Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
  • C09J107/00—Adhesives based on natural rubber
  • C09J107/02—Latex
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
  • B60C1/00—Tyres characterised by the chemical composition or the physical arrangement or mixture of the composition
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
  • B32B25/10—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
  • B32B25/16—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising polydienes homopolymers or poly-halodienes homopolymers
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
  • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
  • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
  • B60C9/00—Reinforcements or ply arrangement of pneumatic tyres
  • B60C9/0042—Reinforcements made of synthetic materials
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G8/00—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G8/00—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only
  • C08G8/04—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes
  • C08G8/06—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes of furfural
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
  • C08J5/12—Bonding of a preformed macromolecular material to the same or other solid material such as metal, glass, leather, e.g. using adhesives
  • C08J5/124—Bonding of a preformed macromolecular material to the same or other solid material such as metal, glass, leather, e.g. using adhesives using adhesives based on a macromolecular component
  • C08J5/127—Aqueous adhesives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L61/00—Compositions of condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • C08L61/04—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only
  • C08L61/06—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes with phenols
  • C08L61/12—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes with phenols with polyhydric phenols
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
  • C09J115/00—Adhesives based on rubber derivatives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
  • C09J161/00—Adhesives based on condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
  • C09J161/04—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only
  • C09J161/06—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes with phenols
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
  • B32B2250/02—2 layers
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
  • B32B2255/02—Coating on the layer surface on fibrous or filamentary layer
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
  • B32B2255/26—Polymeric coating
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J2319/00—Characterised by the use of rubbers not provided for in groups C08J2307/00 - C08J2317/00
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J2367/00—Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
  • C08J2367/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J2377/00—Characterised by the use of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers

Definitions

• the field of the present invention is that of textile materials and adhesive compositions or "glues" for adhering such textile materials to unsaturated rubber matrices such as those commonly used in semi-finished rubber articles or products.
• the present invention is more particularly related to textile materials glued by adhesive layers based on a phenol-aldehyde resin, in particular to glued textile materials capable of reinforcing tire structures.
• RFL resorcinol-formaldehyde-latex
• rubber on polyester or polyamide textile cords such as those commonly used in tires (see for example US 2,561,215, US 3,817,778).
• RFL adhesives comprise, in a well known manner, a thermosetting phenolic resin obtained by the condensation of resorcinol with formaldehyde and one or more diene rubber latex in aqueous solution.
• RFL adhesives confer excellent adhesion of the textile materials to the crosslinkable rubber compositions.
• these RFL glues are not without drawbacks; they include in particular as a basic substance formaldehyde (or formaldehyde) that it is desirable to reduce or even eventually eliminate adhesive compositions, because of the recent evolution of European regulations on this type of compound.
• formaldehyde is a compound derived from petroleum which we want as possible to get rid of for reasons of rarefaction.
• a first subject of the invention relates to an aqueous adhesive composition
• an aqueous adhesive composition comprising at least on the one hand A) a phenol-aldehyde resin and, on the other hand, B) an unsaturated elastomer latex, in which the phenol-aldehyde resin is based on at least:
• X includes N, S or O
• R represents -H or -CHO
• the latter in the case of a single aromatic ring, the latter carries two or three hydroxyl functions in the meta position with respect to each other or to each other, the remainder of the aromatic ring being unsubstituted; in the case of several aromatic nuclei, at least two of them are each carrying two or three hydroxyl functions in the meta position relative to one another or to each other, it being understood that the two positions ortho of at least one of these hydroxyl functions are unsubstituted.
• Another object of the invention relates to the use of the aqueous adhesive composition according to the invention to adhere by baking a textile material to a crosslinkable rubber composition, and a textile material of which at least a portion is coated with an adhesive layer, said layer comprising an aqueous adhesive composition according to the invention.
• the invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a textile material comprising at least one deposition step on a textile material, an adhesive composition according to the invention.
• the invention also relates to the use of the textile material of the invention as reinforcing element for semi-finished articles or products made of rubber, particularly pneumatic tires, in particular those intended to equip motor vehicles of the type tourism, SUV ⁇ "Sport Utility Vehicles"), two wheels (including bicycles, motorcycles), aircraft, such as industrial vehicles chosen from vans, "heavy vehicles” - that is to say, metro, bus, transport vehicles trucks, tractors, trailers), off-the-road vehicles such as agricultural or civil engineering vehicles, other transport or handling vehicles.
