ES1272154U - MODULAR BUILDING IN EXPANDABLE, REMOVABLE AND REUSABLE HEIGHT MADE UP OF PREFABRICATED ELEMENTS (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

MODULAR BUILDING IN EXPANDABLE, REMOVABLE AND REUSABLE HEIGHT MADE UP OF PREFABRICATED ELEMENTS (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) Download PDF

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Publication number
ES1272154U
ES1272154U ES202130951U ES202130951U ES1272154U ES 1272154 U ES1272154 U ES 1272154U ES 202130951 U ES202130951 U ES 202130951U ES 202130951 U ES202130951 U ES 202130951U ES 1272154 U ES1272154 U ES 1272154U
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Prior art keywords
modular
removable
prefabricated elements
expandable
reusable
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Granted
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ES202130951U
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Spanish (es)
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ES1272154Y (en
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Novillo Rafael Rodriguez
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IND METALICAS ANRO S L
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IND METALICAS ANRO S L
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Priority to ES202130951U priority Critical patent/ES1272154Y/en
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Priority to EP22172197.0A priority patent/EP4089244A1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E04B1/34807—Elements integrated in a skeleton
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
    • E04B2001/2406—Connection nodes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
    • E04B2001/2415—Brackets, gussets, joining plates
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
    • E04B2001/2448—Connections between open section profiles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
    • E04B2001/2454—Connections between open and closed section profiles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
    • E04B2001/2457—Beam to beam connections

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Residential Or Office Buildings (AREA)

Abstract

Building (1) modular in height expandable, removable and reusable made up of prefabricated elements; characterized by comprising: -A modular structure (2), comprising columns (3), beams (4), and quick coupling nodes (5) to join the columns (3) and the beams (4), and -Self-supporting modules (6) of dimensions greater than the span between beams (4) of the modular structure (2). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

DESCRIPCIÓNDESCRIPTION

EDIFICACIÓN MODULAR EN ALTURA AMPLIABLE, DESMONTABLE Y REUTILIZABLE MODULAR BUILDING IN EXPANDABLE, REMOVABLE AND REUSABLE HEIGHT

CONFORMADA POR ELEMENTOS PREFABRICADOSFORMED BY PREFABRICATED ELEMENTS

OBJETO DE LA INVENCIÓNOBJECT OF THE INVENTION

La presente invención se refiere a una edificación modular en altura, ampliable, desmontable y reutilizable conformada por elementos prefabricados, utilizable en la construcción, preferentemente, de espacios habitables (viviendas, hoteles, alojamientos, residencias, etc.).The present invention refers to a modular building in height, expandable, removable and reusable made up of prefabricated elements, usable in the construction, preferably, of habitable spaces (houses, hotels, lodgings, residences, etc.).

ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓNBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

En la actualidad se conocen edificaciones con elementos prefabricados, que normalmente se parecen a la edificación tradicional, con levantamiento de una estructura fija e inamovible en el tiempo con la única opción de remoción mediante demolición, sobre la cual se fijan a su vez los elementos prefabricados, que suelen ser placas de cerramiento exterior o divisiones interiores (incluyendo en las mismas a los tabiques de cartón-yeso por ejemplo).At present, buildings with prefabricated elements are known, which normally resemble traditional buildings, with the erection of a fixed and immovable structure in time with the only option of removal by demolition, on which the prefabricated elements are in turn fixed. , which are usually exterior cladding plates or interior divisions (including plasterboard partitions for example).

Si bien la introducción de elementos prefabricados ha agilizado el proceso constructivo, por ejemplo no hay más que ver cómo se ha cuasi universalizado la utilización de divisiones interiores de cartón-yeso, frente a la fábrica tradicional de ladrillo a pesar de su mayor coste, el procedimiento de construcción sigue pareciéndose mucho al tradicional, ya que solo algunos elementos prefabricados se incorporan en el proceso, ocasionando, además una edificación estable (no desmontable).Although the introduction of prefabricated elements has streamlined the construction process, for example, we only have to see how the use of interior plasterboard partitions has become almost universal, compared to the traditional brick factory despite its higher cost, the The construction procedure continues to be very similar to the traditional one, since only some prefabricated elements are incorporated into the process, also causing a stable building (not removable).

