WO2019211403A1

WO2019211403A1 - Device for assembling strips for the fabrication of a structure

Info

Publication number: WO2019211403A1
Application number: PCT/EP2019/061300
Authority: WO
Inventors: Jean-François Bocquet; Damien LATHUILLIERE; Romain LEMAITRE
Original assignee: Universite De Lorraine
Priority date: 2018-05-02
Filing date: 2019-05-02
Publication date: 2019-11-07
Also published as: FR3080871B1; FR3080871A1

Abstract

Device for assembling strips for the fabrication of a structure of a wall or of a truss girder, comprising: - at least one layer having strips oriented along a first axis X and termed "crossmembers", each crossmember having: o a front face provided with a pitted region formed by a grooving oriented along a locking axis D1 and also a grooving oriented along a locking axis D2; o a rear face provided with a grooving oriented along the locking axis D1; - at least one layer having strips oriented along a second axis Y and termed "uprights", each upright having: o a front face provided with a pitted region formed by a grooving oriented along the locking axis D2 and also a grooving oriented along the locking axis D1; o a rear face provided with a grooving oriented along the locking axis D2.

Description

Blade assembly device for manufacturing a structure

Field of the invention

The invention relates to the field of wooden constructions, housing or collective type.

The invention is more particularly focused on a blade assembly device for the manufacture of a struc

wall or lattice girder forming part of such a construction.

The invention also relates directly to a wall or truss comprising such a structure obtained from the assembly device. And finally, the invention relates to a method of manufacturing such a wall or lattice girder.

State of the art

Wooden constructions consist of the assembly of several wooden walls composed of crossed blades. These blades form the structure of the wall. Between the slats are inserted functional plates, of the heat insulating plate type, or soundproofing plate, or fire resistant plates, or plates providing any other function.

These walls can withstand gravity efforts. The role of the structure of the wall is to provide enough rigidity to this stack of blades to prevent buckling.

Thanks to its structure, the wall can withstand the forces exerted on it, in particular by violent winds, or earthquakes, or any other action defined in a regulatory manner. These forces are horizontal, and induce a shear stress within the walls. In a construction consisting of the assembly of several walls, it is necessary to ensure the transfer of these horizontal forces to the foundations of the construction.

Figure 1 shows two structures 1 of walls. Each structure 1 is composed of overlapping and crossed wooden blades 4. They form a trapezoidal grid, with spaces in which it is possible to insert functional plates during assembly (not shown).

One of the structures 1 is used as a floor (located at the bottom of Figure 1), so placed on the ground horizontally. The other structure 1, of the same type, is attached perpendicularly to one of the sides to form a wall (located at the top of Figure 1). The other three walls are not represented for the sake of clarity. In the case of the wall, the structure 1 consists of superpositions of a layer of horizontally arranged blades called "crosspieces" 3, and of a layer of vertically arranged blades called "uprights" 4. In the same way, the floor structure consists of a superposition of sleepers and uprights arranged in a horizontal plane.

During an earthquake or strong winds, shear forces can be distributed continuously on the edges of the floor. These forces are represented by the arrows Fl For the walls, the shear forces are continuous in foot horizontally, represented by the arrows F2, and are accumulated in a reaction of feet of each of the uprights, represented by the arrows F3.

Distributed or punctual descending loads, represented by arrows F4, limit the reaction in feet of uprights. These loads are the gravitational loads of the higher levels (operating loads of floors of the upper floors, climatic loads or reaction of the balance of the horizontal forces of wind or earthquakes). On the contrary, increasing loads due to the balancing of the moment due to the horizontal force F2 (wind and earthquake) accentuate them.

The study of the equilibrium of an upright 2 as illustrated in FIG. 2 shows firstly that, in a wall made of crossed wooden boards, the uprights 2 transmit vertical loads F3, and transmit mainly horizontal loads F2. This is not the case in conventional wood-frame systems such as wood-frame wall (MOB) or cross-laminated timber (CLT). In the second place, it seems essential that to obtain the equilibrium, it is necessary for the crosspieces 3 to exert a moment M1, M2, M3, M4, M5 in each assembly in order to prevent the rotation of the amount and therefore the horizontal displacement of Wall.

To produce the moment of reaction M _R as strong as possible on each upright 2, each upright 2 is fitted into several sleepers 3.