• the invention also relates to any composite (article or semi-finished product) of rubber, in particular any tire, before or after firing (for crosslinking or final vulcanization), comprising a textile material according to the invention.
• iene elastomer or indistinctly rubber is meant an elastomer derived at least in part (that is to say a homopolymer or a copolymer) from monomer (s) diene (s) (ie, carrier (s) two carbon-carbon double bonds, conjugated or not).
• isoprene elastomer is meant a homopolymer or copolymer of isoprene, in other words a diene elastomer selected from the group consisting of natural rubber (NR), synthetic polyisoprenes (IR), the various copolymers of isoprene, isoprene and mixtures of these elastomers.
• any range of values designated by the expression "between a and b" represents the range of values from more than a to less than b (i.e. terminals a and b excluded) while any range of values designated by the term “from a to b” means the range from a to b (i.e., including the strict limits a and b).
• composition based on a composition comprising the mixture and / or the reaction product of the various basic constituents used for this composition (it is called phenol-aldehyde resin pre-condensed) , some of them may be intended to react or likely to react with each other or with their surrounding chemical environment, at least in part, during the various phases of manufacture of the composition, the textile material, composites or finished articles comprising such composites, in particular during a cooking step.
• the aqueous adhesive composition according to the invention therefore comprises at least firstly A) a (at least one) phenol-aldehyde resin and secondly B) an (at least one) unsaturated elastomer latex; this phenol-aldehyde resin is based on at least one (that is to say one or more) aldehyde and at least one (that is to say one or more) polyphenol, constituents that go described in detail below.
• the first essential constituent of the henol-aldehyde resin is an aldehyde of formula (I):
• aldehydes are derived from renewable resources and not from oil.
• the aldehydes are for example from the bio-resource or transformation products of the bio-resource.
• the aldehyde is of general formula (F):
• X represents O.
• aldehyde of general formula (F) In another variant of the aldehyde of general formula (F), X represents O and R represents -CHO.
• the aldehyde used is then 2,5-furanedicarboxaldehyde and is of formula (II 'b):
• X comprises N.
• X represents NH.
• the aldehyde used is of formula (Ma):
• R represents -CHO in the variant of the aldehyde of formula (III 'a) and the aldehyde obtained is then 2,5-1H-pyrroledicarboxaldehyde.
• X represents NR1 with R1 representing an alkyl, aryl arylalkyl, alkylaryl or cycloalkyl group.
• R1 representing an alkyl, aryl arylalkyl, alkylaryl or cycloalkyl group.
• the aldehyde used is of formula (Mb):
• X comprises S.
• X represents S.
• the aldehyde used is of formula (IVa):
• X represents S.
• the aldehyde used is of formula (IVa):
• R represents -CHO in the variant of the aldehyde of formula (IVa) and is then 2,5-thiophene dicarboxaldehyde.
• X represents SR2 with R2 representing an alkyl, aryl arylalkyl, alkylaryl or cycloalkyl group.
• R2 representing an alkyl, aryl arylalkyl, alkylaryl or cycloalkyl group.
• X represents R3-S-R2 with R2, R3 each independently of each other an alkyl, aryl arylalkyl, alkylaryl or cycloalkyl group.
• the aldehyde used is of formula (IVc):
• X represents NH, S or O.
• R representing -H or -CHO and preferably R representing -CHO.
• preference will be given to R in position 5 and the group -CHO in position 2 to the aromatic ring (general formula (1 ')).
• the composition is free of formaldehyde.
• each aldehyde is preferentially different from formaldehyde.
• the composition is then also free of formaldehyde.
• the or each aldehyde of the phenol-aldehyde resin is different from formaldehyde.
• formaldehyde-free means that the mass content of formaldehyde by total weight of the aldehyde or aldehydes is less than or equal to 10%, preferably 5% and more preferably 2%, these percentages corresponding to traces likely to be present in the aldehyde (s) used industrially.
• the second essential component of the phenol-aldehyde resin is a polyphenol having one or more aromatic ring (s).