Igualmente se conoce la materialización de espacios habitables mediante módulos prefabricados, por ejemplo casetas de obra, pero que en definitiva se trata de elementos aislados de pequeño tamaño, que no se pueden considerar en sí mismos edificaciones como tales, pero que en sí presentan la ventaja de su facilidad de transporte y reutilización y de su fabricación en planta, no in situ. Likewise, the realization of habitable spaces through prefabricated modules, for example construction huts, is known, but that in short they are isolated elements of small size, which cannot be considered in themselves buildings as such, but which in themselves have the advantage of its ease of transport and reuse and of its manufacture in plant, not in situ.

Por parte del solicitante se desconoce la posible existencia de edificaciones, como tales, realizadas íntegramente con elementos prefabricados como la que se describe en la presente invención, teniendo su valor agregado y diferencial de las actuales, en que son modulares, ampliables, desmontables y reutilizables en cualquier otro lugar.The applicant does not know the possible existence of buildings, as such, made entirely with prefabricated elements such as the one described in the present invention, having their added value and differential from the current ones, in that they are modular, expandable, removable and reusable. anywhere else.

DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓNDESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

La edificación modular en altura ampliable, desmontable y reutilizable conformada por elementos prefabricados de la invención comprende, en su definición más genérica:The modular, extendable, removable and reusable height building made up of prefabricated elements of the invention comprises, in its most generic definition:

-una estructura modular, que comprende pilares, vigas, y nudos de enganche rápido (esto es, que tienen medios de montaje desmontable por encaje, sin soldaduras) para unión entre los pilares y las vigas, y-a modular structure, comprising columns, beams, and quick coupling nodes (that is, having removable mounting means by fitting, without welding) for joining the columns and beams, and

-unos módulos autoportantes (que en sí mismos tienen una configuración portante o estructural adecuada para soportar cargas propias y cargas de uso, apoyados en la estructura modular) de dimensiones mayores que la luz entre vigas de la estructura modular (al menos en una de las dos direcciones principales en planta), para apoyar en las mismas.-Self-supporting modules (which in themselves have a bearing or structural configuration suitable for supporting their own loads and use loads, supported by the modular structure) of dimensions greater than the span between the beams of the modular structure (at least in one of the two main directions on the ground), to support them.

De este modo, tras realizar una cimentación in situ de la que arrancan los primeros tramos de los pilares -que es la única parte no desmontable de la estructura- se puede montar el resto de elementos de la estructura de pórticos ortogonales rígidos. Sobre las vigas de esta estructura modular se irán colocando los módulos habitables prefabricados terminados, y la cubierta, en su caso provista de placas fotovoltaicas si se desea para autoconsumo del edificio. La última fase corresponde a la conexión de instalaciones a través de huecos entre módulos y terminación de huecos de fachada.In this way, after creating an in situ foundation from which the first sections of the pillars start - which is the only non-removable part of the structure - the rest of the elements of the structure of rigid orthogonal frames can be assembled. On the beams of this modular structure, the finished prefabricated habitable modules will be placed, and the roof, where appropriate, provided with photovoltaic panels if desired for the building's self-consumption. The last phase corresponds to the connection of facilities through gaps between modules and the completion of gaps in the façade.

Así, se consigue una edificación industrializada, esto es, prefabricable en fabrica, con gran ahorro de costes y que además presenta las siguientes ventajas:Thus, an industrialized building is achieved, that is, it is prefabricated in the factory, with great cost savings and which also has the following advantages:

-es modular,-it is modular,

-es ampliable,-It is expandable,

-es desmontable, y-is removable, and

-es reutilizable.-It is reusable.

La fabricación en planta, tanto de los módulos como de la estructura portante, permite una reducción en los plazos de ejecución, un control de calidad más exhaustivo y una reducción de accidentes, ruidos y residuos respecto de un sistema tradicional. Un punto de los más importantes es esta reducción de los tiempos de fabricación y montaje, que implica una ventaja competitiva con respecto al sistema tradicional.The manufacturing in plant, both of the modules and of the supporting structure, allows a reduction in execution times, a more exhaustive quality control and a reduction in accidents, noise and waste compared to a traditional system. One of the most important points is this reduction in manufacturing and assembly times, which implies a competitive advantage over the traditional system.

Además, la construcción en seco en fábrica y con materiales más eficientes permite conseguir viviendas más ecológicas. En la cubierta del edificio, como se ha indicado, se pueden disponer instalaciones fotovoltaicas que reduzcan el gasto eléctrico, y dadas las características de la invención y la facilidad de conexión de los módulos, el edificio es fácilmente ampliable tanto en planta como en altura, y de la misma manera es viable el desmontaje y reutilización en otra ubicación.In addition, the dry construction in the factory and with more efficient materials allows to achieve more ecological homes. On the roof of the building, as has been indicated, photovoltaic installations can be arranged that reduce electricity consumption, and given the characteristics of the invention and the ease of connection of the modules, the building is easily expandable both in plant and in height, and in the same way, disassembly and reuse in another location is feasible.

