WO2015011300A1

WO2015011300A1 - Construction method for producing buildings using a prefabricated structure

Info

Publication number: WO2015011300A1
Application number: PCT/ES2013/000184
Authority: WO
Inventors: Alberto CORRAL CORRAL
Original assignee: Alberto Corral Arquitecto S.L.
Priority date: 2013-07-24
Filing date: 2013-07-24
Publication date: 2015-01-29

Abstract

The invention relates to a construction method for producing buildings using a prefabricated timber structure on a metal platform. The construction method is novel in that it comprises a series of steel and timber parts produced in a workshop, which, when fitted and screwed together, form the supporting base and the structure of the building respectively. The rest of the construction elements that form the building are placed on the timber parts forming the structure of the building by means of fitting and screwing. The steel parts are fitted to one another to create a metal platform, the dimensions of which are dependent on the number of parts being used. The platform serves as a support on the ground, a guide for the installations and a base for mounting the timber built space. The timber parts are the girders and pillars of the structure. The parts are designed so that the connections therebetween are created by means of fitting and screwing. A series of grooves are provided in the girders and pillars so that the rest of the construction elements (beams, sidings, floor slabs, windows, etc.) can be fitted and screwed thereto. The floor, walls and roof are produced using single panels or sandwich panels. After fitting and screwing the beams to the girders, the floor and roof panels are positioned thereon, subsequently screwing same to the beams. The facade panels are fitted between the girders and the pillars, screwing same to both. In order to extend the initial building from any point of same, timber pillars and girders are designed to be fitted into the structure of the initial building. Rapid assembly, alteration and disassembly are made possible by the fact that all of the connections of the building are produced by fitting and screwing. The building can be completely assembled in a workshop and transported by crane to the desired location. The invention includes a system providing direct support on the ground, without foundations, in order to facilitate the assembly of temporary constructions. In addition, the invention does not require the use of special tools or specialised workers in order to assemble a building.

Description

CONSTRUCTION PROCESS TO REALIZE BUILDINGS

WITH

PREFABRICATED STRUCTURE

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

The object of the invention focuses on an innovative process for making the support base and the structure of a building, using metal parts for the base and some wooden for the structure of the building. The pieces are designed with shapes for an easy fit between them. In addition they come planned of workshop for after assembled the structural frame to be able to continue fitting and screwing the rest of the components of the construction on them.

With this system a much faster, precise and economic execution is achieved. It is not necessary specialized workers to make the assembly, because the pieces come prepared so that their assembly is clear, perfect and simple. No special machinery is necessary for the assembly, as all the pieces are light and easily manageable. As all the connections are made by fitting and screwing, it allows to modify the construction, changing windows of site or size. You can expand the building volume at any point and in any way you want. It facilitates the maintenance of the facilities to be placed in the trays of the metal platform, accessing them directly, if you need to break anything. The disassembly process is quick and simple, since all the pieces are only fitted and screwed. Practical system for temporary buildings, especially for the direct support system on the ground without the need for a concrete foundation. The generation of debris on site is practically eliminated in its entirety.

FIELD OF APPLICATION OF THE INVENTION

The field of application of the present invention is part of the construction sector, more specifically within the construction systems based on prefabrication.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Conventional construction methods are fundamentally based on traditional crafts. The development of construction systems based on the prefabrication of all or part of the elements that make up a building, allows to significantly reduce the execution times of the work, improve quality control in the finishes and lower costs. To achieve these objectives it is essential to plan and efficiently manage the entire construction process.

The prefabrication solves a large part of the inconveniences associated with the traditional construction such as the slowness of its realization, guarantee of a good finish on site, production of debris, complexity associated with any work of reform or expansion and the impossibility of dismantling and transporting the construction to another location.

The object of the present invention is, therefore, to provide the state of the art with an improved system of construction of the structure with integration of the rest of the elements of the structure. construction in it, reducing execution times, costs, environmental impact, ensuring good finishes and giving great freedom to modify, expand or disassemble a building.

It should also be noted that the applicant is unaware of the existence of any other construction system that incorporates a structural framework that, with the same or similar application, presents technical, structural and constructive characteristics similar to those allowed by the parts. metal and wood, which are the basis of this construction process.

EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION

This construction process aims to ensure that all elements of a construction, no matter how large, have a weight and size that can be handled by one or two people without the need for cranes or special tools, and that anyone can assemble a building regardless of the size you have.

In order to achieve these objectives, two types of parts are designed, which are manufactured first in the workshop and are subsequently mounted on site:

. Metal parts, with a very simple connection between them, by addition will form a metal platform that will be the support base where the future building will be built (Fig.6.1 to Fig.6.2). The connection between the metal parts is made only by fitting one into the other. The way in which we achieve that the metallic pieces do not dislocate is later screwing the beams of the structure of the building to the metallic platform (Fig.6.3 to Fig.6.6), so that it will work in solidarity as a whole.

The beams of the metal platform have built-in trays through which the different facilities of the building will be carried. Although this will greatly facilitate the assembly of the installations, this part must be carried out by qualified persons who can register each installation in the official organisms. The platform is separated from the ground, this facilitates access to the facilities for easy maintenance. The interior divisions will be made with sandwich walls, and the workshop will incorporate the facilities that will be connected on site with the different connections placed on the trays of the metal platform.

The platform has pillars with a height adjustment system that will allow it to adapt to a terrain if it is supported on the right, or to absorb differential seats in case it rests on a concrete footing (Fig.5.10). If it rests directly on the ground, a support and anchoring system is designed consisting of a rectangular metal base (Fig.4.6) to which a helical micropile is attached (Fig.4.7) that will anchor the ground support platform. Bearing in mind that this type of construction has a much lower weight than traditional construction and that in addition the floor supports will be produced every 124 cm in most cases (in traditional construction the lights between pillars are usually not lower 500 cm), we make sure that a very even distribution of the soil will occur. The surface of the base of support and distribution will be made according to the resistance of the ground.

The metal support platform is important when considering an increase in the original building, since on all sides it has connection points always at the same distance 124 cm that will give a great freedom to choose where one wants to make the extension (Fig.4). In addition, the great rigidity of the metal platform allows to assemble the building in the workshop and then transport it to the land where you want to have it. Similarly, if one needs to change a building site, depending on the size, it would not be necessary to disassemble it but instead hooking the ends of all the platform support beams (Fig.5.11.1 to Fig.5.11.2) with the transport beams. (Fig.4.8), you can move to where you want. The boards that are on the market with different materials and finishes, and that will be used normally in this construction process for the dated ones, have dimensions of 122 x 244 cm. This is the reason why the distance between the pillars axis, both in the metallic platform and between the wooden pillars of the structure of the building will be in most cases 124 cm.

. Pieces of wood, are the beams and pillars of the structure of the building. These pieces are very elaborate to achieve several objectives. One of them is that the union between the different pieces of the structure is simple and safe (Fig.3). A series of recesses and recesses is realized that allows the union by fitting and screwing of beams and pillars, always with several planes of support that facilitate their correct assembly.

