WO2014202007A1 - 一种汽车的吸能装置 - Google Patents

一种汽车的吸能装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014202007A1
WO2014202007A1 PCT/CN2014/080240 CN2014080240W WO2014202007A1 WO 2014202007 A1 WO2014202007 A1 WO 2014202007A1 CN 2014080240 W CN2014080240 W CN 2014080240W WO 2014202007 A1 WO2014202007 A1 WO 2014202007A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
energy absorbing
box
absorbing box
energy
vehicle according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2014/080240
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杜春欢
茅菁
Original Assignee
全耐塑料公司
延锋彼欧汽车外饰系统有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 全耐塑料公司, 延锋彼欧汽车外饰系统有限公司 filed Critical 全耐塑料公司
Priority to EP14812932.3A priority Critical patent/EP3012160B1/en
Priority to KR1020167001029A priority patent/KR20170027690A/ko
Priority to US14/898,845 priority patent/US9878687B2/en
Publication of WO2014202007A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014202007A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/34—Protecting non-occupants of a vehicle, e.g. pedestrians
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R19/00—Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
    • B60R19/02—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects
    • B60R19/04—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects formed from more than one section in a side-by-side arrangement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R19/00—Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
    • B60R19/02—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects
    • B60R19/03—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects characterised by material, e.g. composite
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R19/00—Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
    • B60R19/02—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects
    • B60R19/18—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects characterised by the cross-section; Means within the bumper to absorb impact
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R19/00—Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
    • B60R19/02—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects
    • B60R19/18—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects characterised by the cross-section; Means within the bumper to absorb impact
    • B60R2019/186—Additional energy absorbing means supported on bumber beams, e.g. cellular structures or material

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to automotive components, and more particularly to an energy absorbing device for an automobile.
  • the existing automobile anti-collision energy absorbing device is mainly designed for this.
  • people are no longer limited to protecting the safety of occupants in the car, but to protect pedestrians who collide with cars.
  • a car collides with a pedestrian it is usually the body directly contacts the pedestrian's leg, causing damage to the pedestrian's leg.
  • the existing car anti-collision energy-absorbing device designed for the safety of the occupant is difficult to meet the national standard GB/T 24550- 2009 requirements.
  • the present invention aims to provide an energy absorbing device for an automobile, which can reduce the damage to the pedestrian's lower leg and reduce the damage of the low-speed collision to the automobile, thereby satisfying relevant regulations. Claim.
  • the energy absorbing device for an automobile comprises a main energy absorbing box and a sub absorbing box, wherein the main energy absorbing box has a u-shaped cross section and has a U-shaped bottom of the energy absorbing box and an energy absorbing box U-shaped extending therefrom a wall, the secondary energy absorbing box being nested inside the main energy absorbing box.
  • the present invention enables the secondary energy absorbing box to provide continuous rigidity to the pedestrian's lower leg protection and reduce the injury to the pedestrian's leg when the main energy absorbing box is close to crushing during the collision between the automobile and the pedestrian.
  • the energy absorbing device of the automobile of the invention can meet the requirements of GB/T 24550-2009 and GB 17354 at the same time, can reduce the damage to the pedestrian's lower leg, and can reduce the low speed collision pair. Car damage.
  • the energy absorbing device further includes a bumper system having a front impact beam that overlaps the front impact beam by more than 80%.
  • the amount of nesting of the secondary energy absorbing box is less than 10% of the depth of the primary energy absorbing box.
  • the energy absorbing device further includes a skin
  • the auxiliary energy absorbing box is integrated in the embodiment
  • the energy absorbing device further includes a lower grid and an upper grid
  • the main An energy absorbing box is fixedly coupled to the lower grid and the upper grid.
  • the main energy absorbing box has a U-shaped upper end snap structure of the energy absorbing box, and the upper grille has an upper grill mounting suction function matched with the upper end snap structure of the energy absorbing box u-shaped port.
  • the energy absorbing box has a U-shaped lower end buckle structure of the energy absorbing box, and the lower grille has a lower grille installed energy absorbing box structure matched with the lower end snap structure of the energy absorbing box U-shaped port .
  • the primary energy absorbing box is injection molded from a modified material of polypropylene, ethylene propylene diene monomer, and 10% talc.
