WO2014192650A1 - 水酸化インジウム粉の製造方法及び酸化インジウム粉の製造方法、並びにスパッタリングターゲット - Google Patents
水酸化インジウム粉の製造方法及び酸化インジウム粉の製造方法、並びにスパッタリングターゲット Download PDFInfo
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Definitions
- the present invention uses an indium hydroxide powder production method and an indium oxide powder production method capable of obtaining an indium hydroxide powder having excellent particle size uniformity and a narrow particle size distribution width, and the obtained indium oxide powder.
- the present invention relates to a sputtering target.
- indium oxide-based sintered materials are mainly used.
- Indium oxide powder is used as the main raw material for the transparent conductive film forming material. It is desirable that the indium oxide powder used for the sputtering target has the smallest possible particle size distribution in order to obtain a high-density target.
- a so-called medium-indium hydroxide precipitate formed by neutralizing an acidic aqueous solution such as an indium nitrate aqueous solution or an indium chloride aqueous solution with an alkaline aqueous solution such as ammonia water is dried and calcined. Manufactured by the sum method.
- acicular indium hydroxide is obtained by adding an alkali to a high-temperature indium nitrate aqueous solution at 70 to 95 ° C. in order to suppress aggregation of the resulting indium oxide powder (for example, see Patent Document 1.) It is disclosed that indium oxide powder with less aggregation can be obtained by calcining acicular indium hydroxide.
- the indium oxide powder produced by the neutralization method has a problem that the particle size and particle size distribution tend to be non-uniform, and relatively large particles coexist. For this reason, when a sputtering target is produced using such indium oxide, voids between particles due to large particles are generated, resulting in problems such as difficulty in improving the density.
- the neutralization method has a problem that a large amount of nitrogen wastewater is generated after the production of indium oxide powder, resulting in an increase in wastewater treatment cost.
- the indium hydroxide powder obtained by the electrolytic method has a problem that it is very fine and easily aggregates because the pH of the electrolytic solution is close to neutral.
- the indium oxide powder obtained by calcining this has a relatively uniform primary particle size, it becomes easy to obtain an agglomerated powder in which these particles are strongly aggregated. Due to the aggregation, the width of the particle size distribution is widened, so that there is a problem that densification of the target is hindered.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a production method, a production method of indium oxide powder obtained by calcining the obtained indium hydroxide powder to obtain indium oxide powder, and a sputtering target produced using the obtained indium oxide powder.
- the method for producing indium hydroxide powder according to the present invention is a method for producing indium hydroxide powder by electrolysis using metal indium for the anode, and the concentration of the electrolytic solution Of 0.1 to 2.0 mol / L, pH of 2.5 to 5.0, liquid temperature of 20 to 60 ° C., electrode current density of 4 to 20 A / dm 2 , and precipitated hydroxide
- the electrolysis is performed so that the concentration of the electrolytic slurry containing indium powder is in the range of 2 to 15%.
- the method for producing indium oxide powder according to the present invention that achieves the above-mentioned object is characterized by being obtained by calcining the above-mentioned indium hydroxide powder.
- a sputtering target according to the present invention that achieves the above-described object is characterized by being produced using indium oxide powder obtained by the above-described method for producing indium oxide.
- the electrolytic solution concentration, pH, liquid temperature, electrode current density are controlled, and electrolysis is performed so that the concentration of the electrolytic slurry containing the deposited indium hydroxide powder is within a specific range.
- Indium hydroxide powder is hard to agglomerate, has a uniform particle size, and can produce indium hydroxide powder with a narrow particle size distribution width. Accordingly, in the present invention, by using the obtained indium hydroxide powder, indium oxide powder having a uniform particle size and a narrow particle size distribution width can be obtained, and a high-density sputtering target can be obtained.
- Production method of indium oxide powder (1-1. Production process of indium hydroxide powder) The manufacturing method of indium hydroxide powder manufactures indium hydroxide powder using an electrolytic reaction.
- Indium hydroxide powder is produced by using indium as an anode (anode), using a conductive metal or carbon electrode for the cathode (cathode) of the counter electrode, and immersing the anode and cathode in the electrolyte to create a potential difference between the two electrodes.
- the anode metal is dissolved by generating and generating an electric current.
- the pH of the electrolytic solution is controlled to a region that is lower than the solubility of indium hydroxide, thereby causing precipitation of indium hydroxide powder and obtaining indium hydroxide powder.
- metallic indium is used for the anode.
- the metal indium to be used is not particularly limited, but a high-purity metal indium is desirable in order to suppress the mixing of impurities into the indium oxide powder.
