WO2015007796A2 - Construction block and wall made up of at least two such superimposed blocks - Google Patents

Construction block and wall made up of at least two such superimposed blocks Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015007796A2
WO2015007796A2 PCT/EP2014/065300 EP2014065300W WO2015007796A2 WO 2015007796 A2 WO2015007796 A2 WO 2015007796A2 EP 2014065300 W EP2014065300 W EP 2014065300W WO 2015007796 A2 WO2015007796 A2 WO 2015007796A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
block
wall
face
notch
construction
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2014/065300
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2015007796A3 (en
Inventor
Dominique Rossi
Original Assignee
Dominique Rossi
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dominique Rossi filed Critical Dominique Rossi
Priority to MYPI2016000064A priority Critical patent/MY187065A/en
Priority to EP14742189.5A priority patent/EP3022362B1/en
Priority to TN2016000016A priority patent/TN2016000016A1/en
Priority to SG11201600314YA priority patent/SG11201600314YA/en
Priority to CA2918360A priority patent/CA2918360A1/en
Priority to US14/905,633 priority patent/US20160160468A1/en
Publication of WO2015007796A2 publication Critical patent/WO2015007796A2/en
Publication of WO2015007796A3 publication Critical patent/WO2015007796A3/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
    • E02D29/025—Retaining or protecting walls made up of similar modular elements stacked without mortar
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
    • E02D29/0225—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill
    • E02D29/0241—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill the retention means being reinforced earth elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a building block and a wall wall composed of at least two such superimposed blocks.
  • this wall wall can serve as a retaining wall with the possibility of integrating or recesses through the building blocks of said wall, these recesses can for example receive soil in order to plant plant elements covering .
  • a wall wall acting as a retaining wall can be several meters high.
  • This wall can also be used to make different buildings such as a stepped wall, a riverbank development, a protection merlon or merlon noise.
  • the problem underlying the present invention is to consolidate the bonding between two building blocks of a wall wall so that this connection can effectively withstand various stresses imposed on it, including a different horizontal thrust exerted on building blocks superimposed on one another or with each other.
  • a building block intended to be superimposed on at least one similar building block, said block comprising an upper face, a lower face, a front face, a rear face and faces.
  • longitudinal and at least one cell the at least one cell passing through the block from its lower face to its upper face and being delimited by solid longitudinal and transverse walls whose intersections form wedge areas of cell
  • said block of construction comprising at least one notch protruding beyond the lower face and configured to allow a fastening with the similar building block, characterized in that it comprises a beam to at least one cell corner zone, the beam traversing the block from its lower face to its upper face and extending, in a first direction of its cross section, on a portion of a longitudinal wall, and in a second direction of its cross section on a portion of a transverse wall, the at least one notch being formed by one end of the beam.
  • the beam thus formed is a mechanical reinforcing element projecting inside a cell at a corner of intersection of two walls delimiting said
  • the relative blocking function of the block with respect to other blocks is achieved, at least in part, by at least one beam which is an additional structural element.
  • the beam also serves to reinforce the cohesion of the walls of the block at the corner which is an area of discontinuity, and therefore of concentration of mechanical stresses.
  • the walls are not involved and are not likely to be degraded.
  • the block has increased resistance at stress concentration areas that are the corners of cells.
  • the notches arranged at the level of the beams have a better resistance, in particular in shear, relative to notches protruding along the thickness of the walls of the block.
  • the beams perform at the same time as the notches, mechanical assemblies associating, in a manner similar to a triangulation, the transverse and longitudinal walls.
  • each cell of the first group comprising a beam, the beams being symmetrical relative to the inner longitudinal wall.
  • the beams of the cells of the first group are located on cell corner areas located near opposite longitudinal faces.
  • It comprises, immediately behind its front face, a central cavity passing through said block and comprising two beams on cell corner areas located near opposite longitudinal faces.
  • the two beams of the central cavity extend on a transverse wall located at the rear of the central cavity relative to the front face, and the two beams of the cells of the first group extend on a transverse wall located at the front of the first group of cells relative to the front face.
  • the second group has no beam.
  • the longitudinal walls are thicker than the transverse walls.
  • Each notch has a substantially rectangular or square section.
  • the rear face comprises at least one rear beam with an end projecting beyond the lower face forming a rear notch.
  • the front has, projecting on its edge on the underside, a notch front.
  • the projecting heights of the notches, the at least one rear notch and the front notch are identical.
  • the invention also relates to a wall wall, characterized in that it is formed of at least two such building blocks, an upper building block being superimposed on at least one lower block of similar construction, at least one notch of the block respectively higher or lower penetrating and advantageously producing a support in a cell of the block respectively lower or higher.
  • the wall wall incorporates, between two superimposed building blocks, a geogrid having meshes, each notch of the upper building block being shaped to penetrate into one of the meshes of said grid.
  • At least one block of the wall is secured to at least one similar block adjacent and arranged at the same level, tenon and mortise type fastening means being provided between at least two adjacent blocks.
  • the wall wall comprises at least two adjacent lower blocks, the same superimposed block covering at least partially the two adjacent lower blocks.
  • the superimposed block is shifted by being retracting or projecting with respect to the lower block (s).
  • the at least two blocks of the same level are offset relative to each other so that their front faces form a non-rectilinear front.
  • the superimposed upper block has an inclination with respect to the lower block (s).
  • the building block comprises a front notch projecting on the edge of its front face located on the lower face, the open notch being configured to be applied by its flanks on the wall of the front face of the lower building block .
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a perspective bottom view of a building block according to a first embodiment of the present invention, this figure showing in particular the notches for joining the block with at least one similar block on which it is superimposed,
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a bottom view of the building block according to FIG. 1 and in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of a perspective bottom view of a building block according to FIG. a second embodiment of the present invention, this second form differing essentially from the first form by the configuration of the front face,
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of a bottom view of a wall wall according to the present invention, said wall wall being constituted by the superposition of two levels of building blocks, each superimposed building block being mounted overlapping on two lower building blocks,
  • Figure 5 is a schematic representation of a top view of a wall wall with blocks organized in levels with a fruit
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic representation revealing the ability of the blocks to stack at 90 ° stably despite the notches, for example for palletizing.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates in a similar way to FIG. 6 a stack in parallel superposition of the blocks, for example for a palletization
  • Figure 8 shows a wall in which a geogrid cooperates with the blocks.
  • FIG. 11 shows a block variant according to the invention
  • Figures 12 to 16 show examples revealing the multiplicity of assemblies achievable by the block of the invention, examples illustrated with the block of Figure 1 1.
  • Figures 1 and 2 show a building block 1 according to a first embodiment of the invention, while Figure 3 shows a second embodiment of the invention.
  • Figures 1 and 2 show a building block 1 according to a first embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 3 shows a second embodiment of the invention.
  • the block 1 of construction is intended to be superimposed on at least a similar building block, to achieve a wall that can be used for example retaining wall.
  • the means for securing in the form of notches are formed on the lower face of the blocks, in order to cooperate, in superposition, with cells of lower blocks.
  • the orientation of the block 1 can, however, be reversed with the underside facing the height so that the notches protrude upwards.
  • the adjective "inferior” must therefore be understood without limitation relative to the orientation that will be given to the block during assembly to cooperate with superimposed blocks.
  • the blocks therefore have two potential orientations, notches up or notches down.
  • Block 1 of construction is of substantially parallelepiped shape but this is not mandatory, said block 1 may also have another shape with for example a triangular longitudinal section or a trapezoidal shape.
  • Block 1 comprises a front face 8 and a rear face 10 joined by an upper face, a lower face and longitudinal faces.
  • the upper and lower faces are hollow by having at least one internal hollow portion.
  • the front face 8 of the block 1 has been modified to not exactly correspond to one side of the parallelepiped. This feature is not essential, the block 1 may also have the exact shape of a parallelepiped, will be described in more detail later.
  • the upper and lower faces are plane and parallel to each other.
  • the entire block 1 is advantageously made in one piece, including the beams 1 1 described below in detail, that is to say in one piece of a single material.
  • Block 1 comprises cells 2 whose number is not limited. It preferably has a first group of cells and a central cell 7 which are equipped with beams 1 1 described below.
  • the internal hollow portion is formed by two groups of two cells 2, each of the cells 2 completely passing through the block 1 from its lower face to its upper face, the two groups being delimited by longitudinal and transverse walls 3 4 full.
  • the four cells 2 are arranged in two consecutive groups in the length of the block 1, the two groups being separated by a common transverse wall 12.
  • a block 1 according to the present invention may contain one or more cells 2 of different shapes and with a different distribution than that illustrated in Figures 1 to 3.
  • Each of the two groups of cavities 2 occupies the greater part of the width of the building block 1, leaving as solid portions in said block 1 only the two longitudinal sides 3 delimiting a group of cavities 2 on each longitudinal side of the block 1 and an inner longitudinal wall 6 between two cells 2 of the same group.
  • the two groups of cells 2 advantageously occupy two thirds of the length of the block 1, essentially the middle and rear portions of said block 1, the front portion of said block 1 may comprise a recess 7, as will be seen more precisely later.
  • securing means comprise notches 5 protruding from the upper block in the direction of its height, each of the notches 5 being associated with a respective cell 2 carried by the lower block and being disposed on the lower face of the block 1.
  • the notches are arranged to allow various relative mounting configurations of the blocks 1 and are, according to the invention, typically constituted to provide high mechanical strength.
  • the notches 5 are each constituted by an end of a beam 1 1.
  • An example of beams 1 1 is given, with for example, a square section, in Figures 1 to 3.
  • the beams 1 1 extend along the height of the block, between the upper face and the lower face, and are placed in a cell 2. More specifically, each beam 1 1 is located in a cell corner zone, that is to say say at the location of an intersection between a longitudinal wall and a transverse wall delimiting said cell 2.
