CH719076A1 - Beam or column of a building system. - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention proposes a hollow beam or post of a construction system, the beam or the post comprising a core element (A) formed of a hollow central element (7) provided in section with four diametrically opposed external hollow protuberances in outwardly flared and cross-arranged dovetail shape, said four outer hollow protrusions having closely spaced inner ends (2) which are spaced from the closer inner ends of adjacent outer hollow protrusions and are connected by segments of the hollow central element, and four rectilinear hollow surrounding elements which are assembled around the core element (A) forming a square which surrounds the core element (A), the four surrounding elements having a cross-sectional shape internal complementary to the four diametrically opposed external protrusions of the core element (A).

Description

The present invention relates to a beam or post of a construction system, in particular for a module of a building, a dwelling or a garage, or furniture, the main elements of which may be made of plastic material, in particular of recycled plastic material or recycled wood, or any other object constructed by assembling this construction system, the elements of which may be made of plastic and/or composite material.

[0002] EP3781754, in the name of the applicant, describes a system for constructing a module of a building, comprising a plurality of core construction elements which each comprise in section a cross comprising two main arms of equal length, the arms main arms intersecting at mid-length at right angles, each core construction element having a plane of symmetry around the axes of each main arm, the main arms optionally terminating at their ends in transverse parts whose length is less than the length main arms. A plurality of surrounding building elements of the core elements, each surrounding element being composed of four partial surrounding parts which are assembled around a core element. The partial surround parts each have a section essentially of an isosceles-rectangle triangle having a long side and two slanted sides which form a right angle, the four partial surround parts, when assembled, are arranged with their long side on the outside and the sloping sides terminating at the right angle on the inside towards the center of the cross of a core element, thus forming a square that surrounds the cross of the core element, these partial surrounding parts triangular with openings and/or cutouts which surround the cross of the core element.

[0003] Such a construction system is easy to assemble and robust.

The present invention proposes a beam or a post making it possible to produce a construction system whose assembly, for a large number of buildings, is simplified and even more rigid with an even smaller number of standardized parts to constitute the elements of construction.

The present invention therefore makes it possible to optimize and rationalize the use of beams or posts, to benefit from the best ratio for architectural modularity, as well as for structural efforts.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by virtue of a beam or a hollow post of a building system, the beam or the post comprising a core element formed of a rectilinear central hollow element provided in section with four external diametrically opposed dovetail-shaped hollow protrusions flared outward and arranged in a cross. These four outer hollow protrusions have inner close ends which are spaced from the inner close ends of the adjacent outer hollow protrusions and are connected by segments of the central hollow member.

[0007] Four rectilinear hollow surrounding elements are assembled around the core element forming a square which surrounds the core element, the four surrounding elements having in section an internal shape complementary to the four diametrically opposed external protrusions of the core element.

In one embodiment, an inner end of an outer hollow protrusion of the core element is connected, by an extension of a segment of the hollow central element, to the opposite outer end of this protrusion. external hollow.

[0009]According to this embodiment, each surrounding element comprises two internal hollow projections which engage around the dovetail shape of one of the diametrically opposed external protuberances of the core element, the projections internal hollows of two adjacent surrounding elements filling the space around a segment of the central hollow element and between two adjacent hollow protrusions of the core element.

[0010] Preferably, the internal hollow projections of each surrounding element are carried by a part which forms an essentially rectilinear external side of the beam or of the post.

According to this preferred embodiment, said part which carries the internal projections of each surrounding element comprises inclined sides provided on one side with a projection and on the other side with a recess, this projection on the sloping side of a part that fits into the recess on the sloping side of an adjacent part when the beam or column is assembled.

[0012] Still according to this preferred embodiment, the part which carries the internal projections of each surrounding element comprises a rectilinear external face with recesses, this external face defining on each side, with its inclined flank, an opening which extends along the beam or column.

[0013] In one embodiment, the part which carries the internal projections of each surrounding element comprises a plurality of openings which extend along the beam or the post and which are capable of receiving inserts for join two beams or posts end to end.

[0014] According to this embodiment, each insert has a rib arranged to block the inserted insert in an opening of the surrounding element.

[0015] Associated with an elongated profile of shape, in section, essentially rectangular provided with two projections on one side and a recess on the opposite side, the projections are arranged to be assembled with the rectilinear external face of an element of surrounding of the beam or column with its recesses.

The present invention relates to a set of several beams or hollow posts of a construction system according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a plurality of beams all of the same length and a plurality of posts all of the same length. It is during the assembly, in particular for the posts, that the dimensions will be adjusted according to the structure to be assembled.