Another objective is that the structure facilitates the simple placement of the rest of the construction components. To this end, another series of recesses (Fig.1.0) are made to the beams and pillars of the structure to directly support other elements such as joists, slabs or facade panels (Fig.6.1 a Fig.6.14)

Another objective is that the joints between the different components of the structure and construction elements are waterproof. This is achieved with the geometry that is given to the joints, there is always a wooden plane perpendicular to the joint that prevents the water from moving inward although it is driven by the wind (Fig.3.13.1 to Fig.3.13 .3) . In the most delicate part, the lower connection between the front panel and the beam, a water collection and evacuation system is provided, in case at some moment due to unforeseen movements water could enter that area (Fig.1.0.0 ).

The solution of these objectives causes the different boxes to accumulate and intersect each other producing really complex pieces. The use of new technologies in wood processing makes this approach technically and economically feasible. The pieces are executed with total precision, always the same and quickly, guaranteeing the correct assembly of all the components. The complexity of the pieces directly affects the simplicity of the assembly on site of all the components of the construction.

When all the elements of the construction are fitted and screwed, it allows to make all kinds of changes, such as increasing or moving a window, you just have to unscrew one element and screw another. It also facilitates the change of use, for example from warehouse to home, since one can place a simple board on a dateboard and also later incorporate another interior board with insulation, leaving an air chamber between both. You can perform the process in reverse and move from a home or office to a warehouse.

Thus the construction process for buildings with prefabricated structure that the invention proposes, is configured as a remarkable novelty within its field of application, since it achieves the following objectives:

. A quick and easy assembly on site without the need for machinery or special tools, a screwdriver may be enough.

. Anyone can assemble it because the parts that make up the structure greatly facilitate the correct assembly of all the components of the construction.

. Perfect exterior and interior finishes are guaranteed, with great interior comfort. Structure, construction and decoration are executed at the same time.

. It allows to make modifications of the building, both in the form and in the use.

. It can be easily extended, allowing you to start with a small building and gradually increase it with freedom and always taking advantage of all the elements you already have.

. It can be disassembled easily, allowing it to be moved to another place and reassembled using all the components of the original building. . The anchoring system of the metal platform allows you to settle on a land in a very respectful way, not destroying and integrating into the environment. If the building is dismantled, the floor will have suffered practically no alteration.

. Ideal for temporary buildings, for the rapid assembly and disassembly, and for the possibility of not having to make a foundation to place it in place.

. The entire building can be assembled in the workshop and then transported to the ground by hooking the ends of the support beams of the metal platform (Fig.5.11.1 to 5.11.2) by means of transport beams (Fig.4.8), positioning it by crane in the chosen place. . All the elements of the construction can be stored and transported in a very small space.

. The production of debris in the assembly process on site is practically nil.

DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIGURES 1.

First shows the type of cajeado of the main beams and pillars that form the structure of the building. Then it shows the plants, elevations, sections and perspectives of all the intermediate pieces of wood that form the structure of the building. The floor and ceiling pieces are shown only in perspective in "Figures 2." because they are variations of the intermediate ones and to avoid an excessive size of the document. In all the pieces the first six figures will always represent the following: 1 upper floor, 2 lower floor, 3 interior elevation, 4 exterior elevation, 5 right lateral elevation and 6 left lateral elevation.

Figure 1

Perspective index, where you can see all the pieces of wood with which the structure of a building is made.

Figures 1.0. Types of cajeado of some beams and pillars

1.0.0 cajeado of all the beams for central pillar and evacuation of

1.0.1.1 to 1.0.1.2 recesses of the intermediate Frontal Beam.

1.0.2.1 to 1.0.2.2 Middle Lateral Beam casings.

1.0.3.1 to 1.0.3.2 recesses of the Lateral Beam intermediate upper coupling.

1.0.4.1 to 1.0.4.2 recesses of the Lateral Beam Intermediate Bottom Link.

1.0.5.1 to 1.0.5.2 boxes of the Prolongation Beam.

1.0.8 and 1.0.9 cajeados of the Pilar Central and the Pilar de Esquina.

1.0.6.1 to 1.0.6.2 cajeado of the Beam of Extension of floor.

1.0.7.1 to 1.0.7.2 recess of the Roof Expansion Beam.

1.0.10.1 to 1.0.10.2 Pillar of Central Expansion Pillar.

1.0.11.1 to 1.0.11.2 Pillar of Corner Expansion Pillar.

Figures 1.1. Intermediate frontal beam.

1.1.1 to l.1.6 plants and elevations.

1.1.7 to 1.1.19 longitudinal sections.

1.1.20 to 1.1.29 cross sections.

1.1.30 to 1.1.33 exterior and interior views.

Figures 1.2. Lateral intermediate beam.

1.2.1 to 1.2.6 plants and elevations.

1.2.7 to 1.2.17 longitudinal sections.

1.2.18 to 1.2.36 cross sections.

1.2.37 to 1.2.40 exterior and interior views.

Figures 1.3. Lateral beam intermediate upper coupling. 1.3.1 to 1.3.6 floors and elevations.

1.3.7 to 1.3.17 longitudinal sections.

1.3.18 to 1.3.31 cross sections.

1.3.32 to 1.2.35 exterior and interior views.

Figures 1.4. Lateral beam intermediate lower coupling.

1.4.1 to 1.4.6 floors and elevations.

1.4.7 to 1.4.17 longitudinal sections.

1.4.18 to 1.4.28 cross sections,

1.4.29 to 1.4.32 external and internal views.

Figures 1.5. Extension Beam.

1.5.1 to 1.5.6 floors and elevations.

1.5.7 to 1.5.17 longitudinal sections.

1.5.18 to 1.5.27 cross sections.

1.5.28 to 1.5.31 exterior and interior views.

Figures 1.6. Floor expansion beam.

1.6.1 to 1.6.6 floors and elevations.

1.6.7 to 1.6.20 longitudinal sections.

1.6.21 to 1.6.30 cross sections.

1.6.31 to 1.6.34 exterior and interior views.

Figures 1.7. Roof expansion beam.

1.7.1 l .7.6 floors and elevations.

1.7.7 to 1.7.18 longitudinal sections.

1.7.19 to 1.7.24 cross sections.

1.7.25 to 1.7.28 exterior and interior views.

Figures 1.8. Central Pillar.

1.8.1 to 1.8.6 floors and elevations.

1.8.7 to 1.8.11 longitudinal sections.

1.8.12 to 1.8.17 cross sections.

1.8.18 to 1.8.21 superior and inferior views.

Figures 1.9. Corner Pillar.

1.9.1 to 1.9.6 floors and elevations.

1.9.7 to 1.9.12 longitudinal sections.

1.9.13 to 1.9.18 cross sections.

1.9.19 to 1.9.22 superior and inferior views.

Figures 1.10. Pillar of Central Expansion.

1.10.1 to 1.10.6 plants and elevations.

1.10.7 to 1.10.11 longitudinal sections.

1.10.12 to 1.10.18 cross sections.

1.10.19 to 1.10.26 superior and inferior views.

Figures 1.11. Corner Expansion Pillar.

1.11.1 to 1.11.6 plants and elevations.

1.11.7 to 1.11.11 longitudinal sections.

1.11.12 to 1.11.18 cross sections.

1.11.19 to 1.11.26 superior and inferior views.

Figures 1.12. Central pillar section H.

