WO2014196370A1 - Dispositif de conversion électrique pour véhicules - Google Patents

Dispositif de conversion électrique pour véhicules Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014196370A1
WO2014196370A1 PCT/JP2014/063616 JP2014063616W WO2014196370A1 WO 2014196370 A1 WO2014196370 A1 WO 2014196370A1 JP 2014063616 W JP2014063616 W JP 2014063616W WO 2014196370 A1 WO2014196370 A1 WO 2014196370A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
phase
voltage
level converter
capacitor
converter
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PCT/JP2014/063616
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
佑介 河野
中沢　洋介
鈴木　健太郎
隆太 長谷川
牧野　友由
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株式会社東芝
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Publication of WO2014196370A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014196370A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L15/007—Physical arrangements or structures of drive train converters specially adapted for the propulsion motors of electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L9/00—Electric propulsion with power supply external to the vehicle
    • B60L9/16—Electric propulsion with power supply external to the vehicle using ac induction motors
    • B60L9/24—Electric propulsion with power supply external to the vehicle using ac induction motors fed from ac supply lines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0095—Hybrid converter topologies, e.g. NPC mixed with flying capacitor, thyristor converter mixed with MMC or charge pump mixed with buck
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/14—Arrangements for reducing ripples from dc input or output
    • H02M1/15—Arrangements for reducing ripples from dc input or output using active elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/21—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/217—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
    • H02M7/4835—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels comprising two or more cells, each including a switchable capacitor, the capacitors having a nominal charge voltage which corresponds to a given fraction of the input voltage, and the capacitors being selectively connected in series to determine the instantaneous output voltage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/30—AC to DC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/40—DC to AC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/52—Drive Train control parameters related to converters
    • B60L2240/526—Operating parameters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/52—Drive Train control parameters related to converters
    • B60L2240/527—Voltage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to a vehicle power conversion device.
  • converters are often composed of diode clamp type three-level circuits.
  • the converter device is expected to be miniaturized by applying a low-loss device such as a silicon carbide element, which has been developed in recent years, to this converter.
  • the converter of the Shinkansen power converter is composed of a diode-clamped three-level circuit, but it is expected that the converter will be downsized by applying low-loss devices such as silicon carbide elements.
  • a single-phase three-level converter composed of high voltage elements outputs a high step wave voltage to suppress switching loss, and the difference voltage between the sine wave voltage and the step wave voltage is reduced to the switching loss.
  • a three-phase three-level inverter is used.
  • an asymmetric single-phase three-level converter particularly in combination with a two-level converter. It is difficult to control the (DC) capacitor voltage of the single-phase two-level converter and the capacitor voltage of the single-phase three-level converter that constitute the multi-level converter.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to provide a vehicular power conversion device capable of adjusting the voltage value of a capacitor.
  • a vehicle power converter is a power converter that converts single-phase AC power into DC power, and includes a single-phase two-level converter, a single-phase three-level converter, a voltage detection unit, a control unit, Is provided.
  • the single-phase two-level converter includes a capacitor, and in parallel with the capacitor, the first controllable switching device and the second controllable switching device having a self-extinguishing capability are connected to a power source that supplies single-phase AC power.
  • the third controllable switching device and the fourth controllable switching device are connected in series via the second connection point.
  • a diode is connected in antiparallel for each controllable switching device.
  • the single-phase three-level converter has two capacitors connected in series, and a fifth controllable switching device and a sixth controllable switching device are connected in parallel with the two capacitors connected in series.
  • the second controllable switching device and the eighth controllable switching device are connected in series via the third connection point connected to the point, and in parallel with the two capacitors connected in series.
  • Bidirectional switches are provided, and diodes are connected in antiparallel for each controllable switching device.
  • the voltage detection unit detects a voltage value of a capacitor included in the single-phase two-level converter or a voltage value of two capacitors connected in series included in the single-phase three-level converter.
  • the control unit is a single-phase three-level converter based on the voltage value of the capacitor included in the single-phase two-level converter detected by the voltage detection unit and the voltage value of two capacitors connected in series included in the single-phase three-level converter. In this output cycle, the phase representing the switching timing of the controllable switching of the single-phase three-level converter that controls the output voltage of the single-phase three-level converter in five stages is controlled.
  • FIG. 1 is a figure showing the composition of the multilevel converter of the power converter for vehicles concerning an embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the command value voltage of each converter corresponding to the output voltage instruction for the multilevel converter according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing switch control by a switching device included in each converter.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a current path of the single-phase three-level converter of the multilevel converter when the condition of Vthr1 ⁇ Vref ⁇ ⁇ Vthr1 is satisfied.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a current path of the single-phase three-level converter of the multilevel converter when the condition of Vthr2 ⁇ Vref> Vthr1 is satisfied.
  • FIG. 1 is a figure showing the composition of the multilevel converter of the power converter for vehicles concerning an embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the command value voltage of each converter corresponding to the output voltage instruction for the multilevel converter according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a current path of the single-phase three-level converter of the multilevel converter when the condition of Vref> Vthr2 is satisfied.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating modulated waves that change the output voltage of each converter and input / output energy of each capacitor in the multilevel converter according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of the control unit according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart of a process procedure for adjusting the voltage value of the capacitor in the control unit according to the embodiment.
  • Figure 10 is a diagram showing a modulated wave, and input and output energy of the capacitors to vary the output voltage of each converter in the case of delaying the phase beta [delta] beta in embodiments.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of a configuration for obtaining the phase adjustment coefficient ⁇ ⁇ by the phase control unit according to the embodiment. 12, in the embodiment, the modulated wave to vary the output voltage of each converter in the case of delaying the phase alpha only [delta] alpha, and a diagram showing the input and output energy of each capacitor.
  • Figure 13 is a diagram showing an example of a configuration for obtaining the adjustment coefficient of the phase [delta] alpha phase controller according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a modulation wave that changes the output voltage of each converter and the input / output energy of each capacitor when the phase ⁇ is delayed by ⁇ 1 and the phase ⁇ + ⁇ is advanced by ⁇ 2 in the embodiment. is there.
  • FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating an example of a configuration for obtaining the phase adjustment coefficient ⁇ ⁇ 1 and the adjustment coefficient ⁇ ⁇ 2 by the phase control unit according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating an example of a configuration for obtaining the phase adjustment coefficient ⁇ ⁇ 1 and the adjustment coefficient ⁇ ⁇ 2 by the phase control unit according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 17 is a graph showing the change in the output voltage of each converter when the phase ⁇ is delayed by ⁇ 1 and the phase ⁇ + ⁇ is advanced by ⁇ 2 in order to adjust the voltage value of the capacitor of the single-phase three-level converter in the embodiment. It is the figure which showed the modulation wave to make and the input-output energy of each capacitor
  • FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating an example of a configuration for obtaining the phase adjustment coefficient ⁇ ⁇ 1 and the adjustment coefficient ⁇ ⁇ 2 by the phase control unit according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating an example of a configuration in which the phase adjustment coefficient ⁇ ⁇ 1 and the adjustment coefficient ⁇ ⁇ 2 are obtained by the phase control unit according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 20 is a diagram showing input / output energy of each capacitor when the modulation wave is switched in order to adjust the voltage value of the capacitor of the single-phase three-level converter in the modification.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a multilevel converter 1 of a vehicle power converter 11 according to an embodiment.
  • the multilevel converter 1 according to this embodiment includes a single-phase three-level converter 50 and a single-phase two-level converter 40 connected in series.
  • the multilevel converter 1 is connected to an AC power source 100 such as a power system through a passive element 2 having a reactor component, converts single-phase AC power into DC power, and then supplies power to the main motor 3. To do.
  • this embodiment does not restrict
  • the control unit 150 controls the single-phase three-level converter 50 and the single-phase two-level converter 40.
  • the control part 150 is provided in the inside of the power converter device 11, you may be contained in the inside of the multilevel converter 1.
  • the single-phase two-level converter 40 is a single-phase converter, and includes switching devices 4a to 4d having a self-extinguishing capability, a (DC) capacitor 14, and (reflux) diodes 6a to 6d.
  • the single-phase two-level converter 40 according to the present embodiment is composed of SiC (silicon carbide device).
  • the single-phase two-level converter 40 can reduce switching loss by using SiC (silicon carbide device).
  • the single-phase two-level converter 40 has a switching device 4a and a switching device 4b connected in series from the capacitor 14 to the AC power supply 100 side.
  • the switching device 4 a is provided on the positive potential side of the capacitor 14, and the switching device 4 b is provided on the negative potential side of the capacitor 14.
  • the switching device 4a and the switching device 4b are connected to an AC power source 100 such as a power system through a passive element 2 from a first connection point 41 (AC input / output point) between the switching device 4a and the switching device 4b.
  • the diode 6a is connected in antiparallel with the switching device 4a, and the diode 6b is connected in antiparallel with the switching device 4b.
  • the single-phase two-level converter 40 has a switching device 4c and a switching device 4d connected in series from the capacitor 14 to the main motor 3 side.
  • the switching device 4 c is provided on the positive potential side of the capacitor 14, and the switching device 4 d is provided on the negative potential side of the capacitor 14. And it is connected with the single phase 3 level converter 50 from the 2nd connection point 42 (AC input / output point) between the switching device 4c and the switching device 4d.
  • the diode 6c is connected in antiparallel with the switching device 4c, and the diode 6d is connected in antiparallel with the switching device 4d.
  • Single-phase three-level converter 50 connected between the single-phase two-level converter 40 and the main motor 3 will be described.
  • Single-phase three-level converter 50 includes two legs, bidirectional switching device 7, and capacitor unit 15. Note that all the switching devices 5a to 5f included in the single-phase three-level converter 50 have a self-extinguishing capability.
  • One of the two legs included in the single-phase three-level converter 50 includes a switching device 5a, a switching device 5b, a diode 8a, and a diode 8b.
  • the switching devices 5a and 5b are connected in series.
  • the switching device 5a is connected between the positive potential of the capacitor unit 15 and one AC input / output point 42a (a connection point connected to the second connection point 42).
  • the switching device 5b is connected between the negative potential of the capacitor unit 15 and one AC input / output point 42a.
  • the diode 8a is connected in antiparallel to the switching device 5a, and the diode 8b is connected in antiparallel to the switching device 5b.
  • the other of the two legs included in the single-phase three-level converter 50 includes a switching device 5c, a switching device 5d, a diode 8c, and a diode 8d.
  • the switching devices 5c and 5d are connected in series.
  • the switching device 5c is connected between the positive potential of the capacitor unit 15 and the other AC input / output point 42b (the connection point on the bidirectional switching device 7 and the neutral point 9 side).
  • the switching device 5d is connected between the negative potential of the capacitor unit 15 and the other AC input / output point 42b.
  • the diode 8c is connected in antiparallel to the switching device 5c, and the diode 8d is connected in antiparallel to the switching device 5d.
  • the bidirectional switching device 7 is connected to the main motor 3 side of the other AC output point 42b of the two legs.
  • the bidirectional switching device 7 includes switching devices 5e and 5f and diodes 8e and 8f connected in series with opposite polarities.
  • the diode 8e is connected in antiparallel to the switching device 5e, and the diode 8f is connected in antiparallel to the switching device 5f.
  • the main motor 3 side of the bidirectional switching device 7 is connected to the capacitor unit 15.
  • the capacitor unit 15 includes a capacitor 15a and a capacitor 15b. Capacitor 15a and capacitor 15b are connected in series. The capacitor 15a connects the positive potential conducting wire 10a of the main motor 3 to the positive side and the neutral point 9 to the negative side. Capacitor 15b connects neutral point 9 to the positive side and negative potential conductor 10b of main motor 3 to the negative side. Between the capacitors 15 a and 15 b connected in series in the capacitor unit 15, a neutral point 9 is connected.
  • the single-phase two-level converter 40 is configured by a silicon carbide device (SiC) or the like with low switching loss
  • the single-phase three-level converter 50 is configured by a high-voltage silicon device or the like. The Thereby, the single-phase two-level converter 40 can reduce the switching loss as compared with the single-phase three-level converter 50.
  • the single-phase three-level converter 50 has higher voltage resistance than the single-phase two-level converter 40.
  • the single-phase two-level converter 40 in addition to the single-phase three-level converter 50 including the main (filter) capacitors 15 a and 15 b, the single-phase two-level converter 40 also includes the capacitor 14.
  • the output voltage to the motor 3 is controlled by the electric power supplied from the capacitors 15 a and 15 b of the single-phase three-level converter 50 and the capacitor 14 of the single-phase two-level converter 40.
  • the balance between charging and discharging of the capacitors 15a, 15b, and 14 is balanced, and the capacitors 15a, 15b, and 14 are held. It is desirable that the voltage values that fall within the respective ranges are determined. However, during repeated use, the voltage values held by the capacitors 15a, 15b, and 14 may be out of the ranges determined for each. Therefore, in the present embodiment, control performed in that case will be described.