[0017] The invention also relates to an assembly of several beams or hollow posts of a construction system, in which at least one beam or at least one post is reinforced by a cylindrical or tubular part inserted into the hollow of the element center of a kernel element.

[0018] Preferably, the beams and/or the posts are assembled end-to-end by inserts inserted into the ends of the openings which extend along the surrounding elements.

In the context of multi-storey structures, two adjacent sides of a central post are each fixed to another post, the height of the construction being determined by the length of the central post.

According to the present invention, the constructions can be made in 6 directions (up, down, left, right, front, back).

The characteristics of the invention will appear more clearly on reading the following description of several embodiments given solely by way of example with reference to the schematic figures, in which: Figure 1 a perspective view of a post or beam according to the present invention; FIG. 2 represents a partial view of a tubular-shaped reinforcing element; FIG. 3 represents a partial perspective view of a central core element; Figure 4 shows a partial perspective view of an intermediate support profile; FIG. 5A represents a partial view of a rectilinear hollow surrounding element; FIG. 5B represents a partial view of a variant of a rectilinear hollow surrounding element; Figure 6A shows a perspective view of an insert; Figure 6B shows a perspective view of a tube bracket; Figure 7 shows a perspective view of an assembled construction module; Figures 8A, 8B and 8C each represent a subset of the building module of Figure 7, Figure 9 shows a perspective view of a base building module; Figure 10 shows a perspective view of an assembly of four base building modules FIG. 11 represents a perspective view of a floor arranged to be placed in a building according to the present invention; Figure 12 shows a perspective view of a floor reinforcement; Figures 13A and 13B each show a sectional view of a floor profile of Figure 11; Figure 14 shows a perspective view of a floor arranged between beams; And Figures 15A, 15B and 15C show accessories for fixing posts.

The invention provides a hollow beam or post of a building system.

As illustrated in Figure 1, the beam or the post comprises a core element A formed of a central hollow rectilinear element 7 provided in section with four external hollow protuberances 1 diametrically opposed in the shape of a dovetail flared towards the outside and arranged in a cross, these four outer hollow protuberances 1 having close inner ends 2 which are spaced from the closer inner ends of the adjacent outer hollow protrusions and are connected by segments 3 of the hollow central element.

[0024] The beam or the post comprises four rectilinear hollow surrounding elements B which are assembled around the core element A forming a square which surrounds the core element A, the four surrounding elements B having in cross-section an internal shape complementary to the four diametrically opposed external protuberances 1 of the core element A.

As illustrated in Figure 3, an inner end 2 of an outer hollow protuberance 1 of the core element is connected, by an extension 4 of a segment 3 of the hollow central element, to the outer end opposite 5 of this external hollow protuberance 1.

As illustrated in Figure 5A, each surround element B has two internal hollow projections 6 which engage around the dovetail shape of one of the diametrically opposed external protuberances of the core element A (see figure 1), the internal hollow projections 6 of two adjacent surround elements B filling the space around a segment 3 (see figure 3) of the hollow central element and between two adjacent hollow protrusions 6 of the core element.

As illustrated in Figures 5A and 5B, the internal hollow projections 6 of each surrounding element B are carried by a part 10 which forms an essentially rectilinear external side of the beam or post.

The part 10 which carries the internal projections of each surrounding element B comprises inclined sides 8, 9 provided on one side with a projection 8A and on the other side with a recess 9A, this projection 8A on the inclined side 8 of a part which is inserted into the depression 9A on the inclined side 9 of an adjacent part when the beam or the post is assembled.

The part 10 which carries the internal projections 6 of each surrounding element B has a rectilinear outer face with recesses 10A, 10B, this outer face defining on each side, with its inclined side 8, 9, an opening 10A ', 10B' which extends along the beam or column.

The part 10 which carries the internal projections 6 of each surrounding element B comprises a plurality of openings 11 which extend along the beam or the post and which are adapted to receive inserts 12 (see figure 6A) to join two beams or posts end-to-end.

[0031] Each insert 12 comprises a rib 13 arranged to block the insert 12 inserted into an opening 11 of the surround element B.

As illustrated in Figure 5B, a variant of a rectilinear hollow surrounding element allows inserts to be inserted and ensure continuity between two beams or posts without this being interrupted, in particular thanks to the groove 14 arranged in the opening 10A, 10B which extends along the beam or post.

The beam or the post, associated with an elongated profile D of shape, in section, essentially rectangular provided with two projections 15 on one side and a recess 16 on the opposite side, the projections 15 are arranged to fit together to the rectilinear outer face of an entourage element B of the beam or of the post with its recesses 10A, 10B.