  • the rib structure is evenly distributed in the main energy absorbing box corresponding to the U-shaped bottom of the energy absorbing box.
  • the rib structure has a height of 10 mm and a wall thickness of 2.5 mm.
  • the U-shaped wall of the energy absorbing box has a dome-shaped outer surface, including an energy absorbing box boss and an energy absorbing box recess in a staggered arrangement.
  • the width of the suction box boss is 40 mm, and the width of the suction box recess is
  • the height difference between the two is 5mm.
  • the middle portion of the U-shaped wall of the energy absorbing box has a U-shaped wall bending point of the energy absorbing box.
  • the U-shaped wall of the energy absorbing box has a bending angle of 4 degrees at a bending point of the U-shaped wall of the energy absorbing box.
  • the main energy absorbing box has an energy absorbing box U-shaped opening, and the main energy absorbing box is provided with at least one energy absorbing box hinge at the U-shaped opening of the energy absorbing box.
  • the bottom of the secondary energy absorbing box has a sub-bottle bottom boss structure that exhibits different height and lower drop.
  • a sub-suction box back is provided in the center of the bottom boss structure of the sub-suction box. Face opening structure.
  • the back opening structure of the auxiliary energy absorbing box is a square hole of 40 mm x l5 mm.
  • the energy absorbing device includes a bumper system having a front impact beam, the front impact beam including a cross member that is designed to conform to the U-bottom of the energy absorbing box.
  • the gap between the beam and the U-shaped bottom of the energy absorbing box is 8 mm.
  • the invention also relates to a vehicle comprising an energy absorbing device for a motor vehicle as described above.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic exploded view showing an overall structure of an energy absorbing device of a motor vehicle according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an entire structure of an energy absorbing device of a motor vehicle according to the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of the front side of the main energy absorbing box of the energy absorbing device of the automobile according to the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the energy absorbing device of the automobile according to the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a front elevational view showing the sub-suction box of the energy absorbing device of the automobile according to the present invention
  • Figure 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of the sub-suction box of the energy absorbing device of the automobile according to the present invention taken along line BB of Figure 6;
  • Figure 8 is a perspective view showing the structure of a front impact beam of an energy absorbing device for an automobile according to the present invention. among them:
  • An energy absorbing device for a motor vehicle includes a bumper system, a main energy absorbing box 2 and a sub absorbing box 5, wherein the bumper system has a front impact beam 1, a skin 3, a lower grill 4, and an upper grill 6.
  • the positional relationship between the components is as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, and the main energy absorbing box 2 is fixedly connected to the lower grille 4 and the upper grille 6 and is disposed corresponding to the front anti-collision beam 1, and the sub-suction box 5 is provided. It is integrated on the skin 3 and nested inside the main energy absorbing box 2.
  • the present invention does not adjust the specific mounting position and the like, and therefore will not be described herein.
  • the specific structure added to the above components or the structure different from the prior art will be described in detail below.
  • the specific structure of the main energy absorbing box 2 of the energy absorbing device of the automobile according to the present invention can be seen as shown in Figs. 3 to 5, showing a thin-walled member extending in the lateral direction (the width direction of the vehicle), which is in the longitudinal direction ( The car advance direction is shown as a U-shaped cross section, and the U-shaped opening 29 faces the front of the car.
  • the main energy absorbing box 2 is shown in Fig. 2 as being mounted between the peripheral automobile part 7 of the bumper system and the front impact beam 1 for absorbing kinetic energy due to collision, in which kinetic energy is converted into deformation work. , thereby avoiding permanent damage to the front impact beam when the critical load is exceeded.
  • the dimension in the lateral direction is referred to as the width
  • the dimension in the longitudinal direction is referred to as the depth
  • the dimension in the vertical direction is referred to as the height.
  • the primary energy absorbing box 2 has a width of about 1000 mm and a depth of about 75 mm.
  • the main energy absorbing box 2 includes an energy absorbing box U-shaped bottom 24 and an energy absorbing box U-shaped wall 25 extending longitudinally from the U-shaped bottom 24. Referring to FIG.
