WO2014201994A1 - 一种丹参提取物及其微丸制剂以及它们的制备方法和用途 - Google Patents

一种丹参提取物及其微丸制剂以及它们的制备方法和用途 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014201994A1
WO2014201994A1 PCT/CN2014/080077 CN2014080077W WO2014201994A1 WO 2014201994 A1 WO2014201994 A1 WO 2014201994A1 CN 2014080077 W CN2014080077 W CN 2014080077W WO 2014201994 A1 WO2014201994 A1 WO 2014201994A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
extract
salvia miltiorrhiza
water
concentrate
supernatant
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PCT/CN2014/080077
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
闫希军
章顺楠
叶正良
周立红
董海鸥
张文生
张洪波
马长雨
郑永锋
范立君
Original Assignee
天士力制药集团股份有限公司
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Application filed by 天士力制药集团股份有限公司 filed Critical 天士力制药集团股份有限公司
Priority to EA201690038A priority Critical patent/EA033184B1/ru
Priority to UAA201600335A priority patent/UA122198C2/uk
Priority to DK14813421.6T priority patent/DK3011965T3/da
Priority to EP14813421.6A priority patent/EP3011965B1/en
Priority to ES14813421T priority patent/ES2810325T3/es
Publication of WO2014201994A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014201994A1/zh
Priority to HK16109281.1A priority patent/HK1221155A1/zh

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/53Lamiaceae or Labiatae (Mint family), e.g. thyme, rosemary or lavender
    • A61K36/537Salvia (sage)
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/14Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles
    • A61K9/16Agglomerates; Granulates; Microbeadlets ; Microspheres; Pellets; Solid products obtained by spray drying, spray freeze drying, spray congealing,(multiple) emulsion solvent evaporation or extraction
    • A61K9/1605Excipients; Inactive ingredients
    • A61K9/1664Compounds of unknown constitution, e.g. material from plants or animals
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P9/00Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
    • A61P9/14Vasoprotectives; Antihaemorrhoidals; Drugs for varicose therapy; Capillary stabilisers

Definitions

  • Salvia miltiorrhiza extract and pellet preparation thereof and preparation method and use thereof
  • the invention relates to a new traditional Chinese medicine Salvia miltiorrhiza extract and a pellet preparation thereof, belonging to the field of pharmacy.
  • the present invention also relates to a preparation method and use comprising the above-described Salvia miltiorrhiza extract and pellet preparation.
  • Salvia miltiorrhiza is the dried root of Salvia miltiorrhiza Beg. In the treatment of coronary heart disease angina pectoris in China, it has been used for nearly a thousand years. It was first recorded in the Eastern Han Dynasty "Shen Nong's Herbal Classic" and was listed as the top grade. It has the effect of relieving pain, calming the nerves, clearing the heat and cooling the blood, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis. efficacy.
  • the research shows that there are two main active ingredients of Salvia miltiorrhiza: one is a fat-soluble active ingredient represented by tanshinone; the other is a water-soluble active ingredient represented by salvianolic acid.
  • tanshinone has many effects such as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, blood stasis, and wound healing.
  • the water-soluble active ingredient is an active ingredient for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis.
  • salvianolic acid A has a significant protective effect on myocardial cell injury induced by ischemia-reperfusion, and total salvianolic acid exhibits a strong anti-ischemic reperfusion arrhythmia effect; salvianolic acid A, salvianolic acid B And total salvianolic acid has protective effect on brain damage induced by cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in mice, can reduce MDA content in brain tissue; anti-thrombotic effect of salvianolic acid; protective effect of salvianolic acid on liver and kidney; salvianolic acid It has strong anti-oxidation effect, can remove superoxide anion and excimer radical, inhibit lipid peroxidation, and so on. (Du Guanhua et al., Basic Medicine and Clinical Medicine, 2000, 20 (5): 10-14).
  • the extraction method of water-soluble parts of Salvia miltiorrhiza is mostly carried out by water column or polyamide column.
  • the extraction method of salvianolate polyphenolate reported by Takashi Tanaka et al. (Chemical Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 1989, 37 ( 2 ), 340 -344), in addition, KojiHase et al (PlantaMedica, 1997, 63, 22-26), Xu Yaming, etc.
  • KojiHase et al PlantaMedica, 1997, 63, 22-26
  • Xu Yaming etc.
  • Choinese patent CN1247855A published in March 2000
  • Liu Ping Choinese patent CN1270809A, published in October 2000
  • Lianniang, etc. Choinese patent, application number 01142288.2, application date September 2001
  • a similar method was also used to extract phenolic acids from Salvia miltiorrhiza.
  • the water extract of Danshen decoction is boiled, the extract is concentrated and alcohol precipitated, and the alcohol precipitation liquid is concentrated to obtain the crude extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza.
  • the main components are salvianolic acid components;
  • the water extract of Danshen water is decoctioned, the extract is concentrated and alcohol precipitated. After the alcohol precipitation liquid is concentrated to a certain extent, it is passed through a macroporous resin column or a polyamide column, washed with water, alcohol washed, and the eluent is concentrated and dried.
  • the extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza is mainly composed of salvianolic acid.
  • one type of component is selected as an active ingredient, such as salvianolic acid or tanshinone, and the utilization rate of Salvia miltiorrhiza is relatively low, and another effective active ingredient of Salvia miltiorrhiza is discarded, and all the components of Salvia miltiorrhiza are not Express it.
  • the blank pellets are commonly used as drug carriers in the preparation industry. Many commercially available capsule preparations are loaded on the blank pellets, and then coated to make a certain release of the giant pellets. It has the characteristics of good fluidity, easy filling of capsules, small difference in loading and stable drug release. The pellet is widely used in the field of pharmacy.
  • the drug As a carrier of the drug, it can be further compressed into a tablet or a capsule, which not only improves the stability of the drug, but also effectively adjusts the drug release rate as a drug release.
  • the system, the pellets also have therapeutic advantages, it is less irritating to the intestines, reduces the burst effect of the drug, and improves the safety of medication.
  • the present invention provides a Salvia miltiorrhiza extract having strong pharmacological activity, and through process improvement, finds a drug-loading technology suitable for Salvia miltiorrhiza extract, and further Prepared into Danshen pellets.
  • the invention may be defined by any of the following numbered paragraphs:
  • the Salvia miltiorrhiza extract according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the extract comprises the following components by weight: Danshensu: rosmarinic acid: lithospermic acid: salvianolic acid B: cryptotanshinone: tanshinone II A : stachyose (1-8): (1-8): (1-8): (10-70):
  • the Salvia miltiorrhiza extract according to paragraph 2, characterized in that the extract comprises the following components by weight: Danshensu: rosmarinic acid: lithospermic acid: salvianolic acid B: cryptotanshinone: tanshinone II A : stachyose (2-5): (2-5): (2-5): (25-60):
  • the Salvia miltiorrhiza extract according to paragraph 3, characterized in that the extract comprises the following components by weight: Danshensu: rosmarinic acid: lithospermic acid: salvianolic acid B: cryptotanshinone: tanshinone II A : stachyose (2-4): (2-4): (2-4): (25-30):
  • a pellet preparation comprising the Salvia miltiorrhiza extract as described in any one of paragraphs 1 to 5 as an active ingredient.
  • a method of preparing a Salvia miltiorrhiza extract comprising the steps of:
  • Salvia miltiorrhiza is extracted with alcohol, filtered to obtain alcohol extract, and drug residue A is used;
  • the dregs A is extracted with water, filtered, and the aqueous extract is obtained, and the dregs B are discarded;
  • aqueous extract concentrate is gradually added to the alcohol extract supernatant, and combined and concentrated to obtain a mixed concentrate
  • step (6) 10 L-100 L of purified water is added to the mixed concentrate in portions, 5-50 L of purified water is added each time, and the mixture is concentrated. , concentrated under reduced pressure to 82.5 ⁇ 2.5 ° C relative density of 1.25-1.35 to collect the paste.
  • a method of preparing a pellet preparation comprising Salvia miltiorrhiza extract comprising the steps of:
  • Initial drug loading stage Debug the spray gun and atomizing pressure, so that the liquid can be evenly atomized into fine droplets, and the extract liquid medicine is sent to the spray gun through the metering pump, and the upper and lower jets are respectively set to 2.0-3.0. Bar and 2.5-3.5Bar, set the material temperature to about 50 °C, after the temperature of the material rises to 45 °C, the liquid is sprayed, and the spray speed is set to 120g/mm;
  • the temperature of the material is 45-55 °C. With the increase of the diameter of the pill, the infusion volume is gradually increased, and the infusion rate is not more than 400g/mm. The air volume is adjusted according to the fluidization state of the pellets;
  • the coating liquid is sprayed directly for coating.
  • the initial temperature of the coating is set at 50 ° C
  • the spraying speed is 80 g/mm
  • the spraying speed can be adjusted to 80 after 20 minutes of coating.
  • the material temperature is controlled at 40-55 °C
  • the infusion speed, air volume and material temperature are adjusted according to the adhesion of the pellets.
  • the salvia miltiorrhiza extract of the present invention comprises the water-soluble active ingredient and the fat-soluble active ingredient in the salvia miltiorrhiza, and the salvia miltiorrhiza extract which is uniformly dispersed by the water-soluble component and the fat-soluble component is obtained by the process adjustment; on the other hand, the present invention Concentrate
  • the order and specific gravity setting can effectively prevent the long-term high-concentration content of tanshinones from decreasing, effectively retaining the fat-soluble components obtained by alcohol extraction of Salvia miltiorrhiza, improving the stability of the extract, and reducing the extract by adding water and concentration after concentration.
  • the residual organic solvent can effectively prevent the long-term high-concentration content of tanshinones from decreasing, effectively retaining the fat-soluble components obtained by alcohol extraction of Salvia miltiorrhiza, improving the stability of the extract, and reducing the extract by adding water and concentration after concentration.
  • the results of the pharmacodynamic test showed that the salvia miltiorrhiza extract of the present invention can significantly promote the opening of the capillaries of the auricle microcirculation of the mouse, thereby improving the microcirculation state; on the other hand, the efficacy test shows that the salvia miltiorrhiza extract of the present invention also has a drop Blood lipids.
  • the pellet preparation of the invention as a spherical pellet, has a small amount of the carrier and a small single dose, and generally takes 0.1-4 g per dose; the shape is regular, spherical or spheroidal, the surface is smooth and round; the physical properties are good, For example, good fluidity, regular particle size distribution, compact texture, resistance to abrasion, high density (bulk density of 0.6-1.3g/ml), small specific surface area (only 0.005-0.05m 2 /g, preferably 0.01-) 0.03m 2 /g ), short dissolution time limit; the above characteristics can improve patient compliance, and make the practical application of coating technology possible, thus improving the problem of easy absorption and instability of Salvia miltiorrhiza extract.
  • pellets of the present invention can be used as an ordinary granule, as an intermediate or a formula granule, or as a capsule, and can also be prepared into various coating preparations, controlled release preparations, and the like. Positioning drug release preparations, etc.
  • Figure 1 is a comparative diagram of the extraction of Salvia miltiorrhiza extract using two different concentration methods, (1) the adhesion of the flask after the discharge of Salvia miltiorrhiza extract, (2) the cleaning of the flask water, and (3) the cleaning of 95% ethanol.
  • the alcohol extract is first concentrated and then added to the aqueous extract, and (b) the aqueous extract is first concentrated and then gradually introduced into the alcohol extract.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the coating of two different concentration methods.
  • Figure 3 is a graph showing the concentration lethality of zebrafish on Salvia miltiorrhiza extract.
  • Fig. 4 shows a zebrafish blood lipid quantitative analysis region in which a blood lipid quantitative analysis is performed on a region circled by a solid line.
  • Figure 5 shows the vascular fat staining of the tail of zebrafish after 48 hours of treatment at different concentrations.
  • Figure 6 is a bar graph showing the rate of blood lipid reduction in zebrafish induced by Salvia miltiorrhiza extract at different concentrations.
  • the temperature is allowed to stand for 20-60 minutes, and the temperature of the solution is lowered to below 15 ° C for 6-24 hours to absorb the supernatant.
  • Below room temperature it can quickly remove impurities, such as dirt particles; low temperature can shorten the standing time, suitable for industrialization, and also ensure the stability of tanshinone and salvianolic acid.
  • the alcohol extract supernatant of the step (3) is gradually added to the water extract concentrate, concentrated and concentrated under reduced pressure to a relative density of ⁇ 1.20 to obtain a mixed concentration. Liquid; If the alcohol supernatant is concentrated first, the tanshinone component is likely to precipitate and agglomerate and adhere to the wall of the device as the ethanol concentration of the solution decreases.
  • the aqueous extract concentrate is gradually added to the alcohol extract supernatant and concentrated, so that the tanshinone component in the alcohol extract supernatant can be uniformly dispersed in the water extract concentrate.
  • the extract obtained by the concentrated method of the invention has uniform particle size, effectively avoids the long-term high-temperature concentration reduction of the tanshinone component, and effectively retains the high-recovery rate of the fat-soluble component tanshinones proposed by Danshenol, and compares the requirements for equipment cleaning. Simple, easier to operate and industrial, and more importantly, beneficial for subsequent formulation processes.