As illustrated in Figure 7, a set of several hollow beams or posts of a construction system comprises a plurality of beams all of the same length and a plurality of posts all of the same length.

In a variant, the system according to the invention usually comprises a plurality of core construction elements 1 and a plurality of surrounding construction elements 2 of the core elements, each of a standard length or in several lengths. standardized.

When assembling a structure, and for better reinforcement at least one beam or at least one post is reinforced by a cylindrical or tubular part 17 (see Figure 2) inserted into the hollow 7 of the element center of a core element A, as well as a tube bracket 21 (see FIG. 6B). The tube bracket 21 also comprises four blades arranged to be fixed in the grooves of surrounding profiles B.

[0037] An assembly of several beams or hollow posts of a construction system according to claim 11, in which the beams and/or posts are joined end-to-end by inserts 12 inserted into the ends 11 of the openings which extend along the surrounding elements (B).

As illustrated in Figure 7, the two adjacent sides of the central corner post are each fixed to another post, the height of the construction being determined by the length of the central corner post.

In the context of the use of beams or posts for a dwelling, it is important to take into account the fact that the standard spacing between two posts is 325 cm, and the standard spacing between the beams, thus defining the height is 280 cm.

As illustrated in Figure 9, the module built is a 740 cm square to which 15 cm of external insulation should be added, i.e. 755 cm per side, with a central intermediate post under the beams at 325 cm from the posts in corners, this configuration gives off a living area of 50.4 m2 with a single central post to the space, the other posts and beams being in the walls.

In this example, the standard module is built with ten 680 cm beams and nine posts (five intermediate 280 cm posts and four 340 cm posts), which represents a total of 95.6 meters of A profiles, 382.4 meters of B profiles and 22.4 meters of D profiles.

Thus, a neighboring standard module sharing a face represents 77.8 meters of A profiles, 311.2 meters of B profiles and 16.8 meters of D profiles.

[0043] In the same way, the ratio improves as surfaces are shared, so that a standard upstairs module sharing a ceiling/floor represents 61.6 meters of A profiles, 246 .4 meters of B profiles and 22.4 meters of D profiles.

[0044] On the basis of the above information, a construction, for example a 151.2 m2 house made up of three standard modules, two side by side and the third upstairs represents: 235 meters of profiles A, 940 meters of profiles B and 61.6 meters of D profiles, which represents a total of 1236.6 linear meters of profiles.

[0045] This standard configuration is only given by way of example and the dimensions may vary without posing any structural problem.

In the example illustrated in Figure 10, an assembly of four basic construction modules makes it possible to extend the living area by saving on the number of posts/beams per square meter, in particular by the fact that it is not useful to duplicate the posts at each junction between two basic modules.

In the example illustrated in Figure 7, the construction can be self-supporting on piles, pillars or raft.

[0048] The constructive system induces lengths of standard A, B and D profiles allowing pre-assembly in unit posts, intermediate posts, beams, ¿ beams for faster assembly, but this pre-assembly is essentially suitable for structures with two levels (Ground floor + one floor).

[0049] For higher configurations, such as that illustrated in Figure 7, or requiring posts and/or beams longer than a 340 cm beam, the assembly has been designed in such a way as to allow form a post or a beam by alternately assembling sections A and B of intermediate length like pieces of a puzzle. This assembly makes it possible to obtain a post or a continuous beam thus making it possible to avoid fragile connection zones, while respecting the correct distances between the interruption of one or other of the five sections, the post or the beam retains all its structural homogeneity.

In order to further reinforce the connections between interrupted profiles, standard housings have been provided in the design to accommodate standard U-shaped (aluminum) profile ends or inserts 12.

[0051] Profile A and profile D have been designed to receive reinforcement tubes (steel or composite protrusion) thus making it possible, if necessary, to stiffen the beam or the post as well as the continuous post and beam assemblies, ensuring increased strength at structural corners.

[0052] To construct a building with five habitable floors + roof, an original assembly was developed, the assembly consisting of the interweaving of three two-storey structures to make six levels, each of the three structures being structurally independent. on the other, though connected by their own corner posts. This assembly fully respects the configuration of the standard module and does not change the living space of 51.2 m2.

[0053] Thanks to this assembly, the five superimposed floors + roofs present the efforts and the structural moments equivalent to those of two superimposed modules.

[0054] This configuration fixed to the slab only slightly increases the linear meters of profiles: because two of the top beams of the three nested structures rest on the tops of the posts, which avoids the need for support from the D profile.