1.12.1 to 1.12.6 plants and elevations.

1.12.7 to 1.12.11 longitudinal sections.

1.12.12 to 1.12.17 cross sections.

1.12.18 to 1.12.21 top and bottom views.

FIGURES 2

Views of the modifications in the original parts defined in "Figures 1." are shown. Figures 2.1.1. Front beam floor.

2.1.1.1 to 2.1.1.2 lower views of the Front Floor Beam.

Figures 2.1.2. Beam Frontal roof.

2.1.2.1 to 2.1.2.2 top views of the Roof Top Beam.

Figures 2.2.1. Extreme Lateral Beam floor.

2.2.1.1 to 2.2.1.2 bottom views of the Extreme Lateral Floor Beam.

Figures 2.2.2. Side Beam Extreme roof.

2.2.2.1 to 2.2.2.2 Top views of the Extreme Lateral Roof Beam.

Figures 2.3.1. Lateral beam top floor hook.

2.3.1.1 to 2.3.1.2 lower views of the Lateral Beam upper floor hook. Figures 2.3.2. Lateral beam roof top hook.

2.3.2.1 to 2.3.2.2 Top views of the Lateral Beam top roof hook. Figures 2.4.1. Beam Lateral bottom ground hook.

2.4.1.1 to 2.4.1.2 lower views of the Lateral Beam bottom ground hook.

Figures 2.4.2. Lateral beam roof lower coupling.

2.4.2.1 to 2.4.2.2 Top views of the Lateral Beam bottom roof hook.

Figure 2.5. Central Pillar.

Variation in the geometry of fit between the pillars and the beams of the structure.

Figure 2.6.

Examples of variation in the beams of the structure, with different number of intermediate pillars.

FIGURES 3.

Views are shown of all the joints that can be made with the pieces of wood defined in "Figures 1. and Figures 2.", to make the structure of a building with this construction system. In each knot the pieces that make up that union will be indicated, following the codes set in "Figures 1. And Figures 2.".

Figure3.

Perspective index, where the unions that are produced with the pieces defined in "Figures 1. and Figures 2." .

Figures 3.1. Knot Corner floor. Front Floor Beam (2.1.1) + Extreme Side Floor Beam (2.2.1) + Corner Pillar (1.9).

3.1.1 to 3.1.4 Exterior and interior views with the pieces attached and separated.

Figures 3.2. Intermediate Corner Knot. Corner Pillar (1.9) + Intermediate Front Beam (1.1) + Intermediate Extreme Side Beam (1.2) + Corner Pillar (1.9).

3.2.1 to 3.2.4 Exterior and interior views with the pieces attached and separated.

Figures 3.3. Roof corner knot. Corner Pillar (1.9) + Roof Front Beam (2.1.2) + Extreme Roof Side Beam (2.2.2).

3.3.1 to 3.3.4 Exterior and interior views with the pieces attached and separated.

Figures 3.4. Extreme ground central knot. Bottom side floor beam (2.4.1) + Top side floor beam (23.1) + Central pillar (1.8).

3.4.1 to 3.4.4 Exterior and interior views with the pieces attached and separated.

Figures 3.5. Mid intermediate end knot. Central Pillar (1.8) + Intermediate Lower Side Link Beam (1.4) + Lat Beam. Upper intermediate coupling (1.3) + Central Pillar (1.8).

3.5.1 to 3.5.4 Exterior and interior views with the pieces attached and separated. Figures 3.6. Extreme central roof knot. Central Pillar (1.8) + Lower Ceiling Side Beam (2.4.2) + Upper Ceiling Side Beam (2.3.2).

Figures 3.7. Central knot inside ground. Side Floor Beams (2.2.1, 23.1, 2.4.1) or Front Floor Beam (2.1.2) + Central Pillar (1.8).

3.7.1 to 3.7.4 Exterior and interior views with the pieces attached and separated.

Figures 3.8. Intermediate central interior knot. Central Pillar (1.8) + Intermediate Lateral Beams (1.2, 1.3, 1.4) or Intermediate Front Beam (1.1) + Central Pillar (1.8).

3.8.1 to 3.8.4 Exterior and interior views with the pieces attached and separated.

Figures 3.9. Central knot inside roof. Central Pillar (1.8) + Roof Side Beams (2.2.2, 2.3.2, 2.4.2) or Roof Front Beam (2.1.2).

3.9.1 to 3.9.4 Exterior and interior views with the pieces attached and separated.

Figures 3.10. Prolongation Knot. Central Pillar (1.8) + Prolongation Beam (1.5) + Central Pillar (1.8).

3.10.1 to 3.10.4 Views ext. and interiors with the pieces attached and separated.

Figures 3.11. Corner Expansion Knot. Floor Expansion Beam (1.6) + Corner Expansion Pillar (1.11) + Roof Expansion Beam (1.7).

3.11.1 to 3.11.6 Views ext. and interiors with the pieces attached and separated.

Figures 3.12. NAC Central Extension Knot. Floor Expansion Beam (1.6) + Central Expansion Pillar (1.10) + Roof Expansion Beam (1.7).

3.12.1 to 3.12.6 Views ext. and interiors with the pieces attached and separated.

Figures 3.13

Detail of joints in the union of the pieces that form the structure is shown.

Figure 3.13.1. Horizontal section detail of corner joint between Front Beam and Beam

Lateral, Extreme.

Figure 3.13.2. Horizontal section detail joint between Lateral beam of upper coupling and Lateral beam of lower coupling.

Figure 3.13.3. Vertical section detail joint between Central Pillar with Beams. FIGURES 4.

It shows the floors, elevations, sections and perspectives of all the metallic pieces that form the support platform of the building. In all the pieces the order of the figures are, upper floor, lower floor, elevations, longitudinal sections, cross sections and perspectives.

Figure 4

Perspective index, where you can see all the pieces with which the support platform of a building is made.

Fissures 4.1. Extreme Support Visa. 4.1.1 to 4.1.6 plants and elevations.

4.1.7 to 4.1.10 longitudinal sections.

4.1.11 to 4.1.17 cross sections.

4.1.18 to 4.1.21 general views and detail.

Figures 4.2. Beam Interior Support.

4.2.1 to 4.1.4 plants and elevations.

4.2.5 to 4.2.8 longitudinal sections.

4.2.9 to 4.2.13 cross sections.

4.2.14 to 4.2.16 general views and detail.

Figures 43. Connection beam.

4.3.1 to 4.3.4 floors and elevations.

4.3.5 to 4.3.7 longitudinal sections.

4.3.8 to 4.3.11 cross sections.

4.3.12 to 4.3.13 general views.

Figures 4.4. Support Pillar.

4.1.1 to 4.4.4 plants and elevations.

4.4.5 to 4.4.9 longitudinal sections.

4.4.10 to 4.4.13 cross sections.

4.4.14 to 4.4.15 general views.

Figures 4.5. Support Pillar with ball joint.

4.5.1 to 4.5.4 floors and elevations.

4.5.5 to 4.5.9 longitudinal sections.

4.5.10 to 4.5.15 cross sections.

4.5.16 general view.

Figures 4.6. Base of Support and Distribution.

4.6.1 to 4.6.5 floors and elevations.