• a polyphenol having a single aromatic ring In the case of a polyphenol having a single aromatic ring, the latter carries two or three hydroxyl functions in the meta position relative to each other (in the case of two functions) or to each other (in the case of three functions), the remainder of the aromatic ring being by definition unsubstituted; by this is meant that the other carbon atoms of the rest of the aromatic ring (those other than the carbon atoms carrying the hydroxyl functions) carry a single hydrogen atom.
• resorcinol As a preferred example of a polyphenol comprising a single aromatic ring, mention may in particular be made of resorcinol, as a reminder of the structural formula:
• a polyphenol comprising several (two or more) aromatic rings
• at least two of them are each carrying two or three hydroxyl functions in the meta position with respect to each other (in the case of two functions), or with respect to each other (in the case of three functions), it being understood that the two ortho positions of at least one of these hydroxyl functions are unsubstituted; by this is meant that the two carbon atoms located on both sides (in the ortho position) of the hydroxyl carbon atom (i.e., carrying the hydroxyl function) carry a single hydrogen atom.
• polyphenol molecule comprises several aromatic nuclei
• at least two of these aromatic nuclei are chosen from those of general formulas:
• VH-a (VH-b) (VII-c) (VH-d) in which the symbols Z ls Z 2, identical or different if several are present on the same aromatic ring, represent an atom (e.g., carbon, sulfur or oxygen) or a linking group, by definition is at least divalent, linking at least these two aromatic nuclei to the rest of the polyphenol molecule.
• the polyphenol is for example a flavonoid, characterized for recall by a basic structure with 15 carbon atoms, formed by two benzene rings connected by three carbon atoms. More particularly, the flavonoid used is 2 ', 4', 3, 5, 7-pentahydroxyflavone, also called "Morin", of formula (VIII) below:
• this compound is a polyphenol having two aromatic rings (of the respective formulas VII-c and VH-d above), each of which is indeed carrying two hydroxyl functional groups in the meta position with respect to each other, the two ortho positions of at least one of these two hydroxyl functions being unsubstituted.
• the polyphenol is for example phloroglucide, also called 2,4,6,3 ', 5' -biphenylpentol, of structural formula (IX) below:
• this compound is a polyphenol comprising two aromatic rings (of the respective formulas VH-a and VH-b above), each of which is indeed carrying at least two (in this case, a carrier of two, the other carrier of three) hydroxyl functions in position meta with respect to each other, the two ortho positions of at least one of these two hydroxyl functions being unsubstituted.
• the polyphenol is for example 2,2 ', 4,4'-tetrahydroxydiphenyl sulfide of structural formula (X) below:
• the polyphenol is selected from the group consisting of phloroglucinol (VI), 2,2 ', 4,4'-tetrahydroxydiphenyl sulfide (X) and mixtures of these compounds.
• the polyphenol (s) is (are) present at a level of at least 50% by weight of the total mass of the phenol (s) of the resin.
• the polyphenol (s) is (are) present at a level of at least 75% by weight, and more preferably at least 95% by weight and even more preferably at least 99% of the total mass of the phenols of the resin.
• a latex is a stable dispersion of elastomer microparticles (s) suspended in an aqueous solution.
• the unsaturated elastomer latexes (that is to say bearing carbon-carbon double bonds), in particular diene elastomer, are well known to those skilled in the art. They constitute in particular the elastomeric base of the RFL glues described in the introduction to this memo.
• the unsaturated elastomer of the latex is preferably a diene elastomer, more preferably a diene elastomer chosen from the group consisting of polybutadienes, butadiene copolymers, polyisoprenes, isoprene copolymers and mixtures of these. elastomers. It is even more preferably selected from the group consisting of butadiene copolymers, vinylpyridine-styrene-butadiene terpolymers, natural rubber, and mixtures of these elastomers.
• aqueous adhesive composition according to the invention and / or its phenol-aldehyde resin and / or its starting unsaturated elastomer latex may, of course, comprise all or part of the usual additives for aqueous adhesive compositions such as those used in glues.
• Conventional RFL examples are bases such as ammonia, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or ammonium hydroxide, dyes, fillers such as carbon black or silica, antioxidants or other stabilizers.
• the resin itself is prepared by gradually mixing the polyphenol and the aldehyde in a basic solvent such as an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, preferably having a pH of between 9 and 13. more preferably between 10 and 12. All the constituents are mixed with stirring for a variable time depending on the temperature used and the specific composition targeted, for example for a period which may vary between 1 min and 6 h, at a temperature between 20 ° C and 90 ° C, preferably between 20 and 60 ° C.