  • the first voltage detector 51 detects the voltage value of the capacitor 14 of the single-phase two-level converter 40.
  • the second voltage detector 52a detects the voltage value of the capacitor 15a of the single-phase three-level converter 50.
  • the third voltage detector 52b detects the voltage value of the capacitor 15b of the single-phase three-level converter 50.
  • control unit 150 detects the voltage value of the capacitor 14 detected by the first voltage detection unit 51, the voltage value of the capacitor 15a detected by the second voltage detection unit 52a, and the third voltage detection unit 52b.
  • the single-phase three-level converter 50 is controlled based on the voltage value of the capacitor 15b.
  • the output voltage of the single-phase three-level converter 50 can be adjusted in five stages.
  • the switching phase of the switching devices 5a to 5f included in the single-phase three-level converter 50 (controllable) is controlled.
  • the command value voltage of the multilevel converter 1 including the five-stage output voltage of the single-phase three-level converter 50 will be described.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the command value voltage of each converter corresponding to the output voltage instruction for the multilevel converter 1 according to the embodiment. 2, the output voltage command value Vref 201 of the multilevel converter 1, the command value voltage 202 of the single-phase three-level converter 50, the command value voltage 203 of the single-phase two-level converter 40, and the single-phase two-level converter 40 An output voltage 204 is shown.
  • the power conversion device 11 combines the command value voltage 202 of the single-phase three-level converter 50 and the command value voltage 203 of the single-phase two-level converter 40, thereby outputting the output voltage command of the multi-level converter 1.
  • the value Vref201 is realized.
  • the power converter 11 changes the output voltage command value Vref201 in detail after the switching frequency of the single-phase two-level converter 40 with low switching loss is set higher than that of the single-phase three-level converter 50.
  • the single-phase two-level converter 40 is controlled so as to follow. Thus, detailed voltage control and reduction of switching loss are realized.
  • the single-phase three-level converter 50 with high voltage resistance is controlled to realize a staircase waveform.
  • a threshold for outputting the DC voltage of the capacitors 15a and 15b of the single-phase three-level converter 50 is provided for the output voltage command value Vref201 of the multilevel converter 1.
  • the voltage threshold for outputting a DC voltage by any one of the capacitors 15a and 15b of the single-phase three-level converter 50 is set to ⁇ Vthr1.
  • the voltage threshold for outputting the DC voltage of both capacitors 15a and 15b of single-phase three-level converter 50 is set to ⁇ Vthr2.
  • the control unit 150 controls the switching devices 5a to 5f included in the single-phase three-level converter 50 based on whether or not the output voltage command value Vref exceeds the voltage threshold value ⁇ Vthr1 and the voltage threshold value ⁇ Vthr2. To do.
  • the output voltage value of the single-phase three-level converter 50 is negative (by the capacitors 15a and 15b), negative (by either one of the capacitors 15a and 15b).
  • the output voltage value is controlled in five stages: half voltage, zero, positive half voltage (by one of the capacitors 15a and 15b), and positive total voltage (by the capacitors 15a and 15b).
  • the control unit 150 controls the phase corresponding to the times t1 to t8, which is the timing for switching the output voltage value in five stages.
  • control unit 150 performs control so that the output voltage 204 of the single-phase two-level converter 40 is obtained. Next, specific control of the switching device will be described.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the switch control by the switching device included in each converter.
  • the switch control of the switching devices 5a to 5f on the single-phase three-level converter 50 side and the switch control of the switching devices 4a to 4d on the single-phase two-level converter 40 side are shown.
  • the control unit 150 When the condition Vthr1 ⁇ Vref ⁇ ⁇ Vthr1 is satisfied (time 0 to t1, t4 to t5, and after t8), the control unit 150 combines the switching device 5a and the switching device 5c included in the single-phase three-level converter 50. , And a combination of the switching device 5b and the switching device 5d, the combination is turned on. As a result, the voltages of the capacitors 15a and 15b are not superimposed on the output voltage of the single-phase three-level converter 50, and the control unit 150 performs pulse width modulation control on the single-phase two-level converter 40 to output voltage command value Vref for the entire converter. Is output.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a current path of the single-phase three-level converter 50 of the multilevel converter 1 when the condition of Vthr1 ⁇ Vref ⁇ ⁇ Vthr1 is satisfied.
  • the combination of the switching device 5a and the switching device 5c is turned on, and the other switching devices 5b, 5d to 5f are controlled in the off state.
  • the voltages of the capacitors 15a and 15b are not superimposed.
  • FIG. 4 shows an example in which only the combination of the switching device 5a and the switching device 5c is turned on, but only the combination of the switching device 5b and the switching device 5d may be turned on.
  • the control unit 150 turns on the switching devices 5a, 5e, and 5f included in the single-phase three-level converter 50. To control. As a result, the voltage of the capacitor 15a is added to the converter output voltage, so that the single-phase two-level converter 40 obtains the differential voltage obtained by subtracting the voltage of the capacitor 15a from the output voltage command value Vref of the entire converter by the control unit 150. Output according to pulse width modulation control.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a current path of the single-phase three-level converter 50 of the multilevel converter 1 when the condition of Vthr2 ⁇ Vref> Vthr1 is satisfied.
  • Vthr2 ⁇ Vref> Vthr1
  • only the combination of the switching devices 5a, 5e, and 5f is controlled in the on state, and the other switching devices are controlled in the off state.
  • the current flows through the path indicated by the thick line 501, only the voltage of the capacitor 15a is superimposed.
  • the control unit 150 turns on the switching devices 5a and 5d included in the single-phase three-level converter 50.
  • the voltage of the capacitors 15a and 15b is added to the converter output voltage, so that the single-phase two-level converter 40 controls the differential voltage obtained by subtracting the voltages of the capacitors 15a and 15b from the output voltage command value Vref of the entire converter. Output by pulse width modulation control by the unit 150.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a current path of the single-phase three-level converter 50 of the multi-level converter 1 when the condition of Vref> Vthr2 is satisfied.
  • Vref> Vthr2 the condition of Vref> Vthr2 is satisfied.
  • the combination of the switching device 5a and the switching device 5d is controlled in the on state.
  • the voltages of the capacitors 15a and 15b are superimposed.
  • the control unit 150 switches the switching devices 5b, 5e, and 5f included in the single-phase three-level converter 50. Is turned on.
  • the single-phase two-level converter 40 uses the difference voltage obtained by adding the voltage of the capacitor 15a to the output voltage command value Vref of the entire converter as the pulse width by the control unit 150. Output by modulation control.