4.6.6 to 4.6.11 longitudinal sections.

4.6.12 to 4.6.16 cross sections.

4.6.17 to 4.6.18 general views.

Figures 4.7. Micro Anchor Pilot.

4.7.1 and 4.7.2 upper floor and lower floor.

4.7.3 elevation.

4.7.4 and 4.7.5 longitudinal and transversal sections.

4.7.6 to 4.7.7 general views

Figures 4.8. Transport beam.

4.8.1 to 4.8.6 floors and elevations.

4.8.7 to 4.8.9 longitudinal sections.

4,8,10 to 4,8,13 cross sections.

4.8.14 to 4.8.15 general views.

FIGURES 5.

There are views of all the joints that can be made with the metal parts defined in "Figures 4.", to make the support platform of a building with this construction system. In each knot the pieces that make up that union will be indicated, following the codes set in "Figures 4.". Figure 5

Index perspective, where the joints that are produced with the metal parts defined in "Figures 4" are shown.

Figures 5.1. Extreme Connection Knot. Beam Extreme Support (4.1) + Connection Beam (43) + Connection Beam (43).

5.1.1 to 5.1.3 View attached and separated pieces and detail.

Figures 5.2. Interior Connection Knot. Connection Girder (4.3) + Interior Support Girder (4.2) + Connecting Girder (4.3).

5.2.1 to 5.2.2 View joined and separated pieces.

Figures 53. Platform extension node. Connection Beam (43) + Extreme Support Beam (4.1) Connection Beam (43).

5.3.1 to 5.3.2 View joined and separate pieces.

Figures 5.4. Interior Extension Knot. Inner Support Beam (4.2) + Conex Beam (4.3).

5.4.1 to 5.4.2 View joined and separated pieces.

Figures 5.5. Extreme Extension Knot. Beam Extreme Support (4.1) + Connection Beam (43).

5.5.1 to 5.5.2 View joined and separated pieces.

Figures 5.6. Extreme Front Expansion Knot. Beam Extreme Support (4.1) + Connection Beam (4.3).

5.6.1 to 5.6.2 View joined and separate pieces.

Figures 5.7. Interior Front Expansion Knot. Beam Extreme Support (4.1) + Connection Beam (43).

5.7.1 to 5.7.2 View joined and separated pieces.

Figures 5.8. Porch knot. Beam Extreme Support (4.1) or Beam Support Interior (4.2) + Support Pillar (4.4).

5.8.1 to 5.8.2 View joined and separate pieces.

Figures 5.9. Porch knot with ball joint. Beam Extreme Support (4.1) or Beam Support Interior (4.2) + Support Pillar with ball joint (4.5).

5.9.1 to 5.9.2 View joined and separated pieces.

Figures 5.10. Anchor Knot. Support Pillar (4.4) or Support Pillar with ball joint (4.5) + Support Base and Distribution (4.6) + Micro Anchor Pilot (4.7).

5.10.1 to 5.10.2 View of pieces joined with P. of Support and with P. of Support with ball joint.

5.10.3 View with all parts separated.

5.10.4 and 5.10.5 Sec. Long. Gantry with Support Base and Micro Anchor Pilot. Figures 5.11. Transportation node. Beam Extreme Support (4.1) or Beam Support Interior (4.2) + Transport Beam (4.8).

5.11.1 to 5.11.2 Views joined and separated pieces.

FIGURES 6.

It shows step by step the construction of a ground floor building and its subsequent expansion, with general and detailed views. Figures 6.1 to 6.2

Assembly of the metal support platform.

Figures 63 to 6.6

Base assembly of wooden structure on the metal platform and detail of the screwing of the wooden base to the metal support beams.

Figures 6.7 to 6.8

Placement of floor joists and floor panels on them.

Figures 6.9 to 6.10

Assembly of pillars to floor beams. Detail of bolting of pillars to floor beams and from floor panels to joists. Assembly of roof beams on pillars of ground floor. Figures 6.11 to 6.13

Placement on roof beams of the joists and roof panels on these. Installation of ribs for slope formation and roof panels on roof panels.

Figures 6.14

Lace on the beams and pillars of the facade panels and windows. Detail of the bolting of the panels and windows to beams and pillars of the structure.

Figure 6.15

Assembly of a second support platform and connection to the first for the expansion of the original building.

Figure 6.16

Assembly on the second platform of the building volume extension and the connection between both, following the same process described in the previous steps.

Figure 6.17

Example of the plan of a building with an exploded beam.

Figure 6.18

Example of cross section of a building supported on concrete footing.

PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

In view of the figures between 6.1 and 6.16, one can see in them a preferred embodiment of the invention, which comprises the parts and elements that are described in detail below.

Thus, as seen in said figures, the invention focuses on a constructive process of housing or modular buildings by using parts previously made in the workshop, with the length and configuration depending on the design of the house or building. There are two types of pieces clearly differentiated.

Metal pieces. Formed by steel profiles of rectangular or square hollow section, they will give rise to support beams, connection beams, extension beams and support pillars. A rectangular sheet of perforated steel where the pillars fit, will serve as a base on the ground when you want to support the building directly on the ground, without a previous foundation. An anchor piece is also designed for the support base formed by a small pile with a helical surface that facilitates entry and support in the ground. These metallic elements will be assembled, forming a steel platform that will serve as support and support for the building volume entirely in wood that will be mounted on said metal base.

Pieces of wood. Generated from profiles of rectangular or square sections of wood, which have been made a series of guides and cajeados to fit them together. These pieces will be the beams and pillars of the wooden building. These pieces of wood have been shaped in the workshop so that in addition to fitting perfectly with each other, fit the rest of the constructive elements such as joists, floor panels, walls and roof. In this way fitting and screwing all the components of the construction in their correct order, the construction can be carried out until the end.

The pieces are designed so that when fitting, the geometry of the joined pieces prevents the passage of water through the joints (Fig.3.13.1 to Fig.3.13.3).

Thus, the constructive phases of the system that is to be explained are the following: The type of support that is going to be used on the ground is chosen. If there is a concrete shoe, a Support Pillar (Fig.4.4) will be placed, which will be screwed to said shoe. If it is directly supported on the ground, a Support and Distribution Base (Fig.4.6) will be placed first, to which a ground anchoring system will be applied by means of a Helical Micropile (Fig.4.7). On this support base, the Support Pillar will be fitted and screwed, which can be fixed (Fig.4.4) or it can have a label to adapt to the slope of the terrain (Fig.4.5). These supports will be placed in all the frames that make up the metal platform.

On the Support Pillar, the Extreme Support Beam will be fitted and screwed (Fig.5.8 and Fig.5.9) (Fig.4.1), forming the extreme portico that will be the beginning of the metallic platform.

Next, two Connecting Beams (Fig.4.3) will fit into the Extreme Support Girder (Fig.5.1). An Intermediate Support Beam will be fitted (Fig.4.2) on the other side of the Connecting Girder (Fig.5.2). To the Intermediate Support Beam, it will fit to the other side (Fig.5.2), other two Connecting Beams. Another Intermediate Support Beam will be fitted to these last Connecting Girders (Fig.6.1.1).