  • the invention will elaborate on the experiment of the influence of the extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza extract by different concentration methods.
  • step (6) of the method for preparing the salvia miltiorrhiza extract of the present invention 10 L of purified water is added to the mixed concentrate twice, 5 L each time, and concentrated, and concentrated under reduced pressure to a relative density of 82.5 ⁇ 2.5 ° C. 1.25- 1.35, filtered hot, with Salvia miltiorrhiza extract.
  • the water addition step is to volatilize ethanol, control the amount of ethanol residue, and improve the quality of the extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza.
  • the process product can meet the requirements of the EU market for the residue limit of extract ethanol ( ⁇ 0.5%).
  • Preparation of the reference solution Take the appropriate amount of cryptotanshinone and tanshinone II A reference substance, accurately weighed, placed in a brown volumetric flask, add methanol to make a solution containing cryptotanshinone, tanshinone oxime ⁇ 16 ⁇ ⁇ per ml.
  • test solution Take about 0.2g of the extract, accurately weighed, placed in a 10ml volumetric flask, dissolved in methanol, sonicated 30mm, cooled to room temperature, adjusted to the mark with methanol, shake well, over 0.22 ⁇ organic film, that is.
  • the measurement method accurately extracts 5 ⁇ l of each of the reference solution and the test solution, and injects it into a high-performance liquid chromatograph to determine.
  • test solution Preparation of the test solution Weigh the test sample 0.1g, accurately weighed, placed in a 10ml volumetric flask, add purified water ultrasonic 15mm dissolved, constant volume, over 0.22 ⁇ water film, that is.
  • test sample Weigh 0.1g of the test sample, accurately weigh it, put it into a 10ml volumetric flask, add purified water to the ultrasonic 15mm, dissolve, make up, and pass the water film of 0.22 ⁇ .
  • the base pellets of the present invention are also referred to as blank pellet cores or medicinal pellet cores, which are of the prior art and are commercially available.
  • the main products in the medicinal pellets core are: medicinal pellets (sucrose type), microcrystalline cellulose pellets, starch pellets and so on.
  • the base pellet of the present invention is selected from the group consisting of starch-based pellets, polyethylene glycol 6000-based pellets, sucrose-based pellets, and microcrystalline cellulose-based pellets, preferably starch-based pellets or polyethylene glycol 6000-based pellets.
  • the base-based pellets have the advantages of high drug loading, easy spraying, easy process control, and easy industrialization.
  • the obtained drug-loaded pellets can be further processed into pellets. If the drug-loaded micropellets are coated and sieved to obtain coated pellets, the Chinese medicine micropellet capsules of the present invention are obtained by being filled into blank capsules.
  • Test Example 1 Effect of different concentration methods on Salvia miltiorrhiza extract
  • the concentration mode of the scheme 2 is that the water extract is concentrated first, and then the alcohol extract is gradually added and concentrated.
  • the Salvia miltiorrhiza extract was prepared using the following procedure:
  • step (3) The alcohol extract in step (1) is stirred for 30 minutes, the temperature of the alcohol extract liquid is lowered to below 15 ° C for 12 hours, and the supernatant is taken to obtain the alcohol extract supernatant, and the aqueous extract in step (2) Stir for 30 minutes, the temperature of the aqueous extract is reduced to below 15 ° C for 12 hours, and the supernatant is aspirated to obtain the supernatant;
  • the water extract concentrate is gradually added to the step (3), the alcohol extract supernatant, combined and concentrated, and the relative density of the liquid during the concentration process Not less than 1.10, concentrated under reduced pressure to a relative density ⁇ 1.20, to obtain a mixed concentrate;
  • the Salvia miltiorrhiza extract was prepared using the following procedure:
  • the amount of medicinal materials of Salvia miltiorrhiza is 2 times the amount of 50% ethanol, refluxing for about 0.5 hours, filtering the alcohol extract, and the dregs A are used;
  • step (3) The alcohol extract in step (1) is stirred for 20 minutes, and the temperature of the alcohol extract is lowered to below 15 ° C for 6 hours. The supernatant is taken up to obtain the alcohol extract supernatant, and the aqueous extract in step (2) is obtained. Stir for 20 minutes, the temperature of the aqueous extract is reduced to below 15 ° C for 6 hours, and the supernatant is aspirated to obtain the supernatant;
  • the water extract concentrate is gradually added to the step (3).
  • the supernatant is extracted and concentrated.
  • the relative gravity of the liquid in the concentration process is not less than 1.10, and the concentration is concentrated to the phase under reduced pressure.
  • the concentration is ⁇ 1.20, and the concentrated liquid is obtained;
  • the Salvia miltiorrhiza extract was prepared using the following procedure:
  • the amount of medicinal materials of Salvia miltiorrhiza is 7 times the amount of 100% ethanol, refluxing for about 4 hours, filtering the alcohol extract, and the dregs A are used;
  • the amount of the above-mentioned dregs A is 7 times the amount of water, boiled for about 4 hours, filtered, and the aqueous extract is obtained, and the dregs B are discarded;
  • step (3) The alcohol extract in step (1) is stirred for 60 minutes, and the temperature of the alcohol extract is lowered to below 15 ° C for 24 hours. The supernatant is taken up to obtain the alcohol extract supernatant, and the aqueous extract in step (2) is obtained. After stirring for 60 minutes, the temperature of the aqueous extract is lowered to below 15 ° C for 24 hours, and the supernatant is aspirated to obtain a supernatant;
  • Stepwise addition step of water extract concentrate (3) The supernatant is extracted by alcohol, concentrated and concentrated.
  • the relative density of the liquid in the concentration process is not less than 1.10, and concentrated under reduced pressure to a relative density ⁇ 1.20 to obtain a mixed concentrate;
  • the mixed concentrate was added to 100 L of purified water in a divided manner, 50 L of purified water was added each time, and the mixture was concentrated, concentrated under reduced pressure to 82.5 ⁇ 2.5 ° C, and the relative density was 1.35, and filtered while hot to obtain Salvia miltiorrhiza extract.
  • the Salvia miltiorrhiza extract was prepared using the following procedure:
  • the amount of medicinal materials of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge is 5 times 75% ethanol, reflux extraction for about 2 hours, and the alcohol extract is filtered to prepare the drug residue A;
  • step (1) The above-mentioned dregs A is added with 5 times the amount of water, refluxed for about 2 hours, filtered, and the aqueous extract is obtained.
  • step (2) The alcohol extract in step (1) is stirred for 30 minutes, the temperature of the alcohol extract is reduced to below 15 ° C, and the supernatant is taken for 12 hours to obtain the alcohol extract supernatant, and the water in step (2) is extracted.
  • the liquid is stirred for 30 minutes, the temperature of the aqueous extract is reduced to below 15 ° C, and allowed to stand for 12 hours, and the supernatant is aspirated to obtain a supernatant;
  • Stepwise addition step of water extract concentrate (3) The supernatant is extracted with alcohol, concentrated and concentrated under reduced pressure to a relative density ⁇ 1.20 to obtain a mixed concentrate;
  • the mixed concentrate was added with 50 L of purified water in each step, and 25 L of purified water was added each time, and concentrated, concentrated under reduced pressure to a relative density of 1.25-1.35 at 82.5 ⁇ 2.5 ° C, and filtered while hot to obtain Salvia miltiorrhiza extract.
  • the Salvia miltiorrhiza extract was prepared using the following procedure:
  • the amount of medicinal materials of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge is 5 times 75% ethanol, reflux extraction for about 2 hours, and the alcohol extract is filtered to prepare the drug residue A;
  • step (3) The alcohol extract in step (1) is stirred for 30 minutes, the temperature of the alcohol extract is reduced to below 15 ° C, and the supernatant is taken for 12 hours to obtain the alcohol extract supernatant, and the water in step (2) is extracted.
  • the liquid is stirred for 30 minutes, the temperature of the aqueous extract is reduced to below 15 ° C, and allowed to stand for 12 hours, and the supernatant is aspirated to obtain a supernatant;
  • Stepwise addition step of water extract concentrate (3) The supernatant is extracted by alcohol, concentrated and concentrated.
  • the relative density of the liquid in the concentration process is not less than 1.10, and concentrated under reduced pressure to a relative density ⁇ 1.20 to obtain a mixed concentrate;
  • the mixed concentrate was added with 50 L of purified water in each step, and 25 L of purified water was added each time, and concentrated, concentrated under reduced pressure to a relative density of 1.25-1.35 at 82.5 ⁇ 2.5 ° C, and filtered while hot to obtain Salvia miltiorrhiza extract.
  • Salvia miltiorrhiza extract Cut Salvia: Appetite inspection, weighing, spare.
  • Adding material order When feeding, firstly cut the salvia miltiorrhiza, add 90 ⁇ 0.5% ethanol, and add the first RO water as the extraction solvent for extraction.
  • One batch consists of 2 cans, each can be weighed 100kg of cut salvia miltiorrhiza according to the batch prescription, add 90 ⁇ 0.5% ethanol 400 ⁇ 12L, decoction 90 ⁇ 5mm, 200 mesh filtration, two tanks of Danshen alcohol extract Into the canister; the second extraction of the dregs, add water 500 ⁇ 15L, decoction 60 ⁇ 3mm, 200 mesh filtration, the drug residue is discarded, two jars of Danshen water extract into a different static tank.
  • the mixture of Danshen alcohol extract and Danshen water was placed in different static tanks, and the static tank was placed in the chilled water to cool down. After the extract was stirred for 30 minutes, the temperature of the liquid dropped to below 15 °C and allowed to stand. After 6-24 hours, the supernatant of Danshen alcohol and the supernatant of Salvia miltiorrhiza water are taken and placed in their respective storage tanks.
  • concentrate Firstly concentrate the supernatant of Salvia miltiorrhiza water to the concentration of 1.25- 1.30 (82.5 ⁇ 2.5°C) of the concentrated extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza. Gradually add the supernatant of Danshen alcohol to further concentrate and concentrate.
  • concentration of concentrated liquid in the concentration process shall not be lower than 1.15.
  • Salvia miltiorrhiza extract liquid The extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza is put into a premixed tank, and 0.7-0.9 times of purified water is added, and stirred for more than 30 minutes to obtain a Chinese medicine liquid;
  • Starch-based pellet loading Debug the spray gun and atomizing pressure to evenly atomize the liquid into small droplets.
  • Fluidization of base pellets Set the air volume to 600m 3 /h, and inhale the base pellets into the fluidized and dry coating machine to completely fluidize the base pellets in the bed; however, it cannot be vigorously fluidized to cause the base pellets to wear and powder;
  • Initial drug loading stage Debug the spray gun to enable good atomization. Transfer the Chinese medicine liquid to the spray gun through the metering pump, set the upper and lower jets to 2.0Bar and 2.5Bar respectively, and set the material temperature to about 50 °C. After the temperature of the material rises to 45 °C, the liquid is sprayed, and the spray speed is set to 70 g/mm ;
  • the material temperature is 50 °C. With the increase of the diameter of the pellet, the infusion volume is gradually increased, the infusion speed is not more than 400g/mm, and the air volume is adjusted according to the fluidization state of the pellet;
  • the coating liquid is directly sprayed for coating.
  • the initial temperature of the coating is set at 50 ° C, the spraying speed is 40 g/mm, and the spraying speed can be adjusted to 80 g/mm after 20 minutes of coating.
  • the temperature of the material is controlled at 40 ° C, and the infusion speed, air volume and material temperature are adjusted according to the adhesion of the pellets;
  • the Chinese medicine liquid is prepared by adding water extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza, and the weight ratio of Salvia miltiorrhiza extract to water is 100:90.
  • Fluidization of the base pellet set the air volume to 1500m 3 /h, and inhale the base pellet into the fluidized drying coating machine to completely fluidize the pellet in the bed;
  • Initial drug loading phase Debug the spray gun to enable good atomization. Transfer the Chinese medicine liquid to the spray gun through the metering pump, set the upper and lower jets to 3.0Bar and 3.5Bar respectively, and set the material temperature to about 50 °C. After the temperature of the material rises to 45 °C, the liquid is sprayed, and the spray speed is set to 120g/mm ;
  • the material temperature is 55 °C. With the increase of the diameter of the pellet, the infusion volume is gradually increased, and the infusion speed is not more than 400g/mm. The air volume is adjusted according to the fluidization state of the pellets;
  • the coating liquid is sprayed directly for coating.
  • the initial temperature of the coating is set at 50 ° C, the spraying speed is 80 g/mm, and the spraying speed can be adjusted to 150 g/mm after 20 minutes of coating.
  • the material temperature is controlled at 55 ° C, and the infusion speed, air volume and material temperature are adjusted according to the adhesion of the pellets;
  • the Chinese medicine liquid is prepared by adding water extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza, and the weight ratio of Salvia miltiorrhiza extract to water is 100:70.