To assemble a crossbar blade 3 and a post blade 2, the principle of assembly by grooves and pins is used. This principle makes it possible to transmit a shear force by wood / wood obstacle. More precisely, the grooves consist of a alternation of hollows and reliefs. When the blades are fitted, the pins fit into the grooves of the grooves. Any relative movement of one blade relative to the other in at least one direction perpendicular to the grooves is blocked by the pins which abut against the reliefs of the grooves.

The pins are obtained by first grooving in the direction generally parallel to the blade, then a grooving in the transverse direction (which is not necessarily exactly orthogonal to the primary direction of parallel grooving).

It is known to use this principle of assembly by grooves and pins, by machining the blades 4 of wood on their two faces, each face being provided with at least one zone of pins extending only over a part of the width of the blade 4. This prior art is illustrated in FIG. 3, which shows the front faces 2a, 3a of the uprights 2 and crosspieces 3, and in FIG. 4 which shows the rear faces 2b, 3b of the uprights 2 and sleepers. 3, in particular at the contact interfaces 5 between the uprights 2 and the crosspieces 3. These contact interfaces 5 have a square-shaped surface when the blades are assembled perpendicularly. They are divided into two parts, namely an upper part 51 and a lower part 52.

Specifically, the front face 3a of a cross member 3 is grooved along its length in the direction of the wood fiber along the axis X. At the contact interface 5, the lower portion 52 is pitted, while the upper part 51 remains simply grooved along the X axis.

It is the same for the rear face 3b of a crossbar 3.

Specifically, the front face 2a of an amount 2 is grooved along its length in the direction of the wood fiber along the Y axis. At the contact interface 5, the upper portion 51 is pitted, while the lower part 52 simply remains grooved along the Y axis.

It is the same for the rear face 2b of an amount 2.

The uprights 2 and the crosspieces 3 are superimposed and nested one inside the other, then are held in position by screwing, with one or more screws 6.

When a cross member 3 is nested in an amount 2, there are two cases.

In the first case, the rear face 3b of the crossmember 3 comes to fit into the front face 2a of the upright 2. In the second case, the front face 3a of the crossmember 3 comes to fit into the rear face 2b of the upright. 2. In the first case, the grooves along the X axis of the upper part 51 of the contact interface 5 of the rear face 3b of the cross member 3 are locked in translation along the Y axis by the pins of the upper part 51 of the contact interface 5 of the front face 2a of the upright 2. The grooves along the Y axis of the lower part 52 of the contact interface 5 of the front face 2a of the upright 2 are locked in translation according to the X axis by the pins of the lower portion 52 of the contact interface 5 of the rear face 3b of the cross member 3 of the assembly screws 6 block any relative movement between the cross member 3 and the amount 2 along the Z axis, Therefore, the assembly of a cross member 3 and an amount 2 provides an assembly without any degree of freedom, with a blockage in the three directions X, Y and Z.

The conclusion is identical in the second case.

Thus, each assembly of a cross member 3 and an amount 2 can withstand a plane torsor.

This assembly according to the prior art, however, has several disadvantages. First, the machining of the rear face of the sleepers is difficult to implement. Indeed, the machining of the pins is made only on half the width of the blade at the contact interface. This partial machining is not easy to achieve with grooving machines. In addition, this partial machining of the blades reduces the capacity of the assembly between the uprights and the crosspieces.

In general, each blade must be grooved and tipped on both sides. It is therefore necessary to rotate several times (for example four times) the blade on the grooving machine, which complicates the grooving process and increases its machining time.

The object of the present invention is to simplify the manufacturing process of sleepers and uprights, and to allow automated assembly of the walls (walls, floors and roof elements) of wood cross-slats, and a beam assembly lattice, always with the principle of nesting by groove and pin. The assembly of sleepers and uprights shall continue to provide the transmission functions of the efforts. The present invention will also make it possible to cross blades at angles different from 90 °, to meet all the requirements of new constructions of original form. Summary of the invention