  • the corner areas are substantially at right angles but this case is not limiting.
  • the beam 1 1 cooperates both with a transverse wall and with the corresponding longitudinal wall, being in their continuity inside the cell 2.
  • the beams 1 1 are reinforcing portions of the cell corners 2 offering better resistance.
  • the thickness of certain walls, in particular of transverse walls may be reduced, for example to between 50% and 80% of the thickness of the longitudinal walls 3.
  • Form the notches 5 in the distal zone of the beams 1 1 is advantageous because it offers great resistance. This also allows to benefit from areas of important section for the notches. In addition, in case of breakage of a notch 5, it does not degrade the longitudinal and transverse walls of the block 1.
  • the section of the beams 1 1 is for example configured to have, in length and width, a dimension between 60 and 140% of the thickness of the longitudinal walls 3. In general, it is arranged for the beams 1 1 occupy less than 50% of the corresponding internal dimension of the cell 2 in which it is placed.
  • the notch which is in the extension of a beam does not extend laterally beyond the surface of the beam so that the forces supported by the notch are transmitted to the rest of the block only via the beam .
  • the block 1 first comprises two beams 1 1 each in a cell 2 of the first group of cells, here towards the rear face 10 of the block 1.
  • the beams equip corner zones situated forward, that is to say, the most towards the front face 8 and advantageously these are zones of the outermost corners, that is to say near the longitudinal faces of the block 1.
  • each notch 5 of a block 1 according to the present invention has a substantially rectangular or square section, but this is not mandatory.
  • the notches 5 preferably have at least one right angle in their angle configured to be applied on the walls of the cell of the block with which they cooperate so as to form a double support, in two perpendicular directions (transverse and longitudinal).
  • the notches 5 advantageously have the same section as the rest of the beams 1 1.
  • the block 1 may have towards its front face 8 a central cavity 7 passing through said block 1.
  • the central cell 7 has, at two corner zones, beams
  • the recovery support between beams 1 1 and transverse wall 4 operates rearwardly while it operates forward for the beams 1 1 cooperating with the transverse wall 12 for the first group of cells.
  • the rear face 10 of the block 1 may have rear beams 13, these shapes may improve the aesthetics of the block 1 or improve the rear anchorage of the block 1 of construction in the supported element , for example from the earth.
  • the rear beams 13 can also be used for fixing a geogrid 16.
  • two beams 13 are made symmetrically with respect to the inner longitudinal wall 6, which preferably constitutes a plane of symmetry for the entire block. 1.
  • the beams 13 may be of larger section than the beams 1 January.
  • the beams 13 By forming a relief on the rear face 10, the beams 13 also make it possible to trap the sounds and therefore have an acoustic insulation function when the rear face is exposed outside the wall wall 17.
  • the beams 13 also carry notches 14 projecting on the underside. These notches 14 complete the horizontal stability of the block 1 when it is placed, for example on the ground or on other blocks 1, for palletizing or for mounting wall wall.
  • This stability can be completed by a front notch 15 carried by the wall of the front face 8, projecting along its thickness, beyond the lower face.
  • all the notches 5, 14, 15 have the same height of projection. They also preferentially have a plane distal surface.
  • Figures 6 and 7 illustrate in this context that the blocks can then be easily superimposed for storage and transport, either in parallel ( Figure 7) or alternating blocks by levels shifted by 90 ° ( Figure 6).
  • the distal surface of the notches 5, 14, 15 then constitutes a bearing surface distributed over different points of the block 1.
  • notch 15 is optionally at the center of the width of the front face.
  • the inclined flanks preferably join the outer face of the block and the inner face of the central recess 7.
  • the width of the notch 15 is preferably decreasing towards the inside of the block 1.
  • the inclined flanks serve to provide contact zones with the front face 8 (or other parts) of superimposed blocks.
  • Figure 8 gives an example.
  • the angle of the inclined flanks may be identical to that of the intermediate side 9 of the front face 8.
  • the front face 8 of the block 1 advantageously in the form of a parallelepiped is tapered having several facets while in Figure 3 the front face 8 of the block 1 of construction is rounded. This corresponds to a front face shape 8 chosen to constitute the most visible part of the desired wall wall.
  • the central cavity 7 of the front portion of the building block 1 is of polygonal shape with several sides 9, while in Figure 3, the central recess 7 has a rounded portion 9a forming its portion facing the front of the block 1.
  • Figure 8 shows the overlap of the underside of two adjacent blocks 1 by a geogrid 16 having meshes 16a. At least one notch 5 of the building blocks 1, is shaped to be able to penetrate into one of the meshes 16a of said grid 16. This makes it possible to increase the horizontal resistance of a wall wall made of superimposed blocks, the geogrid 16 limiting the movements notches 5 either forwards or backwards or laterally, the geogrid 16 may in particular provide a connection to a backfill. This cooperation also appears in Figures 9 and 10.
  • the notches 5 of the cell 7 can also be used for the retention of the geogrid.
  • FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of a wall wall made of at least two building blocks, a lower building block receiving at least one similar building block superimposed on it and covering it at least partially, at least one notch; the upper block penetrating into a cell of the lower block.
  • This configuration can be used to form phonic retaining wall screens.
  • FIG. 4 shows a wall wall 17 constituted by the superposition of two levels of building blocks, each building block 1 inf of a lower level being overlapped by two upper building blocks respectively 1 and 1 ', 1' and 1 " , 1 "and 1" '.
  • the lower left-most inferior building block 1 of FIG. 4 is covered for its first rightmost longitudinal half by the upper building block 1, its other longitudinal half being covered by the upper building block 1 '. adjacent to the above mentioned building block 1.
  • the other three lower building blocks 1 inf are covered in the same way by two longitudinal blocks, 1 'and 1 ", 1" and 1 "respectively.
  • the lower right inferior building block 1 of FIG. 6 is covered for its first leftmost longitudinal half by the upper building block 1 "'.
  • Each lower building block 1 inf has two groups of two cells 2inf, ie four cells, while each upper building block 1, 1 ', 1 ", 1"' is provided with four notches 5, said notches 5 penetrating respectively into a 2inf associated cell carried by a lower building block 1 inf.
  • Two notches 5 of an upper building block 1, 1 ', 1 ", 1"' enter a lower building block 1 inf while the other two notches 5 of said upper building block 1, 1 ', 1 ", 1 "'penetrate into the lower building block directly adjacent to the aforementioned lower building block 1 inf.
  • the same level of building blocks is not aligned but forms a non-rectilinear front, for example a convex or concave front curve, their front or rear faces being then kept spaced from each other.
  • FIG. 4 shows that one face of the assembly is formed by the combination of the front faces of the blocks and that the opposite face is formed by the combination of the rear faces of the blocks.
  • Each of these two faces of assemblies can form the front of the structure that is to say with surface exposed outside, the other face being oriented on the side of the slope.
  • the wall wall has an inclination relative to the vertical, this inclination can be for example 15 °.
  • this inclination can be for example 15 °.
  • the offsets in a horizontal plane of the rows of blocks provide, at the recesses 7, locations for greening the block stack.
  • This configuration can also serve as a sound protection merlon.
  • Figure 1 1 shows a variant of the block of Figure 1 wherein the notches 5 of the beams 1 1 are the only elements protruding from the face of the block. Notches before 15 and rear 14 are absent in this case, which can increase the possibilities of combining the blocks in superposition.
  • Figures 12 to 16 show examples.
  • a wall wall 17 is formed with a row of blocks whose front face is directed in a first direction and with a second row, superimposed, with a front face of opposite direction. This alternation of meaning can be pursued on other rows.
  • the configuration of Figure 14 is close but the lower and upper rows have a different relative longitudinal placement the notches 5 and the cells cooperating differently. The result is visible in perspective in figure 13.

Abstract

The present invention relates to a construction block and a wall made up of at least two such superimposed blocks. The construction block (1) is characterized in that it comprises a beam (11) with at least one honeycomb corner area, the beam (11) passing through the block (1) from its lower face toward its upper face and extending, in a first direction of its cross-section, over part of a longitudinal wall (3, 6) and, in a second direction of its cross-section, over a part of a transverse wall (4, 12), the at least one notch (5) being formed by one end of the beam (11). Application in the construction field, in particular for a wall-type structure.

Description

"Bloc de construction et paroi murale composée d'au moins deux tels blocs  "Building block and wall wall composed of at least two such blocks
superposés"  bunk "
La présente invention concerne un bloc de construction et une paroi murale composée d'au moins deux tels blocs superposés. The present invention relates to a building block and a wall wall composed of at least two such superimposed blocks.
Plus particulièrement, cette paroi murale peut servir de mur de soutènement avec la possibilité d'intégrer un ou des évidements traversant les blocs de construction de ladite paroi, ces évidements pouvant par exemple recevoir de la terre afin d'y planter des éléments végétaux de recouvrement. Une telle paroi murale faisant office de mur de soutènement peut ainsi présenter plusieurs mètres de haut. Cette paroi murale peut aussi servir à réaliser différents édifices tels qu'un mur en gradins, un aménagement de berges, un merlon de protection ou un merlon antibruit.  More particularly, this wall wall can serve as a retaining wall with the possibility of integrating or recesses through the building blocks of said wall, these recesses can for example receive soil in order to plant plant elements covering . Such a wall wall acting as a retaining wall can be several meters high. This wall can also be used to make different buildings such as a stepped wall, a riverbank development, a protection merlon or merlon noise.