  • the control unit 150 turns on the switching devices 5b and 5c included in the single-phase three-level converter 50. As a result, the voltages of the capacitors 15a and 15b are subtracted from the converter output voltage. Therefore, the single-phase two-level converter 40 uses the differential voltage obtained by adding the capacitors 15a and 15b to the output voltage command value Vref of the entire converter, as the control unit 150. Output by pulse width modulation control.
  • control unit 150 controls the switching devices 5a to 5f included in the single-phase three-level converter 50 in predetermined voltage units (threshold value ⁇ Vthr2, threshold value ⁇ Vthr1).
  • the control unit 150 controls the switching devices 4a to 4d included in the single-phase two-level converter 40 in response to a change in the output voltage that is smaller than the predetermined voltage.
  • the power conversion device 11 sets the switching frequency of the switching devices 5a and 5b of the single-phase three-level converter 50 once in one cycle of the converter output voltage, and the switching device 5c. 5d can be reduced to 2 times, and switching devices 5e and 5f can be reduced to 4 times.
  • the number of switching is not limited to four, and the number of switching varies depending on the number of thresholds. By reducing the threshold value, the number of times of switching can be reduced. For example, the number of times of switching may be 1 to 3 times.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a modulated wave that changes the output voltage of each converter and the input / output energy of each capacitor in the multilevel converter 1 according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 shows an output voltage command value Vref 701 of the multilevel converter 1, a modulation wave 702 that changes the output voltage of the single-phase three-level converter 50, and a modulation wave 703 that changes the output voltage of the single-phase two-level converter 40.
  • the input / output energy 704 of the capacitor 15a, the input / output energy 705 of the capacitor 15b, and the input / output energy 706 of the capacitor 14 are shown.
  • the output voltage command value Vref of the multilevel converter 1 can be realized by combining the modulation wave 703 that changes the output voltage of the phase 2 level converter 40.
  • the phase ⁇ is raised to the half voltage of the (filter) capacitor (that is, one of the capacitors 15a and 15b is used), and the (filter) capacitor
  • the phase ⁇ is increased to the total voltage (that is, using both capacitors 15a and 15b).
  • the phase ⁇ - ⁇ is lowered from the total voltage of the (filter) capacitor (that is, using both the capacitors 15a and 15b) to the half voltage, and the half voltage of the (filter) capacitor (that is, one of the capacitors 15a and 15b is used).
  • the phase is ⁇ .
  • the charge / discharge energy of the (DC) capacitor 14 of the single-phase two-level converter 40 needs to be “0” in the half cycle of the fundamental voltage of the output voltage of the converter. Therefore, assuming that the capacitor voltage of the single-phase three-level converter 50 (the voltage across the two capacitors 15a and 15b connected in series) is Vdc and the AC output voltage peak value of the multi-level converter voltage is VP, the phase ⁇ and the phase The constraint condition of ⁇ needs to satisfy the following formula (1).
  • each capacitor 14 has an input / output energy change of one cycle as shown in FIG. Next, the input / output energy change will be specifically described.
  • the output voltage is “0” in the single-phase three-level converter 50, but the input / output energy of the capacitors 15 a and 15 b decreases as the main motor 3 is used.
  • the output voltage is positive in the single-phase two-level converter 40 and exceeds the usage amount of the main motor 3, the input / output energy of the capacitor 14 gradually increases although it is very small.
  • the current is positive.
  • the output voltage is half voltage in the single-phase three-level converter 50, and power (positive power because the output voltage is positive and the current is positive) is supplied only to the capacitor 15a.
  • the input / output energy of the capacitor 15a increases, and the input / output energy of the capacitor 15b decreases.
  • the output voltage is switched from negative to positive in the middle, so that the input / output energy of the capacitor 14 gradually decreases until the middle, and gradually increases from the middle.
  • the output voltage is full voltage in the single-phase three-level converter 50, and power is supplied to the capacitors 15a and 15b, so that the input / output energy of the capacitors 15a and 15b increases.
  • the output voltage is always negative in the single-phase two-level converter 40, the input / output energy of the capacitor 14 decreases.
  • the output voltage becomes half voltage in the single-phase three-level converter 50, and power is supplied only to the capacitor 15a. Therefore, the input / output energy of the capacitor 15a increases, and the input of the capacitor 15b increases. Output energy decreases.
  • the single-phase two-level converter 40 the output voltage is switched from positive to negative in the middle. Therefore, until the middle, the input / output energy of the capacitor 14 increases to the middle and then gradually decreases from the middle.
  • the output voltage is ‘0’ in the single-phase three-level converter 50, but the input / output energy of the capacitors 15 a and 15 b decreases as the main motor 3 is used.
  • the single-phase two-level converter 40 the output voltage switches from positive to negative in the middle ( ⁇ ), but the current also switches from positive to negative in the middle. For this reason, the input / output energy of the capacitor 14 gradually increases.
  • the output voltage is a negative half voltage in the single-phase three-level converter 50, and power is supplied only to the capacitor 15b (positive power because the output voltage is negative and the current is negative). Therefore, the input / output energy of the capacitor 15b increases and the input / output energy of the capacitor 15a decreases.
  • the single-phase two-level converter 40 since the output voltage is switched from positive to negative and the current is always negative in the middle, the input / output energy of the capacitor 14 gradually decreases until the middle, and gradually from the middle. Will increase.
  • the output voltage is full voltage in the single-phase three-level converter 50, and power is supplied to the capacitors 15a and 15b. Therefore, the input / output energy of the capacitors 15a and 15b increases.
  • the single-phase two-level converter 40 since the output voltage is always positive and the current is always negative, the input / output energy of the capacitor 14 decreases.
  • the output voltage is half voltage in the single-phase three-level converter 50, and power is supplied only to the capacitor 15b. Therefore, the input / output energy of the capacitor 15b is increased, and the input of the capacitor 15a is increased. Output energy decreases.
  • the output voltage of the single-phase two-level converter 40 switches from negative to positive in the middle of the current in a negative state, the input / output energy of the capacitor 14 increases to the middle until the middle, and then gradually from the middle. To decrease.
  • the input / output energy of the capacitors 15a, 15b, and 14 becomes '0' at the phase 2 ⁇ .
  • the input energy and the output energy for one cycle of the output voltage of each capacitor 15a, 15b, 14 are balanced.