  • the end of the U-shaped wall 25 of the energy absorbing box respectively has a U-shaped lower end snap structure 26 and an energy absorbing box U-shaped upper end snap structure 27 for respectively respectively, and the lower and upper grilles 4 6 is connected, in this embodiment, the upper grill 6 has an upper grille mounted energy absorbing box structure 61 for mating with the U-shaped upper end snap structure 27 of the energy absorbing box; the lower grill 4 has a lower grille The energy absorbing box structure 41 is mounted for mating with the U-shaped lower end snap structure 26 of the energy absorbing box.
  • the main energy absorbing box 2 is made of a plastic material, preferably PP+EPDM+T10 (polypropylene, ternary The modified material of ethylene propylene rubber and 10% talc is injection molded and has a wall thickness of 2.5mm-3mm.
  • the main energy absorbing box 2 is uniformly distributed with a rib structure corresponding to the U-shaped bottom 24 of the energy absorbing box.
  • the rib structure has a height of about 10 mm and a wall thickness of about 2.5 mm.
  • the U-shaped wall 25 of the energy absorbing box has a dome-shaped outer surface of a Great Wall structure, and includes an energy absorbing box boss 22a and an energy absorbing box recess 22b which are sequentially arranged alternately. Referring to FIG.
  • the strength of the main energy absorbing box 2 is improved.
  • the main energy absorbing box 2 is prevented from being quickly collapsed during the collision.
  • the width of the energy absorbing box boss 22a is 40 mm
  • the width of the energy absorbing box recess 22b is 70 mm
  • the height difference between the two is 5 mm, thereby ensuring
  • the U-shaped wall 25 of the energy absorbing box has a desired strength.
  • the U-shaped wall 25 of the energy absorbing box has a U-shaped wall bending point 28 of the energy absorbing box, so that the U-shaped bottom of the energy absorbing box is gradually gathered, which facilitates the deformation of the U-shaped wall 25 of the energy absorbing box.
  • the bending angle is about 4 degrees.
  • the height of the U-shaped opening 29 of the energy absorbing box is about 60 mm and the height of the U-shaped bottom 24 of the energy absorbing box is about 35 mm.
  • At least one energy absorbing box hinge 21 is disposed at the U-shaped opening 29 of the energy absorbing box to prevent the main energy absorbing box 2 from being oversized during the crushing process and losing excessive rigidity; in addition, the energy absorbing box hinge 21 can also be The shape of the main energy absorbing box 2 is kept stable before being installed, and the opening and closing of the hinge structure facilitates mounting on the bumper system.
  • the energy absorbing box hinge 21 has a width of about 25 mm and a number of three.
  • At least one energy absorbing box mounting structure 23 is also provided at the U-shaped opening 29 of the energy absorbing box for engaging with the bumper system.
  • the auxiliary energy absorbing box 5 of the energy absorbing device of the automobile according to the present invention is integrated on the skin 3 and nested inside the main energy absorbing box 2.
  • the specific structure of the auxiliary energy absorbing box 5 can be seen in Figs. 6 and 7. Also shown is a lateral extension.
  • the bottom of the sub-portable box 5 has a sub-sucking box bottom boss structure 52 exhibiting different height and lower drop, thereby ensuring that the sub-suction box 5 has suitable strength.
  • a sub-suction box back opening structure 51 is provided at the center of the bottom boss structure 52 of the sub-suction box.
  • the rear opening structure 51 of the sub-energy box can not only reduce the weight of the skin 3 but also reduce the strength of the sub-energy box 5 in the event of a collision.
  • the sub-portable box 5 has a depth of 30 mm and a height of 30 mm to ensure that the U-shaped bottom 24 of the energy absorbing box is accessible during deformation.
  • the sub-suction box back opening structure 51 is a 40 mm x l5 mm square hole.
  • the secondary energy absorbing box 5 is in the middle of the main energy absorbing box 2, and the nesting amount is less than 10% of the depth of the energy absorbing box, that is, the U-shaped bottom of the secondary energy absorbing box 5 and the main energy absorbing box 2. The distance between them is greater than 90% of the depth of the main energy absorbing box 2.
  • the specific structure of the front impact beam 1 of the energy absorbing device of the automobile according to the present invention can be seen as shown in Fig. 8, and is shown to include a laterally extending beam 11 and two end fixing structures 12.
  • the beam 11 is an arc structure, and the outer arc surface of the beam 11 is attached to the U-shaped bottom 24 of the energy absorbing box.
