CN103518273B - 混合动力车电池、特别是车辆的动力电池 - Google Patents

混合动力车电池、特别是车辆的动力电池 Download PDF

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CN103518273B
CN103518273B CN201280022764.XA CN201280022764A CN103518273B CN 103518273 B CN103518273 B CN 103518273B CN 201280022764 A CN201280022764 A CN 201280022764A CN 103518273 B CN103518273 B CN 103518273B
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C·克莱采
H·费斯
H-W·瓦森
R·施瓦茨鲍尔
B·郎
A·珀佩尔
K·比特纳
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/64Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/22Balancing the charge of battery modules
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4207Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/258Modular batteries; Casings provided with means for assembling
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/284Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with incorporated circuit boards, e.g. printed circuit boards [PCB]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种混合动力车电池、特别是用于车辆的动力电池,带有多个单体模块,该单体模块分别包括多个单体,其中给每个单体模块配设有用于单体监控和/或用于单体平衡的控制装置,其中该控制装置为通信目的和/或控制或调节目的而连接在电池管理控制器上,其中,通过单体模块构造为能以可松脱方式固定在电路板上或者被以可松脱方式固定在电路板上的插接式模块的方式,使该混合动力车电池构造为模块化的。

Description

混合动力车电池、特别是车辆的动力电池
技术领域
本发明涉及一种混合动力车电池、特别是车辆的动力电池,带有多个单体(单电池)模块,该单体模块分别包括多个单体,其中给每个单体模块配设有用于单体监控和/或用于单体平衡的控制装置,其中该控制装置为通信目的和/或控制或调节目的而连接在电池管理控制器上。
背景技术
混合动力车电池(高压电池)例如被作为动力电池用于混合动力车辆。金属氢化物电池/金属混合物电池(Metallhybridbatterien)或锂离子电池被作为电池使用。电池的多个单个的单体串联,由此产生电机需要的电压。
由EP1577966A2已知了一种模块化构造的动力电池,其具有多个单个的电池单体。这些单个的电池单体可以串联起来,以获得带有所期望的电压或者所期望的容量/能力的动力电池。
在US2007/0087266A1中提出了一种模块化的电池系统,其中多个电池模块被串联。利用监控装置来检测电池模块的状态。
在US2009/0130541A1中描述了一种由多个单体组成的电池,该单体分别分配有一集成的电路。该电路用作为用于监控单体的控制器,额外地设置有用于与另一控制装置进行信息交换的通信模块。该控制器布置在单体的侧面上。
由EP1526601A1已知了一种具有多个锂离子单体的动力电池。单个的单体联合成一模块,控制器针对各个模块确定状态值并且将其转输至上级控制器。
在EP2244319A1中描述了一种专用的电池模块。电池具有一监控开关电路,用于监控单个单体的状态参量。此外也存在用于外部控制器的接口。
尽管所述的传统的混合动力车电池的其中一些模块化地构造,大多数情况下仍然需要中央电子模块或者控制装置(控制器),因此混合动力车电池的结构是不灵活的并阻碍了全面的模块化。
发明内容
因此本发明的目的在于,提供一种混合动力车电池,其构造为模块化的并且能灵活地被扩展。
根据本发明为了实现该目的在开头所述类型的混合动力车电池中设计为,单体模块构造为能以可松脱方式固定在电路板上或者被以可松脱方式固定在电路板上的插接式模块。
通过单体模块的根据本发明所设置的作为插接式模块的结构能将其几乎任意地设置在电路板上,因此实现了全面的模块化。不同的混合动力车电池可以借助于电路板实现,其方式为电路板程度不同地配备单体模块。通过这些专用的、与相应的用途相一致的配备而能制造出带有固定特征的电池。特别是电池电压、能发出的电流和容量能以这样的方式被确定或者改变。在根据本发明的混合动力车电池中甚至能通过提高或者降低单体模块的数量而使事后的改变(改装)成为可能。
在根据本发明的电池中通过以下方式实现了模块化:给每个单体模块配设有用于单体监控和/或用于单体平衡的控制装置,因此单体模块连同控制装置能插在电路板上或者从电路板上移除。因为单体模块固定地与控制装置相连接,从而取消了投入大的连接工作或者其它配置工作。
为了简化对根据本发明的混合动力车电池的处理,可以设计为,单体模块或者电路板具有能插入其它部件的缺口中的突出部或者卡锁件。以这样的方式单体模块能简单地以较低的费用被移除或补充。
根据本发明的另一个设计方案也可以设计为,混合动力车电池具有构造为插接式模块的接线盒或分线盒,该接线盒或分线盒包括下述部件中的至少一个:用于HV-分配/配电设备的装置、接触器、保险器、预充电电路、电流传感器。接线盒或分线盒——其也被称作接线箱——因此包括一个或者多个电气部件或者电子部件,这些部件至少能选择性地在混合动力车电池运行时被使用。在此特别优选的是,接线盒或分线盒具有与单体模块相同的尺寸和/或相同的范围大小(Rastermass)。如果接线箱具有与单体模块相同的尺寸,固定就尤其简单。
本发明的另一个设计方案可以设计为,多个电池管理控制器被设置在支架(引线框架)或者框架上。以这样的方式,多个电池管理控制器能被简单地连接或者移除。鉴于安装地点优选的是,支架或者框架被安置在单体模块的与电路板相对/相反的一侧上。
同时,支架(引线框架)用作压紧装置并且将单个的单体模块保持在电路板上。引线框架包括用于接触(触点接通)单体模块的接触件和连接线,在其端部上具有接口,用于例如相互连接多个引线框架。
此外,本发明还涉及一种机动车。根据本发明的机动车的特征在于,其具有所述类型的混合动力车电池。
附图说明
根据实施例参考附图说明本发明的其它优点和细节。附图是示意图,其中示出:
图1示出根据本发明的混合动力车电池的电路图;
图2示出单个单体模块的透视图;
图3示出根据本发明的混合动力车电池的重要部件的透视图;和
图4示出根据本发明的混合动力车电池的透视图。
具体实施方式
图1中所示的混合动力车电池1的电路图示出其重要的部件。混合动力车电池1包括多个串联的单体2。多个单体2组成一单体模块3。在图1中所示出的实施例中,每个单体模块包括两个单体2。然而也可设想这样的实施方式:其中每个单体模板3包括例如三个、四个或者五个单体。
给每个单体模块3都配设有用于单体监控和用于单体平衡的控制装置4。通过单体平衡确保了,一个单体模块3的各单体2被至少近似均匀地放电,因此其使用寿命延长。
单个的控制装置4连接在上级电池管理控制器5上,该控制器具有通信接口6,用于与车辆的外部控制器交换信息。此外,电池管理控制器5能通过外部开关7被切断,以便例如为了保养-或维修目的而切断混合动力车电池1。
附加地,混合动力车电池1还具有输出端8,该输出端与车辆的电机或者其它的电驱动部件相连接。冷却剂管道9被集成在混合动力车电池1中,用于实现单体2的调温。
图2以透视图示出多个单体模块。在所描述的实施例中设置有三个单体模块3,其分别具有长方体形式的壳体。每个单体模块包括多个单体。附加地在图2中也示出了用于HV-分配/配电装置的接线盒(接线箱)10。
图3以透视图示出混合动力车电池1的主要组成部分,图4示出在装配状态中的相同的混合动力车电池1。单个的单体模块11在其底面上具有卡锁突出部12,该卡锁突出部能插入电路板14的缺口13中。以这样的方式能将多个单体模块11串联,因此出现混合动力车电池1的所期望的模块化构造。此外电池1还包括框架(引线框架)15,在其上设置有多个电池管理控制器5。在装配状态下,框架15被设置在单体模块11的与电路板14相对的一侧上。