Selon l'état de la technique, illustré notamment par le document US-A-5678958, il est connu de superposer au moins deux blocs de construction. Afin de maintenir un bloc de construction superposé sur un bloc inférieur, il est prévu de munir la face inférieure du bloc de construction superposé d'au moins un cran pénétrant dans une encoche du bloc de construction inférieur ou arrivant en butée contre une partie dudit bloc inférieur afin d'éviter un basculement du bloc superposé et son maintien en position sur le bloc inférieur. According to the state of the art, illustrated in particular by US-A-5678958, it is known to overlay at least two building blocks. In order to maintain a building block superimposed on a lower block, it is intended to provide the underside of the superimposed building block with at least one notch penetrating into a notch of the lower building block or abutting against a portion of said lower block to prevent a tilting of the stacked block and its holding in position on the lower block.
Il s'est avéré qu'une telle solidarisation entre deux blocs superposés posait des problèmes et offrait une faible résistance. Notamment, l'utilisation d'un cran et d'une encoche pouvait entraîner la rupture de l'encoche par cisaillage, particulièrement quand la paroi murale sert de mur de soutènement et est soumise à une poussée sensiblement horizontale des éléments soutenus, par exemple de la terre. Ceci peut provoquer l'avancement du bloc superposé par rapport au bloc inférieur.  It turned out that such a connection between two superimposed blocks posed problems and offered little resistance. In particular, the use of a notch and a notch could result in the rupture of the notch by shearing, particularly when the wall wall serves as a retaining wall and is subjected to a substantially horizontal thrust of the supported elements, for example Earth. This can cause the advancement of the superimposed block relative to the lower block.
Une explication à cette faible résistance de la solidarisation réside dans le fait que l'appui du bloc superposé sur le bloc inférieur est déficient car inégalement réparti du fait de la faible surface des crans. De plus, la position des crans peut ne pas être optimale pour contrecarrer la poussée horizontale que subit le bloc superposé par rapport au bloc inférieur.  An explanation for this low resistance of the fastening lies in the fact that the support of the superimposed block on the lower block is deficient because unequally distributed because of the small surface of the notches. In addition, the position of the notches may not be optimal to counteract the horizontal thrust that undergoes the superimposed block relative to the lower block.
La même difficulté est rencontrée dans le document DE-U1 - 296 08 704 qui montre des crans en saillie à la surface des pans du bloc à assembler.  The same difficulty is encountered in DE-U1 - 296 08 704 which shows notches protruding from the surface of the blocks of the block to be assembled.
Le problème à la base de la présente invention est de consolider la solidarisation entre deux blocs de construction d'une paroi murale afin que cette solidarisation puisse efficacement résister à diverses sollicitations qui lui sont imposées, notamment une poussée horizontale différente exercée sur des blocs de construction superposés l'un à l'autre ou les uns aux autres.  The problem underlying the present invention is to consolidate the bonding between two building blocks of a wall wall so that this connection can effectively withstand various stresses imposed on it, including a different horizontal thrust exerted on building blocks superimposed on one another or with each other.
Pour atteindre cet objectif, il est prévu selon l'invention un bloc de construction destiné à être superposé à au moins un bloc de construction similaire, ledit bloc comportant une face supérieure, une face inférieure, une face avant, une face arrière et des faces longitudinales ainsi qu'au moins une alvéole, la au moins une alvéole traversant le bloc de sa face inférieure vers sa face supérieure et étant délimitée par des parois longitudinales et transversales pleines dont les intersections forment des zones de coin d'alvéole, ledit bloc de construction comportant au moins un cran faisant saillie au-delà de la face inférieure et configuré pour permettre une solidarisation avec le bloc de construction similaire, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une poutre à au moins une zone de coin d'alvéole, la poutre traversant le bloc de sa face inférieure vers sa face supérieure et s'étendant, suivant une première direction de sa section transversale, sur une partie d'une paroi longitudinale, et, suivant une deuxième direction de sa section transversale sur une partie d'une paroi transversale, le au moins un cran étant formé par une extrémité de la poutre. La poutre ainsi formée est un élément de renfort mécanique en saillie à l'intérieur d'une alvéole au niveau d'un coin d'intersection de deux parois délimitant ladite alvéole. To achieve this objective, there is provided according to the invention a building block intended to be superimposed on at least one similar building block, said block comprising an upper face, a lower face, a front face, a rear face and faces. longitudinal and at least one cell, the at least one cell passing through the block from its lower face to its upper face and being delimited by solid longitudinal and transverse walls whose intersections form wedge areas of cell, said block of construction comprising at least one notch protruding beyond the lower face and configured to allow a fastening with the similar building block, characterized in that it comprises a beam to at least one cell corner zone, the beam traversing the block from its lower face to its upper face and extending, in a first direction of its cross section, on a portion of a longitudinal wall, and in a second direction of its cross section on a portion of a transverse wall, the at least one notch being formed by one end of the beam. The beam thus formed is a mechanical reinforcing element projecting inside a cell at a corner of intersection of two walls delimiting said cell.
De cette manière, la fonction de blocage relatif du bloc par rapport à d'autres blocs est réalisée, au moins en partie, par au moins une poutre qui est un élément structurel supplémentaire. La poutre sert aussi à renforcer la cohésion des parois du bloc au niveau du coin qui est une zone de discontinuité, et donc de concentration de contraintes mécaniques. De plus dans le cas d'une rupture de l'extrémité de la poutre qui remplace les crans traditionnels en continuité au-dessus des parois du bloc, les parois ne sont pas mises en jeu et ne risquent pas d'être dégradées.  In this way, the relative blocking function of the block with respect to other blocks is achieved, at least in part, by at least one beam which is an additional structural element. The beam also serves to reinforce the cohesion of the walls of the block at the corner which is an area of discontinuity, and therefore of concentration of mechanical stresses. In addition, in the case of a rupture of the end of the beam which replaces the traditional notches in continuity above the walls of the block, the walls are not involved and are not likely to be degraded.
Ainsi, le bloc comporte une résistance accrue au niveau de zones de concentration de contraintes que sont les coins d'alvéoles. Ayant de la sorte formé un renfort mécanique efficace, les crans disposés au niveau des poutres présentent une meilleure résistance, en particulier au cisaillement, relativement à des crans en saillie suivant l'épaisseur des parois du bloc. On notera en outre que les poutres réalisent en même temps que les crans, des ensembles mécaniques associant, de manière similaire à une triangulation, les parois transversales et longitudinales.  Thus, the block has increased resistance at stress concentration areas that are the corners of cells. Having thus formed an effective mechanical reinforcement, the notches arranged at the level of the beams have a better resistance, in particular in shear, relative to notches protruding along the thickness of the walls of the block. Note also that the beams perform at the same time as the notches, mechanical assemblies associating, in a manner similar to a triangulation, the transverse and longitudinal walls.
Le bloc selon l'invention pourra en outre présenter facultativement au moins l'une quelconque des caractéristiques suivantes :  The block according to the invention may furthermore optionally have at least any of the following characteristics:
- Il comporte un premier groupe de deux alvéoles de part et d'autre d'une paroi longitudinale interne, chaque alvéole du premier groupe comportant une poutre, les poutres étant symétriques relativement à la paroi longitudinale interne.  - It comprises a first group of two cells on either side of an inner longitudinal wall, each cell of the first group comprising a beam, the beams being symmetrical relative to the inner longitudinal wall.
- Les poutres des alvéoles du premier groupe sont situées sur des zones de coin d'alvéole situées à proximité de faces longitudinales opposées.  - The beams of the cells of the first group are located on cell corner areas located near opposite longitudinal faces.
- Il comporte, immédiatement en arrière de sa face avant, une alvéole centrale traversant ledit bloc et comportant deux poutres sur des zones de coin d'alvéole situées à proximité de faces longitudinales opposées.  It comprises, immediately behind its front face, a central cavity passing through said block and comprising two beams on cell corner areas located near opposite longitudinal faces.
- Les deux poutres de l'alvéole centrale s'étendent sur une paroi transversale située à l'arrière de l'alvéole centrale relativement à la face avant, et les deux poutres des alvéoles du premier groupe s'étendent sur une paroi transversale située à l'avant des alvéoles de premier groupe relativement à la face avant.  - The two beams of the central cavity extend on a transverse wall located at the rear of the central cavity relative to the front face, and the two beams of the cells of the first group extend on a transverse wall located at the front of the first group of cells relative to the front face.
- Il comporte comportant un deuxième groupe de deux alvéoles de part et d'autre de la paroi longitudinale interne et entre l'alvéole centrale et le premier groupe.  - It comprises having a second group of two cells on either side of the inner longitudinal wall and between the central cavity and the first group.
- Le deuxième groupe ne comporte pas de poutre.  - The second group has no beam.
- Les parois longitudinales sont plus épaisses que les parois transversales. - The longitudinal walls are thicker than the transverse walls.
- Chaque cran présente une section sensiblement rectangulaire ou carrée. - La face arrière comporte au moins une poutre arrière avec une extrémité en saillie au-delà de la face inférieure formant un cran arrière. - Each notch has a substantially rectangular or square section. - The rear face comprises at least one rear beam with an end projecting beyond the lower face forming a rear notch.
- La face avant comporte, en saillie sur sa tranche située sur la face inférieure, un cran avant.  - The front has, projecting on its edge on the underside, a notch front.
- Les hauteurs de saillie des crans, du au moins un cran arrière et du cran avant sont identiques.  - The projecting heights of the notches, the at least one rear notch and the front notch are identical.
- Il présente une forme sensiblement parallélépipédique.  - It has a substantially parallelepiped shape.
- Il présente une face avant arrondie ou biseautée. L'invention concerne aussi une paroi murale, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est formée d'au moins deux tels blocs de construction, un bloc de construction supérieur étant superposé à au moins un bloc inférieur de construction similaire, au moins un cran du bloc respectivement supérieur ou inférieur pénétrant et avantageusement produisant un appui dans une alvéole du bloc respectivement inférieur ou supérieur.  - It has a rounded or bevelled front face. The invention also relates to a wall wall, characterized in that it is formed of at least two such building blocks, an upper building block being superimposed on at least one lower block of similar construction, at least one notch of the block respectively higher or lower penetrating and advantageously producing a support in a cell of the block respectively lower or higher.