This process will be repeated the number of times it is necessary to finish the platform with the union of two Beams of Connection to the Extreme Support Beam on the other side of the platform. The number of times the intermediate joints are repeated (Fig.3.2) will depend on the dimensions needed to support the wood construction (Fig.6.1 to Fig.6.2).

Then begin to place the wooden structure of the building. To this end, two Lateral Floor Beams (Fig.2.2.1) will be supported on the metal platform, resting on the heads of an Extreme Support Beam and the adjacent Intermediate Support Beam (Fig.6.3.1). On the Lateral Side Beams, a frontal floor beam will be fitted (Fig.2.1.1), in this way one of the headboards of the wooden base will be configured (Fig.6.3).

The process continues fitting a Lateral Beam of Superior ground hook (Fig.2.3.1) on the Extreme Lateral Floor Beam. Next, a Bottom Floor Locking Side Beam (Fig.2.4.1) is fitted to the Top Floor Side Beam. It continues fitting a Lateral Beam of Superior hitch of soil on a Lateral Beam of inferior hitch of floor. This process will be repeated until the wooden base is finished on the other side with two Extreme Side Beams of floor on which the Front Floor Beam fits. The number of times the intermediate process is repeated will depend on the dimensions of the building (Fig.6.3). All the lower floor side beams will be screwed to the Intermediate Support Beams of the metal platform, with both structures coming together (Fig.6.5 and Fig.6.6).

Then the joists are taken from the floor, they are fitted and screwed to the side beams of the structural wooden base (Fig.6.7).

Subsequently the panels that will form the floor will be taken. These panels will be chosen from the offer that is on the market and may be simple or sandwich panels with insulation. These panels will be supported and screwed to the floor joists (Fig.6.8 and Fig.6.9.1).

Then the Corner Pillars will be taken (Fig.1.9) and they will be fitted and screwed (Fig.6.9.1) to the Front Floor Beam (Fig.3.1). Then the Central Pillars (Fig.1.8) will fit and screw (Fig.6.9.1) in the boxes that have the Lateral Beams on the upper face (Fig.3.4 and Fig.3.7). After placing all the pillars (Fig.6.9), two Lateral Roof Side Beams will be taken (Fig. 2.2.2)) and will be fitted and screwed into the upper heads of a Central Pillar and a Corner Pillar. Subsequently, a Roof Roof Beam will be taken (Fig.2.1.2) and it will fit over the two Lateral Roof Side Beams (Fig.3.3). Next, the Lateral Roof Top Link Beam (Fig. 2.3.2) and the Lower Roof Top Link Beam (Fig 2.4.2) will be taken, the process that was performed in the base formation of the roof will be repeated. ground. The difference is that now the beams do not rest on the metallic structure of the platform, but on the upper heads of the pillars (Fig.3.6 and Fig.3.9).

Once the perimeter structure of the roof has been finished (Fig.6.10), the ceiling joists will be fitted and screwed (Fig.6.11).

Subsequently the panels that will form the roof will be taken. These panels will be chosen from the offer that is on the market and may be simple or sandwich panels with insulation. The panels will be supported on the roof joists and screwed to them (Fig.6.12).

Next, some wooden ribs that will form the slope of the roof will be placed on the roof panels. On these ribs, panels that will form the roof plane on which the finishing material will be placed will be supported and screwed (Fig.6.13).

The next step is to take the facade panels, which can be simple or sandwich panels to fit them and screw them between the beams and the pillars (Fig.6.14.1). Doors and windows will also fit together and bolt between beams and pillars (Fig.6.14). The facilities of the building will be carried by trays that have the beams of the metal platform drilling in some points the floor panels and hooking the installations in the interior partitions. These interior partitions will be sandwich, they will be screwed to the pillars and the roof joists, and will be incorporated into the workshop.

If the building volume has more than one floor, beams are designed that are recessed in both the upper and lower face (Fig.1.1, Fig.1.2, Fig.1.3, Fig.1.4) to fit and screw into the lower part the pillars and the facade panels of the ground floor, and on the upper part the pillars and front panels of the first floor (Fig.3.2, Fig.3.5, Fig.3.8).

In the case that after finishing the building you want to make an extension of it, a series of pieces are designed that will allow you to do it from any point.

We use a connecting beam (Fig. 4.3) to connect two metal platforms. This beam can be given the necessary length and remove some of the trays that it has on the sides. The connecting beam can be fitted at any point on the long side (Fig.5.4 and Fig.5.5) or on any of the short side (Fig.5.6 and Fig.5.7). In this way connecting platforms can expand the initial building in multiple ways.

For the wooden structure of the building, some pieces are designed that, based on the Expansion Beam of the metal platform, are fitted and screwed on the pillars of the initial construction. The beams will be a Floor Expansion Beam (Fig.1.6) and a Roof Expansion Beam (Fig.1.7). In the pillars there will be a Central Expansion Pillar (Fig.1.10), which will fit and be screwed to the Central Pillar of the building (Fig.3.12) and a Corner Expansion Pillar (Fig.1.11) that will fit and be screwed to the Pillar of Corner of the building (Fig.3.11).

Claims

Claim 1

Construction process for buildings with prefabricated structure, characterized in that it comprises a first stage, with the realization in the workshop of the metal pieces to form the platform of support of the building and the wooden pieces for the structure of the building, and a second stage of assembly of the previous pieces in the work. The assembly is characterized by the fact that the joints of the structure and of all the components of the building are made together dry, by fitting and screwing. In addition, the pieces are designed with a weight and dimension that allows their handling without the need to use a crane for assembly.

Claim 2

Building process for buildings with prefabricated structure, according to claim 1, characterized in that the wooden parts of the structure are designed and manufactured in workshop to fit together and to collect and screwed to them, the rest of the components of the building. The following types of cajeados are made to the beams according to the element that rests on them: 1. Cajeado for the adjoining beams. 2. Hollow for floor joists. 3. Cajeado for the pillars. 4. Cajeado for the horizontal panels of forged. 5. Cajeado for vertical facade panels. 5.1 cajeado and cylindrical perforation for collection and evacuation of possible water entry. (Fig.1.0.1 to Fig.1.0.5). In the case of the pillars, there will only be two type of cajeado: 3. Cajeado for the beams and 5. Cajeado for the front panels (Fig.1.0.8 to Fig.1.0.9).

Claim 3

Construction process for buildings with prefabricated structure, according to claim 1, characterized in that the metal parts of the support platform are designed and manufactured in workshop to fit together, and as a guide and support of the building facilities (water, electricity, sanitation, telecommunications ..), resting on metal trays welded to both sides or only in one according to needs, the rectangular hollow profile of the beams. This installation system allows access to them through the space between the floor and the top of the Support Beams where the wooden beams of the building structure are supported. The metallic platform has at the heads of each Intermediate Support Beam a point of union with the wooden structure of the building, so that both structures are joined and will work from that moment as a whole.

Claim 4

Building process for buildings with prefabricated structure, according to claims 1, 2 and 3, characterized in that the stage of assembly on site includes the following phases:

. Assembly of the parts that make up the metal support platform (Fig.6.1 to Fig.6.2). The platform will rest on a shoe or directly on the ground. If it is done on the ground, it will be necessary to regulate the height of the pillars in each support.