  • Fluidization of the base pellet set the air volume to 1500m 3 /h, and inhale the base pellet into the fluidized drying coating machine to completely fluidize the pellet in the bed;
  • Initial drug loading phase Debug the spray gun to enable good atomization. Transfer the Chinese medicine liquid to the spray gun through the metering pump, set the upper and lower jets to 3.0Bar and 3.5Bar respectively, and set the material temperature to about 50 °C. After the temperature of the material rises to 45 °C, the liquid is sprayed, and the spray speed is set to 120g/mm ;
  • the material temperature is 55 °C. With the increase of the diameter of the pellet, the infusion volume is gradually increased, and the infusion speed is not more than 400g/mm. The air volume is adjusted according to the fluidization state of the pellets;
  • the coating liquid is sprayed directly for coating.
  • the initial temperature of the coating is set at 50 ° C, the spraying speed is 80 g/mm, and the spraying speed can be adjusted to 150 g/mm after 20 minutes of coating.
  • the material temperature is controlled at 55 ° C, and the infusion speed, air volume and material temperature are adjusted according to the adhesion of the pellets;
  • the extract of Chinese medicine is Salvia miltiorrhiza extract
  • the base pellet is starch-based pellet.
  • the weight ratio of the two is 2:1.
  • the traditional Chinese medicine solution is prepared by adding Salvia miltiorrhiza extract with water.
  • the weight ratio of Salvia miltiorrhiza extract to water is 100:82. .
  • Fluidization of the base pellet set the air volume to 1500m 3 /h, and inhale the base pellet into the fluidized drying coating machine to completely fluidize the base pellet in the bed; however, it cannot be vigorously fluidized to cause the base pellet to wear and powder;
  • Initial drug loading phase The spray gun uses a 0.2mm gasket to adjust the spray gun to enable good atomization.
  • the Chinese medicine liquid is delivered to the spray gun through the metering pump, and the upper and lower jets are set to 3.0 Bar and 3.5 Bar, respectively.
  • the temperature of the material is about 50 °C. After the temperature of the material rises to 45 °C, the liquid is sprayed, and the spray speed is set to 120g/mm.
  • Drug loading process The material temperature is 55 °C. With the increase of the diameter of the pellet, the infusion volume is gradually increased, the infusion speed is not more than 400g/mm, and the air volume is adjusted according to the fluidization state of the pellet; Coating: After the drug is loaded, the coating liquid is directly sprayed for coating. The initial temperature of the coating is set at 50 ° C, the spraying speed is 80 g/mm, and the spraying speed can be adjusted to 150 g/mm after 30 minutes of coating. The material temperature is controlled at 55 ° C, and the infusion speed, air volume and material temperature are adjusted according to the adhesion of the pellets;
  • the extract of Chinese medicine is Salvia miltiorrhiza extract, and the base pellet is sucrose-based pellet.
  • the weight ratio of the two is 1:1.
  • the traditional Chinese medicine solution is prepared by adding water extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza.
  • the weight ratio of Salvia miltiorrhiza extract to water is 100:90. .
  • Salvia miltiorrhiza extract solution Salvia miltiorrhiza extract is put into a premixed tank, 0.82 times by weight of purified water is added, and stirred for more than 30 minutes to obtain a Chinese medicine solution;
  • Starch-based pellet loading Debug the spray gun to enable good atomization
  • Fluidization of the feed The starch-based pellets are sucked into the fluidized and dry coating machine, and the air volume is set to 1000m 3 /h, so that the base pellets are completely fluidized in the bed, but the fluidization of the base pellets cannot be caused by vigorous fluidization;
  • the mixed extract is sent to the spray gun through the metering pump, and the upper and lower jets are respectively set to 2.5 Bar and 3 Bar ; in the initial drug loading phase, the material temperature is set to about 50 ° C, and the liquid is started to be sprayed after the temperature of the material rises to 45 ° C. , the spray speed is set to 120g/mm;
  • Drug loading process The temperature of the material is 50 °C. With the increase of the diameter of the pellet, the infusion volume is gradually increased. The infusion speed is not more than 400g/mm. The air volume is adjusted according to the fluidization state of the pellets. During the drug loading process, if necessary, Sampling at the sampling port to observe the adhesion and powdering of the pellets, and adjust the infusion rate, air volume and material temperature according to the adhesion and powdering of the pellets;
  • Coating Take Opadry 85G66817 and purified water, stir and mix, stir for not less than 45 minutes, get 18% of coating liquid for use; after spraying, directly spray coating liquid for coating, initial setting of coating
  • the material temperature is 50 ° C
  • the spray speed is 80 g / mm
  • the spray speed can be adjusted to 100 g / mm after 20 minutes of coating
  • the material temperature is controlled at 50 ° C
  • the infusion speed, air volume and material are adjusted according to the adhesion of the pellets.
  • Capsule filling The selected Danshen pellets are filled with a capsule filling machine to obtain capsules.
  • the particle diameter value of the present invention is obtained by a conventional method, for example, by using a standard Pharmacopoeia sieve specified in the above (7) of the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China, and the particle size is measured by a sieving method.
  • the bulk density value of the present invention is obtained by a conventional viscosity measuring method, for example, using a BT-1000 powder comprehensive characteristic tester (developed jointly by Dandong Baite Instrument Co., Ltd. and Tsinghua University Powder Technology Development Department), and measuring particles according to instrument requirements.
  • the bulk density is obtained by a conventional viscosity measuring method, for example, using a BT-1000 powder comprehensive characteristic tester (developed jointly by Dandong Baite Instrument Co., Ltd. and Tsinghua University Powder Technology Development Department), and measuring particles according to instrument requirements.
  • the bulk density is obtained by a conventional viscosity measuring method, for example, using a BT-1000 powder comprehensive characteristic tester (developed jointly by Dandong Baite Instrument Co., Ltd. and Tsinghua University Powder Technology Development Department), and measuring particles according to instrument requirements.
  • the bulk density is obtained by a conventional viscosity measuring method, for example, using a BT-1000 powder comprehensive characteristic tester (developed jointly by Dandong Baite Instrument Co
  • the specific surface area value of the present invention is obtained by a conventional measurement method, for example, by using a specific surface area analyzer SSA-3600 (Beijing PeiTech Electronics Co., Ltd.), and measuring the specific surface area of the pellets according to the requirements of the apparatus.
  • SSA-3600 Beijing PeiTech Electronics Co., Ltd.
  • Salvia miltiorrhiza extract of the present invention The effect of the Salvia miltiorrhiza extract of the present invention will be described below by a pharmacodynamic test.
  • this experiment investigated the effects of Salvia miltiorrhiza extract on microcirculation through normal mouse auricle microcirculation and adrenaline-induced auricle microcirculation disturbance model.
  • the test drug was given three dose groups of 7, 14, 28g crude drug/kg (2, 4, 8g extract/kg), and was administered by continuous intragastric administration for 7 days. After the last administration, the mice were microcirculatory. The caliber and flow rate of the auricular microcirculatory vessels were measured.
  • Salvia miltiorrhiza extract of Example 6 dark brown extract (lg extract equivalent to 3.5 g crude drug).
  • ICR mice clean grade, 18-22g, male and female, purchased from Yangzhou University Comparative Medical Center, license number: SCXK (Su) 2012-0004.
  • the mouse word is raised in the independent air supply cage (IVC), the air cleanliness is 10000, the laboratory temperature is 24 ⁇ 2°C; the relative humidity is 60%-80%; the number of air exchanges per hour: 10-15 times/hour ; Light cycle: 12 (days) / 12 (nights) hours. Male and female separate words, no more than 5 per cage.
  • IVC independent air supply cage
  • Sterile granule litter purchased from Jiangsu Synergy Pharmaceutical Bioengineering Co., Ltd.
  • Drinking water Drink purified water.
  • test drugs in the formal test were set with three dose groups of 7, 14, 28g crude drug / kg (2, 4, 8g extract / kg).
  • the clinical dose of Salvia miltiorrhiza extract is 10g crude drug / human / day, converted to the equivalent dose of 2g crude drug / kg. Therefore, the three doses in this experiment were 3.5, 7, and 14 times the clinical equivalent dose.
  • mice Fifty mice were randomly divided into 5 groups, 10 in each group, which were blank control group, Salvia miltiorrhiza extract 2, 4, 8 extract/kg dose group, and compound Danshen dripping pills 270 mg/kg group. Each group was intragastrically administered, and the blank control group was given an equal volume of distilled water once daily. On the 6th day of dosing, fasting overnight, can not help but water. Seven days after the administration, the mice were anesthetized by intraperitoneal injection of urethane (20%, 0.1 ml/10 g). The left ear was gently affixed with a medical adhesive plaster to remove the auricle hair. The lateral position was placed on the observation plate, and liquid paraffin was added dropwise.
  • the auricle venules and capillaries in the same site were selected and passed through a microcirculator.
  • the caliber and flow rate of the auricle microcirculatory vessels in different groups of mice were observed before and after administration and 0.5 h, 2 h, and 4 h after administration.
  • mice Sixty mice were randomly divided into 6 groups, 10 in each group, which were blank control group, model group, Salvia miltiorrhiza extract 2, 4, 8g extract/kg dose group, and compound Danshen dripping pills 270mg/kg group.
  • the model group was given an equal volume of distilled water once daily. On the 6th day of dosing, fasting overnight, can not help but water.
  • the mice were anesthetized by intraperitoneal injection of urethane (20%, 0.1 ml/10 g). The left ear was gently affixed with a medical adhesive plaster to remove the auricle hair. The lateral position was placed on the observation plate, and liquid paraffin was added dropwise.
  • mice use a small glass rod to stick the back of the ear upwards to the ear to flatten.
  • the auricle venules and capillaries in the same site were selected and passed through a microcirculator. After the last intragastric administration of 30 mm, except for the blank control group, the remaining 5 groups were immediately injected with epinephrine 10 ( ⁇ g/kg, 5 mm, 30 mm, 120 mm before administration and after adrenal administration, respectively. Changes in caliber and flow velocity of microcirculatory vessels in the auricle of mice.
  • the input tube diameter and the output tube diameter of the high dose group of Salvia miltiorrhiza extract increased significantly at each time point (P ⁇ 0.05, P ⁇ 0.01), and the input in the middle dose group within 2 hours after administration. There was also a significant increase in branch diameter and branch diameter at each time point (P ⁇ 0.05, P ⁇ 0.01). The input tube diameter and output branch diameter increased significantly at 0.5h after administration in the low dose group. There was a statistical difference between the normal groups (Table 5, Table 6).
  • the salvia miltiorrhiza extract of the present invention has a significant increase effect on the diameter of the input branch tube and the diameter of the output branch tube, and also has a certain increase effect on the microvascular flow rate of the auricle microcirculation.
  • the Salvia miltiorrhiza extract of the present invention can significantly promote the opening of capillaries in the auricle microcirculation of mice, thereby improving the microcirculation state.
  • Test sample The Salvia miltiorrhiza extract of Example 6 was prepared into a stock solution having a concentration of 200 mg/ml (extract) using ultrapure water, and stored at -20 °C.
  • mice The reproduction of zebrafish embryos is carried out in a natural paired mating manner. Prepare 4-5 pairs of adult zebrafish for each mating, with an average of 200-300 embryos per pair. Embryos were cleaned 6 hours (ie 6 hpf) and 24 hpf (removed dead embryos) and appropriate embryos were selected based on the embryo's developmental stage (Kmimel et al. 1995). Incubate embryos with fish culture water at 28 °C (fish culture water quality: 200 mg of instant sea salt per 1 L of reverse osmosis water, conductivity 480-510 S/cm; pH 6.9-7.2; hardness 53.7-71.6 Mg/L CaC0 3 ).
  • the embryo can obtain nutrients from its own yolk sac, it does not need to be fed within 9 days (9dPf) after fertilization.
  • 9dPf 9 days
  • the zebrafish at various developmental stages were overexposed with tricaine methanesulfonic acid to anesthetize the zebrafish.
  • the procedure for anesthesia is in accordance with the specifications of the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) for anesthesia.
  • AVMA American Veterinary Medical Association
  • the high-lipid model zebrafish was treated with Salvia miltiorrhiza extract, and a plurality of different concentrations were set, and 30 zebrafish were treated at each concentration;
  • the five initial detection concentrations of Salvia miltiorrhiza extract were: 20 ( ⁇ g/ml, 40 ( ⁇ g/ml, 60 ( ⁇ g/ml, 80 ( ⁇ g/ml, 120 ( ⁇ g/ml and 200 ( ⁇ ) g/ml (configured with pure water);
  • lovastatin lovastatin
  • lovastatin 0.08 g/ml
  • the zebrafish is subjected to fat staining with a fat-specific dye
  • the image analysis software was used to quantitatively analyze the zebrafish blood fat staining intensity, and the zebrafish fat staining optical density sum (IOD) was calculated (Table 12). Based on the sum of the zebrafish fat-stained light densities, the zebrafish blood lipid reduction rate was calculated using the formula (1) (Table 12, Figure 5) to evaluate the hypolipidemic effect of Salvia miltiorrhiza extract.