Avantageusement, la paroi murale incorpore, entre deux blocs de construction superposés, une géogrille présentant des mailles, chaque cran du bloc de construction supérieur étant conformé pour pénétrer dans une des mailles de ladite grille.  Advantageously, the wall wall incorporates, between two superimposed building blocks, a geogrid having meshes, each notch of the upper building block being shaped to penetrate into one of the meshes of said grid.
Avantageusement, au moins un bloc de la paroi est solidarisé à au moins un bloc similaire adjacent et disposé au même niveau, des moyens de solidarisation du type tenon et mortaise étant prévus entre au moins deux blocs adjacents.  Advantageously, at least one block of the wall is secured to at least one similar block adjacent and arranged at the same level, tenon and mortise type fastening means being provided between at least two adjacent blocks.
Avantageusement, la paroi murale comprend au moins deux blocs inférieurs adjacents, un même bloc superposé recouvrant au moins partiellement les deux blocs inférieurs adjacents.  Advantageously, the wall wall comprises at least two adjacent lower blocks, the same superimposed block covering at least partially the two adjacent lower blocks.
Avantageusement, le bloc superposé est décalé en étant rentrant ou en saillie par rapport au(x) bloc(s) inférieur(s).  Advantageously, the superimposed block is shifted by being retracting or projecting with respect to the lower block (s).
Avantageusement, les au moins deux blocs d'un même niveau sont décalés l'un par rapport à l'autre afin que leurs faces avant forment un front non rectiligne.  Advantageously, the at least two blocks of the same level are offset relative to each other so that their front faces form a non-rectilinear front.
Avantageusement, le bloc supérieur superposé présente une inclinaison par rapport au(x) bloc(s) inférieur(s).  Advantageously, the superimposed upper block has an inclination with respect to the lower block (s).
Préférentiellement, le bloc de construction comporte un cran avant en saillie sur la tranche de sa face avant située sur la face inférieure, le cran ouvert étant configuré pour s'appliquer, par ses flancs sur la paroi de la face avant du bloc de construction inférieur.  Preferably, the building block comprises a front notch projecting on the edge of its front face located on the lower face, the open notch being configured to be applied by its flanks on the wall of the front face of the lower building block .
D'autres caractéristiques, buts et avantages de la présente invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description détaillée qui va suivre et au regard des dessins annexés donnés à titre d'exemple non limitatif et sur lesquels : la figure 1 est une représentation schématique d'une vue de dessous en perspective d'un bloc de construction selon une première forme de réalisation de la présente invention, cette figure montrant notamment les crans pour la solidarisation du bloc avec au moins un bloc similaire sur lequel il est superposé, Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will appear on reading the detailed description which follows and with reference to the appended drawings given by way of non-limiting example and in which: FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a perspective bottom view of a building block according to a first embodiment of the present invention, this figure showing in particular the notches for joining the block with at least one similar block on which it is superimposed,
la figure 2 est une représentation schématique d'une vue de dessous du bloc de construction selon la figure 1 et conforme à la présente invention, la figure 3 est une représentation schématique d'une vue de dessous en perspective d'un bloc de construction selon une seconde forme de réalisation de la présente invention, cette seconde forme différant essentiellement de la première forme par la configuration de la face avant,  FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a bottom view of the building block according to FIG. 1 and in accordance with the present invention, FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of a perspective bottom view of a building block according to FIG. a second embodiment of the present invention, this second form differing essentially from the first form by the configuration of the front face,
la figure 4 est une représentation schématique d'une vue de dessous d'une paroi murale selon la présente invention, ladite paroi murale étant constituée par la superposition de deux niveaux de blocs de construction, chaque bloc de construction superposé étant monté en chevauchement sur deux blocs de construction inférieurs,  FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of a bottom view of a wall wall according to the present invention, said wall wall being constituted by the superposition of two levels of building blocks, each superimposed building block being mounted overlapping on two lower building blocks,
la figure 5 est une représentation schématique d'une vue de dessus d'une paroi murale avec des blocs organisés en niveaux avec un fruit,  Figure 5 is a schematic representation of a top view of a wall wall with blocks organized in levels with a fruit,
la figure 6 est une représentation schématique révélant la capacité d'empilement à 90° des blocs de manière stable malgré les crans, par exemple pour une palettisation.  FIG. 6 is a schematic representation revealing the ability of the blocks to stack at 90 ° stably despite the notches, for example for palletizing.
La figure 7 illustre de manière similaire à la figure 6 un empilement en superposition parallèle des blocs, par exemple pour une palettisation,  FIG. 7 illustrates in a similar way to FIG. 6 a stack in parallel superposition of the blocks, for example for a palletization,
La figure 8 montre une paroi murale dans laquelle une géogrille coopère avec les blocs.  Figure 8 shows a wall in which a geogrid cooperates with the blocks.
Les figures 9 et 10 montrent plus en détail la coopération de la figure 8 Figures 9 and 10 show in more detail the cooperation of Figure 8
La figure 1 1 montre une variante de bloc selon l'invention FIG. 11 shows a block variant according to the invention
Les figures 12 à 16 présentent des exemples révélant la multiplicité des assemblages réalisables par le bloc de l'invention, exemples illustrés avec le bloc de la figure 1 1 .  Figures 12 to 16 show examples revealing the multiplicity of assemblies achievable by the block of the invention, examples illustrated with the block of Figure 1 1.
Les figures 1 et 2 montrent un bloc 1 de construction selon une première forme de réalisation de l'invention, tandis que la figure 3 montre une seconde forme de réalisation de l'invention. Dans ce qui va suivre, il sera tout d'abord fait référence à ces trois figures pour décrire les caractéristiques qui leur sont communes. Figures 1 and 2 show a building block 1 according to a first embodiment of the invention, while Figure 3 shows a second embodiment of the invention. In what follows, we will first refer to these three figures to describe the characteristics that are common to them.
Comme il sera mieux décrit ultérieurement en regard des figures 4 et 5 notamment, le bloc 1 de construction est destiné à être superposé à au moins un bloc de construction similaire, afin de réaliser une paroi murale pouvant servir par exemple de mur de soutènement.  As will be described later with reference to Figures 4 and 5 in particular, the block 1 of construction is intended to be superimposed on at least a similar building block, to achieve a wall that can be used for example retaining wall.
Dans les modes de réalisation qui suivent, à titre non limitatif, les moyens de solidarisation sous forme de crans sont formés sur la face inférieure des blocs, pour coopérer, en superposition, avec des alvéoles de blocs inférieurs. L'orientation du bloc 1 peut cependant être inversée avec la face inférieure dirigée vers la hauteur pour que les crans fassent saillie vers le haut. L'adjectif « inférieur » doit donc s'entendre sans limitation relativement à l'orientation qui sera donnée au bloc lors du montage pour coopérer avec des blocs superposés. Les blocs ont donc deux orientations potentielles, crans vers le haut ou crans vers le bas.  In the following embodiments, in a non-limiting manner, the means for securing in the form of notches are formed on the lower face of the blocks, in order to cooperate, in superposition, with cells of lower blocks. The orientation of the block 1 can, however, be reversed with the underside facing the height so that the notches protrude upwards. The adjective "inferior" must therefore be understood without limitation relative to the orientation that will be given to the block during assembly to cooperate with superimposed blocks. The blocks therefore have two potential orientations, notches up or notches down.
Aux figures 1 à 3, le bloc 1 de construction est de forme sensiblement parallélépipédique mais ceci n'est pas obligatoire, ledit bloc 1 pouvant aussi présenter une autre forme avec par exemple une section longitudinale triangulaire ou une forme trapézoïdale. Le bloc 1 comporte une face avant 8 et une face arrière 10 réunies par une face supérieure, une face inférieure et des faces longitudinales. Les faces supérieure et inférieure sont creuses en présentant au moins une partie creuse interne.  In Figures 1 to 3, the block 1 of construction is of substantially parallelepiped shape but this is not mandatory, said block 1 may also have another shape with for example a triangular longitudinal section or a trapezoidal shape. Block 1 comprises a front face 8 and a rear face 10 joined by an upper face, a lower face and longitudinal faces. The upper and lower faces are hollow by having at least one internal hollow portion.
Il est à noter qu'aux figures 1 à 3, la face avant 8 du bloc 1 a été modifiée pour ne pas correspondre exactement à un côté du parallélépipède. Cette caractéristique qui n'est pas essentielle, le bloc 1 pouvant aussi présenter exactement la forme d'un parallélépipède, sera décrite plus amplement ultérieurement.  It should be noted that in Figures 1 to 3, the front face 8 of the block 1 has been modified to not exactly correspond to one side of the parallelepiped. This feature is not essential, the block 1 may also have the exact shape of a parallelepiped, will be described in more detail later.
II est préféré que les faces supérieure et inférieure soient planes et parallèles entre elles. Par ailleurs, l'ensemble du bloc 1 est avantageusement réalisé de manière monobloc, y compris les poutres 1 1 décrites ci-après en détail, c'est-à-dire en une seule pièce d'un seul matériau.  It is preferred that the upper and lower faces are plane and parallel to each other. Furthermore, the entire block 1 is advantageously made in one piece, including the beams 1 1 described below in detail, that is to say in one piece of a single material.
Le bloc 1 comporte des alvéoles 2 dont le nombre n'est pas limité. Il présente préférentiellement un premier groupe d'alvéoles ainsi qu'une alvéole centrale 7 qui sont équipées de poutres 1 1 décrites plus loin.  Block 1 comprises cells 2 whose number is not limited. It preferably has a first group of cells and a central cell 7 which are equipped with beams 1 1 described below.