This objective is achieved by means of a blade assembly device for the manufacture of a structure of a wall or a truss, characterized in that it comprises:

at least one layer having blades oriented along a first axis X and called "crosspieces", each crosspiece having:

a front face provided, at least at the level of the entirety of a contact interface with another blade, of a picotée zone formed by a grooving oriented along a locking pin D1 as well as a grooving oriented along an axis blocking D2;

o a rear face provided, at least at the level of the entirety of a contact interface with another blade, a grooving oriented along the locking pin D1;

at least one layer having blades oriented along a second axis Y and called "amounts", each amount having:

a front face provided, at least at the level of the entirety of a contact interface with another blade, of a pinched zone formed by a grooving oriented along the blocking axis D2 and a grooving oriented according to FIG. DI locking pin;

o a rear face provided, at least at the level of the entirety of a contact interface with another blade, a grooving oriented along the blocking axis D2;

the X and Y axes forming an angle α between them, the axes D1 and D2 forming an angle b between them,

the layers of sleepers and uprights being superposed alternately so as to cross the sleepers and the uprights, the crossing zones corresponding to said contact interfaces between the sleepers and the uprights,

the front face of a cross member being in contact with the rear face of a post at a contact interface so as to block their sliding relative to each other along the locking pin D1, the rear face of a cross member being in contact with the front face of an amount at a contact interface so as to block their sliding relative to each other along the locking pin D2,

the crosspieces and the uprights being fixed together at their contact interfaces by non-sticking fastening means so as to prevent their relative displacement along a locking pin D3, the locking pin D3 being perpendicular to the locking pins D1 and D2, said device comprising a superposition of at least three layers of crossed blades.

The main idea of this invention is to assemble at least three blades, instead of two blades, to resist a plane torsor. The use of three blades to provide the force transmission function simplifies the machining of the blades themselves. Indeed, unlike the prior art, the blades have pimples on one side, not on both sides. This avoids a reversal of the part during its machining and thus saves considerable time. In addition, the pins are made on the entire contact interface, that is to say over the entire width of the blade, which is simple to achieve for a grooving machine. It is possible to guarantee a better accuracy in the pins, and the assembly between the crosspieces and the uprights is largely simplified, the assembly surfaces of the sleepers and the uprights being more efficient. Thanks to this, the assembly phase of the walls and beams in the automated robot mounting process is greatly facilitated. In general, the behavior of the wall and the beam is more efficient in terms of stiffness resistance.

In the present invention, it is therefore the alternation of assemblies between sleepers and uprights on several layers that allows to transmit a single shear force and a moment

Finally, the present invention makes it possible to manage very easily the crossings of blades at angles other than 90 °, as will be presented later in the description.

According to the different embodiments of the invention, which can be taken together or separately:

the locking pin D1 is parallel to the axis X.

the locking pin D2 is parallel to the axis Y.

the X axis is perpendicular to the Y axis.

the locking pin D1 is perpendicular to the locking pin D2.

- For each cross, when the locking pin D1 is parallel to the X axis, the grooving oriented along the locking pin D1 consists of a plurality of parallel grooves extending longitudinally over the entire length of the crossbar.

- For each amount, when the locking pin D2 is parallel to the Y axis, the grooving oriented along the blocking axis D2 consists of a plurality of parallel grooves extending longitudinally over the entire length of the amount. for each crossmember, the grooving oriented along the blocking axis D2 consists of a plurality of parallel grooves extending transversely over the entire width of the crossmember at least at the level of the contact interface,

for each amount, the grooving oriented along the locking pin D1 consists of a plurality of parallel grooves extending transversely over the entire width of the upright at least at the contact interface.

- The pinched zone has pins sized to fit into grooves grooving provided on the adjacent blade in contact.

said non-sticking fastening means consist of screws.

- The blades are wood preferably: they could also be designed in any other suitable material for the manufacture of blades with grooves and pins. It can be for example fiber, plastic or any other composite material, recyclable preferably.

The invention also relates to a wall comprising:

a structure obtained from a blade assembly device as described above;

functional plates of the plate type thermal insulation and / or sound, inserted between the blades of the structure.

Similarly, the invention relates to a trellis beam comprising a structure obtained from a blade assembly device as described above.

And finally, the invention relates to a method of manufacturing a wall or a truss as described above, comprising the following steps:

for each cross member, grooving the front face along the axis D1 along the entire length of the cross member, then along the axis D2 over the entire width of the cross member at least at the contact interfaces;

for each cross, grooving the rear face along the axis D1 along the entire length of the cross;

for each amount, grooving of the front face along the axis D2 over the entire length of the upright, then along the axis D1 over the entire width of the upright at least at the contact interfaces;

- For each amount, grooving the rear face along the axis D2 along the entire length of the amount; - Interlocking and holding against each other blades intended to be in contact, one after the other, so as to form the structure of the wooden wall;

- Fixing the blades with each other along the axis D3.