Con la edificación de la invención se pueden materializar edificios de diferentes usos como: viviendas, hoteles, residencias, etc.With the construction of the invention, buildings for different uses such as: homes, hotels, residences, etc. can be materialized.

DESCRIPCIÓN DE LOS DIBUJOSDESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

La figura 1.- Muestra una vista de la disposición de vigas de un forjado base de un módulo tipo de la edificación de la invención.Figure 1.- Shows a view of the beam arrangement of a base slab of a typical module of the building of the invention.

La figura 2.- Muestra una vista explotada de los elementos principales de un módulo tipo de la edificación de la invención, y un detalle ampliado de un cerramiento perimetral vertical.Figure 2.- Shows an exploded view of the main elements of a typical module of the building of the invention, and an enlarged detail of a vertical perimeter enclosure.

La figura 3.- Muestra una vista de una edificación modular realizada según la invención.Figure 3.- Shows a view of a modular building made according to the invention.

La figura 4.- Muestra una vista de un encuentro en pilar de la estructura modular de la edificación de la invención y una ampliación de una zona del mismo.Figure 4.- Shows a view of a pillar meeting of the modular structure of the building of the invention and an enlargement of an area of the same.

La figura 5.- Muestra una vista de un encuentro intermedio de una viga con otra, sin pilar, de la estructura modular de la edificación de la invención.Figure 5.- Shows a view of an intermediate meeting of one beam with another, without a pillar, of the modular structure of the building of the invention.

Las figuras 6, 7 y 8.- Muestran sendos ejemplos de distribución interior de módulos de la edificación de la invención. Figures 6, 7 and 8.- They show respective examples of interior distribution of modules of the building of the invention.

REALIZACIÓN PREFERENTE DE LA INVENCIÓNPREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

La edificación (1) modular en altura ampliable, desmontable y reutilizable conformada por elementos prefabricados (ver fig 3) de la invención comprende:The modular building (1) in height expandable, removable and reusable made up of prefabricated elements (see fig 3) of the invention comprises:

-una estructura modular (2), que comprende pilares (3), vigas (4), y nudos (5) de enganche rápido para unión entre los pilares (3) y las vigas (4), y-a modular structure (2), comprising pillars (3), beams (4), and quick coupling nodes (5) to join the pillars (3) and the beams (4), and

-unos módulos (6) autoportantes de dimensiones mayores que la luz entre vigas (4) de la estructura modular (2) (al menos en una de las dos direcciones principales en planta), para apoyar en las mismas.-some self-supporting modules (6) of dimensions greater than the span between beams (4) of the modular structure (2) (at least in one of the two main directions in plan), to support them.

Es necesario mencionar que toda la estructura va calculada y las vigas y pilares pueden variar de dimensión según altura.It is necessary to mention that the entire structure is calculated and the beams and pillars can vary in dimension according to height.

En una realización muy preferente de la estructura modular (2), los nudos (5) de enganche rápido comprenden (ver figs. 4 y 5):In a highly preferred embodiment of the modular structure (2), the quick coupling nodes (5) comprise (see figs. 4 and 5):

-unas pletinas (50) horizontales salientes de cada cara de los pilares (3), o en caras opuestas de las vigas (4), en alturas correspondientes a cada nivel de piso de la estructura modular (2), y provistas de unos rebajes superiores u orificios (51), y-some horizontal plates (50) protruding from each face of the pillars (3), or on opposite faces of the beams (4), at heights corresponding to each floor level of the modular structure (2), and provided with recesses upper or holes (51), and