  • 0.08 g/ml lovastatin (positive control group) treated zebrafish tail fat staining intensity group was significantly weaker than the model group, the reduction rate was 26.3% (P ⁇ 0.01); Salvia miltiorrhiza extract at 189 g/ml, 630 g/ At the concentrations of ml and 1890 g/ml, the intensity of fat staining in the tail vessels was significantly reduced (P ⁇ 0.001, P ⁇ 0.001, P ⁇ 0.001), and the lipid reduction rates were 32.7%, 35.2% and 36.2%, respectively.
  • the salvia miltiorrhiza extract of the present invention can significantly reduce the intensity of fat staining in the tail blood vessels at concentrations of 189 ⁇ ⁇ / ⁇ 630 ⁇ ⁇ / ⁇ 1 and 1890 ⁇ ⁇ / ⁇ 1 according to the concentration lethal experiment.
  • the blood lipid reduction rates were 32.7% ( ⁇ 0.001), 35.2% ( ⁇ 0.001), and 36.2% ( ⁇ 0.001), respectively, indicating that the Salvia miltiorrhiza extract of the present invention has a hypolipidemic effect, and the drug is at a concentration of 1/3 MNLC. The effect is close to the platform period.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种丹参提取物及其微丸制剂以及它们的制备方法和用途,所述丹参提取物包含下列重量比的组分:丹参素:迷迭香酸:紫草酸:丹酚酸B:隐丹参酮:丹参酮II A:水苏糖=(0.5-16):(0.5-15):(0.5-15):(5-140):(0.5-25):(1-50):(150-600)。本发明的丹参提取物同时包含丹参的水溶性活性成分和脂溶性活性成分,具有良好的稳定性和低的溶剂残留,此外还具有改善微循环以及降血脂的作用。

Description

一种丹参提取物及其微丸制剂以及它们的制备方法和用途
技术领域
本发明涉及一种新的中药丹参提取物及其微丸制剂, 属于制药领域。 本发明还涉及包含 上述丹参提取物和微丸制剂的制备方法和用途。
背景技术
丹参为唇形科鼠尾草植物丹参( Salvia miltiorrhiza Beg. )干燥的根。 在我国治疗冠心病心 绞痛方面, 已有近千年的使用历史, 最早记载于东汉的 《神农本草经》, 并被列为上品, 具有 行气止痛, 宁心安神, 清热凉血, 活血化瘀等功效。
自上世纪以来, 随着化学分离手段的不断发展, 以及近代植物化学的悄然兴起, 人们对 丹参的化学成分也有了进一步的研宄。
研宄表明, 丹参的活性成分主要有两类: 一类是以丹参酮为代表的脂溶性有效成分; 另 一类则是以丹酚酸为代表的水溶性有效成分。 脂溶性有效成分中, 丹参酮有抗菌、 消炎、 活 血化瘀、 促进伤口愈合等多方面作用; 同时, 近年来研宄认为, 水溶性有效成分是活血化瘀 的有效成分。 例如, 丹酚酸 A对缺血再灌注引起的心肌细胞损伤有明显的保护作用, 总丹酚 酸表现出较强的抗缺血再灌性心律失常作用; 丹酚酸 A、 丹酚酸 B 以及总丹酚酸对小鼠脑缺 血再灌注引起的脑损伤有保护作用, 可以减少脑组织中 MDA含量; 丹酚酸抗血栓作用; 丹酚 酸对肝、 肾的保护作用; 丹酚酸具有很强的抗氧化作用, 可以清除超氧阴离子和释基自由基, 抑制脂质过氧化反应, 等等。 (杜冠华等, 基础医学与临床, 2000, 20 ( 5 ): 10-14 )。
目前,丹参水溶性部位的提取方法多为水提后过树脂柱或聚酰胺柱,例如, Takashi Tanaka 等报道的丹参多酚酸盐的提取方法(Chemical Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 1989, 37 ( 2 ) , 340-344 ) , 另外, KojiHase 等 (PlantaMedica, 1997, 63 , 22-26 )、 徐亚明等 (中国专利 CN1247855A, 2000年 3月公开)、 刘平等 (中国专利 CN1270809A, 2000年 10月公开)、 黎莲娘等 (中国专 利, 申请号 01142288.2, 申请日 2001年 9月)亦采用类似的方法从丹参中提取酚酸类化合物。
现有技术中, 丹参提取方法大概分为以下几种:
1. 丹参水煎煮得水提取液, 提取液浓缩后醇沉, 将醇沉液浓缩得丹参粗提取物, 主要成 分为丹酚酸类成分;
2. 丹参水煎煮得水提取液, 提取液浓缩后醇沉, 将醇沉液浓缩一定程度后, 过大孔树脂 柱或聚酰胺柱, 水洗, 醇洗, 洗脱液浓缩干燥即可, 得丹参精提取物, 主要成分为丹酚酸类 成分。
3. 丹参 C02超临界萃取得丹参酮提取物, 药渣水提醇沉后, 上清液过树脂柱, 水洗, 醇 洗得水溶性成分提取物。
上述方法中, 一般都是选择一类成分作为有效成分, 如丹参酚酸类或丹参酮类, 丹参药 材的利用率比较低, 舍弃了丹参的另一种有效活性成分, 没有将丹参药材的全部成分表达出 来。 造成药材资源的浪费。 空白微丸是制剂行业中常用的药物载体, 很多市售的胶囊制剂都是在空白微丸上载药, 再包衣制成一定释放要求的巨标微丸。 它具有流动性好, 易填装胶囊, 装量差异小, 释药稳 定等特点。 微丸在药剂学领域中的应用十分广泛, 作为药物的载体, 它既可以进一步压制成 片剂, 又可填充胶囊, 不仅提高了药物稳定性, 而且可有效地调节药物释放速率, 作为药物 释放系统, 微丸还具有治疗学上的优势, 它对肠道剌激较小, 减少了药物的突释效应, 提高 了用药安全性。
在空白微丸上载药技术已经使用多年, 但中药产品极少, 很多中药载药技术都或多或少 存在载药量少、 不稳定、 外观差等缺点。
发明内容
为了更好地利用丹参药材, 充分发挥丹参药材的药理作用, 本发明提供一种具有较强药 理活性的丹参提取物, 并经过工艺改进, 找到一种适合丹参提取物的载药技术, 并进一步制 备成丹参微丸。
可通过下列编号段落中的任一项对本发明进行限定:
1. 一种丹参提取物, 其特征在于, 所述提取物包含下列重量比的组分: 丹参素:迷迭香酸: 紫草酸:丹酚酸 B:隐丹参酮:丹参酮 II A:水苏糖 = (0.5-16) : (0.5-15) : (0.5-15) : (5-140) :
(0.5-25) : (1-50) : (150-600)。
2. 如段落 1所述的丹参提取物, 其特征在于, 所述提取物包含下列重量比的组分: 丹参 素:迷迭香酸:紫草酸:丹酚酸 B:隐丹参酮:丹参酮 II A:水苏糖 = (1-8): (1-8): (1-8): (10-70):
(1-10) : (2-20) : (250-500)。
3. 如段落 2所述的丹参提取物, 其特征在于, 所述提取物包含下列重量比的组分: 丹参 素:迷迭香酸:紫草酸:丹酚酸 B:隐丹参酮:丹参酮 II A:水苏糖 = (2-5): (2-5): (2-5): (25-60):
(2-6) : (4-10) : (300-450)。
4. 如段落 3所述的丹参提取物, 其特征在于, 所述提取物包含下列重量比的组分: 丹参 素:迷迭香酸:紫草酸:丹酚酸 B:隐丹参酮:丹参酮 II A:水苏糖 = (2-4): (2-4): (2-4): (25-30):
(2-5) : (4-10) : (330-400)。
5. 如段落 4所述的丹参提取物, 其特征在于, 所述提取物包含下列重量比的组分: 丹参 素:迷迭香酸:紫草酸:丹酚酸 B:隐丹参酮:丹参酮 II A:水苏糖 =3:3:3:28:4:7:370。
6. 一种微丸制剂, 其包含如段落 1-5中任一项所述的丹参提取物作为活性成分。
7. 如段落 6 所述的微丸制剂, 其特征在于, 所述微丸堆密度为 0.6-1.3g/ml, 比表面积 0.005-0.05m2/g, 粒径为 0.5-1.8mm。
8. 如段落 6或 7所述的微丸制剂, 其特征在于, 所述的微丸堆密度为 0.8-1. lg/ml, 比表 面积 0.01-0.03m2/g, 粒径为 0.7-1.2mm。
9. 一种丹参提取物的制备方法, 所述方法包括以下步骤:
(1) 丹参药材用醇提取, 过滤得到醇提液, 药渣 A备用; (2) 药渣 A加水提取, 过滤, 得水提液, 药渣 B弃去;
(3) 醇提液、 水提液分别降温静置, 再分别吸取上清液为醇提上清液、 水提上清液;
(4) 水提上清液浓缩得水提浓缩液;
(5) 水提浓缩液逐步加入醇提上清液, 合并浓缩, 得混合浓缩液;
(6) 混合浓缩液中加入纯化水, 混合均匀后浓缩, 即得丹参提取物。
10. 如段落 9所述的方法, 其特征在于, 步骤 (1) 中所述的醇为乙醇, 其用量为药材用 量 2-7倍重量, 醇浓度为 50-100% (v/v), 提取时间 0.5-4小时。
11. 如段落 9或 10所述的方法, 其特征在于, 步骤(2) 中的加水量为药渣 A的 3-7倍重 量, 提取时间 0.5-4小时。
12. 如段落 9-11中任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 步骤 (3) 中所述的降温静置是将提 取液搅拌 20-60分钟, 料液温度降至 15°C以下静置 6-24小时吸取上清液。
13. 如段落 9-12中任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 步骤 (4) 中将水提上清液浓缩至相 对密度 1.10-1.35, 获得所述水提浓缩液。
14. 如段落 9-13中任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 步骤 (6) 中向混合浓缩液中分次加 入 10L-100L纯化水, 每次加入 5-50L纯化水, 合并浓缩, 减压浓缩至 82.5±2.5°C相对密度为 1.25-1.35收膏。
15. 如段落 9-14中任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述方法包括以下步骤: 取切制丹参, 加 90±0.5%乙醇 400±12L, 煎煮 90±5min, 200 目过滤, 醇提液合并放入静 置罐中; 药渣进行第二次提取, 加水 500±15L, 煎煮 60±3mm, 200 目过滤, 药渣弃去, 水提 液合并放入不同静置罐中; 醇提混合液和水混合提液分别置于不同静置罐中, 静置罐通冷冻 水降温静置, 提取液搅拌 30分钟后, 4小时内将提取液温度降至 15°C以下, 静置 6-24小时, 吸取醇提上清液和水提上清液放至各自储罐中; 先浓缩水提上清液至水提浓缩液比重 1.25-1.30 (82.5±2.5°C) 之间; 逐步加入醇提上清液进一步合并浓缩, 浓缩过程中浓缩液比重 不得低于 1.15; 浓缩至混合浓缩液比重≥1.34, 分两次加入 10L纯化水, 每次加 5L (45±5°C), 合并浓缩, 浓缩至比重 1.33-1.35 (82.5±2.5°C), 趁热过滤 (40 目筛) 得丹参提取物。
16. 如段落 9-15 中任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 根据所述制备方法制得的丹参提取 物包含下列重量比的组分:
丹参素:迷迭香酸:紫草酸:丹酚酸 B:隐丹参酮:丹参酮 II A:水苏糖 = (0.5-16) : (0.5-15) : (0.5-15) : (5-140) : (0.5-25) : (1-50) : (150-600)。
17. 如段落 16所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所制得的丹参提取物包含下列重量比的组分: 丹参素:迷迭香酸:紫草酸:丹酚酸 B:隐丹参酮:丹参酮 II A:水苏糖 = (1-8) : (1-8) : (1-8) :
(10-70) : ( 1-10) : (2-20) : (250-500)。
18. 如段落 17所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所制得的丹参提取物包含下列重量比的组分: 丹参素:迷迭香酸:紫草酸:丹酚酸 B:隐丹参酮:丹参酮 II A:水苏糖 = (2-5) : (2-5) : (2-5) :