. Assembly based on the metal platform of the wooden beams that form the base of the structure of the building. The beams will be screwed to the support beams of the platform, joining both structures (Fig.6.3 to Fig.6.6).

. Placement and screwing of the floor joists in the recesses provided in the beams of the h »« ÍPta (\ T \

. Placement and screwing of the floor panels on the joists (Fig.6.8 and Fig.6.9.1). . Fitting and screwing of the pillars of the ground floor in each slot provided in the floor beams of the wooden structure (Fig.6.9 to Fig.6.9.1.2).

. Mounting of the ceiling beams by fitting and screwing on the upper heads of the pillars (Fig.6.10).

. Fitting and screwing the ceiling joists on the previous beams (Fig.6.11).

. Fitting and screwing the roof panels onto the joists (Fig.6.12).

. Support and screwed triangular wooden ribs on roof panels for roof slope formation (Fig.6.13).

. Installation and screwing of panels on triangular ribs for inclined roof formation (Fig.6.13).

. Installation and screwing of panel with triangular ribs and upper part of roof beams for roof trusses (Fig.6.13). The cover is ready to place the finishing material you want (zinc, sheet metal, slate ...).

. Assembly of panels and facade gaps, fitting their four sides to the beams and pillars and screwing all sides to the structure. By joining the wooden structure to the wooden enclosure, it will form a set of great strength and rigidity (Fig.6.14 a

Fig.6.14.1.1).

Claim 5

Construction process for buildings with prefabricated structure, according to claim 1, 2, 3 and 4, characterized in that a building can be extended at any point the original construction, taking as support base the heads of the Beams Interior or Extreme Support (Fig. .5.4 and Fig.5.5), or the heads welded along the length of the outer face of the Extreme Support Beam (Fig.5.6 and Fig.5.7). These welded heads are the same distance as the heads of the Inner Support Beams. Since the distance between connections is the same on all four sides of the building, it allows to connect to a second platform at the point that suits us best (Fig.6.15). Once the second platform is connected and assembled, the construction process of the second building volume is carried out following claim 4. In the connection, the section of the old building is unscrewed and disassembled to allow the passage to the new extension.

Claim 6

Building process for building buildings with prefabricated structure, according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, characterized in that the metal support platform of the building is composed of a series of parts that are adapted to the needs of the building that is It is located above the platform, either varying the width or length of the building, modifying the distance between pillars, or varying the separation between the building and the ground. The pieces that allow to regulate these parameters are the following: Support Beams (Extreme Support Beam, Fig.4.1 and Intermediate Support Beam, Fig.4.2) of the metallic platform, formed by steel profiles of rectangular hollow section (1 in Fig.4.0) .1 and Fig.4.0.2), whose length will determine the width of the building. Near both heads, another shorter profile, perpendicular to the support beam (2 in Fig.4.0.1 and Fig.4.0.2), will be welded on the underside, in which the connection beams will be assembled. On the underside of this short profile, another hollow profile of block section (4 in Fig.4.0.1 and Fig.4.0.2) is welded perpendicularly, which has been made several cylindrical perforations on two parallel faces, which will connect with the support pillars of the platform. The length of this piece will mark the separation between the land and the building that rests on the platform. Near the heads of the Intermediate Support Beam (Fig.4.0.2), L profiles are welded to screw the wooden beams of the building structure into them. On both sides, the Vira Sonorta Tinter and the inner side of the Extreme Sonora Vie will weld steel trays (6 in Fig.4.0.1 and Fig.4.0.2) to support the building's facilities.

Connecting beam (Fig. 43) of the metal platform, formed by steel profiles of rectangular hollow section (1 in Fig.4.0.3), whose length will determine the distance between pillars of the wooden structure of the building that is supported on the metal platform. The connecting beams will have on their heads some bushes of smaller section (1.1 in Fig.4.0.3) that will be introduced in the ends of the short profile (2 in Fig.4.0.1 and Fig.4.0.2) of the support beams to go forming the metallic platform and allowing the supporting beams to be connected to each other and to give the platform by adding, the length that is desired. They can also be inserted into the heads of the support beams (3 in Fig.4.0.1 and Fig.4.0.2) or in the heads (3.1 in Fig.4.0.1) welded on the outer face of the Extreme Support Beam, These connections are made when you want to extend a building by connecting it with a second metal platform (Fig.

Support pillar (Fig. 4.4) of the metal platform, formed by a steel profile with square hollow section (7 of Fig.4.0.4) which has been made several cylindrical perforations on two parallel faces This profile (7) will be introduced in the connections of the support beams (4), to form the frames of the metal platform. The length of this profile will mark the separation between the land and the building that rests on the platform. A square steel plate (8 in Fig.4.0.4) with four perforations is welded to the square profile of the support pillar in the lower head. This sheet, if a concrete foundation has been made, will be the one that rests on the shoe and is screwed to it through the four perforations that it has. If the metal platform rests directly on the ground, the pillar sheet will be connected to the Support and Distribution Base (Fig. 4.6).

Support pillar with ball joint (Fig. 4.5) of the metal platform, formed by a steel profile with square hollow section (7 in Fig.4.0.5) which has been made several cylindrical perforations on two parallel faces and is has closed the base of the lower head with a square plate. The length of this profile will mark the separation between the land and the building that rests on the platform .. This profile (7) will be introduced in the connections of the support beams (4), to form the porticos of the metal platform. To the square profile of the support pillar will be welded a profile of solid cylindrical section finished in a solid metallic sphere (Fig.4.8.9 and 10 in Fig.4.0.5) that previously will have been introduced a short section just like the main profile of the pillar (7.1 in Fig.4.05) to which a square sheet on the top head has been welded with a cylindrical perforation to be able to introduce the solid cylindrical profile before welding the estuary. This set of three pieces will be welded through the lower head of the short square profile (7.1) to the square steel sheet (8 in Fig.4.0.5) with four perforations. This sheet will be connected to the Support and Distribution Base (Fig. 4.6). This Pillar with ball joint is designed for when the metal platform rests directly on the ground, as the union can rotate the base in any direction, thus adapting to any slope of the terrain.

Claim 7

Construction process for buildings with prefabricated structure, according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, characterized by an anchoring system of the metal platform when it rests directly on the ground, without any foundation (Fig. .5.10). This anchoring system in the field consists of the following elements:

Base of Support and Distribution (Fig. 4.6) of the metal platform, formed by a steel plate (11 in Fig.4.0.6) to which four solid cylinders with thread have been welded (12 in Fig.4.0.6) that will be located just like the four perforations of the sheet of the support pillars. In this way the support pillars will fit through their four perforations in the cylinders with thread of the support base, subsequently screwing the pillar to the base. TO the sheet of the Base of Support and Distribution will be made a large circular hole (13 in Fig.4.0.6) through which the Micro Anchor Pilot will be introduced.