-unas alas (52) de apoyo en dichas pletinas (50), salientes de los extremos de cada viga (4), y provistas de unos salientes inferiores (53) de acoplamiento en los rebajes superiores u orificios (51) de las pletinas (50). Esto permite que, con simple apoyo y encaje de los salientes inferiores (53) en los orificios (51) se rigidice la estructura. Buscando potenciar este efecto, se prefiere que cada nudo (5) comprenda dos pletinas (50) horizontales salientes por cada cara vertical (30) de cada pilar (3) o viga (4), y dos alas (52) de apoyo correspondientes salientes del extremo de cada viga (4). De este modo, las alas (52) (y sus salientes) están en continuidad con las alas propias de las vigas, solidarizando dichas alas a las pletinas y rigidizando la estructura sin necesidad de soldaduras. Además, se disponen uniones atornilladas (54) entre las pletinas (50) y las alas (52) para aumentar la rigidez.- Some support wings (52) on said plates (50), projecting from the ends of each beam (4), and provided with lower projections (53) for coupling in the upper recesses or holes (51) of the plates ( fifty). This allows that, simply by supporting and fitting the lower projections (53) in the holes (51), the structure is stiffened. In order to enhance this effect, it is preferred that each node (5) comprises two horizontal plates (50) projecting for each vertical face (30) of each pillar (3) or beam (4), and two corresponding support wings (52). from the end of each beam (4). In this way, the wings (52) (and their projections) are in continuity with the wings of the beams, integrating said wings to the plates and stiffening the structure without the need for welding. In addition, bolted joints (54) are provided between the plates (50) and the wings (52) to increase rigidity.

Por su parte, la materialización preferente de cada módulo (6) comprenderá (ver figs. 1 y 2): -un forjado de base (60) que comprende vigas longitudinales inferiores (61) (rectas y/o quebradas) unidas por vigas transversales inferiores (62) y la correspondiente capa de compresión de hormigón,For its part, the preferred materialization of each module (6) will comprise (see figs. 1 and 2): -a base slab (60) comprising lower longitudinal beams (61) (straight and / or broken) joined by transverse beams lower (62) and the corresponding concrete compression layer,

-unas vigas longitudinales superiores (64) unidas por vigas transversales superiores (65), -unos pilaretes (66) que se encuentran unidos a las vigas longitudinales inferiores (61) y a las vigas longitudinales superiores (64), y-some upper longitudinal beams (64) joined by upper transverse beams (65), -some pilarets (66) that are attached to the lower longitudinal beams (61) and to the upper longitudinal beams (64), and

-unos cerramientos perimetrales (67a, 67b) y superior (68);-some perimeter enclosures (67a, 67b) and higher (68);

-en cuyos cerramientos perimetrales (67a, 67b) se encuentran practicados huecos (69a, 69b) de paso, iluminación y ventilación. Esta configuración resulta fácil de fabricar en escala, replicando la disposición de las vigas longitudinales inferiores y superiores y con una buena resistencia portante. Los cerramientos perimetrales (67a, 67b) y superior (68) se realizarán con varias capas con aislamiento y tabiquería seca. Se prefiere la utilización de panel sándwich por su ligereza, facilidad de ensamblaje, buen acabado y facilidad de corte y manipulación, y óptimas cualidades de aislamiento. En particular, se prefiere que los cerramientos perimetrales (67a, 67b) y superior (68) comprendan una o más capas (7) de paneles sándwich fijados a perfilería intermedia (8a) unida a las vigas (61, 62, 64, 65) y/o pilaretes (66) del módulo para facilitar el montaje y ofrecer una doble capa de cerramiento.-in whose perimeter enclosures (67a, 67b) there are holes (69a, 69b) for passage, lighting and ventilation. This configuration is easy to scale, replicating the arrangement of the upper and lower longitudinal beams and with good bearing strength. The perimeter enclosures (67a, 67b) and upper (68) will be made with several layers with insulation and dry partitions. The use of sandwich panel is preferred for its lightness, ease of assembly, good finish and ease of cutting and handling, and excellent insulation qualities. In particular, it is preferred that the perimeter enclosures (67a, 67b) and upper (68) comprise one or more layers (7) of sandwich panels fixed to intermediate profiles (8a) attached to the beams (61, 62, 64, 65) and / or pilaretes (66) of the module to facilitate assembly and offer a double layer of closure.

Se prefiere (ver figs. 6 y 7) la disposición de los huecos de iluminación y ventilación (69a) en los cerramientos perimetrales menores (67a), ya que así se pueden colocar los módulos paralelamente con estos huecos orientados al exterior, y además es posible disponer huecos intermedios (69b) en los cerramientos perimetrales mayores (67b) para paso (comunicación entre módulos adyacentes o para acceso exterior).The arrangement of the lighting and ventilation holes (69a) in the smaller perimeter enclosures (67a) is preferred (see figs. 6 and 7), since this way the modules can be placed in parallel with these holes facing the outside, and it is also It is possible to arrange intermediate gaps (69b) in the larger perimeter enclosures (67b) for passage (communication between adjacent modules or for external access).