Presentation of figures

The invention will be better understood, and other objects, details, features and advantages thereof will become more clearly apparent in the following detailed explanatory description of at least one embodiment of the invention given to As a purely illustrative and non-limiting example, with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings.

On these drawings:

- Figure 1 illustrates a structure used as a floor and a structure serving as a wall;

Figure 2 shows the equilibrium of an amount;

Figure 3 is an exploded view of the front faces of uprights and sleepers assembled to form a structure according to the prior art;

- Figure 4 is an exploded view of the rear faces of uprights and crosses assembled to form a structure according to the prior art;

FIG. 5 is an exploded view of the front faces of uprights and crosspieces assembled to form a structure according to the invention;

- Figure 8 is an exploded view of the rear faces of uprights and sleepers assembled to form a structure according to the invention;

- Figure 7 shows the general balance! a wall with a transmission of horizontal forces;

- Figure 8 shows the general balance of a wall with a transmission of vertical forces;

Figures 9, 10 and 11 show various possible orientations of the grooving on the blades as a function of the angle between the blades;

- Figures 12, 13 and 14 illustrate three possible arrangements of a structure forming a floor;

- Figure 15 is an enlarged view of pins;

- Figure 16 shows a lattice girder according to the invention. detailed description

Figures 5 and 8 show the device according to the invention. The same references as those shown in Figures 3 and 4 are used for the elements having an identical structure or similar functions.

Referring to Figures 5 and 6, there is shown an assembly of blades formed by a superposition of sleepers 3 and uprights 2. For clarity, only a blade portion of the uprights 2 and a blade portion of the sleepers 3 are shown, in order to visualize their assembly. These crosspieces 3 and these uprights 2 form a structure 1 for making a wall for a wall or a floor of a wooden construction, as shown in FIG.

In FIG. 5, the front faces 3a of the crosspieces 3 and the front faces 2a of the uprights 2 are shown.

In FIG. 6, the rear faces 3b of the crosspieces 3 and the rear faces 2b of the uprights 2 are shown.

These amounts 2 and sleepers 3 are preferably wood. However, they could be designed in any other material allowing the manufacture of blades with grooves and pins. For example, it is conceivable that the blades are molded or extruded.

These uprights 2 and crosspieces 3 are assembled at contact interfaces 5 shown in dashed lines on the last two blades.

In the example shown, the uprights 2 are assembled perpendicular to the crosspieces 3. In this case, the uprights 2 are oriented along the Y axis and the crosspieces 3 are oriented along the X axis, the X and Y axes being orthogonal. .

In this example, each face 3a before a cross member 3 and provided with a groove oriented along a blocking axis D1, parallel to the axis X in this case, and which corresponds to the wood grain. This grooving is practiced over the entire length of the blade preferably. But it could be practiced only at the contact interface 5, the rest of the blade being smooth for example. In addition to this grooving along the axis D1, another grooving along a locking pin D2, parallel to the axis Y in this case, is made on the crossbar 3, but only at the contact interface 5, across the width of the blade. The combination of the grooving along the axis D1 and the grooving along the axis D2 forms a tingled zone. In the end, we obtain a square-shaped area with spikes at the level of the contact interface 5 on the front face 3a of the cross member 3 Such a picotée zone is illustrated in FIG. 15

Each front face 3a of a cross member 3 is intended to be brought into contact with a rear face 2b of a post 2.

The rear faces 2b of the uprights 2 comprise a grooving along the axis D2 made over the entire length of the blade preferably. But it could be practiced only at the contact interface 5, the rest of the blade being smooth for example. Thus, the rear face 2b of the upright 2 comprises a simple grooving along the axis D2 at the contact interface 5 with the front face 3a of the crossbar 3.

The pins made on the contact interface 5 of the front face 3a of the cross member 3 are intended to be inserted in the grooves formed in the rear face 2b of the upright 2. Once the interlocking is achieved, it does not there is more relative movement between the two blades along the locking pin D1 because the pins abut against the reliefs of the grooves.

However, there is still a relative movement between the two blades along the axis D2, because the pins can slide inside the grooves of the grooves.

It is therefore necessary to add a third blade to obtain a blocking along the axis D2.