(25-60) : (2-6) : (4-10) : (300-450)。 19. 如段落 18所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所制得的丹参提取物包含下列重量比的组分: 丹参素:迷迭香酸:紫草酸:丹酚酸 B:隐丹参酮:丹参酮 II A:水苏糖 = (2-4) : (2-4) : (2-4) :
(25-30) : (2-5) : (4-10) : (330-400)。
20. 如段落 19所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所制得的丹参提取物包含下列重量比的组分: 丹参素:迷迭香酸:紫草酸:丹酚酸 B:隐丹参酮:丹参酮 II A:水苏糖 =3:3:3:28:4:7:370。
21. 一种包含丹参提取物的微丸制剂的制备方法, 所述方法包括以下步骤:
(1) 取重量比为 1:5至 5:1的丹参提取物:基丸备用;
(2) 上料流化: 将处方量基丸吸入到流化干燥包衣机内, 使基丸在床体内完全流化;
(3) 初期载药阶段: 待物料温度 40-60°C, 开始以速度 70-120g/mm 喷液, 涂布于基丸 表面, 所述喷液是将所述丹参提取物加水稀释得到的预混丹参提取物雾化成细小液滴;
(4) 载药过程: 在物料温度 40-60°C, 随着丸径的增加, 喷液量逐步增加, 颗粒丸径与 喷液速度呈梯度提高, 直至喷涂得到粒径为 0.5-1.8mm的颗粒。
22. 如段落 21所述的方法, 其特征在于, 在喷液完毕后, 对载药微丸喷入包衣液进行包 衣步骤 (5), 包衣物料温度 40-60°C, 喷液速度 40-300g/min, 包衣时间 1-4小时, 所述包衣 液浓度为 5-25%。
23. 如段落 22所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述方法包括如下步骤:
(1) 取重量比为 1:3至 3:1、 优选 2:1至 1:1的丹参提取物:基丸备用;
(2) 基丸上料流化: 设定风量 600-1500m3/h, 将基丸吸入到流化干燥包衣机内, 使基丸 在床体内完全流化; 但不能剧烈流化造成基丸磨损起粉, 以基丸能够覆盖喷枪雾化液滴为准;
(3) 初期载药阶段: 调试喷枪和雾化压力, 使药液能够均匀雾化成细小液滴, 将提取物 药液通过计量泵输送到喷枪, 分别设定上喷气和下喷气为 2.0-3.0Bar和 2.5-3.5Bar, 设定物料 温度 50°C左右, 待物料温度升至 45°C后开始喷液, 喷液速度设定 120g/mm;
(4) 载药过程中: 物料温度 45-55°C, 随丸径的增大, 输液量逐步增加, 输液速度最高 不超过 400g/mm, 风量根据微丸的流化状态进行调整;
(5)包衣: 载药结束后直接喷包衣液进行包衣, 包衣初期设定物料温度 50°C, 喷液速度 80g/mm, 包衣 20分钟后可将喷液速度调整至 80-150g/mm, 物料温度控制在 40-55°C, 根据 微丸的粘连情况调整输液速度, 风量和物料温度。
24. 如段落 23所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述提取物药液是由所述丹参提取物加水配制 而成, 所述丹参提取物与水的重量比为 100:60-100, 优选 100:70-90, 更优选 100:75-85。
25. 如段落 21-24中任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述微丸为段落 6-8中任一项所述 的微丸。
26. 段落 1-5中任一项所述的丹参提取物或段落 6-8中任一项所述的微丸制剂在制备用于 改善微循环或降血脂的药物方面的用途。
本发明的丹参提取物同时包含了丹参中的水溶性活性成分和脂溶性活性成分, 并通过工 艺调整, 获得了水溶性成分和脂溶性成分均匀分散的丹参提取物; 另一方面, 本发明的浓缩 顺序及比重设定有效防止丹参酮类成分长时间高温浓缩含量降低, 有效保留了将丹参进行醇 提得到的脂溶性成分, 提高了提取物的稳定性, 并通过浓缩后期加水合并浓缩降低了提取物 的有机溶剂残留。
药效试验结果显示, 本发明的丹参提取物可明显促进小鼠耳廓微循环的毛细血管开放, 进而改善微循环状态; 另一方面, 药效试验表明, 本发明的丹参提取物还具有降血脂作用。
本发明的微丸制剂,作为球形微丸, 载体的用量少、单剂量小, 一般每次服用量为 0.1-4g; 外形规则, 呈球形或类球形、 表面光滑圆整; 物理特性良好, 例如流动性好、 颗粒粒度分布 规整、 质地致密耐挤压, 耐磨损、 密度大 (堆密度为 0.6- 1.3g/ml )、 比表面积小 (只有 0.005-0.05m2/g , 优选 0.01-0.03m2/g ), 溶散时限短; 上述特点能够提高患者的依从性, 并使包 衣技术的实际推广应用成为可能, 从而改善了丹参提取物易吸潮、 不稳定等问题。 另外, 本 发明的微丸除了可以作为普通的颗粒剂使用, 还可以作为中间体或配方颗粒, 或灌装成胶囊 剂等剂型, 此外还可以制备成各种包衣制剂、 缓控释制剂、 定位释药制剂等。
附图说明
图 1 为使用两种不同浓缩方式制取丹参提取物的比较示意图, (1 ) 为丹参提取物放料后 烧瓶粘附情况, (2 ) 为烧瓶水清洗情况, (3 ) 为 95%乙醇清洗情况。 其中 (a) 为先将醇提液 浓缩再加入水提液, (b ) 为先将水提液浓缩再逐步并入醇提液。
图 2为两种不同浓缩方式的涂布情况示意图。
图 3为斑马鱼对丹参提取物的浓度致死曲线图。
图 4示出了斑马鱼血脂定量分析区域, 其中, 对实线部分圈出的区域进行血脂定量分析。 图 5示出了不同浓度处理 48小时后, 斑马鱼尾部的血管脂肪染色情况。
图 6为示出了不同浓度下丹参提取物诱导的斑马鱼血脂降低率的柱状图。
具体实施方式
本发明所述丹参提取物的制备方法的步骤(3 ) 中, 降温静置是将提取液搅拌 20-60分钟, 料液温度降至 15°C 以下静置 6-24小时吸取上清液。 作用: 降至室温以下, 可以迅速除去杂 质、 如泥土颗粒等; 温度低可以缩短静置时间, 适合产业化, 同时也能保证丹参酮和丹酚酸 的稳定性。
本发明所述丹参提取物的制备方法的步骤 (5 ) 中, 向水提浓缩液中逐步加入步骤 (3 ) 的醇提上清液, 合并浓缩, 减压浓缩至相对密度≥1.20得混合浓缩液; 如果单独先浓缩醇提上 清液时, 随着料液乙醇浓度降低, 丹参酮类成分容易析出结块, 粘附在设备壁上。 本发明采 取水提浓缩液逐步加入醇提上清液合并浓缩, 可以使醇提上清液中丹参酮类成分均匀分散在 水提浓缩液中。 因此本发明浓缩方式所得提取物粒度均匀, 有效地避免了丹参酮类成分长时 间高温浓缩含量降低, 有效保留了丹参醇提出来的脂溶性成分丹参酮类成分回收率比较高, 对设备清洁的要求比较简单, 更易于操作和产业化, 更重要的是对后续制剂工艺是有利的。 本发明将后附不同浓缩方式对丹参提取物性状影响实验进行详细阐述。 本发明所述丹参提取物的制备方法的步骤 (6 ) 中, 向混合浓缩液中分两次加入 10L纯化 水, 每次加 5L, 合并浓缩, 减压浓缩至 82.5±2.5°C相对密度为 1.25- 1.35, 趁热过滤, 得丹参 提取物。 此加水步骤作用是为挥发掉乙醇, 控制乙醇残留量, 提高了丹参提取物的质量, 本 工艺产品能满足欧盟市场对提取物乙醇残留限度要求 (≤0.5%)。
使用现有技术中记载的方法对本发明的丹参提取物的成分进行检测:
( 1 ) 丹参酮 ΠΑ、 隐丹参酮含量检测方法 (参照 2010版中国药典丹参药材项下): 色谱条件和系统适用性试验以十八垸基硅垸键合硅胶为填充剂, 以甲醇-水 (75 :25 ) 为流 动相; 检测波长 270nm。 理论塔板数按丹参酮 ΠΑ峰计算均应不低于 2000
对照品溶液的制备取隐丹参酮、 丹参酮 II A 对照品适量, 精密称定, 置棕色量瓶中, 加 甲醇制成每 ml含隐丹参酮、 丹参酮 ΙΙ Α 16μ§的溶液, 即得。
供试品溶液的制备: 取本提取物约 0.2g, 精密称定, 置于 10ml容量瓶中, 加甲醇溶解, 超声处理 30mm, 冷却至室温, 用甲醇定容至刻度, 摇匀, 过 0.22μηι有机膜, 即得。
测定法分别精密吸取对照品溶液与供试品溶液各 5μ1,注入高效液相色谱仪,测定, 即得。
( 2 ) 丹参酚酸含量检测方法
色谱条件和系统适用性试验以十八垸基硅垸键合硅胶为填充剂 (2.1 X 100mm 1.8μηι ) , 以 0.05% ( ml/ml ) 的硫酸水溶液为流动相 A, 以乙腈溶液为流动相 B, 按下表 1进行梯度洗 脱; 流速为每分钟 0.4ml ; 检测波长为 280nm; 柱温度 40°C ; 记录时间为 12分钟, 理论塔板 数按丹参素计算应不低于 8000
Figure imgf000008_0001
对照品溶液的制备
称取丹参素、 迷迭香酸、 紫草酸、 丹酚酸 B适量, 于 100ml容量瓶中, 加 75%甲醇适量 使溶解, 定容, 摇匀, 制成浓度分别为 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.5mg/ml的对照品溶液。
供试品溶液的制备称取供试品 0.1g, 精密称定, 置 10ml容量瓶中, 加纯化水超声 15mm 溶解, 定容, 过 0.22μηι的水膜, 即得。
测定法
分别精密吸取对照品溶液与供试品溶液各 2μ1, 注入超高效液相色谱仪, 测定, 用外标法 计算含量, 即得。 ( 3 ) 水苏糖含量测定
色谱条件和系统适用性
氨基柱色谱条件色谱柱:
Hypersil-NH2氨基键合柱, 4.6 mmx250 mm 5 μηι, 大连依利特; 柱温: 40°C; 流动相: 乙腈:水 ( v:v) =70:30; 流速: l .O mL/mino
试验对照品溶液的制备:
称准确称取水苏糖标准品适量, 于 10 mL容量瓶中, 用水溶解定容, 制成浓度为其水苏 糖贮备液浓度为 5 mg/mLo
供试品溶液的制备:
称取供试品 0.1g, 精密称定, 置 10ml容量瓶中, 加纯化水超声 15mm, 溶解, 定容, 过 0.22μηι的水膜, 即得。
测定法
分别精密吸取对照品溶液与供试品溶液各 2μ1, 注入超高效液相色谱仪, 测定, 用外标法 计算含量, 即得。
本发明所述的基丸也称空白丸芯或药用微丸丸芯, 其属于现有技术, 可以在市场上购买 得到。 在药用微丸丸芯方面的主要产品有: 药用微丸丸芯 (蔗糖型)、 微晶纤维素丸芯、 淀粉 丸芯等。 本发明所述的基丸选自淀粉基丸、 聚乙二醇 6000基丸、 蔗糖基丸、 微晶纤维素基丸 中的一种, 优选淀粉基丸或聚乙二醇 6000基丸, 此类基丸具有载药量高、 喷涂容易、 工艺容 易控制、 易于产业化等优点。
根据本发明的制备方法, 所得载药微丸经过进一步加工可以制成微丸胶囊。 如将载药微 丸包衣, 过筛, 得到包衣微丸, 装入空白胶囊中即得本发明的中药微丸胶囊。
实施例
以下通过实施例进一步说明本发明, 但不作为对本发明的限制。
除非另有说明, 本发明中所述的%以及%。均为重量比。
试验例 1 : 不同浓縮方式对丹参提取物的影响
为了考察不同浓缩方式对丹参提取物的性状、 粒度分布以及酚酸成分的影响进行了以下 试验。
准确称量丹参药材 450g, 用 4倍量 90%乙醇提取 1.5h, 药液过滤; 药渣用 5倍量水回流 提取 lh, 过滤, 得醇提液和水提液。 每个实验平行提取两次。
方案 1 : 先浓缩醇提液后逐步加入浓缩水提液合并浓缩, 至糖度 86±2%收膏。
方案 2 : 先浓缩水提液至糖度 84±2%后, 逐步加入醇提液合并浓缩, 至糖度 86±2%收膏。 首先, 在实验过程中, 分别对两个方案中丹参提取物放料后烧瓶粘附情况 (图 1 ( 1 ) )、 烧瓶水清洗情况 (图 1 ( 2 ) ) 和 95%乙醇清洗情况 (图 1 ( 3 ) ) 进行考察并比较两方案间的优 劣, 得到了以下结果: 由图 1 ( 1 ) 可知, 方案 1中, 黑子渣子颗粒大且粘附比较严重, 而方案 2中析出的黑色 渣子较细小并且也更均匀, 从而方案 2的浓缩方式提取物性状较好。
由图 1 ( 2 ) 可以看出, 方案 1中的烧瓶黑子渣子粘附比严重, 而方案 2的浓缩方式粘壁 情况较少。 从而从水清洗效果来说方案 2的浓缩方式对设备清洗较好。
由图 1 ( 3 ) 可知, 方案 1中 95%乙醇清洗溶液颜色比较重, 方案 2的溶液颜色较清。 综上所述, 从丹参提取物表观性状和后续设备清洗来说, 方案 2 的方式, 即先浓缩水提 液后逐步加入醇提液合并浓缩方式最优。
由图 2的丹参提取物涂布图片可以看出, 方案 1 获得的丹参提取物有明显大颗粒的黑子 渣子析出, 而方案 2 的浓缩方式获得的丹参提取物黑色渣子分布比较均匀且颗粒比较小, 对 丹参提取物对后续制剂影响较小。
此外, 还对两种方案获得的丹参提取物进行了药典筛粒度分布检测。
分别取各批次丹参提取物浸膏 50,加 5倍量水溶解,过 1-8号药典筛(药典筛依次叠放), 用约 500ml蒸熘水冲洗, 观察每层药典筛中浸膏颗粒分布情况, 然后将每层中的颗粒用水冲 洗, 收集, 抽滤, 连同滤纸烘干称重。 结果参见表 2.