También se prefiere la disposición en los módulos (6) de, al menos, un estrechamiento (8) intermedio para el paso de los elementos verticales de las estructura y patinillos de instalaciones.The arrangement in the modules (6) of at least one intermediate constriction (8) for the passage of the vertical elements of the structure and installation skids is also preferred.

La disposición habitable más usual para la disposición de huecos antedicha comprenderá disponer en el centro del módulo (6) las estancias de baño, almacenaje y/o instalaciones, y en los extremos los espacios habitables (así tienen más luz natural, se consigue ventilación cruzada, privacidad y vistas). Además, se puede disponer una terraza en uno o ambos extremos de los módulos.The most common habitable arrangement for the aforementioned arrangement of openings will comprise arranging in the center of the module (6) the bathroom, storage and / or facilities rooms, and at the ends the habitable spaces (thus they have more natural light, cross ventilation is achieved , privacy and views). In addition, a terrace can be arranged at one or both ends of the modules.

Descrita suficientemente la naturaleza de la invención, se indica que la descripción de la misma y de su forma de realización preferente debe interpretarse de modo no limitativo, y que abarca la totalidad de las posibles variantes de realización que se deduzcan del contenido de la presente memoria y de las reivindicaciones. Having sufficiently described the nature of the invention, it is indicated that the description of the invention and its preferred embodiment should be interpreted in a non-limiting manner, and that it encompasses all of the possible embodiment variants that may be deduced from the content of this report. and claims.

Claims (12)