As shown in Figure 8C, the outer corner structure provides the 5th and 6th landing with in this example a height of 18.90 meters. As illustrated in FIG. 8B, the first intermediate wedge structure provides the 2nd and 4th landing with, in this example, a height of 12.70 meters. As illustrated in Figure 8A, the external structure in corners provides the 1st and 3rd landing with in this example a height of 9.60 meters.

For assembly, the profiles A, B and D slide relative to each other. A deliberately staggered assembly of the profiles, makes it possible to avoid creating weak areas in the structure of the post or the continuous beam, light and easy to handle, they are built directly during the construction site, like a puzzle up to the desired length or very close to it before adjustment.

[0057] The interruptions of profiles B/B and D/D being reinforced by the insertion of standard profiles in U and/or A and D by the tubes

The posts or beams of the present invention can be made of plastic material, in particular recycled plastic material or recycled wood, allowing robust construction using a reduced number of standardized parts to constitute the construction elements.

The hollow body of profiles A and B is intended for example to receive wiring or piping. It can also contribute to insulation or to reinforcement by filling with hardened earth or cement, for example.

Thanks to the present invention, it is possible to form a post, or a beam of infinite length by the successive addition of sections A, B of variable length, interrupted intermittently, relative to each other, in particular by the arrangement of inserts.

In order not to weaken the structure of each post or beam, a reinforcing tube or stiffener can be arranged in the housings of the sections A and B, in particular by sliding.

As illustrated in Figures 8A, 8B and 8C, the assembly of a six-storey building is achieved in this example by inserting two rectangles perpendicularly into a rectangle, and by superimposing their sides along their length. and/or in their width so that they intersect without hindering each other to form levels into floors. The successive floors and/or ceilings of these three load-bearing cubic structures of variable height are nested but independent in posts and assembled beams.

Of course, the number of floors can be different from six floors and in particular be much higher, for example thirty floors.

As illustrated in Figure 11, floors can be arranged to be placed in a building according to the present invention.

As illustrated in Figure 14, the floor consists of a first elongated profile P1 of shape, in section, essentially rectangular (see Figures 13A and 13B), each end of the first elongated profile P1 resting on a shoe assembly 18 (see Figures 15A, 15B and 15C) comprising a tenon 19 arranged to be assembled with a recess 10A, 10B, and with a second elongated profile P2 of shape, in section, essentially rectangular, each end of the second elongated profile P2 resting on a sabot assembly 18 comprising a tenon 19 arranged to be assembled with the other recess 10A, 10B of the surrounding element B, the first elongated profile P1 and the second elongated profile P2 being perpendicular to one another 'other. As illustrated in FIG. 15C, the U-shaped stud 19 is associated with a chamfered part 22, by screwing in this example, so that when the operation of screwing the chamfered part 22 and the U-shaped stud 19 causes the spacing of the two opposite lateral parts of said U-shaped tenon 19 which has the effect of blocking the tenon assembly, chamfered piece shoe in the recesses 10A, 10B.

Thus, the beams have two symmetrical rails, or recesses 10A, 10B in their lengths also serving to slide and position the support tooling in the form of a shoe assembly 18, 19, for holding the beams, in particular in wood, WPC, etc. of a floor and/or a ceiling.

[0067] In addition to constituting floors and/or ceilings, the beam posts, according to the same configuration, can be arranged so as to produce internal partitions to delimit spaces and rooms, the partitions being orthogonal with respect to a floor. or a ceiling.

The spaces arranged between the elongated profiles P1 and the elongated profiles P2 make it possible to integrate the elements necessary for the use of the assembled part, for example insulation, wiring or piping.

[0069] The upper recess 10A is used for attaching the shoe assemblies in the lengthwise direction, while the lower recess 10B is used for attaching the shoe assemblies in the width direction, thus forming a trellis of perpendicular beams at regular intervals. A cross-shaped floor reinforcement 20 is designed to connect the lower beams with the upper one when they intersect in order to stiffen the assembly and reinforce it structurally (see FIG. 12).

[0070] The cross mounting of the D profiles makes it possible to reinforce the floor structure.

[0071] A housing module according to the present invention has the advantage of being easy and quick to assemble and complies with the standards on load-bearing structures.