表 2 两种浓缩方式的丹参提取物的粒度分析
Figure imgf000010_0001
由表 2可知, 根据提取物颗粒大小以及大颗粒出现顺序, 提取物性状优劣顺序为方案 2> 方案 1。 因此方案 2的浓缩方式, 即先浓缩水提液, 再逐步加入醇提液合并浓缩的方式更优。
以下实施例 1-6给出了制备本发明的丹参提取物的实例。
实施例 1 丹参提取物的制备
使用如下步骤制备了丹参提取物:
( 1 )丹参药材加药材量 5倍量 75%乙醇, 回流提取 2小时,过滤得醇提液, 药渣 A备用;
( 2 ) 药渣 A加药材量 5倍量水, 煎煮 2小时, 过滤, 得水提液, 药渣 B弃去;
( 3 ) 步骤 (1 ) 中的醇提液搅拌 30分钟, 醇提液温度降至 15°C以下静置 12小时吸取上 清液得醇提上清液, 步骤 (2 ) 中的水提液搅拌 30分钟, 水提液温度降至降至 15°C以下静置 12小时, 吸取上清液得水提上清液;
( 4 ) 水提上清液浓缩至相对密度 1.20-1.30, 得水提浓缩液;
( 5 ) 水提浓缩液逐步加入步骤 (3 ) 醇提上清液, 合并浓缩, 浓缩过程中料液相对密度 不得低于 1.10, 减压浓缩至相对密度≥1.20, 得混合浓缩液;
(6) 混合浓缩液分次加入 50L 纯化水, 每次加入 25L, 搅拌均匀, 合并后减压浓缩至 82.5±2.5°C相对密度为 1.25-1.35, 趁热过滤, 得丹参提取物。
实施例 2 丹参提取物的制备
使用如下步骤制备了丹参提取物:
(1) 丹参药材加药材量 2倍量 50%乙醇, 回流提取约 0.5小时, 过滤得醇提液, 药渣 A 备用;
(2) 上述药渣 A加药材量 2倍量水, 煎煮约 0.5小时, 过滤, 得水提液, 药渣 B弃去;
(3) 步骤 (1) 中的醇提液搅拌 20分钟, 醇提液温度降至 15°C以下静置 6小时吸取上 清液得醇提上清液, 步骤 (2) 中的水提液搅拌 20分钟, 水提液温度降至 15°C以下静置 6小 时, 吸取上清液得水提上清液;
(4) 水提上清液浓缩至相对密度 1.20, 得水提浓缩液;
(5) 水提浓缩液逐步加入步骤 (3) 醇提上清液, 合并浓缩, 浓缩过程中料液相对比重 不得低于 1.10, 减压浓缩至相, 对密度≥1.20, 得混合浓缩液;
(6) 混合浓缩液分次加入 10L 纯化水, 每次加入 5 纯化水, 合并浓缩, 减压浓缩至 82.5±2.5°C相对密度为 1.25, 趁热过滤, 得丹参提取物。
实施例 3 丹参提取物的制备
使用如下步骤制备了丹参提取物:
(1) 丹参药材加药材量 7倍量 100%乙醇, 回流提取约 4小时, 过滤得醇提液, 药渣 A 备用;
(2) 上述药渣 A加药材量 7倍量水, 煎煮约 4小时, 过滤, 得水提液, 药渣 B弃去;
(3) 步骤 (1) 中的醇提液搅拌 60分钟, 醇提液温度降至 15°C以下静置 24小时吸取上 清液得醇提上清液, 步骤 (2) 中的水提液搅拌 60分钟, 水提液温度降至 15°C 以下静置 24 小时, 吸取上清液得水提上清液;
(4) 水提上清液浓缩至相对密度 1.30, 得水提浓缩液;
(5) 水提浓缩液逐步加入步骤 (3) 醇提上清液, 合并浓缩, 浓缩过程中料液相对密度 不得低于 1.10, 减压浓缩至相对密度≥1.20, 得混合浓缩液;
(6) 混合浓缩液分次加入 100L纯化水, 每次加入 50L纯化水, 合并浓缩, 减压浓缩至 82.5±2.5°C相对密度为 1.35, 趁热过滤, 得丹参提取物。
实施例 4 丹参提取物的制备
使用如下步骤制备了丹参提取物:
(1)丹参药材加药材量 5倍量 75%乙醇, 回流提取约 2小时, 过滤得醇提液, 药渣 A备 用;
(2) 上述药渣 A加药材量 5倍量水, 回流提取约 2小时, 过滤, 得水提液, 药渣 B弃 (3) 步骤 (1) 中的醇提液搅拌 30分钟, 醇提液温度降至 15°C以下, 静置 12小时吸取 上清液得醇提上清液, 步骤 (2) 中的水提液搅拌 30分钟, 水提液温度降至 15°C以下, 静置 12小时, 吸取上清液得水提上清液;
(4) 水提上清液浓缩至相对密度 1.20-1.30, 得水提浓缩液;
(5)水提浓缩液逐步加入步骤 (3) 醇提上清液, 合并浓缩, 减压浓缩至相对密度≥1.20, 得混合浓缩液;
(6) 混合浓缩液分次加入 50L纯化水, 每次加入 25L 纯化水, 合并浓缩, 减压浓缩至 82.5±2.5°C相对密度为 1.25-1.35, 趁热过滤, 得丹参提取物。
实施例 5 丹参提取物的制备
使用如下步骤制备了丹参提取物:
(1)丹参药材加药材量 5倍量 75%乙醇, 回流提取约 2小时, 过滤得醇提液, 药渣 A备 用;
(2) 上述药渣 A加药材量 5倍量水, 回流提取约 2小时, 过滤, 得水提液, 药渣 B弃 去;
(3) 步骤 (1) 中的醇提液搅拌 30分钟, 醇提液温度降至 15°C以下, 静置 12小时吸取 上清液得醇提上清液, 步骤 (2) 中的水提液搅拌 30分钟, 水提液温度降至 15°C以下, 静置 12小时, 吸取上清液得水提上清液;
(4) 水提上清液浓缩至相对密度 1.20-1.30, 得水提浓缩液;
(5) 水提浓缩液逐步加入步骤 (3) 醇提上清液, 合并浓缩, 浓缩过程中料液相对密度 不得低于 1.10, 减压浓缩至相对密度≥1.20, 得混合浓缩液;
(6) 混合浓缩液分次加入 50L纯化水, 每次加入 25L 纯化水, 合并浓缩, 减压浓缩至 82.5±2.5°C相对密度为 1.25-1.35, 趁热过滤, 得丹参提取物。
实施例 6 丹参提取物的制备
丹参提取物: 切制丹参: 药材外观检査, 称量, 备用。
加入物料顺序: 投料时先投切制丹参, 一煎加入 90±0.5%乙醇、 二煎加入一级 RO水作为 提取溶媒进行提取。
提取:
一批次由 2罐组成,每罐均按批处方分别称取切制丹参 100kg,加 90±0.5%乙醇 400±12L, 煎煮 90±5mm, 200 目过滤, 两罐丹参醇提液合并放入静置罐中; 药渣进行第二次提取, 加水 500±15L, 煎煮 60±3mm, 200 目过滤, 药渣弃去, 两罐丹参水提液合并放入不同静置罐中。
降温静置:
将丹参醇提混合液和丹参水混合提液分别置于不同静置罐中, 静置罐通冷冻水降温静置, 提取液搅拌 30分钟后, 料液温度降至 15°C以下, 静置 6-24小时, 吸取丹参醇提上清液和丹 参水提上清液放至各自储罐中。
浓缩: 先浓缩丹参水提上清液至丹参水提浓缩液比重 1.25- 1.30 ( 82.5±2.5°C )之间; 逐步加入丹 参醇提上清液进一步合并浓缩, 浓缩过程中浓缩液比重不得低于 1.15 ; 浓缩至丹参混合浓缩 液比重≥1.34, 分两次加入 10L纯化水, 每次加 5L ( 45±5°C), 合并浓缩,浓缩至比重 1.33- 1.35 ( 82.5±2.5°C ), 趁热过滤 (40 目筛) 得丹参提取物。
使用本发明所述的方法对实施例 1-6的丹参提取物进行成分检测, 其结果列于表 3中: 表 3 丹参提取物的成分检测
Figure imgf000013_0001
以下实施例 7- 11使用实施例 6的丹参提取物, 应用下列条件制造丹参微丸:
原料:
丹参提取物 32.5kg
淀粉或聚乙二醇 6000基丸 16.0kg
欧巴代 85G66817 1.5kg
丹参提取物药液的配制: 丹参提取物投入预混罐内, 加入 0.7-0.9倍量的纯化水, 搅拌 30 分钟以上, 得到中药药液;
淀粉基丸载药: 调试喷枪和雾化压力, 使药液能够均匀雾化为细小液滴。
实施例 7 载药微丸的制备
基丸上料流化: 设定风量 600m3/h, 将基丸吸入到流化干燥包衣机内, 使基丸在床体内完 全流化; 但不能剧烈流化造成基丸磨损起粉;
初期载药阶段: 调试喷枪, 使能够雾化良好, 将中药药液通过计量泵输送到喷枪, 分别 设定上喷气和下喷气为 2.0Bar和 2.5Bar, 设定物料温度 50°C左右, 待物料温度升至 45°C后 开始喷液, 喷液速度设定 70g/mm ;
载药过程: 物料温度 50°C, 随丸径的增大, 输液量逐步增加, 输液速度最高不超过 400g/mm, 风量根据微丸的流化状态进行调整;
包衣: 载药结束后直接喷包衣液进行包衣, 包衣初期设定物料温度 50°C, 喷液速度 40g/mm, 包衣 20分钟后可将喷液速度调整至 80g/mm, 物料温度控制在 40°C, 根据微丸的粘 连情况调整输液速度, 风量和物料温度; 其中, 中药药液是丹参提取物加水配制而成, 丹参提取物与水的重量比为 100:90。
实施例 8 载药微丸的制备
基丸上料流化: 设定风量 1500m3/h, 将基丸吸入到流化干燥包衣机内, 使基丸在床体内 完全流化;
初期载药阶段: 调试喷枪, 使能够雾化良好, 将中药药液通过计量泵输送到喷枪, 分别 设定上喷气和下喷气为 3.0Bar和 3.5Bar, 设定物料温度 50°C左右, 待物料温度升至 45°C后 开始喷液, 喷液速度设定 120g/mm;
载药过程: 物料温度 55°C, 随丸径的增大, 输液量逐步增加, 输液速度最高不超过 400g/mm, 风量根据微丸的流化状态进行调整;
包衣: 载药结束后直接喷包衣液进行包衣, 包衣初期设定物料温度 50°C, 喷液速度 80g/mm, 包衣 20分钟后可将喷液速度调整至 150g/mm, 物料温度控制在 55°C, 根据微丸的 粘连情况调整输液速度, 风量和物料温度;
其中, 中药药液是丹参提取物加水配制而成, 丹参提取物与水的重量比为 100:70。
实施例 9 载药微丸的制备
基丸上料流化: 设定风量 1500m3/h, 将基丸吸入到流化干燥包衣机内, 使基丸在床体内 完全流化;
初期载药阶段: 调试喷枪, 使能够雾化良好, 将中药药液通过计量泵输送到喷枪, 分别 设定上喷气和下喷气为 3.0Bar和 3.5Bar, 设定物料温度 50°C左右, 待物料温度升至 45°C后 开始喷液, 喷液速度设定 120g/mm;
载药过程: 物料温度 55°C, 随丸径的增大, 输液量逐步增加, 输液速度最高不超过 400g/mm, 风量根据微丸的流化状态进行调整;
包衣: 载药结束后直接喷包衣液进行包衣, 包衣初期设定物料温度 50°C, 喷液速度 80g/mm, 包衣 20分钟后可将喷液速度调整至 150g/mm, 物料温度控制在 55°C, 根据微丸的 粘连情况调整输液速度, 风量和物料温度;
其中, 中药提取物为丹参提取物, 基丸为淀粉基丸, 两者重量比例为 2: 1, 中药药液是丹 参提取物加水配制而成, 丹参提取物与水的重量比为 100:82。
实施例 10 载药微丸的制备
基丸上料流化: 设定风量 1500m3/h, 将基丸吸入到流化干燥包衣机内, 使基丸在床体内 完全流化; 但不能剧烈流化造成基丸磨损起粉;
初期载药阶段: 喷枪使用 0.2mm的垫片, 调试喷枪, 使能够雾化良好, 将中药药液通过 计量泵输送到喷枪, 分别设定上喷气和下喷气为 3.0Bar和 3.5Bar, 设定物料温度 50°C左右, 待物料温度升至 45°C后开始喷液, 喷液速度设定 120g/mm;
载药过程: 物料温度 55°C, 随丸径的增大, 输液量逐步增加, 输液速度最高不超过 400g/mm, 风量根据微丸的流化状态进行调整; 包衣: 载药结束后直接喷包衣液进行包衣, 包衣初期设定物料温度 50°C, 喷液速度 80g/mm, 包衣 30分钟后可将喷液速度调整至 150g/mm, 物料温度控制在 55°C, 根据微丸的 粘连情况调整输液速度, 风量和物料温度;
其中, 中药提取物为丹参提取物, 基丸为蔗糖基丸, 两者重量比例为 1 : 1, 中药药液是丹 参提取物加水配制而成, 丹参提取物与水的重量比为 100:90。
实施例 11 丹参微丸胶囊的制备
丹参提取物药液的配制: 丹参提取物投入预混罐内, 加入 0.82倍重量的纯化水, 搅拌 30 分钟以上, 得到中药药液;
淀粉基丸载药: 调试喷枪, 使能够雾化良好;
上料流化: 将淀粉基丸吸入流化干燥包衣机内, 设定风量 1000m3/h, 使基丸在床体内完 全流化, 但不能剧烈流化造成基丸磨损起粉; 将预混提取物通过计量泵输送到喷枪, 分别设 定上喷气和下喷气为 2.5Bar和 3Bar; 初期载药阶段, 设定物料温度 50°C左右, 待物料温度 升至 45°C后开始喷液, 喷液速度设定 120g/mm;