  • the two end fixing structures 12 are fixed to the bumper system by fasteners such as screws.
  • the main energy absorbing box 2 and the front guard The impact beam 1 has an overlap of more than 80%, because the main energy absorbing box 2 needs the front anti-collision beam 2 to provide a reverse supporting force when the collapsed wrinkles occur, if the main energy absorbing box 2 and the front impact beam 1 If slip occurs, it will not provide effective support, so both need sufficient overlap.
  • the U-shaped bottom 24 of the energy absorbing box and the beam 11 have an overlap of more than 80%.
  • the gap between the U-shaped bottom 24 of the energy absorbing box and the beam 11 is preferably 8 mm.
  • the energy absorbing device of the automobile enables the secondary energy absorbing box 5 to provide continuous rigidity to the pedestrian's lower leg protection and reduce the injury to the pedestrian's leg when the primary energy absorbing box 2 approaches crushing during the collision of the automobile with the pedestrian.
  • the pedestrian collides with the peripheral automobile part 7, so that the main energy absorbing box 2 collides with the beam 11 of the front impact beam 1, and the main energy absorbing box 2 is subjected to the action of the beam 11 and collapses toward the U-shaped opening 29. Shrink, thereby absorbing collision energy.
  • the energy absorbing box U-shaped bottom 24 collides with the auxiliary energy absorbing box 5, and the auxiliary energy absorbing box 5 collapses, thereby absorbing the collision energy.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Vibration Dampers (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

一种汽车的吸能装置，包括主吸能盒（2）和副吸能盒（5），所述主吸能盒（2）具有U型断面并具有吸能盒U型底（24）和从其延伸的吸能盒U型壁（25），所述副吸能盒（5）嵌套在所述主吸能盒（2）的内部。本发明的汽车的吸能装置在汽车与行人碰撞过程中，副吸能盒（5）可以在主吸能盒（2）接近压溃时提供持续刚度，从而对行人小腿进行保护，降低对行人腿部的伤害。本发明的汽车的吸能装置能够同时满足GB/T24550-2009和GB17354的要求，既能够减小对行人小腿部的伤害，又能够降低低速碰撞对汽车的伤害。