• a basic solvent such as an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide
• the phenol-aldehyde resin thus pre-condensed is generally diluted in water, before being added to the latex or to the latices (if there are more) of unsaturated elastomer (s) to form the aqueous adhesive composition of the according to a general procedure which is well known to those skilled in the field of RFL adhesives.
• the constituents of the adhesive composition are added in the following order: water, any additives soaked in water (eg ammonia), latex (s) (in any order), phenol-aldehyde resin (diluted).
• water any additives soaked in water (eg ammonia), latex (s) (in any order), phenol-aldehyde resin (diluted).
• the mixture is mixed with stirring for 1 to 30 minutes, for example at 20 ° C.
• the aqueous adhesive composition is generally stored at room temperature (23 ° C) for a maturation time that can typically vary from 1 to several hours or even days, before its final use.
• the weight ratio of polyphenol to aldehyde is in a range from 0.1 to 30.
• the content of solids content of phenol-aldehyde resin preferably represents between 5 and 60%, more preferably between 10 and 30% by weight of the dry extract of adhesive composition.
• the level of unsaturated elastomer (that is to say the solids content of the latex) is in turn preferably between 40 and 95%, more preferably between 70 and 90%, by weight of the extract. dry of the adhesive composition.
• the weight ratio of the resin solids content to the dry latex extract is preferably between 0.1 and 2.0, more preferably between 0.15 and 1.0.
• the water content of the aqueous adhesive composition of the invention is preferably between 60 and 90%, more preferably between 60 and 85%.
• the present invention also relates to the use of the previously described aqueous adhesive composition for bonding any textile material to an unsaturated rubber composition, for forming a rubber composite reinforced with such material, as well as as such, the textile material of which at least a part is coated with an adhesive composition according to the invention.
• a polymer spinning process such as, for example, melt spinning, solution spinning or gel spinning.
• This textile material may consist of a yarn or fiber, a ribbon or film, or also of a fabric made from yarns or fibers, for example a woven fabric with warp yarns and weft threads, or a crossover fabric with crossed threads.
• this textile material of the invention is chosen from the group consisting of films, monofilaments (or unitary threads), multifilament fibers, assemblies of such threads or fibers, and mixtures of such materials. It is more particularly a monofilament, a multifilament fiber or a plied yarn.
• wire or “fiber” is generally meant any elongated element of great length relative to its cross section, whatever the shape of the latter, for example circular, oblong, rectangular or square, or even flat, this wire that can be rectilinear as non-rectilinear, for example twisted, or corrugated.
• the largest dimension its cross section is preferably less than 5 mm, more preferably less than 3 mm.
• This wire or this fiber can take any known shape, it can act for example of a single elementary filament of large diameter (for example and preferably equal to or greater than 50 ⁇ ), a multifilament fiber (consisting of a plurality of elementary filaments of small diameter, typically less than 30 ⁇ ), of a twisted or cabled textile formed of several textile fibers or monofilaments twisted or cabled together, or of an assembly, a group, a row of threads or fibers such as for example a strip or strip comprising several of these monofilaments, fibers, twisted or cabled grouped together, for example aligned in a main direction, rectilinear or not.
• film or “tape” is generally meant an elongate member, of great length relative to its cross section, the cross section has a shape ratio (width over thickness) greater than 5, preferably greater than 10 and whose width is preferably at least 3 mm, more preferably at least 5 mm.
• the aqueous adhesive composition of the invention may be applied to any textile material as described above and capable of reinforcing rubber articles such as tires, including textile materials of organic or polymeric material, such as inorganic material.
• inorganic materials mention will be made of glass and carbon.
• the invention is preferably implemented with polymeric materials, thermoplastic type, non-thermoplastic and assemblies of these materials.
• non-thermoplastic polymeric materials By way of examples of non-thermoplastic polymeric materials, mention may be made of aromatic polyamides, for example aramid, and cellulose, both natural and artificial, such as cotton, rayon, flax and hemp.
• aromatic polyamides for example aramid
• cellulose both natural and artificial, such as cotton, rayon, flax and hemp.