[0072] In all executions, the term plastic should be understood to mean any material that can be recycled (HDPE, LDPE, PP, PET, PEF, PS, ABS, etc.). Preferably, the recovered plastic parts can be crushed and shredded. Once shredded, the plastic is washed and then dried before being prepared for an extrusion operation. The polymers are melted by heat and a uniform paste is then obtained. After a succession of conventional steps, a grain is obtained. The granules are then extracted from the extruder. Finally, the grains can be used for the manufacture of construction elements according to the present invention. Similarly, shredded, ground and recycled wood or plastic/recycled wood composite materials can be used.

[0073] The construction elements can be manufactured by 3D printing or injection molding or the like.

The construction elements can also be made of composite materials.

Claims (14)

1. Hollow beam or column of a building system, the beam or column comprising: a core element (A) formed of a hollow central element (7) provided in section with four external hollow protuberances (1) diametrically opposed in the shape of a dovetail flared outwards and arranged in a cross, these four protuberances outer hollows (1) having inner close ends (2) which are spaced from inner close ends of adjacent outer hollow protuberances and are connected by segments (3) of the central hollow member, and four rectilinear hollow surrounding elements (B) which are assembled around the core element (A) forming a square which surrounds the core element (A), the four surrounding elements (B) having in cross-section a internal shape complementary to the four diametrically opposed external protuberances (1) of the core element (A). 2. Beam or post according to claim 1, wherein an inner end (2) of an outer hollow protuberance (1) of the core element is connected, by an extension (4) of a segment (3) of the hollow central element, at the opposite outer end (5) of this outer hollow protuberance (1). 3. Beam or post according to claim 1 or 2, wherein each surrounding element (B) comprises two internal hollow projections (6) which engage around the dovetail shape of one of the external protuberances (1) diametrically opposed to the core element (A), the internal hollow projections (6) of two adjacent surrounding elements (B) filling the space around a segment (3) of the central hollow element ( A) and between two adjacent hollow protuberances (6) of the core element. 4. Beam or post according to claim 3, wherein the internal hollow projections (6) of each surrounding element (B) are carried by a part (10) which forms an essentially rectilinear external side of the beam or post. 5. Beam or post according to claim 4, wherein said part (10) which carries the internal projections of each surrounding element (B) comprises inclined flanks (8, 9) provided on one side with a projection (8A ) and on the other side of a recess (9A), this projection (8A) on the inclined side (8) of a part being inserted into the recess (9A) on the inclined side (9) d an adjacent part when the beam or column is assembled. 6. Beam or post according to claim 5, wherein said part (10) which carries the internal projections (6) of each surrounding element (B) has a rectilinear external face with recesses (10A, 10B), this external face defining on each side, with its inclined flank (8, 9), an opening (10A', 10B') which extends along the beam or the post. 7. Beam or post according to claim 4, 5 or 6, wherein said part (10) which carries the internal projections (6) of each surrounding element (B) comprises a plurality of openings (11) which extend along the beam or the post and which are able to receive inserts (12) to secure two beams or posts end-to-end. 8. Beam or post according to claim 7, wherein each insert (12) comprises a rib (13) arranged to lock the insert (12) inserted into an opening (11) of the surround element (B). 9. Beam or post according to claim 6, 7 or 8, associated with an elongated profile (D) of shape, in section, essentially rectangular provided with two projections (15) on one side and a recess (16) on the side opposite, the projections (15) being arranged to be assembled with the rectilinear external face of an entourage element (B) of the beam or of the post with its recesses (10A, 10B). 10. Beam or post according to claim 6, 7, 8 or 9, associated with a first elongated profile (P1) of shape, in section, essentially rectangular, each end of the first elongated profile (P1) resting on a shoe assembly comprising a tenon (19) arranged to be assembled with a recess (10A, 10B), and with a second elongated profile (P2) of shape, in section, essentially rectangular, each end of the second elongated profile (P2) resting on a shoe assembly (18) comprising a tenon (19) arranged to be assembled with the other recess (10A, 10B) of the surrounding element (B), the first elongated profile (P1) and the second elongated profile (P2) being perpendicular to each other. 11. A set of several beams or hollow posts of a construction system according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a plurality of beams all of the same length and a plurality of posts all of the same length. 12. An assembly of several beams or hollow posts of a construction system according to claim 11, in which at least one beam or at least one post is reinforced by a cylindrical or tubular part (17) inserted in the hollow (7) from the central element to a core element (A). 13. An assembly of several beams or hollow posts of a building system according to claim 12, in which the beams and/or posts are joined end-to-end by inserts (12) inserted into the ends (11) openings which extend along the surrounding elements (B). 14. An assembly of several beams or hollow posts of a construction system according to one of claims 12 or 13, in which two adjacent sides of a central post are each fixed to another post, the height of the construction being determined by the length of the center post.