Description

一种汽车的吸能装置
技术领域
本发明涉及汽车构件， 更具体地涉及一种汽车的吸能装置。
随着汽车工业的不断发展和消费市场的日趋成熟， 汽车的碰撞安全性越 来越被人们所重视。 一方面， 在发生碰撞时， 不合理的变形会减少乘员舱的 生存空间， 严重威胁乘员的安全， 现有的汽车防撞吸能装置主要针对这一点 进行设计。 另一方面， 人们不再局限于保护车内的乘员安全， 而是扩大到保 护与汽车发生碰撞的行人。 当汽车与行人发生碰撞时， 通常都是车身直接与 行人腿部发生接触， 对行人腿部造成伤害， 现有的针对乘员安全进行设计的 汽车防撞吸能装置难以满足国标 GB/T 24550-2009 的要求。 申请号为 201120557659.9 的专利申请提供了一种汽车保险杠的行人小腿防撞梁， 该防 撞梁包括彼此邻接的一级吸能区域和二级吸能区域， 但是该吸能装置无法满 足 GB 17354对汽车低速碰撞的要求，现有的针对行人安全设计的吸能装置均 无法同时满足上述两个标准的汽车吸能装置。 因此， 迫切需要一种既能够减 小对行人小腿部的伤害， 又能够降低低速碰撞对汽车的伤害。 发明内容
为了解决上述现有技术存在的问题， 本发明旨在提供一种汽车的吸能装 置， 既能够减小对行人小腿部的伤害， 又能够降低低速碰撞对汽车的伤害， 从而满足相关法规的要求。
本发明所述的汽车的吸能装置， 包括主吸能盒和副吸能盒， 所述主吸能 盒具有 u型断面并具有吸能盒 U型底和从其延伸的吸能盒 U型壁，所述副吸 能盒嵌套在所述主吸能盒的内部。
由于采用了上述的技术方案， 本发明使得在汽车与行人碰撞过程中， 副 吸能盒可以在主吸能盒接近压溃时提供持续刚度对行人小腿保护， 降低对行 人腿部的伤害。 本发明的汽车的吸能装置能够同时满足 GB/T 24550-2009和 GB 17354的要求， 既能够减小对行人小腿部的伤害， 又能够降低低速碰撞对 汽车的伤害。
在一个实施例中， 所述吸能装置还包括具有前防撞梁的保险杠系统， 所 述主吸能盒与所述前防撞梁有超过 80%的重叠量。
在一个实施例中， 所述副吸能盒的嵌套量小于所述主吸能盒的深度的 10%。
在一个实施例中， 所述吸能装置还包括蒙皮， 所述副吸能盒集成于所述 在一个实施例中， 所述吸能装置还包括下栅格和上栅格， 所述主吸能盒 固定连接于所述下栅格与所述上栅格。
在一个实施例中， 所述主吸能盒具有吸能盒 U型口上端卡扣结构， 所述 上格栅具有与所述吸能盒 u 型口上端卡扣结构配合的上格栅安装吸能盒结 构； 所述吸能盒具有吸能盒 U型口下端卡扣结构， 所述下格栅具有与所述吸 能盒 U型口下端卡扣结构配合的下格栅安装吸能盒结构。
在一个实施例中， 所述主吸能盒由聚丙烯、 三元乙丙橡胶和 10%滑石粉 的改性材料注塑而成。
在一个实施例中， 所述主吸能盒内对应于所述吸能盒 U型底均匀分布有 加强筋结构。
优选地， 所述加强筋结构的高度为 10mm， 壁厚为 2.5mm。
在一个实施例中， 所述吸能盒 U型壁具有堞形外表面， 包括依次交错设 置的吸能盒凸台和吸能盒凹台。
优选地， 所述吸能盒凸台的宽度为 40mm， 所述吸能盒凹台的宽度为
70mm, 两者之间的高度落差为 5mm。
优选地， 所述吸能盒 U型壁的中部具有吸能盒 U型壁折弯点。
优选地， 所述吸能盒 U型壁在所述吸能盒 U型壁折弯点的折弯角度为 4 度。
在一个实施例中， 所述主吸能盒具有吸能盒 U型开口， 所述主吸能盒在 所述吸能盒 U型开口处设有至少一个吸能盒铰链。
在一个实施例中， 所述副吸能盒的底部具有呈现不同高低落差的副吸能 盒底部凸台结构。
在一个实施例中， 在所述副吸能盒底部凸台结构的中央设有副吸能盒背 面开孔结构。
优选地， 所述副吸能盒背面开孔结构为 40mmx l5mm的方孔。
在一个实施例中， 所述吸能装置包括具有前防撞梁的保险杠系统， 所述 前防撞梁包括与所述吸能盒 U型底贴合设计的横梁。
优选地， 所述横梁与所述吸能盒 U型底之间的间隙为 8mm。