• polymeric materials of the thermoplastic type mention will preferably be made of aliphatic polyamides and polyesters.
• aliphatic polyamides there may be mentioned polyamides 4-6, 6, 6-6 (nylon), 11 or 12.
• polyesters there may be mentioned for example PET (polyethylene terephthalate), PEN (polyethylene naphthalate), PBT (polybutylene terephthalate), PBN (polybutylene naphthalate), PPT (polypropylene terephthalate), PPN (polypropylene naphthalate).
• PET polyethylene terephthalate
• PEN polyethylene naphthalate
• PBT polybutylene terephthalate
• PBN polybutylene naphthalate
• PPT polypropylene terephthalate
• PPN polypropylene naphthalate
• the textile material of the invention may be prepared according to a sizing process comprising at least one deposition step, on a textile material (initial), of an adhesive composition according to the invention.
• the step of depositing the adhesive composition on the initial textile material may be carried out according to any suitable method, in particular by any known coating technique such as, for example, spraying, soaking impregnation, scrolling in a bath or other equivalent technique of thin or ultra-thin glue film deposition, or a combination of one or more of these techniques.
• any known coating technique such as, for example, spraying, soaking impregnation, scrolling in a bath or other equivalent technique of thin or ultra-thin glue film deposition, or a combination of one or more of these techniques.
• the weight of dry extract of the aqueous adhesive composition deposited on a kilogram of textile material is preferably between 5 and 100 g, more preferably between 30 and 70 g, more preferably between 40 and 60 g.
• the invention also applies to cases where the starting textile material has been preadherised by an adhesion primer such as those commonly used by those skilled in the art for the pre-sizing of certain textile fibers (polyester fibers, for example). example PET, aramid, aramid / nylon).
• an adhesion primer such as those commonly used by those skilled in the art for the pre-sizing of certain textile fibers (polyester fibers, for example).
• PET, aramid, aramid / nylon polyester fibers, for example PET, aramid, aramid / nylon.
• the bonded material undergoes a first heat treatment to remove any solvent or water, at a temperature preferably between 110 ° C and 260 ° C, more preferably between 130 ° C and 250 ° C, for example by crossing a tunnel furnace, typically several meters long, such as those commonly used for heat treatment after gluing of textile materials by an RFL glue.
• the invention also relates to the textile material obtained after drying, that is to say after a thermal treatment to remove water, of the textile material according to the invention, at least a portion of which is coated with an adhesive layer comprising an adhesive composition according to the invention.
• the anhydrous material thus obtained undergoes a second heat treatment to complete the crosslinking of the adhesive composition, preferably led to air in a tunnel oven as described above.
• the treatment temperature is preferably between 150 ° C and 350 ° C.
• the treatment times are from a few seconds to a few minutes depending on the case (for example between 10 s and 10 min).
• Those skilled in the art will be able to adjust, if necessary, the temperature and duration of the above heat treatment, depending on the particular conditions of implementation of the invention, in particular the exact nature of the textile material manufactured, in particular depending on whether monofilaments, multifilament fibers, twists consisting of several fibers twisted together, or films are treated.
• the textile material of the invention is preferably intended to adhere to an unsaturated rubber composition such as a diene rubber, to form a reinforced rubber composite which constitutes another object of the invention.
• This rubber composite may be prepared according to a process comprising at least the following steps: during a first step, combining at least a portion of the textile material according to the invention with an unsaturated rubber composition (crosslinkable), to form a composite of rubber reinforced textile material;
• the invention therefore applies to any type of rubber composite capable of being obtained by the method described above, comprising at least one matrix of crosslinkable rubber composition, in particular diene rubber, bonded to the textile material via an adhesive interphase to base of the adhesive composition according to the invention.
• the diene elastomer of the composite is preferably chosen from the group consisting of polybutadienes (BR), natural rubber (NR), synthetic polyisoprenes (IR), butadiene-styrene copolymers (SBR) and isoprene copolymers.
• BR polybutadienes
• NR natural rubber
• IR synthetic polyisoprenes
• SBR butadiene-styrene copolymers
• BIR butadiene
• SBIR butadiene-styrene-isoprene copolymers
• a preferred embodiment consists in using an "isoprene" elastomer, that is to say a homopolymer or a copolymer of isoprene, in other words a diene elastomer chosen from the group consisting of natural rubber (NR). , the synthetic polyisoprenes (IR), the various isoprene copolymers and the mixtures of these elastomers.