Micro Anchor Pilot (Fig. 4.7), of the metal platform, formed by a solid cylindrical profile (14 in Fig.4.0.7) finished in the upper part with thread, to which a helical steel surface is welded (15 in Fig.4.0.7) of smaller diameter of development than the circular perforation made in the Support Base. In the upper part of the cylindrical profile (14) a steel washer (16 in Fig.4.0.7) whose diameter must be greater than that of the bore in the Support Base (13 in Fig.4.0.6) is introduced. Subsequently two threads are introduced that will rotate the micropile. As it rotates, it will be introduced into the ground until it reaches a moment that the two nuts strongly press the washer on the Support Base and distribution, which is strongly anchored to the ground. Now for the wind to lift it, it should pull a cone of soil around the micropile. However, if you want to dismantle the building, reversing the direction of rotation does not produce any resistance to remove the micropile from the ground.

Claim 8

Construction process for buildings with prefabricated structure, according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, characterized in that the structure of the building consists of pieces of wood prefabricated in workshop that are joined together by snapping and screwing, which they are made in workshop a series of cajeados and guides so that the rest of the elements of the construction (joists, forged, enclosures, windows ...), fit and is screwed to them, and that give the option to choose the dimensions of the building both in width, length and height. The pieces with which this structure can be assembled are the following:

Frontal beams (Fig. 1.1, Fig.2.1.1 and Fig.2.1.2) of the wooden structure of the building, manufactured from a wooden parallelepiped of rectangular section, whose length will mark the width of the building. This piece of wood will receive the following cajeados in their faces:

. Upper face: two recesses along their entire length (5 in Fig.1.0.1.1) to fit them later the vertical facade panels, the space between both recesses (6 in Fig.1.0.6) will be an air chamber in the closing of a façade with a smaller recess (5.1 in Fig.1.0.6) inside the outermost recess, for the collection of possible water that could sneak between the exterior front panel and the Frontal Beam; a cajeado in each end of the beam (3 in Fig.1.0.1.1) so that they fit the Corner Pillars; one or more boxes in the middle area of the beam (3 in Fig.1.0.1.1), depending on the number of central pillars that have the width of the building.

. Bottom face: a series of cajeados (1 in Fig.1.0.1.2) that will be the negative of the head of the Extreme Lateral Beam (Fig.1.2, Fig.2.2.1 and Fig.2.2.2) and that will allow a perfect fit between them; one or more recesses in the middle area of the beam (3 in Fig.1.0.1.2) for the central pillars; a cajeado in his length until arriving at the head of both sides, so that it leans the external board of facade.

. Interior face: a longitudinal recess (4 in Fig.1.0.1.1) that will stop at both ends before reaching where the Corner Pillar will be placed, whose function will be to support the horizontal slab of the floor.

. External face: a deeper cavity than the 5 of the upper face in each corner of the beam (3 in Fig.1.0.1.1), so that the Corner Pillars fit (the cajeado is deeper so that it can not pass the water between the beam and the corner pillar); one or more deeper recesses than the 5th of the upper face in the middle area of the beam (3 in Fig.1.0.1.1), so that the central pillars fit together (the recess is deeper so that the water can not pass between the beam and the central pillars); some cylindrical perforations (5.2 in Fig.1.0.6) that will connect the outside with the cageado 5.1 of the upper face, so that the water that could collect the channel 5.1 can be evacuated. In the case of the Front Floor Beam (Fig.2.1.1), the pillars for the pillars (3) and the cage for the vertical front panel (5) are eliminated on the underside, as it will go directly to the metal platform support. A lower perimetral recess will be made on the outside face, to screw a panel that covers and protects the metal structure and the facilities that are supported on it from the elements

In the case of the Roof Front Girder (Fig.2.1.2), the pillars for pillars (3) and the cajeado for the vertical front panel (5) are eliminated on the upper face, since the ribs will go on the beam of slope formation of the cover. It will be made a perimeter upper cajeado by the outside face, to screw to it the sides of the cover, so that it can not enter water from the rain between the perimeter rib and the front beam. Side Beams (Fig.1.2, Fig.2.2.1, Fig.2.2.2 - Fig.13, Fig.23.1, Fig.23.2 - Fig.1.4, Fig.2.4.1, Fig.2.4.2 - Fig. .1.5) of the wooden structure of the building, manufactured from a rectangular wooden parallelepiped, whose assembly will make up the long side of the building. These pieces of wood will receive the following spaces on their faces:. Top face: two boxes over their entire length (5 in Fig.1.0.2.1, Fig.1.0.3.1, Fig.1.0.4.1 and Fig.1.0.5.1) to fit in them later the vertical facade panels, the space between both boxes (6 in Fig.1.0.6) will be an air chamber in the facade enclosure; a smaller recess (5.1 in Fig.1.0.6) inside the outermost recess, for the collection of possible water that could sneak between the exterior façade panel and the Lateral Beam; in the Extreme Lateral Beam, it will have the recesses at one end to be assembled with the Frontal Beam (1 in Fig.1.0.2.1) and at the other end the recesses to be assembled with the Lateral Beam with upper coupling (1 in Fig.1.0.0.1 ); in the Lower Beam Lateral Beam it will have the recesses at the ends to be assembled with the Superior Beam Side Beams (1 in Fig.l .0.4.1); in the Upper Beam Lateral Beam (Fig. 1.3) and in the Beam Extension (Fig.1.5) will take a box at each end of the beam (3 in Fig.1.0.3.1 and Fig.1.0.5.1) to fit the Central Pillars; one or more boxes in the middle area of the beam (3 in Fig.1.0.3.1 and Fig.1.0.5.1), depending on the number of central pillars that each beam collects.

. Bottom face: all the lateral beams will have a longitudinal recess (5 in Fig.1.0.2.2, Fig.1.0.3.2, Fig.1.0.4.2 and Fig.1.0.5.2) all along, to receive the exterior facade board ; The Extreme Lateral Beam, the Lateral Low Beam and the Prolongation Beam will be spaced at the ends (3 in Fig.1.0.2.2, Fig.1.0.4.2 and Fig.1.0.5.2) for the assembly with the Central Pillars ( in the Extreme Lateral Beam one of the boxes will be for the Corner Pillar); all the lateral beams will carry one or more boxes in the middle area of the beam (3 in Fig.1.0.2.2, Fig.1.0.3.2, Fig.1.0.4.2 and Fig.1.0.5.2) to accommodate the central pillars; The Lateral Top Link Beam will be hollowed at both ends (1 in Fig.1.0.3.2) to be assembled with the Extreme Lateral Beam or the Lateral Low Beam.

. Inside face: all the side beams will have several recesses (the number of them will depend on the length of the beam) to fit in them the slab joists (2 in Fig.1.0.2.2, Fig.1.0.3.2, Fig.1.0 .4.2 and Fig.1.0.5.2) and a longitudinal recess (4 in Fig.1.0.2.2, Fig.1.0.3.2, Fig.1.0.4.2 and Fig.1.0.5.2) over its entire length, whose function will be to support the horizontal slab board.

. Outer face: in the Lateral Beam of Superior hook and in the Beam of Prolongation it will be made in both ends a deeper recess than the 5 of the upper face of the beam (3 in Fig.1.0.3.1 and Fig.1.0.5.1) , so that the Central Pillars fit together (the cajeado is deeper so that the water can not pass between the beam and the corner pillar); in all the Side Beams, one or more recesses will be made deeper than the 5 of the top face in the middle area of the beam (3 in Fig.1.0.2.1, Fig.1.0.3.1, Fig.1.0.4.1 and Fig. 1.0.5.1), so that the central pillars fit together (the cajeado is deeper so that the water can not pass between the vica and the central nillars ^: all the Side Sides will carry some drilling cylindrical (5.2 in Fig.1.0.6) that will connect the outside with the cajeado 5.1 of the superior face, so that it can evacuate the water that could collect.