本发明还涉及一种包括如上述的汽车的吸能装置的车辆。
附图说明
图 1是示出了根据本发明的汽车的吸能装置的整体结构的爆炸示意图； 图 2是示出了根据本发明的汽车的吸能装置的整体结构的截面示意图； 图 3是根据本发明的汽车的吸能装置的主吸能盒的正面结构示意图； 图 4是根据本发明的汽车的吸能装置的主吸能盒的背面结构示意图； 图 5是根据本发明的汽车的吸能装置的主吸能盒的沿图 3中 A-A线的纵 向断面图；
图 6是根据本发明的汽车的吸能装置的副吸能盒的正面结构示意图； 图 7是根据本发明的汽车的吸能装置的副吸能盒沿图 6中 B-B线的纵向 断面图；
图 8是根据本发明的汽车的吸能装置的前防撞梁的立体结构示意图。 其中：
1 前防撞梁
11 横梁 12 两端固定结构
2 主吸能盒
21 吸能盒铰链 22a 吸能盒凸台
22b 吸能盒凹台 23 吸能盒安装结构
24 吸能盒 U型底 25 吸能盒 U型壁
26 吸能盒 U型口下端卡扣结构 27 吸能盒 U型口上端卡扣结构 28 吸能盒 U型壁折弯点 29 吸能盒 U型开口
4 下格栅
41 下格栅安装吸能盒结构 51 副吸能盒背面开孔结构 52 副吸能盒底部凸台结构
6 上格栅
61 上格栅安装吸能盒结构
7 外围汽车零件 具体实施方式
下面结合附图， 给出本发明的较佳实施例， 并予以详细描述。
根据本发明的汽车的吸能装置包括保险杠系统，主吸能盒 2和副吸能盒 5， 其中， 保险杠系统具有前防撞梁 1、 蒙皮 3、 下格栅 4和上格栅 6， 各部件之 间的位置关系如图 1和图 2所示， 主吸能盒 2与下格栅 4、上格栅 6固定连接 且对应于前防撞梁 1设置， 副吸能盒 5集成于蒙皮 3上且嵌套在主吸能盒 2 的内部。 由于前防撞梁 1、 蒙皮 3、 下格栅 4和上格栅 6是保险杠系统中常见 的结构， 本发明并没有对其具体安装位置等进行调整， 因此在此不再赘述。 以下将对上述部件所增加的具体结构或者与现有技术中不同的结构进行详细 说明。
根据本发明的汽车的吸能装置的主吸能盒 2的具体结构可参见图 3-图 5 所示， 示出为横向（汽车宽度方向）延伸的薄壁元件， 该薄壁元件在纵向（汽 车前进方向）断面上示出为 U型， U型开口 29朝向汽车的前方。 该主吸能盒 2在图 2中示出为安装在保险杠系统的外围汽车零件 7和前防撞梁 1之间，用 于吸收由于碰撞引起的动能， 在此过程中动能转化为变形功， 由此避免在超 过临界载荷时使前防撞梁受到永久性破坏。 为了更清楚地说明本发明的汽车 的吸能装置的尺寸， 横向上的尺寸被称为宽度， 纵向上的尺寸被称为深度， 竖直方向上的尺寸被称为高度。 在一个优选的实施例中， 该主吸能盒 2 的宽 度为约 1000mm, 深度为约 75mm。 该主吸能盒 2包括吸能盒 U型底 24和从 该 U型底 24纵向延伸的吸能盒 U型壁 25。参见图 2， 该吸能盒 U型壁 25的 末端分别具有吸能盒 U型口下端卡扣结构 26和吸能盒 U型口上端卡扣结构 27， 用于分别与下、 上格栅 4， 6卡接， 在该实施例中， 上格栅 6具有上格栅 安装吸能盒结构 61， 用于与吸能盒 U型口上端卡扣结构 27配合； 下格栅 4 具有下格栅安装吸能盒结构 41， 用于与吸能盒 U型口下端卡扣结构 26配合。
该主吸能盒 2由塑料材料制成， 优选为由 PP+EPDM+T10 (聚丙烯、三元 乙丙橡胶和 10%滑石粉） 的改性材料注塑而成， 壁厚为 2.5mm-3mm。 在一个 优选实施例中，所述主吸能盒 2内对应于吸能盒 U型底 24均匀分布有加强筋 结构， 该加强筋结构的高度为约 10mm， 壁厚为约 2.5mm。 吸能盒 U型壁 25 具有长城结构的堞形外表面， 包括依次交错设置的吸能盒凸台 22a和吸能盒 凹台 22b， 参见图 3， 用于提高主吸能盒 2的强度， 防止主吸能盒 2在碰撞过 程中快速溃败， 优选的， 吸能盒凸台 22a的宽度为 40mm， 吸能盒凹台 22b的 宽度为 70mm，两者之间的高度落差为 5mm，从而确保吸能盒 U型壁 25具有 期望的强度。 在一个优选实施例中， 吸能盒 U型壁 25 的中部具有吸能盒 U 型壁折弯点 28， 使得吸能盒 U型底部逐渐收拢， 有利于吸能盒 U型壁 25的 变形， 优选的， 该折弯角度为约 4度。 在一个优选实施例中， 吸能盒 U型开 口 29的高度为约 60mm， 吸能盒 U型底 24的高度为约 35mm。 吸能盒 U型 开口 29处设有至少一个吸能盒铰链 21，防止主吸能盒 2在溃缩过程中张口过 大， 丧失过多的刚度； 另外， 该吸能盒铰链 21还可以在没安装前保持主吸能 盒 2 的形状稳定， 同时该铰链结构的开合还便于将其安装到保险杠系统上。 优选的， 该吸能盒铰链 21的宽度为约 25mm， 设置数目为 3个。 吸能盒 U型 开口 29处还设有至少一个吸能盒安装结构 23， 用于与保险杠系统卡接。