To do this, the front face 2a of the upright 2 is provided with a grooving oriented along the blocking axis D2, parallel to the Y axis, and which corresponds to the wood grain. This grooving is practiced over the entire length of the blade preferably. But it could be practiced only at the contact interface 5, the rest of the blade being smooth for example. In addition to this grooving along the axis D2, another grooving along the locking pin D1, parallel to the axis X, is made on the upright 2, but only at the contact interface 5, and this across the width of the blade. The combination of the grooving along the axis D2 and the grooving along the axis D1 forms a tingled zone. Finally, we obtain a trapezoidal and square shaped area with pins at the contact interface 5 on the front face 2a of the upright 2.

This front face 2a of the upright 2 is intended to be brought into contact with a rear face 3b of a crossbar 3.

The rear face 3b of the crosspiece 3 comprises a grooving along the axis D1 practiced over the entire length of the blade preferably. But it could be practiced only at level of the contact interface 5, the rest of the blade being smooth for example. Thus the rear face 3b of the cross member 3 has a simple grooving along the axis D1 at the contact interface 5 with the front face 2a of the upright 2.

The pins made on the contact interface 5 of the front face 2a of the upright 2 are intended to be inserted into the grooves formed in the rear face 3b of the crossbar 3. Once the interlocking is achieved, it does not there is more relative movement between the two blades according to the locking pin D2 because the pins abut against the reliefs of the grooves. Between the front face 2a of an upright 2 and the rear face 3b of a crossbar 3, there will still be a relative movement between the two blades along the axis D1 because the pins can slide inside the grooves of the grooves.

An adhesive-free fixing device is added at the level of the contact interfaces 5 to block any relative displacement of the blades along the blocking axis D3, orthogonal to the axes D1 and D2, and parallel to the axis Z, itself orthogonal to the X and Y axes. This glueless fixture can be one or more screws. These screws are used to keep the blades interlocked with each other.

Preferably, four screws are used to assemble the blades along the Z axis, at each contact interface 5. Thanks to this interlocking technique, it is possible to position the screws much closer to the edges of the blades relative to each other. at their location in the prior art.

Finally, by successively fitting an upright 2, a cross member 3 and a second upright 2 and then screwing, we obtain an assembly device with a blocking along the three axes D1, D2 and D3.

Similarly, successively fitting a cross member 3, an upright 2, and a second cross member 3, then by screwing, there is obtained an assembly device with a blocking along the three axes D1, D2 and D3.

In such a structure used for a construction, the thickness of the walls is in general relatively large, since the functional panels also represent a certain thickness so that they can fulfill their functional criteria. As a rule, the structure has a superposition of 5 to 10 blades at least. Therefore, the superposition of at least three blades is always performed, regardless of the structure. It should be noted that the front faces of the first tears and the rear faces of the last blades of the structure 1, whether of upright 2 or crossbar 3, and which are not in contact with any other blade, do not do not need to have a tingled area. They can therefore have a simple grooving or even be smooth.

Figure 7 shows the general equilibrium of a wall node with a transmission of horizontal forces. Figure 8 shows the general equilibrium of a wall node with a transmission of vertical forces.

The front faces 2a, 3a of the uprights 2 and crosspieces 3 having received spikes allow normal force transfers that is to say parallel forces to the fibers of the blades. These forces are represented by the arrows oriented along the X and Y directions in FIG. 7.

In this figure 7, it is clearly visible that there is a transmission of a normal force of each cross member 3 on the rear face 2b of all the uprights 2 that it adjoins in the wall.

In Figure 8, it is clearly visible that there is a transmission of a cutting load of each cross member 3 on the front face 2a of all amounts 2 it adjoins, this cutting load being transformed into normal force.

The fact that the uprights 2 are able to transfer a normal force by pinched assembly allows to balance by wood-on-wood assembly the sum of the moments that receives a crosspiece blade 3 to each of these assemblies. Thus, all the planar forces that pass through the wall are balanced by the assembly by grooves and pins: the screws are present in this yaws system only to prevent the dislocation of the pins.

The assembly device according to the invention also makes it possible to be used to manufacture walls having specific angles, for example for a roof, or to support a floor, or the like. These are the cases presented in Figures 9, 10 and 11.

In these figures are shown each time a cross 3 and an amount 2, the cross member 3 being ready to be returned to 180 ° to fit on the upright 2. The cross 3 as turned is shown in dashed lines.

The uprights 2 are no longer perpendicular to the crosspieces 3. There is an angle a different from 90 ° between each upright 2 and each cross member 3. Thus, there is an angle α between the X and Y axes. The Z axis is always orthogonal to the X and Y axes.