  • the balance between the input energy and the output energy means that the voltage value held by the capacitors 15a, 15b, 14 before one cycle and the voltage value held by the capacitors 15a, 15b, 14 after one cycle are: , Means match.
  • the (filter) capacitor 15a of the single-phase three-level converter 50 is connected to the AC side with the phase ⁇ to ⁇ - ⁇ and the phase ⁇ + ⁇ to 2 ⁇ - ⁇ to be charged.
  • the (filter) capacitor 15b is charged by being connected to the AC side with a phase ⁇ to ⁇ - ⁇ and a phase ⁇ + ⁇ to 2 ⁇ - ⁇ .
  • the voltage values of the capacitors 14, 15a, and 15b can be adjusted by adjusting the phase to be switched to full voltage or half voltage so that input energy> output energy or input energy ⁇ output energy.
  • a configuration for adjusting the voltage value charged in the capacitors 14, 15a, 15b will be described.
  • FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a configuration provided in the control unit 150.
  • the control unit 150 includes a power control unit 801, a current detection unit 802, a current control unit 803, a multilevel output power command unit 804, a phase control unit 805, and a waveform control unit 806. And a differential voltage control unit 807.
  • the power control unit 801 performs power control for operating the main motor 3.
  • the current detector 802 detects the current value flowing in the single-phase two-level converter 40 and the single-phase three-level converter 50. For this purpose, a configuration (not shown) for detecting a current value is provided on the circuit shown in FIG.
  • the current control unit 803 controls the current value based on the detection result of the current detection unit 802 so that the power controlled by the power control unit 801 is output.
  • the multi-level output power command unit 804 outputs the command value voltage of each capacitor 14, 15a, 15b so that the multi-level converter 1 can output a voltage as controlled.
  • the phase controller 805 adjusts the voltage value of the capacitor 14 included in the single-phase two-level converter 40 and the voltage values of two capacitors 15a and 15b connected in series included in the single-phase three-level converter 50. Control (adjust) the phase of the single-phase three-level converter 50 for switching to the full voltage and the half voltage based on the command value voltage output by the output power command unit 804 and the voltage value detected by the voltage detection units 51, 52a, and 52b. To do.
  • the phase control unit 805 adjusts the voltage value of the capacitor 14 included in the single-phase two-level converter 40 and the voltage values of two capacitors 15a and 15b connected in series included in the single-phase three-level converter 50. At this time, among the phases that can be adjusted in five stages, the phase ( ⁇ ) that increases to the full voltage and the phase ( ⁇ ) that increases to the half voltage are allotted to the adjustment of the voltage values of different capacitors. Details of the phase control will be described later.
  • the waveform control unit 806 controls on / off of the switching devices 5a to 5f of the single-phase three-level converter 50 (controllable) based on the phase adjusted by the phase control unit 805 and the command value voltage.
  • the single-phase three-level converter 50 can create a staircase waveform that serves as a basis for the converter output voltage of the multilevel converter 1.
  • the differential voltage control unit 807 controls on / off of the controllable switching 4a to 4d included in the single-phase two-level converter 40. At that time, the differential voltage control unit 807 performs (controllable) switching so that the single-phase two-level converter 40 can compensate for the differential voltage between the step waveform of the single-phase three-level converter 50 and the output voltage of the multi-level converter 1. High-speed switching control is performed on the devices 4a to 4d.
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing the above-described processing procedure in the control unit 150 according to the present embodiment.
  • the voltage detection unit determines the voltage value of the capacitor 14 of the single-phase two-level converter 40 and the single-phase three.
  • the voltage values of the capacitors 15a and 15b of the level converter 50 are detected (step S901).
  • the detected voltage value is input to the phase control unit 805.
  • the phase control unit 805 determines whether or not the voltage value of the capacitor 14 included in the single-phase two-level converter 40 is different from a voltage value appropriate for use by a predetermined set value (for example, 10%) or more. Is determined (step S902).
  • step S902 When a difference of a predetermined set value (for example, 10%) or more is generated from an appropriate voltage value for use (step S902: Yes), the phase control unit 805 adjusts the phase ⁇ to adjust the single-phase three-level converter 50.
  • the voltage values of the capacitors 15a and 15b are controlled, and the voltage value of the capacitor 14 of the single-phase two-level converter 40 is controlled by adjusting the phase ⁇ (step S905).
  • 90% and 110% of voltage values suitable for use are set as reference values, and voltage value control is performed when the reference value is less than 90% or exceeds the reference value of 110%.
  • step S905 both the phase ⁇ and the phase ⁇ are adjusted.
  • Figure 10 is a diagram showing a modulated wave, and input and output energy of each capacitor in the present exemplary embodiment changes the output voltage of each converter in the case where the phase beta delayed by [delta] beta.
  • the output voltage command value Vref 1001 of the multilevel converter 1 the modulated wave 1002 that changes the output voltage of the single-phase three-level converter 50, and the modulated wave that changes the output voltage of the single-phase two-level converter 40.
  • input / output energy 1004 of the capacitor 15a input / output energy 1005 of the capacitor 15b, and input / output energy 1006 of the capacitor 14 are shown.
  • the control part 150 can raise the voltage value of the capacitor
  • the voltage values of the capacitors 15a and 15b of the single-phase three-level converter 50 slightly change due to the change of the periods 1011 and 1012, the change can be adjusted by controlling the phase ⁇ and the like. That is, in this embodiment, being adjustable with both phase ⁇ and phase ⁇ means that it can be adjusted with two degrees of freedom. Therefore, it is more appropriate than when only one phase is adjustable. Adjustment is possible.
  • the reason why the phase ⁇ is used to adjust the voltage value of the (DC) capacitor 14 of the single-phase two-level converter 40 is as shown in the transition of input / output energy of the capacitor 14 in FIG. This is because the input / output energy can be adjusted more greatly by using ⁇ . That is, in this embodiment, when the voltage value of the capacitor 14 is more than 10 percent, it is assumed that the voltage value of the capacitor 14 needs to be adjusted immediately, and control is performed using the phase ⁇ . . Next, a configuration for obtaining the phase adjustment coefficient ⁇ ⁇ will be described.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of a configuration for obtaining the phase adjustment coefficient ⁇ ⁇ in the phase control unit 805. As shown in FIG. 11, a calculation unit 1101, a multiplier 1102, and a PI control unit 1103 are provided.
  • the calculation unit 1101 subtracts the voltage value detected by the first voltage detection unit 51 from the command value voltage of the capacitor 14.
  • the multiplier 1102 multiplies the difference obtained by the calculation unit 1101 by the power polarity.