根据本发明的汽车的吸能装置的副吸能盒 5集成在蒙皮 3上，且嵌套在 主吸能盒 2的内部， 副吸能盒 5的具体结构可参见图 6和图 7所示， 同样示 出为横向延伸。 该副吸能盒 5 的底部具有呈现不同高低落差的副吸能盒底部 凸台结构 52， 从而确保副吸能盒 5具有合适的强度。 在副吸能盒底部凸台结 构 52的中央设有副吸能盒背面开孔结构 51。 该副吸能盒背面开孔结构 51不 仅可以降低蒙皮 3的重量， 同时也可以降低副吸能盒 5在碰撞时的强度。 在 一个优选的实施例中， 该副吸能盒 5的深度为 30mm， 高度为 30mm， 从而确 保变形时能够触及吸能盒 U型底 24。 在一个优选的实施例中， 副吸能盒背面 开孔结构 51为 40mmx l5mm的方孔。在一个优选的实施例中， 副吸能盒 5处 于主吸能盒 2的中间， 嵌套量小于吸能盒深度的 10%， 即副吸能盒 5与主吸 能盒 2的 U型底之间的距离大于主吸能盒 2深度的 90%。
根据本发明的汽车的吸能装置的前防撞梁 1 的具体结构可参见图 8所 示， 示出为包括横向延伸的横梁 11和两端固定结构 12。 横梁 11为一段弧结 构， 横梁 11的外弧面贴合吸能盒 U型底 24设计。两端固定结构 12通过螺钉 等紧固件固定于保险杠系统上。 在一个优选的实施例中， 主吸能盒 2 与前防 撞梁 1有超过 80%的重叠量， 这是因为主吸能盒 2在发生溃缩褶皱时需要前 防撞梁 2提供反向的支撑力， 如果主吸能盒 2与前防撞梁 1发生滑移， 就无 法提供有效的支撑力， 所以两者需要足够的重叠量。 优选的， 吸能盒 U型底 24与横梁 11有超过 80%的重叠量。 在一个优选的实施例中， 吸能盒 U型底 24与横梁 11之间的间隙优选为 8mm。
根据本发明的汽车的吸能装置使得在汽车与行人碰撞过程中，副吸能盒 5可以在主吸能盒 2接近压溃时提供持续刚度对行人小腿保护，降低对行人腿 部的伤害。 具体地， 当发生碰撞时， 行人与外围汽车零件 7发生碰撞， 使得 主吸能盒 2碰撞前防撞梁 1的横梁 11，主吸能盒 2受到横梁 11的作用而向着 U型开口 29溃缩， 从而吸收碰撞能量。 吸能盒 U型底 24碰撞到副吸能盒 5， 副吸能盒 5溃缩， 从而吸收碰撞能量。
以上所述的， 仅为本发明的较佳实施例， 并非用以限定本发明的范围， 本发明的上述实施例还可以做出各种变化。 即凡是依据本发明申请的权利要 求书及说明书内容所作的简单、 等效变化与修饰， 皆落入本发明专利的权利 要求保护范围。 本发明未详尽描述的均为常规技术内容。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种汽车的吸能装置， 包括主吸能盒 （2)， 其特征在于， 所述吸能装 置还包括副吸能盒 （5 )， 所述主吸能盒 （2) 具有 U型断面并具有吸能盒 U 型底 （24) 和从其延伸的吸能盒 U型壁 （25)， 所述副吸能盒 （5) 嵌套在所 述主吸能盒 （2) 的内部。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的汽车的吸能装置， 所述吸能装置包括具有前防 撞梁 （1 ) 的保险杠系统， 其特征在于， 所述主吸能盒 （2) 与所述前防撞梁
( 1 ) 有超过 80%的重叠量。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的汽车的吸能装置， 其特征在于， 所述副吸能盒 (5) 的嵌套量小于所述主吸能盒 （2) 的深度的 10%。
4、 根据权利要求 1至 3中任一项所述的汽车的吸能装置， 其特征在于， 所述吸能装置包括蒙皮 （3 )， 所述副吸能盒 （5) 集成于所述蒙皮 （3 ) 上。