For example in Figure 9, the upright 2 is provided with longitudinal grooves oriented along the blocking axis D2, parallel to the Y axis, and following the wood grain. At the level of the contact interface 5 with the cross member 3, the upright 2 is also provided with grooves oriented along the blocking axis D1, orthogonal to the axis D2, over the entire width of the blade. In this case, the angle b between the axes D1 and D2 is equal to 90 °. Thus, in the contact interface 5 of the upright 2 there is a zone with pins. The locking pin D3 is always orthogonal to the axes D1 and D2. The cross member 3 is provided with grooves oriented along the locking pin D1, when it is turned on the upright 2. The crossbar 3 is preferably grooved only at the contact interface 5. When the crossbar 3 is mounted on the amount 2, there is a degree of freedom between them represented by the double arrow.

For example in Figure 10, the upright 2 is provided with longitudinal grooves oriented along the blocking axis D2, parallel to the Y axis, and along the wood grain. At the level of the contact interface 5 with the crosspiece 3, the post 2 is also provided with grooves oriented along the blocking axis D1, making an angle b different from 90 ° with the axis D2, over the entire width of the blade.

Thus, in the contact interface 5 of the upright 2 there is a zone with pins, the pins having a parallelogram shape. The cross member 3 is provided with grooves oriented along the locking pin D1, when returned to the upright. When the crossbar 3 is mounted on the upright 2, there is a degree of freedom between them represented by the double arrow.

Finally, in the example in Figure 11, the cross member 3 is grooved longitudinally with an orientation along the blocking axis D1, parallel to the axis X, along the wood grain. The amount 2 is provided, at the contact interface 5 with the cross member 3, a first groove also oriented along the locking pin D1, and a second grooving oriented along the axis blocking D2, D2 being perpendicular to D1 in this case. When the crossbar 3 is mounted on the upright 2, there is a degree of freedom between them represented by the double arrow.

These are only examples of others, and other designs may be considered. In any case, this assembly of crosspieces 3 and uprights 2 angularly, with an angle other than 90 °, requires at least a superposition of three blades 4, as we have seen previously.

With this joining technique according to the invention, it is possible to create a structure 1 forming a floor in several different ways. In this case, according to Figure 12, the blades are positioned vertically and aligned one behind the other in a horizontal direction. The blades are crossed at 90 °.

In Figure 13, the blades are positioned horizontally and aligned one behind the other in a vertical direction. The blades are crossed at 90 °.

In Figure 14, the blades are positioned vertically and aligned one behind the other in a horizontal direction. Preferably, the assembly order is as follows, and is repeated over the entire width of the floor:

a long blade positioned along the entire length of the floor

- several short blades oriented at + 45 °, with a certain pitch between the short blades

- a long blade positioned along the entire length of the floor

- several short blades oriented at -45 °, with a certain pitch between the short blades.

The short blades are thus crossed at + or - 45 ° alternately from one row to another.

The advantage with this technique is that it is possible to use small pieces of blades, or even falls, for the realization of these floors.

Whatever the variant (FIG. 12 or 13 or 14), the height h of the floor is identical.

With this assembly technique according to the invention, it is also possible to produce lattice girders, as illustrated in FIG.

In this example of a truss beam, the principle is somewhat similar to that of Figure 14 in blade alignment, but it is performed on two levels of height.

Specifically, the blades are positioned vertically and aligned one behind the other in a horizontal direction. Preferably, the assembly order is as follows, and is repeated over the entire width of the beam:

- on a first row: a long blade positioned along the entire length of the beam, at the low level, and a long blade positioned over the entire length of the beam, at the high level

on a second row: several short blades oriented at + 45 ° or -45 ° or at 90 °, with a certain pitch between them, and extending from the low level to the high level

The short blades are thus sandwiched between the long blades.

The short blades do not have the same orientation from one row to another, so as to be able to balance the forces across the width of the beam. With respect to the above description, the optimal dimensional relationships for the parts of the invention, including variations in size, materials, shapes, function and modes of operation, assembly and use are considered apparent and obvious to those skilled in the art, and all equivalent relationships are illustrated in the drawings and what is described in the specification are meant to be included in the present invention.