  • the power polarity is positive “+1” when power is supplied from the power source 100 to the main motor 3, and is negative “ ⁇ 1” when regenerative energy is obtained from the main motor 3.
  • the PI control unit 1103 calculates the phase adjustment coefficient ⁇ ⁇ by performing PI control on the calculation result of the multiplier 1102. Then, the calculated phase adjustment coefficient ⁇ ⁇ is output to the waveform control unit 806. Thus, start-up control of all the voltage is performed in consideration of the adjustment factors of the phase [delta] beta. An appropriate value is set for the gain and the like used for PI control based on the characteristics of the capacitor 14 and the like.
  • the voltage value control of the capacitor 14 of the single-phase two-level converter 40 can be realized by adjusting the phase ⁇ in step S905.
  • the voltage value control of the capacitors 15a and 15b of the single-phase three-level converter 50 is performed by adjusting the phase ⁇ in step S905 will be described.
  • FIG. 12 shows each converter in this embodiment when the phase ⁇ is delayed by ⁇ 1 and the phase ⁇ + ⁇ is advanced by ⁇ 2 in order to adjust the voltage value of the capacitors 15a and 15b of the single-phase three-level converter 50. It is the figure which showed the modulation wave which changes the output voltage, and the input-output energy of each capacitor
  • the output voltage command value Vref 1701 of the multilevel converter 1 the modulated wave 1702 that changes the output voltage of the single-phase three-level converter 50, and the modulated wave that changes the output voltage of the single-phase two-level converter 40. 1703, input / output energy 1704 of the capacitor 15a, input / output energy 1705 of the capacitor 15b, and input / output energy 1706 of the capacitor 14 are shown.
  • the energy balance in one cycle in the capacitor 15a is positive by ⁇ E4, and the energy balance in one cycle in the capacitor 15b is negative by ⁇ E4. Therefore, the voltage value of the capacitor 15a increases and the voltage value of the capacitor 15b decreases. Thereby, even when the phase ⁇ is adjusted, the voltage values of the capacitors 15a and 15b of the single-phase three-level converter 50 can be adjusted.
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of a configuration for obtaining the phase adjustment coefficient ⁇ ⁇ 1 and the adjustment coefficient ⁇ ⁇ 2 in the phase control unit 805. As shown in FIG. 13, an arithmetic unit 1801, a multiplier 1802, a PI control unit 1803, and a PI control unit 1804 are provided.
  • the calculation unit 1801 subtracts the voltage detected by the second voltage detection unit 52a from the voltage value detected by the third voltage detection unit 52b. Thereby, the differential voltage between the capacitor 15a and the capacitor 15b is obtained.
  • the multiplier 1802 multiplies the difference voltage obtained by the calculation unit 1801 by the power polarity.
  • the PI control unit 1803 calculates the phase adjustment coefficient ⁇ ⁇ 1 by performing PI control on the calculation result of the multiplier 1802.
  • the PI control unit 1804 calculates the phase adjustment coefficient ⁇ 2 by performing PI control on the calculation result of the multiplier 1802. Then, the calculated phase adjustment coefficient ⁇ ⁇ 1 and adjustment coefficient ⁇ ⁇ 2 are output to the waveform control unit 806.
  • the calculation method of the phase adjustment coefficient ⁇ 1 and the adjustment coefficient ⁇ 2 is not limited to the configuration shown in FIG. In the example shown in FIG. 13, it is good to adjust the balance between the voltage value of the capacitor 15a and the voltage value of the capacitor 15b, but the average value of the voltage value of the capacitor 15a and the voltage value of the capacitor 15b is used. In the case where the predetermined voltage value is not appropriate, it is preferable that the phase adjustment coefficient ⁇ ⁇ 1 and the adjustment coefficient ⁇ ⁇ 2 are calculated with different configurations. Therefore, an example in which the phase adjustment coefficient ⁇ 1 and the adjustment coefficient ⁇ 2 are adjusted with different configurations will be described.
  • FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an example of a configuration for obtaining the phase adjustment coefficient ⁇ ⁇ 1 and the adjustment coefficient ⁇ ⁇ 2 in the phase control unit 805.
  • a calculation unit 1901, a multiplier 1902, a PI control unit 1903, a calculation unit 1911, a sign inverter 1912, a multiplier 1913, and a PI control unit 1914 are provided. .
  • the calculation unit 1901 calculates a differential voltage value by subtracting the voltage value detected by the second voltage detection unit 52a from the command value voltage of the capacitor 15a. Then, the multiplier 1902 multiplies the difference voltage obtained by the calculation unit 1601 by the power polarity.
  • the PI control unit 1903 calculates the phase adjustment coefficient ⁇ 1 by performing PI control on the calculation result of the multiplier 1902.
  • the calculation unit 1911 calculates a differential voltage value by subtracting the voltage value detected by the third voltage detection unit 52b from the command value voltage of the capacitor 15b. Then, the sign inverting unit 1912 inverts the sign of the calculated differential voltage value. Then, the multiplier 1913 multiplies the differential voltage value after the sign is inverted by the sign inverting unit 1912 by the power polarity.
  • the PI control unit 1914 calculates the phase adjustment coefficient ⁇ ⁇ 2 by performing PI control on the calculation result of the multiplier 1913.
  • the calculated phase adjustment coefficient ⁇ ⁇ 1 and adjustment coefficient ⁇ ⁇ 2 are output to the waveform control unit 806.
  • the adjustment coefficient ⁇ 1 and the adjustment coefficient ⁇ 2 can be adjusted with different configurations.
  • step S902 when the phase control unit 805 determines in step S902 that there is no difference between the voltage value appropriate for use or a predetermined set value (for example, 10 percent) for the capacitor 14 (step S902).
  • step S902 No
  • the phase control unit 805 determines that the difference between the voltage values of the capacitors 15a and 15b and the predetermined voltage value is not smaller than the predetermined threshold (step S903: No)
  • the phase control unit 805 The voltage value control of the capacitors 15a and 15b of the single-phase three-level converter 50 is performed by adjustment, and the voltage value control of the capacitor 14 of the single-phase two-level converter 40 is performed by adjusting the phase ⁇ (step S904). That is, in the present embodiment, as a normal control, the phase ⁇ is used for the voltage value control of the capacitors 15a and 15b having a large capacitance, and the phase ⁇ is used for the voltage value control of the capacitor 14 having a small capacitance.