5、 根据权利要求 1至 4中任一项所述的汽车的吸能装置， 其特征在于， 所述吸能装置包括下栅格 （4) 和上栅格 （6)， 所述主吸能盒 （2) 固定连接 于所述下栅格 （4) 和所述上栅格 （6)。
6、 根据权利要求 5所述的汽车的吸能装置， 其特征在于， 所述主吸能盒
(2) 具有吸能盒 U型口上端卡扣结构（27)， 所述上格栅（6) 具有与所述吸 能盒 U型口上端卡扣结构（27)配合的上格栅安装吸能盒结构（61 ); 所述主 吸能盒（2) 具有吸能盒 U型口下端卡扣结构 （26)， 所述下格栅（4) 具有与 所述吸能盒 U型口下端卡扣结构 （26) 配合的下格栅安装吸能盒结构 （41 )。
7、 根据权利要求 1至 6中任一项所述的汽车的吸能装置， 其特征在于， 所述主吸能盒（2) 由聚丙烯、 三元乙丙橡胶和 10%滑石粉的改性材料注塑而 成。
8、 根据权利要求 1至 7中任一项所述的汽车的吸能装置， 其特征在于， 所述主吸能盒（2)内对应于所述吸能盒 U型底（24)均匀分布有加强筋结构。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的汽车的吸能装置， 其特征在于， 所述加强筋结 构的高度为 10mm， 壁厚为 2.5mm。
10、 根据权利要求 1至 9中任一项所述的汽车的吸能装置， 其特征在于， 所述吸能盒 U型壁 （25 ) 具有堞形外表面， 包括依次交错设置的吸能盒凸台 (22a) 和吸能盒凹台 (22b) o
11、 根据权利要求 10所述的汽车的吸能装置， 其特征在于， 所述吸能盒 凸台 （22a) 的宽度为 40mm， 所述吸能盒凹台 （22b) 的宽度为 70mm， 两者 之间的高度落差为 5mm。
12、根据权利要求 1至 11中任一项所述的汽车的吸能装置，其特征在于， 所述吸能盒 U型壁 （25 ) 的中部具有吸能盒 U型壁折弯点 （28)。
13、 根据权利要求 12所述的汽车的吸能装置， 其特征在于， 所述吸能盒 U型壁 （25 ) 在所述吸能盒 U型壁折弯点 （28) 的折弯角度为 4度。
14、根据权利要求 1至 13中任一项所述的汽车的吸能装置，其特征在于， 所述主吸能盒（2) 具有吸能盒 U型开口 （29)， 所述主吸能盒（2)在所述吸 能盒 U型开口 （29) 处设有至少一个吸能盒铰链 （21 )。
15、根据权利要求 1至 14中任一项所述的汽车的吸能装置，其特征在于， 所述副吸能盒 （5 ) 的底部具有呈现不同高低落差的副吸能盒底部凸台结构
( 52)。
16、 根据权利要求 15所述的汽车的吸能装置， 其特征在于， 在所述副吸 能盒底部凸台结构 （52 ) 的中央设有副吸能盒背面开孔结构 （51 )。
17、 根据权利要求 16所述的汽车的吸能装置， 其特征在于， 所述副吸能 盒背面开孔结构 （51 ) 为 40mm X 15mm的方孔。
18、 根据权利要求 1至 17中任一项所述的汽车的吸能装置， 所述吸能装 置包括具有前防撞梁 （1 ) 的保险杠系统， 其特征在于， 所述前防撞梁 （1 ) 包括与所述吸能盒 U型底 （24 ) 贴合设计的横梁 （11 )。
19、根据权利要求 18所述的汽车的吸能装置，其特征在于，所述横梁（11 ) 与所述吸能盒 U型底 （24 ) 之间的间隙为 8mm。
20、 一种包括如上述任一项权利要求所述的汽车的吸能装置的车辆。
PCT/CN2014/080240 2013-06-18 2014-06-18 一种汽车的吸能装置 WO2014202007A1 (zh)

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EP3012160A4 (en) 2017-02-15
EP3012160A1 (en) 2016-04-27
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US9878687B2 (en) 2018-01-30
US20160137158A1 (en) 2016-05-19

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