Aux figures 1 à 3, la partie creuse interne est formée par deux groupes de deux alvéoles 2, chacune des alvéoles 2 traversant entièrement le bloc 1 de sa face inférieure vers sa face supérieure, les deux groupes étant délimités par des parois longitudinales 3 et transversales 4 pleines. Les quatre alvéoles 2 sont disposées en deux groupes consécutifs dans la longueur du bloc 1 , les deux groupes étant séparés par une paroi transversale commune 12. Cependant, ceci n'est pas limitatif et un bloc 1 selon la présente invention peut contenir une ou plusieurs alvéoles 2 de différentes formes et avec une répartition différente que celle illustrée aux figures 1 à 3. In FIGS. 1 to 3, the internal hollow portion is formed by two groups of two cells 2, each of the cells 2 completely passing through the block 1 from its lower face to its upper face, the two groups being delimited by longitudinal and transverse walls 3 4 full. The four cells 2 are arranged in two consecutive groups in the length of the block 1, the two groups being separated by a common transverse wall 12. However, this is not limiting and a block 1 according to the present invention may contain one or more cells 2 of different shapes and with a different distribution than that illustrated in Figures 1 to 3.
Chacun des deux groupes d'alvéoles 2 occupe la majeure partie de la largeur du bloc 1 de construction en ne laissant comme parties pleines dans ledit bloc 1 que les deux côtés longitudinaux 3 délimitant un groupe d'alvéoles 2 de chaque côté longitudinal du bloc 1 ainsi qu'une paroi longitudinale interne 6 entre deux alvéoles 2 du même groupe. Les deux groupes d'alvéoles 2 occupent avantageusement les deux tiers de la longueur du bloc 1 , essentiellement les parties médiane et arrière dudit bloc 1 , la partie avant dudit bloc 1 pouvant comprendre un évidement 7, comme il sera vu plus précisément ultérieurement.  Each of the two groups of cavities 2 occupies the greater part of the width of the building block 1, leaving as solid portions in said block 1 only the two longitudinal sides 3 delimiting a group of cavities 2 on each longitudinal side of the block 1 and an inner longitudinal wall 6 between two cells 2 of the same group. The two groups of cells 2 advantageously occupy two thirds of the length of the block 1, essentially the middle and rear portions of said block 1, the front portion of said block 1 may comprise a recess 7, as will be seen more precisely later.
Pour solidariser un bloc de construction supérieur superposé complètement ou partiellement à un bloc de construction similaire inférieur, il est prévu des moyens de solidarisation du bloc supérieur avec le bloc inférieur recouvert au moins partiellement par ledit bloc supérieur. Ces moyens de solidarisation comportent des crans 5 faisant saillie du bloc supérieur dans le sens de sa hauteur, chacun des crans 5 étant associé à une alvéole 2 respective portée par le bloc inférieur et étant disposé sur la face inférieure du bloc 1.  To secure an upper building block superimposed completely or partially to a similar lower building block, there is provided means for securing the upper block with the lower block at least partially covered by said upper block. These securing means comprise notches 5 protruding from the upper block in the direction of its height, each of the notches 5 being associated with a respective cell 2 carried by the lower block and being disposed on the lower face of the block 1.
Les crans sont placés de manière à permettre des configurations variées de montage relatif des blocs 1 et sont, selon l'invention, constitués de manière caractéristique pour offrir une grande résistance mécanique. A cet effet, le ou les crans 5 sont constitués chacun par une extrémité d'une poutre 1 1. Un exemple de poutres 1 1 est donné, avec pour l'exemple, une section carrée, aux figures 1 à 3. Les poutres 1 1 s'étendent suivant la hauteur du bloc, entre la face supérieure et la face inférieure, et sont placées dans une alvéole 2. Plus précisément, chaque poutre 1 1 est située dans une zone de coin d'alvéole, c'est-à-dire à l'endroit d'une intersection entre une paroi longitudinale et une paroi transversale délimitant ladite alvéole 2. Dans les illustrations, les zones de coin sont sensiblement à angle droit mais ce cas n'est pas limitatif. La poutre 1 1 coopère à la fois avec une paroi transversale et avec la paroi longitudinale correspondante, en étant dans leur continuité à l'intérieur de l'alvéole 2. Ainsi, les poutres 1 1 sont des portions de renfort des coins d'alvéoles 2 offrant une meilleure résistance. De ce fait, on notera que l'épaisseur de certaines parois, en particulier de parois transversales, peut être réduite, par exemple à entre 50 % et 80 % de l'épaisseur des parois longitudinales 3. Former les crans 5 en zone distale des poutres 1 1 est avantageux car cela offre une grande résistance. Cela permet aussi de bénéficier de zones de section importante pour les crans. En outre, en cas de casse d'un cran 5, cela ne dégrade pas les parois longitudinales et transversales du bloc 1 . The notches are arranged to allow various relative mounting configurations of the blocks 1 and are, according to the invention, typically constituted to provide high mechanical strength. For this purpose, or the notches 5 are each constituted by an end of a beam 1 1. An example of beams 1 1 is given, with for example, a square section, in Figures 1 to 3. The beams 1 1 extend along the height of the block, between the upper face and the lower face, and are placed in a cell 2. More specifically, each beam 1 1 is located in a cell corner zone, that is to say say at the location of an intersection between a longitudinal wall and a transverse wall delimiting said cell 2. In the illustrations, the corner areas are substantially at right angles but this case is not limiting. The beam 1 1 cooperates both with a transverse wall and with the corresponding longitudinal wall, being in their continuity inside the cell 2. Thus, the beams 1 1 are reinforcing portions of the cell corners 2 offering better resistance. As a result, it will be noted that the thickness of certain walls, in particular of transverse walls, may be reduced, for example to between 50% and 80% of the thickness of the longitudinal walls 3. Form the notches 5 in the distal zone of the beams 1 1 is advantageous because it offers great resistance. This also allows to benefit from areas of important section for the notches. In addition, in case of breakage of a notch 5, it does not degrade the longitudinal and transverse walls of the block 1.
La section des poutres 1 1 est par exemple configurée pour avoir, en longueur et en largeur, une dimension comprise entre 60 et 140 % de l'épaisseur des parois longitudinales 3. En générale, on s'arrange pour que les poutres 1 1 occupent moins de 50 % de la dimension interne correspondante de l'alvéole 2 dans laquelle elle est placée.  The section of the beams 1 1 is for example configured to have, in length and width, a dimension between 60 and 140% of the thickness of the longitudinal walls 3. In general, it is arranged for the beams 1 1 occupy less than 50% of the corresponding internal dimension of the cell 2 in which it is placed.
On comprend aisément que dans le cas d'une poutre de section polygonale, par exemple rectangulaire, deux pans adjacents de la poutre épousent deux parois internes de l'alvéole et que les deux autres pans de la poutre forment un ensemble saillant vers l'intérieur de l'alvéole, par exemple un angle, de préférence droit, rentrant dans l'alvéole.  It is easily understood that in the case of a polygonal section beam, for example rectangular, two adjacent sections of the beam fit two inner walls of the cell and the other two sides of the beam form a projecting inwardly of the cell, for example an angle, preferably straight, entering the cell.
Par ailleurs, avantageusement, le cran qui est dans le prolongement d'une poutre ne s'étend pas latéralement au-delà de la surface de la poutre de sorte que les efforts supportés par le cran sont transmis au reste du bloc uniquement via la poutre.  Furthermore, advantageously, the notch which is in the extension of a beam does not extend laterally beyond the surface of the beam so that the forces supported by the notch are transmitted to the rest of the block only via the beam .
Dans les figures 1 à 3, le bloc 1 comporte d'abord deux poutres 1 1 chacune dans une alvéole 2 du premier groupe d'alvéoles, ici vers la face arrière 10 du bloc 1 . A titre préféré, les poutres équipent des zones de coin situées vers l'avant, c'est-à-dire le plus vers la face avant 8 et avantageusement ce sont des zones de coins les plus externes, c'est-à-dire à proximité des faces longitudinales du bloc 1 .  In FIGS. 1 to 3, the block 1 first comprises two beams 1 1 each in a cell 2 of the first group of cells, here towards the rear face 10 of the block 1. By way of preference, the beams equip corner zones situated forward, that is to say, the most towards the front face 8 and advantageously these are zones of the outermost corners, that is to say near the longitudinal faces of the block 1.
Comme il peut être vu aux figures 1 à 3, chaque cran 5 d'un bloc 1 selon la présente invention présente une section sensiblement rectangulaire ou carrée, mais ceci n'est pas obligatoire. Les crans 5 ont préférentiellement au moins un angle droit dans leur angle configuré pour s'appliquer sur les parois de l'alvéole du bloc avec lequel ils coopèrent de sorte à former un double appui, dans deux directions perpendiculaires (transversale et longitudinale).  As can be seen in Figures 1 to 3, each notch 5 of a block 1 according to the present invention has a substantially rectangular or square section, but this is not mandatory. The notches 5 preferably have at least one right angle in their angle configured to be applied on the walls of the cell of the block with which they cooperate so as to form a double support, in two perpendicular directions (transverse and longitudinal).
Les crans 5 ont avantageusement la même section que le reste des poutres 1 1. En se référant encore aux figures 1 à 3, le bloc 1 peut présenter vers sa face avant 8 une alvéole centrale 7 traversant ledit bloc 1.  The notches 5 advantageously have the same section as the rest of the beams 1 1. Referring again to Figures 1 to 3, the block 1 may have towards its front face 8 a central cavity 7 passing through said block 1.