Claims

claims

1. Blade assembly device 4 for the manufacture of a structure 1 of a wall or a lattice beam, characterized in that it comprises:

at least one layer having blades 4 oriented along a first axis X and called "crosspieces 3", each crosspiece 3 having:

a front face 3a provided, at least at the level of the entirety of a contact interface 5 with another blade 4, of a picotée zone formed by a grooving oriented along a blocking axis D1 as well as an oriented grooving along a blocking axis D2;

o a rear face 3b provided, at least at the level of the entirety of a contact interface 5 with another blade 4, a grooving oriented along the locking pin D1;

at least one layer having blades 4 oriented along a second axis Y and called "uprights 2", each upright 2 having:

o a front face 2a provided, at least at the level of the entirety of a contact interface 5 with another blade 4, a picotée zone formed by a grooving oriented along the blocking axis D2 and a grooving oriented along the blocking axis D1;

o a rear face 2b provided, at least at the level of the entirety of a contact interface 5 with another blade 4, a grooving oriented along the blocking axis D2;

the layers of sleepers 3 and uprights 2 being superimposed alternately so as to cross the sleepers 3 and the uprights 2, the crossing zones corresponding to said contact interfaces 5 between the sleepers 3 and the uprights 2,

the front face 3a of a cross member 3 being in contact with the rear face 2b of an upright 2 at a contact interface 5 so as to block their sliding relative to each other along the axis D1 blocking, the rear face 3b of a cross member 3 being in contact with the front face 2a of a post 2 at a contact interface 5 so as to block their sliding relative to each other according to the blocking axis D2, the crosspieces 3 and the uprights 2 being fixed together at their contact interfaces 5 by non-sticking fastening means so as to prevent their relative displacement along a locking pin D3, the locking pin D3 being perpendicular to the axes of blocé

and D2,

said device comprising a superposition of at least three layers of crossed blades 4.

2. Device for assembling blades 4 according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the locking pin D1 is parallel to the axis X.

3. blade assembly device 4 according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the locking pin D2 is parallel to the Y axis.

4. blade assembly device 4 according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the X axis is perpendicular to the Y axis.

5. blade assembly device 4 according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the locking pin D1 is perpendicular to the locking pin D2.

6. blade assembly device 4 according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, for each cross member 3, when the locking pin D1 is parallel to the axis X, the grooving oriented along the axis of D1 blocking consists of a plurality of parallel grooves extending longitudinally along the entire length of the crossbar 3.

7. Device for assembling blades 4 according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for each upright 2, when the locking pin D2 is parallel to the Y axis, the grooving oriented along the axis of block D2 consists of a plurality of parallel grooves extending longitudinally along the entire length of the upright 2.

8. Device for assembling blades 4 according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, for each cross member 3, the grooving oriented along the locking pin D2 consists of a plurality of parallel grooves extending transversely over any the width of the cross member 3 at least at the contact interface 5.

9. Device for assembling blades 4 according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, for each upright 2, the grooving oriented along the locking pin D1 consists of a plurality of parallel grooves extending transversely over any the width of the upright 2 at least at the contact interface 5.

10. Device for assembling blades 4 according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the picotée zone comprises pins sized to fit into grooves grooving provided on the adjacent blade 4 in contact.

11. Device for assembling blades 4 according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said non-sticking fastening means consist of screws 6.

12. Device for assembling blades 4 according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the blades 4 are made of wood.

13. Wall comprising:

a structure 1 obtained from a blade assembly device 4 as described in claims 1 to 12;

functional plates of the plate type with thermal and / or sound insulation, inserted between the blades 4 of the structure 1.

14. A truss comprising a structure 1 obtained from a blade assembly device 4 as described in claims 1 to 12.

A method of manufacturing a wall or beam according to claim 13 or 14, comprising the steps of:

- For each cross member 3, grooving the front face 3a along the axis D1 along the entire length of the cross member 3, then along the axis D2 over the entire width of the cross member 3 at least at the contact interfaces 5;

- For each cross member 3, grooving the rear face 3b along the axis D1 over the entire length of the crossbar 3;

for each upright 2, grooving the front face 2a along the axis D2 along the entire length of the upright 2, then along the axis D1 over the entire width of the upright 2 at least at the contact interfaces 5;

for each upright 2, scoring of the rear face 2b along the axis D2 along the entire length of the upright 2; interlocking and holding one against the other of the blades 4 intended to be in contact, one after the other, so as to form the structure 1 e the wooden wall;

- Fixing the blades 4 with each other along the axis D3.