REIVINDICACIONES 1.-Edificación (1) modular en altura ampliable, desmontable y reutilizable conformada por elementos prefabricados; caracterizada por que comprende:1.-Building (1) modular in height expandable, removable and reusable made up of prefabricated elements; characterized by comprising: -Una estructura modular (2), que comprende pilares (3), vigas (4), y nudos (5) de enganche rápido para unión entre los pilares (3) y las vigas (4), y-A modular structure (2), comprising pillars (3), beams (4), and quick coupling nodes (5) to join the pillars (3) and the beams (4), and -Unos módulos (6) autoportantes de dimensiones mayores que la luz entre vigas (4) de la estructura modular (2).-Self-supporting modules (6) of dimensions greater than the span between beams (4) of the modular structure (2). 2. -Edificación (1) modular en altura ampliable, desmontable y reutilizable conformada por elementos prefabricados según reivindicación 1, donde los nudos (5) de enganche rápido comprenden:2. -Edification (1) modular in height expandable, removable and reusable made up of prefabricated elements according to claim 1, where the knots (5) of quick coupling comprise: -unas pletinas (50) horizontales salientes de cada cara de los pilares (3), o en caras opuestas de las vigas (4), en alturas correspondientes a cada nivel de piso de la estructura modular (2), y provistas de unos rebajes superiores u orificios (51), y-some horizontal plates (50) protruding from each face of the pillars (3), or on opposite faces of the beams (4), at heights corresponding to each floor level of the modular structure (2), and provided with recesses upper or holes (51), and -unas alas (52) de apoyo en dichas pletinas (50), salientes de los extremos de cada viga (4), y provistas de unos salientes inferiores (53) de acoplamiento en los rebajes superiores u orificios (51) de las pletinas (50).- Some support wings (52) on said plates (50), projecting from the ends of each beam (4), and provided with lower projections (53) for coupling in the upper recesses or holes (51) of the plates ( fifty). 3. -Edificación (1) modular en altura ampliable, desmontable y reutilizable conformada por elementos prefabricados según reivindicación 2, donde cada nudo (5) comprende dos pletinas (50) horizontales salientes por cada cara vertical (30) de cada pilar (3) o viga (4), y dos alas (52) de apoyo correspondientes salientes del extremo de cada viga (4).3. -Edification (1) modular in height expandable, removable and reusable made up of prefabricated elements according to claim 2, where each node (5) comprises two horizontal plates (50) protruding from each vertical face (30) of each pillar (3) or beam (4), and two corresponding support wings (52) projecting from the end of each beam (4). 4. -Edificación (1) modular en altura ampliable, desmontable y reutilizable conformada por elementos prefabricados según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 2 o 3, donde se disponen uniones atornilladas (54) entre las pletinas (50) y las alas (52).4. -Edification (1) modular in height expandable, removable and reusable made up of prefabricated elements according to any of claims 2 or 3, where screwed joints (54) are arranged between the plates (50) and the wings (52). 5. -Edificación (1) modular en altura ampliable, desmontable y reutilizable conformada por elementos prefabricados según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, donde cada módulo (6) comprende:5. -Education (1) modular in height expandable, removable and reusable made up of prefabricated elements according to any of the preceding claims, where each module (6) comprises: -un forjado de base (60) que comprende vigas longitudinales inferiores (61) unidas por vigas transversales inferiores (62) y la correspondiente capa de compresión,-a base slab (60) comprising lower longitudinal beams (61) joined by lower transverse beams (62) and the corresponding compression layer, -unas vigas longitudinales superiores (64) unidas por vigas transversales superiores (65), -unos pilaretes (66) que se encuentran unidos a las vigas longitudinales inferiores (61) y a las vigas longitudinales superiores (64), y-some upper longitudinal beams (64) joined by upper transverse beams (65), -some pilarets (66) that are attached to the lower longitudinal beams (61) and to the upper longitudinal beams (64), and -unos cerramientos perimetrales (67a, 67b) y superior (68);-some perimeter enclosures (67a, 67b) and higher (68); -en cuyos cerramientos perimetrales (67a, 67b) se encuentran practicados huecos (69a, 69b) de paso, iluminación y ventilación.-in whose perimeter enclosures (67a, 67b) there are holes (69a, 69b) for passage, lighting and ventilation. 6. -Edificación (1) modular en altura ampliable, desmontable y reutilizable conformada por elementos prefabricados según reivindicación 5, donde los cerramientos perimetrales (67a, 67b) y superior (68) se encuentran materializados en panel sándwich.6. -Edification (1) modular in height expandable, removable and reusable made up of prefabricated elements according to claim 5, where the perimeter enclosures (67a, 67b) and upper (68) are materialized in sandwich panel. 7. -Edificación (1) modular en altura ampliable, desmontable y reutilizable conformada por elementos prefabricados según reivindicación 6, donde los cerramientos perimetrales (67a, 67b) y superior (68) comprenden una o más capas (7) de paneles sándwich fijados a perfilería intermedia (8a) unida a las vigas (61,65) del módulo.7. -Edification (1) modular in height expandable, removable and reusable made up of prefabricated elements according to claim 6, where the perimeter enclosures (67a, 67b) and upper (68) comprise one or more layers (7) of sandwich panels fixed to intermediate profiles (8a) joined to the beams (61,65) of the module. 8. -Edificación (1) modular en altura ampliable, desmontable y reutilizable conformada por elementos prefabricados según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 5 a 7, donde los cerramientos perimetrales menores (67a) comprenden huecos de iluminación y ventilación (69a).8. -Edification (1) modular in height expandable, removable and reusable made up of prefabricated elements according to any of claims 5 to 7, where the minor perimeter enclosures (67a) comprise lighting and ventilation holes (69a). 9. -Edificación (1) modular en altura ampliable, desmontable y reutilizable conformada por elementos prefabricados según reivindicación 8, donde los cerramientos perimetrales mayores (67b) comprenden huecos intermedios (69b) de paso.9. -Edification (1) modular in height expandable, removable and reusable made up of prefabricated elements according to claim 8, where the larger perimeter enclosures (67b) comprise intermediate gaps (69b) for passage. 10. -Edificación (1) modular en altura ampliable, desmontable y reutilizable conformada por elementos prefabricados según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, donde los módulos (6) comprenden, al menos, un estrechamiento (8) intermedio para el paso de los elementos verticales de las estructura y patinillos de instalaciones.10. -Edification (1) modular in height expandable, removable and reusable made up of prefabricated elements according to any of the preceding claims, where the modules (6) comprise, at least, an intermediate narrowing (8) for the passage of the vertical elements of the structure and installation skids. 11.-Edificación (1) modular en altura ampliable, desmontable y reutilizable conformada por elementos prefabricados según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, donde en el centro del módulo (6) se encuentran dispuestas las estancias de baño, almacenaje y/o instalaciones, y en los extremos los espacios habitables. 11.-Modular building (1) in expandable, removable and reusable height made up of prefabricated elements according to any of the preceding claims, where in the center of the module (6) the bathroom, storage and / or facilities rooms are arranged, and at the ends the living spaces. 12.-Edificación (1) modular en altura ampliable, desmontable y reutilizable conformada por elementos prefabricados según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, que comprende una terraza en uno o ambos extremos. 12. Building (1) expandable modular in height, removable and reusable composed of prefabricated elements according to any of the preceding claims, comprising a deck at one or both ends.
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