载药过程: 物料温度 50°C, 随丸径的增大, 输液量逐步增加, 输液速度最高不超过 400g/mm, 风量根据微丸的流化状态进行调整; 载药过程中, 必要时从取样口取样观察微丸 的粘连和起粉情况, 并根据微丸的粘连和起粉情况调整输液速度, 风量和物料温度;
包衣: 取欧巴代 85G66817和纯化水, 搅拌混匀, 搅拌不少于 45分钟, 得到 18%的包衣 液备用;载药结束后直接喷包衣液进行包衣,包衣初期设定物料温度 50°C,喷液速度 80g/mm, 包衣 20分钟后可将喷液速度调整至 100g/mm, 物料温度控制在 50°C, 根据微丸的粘连情况 调整输液速度, 风量和物料温度, 包衣结束后, 降温至 35°C, 出料;
包衣丸筛选: 将中间体包衣丸筛选, 筛网网径为 1.8mm, 筛下物为丹参微丸; 筛选所得 丹参微丸占比例不低于 90%;
胶囊填充: 将筛选到的丹参微丸, 用胶囊填充机填充胶囊, 即得。
对于实施例 7-11中的微丸, 按照如下方法测定其堆密度、 比表面积和粒径:
本发明的粒径数值采用常规方法得到, 例如采用中华人民共和国药典一部凡例计量项下 第 (7 ) 规定的标准药典筛, 用筛分法测量粒径。
本发明的堆密度数值采用常规的粘度测定方法得到, 例如采用 BT-1000型粉体综合特性 测试仪 (丹东百特仪器有限公司和清华大学粉体技术开发部联合研制), 按照仪器要求测量颗 粒的堆密度。
本发明的比表面积数值采用常规的测定方法得到,例如采用比表面积分析仪 SSA-3600(北 京彼奥德电子技术有限公司), 按照仪器要求测定微丸的比表面积。
测得的微丸相关参数见如下表 4。 表 4 微丸的堆密度、 比表面积和粒径
Figure imgf000016_0001
以下通过药效试验对本发明的丹参提取物的效果进行说明。
药效例 1 丹参提取物对小鼠耳廓微循环的影响
为了评价丹参提取物对微循环的影响, 本实验通过正常小鼠耳廓微循环和肾上腺素致小 鼠耳廓微循环障碍模型, 考察丹参提取物对微循环的影响。 实验中受试药物设 7、 14、 28g生 药 /kg ( 2、 4、 8g浸膏 /kg ) 三个剂量组, 连续灌胃给药 7 天, 末次给药后采用微循环测定仪 进行小鼠耳廓微循环血管的口径、 流速测定。
(一) 实验材料
1. 受试药物
实施例 6的丹参提取物, 深褐色浸膏 (lg浸膏相当于 3.5g生药)。
2. 阳性药
复方丹参滴丸, 27mg/丸, 天士力制药集团股份有限公司。
3. 动物
3.1 种属、 规格、 来源
ICR小鼠, 清洁级, 18-22g, 雌雄各半, 购自扬州大学比较医学中心, 许可证号: SCXK (苏) 2012-0004。
3.2 词养条件
小鼠词养于独立送风笼具 (IVC ) 中, 空气洁净度 10000级, 实验室温度 24±2°C; 相对 湿度 60%-80%; 每小时空气交换次数: 10-15次 /小时; 光照周期: 12 (日) /12 (夜) 小时。 雌雄分开词养, 每笼不超过 5只。
词料: 鼠全价颗粒词料, 购自江苏省协同医药生物工程有限责任公司, 其质量均符合 GB 14924.1-2001 《实验动物配合词料通用质量标准》。
垫料: 灭菌颗粒垫料, 购自江苏省协同医药生物工程有限责任公司。
饮水: 饮用纯化水。
4. 主要试剂
盐酸肾上腺素注射液, lml: lmg, 批号: 120915, 上海禾丰制药有限公司。
乌拉坦 (氨基甲酸乙酯), 500g/瓶, 分析纯, 上海青析化工科技有限公司。 5. 主要仪器
BSA124S精密电子天平 (0.1mg- 120g ), 德国赛多利斯 (sartorius ) ;
KD-160型电子秤, 东莞百利达健康器材有限公司;
WXT-4彩色多部位循环显示仪, 徐州恒达光学电子仪器有限公司。
(二) 试验方法
1. 剂量设定依据
参照本品前期实验基础, 在预实验基础上, 正式试验中受试药物设 7、 14、 28g 生药 /kg ( 2、 4、 8g浸膏 /kg ) 三个剂量组。 丹参提取物临床剂量为 10g生药 /人 /天, 折算到小鼠等效 剂量为 2g生药 /kg。 因此本实验的三个剂量为临床等效剂量的 3.5、 7、 14倍。
阳性药复方丹参滴丸参考相关文献及历史实验结果, 设 270mg ( 10丸) /kg—个剂量组。
2. 对正常小鼠耳廓微循环的影响
50只小鼠随机分为 5组, 每组 10只, 分别为空白对照组, 丹参提取物 2、 4、 8浸膏 /kg 剂量组, 复方丹参滴丸 270mg/kg组。 各组分别灌胃给药, 空白对照组给予等体积的蒸熘水, 每日一次。给药第 6天晚上禁食过夜, 不禁水。 给药七天, 腹腔注射乌拉坦(20%, 0.1ml/10g ) 麻醉小鼠, 每鼠左耳用医用橡皮膏轻贴拔去耳廓毛, 取侧卧位在观察板上, 滴加液体石蜡后 用小玻棒将耳背朝上贴在耳托展平。 选择同一部位耳廓细静脉、 毛细血管, 通过微循环测定 仪进行。 分别于给药前及给药后 0.5h, 2h, 4h, 观察测定不同组小鼠耳廓微循环血管的口径、 流速的变化。
3. 对肾上腺素导致微循环障碍的影响
60只小鼠, 随机分为 6组, 每组 10只, 分别为空白对照组, 模型组, 丹参提取物 2、 4、 8g浸膏 /kg剂量组, 复方丹参滴丸 270mg/kg组。 空白对照组, 模型组均给予等体积的蒸熘水, 每日一次。给药第 6天晚上禁食过夜, 不禁水。 给药七天, 腹腔注射乌拉坦(20%, 0.1ml/10g ) 麻醉小鼠, 每鼠左耳用医用橡皮膏轻贴拔去耳廓毛, 取侧卧位在观察板上, 滴加液体石蜡后 用小玻棒将耳背朝上贴在耳托展平。 选择同一部位耳廓细静脉、 毛细血管, 通过微循环测定 仪进行。末次灌胃给药 30mm后除空白对照组外,余下 5组立即尾静脉注射肾上腺素 10(^g/kg, 分别于给药前及肾上腺素给药后 5mm, 30mm, 120mm, 观察测定不同组小鼠耳廓微循环血 管的口径、 流速的变化。
4. 统计学处理:
实验数据均以均数和标准差 (M±SD ) 表示, 组间比较进行 t检验。
(三) 结果
1. 对正常小鼠耳廓微循环的影响
与同时间点正常组比较, 丹参提取物高剂量组各时间点输入枝管径和输出枝管径均有明 显增加(P<0.05, P<0.01 ), 中剂量组给药后 2h内的输入枝管径和各时间点输出枝管径也有明 显增加 (P<0.05, P<0.01 ), 低剂量组给药后 0.5h时输入枝管径和输出枝管径显著增加, 和正 常组相比有统计学差异 (表 5, 表 6 )。
与同时间点正常组比较, 丹参提取物各剂量组在给药 0.5h时对耳廓微循环微血管流速有 明显增加作用, 和正常组相比具有显著性差异 (表 7 )。
表 5 丹参提取物对正常小鼠耳廓微循环输入枝管径的影响 (N=10, M±SD )
Figure imgf000018_0001
*P<0.05, * *P<0.01, 与正常组相比。
Figure imgf000018_0002
*P<0.05, * *P<0.01 , 与正常组相比。
表 7 丹参提取物对正常小鼠耳廓微循环微血管流速的影响 (N=10, M±SD )
Figure imgf000018_0003
*P<0.05, 与正常组相比。
2. 对肾上腺素导致微循环障碍的影响
与正常动物相比, 肾上腺素造模 30mm 内, 小鼠耳廓微血管输入枝管径和输出枝管径均 显著减小 (P<0.05, P<0.01 ), 血液流速有部分下降; 造模 120mm时肾上腺素引起的微血管改 变逐渐消退。
对于肾上腺素引起的输入枝管径和输出枝管径减小, 丹参提取物各剂量组均有不同程度 的改善作用 (P<0.05, P<0.01 ), 且对血液流速有一定的增加作用 (表 8, 表 9, 表 10 )。 表 8 丹参提取物对肾上腺素诱导小鼠耳廓微循环输入枝管径的影响 (N=10, M±SD )
Figure imgf000019_0001
*P<0.05, **P<0.01, 与正常组相比; #P<0.05, ##P<0.01, 与模型组相比。
表 9 丹参提取物对肾上腺素诱导小鼠耳廓微循环输出枝管径的影响 (N=10, M±SD )
Figure imgf000019_0002
*P<0.05, **P<0.01, 与正常组相比; #P<0.05, 与模型组相比
表 10 丹参提取物对肾上腺素诱导小鼠耳廓微循环血管流速的影响 (N=10, M±SD )
Figure imgf000019_0003
P<0.05 , 与模型组相比
通过本试验例可以看出, 对于正常小鼠, 本发明的丹参提取物对于输入枝管径和输出枝 管径均有明显增加作用, 对耳廓微循环微血管流速也有一定的增加作用。
与正常动物相比, 肾上腺素造模 30mm 内, 小鼠耳廓微血管输入枝管径和输出枝管径均 显著减小 (P<0.05, P<0.01 ), 血液流速有部分下降; 造模 120mm时肾上腺素引起的微血管改 变逐渐消退。 对于肾上腺素引起的输入枝管径和输出枝管径减小, 丹参提取物各剂量组均有 不同程度的改善作用 (P<0.05, P<0.01 ), 而对血液流速影响较小。
综上可见, 本发明的丹参提取物可明显促进小鼠耳廓微循环的毛细血管开放, 进而改善 微循环状态。
药效例 2 斑马鱼模型评价丹参提取物的降血脂药效
1. 试剂与仪器 受试样品: 实施例 6的丹参提取物, 用超纯水配制成浓度为 200 mg/ml (浸膏)的储备液, -20°C保存。
实验仪器与试剂: 解剖显微镜 (SZX7, OlymPus公司); 6孔板 (Nest Biotech ) ; MESAB ( Sigma) ; Methyl cellulose ( Sigma) ;洛伐他汀(大连美仑生物技术有限公司,批号: 20111002, 纯度 >99%, 粉末状); 高脂肪食物 (杭州环特专利产品); 油红 0 ( Oil Red , Sigma, 批号 20120411 )。
实验动物: 斑马鱼胚胎的繁殖以自然成对交配的方式进行。 每次交配准备 4-5 对成年斑 马鱼, 平均每对能产 200-300个胚胎。 在受精后 6小时 (即 6 hpf) 和 24 hpf对胚胎进行清理 (移除已死亡胚胎), 并根据胚胎的发育阶段挑选合适的胚胎 (Kmimel et al. 1995 )。 在 28°C 条件下用养鱼用水孵育胚胎 (养鱼用水水质: 每 1L反渗透水中加入 200 mg速溶海盐, 电导 率为 480-510 S/cm; PH为 6.9-7.2; 硬度为 53.7-71.6 mg/L CaC03 )。 因为胚胎可以从自身的 卵黄囊中获取营养物质, 所以在受精后 9 天内 (9dPf) 不需要喂食。 实验完成后, 用三卡因 甲磺酸对各个发育阶段的斑马鱼进行过度暴露处理, 从而将斑马鱼麻醉处死。 麻醉处死的操 作步骤符合美国兽医协会 (AVMA ) 对动物麻醉处死的规范要求。
2. 实验方法
A. 确定丹参提取物的最大非致死浓度 (MNLC)
用高脂肪食物喂食 ALBINO品系斑马鱼幼鱼, 诱发斑马鱼高血脂模型;
停止喂食后用丹参提取物处理高血脂模型斑马鱼, 设置多个不同的浓度, 每个浓度均处 理 30尾斑马鱼;
丹参提取物的五个初始检测浓度分别为: 20(^g/ml、 40(^g/ml、 60(^g/ml、 80(^g/ml、 120(^g/ml和 200(^g/ml (用纯水配置);
处理 48小时后, 统计各实验组的斑马鱼死亡数量, 使用 GraPhPad Pnsm5.0统计学软件 绘制最佳的浓度效应曲线, 并计算 MNLC;
B. 定量评价丹参提取物的降血脂效果
依据 A的实验结果,选取 3个浓度对丹参提取物的降血脂效果进行评价(通常为 MNLC、 1/3 MNLC和 1 0 MNLC ) , 每个浓度均处理 30尾斑马鱼;
用高脂肪食物喂食 ALBINO品系斑马鱼幼鱼, 诱发斑马鱼高血脂模型;
停止喂食后用待测药物处理 48小时;
阳性对照组: 洛伐他汀 ( lovastatin) , 0.08 g/ml;
待测药物处理结束后, 用脂肪特异性染料对斑马鱼进行脂肪染色;
每组随机取 15尾斑马鱼在显微镜下观察斑马鱼尾部血液脂肪染色强度、拍照并保存图片; 用 Image -Pro Plus 6.0图像分析软件进行图像分析, 计算斑马鱼尾部血液脂肪染色信号强 度 (S ) , 进行定量分析, 统计学处理结果用 ± SE表示;
丹参提取物的降血脂药效计算公式如下: {l s (药物处理组) ]
血脂降低率 (%) = S (模型组) χ ι00% (1)
用方差分析和 Dunnett's T-检验进行统计学分析, P<0.05表明具有显著性差异。