  • the voltage value control will be described below. For ease of explanation, the voltage value adjustment using the phase ⁇ and the voltage value adjustment using the phase ⁇ will be described separately. First, an example in which the voltage value control of the capacitor of the single-phase two-level converter 40 is performed using the phase ⁇ will be
  • Figure 15 illustrates the present embodiment, in order to adjust the voltage value of the capacitor 14, the modulated wave to vary the output voltage of each converter in the case of delaying the phase alpha only [delta] alpha, and the output energy of each capacitor It is a figure.
  • the output voltage command value Vref 1201 of the multilevel converter 1 the modulated wave 1202 that changes the output voltage of the single-phase three-level converter 50, and the modulated wave that changes the output voltage of the single-phase two-level converter 40. 1203, input / output energy 1204 of the capacitor 15a, input / output energy 1205 of the capacitor 15b, and input / output energy 1206 of the capacitor 14 are shown.
  • the capacitor 15a of the single-phase three-level converter 50 for delaying the phase alpha for outputting a total voltage 15b by [delta] alpha, period 1211,1212,1213,1214 being output at half voltage Shortened.
  • the phase 0 ⁇ alpha since input and output energy of the capacitor 14 gradually increases, by delaying the phase alpha [delta] alpha, input energy of the capacitor 14 is increased. Similarly, the input energy increases to the capacitor 14 between the phases ⁇ ( ⁇ + ⁇ ⁇ ) to ⁇ + ( ⁇ + ⁇ ⁇ ).
  • FIG. 16 is a diagram showing an example of a configuration for obtaining the phase adjustment coefficient ⁇ ⁇ in the phase control unit 805. As shown in FIG. 16, an arithmetic unit 1301, a multiplier 1302, and a PI control unit 1303 are provided.
  • the calculation unit 1301 calculates a difference by subtracting the voltage detected by the first voltage detection unit 51 from the command value voltage of the capacitor 14, and the multiplier 1302 calculates the difference obtained by the calculation unit 1301. Multiply the power polarity.
  • PI control unit 1303 by executing the PI control on the operation result of the multiplier 1302, calculates the adjustment coefficients of the phase [delta] alpha. Then, the calculated phase adjustment coefficient ⁇ ⁇ is output to the waveform control unit 806.
  • the voltage value of the capacitor 14 is controlled by adjusting the phase ⁇ , while the voltage value of the capacitors 15a and 15b is adjusted by adjusting the phase ⁇ .
  • FIG. 17 shows each converter in the present embodiment when the phase ⁇ is delayed by ⁇ 1 and the phase ⁇ + ⁇ is advanced by ⁇ 2 in order to adjust the voltage values of the capacitors 15a and 15b of the single-phase three-level converter 50. It is the figure which showed the modulation wave which changes the output voltage of, and the input-output energy of each capacitor
  • the output voltage command value Vref 1401 of the multilevel converter 1 the modulation wave 1402 that changes the output voltage of the single-phase three-level converter 50, and the modulation wave that changes the output voltage of the single-phase two-level converter 40.
  • the modulation wave 1403 input / output energy 1404 of the capacitor 15a, input / output energy 1405 of the capacitor 15b, and input / output energy 1406 of the capacitor 14 are shown.
  • the output is performed with all voltages.
  • the period 1451 is shortened.
  • the phase ⁇ + ⁇ which outputs all the voltages of the capacitors 15a, 15b of the single-phase three-level converter 50, is advanced by ⁇ 2, thereby extending the period 1452 during which all voltages are output.
  • the single charging period of the capacitor 15a is extended and the single charging period of the (filter) capacitor 15b is shortened, so that the energy balance in one cycle in the capacitor 15a is positive by ⁇ E3, and in the capacitor 15b in one cycle.
  • the energy balance is negative by ⁇ E3. Therefore, the voltage value of the capacitor 15a increases and the voltage value of the capacitor 15b decreases.
  • FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating an example of a configuration for obtaining the phase adjustment coefficient ⁇ ⁇ 1 and the adjustment coefficient ⁇ ⁇ 2 in the phase control unit 805.
  • an arithmetic unit 1501, a multiplier 1502, a PI control unit 1503, and a PI control unit 1504 are provided.
  • the average value of the voltage value of the capacitor 15a and the voltage value of the capacitor 15b is a predetermined voltage value suitable for use.
  • the capacitor 15a and 15b when 1500V is the most desirable voltage value, it is conceivable that the capacitor 15a is 1400V and the capacitor 15b is 1600V.
  • the configuration example shown in FIG. 18 has a configuration for balancing the voltage values between the capacitors 15a and 15b, as in FIG. The processing to be executed is the same as that in FIG.
  • the calculation method of the phase adjustment coefficient ⁇ ⁇ 1 and the adjustment coefficient ⁇ ⁇ 2 is not limited to the configuration shown in FIG. In the example shown in FIG. 18, it is good to adjust the balance between the voltage value of the capacitor 15a and the voltage value of the capacitor 15b, but the average value of the voltage value of the capacitor 15a and the voltage value of the capacitor 15b is used.
  • the predetermined voltage value is not suitable, it is preferable to calculate the phase adjustment coefficient ⁇ ⁇ 1 and the adjustment coefficient ⁇ ⁇ 2 with different configurations. In this case, for example, adjustment is made with the configuration of FIG.
  • FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating an example of a configuration for obtaining the phase adjustment coefficient ⁇ ⁇ 1 and the adjustment coefficient ⁇ ⁇ 2 in the phase control unit 805.
  • a calculation unit 1601, a multiplier 1602, a PI control unit 1603, a calculation unit 1611, a sign inverter 1612, a multiplier 1613, and a PI control unit 1614 are provided. .
  • the calculation unit 1601 calculates a differential voltage value by subtracting the voltage value detected by the second voltage detection unit 52a from the command value voltage of the capacitor 15a. Then, the multiplier 1602 multiplies the difference voltage obtained by the calculation unit 1601 by the power polarity.
  • the PI control unit 1603 calculates the phase adjustment coefficient ⁇ 1 by performing PI control on the calculation result of the multiplier 1602.
  • the calculation unit 1611 subtracts the voltage value detected by the third voltage detection unit 52b from the command value voltage of the capacitor 15b to calculate a differential voltage value. Then, the sign inversion unit 1612 inverts the sign of the calculated differential voltage value. Then, the multiplier 1613 multiplies the differential voltage value after the sign is inverted by the sign inverting unit 1612 by the power polarity. Then, the PI control unit 1614 calculates the phase adjustment coefficient ⁇ 2 by performing PI control on the calculation result of the multiplier 1613.