Dans l'exemple, l'alvéole centrale 7 dispose, à deux zones de coins, de poutres In the example, the central cell 7 has, at two corner zones, beams
1 1 portant des crans 5. Pour varier les reprises d'efforts, il est préféré que les poutres1 1 with notches 5. To vary the efforts recovery, it is preferred that the beams
1 1 du premier groupe d'alvéoles 2 coopèrent avec une paroi d'alvéole, dans la direction transversale, orientée à l'opposé de celle de coopération des poutres 1 1 de l'alvéole centrale 7, relativement à la face avant 8. Ainsi, dans l'exemple, la reprise d'appui entre poutres 1 1 et paroi transversale 4 s'opère vers l'arrière alors qu'elle s'opère vers l'avant pour les poutres 1 1 coopérant avec la paroi transversale 12 pour le premier groupe d'alvéoles. 1 1 of the first group of cells 2 cooperate with a cell wall, in the transverse direction, oriented opposite to that of the cooperation of the beams 1 1 of the central cell 7, relative to the front face 8. Thus , in the example, the recovery support between beams 1 1 and transverse wall 4 operates rearwardly while it operates forward for the beams 1 1 cooperating with the transverse wall 12 for the first group of cells.
En se référant toujours aux figures 1 à 3, la face arrière 10 du bloc 1 peut présenter des poutres arrière 13, ces formes pouvant améliorer l'esthétique du bloc 1 ou améliorer l'ancrage arrière du bloc 1 de construction dans l'élément soutenu, par exemple de la terre.  Referring still to Figures 1 to 3, the rear face 10 of the block 1 may have rear beams 13, these shapes may improve the aesthetics of the block 1 or improve the rear anchorage of the block 1 of construction in the supported element , for example from the earth.
Les poutres arrière 13 peuvent aussi servir à la fixation d'une géogrille 16. Dans l'exemple deux poutres 13 sont réalisées de manière symétrique relativement à la paroi longitudinale interne 6 qui, préférentiellement, constitue un plan de symétrie pour l'ensemble du bloc 1. Les poutres 13 peuvent être de section plus grande que les poutres 1 1 .  The rear beams 13 can also be used for fixing a geogrid 16. In the example, two beams 13 are made symmetrically with respect to the inner longitudinal wall 6, which preferably constitutes a plane of symmetry for the entire block. 1. The beams 13 may be of larger section than the beams 1 January.
En formant un relief sur la face arrière 10, les poutres 13 permettent aussi de piéger les sons et ont donc une fonction d'isolation acoustique lorsque la face arrière est exposée à l'extérieur de la paroi murale 17.  By forming a relief on the rear face 10, the beams 13 also make it possible to trap the sounds and therefore have an acoustic insulation function when the rear face is exposed outside the wall wall 17.
Avantageusement, les poutres 13 portent elles-aussi des crans 14 en saillie sur la face inférieure. Ces crans 14 complètent la stabilité horizontale du bloc 1 lorsqu'il est posé, par exemple sur le sol ou encore sur d'autres blocs 1 , pour la palettisation ou pour le montage de paroi murale.  Advantageously, the beams 13 also carry notches 14 projecting on the underside. These notches 14 complete the horizontal stability of the block 1 when it is placed, for example on the ground or on other blocks 1, for palletizing or for mounting wall wall.
Cette stabilité peut être complétée par un cran avant 15 porté par la paroi de la face avant 8, en saillie suivant son épaisseur, au-delà de la face inférieure.  This stability can be completed by a front notch 15 carried by the wall of the front face 8, projecting along its thickness, beyond the lower face.
Avantageusement, tous les crans 5, 14, 15 ont la même hauteur de saillie. Ils ont aussi préférentiellement une surface distale plane. Les figures 6 et 7 illustrent dans ce contexte que les blocs peuvent alors être aisément superposés pour le stockage et le transport, soit en parallèle (figure 7) soit en alternant les blocs par niveaux décalés de 90° (figure 6). La surface distale des crans 5, 14, 15 constitue alors une surface d'appui répartie sur différents points du bloc 1 .  Advantageously, all the notches 5, 14, 15 have the same height of projection. They also preferentially have a plane distal surface. Figures 6 and 7 illustrate in this context that the blocks can then be easily superimposed for storage and transport, either in parallel (Figure 7) or alternating blocks by levels shifted by 90 ° (Figure 6). The distal surface of the notches 5, 14, 15 then constitutes a bearing surface distributed over different points of the block 1.
On notera que le cran 15 est optionnellement au centre de la largeur de la face avant.  Note that the notch 15 is optionally at the center of the width of the front face.
II comporte préférentiellement des flancs inclinés joignant la face externe du bloc et la face interne de l'alvéole centrale 7. La largeur du cran 15 va préférentiellement en diminuant vers l'intérieur du bloc 1. Les flancs inclinés servent à offrir des zones de contact avec la face avant 8 (ou d'autres parties) de blocs en superposition. La figure 8 en donne un exemple. L'angle des flancs inclinés peut être identique à celui du coté 9 intermédiaire de la face avant 8. Aux figures 1 à 2, la face avant 8 du bloc 1 de construction avantageusement sous forme d'un parallélépipède est biseautée en présentant plusieurs facettes tandis qu'à la figure 3 la face avant 8 du bloc 1 de construction est de forme arrondie. Ceci correspond à une forme de face avant 8 choisie pour constituer la partie la plus visible de la paroi murale désirée. It preferably comprises inclined flanks joining the outer face of the block and the inner face of the central recess 7. The width of the notch 15 is preferably decreasing towards the inside of the block 1. The inclined flanks serve to provide contact zones with the front face 8 (or other parts) of superimposed blocks. Figure 8 gives an example. The angle of the inclined flanks may be identical to that of the intermediate side 9 of the front face 8. In Figures 1 to 2, the front face 8 of the block 1 advantageously in the form of a parallelepiped is tapered having several facets while in Figure 3 the front face 8 of the block 1 of construction is rounded. This corresponds to a front face shape 8 chosen to constitute the most visible part of the desired wall wall.
De même, aux figures 1 et 2, l'alvéole centrale 7 de la partie avant du bloc 1 de construction est de forme polygonale en comportant plusieurs côtés 9, tandis qu'à la figure 3, l'alvéole centrale 7 présente une partie arrondie 9a formant sa portion orientée vers l'avant du bloc 1 .  Similarly, in Figures 1 and 2, the central cavity 7 of the front portion of the building block 1 is of polygonal shape with several sides 9, while in Figure 3, the central recess 7 has a rounded portion 9a forming its portion facing the front of the block 1.
La figure 8 montre le recouvrement de la face inférieure de deux blocs 1 adjacents par une géogrille 16 présentant des mailles 16a. Au moins un cran 5 des blocs 1 de construction, est conformé pour pouvoir pénétrer dans une des mailles 16a de ladite grille 16. Ceci permet d'accroître la tenue horizontale d'une paroi murale faite de blocs superposés, la géogrille 16 limitant les mouvements des crans 5 soit vers l'avant ou l'arrière, soit latéralement, la géogrille 16 pouvant notamment assurer une liaison à un remblai. Cette coopération apparaît aussi aux figures 9 et 10.  Figure 8 shows the overlap of the underside of two adjacent blocks 1 by a geogrid 16 having meshes 16a. At least one notch 5 of the building blocks 1, is shaped to be able to penetrate into one of the meshes 16a of said grid 16. This makes it possible to increase the horizontal resistance of a wall wall made of superimposed blocks, the geogrid 16 limiting the movements notches 5 either forwards or backwards or laterally, the geogrid 16 may in particular provide a connection to a backfill. This cooperation also appears in Figures 9 and 10.
Il peut être nécessaire de découper au cutter par exemple des mailles de la géogrille 16 pour le passage au travers de certains crans, notamment les crans 14. Les crans 5 de l'alvéole 7 peuvent servir aussi à la rétention de la géogrille.  It may be necessary to cut with the cutter for example meshes of the geogrid 16 for the passage through some notches, including the notches 14. The notches 5 of the cell 7 can also be used for the retention of the geogrid.
La figure 4 montre une forme de réalisation d'une paroi murale faite d'au moins deux blocs de construction, un bloc de construction inférieur recevant au moins un bloc de construction similaire lui étant superposé et le recouvrant au moins partiellement, au moins un cran du bloc supérieur pénétrant dans une alvéole du bloc inférieur.  FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of a wall wall made of at least two building blocks, a lower building block receiving at least one similar building block superimposed on it and covering it at least partially, at least one notch; the upper block penetrating into a cell of the lower block.
Cette configuration peut être employée pour former des écrans phoniques de mur de soutènement.  This configuration can be used to form phonic retaining wall screens.
La figure 4 montre une paroi murale 17 constituée par la superposition de deux niveaux de blocs de construction, chaque bloc de construction 1 inf d'un niveau inférieur étant chevauché par deux blocs de construction supérieurs respectivement 1 et 1 ', 1 ' et 1 ", 1 " et 1 "'.  FIG. 4 shows a wall wall 17 constituted by the superposition of two levels of building blocks, each building block 1 inf of a lower level being overlapped by two upper building blocks respectively 1 and 1 ', 1' and 1 " , 1 "and 1" '.
Ainsi, le bloc de construction inférieur 1 inf le plus à gauche de la figure 4 est recouvert pour sa première moitié longitudinale la plus à droite par le bloc de construction supérieur 1 , son autre moitié longitudinale étant recouverte par le bloc de construction supérieur 1 ' adjacent au bloc de construction supérieur 1 précédemment cité.  Thus, the lower left-most inferior building block 1 of FIG. 4 is covered for its first rightmost longitudinal half by the upper building block 1, its other longitudinal half being covered by the upper building block 1 '. adjacent to the above mentioned building block 1.