In all the side floor beams (Fig. 2.2.1, Fig. 2.3.1 and Fig.2.4.1), the pillars for the pillars (3) and the cage for the vertical façade panel are removed on the underside ( 5), as it will go directly to the metal support platform. A lower perimetral recess will be made for the exterior face, to screw a panel that covers and protects the metal structure and the installations that are supported on it from the elements.

Central Pillar (Fig. 1.8) and Corner Pillar (Fig. 1.9) of the wooden structure of the building, manufactured from a rectangular wooden parallelepiped or square, whose length will give the height of the building. These pieces of wood will receive the following cajeados in their faces:

. Longitudinal faces: in the Central Pillar in two longitudinal parallel faces, it will receive a cajeado in all its length (5 in Fig.1.0.8) to fit and screw the vertical front panels; in the Corner Pillar in two perpendicular faces, will receive in each one of them a cajeado in all its length (5 in Fig.1.0.9) to fit and to screw the vertical boards of facade of the corner of the building.

. Pillar heads: in all the heads of the pillars, both upper and lower, the recesses are made (3 in Fig.1.0.8 and Fig.1.0.9) to fit and screw the pillars to the beams and thus perform the structural framework that will be the base of support to incorporate the rest of the components of the construction.

Expansion beams (Fig.1.6 and Fig. 1.7), of the wooden structure of the passage between a building and its extension (Fig.6.15 and Fig.6.16), manufactured from a rectangular wooden parallelepiped, these pieces They are placed on the connecting beams between two metal platforms. The length of the extension beams will mark the length of the passage between a building and its extension. These pieces of wood will receive the following cajeados in their faces:

. Top face: the Floor Expansion Beam (Fig.1.6.) Will receive two recesses along its entire length (5 in Fig.1.0.6.1) to fit later the vertical facade panels, the space between both recesses (6 in Fig.1.0.6) will be an air chamber in the facade enclosure; a smaller recess (5.1 in Fig.1.0.6) inside the outermost recess, for the collection of the possible water that could sneak between the exterior facade panel and the Expansion Beam; a cajeado in each end of the beam (3 in Fig.1.0.6.1) so that they fit the Pillars of Enlargement; one or more boxes in the middle area of the beam (3 in Fig.1.0.6.1), depending on the number of central pillars that the step length has. In the Roof Expansion Beam (Fig.1.7.) The recesses (Fig.1.0.7.1) are removed to receive the pillars (3) and the façade panels (5), since the cover of the step between them will be mounted on them. building volumes.

. Bottom side: the ceiling Amphación Beam (Fig.1.7.) Will take a longitudinal recess (5 in Fig.1.0.7.2) throughout, to accommodate the exterior facade board; it will have holes in the ends (3 in Fig.1.0.7.2) for the assembly with the Amphation Pillars and one or more recesses in the middle area of the beam (3 in Fig.1.0.7.2), depending on the number of central pillars I picked up each beam. In the Floor Amphation Beam (Fig.1.6) the recesses are removed to receive the pillars (3) and the façade panels (5), as it rests directly on the connecting beam of the metal structure.

. Inside face: both the floor and ceiling amphation beam, they will have several recesses (the number of them will depend on the length of the beam) to fit in them the slab joists (2 in Fig.l.0.6.2, Fig.1.0.7.2) and a longitudinal recess (4 in Fig.1.0.6.2, Fig.1.0.7.2) over its entire length, to support the horizontal slab of the slab; the Roof Amphation Beam will have a longitudinal recess in the lower part (5 in Fig.1.0.7.2) to collect the exterior facade board; The Floor Expansion Beam will have at each end a recess that will reach the exterior face (7 in Fig.1.0.6.1 and Fie.1.0.6.2), rare to connect with the ground visas of the buildings that are being connected; The Roof Expansion Beam will have a vertical recess at each end (8 in Fig.1.07.1 and Fig.1.0.7.2) to fit the pillars of the buildings that are connecting.

. Outside face: the Floor Expansion Beam (Fig.1.6) will have a deeper recess than the 5 of the top face in each corner of the beam (3 in Fig.1.0.6.1), so that the Expansion Pillars fit (the cajeado is deeper so that the water can not pass between the beam and the expansion pillar); one or more deeper recesses than the 5th of the upper face in the middle area of the beam (3 in Fig.1.0.6.1), so that the central pillars fit together (the recess is deeper so that the water can not pass between the beam and the central pillars); some cylindrical perforations (5.2 in Fig.1.0.6) that will connect the outside with the cageado 5.1 of the upper face, so that the water that could collect the channel 5.1 can be evacuated; in the lower part it will have a recess in its entire length to screw a panel that covers and protects the metal connecting beam and the installations that are supported on it from the weather. The Roof Expansion Beam (Fig.1.7) eliminates the pillars for pillars (3) and the cajeado for the vertical façade board (5), because the ribs of the roof slope formation will go on the beam. It will be made a perimeter upper cajeado by the external face, to screw to it the sides of the cover, so that it can not enter water from the rain between the perimeter rib and the Roof Expansion Beam (Fig.1.0.7.1) .

Center Expansion Pillar (Fig.1.10) and Corner Expansion Pillar (Fig.1.11) of the wooden structure of the passage between a building and its extension (Fig.6.15 and Fig.6.16), manufactured from a parallelepiped wood of rectangular section, whose length will give the height of the step that connects two buildings. These pieces of wood will receive the following cajeados in their faces:

. Longitudinal faces: the Central Expansion Pillar will receive on the outside face a recess along its entire length (8 in Fig.1.0.10.1) where it will fit and be screwed to the Central Pillar of the building that is being extended; on the inside face it will have a recess along its entire length (5 in Fig.1.0.10.2) on which it will fit and screw the façade panel of the volume of passage. The corner pillar will receive on the outside face a recess along its entire length (8 in Fig.1.0.11.1) where it will fit and be screwed to the Corner Pillar of the building that is being extended.

. Pillar heads: in all the heads of the pillars, both upper and lower, the recesses are made (3 in Fig.1.0.10 and Fig.1.0.11) to be able to fit and screw the pillars to the extension beams to be able make the structural framework of the volume of passage, which will be the base of support to incorporate the rest of the components of the construction.

Claim 9

Building process for buildings with prefabricated structure, according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7 and 8, characterized in that the beams have on the upper and lower face and the pillars on their heads are recessed so that they can be assembled the beams and pillars together and form the structural framework of the building. These recesses may have a variation of the shape between the three sides of a triangle to the infinite sides of a circle (Fig.2.5).

Claim 10.

Building process for building buildings with prefabricated structure, according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7 and 8, characterized in that the Central Pillar H of the wooden structure of the building will receive a full length cajeado giving a form of H to give another alternative of assembly, placing the front panels from above, before the upper beams are placed, acting the pillar as a guide until the front panels rest on the ground beam (1.12).