  • step S903 the phase control unit 805 determines that the difference between the voltage values of the capacitors 15a and 15b and the voltage value suitable for use is smaller than a predetermined threshold (step S903: Yes), the phase control unit 805 controls the voltage values of the capacitors 15a and 15b of the single-phase three-level converter 50 by adjusting the phase ⁇ , and adjusts the voltage of the capacitor 14 of the single-phase two-level converter 40 by adjusting the phase ⁇ . Value control is performed (step S905).
  • step S903 When it is determined in step S903 that the voltage is smaller than the predetermined threshold (step S903: Yes), in step S905, the voltage values of the capacitors 15a and 15b are regarded as almost ideal, and the phase ⁇ is adjusted to the voltage values of the capacitors 15a and 15b. The phase ⁇ is used to adjust the voltage values of the capacitors 15a and 15b. Note that the control of the voltage value of the capacitor 14 of the two-level converter 40 at the phase ⁇ and the adjustment of the voltage values of the capacitors 15a and 15b at the phase ⁇ are as described above and will not be described.
  • the voltage value of the capacitors 15a and 15b of the single-phase three-level converter 50 and the capacitor of the single-phase two-level converter 40 are controlled by controlling the phase of the single-phase three-level converter 50 in which the voltage is switched in five stages. 14 voltage values can be controlled.
  • the multilevel converter 1 according to the present embodiment can output the voltage as instructed, it is possible to prevent the sine wave of the output voltage from being distorted. Furthermore, it is possible to suppress communication failure and the like due to distortion and the like.
  • the present embodiment is not limited to the method of adjusting using both the phase ⁇ and the phase ⁇ , and the voltage of the capacitor 14 and the capacitors 15a and 15b using either the phase ⁇ or the phase ⁇ .
  • the value may be adjusted. Even in the voltage value adjustment method using one of the phase ⁇ and the phase ⁇ , the above-described method may be used, and the description is omitted.
  • control unit 150 controls the voltage values of the capacitors 14, 15 a, and 15 b by adjusting the modulation wave by the waveform control unit 806 and the differential voltage control unit 807.
  • FIG. 20 is a diagram showing the input / output energy of each capacitor when the modulation wave is switched in order to adjust the voltage value of the capacitors 15a and 15b of the single-phase three-level converter 50 in the modification.
  • the output voltage command value Vref2001 of the multilevel converter 1 the modulated wave 2002 that changes the output voltage of the single-phase three-level converter 50, and the modulated wave that changes the output voltage of the single-phase two-level converter 40.
  • 2003, input / output energy 2004 of the capacitor 15a, input / output energy 2005 of the capacitor 15b, and input / output energy 2006 of the capacitor 14 are shown.
  • the modulation wave of the single-phase three-level converter 50 is controlled to control the switching of the output voltage.
  • the modulation wave of the single-phase two-level converter 40 is controlled to switch the output voltage.
  • the charging period and discharging period of the capacitors 14, 15a and 15b can be controlled by controlling these modulation waves. Thereby, the voltage values of the capacitors 14, 15a, 15b can be controlled.
  • voltage switching is an example in which switching is performed only once each for half voltage and full voltage output of the capacitors 15a and 15b of the single-phase three-level converter 50.
  • the midway switching phase at the time of half-voltage output is ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2
  • the midway switching phase at the time of full voltage output is ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2.
  • the adjustment range of the phase is widened by performing the switching control described above. For this reason, controllability, such as reduction of capacitor energy ripple, can be improved. Note that the description of the midway switching phase is omitted because it is determined using information on the capacitor voltage.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de conversion électrique pour véhicules, qui convertit une énergie de CA monophasé en énergie de CC et comprend : un convertisseur monophasé à deux niveaux ; un convertisseur monophasé à trois niveaux ; une unité de détection de tension ; et une unité de commande. L'unité de détection de tension détecte la valeur de tension pour un condensateur disposé dans le convertisseur monophasé à deux niveaux et les valeurs de tension pour deux condensateurs connectés en série dans le condensateur monophasé à trois niveaux. L'unité de commande commande une phase qui indique le séquencement de commutation pour la commutation qui peut être commandée dans le convertisseur monophasé à trois niveaux, de sorte que la tension de sortie du convertisseur monophasé à trois niveaux peut être ajustée en cinq étapes, au sein du cycle de sortie du convertisseur monophasé à trois niveaux, ladite commande étant effectuée en fonction de la valeur de tension pour le condensateur fournie dans le convertisseur monophasé à deux niveaux et les valeurs de tension pour les deux condensateurs connectés en série dans le convertisseur monophasé à trois niveaux, tel que détecté dans l'unité de détection de tension.
PCT/JP2014/063616 2013-06-06 2014-05-22 Dispositif de conversion électrique pour véhicules WO2014196370A1 (fr)

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JP2013-120049 2013-06-06
JP2013120049A JP6129650B2 (ja) 2013-06-06 2013-06-06 車両用電力変換装置

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WO2014196370A1 true WO2014196370A1 (fr) 2014-12-11

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JP2015233394A (ja) 2014-06-10 2015-12-24 株式会社東芝 車両用電力変換装置

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2010068552A (ja) * 2008-09-08 2010-03-25 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 交流直流変換装置及び交流直流変換装置の制御方法並びにヒートポンプ式給湯器及び空気調和機
JP2011114972A (ja) * 2009-11-27 2011-06-09 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 電力変換装置
JP2011120325A (ja) * 2009-12-01 2011-06-16 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 電力変換装置
JP2013021891A (ja) * 2011-07-14 2013-01-31 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 電力変換装置
WO2013035383A1 (fr) * 2011-09-08 2013-03-14 三菱電機株式会社 Dispositif de conversion de puissance
JP2013198200A (ja) * 2012-03-16 2013-09-30 Toshiba Corp 車両用電力変換装置

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2010068552A (ja) * 2008-09-08 2010-03-25 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 交流直流変換装置及び交流直流変換装置の制御方法並びにヒートポンプ式給湯器及び空気調和機
JP2011114972A (ja) * 2009-11-27 2011-06-09 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 電力変換装置
JP2011120325A (ja) * 2009-12-01 2011-06-16 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 電力変換装置
JP2013021891A (ja) * 2011-07-14 2013-01-31 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 電力変換装置
WO2013035383A1 (fr) * 2011-09-08 2013-03-14 三菱電機株式会社 Dispositif de conversion de puissance
JP2013198200A (ja) * 2012-03-16 2013-09-30 Toshiba Corp 車両用電力変換装置

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JP2014239580A (ja) 2014-12-18

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