Les trois autres blocs de construction inférieurs 1 inf sont recouverts par moitié de la même manière par deux blocs longitudinaux, respectivement 1 ' et 1 ", 1 " et 1 "'. Le bloc de construction inférieur 1 inf le plus à droite de la figure 6 est par exemple recouvert pour sa première moitié longitudinale la plus à gauche par le bloc de construction supérieur 1 "'. The other three lower building blocks 1 inf are covered in the same way by two longitudinal blocks, 1 'and 1 ", 1" and 1 "respectively. For example, the lower right inferior building block 1 of FIG. 6 is covered for its first leftmost longitudinal half by the upper building block 1 "'.
Chaque bloc de construction inférieur 1 inf présente deux groupes de deux alvéoles 2inf, soit quatre alvéoles tandis que chaque bloc de construction supérieur 1 , 1 ', 1 ", 1 "' est muni de quatre crans 5, lesdits crans 5 pénétrant respectivement dans une alvéole 2inf associée portée par un bloc de construction inférieur 1 inf. Deux crans 5 d'un bloc de construction supérieur 1 , 1 ', 1 ", 1 "' pénètrent dans un bloc de construction inférieur 1 inf tandis que les deux autres crans 5 dudit bloc de construction supérieur 1 , 1 ', 1 ", 1 "' pénètrent dans le bloc de construction inférieur directement adjacent au bloc de construction inférieur 1 inf précité.  Each lower building block 1 inf has two groups of two cells 2inf, ie four cells, while each upper building block 1, 1 ', 1 ", 1"' is provided with four notches 5, said notches 5 penetrating respectively into a 2inf associated cell carried by a lower building block 1 inf. Two notches 5 of an upper building block 1, 1 ', 1 ", 1"' enter a lower building block 1 inf while the other two notches 5 of said upper building block 1, 1 ', 1 ", 1 "'penetrate into the lower building block directly adjacent to the aforementioned lower building block 1 inf.
Il est possible qu'un même niveau de blocs de construction ne soit pas aligné mais forme un front non rectiligne, par exemple une courbe de front convexe ou concave, leurs faces avant ou respectivement arrière étant alors maintenues espacées les unes des autres.  It is possible that the same level of building blocks is not aligned but forms a non-rectilinear front, for example a convex or concave front curve, their front or rear faces being then kept spaced from each other.
L'exemple de la figure 4 montre qu'une face de l'assemblage est formée par la combinaison des faces avant des blocs et que la face opposée est formée par la combinaison des faces arrière des blocs. Chacune de ces deux faces d'assemblages peut former la façade de l'ouvrage c'est-à-dire à surface exposée à l'extérieur, l'autre face étant orientée du coté du talus.  The example of FIG. 4 shows that one face of the assembly is formed by the combination of the front faces of the blocks and that the opposite face is formed by the combination of the rear faces of the blocks. Each of these two faces of assemblies can form the front of the structure that is to say with surface exposed outside, the other face being oriented on the side of the slope.
Il est aussi possible que la superposition de blocs de construction d'un niveau supérieur avec des blocs de construction d'un niveau inférieur se fasse avec une inclinaison par rapport à l'horizontal, cette inclinaison pouvant changer selon la hauteur des niveaux dans la paroi murale. Les divers niveaux peuvent être en outre décalés vers l'arrière de la paroi murale 17, plus la hauteur de ladite paroi augmente mais le contraire est aussi possible. Ceci est particulièrement avantageux quand il convient que la paroi murale suive un talus ou une paroi à consolider. C'est le cas de l'illustration donnée en figure 5 en vue de dessus.  It is also possible that the superposition of building blocks of a higher level with building blocks of a lower level is done with an inclination with respect to the horizontal, this inclination being able to change according to the height of the levels in the wall wall. The various levels can be further shifted towards the rear of the wall wall 17, the height of said wall increases but the opposite is also possible. This is particularly advantageous when it is appropriate for the wall wall to follow a slope or a wall to consolidate. This is the case of the illustration given in Figure 5 in top view.
Il est aussi possible que la paroi murale présente une inclinaison par rapport à la verticale, cette inclinaison pouvant être par exemple de 15°. Dans ce cas, les décalages dans un plan horizontal des rangées de blocs fournissent, au niveau des évidements 7, des emplacements pour végétaliser l'empilement de bloc. Cette configuration peut aussi servir de merlon de protection phonique.  It is also possible that the wall wall has an inclination relative to the vertical, this inclination can be for example 15 °. In this case, the offsets in a horizontal plane of the rows of blocks provide, at the recesses 7, locations for greening the block stack. This configuration can also serve as a sound protection merlon.
La figure 1 1 présente une variante du bloc de la figure 1 dans lequel les crans 5 des poutres 1 1 sont les seuls éléments saillant sur la face du bloc. Les crans avant 15 et arrière 14 sont absents dans ce cas, ce qui peut augmenter les possibilités de combiner les blocs en superposition. Figure 1 1 shows a variant of the block of Figure 1 wherein the notches 5 of the beams 1 1 are the only elements protruding from the face of the block. Notches before 15 and rear 14 are absent in this case, which can increase the possibilities of combining the blocks in superposition.
Les figures 12 à 16 en montrent des exemples. En figure 12, une paroi murale 17 est formée avec une rangée de blocs dont la face avant est dirigée suivant une première direction et avec une deuxième rangée, superposée, avec une face avant de de sens opposé. Cette alternance de sens peut être poursuivie sur d'autres rangées. La configuration de la figure 14 est proche mais les rangées inférieure et supérieure ont un placement longitudinal relatif différent les crans 5 et les alvéoles coopérant différemment. Le résultat est visible en perspective en figure 13.  Figures 12 to 16 show examples. In Figure 12, a wall wall 17 is formed with a row of blocks whose front face is directed in a first direction and with a second row, superimposed, with a front face of opposite direction. This alternation of meaning can be pursued on other rows. The configuration of Figure 14 is close but the lower and upper rows have a different relative longitudinal placement the notches 5 and the cells cooperating differently. The result is visible in perspective in figure 13.
Une autre variante alterne les sens des blocs dans une même rangée ainsi que le montre la figure 15. C'est ici le cas pour toutes les rangées. Cette disposition permet une meilleure isolation phonique, les reliefs en façade étant nombreux et de formes variées pour piéger les sons. La coopération des crans et des alvéoles dans ce cas est illustrée en figure 16. Dans tous les cas, il est aussi possible de décaler longitudinalement les rangées de sorte à produire un fruit. Another variant alternates the directions of the blocks in the same row as shown in Figure 15. This is the case for all rows. This arrangement allows better sound insulation, the reliefs in front are numerous and varied forms to trap sounds. The cooperation of notches and cells in this case is illustrated in Figure 16. In all cases, it is also possible to shift the rows longitudinally so as to produce a fruit.
REFERENCES REFERENCES
1 . Bloc de construction 1. Building block
1 a-1 d. Blocs de construction de différents niveaux Y-Y'". Blocs de construction adjacents 1 a-1 d. Building Blocks of Different Levels Y-Y '"Adjacent Building Blocks
1 inf. Bloc de construction inférieur  1 inf. Lower building block
2. Alvéole  2. Alveoli
2a-2d. Alvéole  2a-2d. socket
2inf. Alvéole  2inf. socket
3. Paroi longitudinale  3. Longitudinal wall
4. Paroi transversale  4. Cross wall
5. Cran  5. Notch
5 inf. Cran  5 inf. guts
6. Paroi longitudinale interne  6. Internal longitudinal wall
7. Alvéole centrale  7. Central alveolus
8. Face avant  8. Front face
9. Côté  9. Side
9a. Partie arrondie  9a. Rounded portion
10. Face arrière  10. Back side
1 1 . Poutre  1 1. Beam
12. Paroi transversale commune  12. Common transverse wall
13. Poutre arrière  13. Back beam
14. Cran arrière  14. Rear notch
15. Cran avant  15. Front notch
16. Géogrille  16. Geogrid
16a. Maille  16a. stitch
17. Paroi murale  17. Wall wall

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1 . Bloc (1 ) de construction destiné à être superposé à au moins un bloc (1 inf) de construction similaire, ledit bloc (1 ) comportant une face supérieure, une face inférieure, une face avant (8), une face arrière (10) et des faces longitudinales ainsi qu'au moins une alvéole (2, 7), la au moins une alvéole (2, 7) traversant le bloc (1 ) de sa face inférieure vers sa face supérieure et étant délimitée par des parois longitudinales (3, 6) et transversales (4, 12) pleines dont les intersections forment des zones de coin d'alvéole, ledit bloc (1 ) de construction comportant au moins un cran (5) faisant saillie au-delà de la face inférieure et configuré pour permettre une solidarisation avec le bloc (1 inf) de construction similaire, 1. Block (1) of construction intended to be superimposed on at least one block (1 inf) of similar construction, said block (1) having an upper face, a lower face, a front face (8), a rear face (10) and longitudinal faces and at least one cell (2, 7), the at least one cell (2, 7) passing through the block (1) from its lower face to its upper face and being delimited by longitudinal walls (3). , 6) and transverse (4, 12) whose intersections form wedge areas, said block (1) of construction comprising at least one notch (5) projecting beyond the underside and configured for allow a solidarity with the block (1 inf) of similar construction,
caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une poutre (1 1 ) à au moins une zone de coin d'alvéole, la poutre (1 1 ) traversant le bloc (1 ) de sa face inférieure vers sa face supérieure et s'étendant, suivant une première direction de sa section transversale, sur une partie d'une paroi longitudinale (3,6), et, suivant une deuxième direction de sa section transversale sur une partie d'une paroi transversale (4, 12), la poutre (1 1 ) faisant saillie à l'intérieur de l'alvéole, le au moins un cran (5) étant formé par une extrémité de la poutre (1 1 ).  characterized in that it comprises a beam (1 1) with at least one cell corner zone, the beam (1 1) passing through the block (1) from its lower face to its upper face and extending, following a first direction of its cross-section, on a portion of a longitudinal wall (3,6), and, in a second direction of its cross section on a portion of a transverse wall (4,12), the beam (1 1) protruding inside the cell, the at least one notch (5) being formed by one end of the beam (1 1).