3. 实验结果
(1) 确定丹参提取物的 MNLC
丹参提取物诱发的斑马鱼死亡率见表 11。
根据表 11中的数据, 用 GraPhPad5.0拟合浓度致死曲线 (图 3), 经过曲线拟合, 求得丹 参提取物的 MNLC=540 g/ml (浸膏) =1890 g/ml (生药)。
表 11 丹参提取物诱发的斑马鱼死亡率 (n=30)
Figure imgf000021_0001
(2) 定量评价丹参提取物的降血脂药效
根据浓度致死实验, 丹参提取物选取三个浓度进行降血脂药效评价实验, 三个浓度 (生 药折算) 分别为: 1890 g/ml (MNLC)、 630 g/ml (1/3 MNLC) 和 189 g/ml ( l/10MNLC)o 丹参提取物处理后, 对斑马鱼进行脂肪特异性染色, 在显微镜下观察并拍照保存(图 4)。 图 4 中以实线圈出的区域为血脂观察巨标区域。 应用图像分析软件对斑马鱼血液脂肪染色强 度进行定量分析, 计算斑马鱼脂肪染色光密度总和 (IOD) (表 12)。 根据斑马鱼脂肪染色光 密度总和, 用公式 (1) 计算斑马鱼血脂降低率 (表 12, 图 5), 评价丹参提取物的降血脂效 果。 0.08 g/ml洛伐他汀 (阳性对照组) 处理的斑马鱼尾部脂肪染色强度组明显弱于模型组, 降低率为 26.3% (P<0.01); 丹参提取物在 189 g/ml、 630 g/ml和 1890 g/ml浓度下均能显 著性降低尾部血管中脂肪染色强度 (P<0.001, P<0.001, P<0.001), 血脂降低率分别为 32.7%、 35.2%和 36.2%。
表 12 丹参提取物处理 48小时后降血脂效果 (meaniSE)
Figure imgf000021_0002
与模型组比较, *:P<0.01; **:P<0.001 由本药效实验可以看出,根据浓度致死实验,本发明的丹参提取物在 189 μ§/ηιΚ 630 μ§/ηι1 和 1890 μ§/ηι1 浓度下均能显著性降低尾部血管中脂肪染色强度, 血脂降低率分别为 32.7% (Ρ<0.001)、 35.2% (Ρ<0.001) 和 36.2% (Ρ<0.001 ), 表明本发明的丹参提取物有降血脂的作 用, 且在 1/3MNLC浓度时药效接近平台期。

Claims

权利要求书
1. 一种丹参提取物, 其特征在于, 所述提取物包含下列重量比的组分: 丹参素:迷迭香酸: 紫草酸:丹酚酸 B:隐丹参酮:丹参酮 II A:水苏糖 = (0.5-16) : (0.5-15) : (0.5-15) : (5-140) :
(0.5-25) : (1-50) : (150-600); 上述组分的重量比优选为 (1-8) : (1-8) : (1-8) : (10-70) : (1-10) : (2-20) : (250-500), 更优选为 (2-5) : (2-5) : (2-5) : (25-60) : (2-6) : (4-10) : (300-450), 进一步优选为 (2-4) : (2-4) : (2-4) : (25-30) : (2-5) : (4-10) : (330-400), 最优选为 3:3:3:28:4:7:370。
2. —种微丸制剂, 其包含权利要求 1所述的丹参提取物作为活性成分; 优选地, 所述微 丸堆密度为 0.6-1.3g/ml, 比表面积 0.005-0.05m2/g, 粒径为 0.5-1.8mm; 更优选地, 所述的微 丸堆密度为 0.8-1. lg/ml, 比表面积 0.01-0.03m2/g, 粒径为 0.7-1.2mm。
3. 一种丹参提取物的制备方法, 所述方法包括以下步骤:
(1) 丹参药材用醇提取, 过滤得到醇提液, 药渣 A备用; 优选地, 所述的醇为乙醇, 其 用量为药材用量 2-7倍重量, 醇浓度为 50-100% (v/v), 提取时间 0.5-4小时;
(2) 药渣 A加水提取, 过滤, 得水提液, 药渣 B弃去; 优选地, 加水量为药渣 A的 3-7 倍重量, 提取时间 0.5-4小时;
(3) 醇提液、 水提液分别降温静置, 再分别吸取上清液为醇提上清液、 水提上清液; 优 选地, 所述的降温静置是将提取液搅拌 20-60分钟, 料液温度降至 15°C以下静置 6-24小时吸 取上清液;
(4) 水提上清液浓缩得水提浓缩液; 优选地, 将水提上清液浓缩至相对密度 1.10-1.35, 获得所述水提浓缩液;
(5) 水提浓缩液逐步加入醇提上清液, 合并浓缩, 得混合浓缩液;
(6) 混合浓缩液中加入纯化水, 混合均匀后浓缩, 即得丹参提取物; 优选地, 向混合浓 缩液中分次加入 10L-100L纯化水,每次加入 5-50L纯化水,合并浓缩,减压浓缩至 82.5±2.5°C 相对密度为 1.25-1.35收膏。
4. 如权利要求 3所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述方法包括以下步骤:
取切制丹参, 加 90±0.5%乙醇 400±12L, 煎煮 90±5min, 200 目过滤, 醇提液合并放入静 置罐中; 药渣进行第二次提取, 加水 500±15L, 煎煮 60±3mm, 200 目过滤, 药渣弃去, 水提 液合并放入不同静置罐中; 醇提混合液和水混合提液分别置于不同静置罐中, 静置罐通冷冻 水降温静置, 提取液搅拌 30分钟后, 4小时内将提取液温度降至 15°C以下, 静置 6-24小时, 吸取醇提上清液和水提上清液放至各自储罐中; 先浓缩水提上清液至水提浓缩液比重 1.25-1.30 (82.5±2.5°C) 之间; 逐步加入醇提上清液进一步合并浓缩, 浓缩过程中浓缩液比重 不得低于 1.15; 浓缩至混合浓缩液比重≥1.34, 分两次加入 10L纯化水, 每次加 5L (45±5°C), 合并浓缩, 浓缩至比重 1.33-1.35 (82.5±2.5°C), 趁热过滤 (40 目筛) 得丹参提取物。
5. 如权利要求 3或 4所述的方法, 其特征在于, 根据所述制备方法制得的丹参提取物包 含下列重量比的组分: 丹参素:迷迭香酸:紫草酸:丹酚酸 B:隐丹参酮:丹参酮 II A:水苏糖 = (0.5-16) : (0.5-15) : (0.5-15) : (5-140) : (0.5-25) : ( 1-50) : (150-600); 上述组分的重 量比优选为 (1-8) : (1-8) : (1-8) : (10-70) : (1-10) : (2-20) : (250-500), 更优选为 (2-5) : (2-5) : (2-5) : (25-60) : (2-6) : (4-10) : (300-450), 进一步优选为 (2-4) : (2-4) : (2-4) : (25-30) : (2-5) : (4-10) : (330-400), 最优选为 3:3:3:28:4:7:370。
6. 一种包含丹参提取物的微丸制剂的制备方法, 所述方法包括以下步骤:
(1) 取重量比为 1:5至 5:1的丹参提取物:基丸备用;
(2) 上料流化: 将处方量基丸吸入到流化干燥包衣机内, 使基丸在床体内完全流化;
(3) 初期载药阶段: 待物料温度 40-60°C, 开始以速度 70-120g/mm 喷液, 涂布于基丸 表面, 所述喷液是将所述丹参提取物加水稀释得到的预混丹参提取物雾化成细小液滴;
(4) 载药过程: 在物料温度 40-60°C, 随着丸径的增加, 喷液量逐步增加, 颗粒丸径与 喷液速度呈梯度提高, 直至喷涂得到粒径为 0.5-1.8mm的颗粒。
7. 如权利要求 6所述的方法, 其特征在于, 在喷液完毕后, 对载药微丸喷入包衣液进行 包衣步骤 (5), 包衣物料温度 40-60°C, 喷液速度 40-300g/min, 包衣时间 1-4小时, 所述包 衣液浓度为 5-25%。
8. 如权利要求 7所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述方法包括如下步骤:
(1) 取重量比为 1:3至 3:1、 优选 2:1至 1:1的丹参提取物:基丸备用;
(2) 基丸上料流化: 设定风量 600-1500m3/h, 将基丸吸入到流化干燥包衣机内, 使基丸 在床体内完全流化; 但不能剧烈流化造成基丸磨损起粉, 以基丸能够覆盖喷枪雾化液滴为准;
(3) 初期载药阶段: 调试喷枪和雾化压力, 使药液能够均匀雾化成细小液滴, 将提取物 药液通过计量泵输送到喷枪, 分别设定上喷气和下喷气为 2.0-3.0Bar和 2.5-3.5Bar, 设定物料 温度 50°C左右, 待物料温度升至 45°C后开始喷液, 喷液速度设定 120g/mm;
(4) 载药过程中: 物料温度 45-55°C, 随丸径的增大, 输液量逐步增加, 输液速度最高 不超过 400g/mm, 风量根据微丸的流化状态进行调整;
(5)包衣: 载药结束后直接喷包衣液进行包衣, 包衣初期设定物料温度 50°C, 喷液速度 80g/mm, 包衣 20分钟后可将喷液速度调整至 80-150g/mm, 物料温度控制在 40-55°C, 根据 微丸的粘连情况调整输液速度, 风量和物料温度;
优选地, 所述提取物药液是由所述丹参提取物加水配制而成, 所述丹参提取物与水的重 量比为 100:60-100, 优选 100:70-90, 更优选 100:75-85。
9. 如权利要求 6-8中任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述微丸制剂为权利要求 2所述 的微丸制剂。
10. 权利要求 1所述的丹参提取物或权利要求 2所述的微丸制剂在制备用于改善微循环或 降血脂的药物方面的用途。
PCT/CN2014/080077 2013-06-17 2014-06-17 一种丹参提取物及其微丸制剂以及它们的制备方法和用途 WO2014201994A1 (zh)

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EA201690038A EA033184B1 (ru) 2013-06-17 2014-06-17 Экстракт salvia miltiorrhiza, состав на его основе в форме микропеллет, состав в форме капсул с микропеллетами, приготовленных из них, способы его получения и применения
UAA201600335A UA122198C2 (uk) 2013-06-17 2014-06-17 Екстракт danshen, склад на його основі у формі мікропелет, склад у формі капсули з мікропелетами, одержаний з нього, способи його одержання та застосування
DK14813421.6T DK3011965T3 (da) 2013-06-17 2014-06-17 Salvia miltiorrhiza-ekstrakt, mikropelletformulering deraf, fremgangsmåder til fremstilling af samme, og anvendelsen deraf
EP14813421.6A EP3011965B1 (en) 2013-06-17 2014-06-17 Salvia miltiorrhiza extract, micropellet formulation thereof, methods of preparing same, and uses thereof
ES14813421T ES2810325T3 (es) 2013-06-17 2014-06-17 Extracto de Salvia miltiorrhiza, formulación de microgránulos del mismo, formulación de microgránulos encapsulada preparada a partir del mismo, métodos de preparación y usos de la misma
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