Claims (6)

1.一种混合动力车电池(1),带有多个单体模块(3、11),所述单体模块分别包括多个单体(2),其中给每个单体模块(3、11)配设有用于单体监控和/或用于单体平衡的控制装置(4),其中所述控制装置为通信目的和/或控制或调节目的而连接在电池管理控制器(5)上,其特征在于,通过单体模块(3、11)构造为被以可松脱方式固定在电路板(14)上的插接式模块的方式,使所述混合动力车电池(1)构造为模块化,所述单体模块(3、11)和电路板(14)中一者具有插入另一者的缺口(13)中的突出部(12)或者卡锁件;其中,所述混合动力车电池还包括用于布置管理控制器的框架(15),所述单体模块沿纵向并排布置并且具有上表面和下表面,单体模块的下表面被电路板完全覆盖,单体模块的上表面由框架(15)基本覆盖。
2.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力车电池,其中所述电池为车辆的动力电池。
3.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力车电池,其特征在于,所述混合动力车电池具有构造为插接式模块的接线盒或分线盒,所述接线盒或分线盒包括下述部件中的至少一个:用于高压分配的装置、接触器、保险器、预充电电路、电流传感器。
4.根据权利要求3所述的混合动力车电池,其特征在于,所述接线盒或分线盒具有与所述单体模块(3、11)相同的尺寸。
5.根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的混合动力车电池,其特征在于,多个电池管理控制器(5)被设置在框架(15)上。
6.一种机动车,其特征在于,所述机动车具有根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的混合动力车电池(1)。
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DE102011101352A DE102011101352A1 (de) 2011-05-12 2011-05-12 HV-Batterie, insbesondere Traktionsbatterie für ein Fahrzeug
PCT/EP2012/002027 WO2012152444A1 (de) 2011-05-12 2012-05-11 Hv-batterie, insbesondere traktionsbatterie für ein fahrzeug

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