2. Bloc (1 ) de construction selon la revendication précédente, comportant un premier groupe de deux alvéoles (2) de part et d'autre d'une paroi longitudinale interne (6), chaque alvéole (2) du premier groupe comportant une poutre (1 1 ), les poutres (1 1 ) étant symétriques relativement à la paroi longitudinale interne (6). 2. Building block (1) according to the preceding claim, comprising a first group of two cells (2) on either side of an inner longitudinal wall (6), each cell (2) of the first group comprising a beam (1 1), the beams (1 1) being symmetrical relative to the inner longitudinal wall (6).
3. Bloc (1 ) de construction selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les poutres (1 1 ) des alvéoles (2) du premier groupe sont situées sur des zones de coin d'alvéole situées à proximité de faces longitudinales opposées. 3. Building block (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the beams (1 1) of the cells (2) of the first group are located on cell corner regions located near opposite longitudinal faces.
4. Bloc (1 ) de construction selon l'une des revendications précédentes comportant, immédiatement en arrière de sa face avant (8), une alvéole centrale (7) traversant ledit bloc (1 ) et comportant deux poutres (1 1 ) sur des zones de coin d'alvéole situées à proximité de faces longitudinales opposées. 4. block (1) of construction according to one of the preceding claims comprising, immediately behind its front face (8), a central cavity (7) passing through said block (1) and having two beams (1 1) on wedge areas located near opposite longitudinal faces.
5. Bloc (1 ) de construction selon la revendication précédente en combinaison avec l'une des revendications 2 ou 3, dans lequel les deux poutres (1 1 ) de l'alvéole centrale (7) s'étendent sur une paroi transversale (4) située à l'arrière de l'alvéole centrale (7) relativement à la face avant (8), et les deux poutres des alvéoles (2) du premier groupe s'étendent sur une paroi transversale (12) située à l'avant des alvéoles (2) de premier groupe relativement à la face avant (8). 5. Building block (1) according to the preceding claim in combination with one of claims 2 or 3, wherein the two beams (1 1) of the central recess (7) extend on a transverse wall (4). ) located at the rear of the central cavity (7) relative to the front face (8), and the two beams of the cells (2) of the first group extend on a transverse wall (12) located in front of the cells (2) of the first group relative to the front face (8).
6. Bloc (1 ) de construction selon la revendication précédente, comportant un deuxième groupe de deux alvéoles (2) de part et d'autre de la paroi longitudinale interne (6) et entre l'alvéole centrale (7) et le premier groupe. 6. Building block (1) according to the preceding claim, comprising a second group of two cells (2) on either side of the inner longitudinal wall (6) and between the central cavity (7) and the first group .
7. Bloc (1 ) de construction selon la revendication précédente, dans lequel le deuxième groupe ne comporte pas de poutre. 7. Building block (1) according to the preceding claim, wherein the second group has no beam.
8. Bloc (1 ) de construction selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, pour lequel les parois longitudinales (3) sont plus épaisses que les parois transversales (4). 8. Building block (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the longitudinal walls (3) are thicker than the transverse walls (4).
9. Bloc (1 ) de construction selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, pour lequel chaque cran (5) présente une section sensiblement rectangulaire ou carrée. 9. Building block (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein each notch (5) has a substantially rectangular or square section.
10. Bloc (1 ) de construction selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la face arrière (10) comporte au moins une poutre arrière10. Building block (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the rear face (10) comprises at least one rear beam
(13) avec une extrémité en saillie au-delà de la face inférieure formant un cran arrière(13) with one end projecting beyond the lower face forming a rear notch
(14) . (14).
1 1 . Bloc (1 ) de construction selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la face avant (8) comporte, en saillie sur sa tranche située sur la face inférieure, un cran avant (15). 1 1. Block (1) of construction according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the front face (8) has, projecting on its edge on the underside, a front notch (15).
12. Bloc (1 ) de construction selon les deux revendications précédentes en combinaison, dans lequel les hauteurs de saillie des crans (5), du au moins un cran arrière (14) et du cran avant (15) sont identiques. 12. block (1) of construction according to the two preceding claims in combination, wherein the projection heights of the notches (5), the at least one rear notch (14) and the front notch (15) are identical.
13. Bloc (1 ) de construction selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, lequel présente une forme sensiblement parallélépipédique. 13. Block (1) of construction according to any one of the preceding claims, which has a substantially parallelepiped shape.
14. Bloc (1 ) de construction selon la revendication précédente, lequel présente une face avant (8) arrondie ou biseautée. 14. Building block (1) according to the preceding claim, which has a front face (8) rounded or bevelled.
15. Paroi murale (17), caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend au moins deux blocs (1 , 1 inf) de construction selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, un bloc (1 ) de construction supérieur étant superposé à au moins un bloc inférieur (1 inf) de construction similaire, au moins un cran (5) du bloc (1 ) respectivement supérieur ou inférieur produisant un appui dans une alvéole (2inf) du bloc respectivement inférieur (1 inf) ou supérieur. 15. wall wall (17), characterized in that it comprises at least two blocks (1, 1 inf) of construction according to any one of the preceding claims, a block (1) of higher construction being superimposed on at least one lower block (1 inf) of similar construction, at least one notch (5) of the block (1) respectively upper or lower producing a support in a cell (2inf) of the block respectively lower (1 inf) or higher.
16. Paroi murale (17) selon la revendication précédente, laquelle incorpore, entre deux blocs (1 ) de construction superposés, une géogrille (16) présentant des mailles (16a), chaque cran (5) du bloc (1 ) de construction supérieur ou inférieur étant conformé pour pénétrer dans une des mailles (16a) de ladite grille (16). 16. wall wall (17) according to the preceding claim, which incorporates, between two superimposed building blocks (1), a geogrid (16) having meshes (16a), each notch (5) of the block (1) of higher construction or lower being shaped to penetrate one of the meshes (16a) of said grid (16).
17. Paroi murale (17) selon l'une des deux revendications précédentes, laquelle comprend au moins deux blocs inférieurs (1 inf) adjacents, au moins un même bloc supérieur (1 , 1 ' à 1 "") recouvrant au moins partiellement les deux blocs inférieurs (1 inf) adjacents. 17. wall wall (17) according to one of the two preceding claims, which comprises at least two adjacent lower blocks (1 inf), at least one same block (1, 1 'to 1 "") covering at least partially the two lower blocks (1 inf) adjacent.
18. Paroi murale (17) selon la revendication précédente, pour laquelle les au moins deux blocs d'un même niveau sont décalés l'un par rapport à l'autre afin que leurs faces avant (8) forment un front non rectiligne. 18. wall wall (17) according to the preceding claim, wherein the at least two blocks of the same level are offset relative to each other so that their front faces (8) form a non-rectilinear front.
19. Paroi murale (17) selon l'une quelconque des 4 revendications précédentes, pour laquelle le bloc supérieur (1 ) superposé est décalé en étant rentrant ou en saillie par rapport au(x) bloc(s) inférieur(s) (1 inf). 19. wall wall (17) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the superimposed upper block (1) is shifted in being recessed or projecting relative to the (x) lower block (s) (1). inf).
20. Paroi murale (17) selon l'une quelconque des 5 revendications précédentes, pour laquelle le bloc supérieur (1 ) superposé présente une inclinaison par rapport au(x) bloc(s) inférieur(s) (1 inf). 20. wall wall (17) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the superimposed upper block (1) has an inclination relative to the (x) lower block (s) (1 inf).
21 . Paroi murale (17) selon l'une des 6 revendications précédentes dans lequel le bloc (1 ) de construction comporte un cran avant (15) en saillie sur la tranche de sa face avant (8) située sur la face inférieure, le cran ouvert (15) étant configuré pour s'appliquer, par ses flancs sur la paroi de la face avant du bloc de construction inférieur (1 ). 21. Wall wall (17) according to one of the 6 preceding claims wherein the block (1) of construction comprises a front notch (15) projecting on the edge of its front face (8) located on the lower face, the notch open (15) being configured to be applied by its flanks on the wall of the front face of the lower building block (1).
PCT/EP2014/065300 2013-07-18 2014-07-16 Construction block and wall made up of at least two such superimposed blocks WO2015007796A2 (en)

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EP14742189.5A EP3022362B1 (en) 2013-07-18 2014-07-16 Construction block and wall made up of at least two such superimposed blocks
TN2016000016A TN2016000016A1 (en) 2013-07-18 2014-07-16 CONSTRUCTION BLOCK AND WALL WALL COMPRISING AT LEAST TWO SUCH BLOCKS
SG11201600314YA SG11201600314YA (en) 2013-07-18 2014-07-16 Construction block and wall made up of at least two such superimposed blocks
CA2918360A CA2918360A1 (en) 2013-07-18 2014-07-16 Construction block and wall made up of at least two such superimposed blocks
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US10676890B2 (en) 2016-03-30 2020-06-09 Robert Gordon McIntosh Retaining wall system, method of supporting same, and kit for use in constructing same
USD895153S1 (en) 2018-10-05 2020-09-01 Pacific Prebenched Ltd. Block for a retaining wall

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USD895153S1 (en) 2018-10-05 2020-09-01 Pacific Prebenched Ltd. Block for a retaining wall

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FR3008722A1 (en) 2015-01-23
CA2918360A1 (en) 2015-01-22
WO2015007796A3 (en) 2015-05-07
EP3022362A2 (en) 2016-05-25
US20160160468A1 (en) 2016-06-09
MY187065A (en) 2021-08-28
EP3022362B1 (en) 2020-10-14
TN2016000016A1 (en) 2017-07-05
SG11201600314YA (en) 2016-02-26
FR3008722B1 (en) 2017-11-17

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