• the isoprene elastomer is preferably natural rubber or synthetic polyisoprene of the cis-1,4 type.
• the textile material of the invention is advantageously usable for the reinforcement of tires of all types of vehicles, in particular passenger vehicles or industrial vehicles such as heavy vehicles.
• the single appended figure shows very schematically (without respecting a specific scale), a radial section of a tire according to the invention for tourism type vehicle.
• This tire 1 has a crown 2 reinforced by a crown reinforcement or belt 6, two sidewalls 3 and two beads 4, each of these beads 4 being reinforced with a rod 5.
• the crown 2 is surmounted by a tread not shown in this schematic figure.
• a carcass reinforcement 7 is wound around the two rods 5 in each bead 4, the upturn 8 of this armature 7 being for example disposed towards the outside of the tire 1 which is shown here mounted on its rim 9.
• the carcass reinforcement 7 is in known manner constituted by at least one sheet reinforced by so-called "radial” cables, for example textiles, that is to say that these cables are arranged substantially parallel to each other and extend from a bead to the other so as to form an angle of between 80 ° and 90 ° with the median circumferential plane (plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the tire which is located midway between the two beads 4 and passes through the middle of the crown frame 6).
• radial cables for example textiles
• This tire 1 of the invention for example has the essential feature that at least one crown reinforcement 6 and / or its carcass reinforcement 7 comprises a textile material according to the invention.
• the rods 5 which could consist, in whole or in part, of a textile material according to the invention.
• the invention relates to the objects previously described, namely the textile material and the rubber composite such as pneumatic comprising it, both in the raw state (before cooking or vulcanization) and in the cooked state (after cooking ).
• Adhesive composition C-1.1 is a control composition, of the RFL type, commonly used for the adhesion of textile cords to a rubber composition. This adhesive composition is based on resorcinol and formaldehyde.
• Adhesive composition C-1.2 is a control composition based on furfuraldehyde and resorcinol-formaldehyde pre-condensed resin.
• Adhesive composition C-1.4 is a control composition based on formaldehyde and phloroglucinol.
• Each aqueous adhesive composition C-1.3 and C-1.4 to C-1.8 comprises a phenol-aldehyde resin based on one or more aldehydes, the or each aldehyde being different from formaldehyde.
• each phenol-aldehyde resin is based on a single aldehyde of formula (I).
• each phenol-aldehyde resin may be based on several aldehydes and / or several phenols.
• the phenol-aldehyde resin comprises a single phenol, here a single polyphenol according to the invention which represents at least 50% by weight, preferably at least 75% by weight and more preferably at least 95% by weight, and still more preferably at least 99% of the total weight of phenol-aldehyde resin phenol (s).
• each aqueous adhesive composition C-1.3 and C-1.4 to C-1.8 comprises a single polyphenol according to the invention.
• the aqueous adhesive composition C-1.3 according to the invention is based on phloroglucinol and furfuraldehyde.
• the aqueous adhesive composition C-1.5 according to the invention is based on phloroglucinol and 2,5-furanedicarboxaldehyde.
• the aqueous adhesive composition C-1.6 according to the invention is based on resorcinol and 2,5-furanedicarboxaldehyde.
• the aqueous adhesive composition C-1.7 according to the invention is based on 2,2 ', 4,4'-tetrahydroxydiphenyl sulfide (resorcinol sulfide) and 2,5-furanedicarboxaldehyde.
• the aqueous adhesive composition C-1.8 is based on phloroglucinol and 2,5-thiophene dicarboxaldehyde. Thus, each aqueous adhesive composition C-1.3 and C-1.4 to C-1.8 is substantially free of formaldehyde.
• Each adhesive composition Cl. 1 to C-1.4 to C-1.8 has a weight ratio of polyphenol to aldehyde in a range of values between 0.1 and 30.
• These adhesive compositions Cl. 1 to C-1.4 to C-1.8 are also based on natural rubber latex (NR), styrene-butadiene copolymer latex (SBR) and vynilpyridine-styrene-butadiene latex (VPSBR).
• the quality of the bond between the rubber composition and the textile material is determined by a test in which the force required to extract sections of textile cords from the vulcanized rubber composition is measured.
• This rubber composition is a conventional composition that can be used for calendering tire carcass reinforcement textile webs, based on natural rubber, carbon black and conventional additives.
• the vulcanizate is a rubber block consisting of two plates of dimensions 200 mm by 4.5 mm and thickness 3.5 mm, applied one on the other before firing (the thickness of the resulting block is then 7 mm). It is during the manufacture of this block that the textile cords (15 sections in total) are trapped between the two rubber plates in the raw state, at equal distance and leaving to go over on both sides of these plates a cable end of sufficient length for subsequent traction.
• the block comprising the cords is then placed in a suitable mold and then cooked under pressure. The temperature and the cooking time are adapted to the targeted test conditions and left to the initiative of those skilled in the art; by way of example, in the present case, the block is fired at 160 ° C. for 15 minutes.
• test piece thus constituted of the vulcanized block and the sections of cords is placed in the jaws of a traction machine adapted to allow each section to be tested in isolation, at a speed and a temperature.
• data for example, in the present case at 100 mm / min and 20 ° C).
• the adhesion levels are characterized by measuring the so-called pulling force (denoted F max ) to tear off the reinforcements of the test piece.
• F max pulling force
• nylon cords aliphatic polyamide 6,6
• a first bath generally based on epoxy in aqueous solution, for example based on polyglycerol polyglycidyl ether.
• the ingredients are introduced into the water with stirring, for example in the following order: 0.5 weight percent of polyglycerol polyglycidyl ether (for example "Denacol EX-512" from Nagase Chemicals), 0.03 weight percent of surfactant (sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate sold under the name "AOT 75”) and 0.03 percent by weight of sodium hydroxide, 99.44 percent by weight of water.
• polyglycerol polyglycidyl ether for example "Denacol EX-512" from Nagase Chemicals
• surfactant sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate sold under the name "AOT 75
• the nylon cords of these examples consist of two-strand twisted 140x2 construction (title of each strand equal to 140 tex) and 250/250 (twist in t / m); thus pre-adhered, they are then glued with aqueous adhesive compositions according to the invention and a control composition, and then dried in a drying oven at 180 ° C for 30 s. The adhesive composition was then cured by passing the textile cords through a 230 ° C treatment oven for 30 seconds. Then the assembly was fired to a natural rubber composition, by vulcanization heat treatment, to form composite specimens as described above. III.2 - Test 2: Adhesion of PET textile cords
• PET textile cords it is known to pre-adhere them in a manner similar to that used for Nylon textile cords.
• the PET textile cords of these examples consist of two-strand yarns 144x2 construction (title of each PET strand equal to 144 tex) and 420/420 (twist in t / m); pre-adhered, they are then glued in a manner similar to that used for nylon textile cords. Then, they were bonded by firing to a natural rubber composition, as previously for nylon textile cords, through a vulcanization heat treatment, to form composite test pieces.
• the textile cords glued together with the adhesive compositions C-1.5, C-1.6 and C-1.8 according to the invention have an equivalent tearing force F max ( ⁇ 10% relative to the control composition C1. that of the control cable glued by the composition Cl. l (arbitrarily set to 100). Even if they are lower than that of the control cable glued by the composition Cl.
• the pulling forces F max of the textile cords bonded with the adhesive compositions C-1.3 and C-1.7 nevertheless make it possible to obtain a significant pulling force which is sufficient for those skilled in the art. Indeed, these results are quite acceptable to ensure a satisfactory bonding of textile cords to a diene elastomer composition.
• compositions C-1.5 and C-1.8 according to the invention comprising phloroglucinol are those having the highest pulling forces F max .
• compositions C-1.5 to C-1.8 according to the invention have a pulling force F max much higher than that of compositions C-1.2 to C-1.3 using an aromatic monoaldehyde which, a priori, would have a reactivity greater than that of aromatic plurialdehydes.
• Phloroglucinol from Alfa Aesar, 99% pure
• Latex NR (10) Latex NR ("Trang Latex" from Bee tex, diluted to 61% by weight);
• Latex SBR Encord-201
• Jubilant diluted to 41% by weight

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• 2013
  • 2013-07-16 FR FR1356978A patent/FR3008707B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2014
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