- a suitable metal indium a purity of 99.9999% (commonly called 6N product) is preferably used.
- a conductive metal, a carbon electrode or the like is used, and for example, insoluble titanium or the like can be used.
- an aqueous solution of a general electrolyte salt such as a water-soluble nitrate, sulfate, or chloride salt can be used.
- aqueous ammonium nitrate solution using ammonium nitrate in which impurities remain after drying and calcining after precipitation of indium hydroxide powder is preferable.
- the concentration of the electrolytic solution is 0.1 to 2.0 mol / L.
- the lower the concentration of the electrolytic solution the lower the cost.
- the concentration of the electrolytic solution is 2.0 mol / L, sufficient electric conductivity is secured. Therefore, if it is higher than 2.0 mol / L, it becomes uneconomical and it is not necessary to increase it further.
- the pH of the electrolyte is in the range of 2.5 to 5.0.
- the pH is less than 2.5, hydroxide precipitation does not occur.
- the pH is greater than 5.0, the precipitation rate is too high and the precipitate is formed with non-uniform concentration. The distribution width becomes wide, which is not preferable.
- the pH at which the hydroxide precipitates is affected by the coexisting ions, so it is necessary to adjust the pH within the range of 2.5 to 5.0.
- coexistence of oxygen-containing chelate compounds such as citric acid, tartaric acid and glycolic acid and nitrogen-containing chelates such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) improves the dissolution stability of hydroxides. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the pH appropriately so that the hydroxide precipitates.
- EDTA ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
- the liquid temperature of the electrolyte is 20-60 ° C.
- the precipitation rate of the hydroxide is too slow, and when it is higher than 60 ° C., the precipitation rate is too high, and the precipitate is formed with non-uniform concentration. Is unfavorable since the particle size distribution width cannot be controlled to be small.
- the interelectrode distance between the anode and the cathode is preferably in the range of 1 cm to 4 cm. When it is narrower than 1 cm, it is not preferable because a physical contact easily occurs and a short circuit easily occurs. If it is wider than 4 cm, no current is generated or the necessary voltage exceeds the practical range, which is not preferable.
- Electrolysis is performed within a range of 2 to 15% of the concentration of the electrolytic solution (hereinafter also referred to as electrolytic slurry) on which indium hydroxide powder is deposited.
- the precipitation amount of indium hydroxide powder increases with the progress of electrolysis.
- concentration is lower than 2%, the concentration is too low, and the efficiency of solid-liquid separation is lowered, which is not preferable.
- viscosity of the electrolytic solution is increased too much and the uniform diffusion in the electrolytic solution is hindered, so that a precipitate is formed with a non-uniform concentration and the particle size distribution width is not reduced. It is not preferable.
- the solid-liquid separation method is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a rotary filter, centrifugal separation, filter press, pressure filtration, and vacuum filtration.
- the drying method is performed with a dryer such as a spray dryer, an air convection drying oven, an infrared drying oven or the like.
- Drying conditions are not particularly limited as long as the moisture of the indium hydroxide powder can be removed, but for example, the drying temperature is preferably in the range of 80 ° C to 150 ° C. When the drying temperature is lower than 80 ° C., the drying is insufficient. When the drying temperature is higher than 150 ° C., the indium hydroxide changes to indium oxide.
- the drying time varies depending on the temperature, but is about 10 to 24 hours.
- the concentration of the electrolyte is 0.1 to 2.0 mol / L
- the pH is 2.5 to 5.0
- the temperature of the solution is 20 to 60 ° C.
- an anode and a cathode immersed in the electrolyte in the range electrode current density of 4A / dm 2 ⁇ 20A / dm 2
- performs electrolysis within the concentration of the electrolyte slurry is 2-15%
- the shape of the primary particles of the obtained indium hydroxide powder is columnar.
- aggregation is moderately suppressed, and spherical secondary particles having a narrow particle size distribution with a particle size of submicron or several microns are obtained.
- the indium hydroxide powder after drying is calcined to produce indium oxide powder.
- the calcination conditions are preferably, for example, a calcination temperature of 600 ° C. to 800 ° C. and a calcination time of 1 hour to 10 hours.
- generation process of an indium oxide powder in order to make an indium hydroxide powder into a more desirable particle size, you may crush or grind
- indium hydroxide powder when indium hydroxide powder is produced by electrolysis, the concentration, pH, liquid temperature, and electrode current density of the electrolyte are controlled as described above, and the precipitated hydroxide By performing electrolysis so that the concentration of the electrolytic slurry containing indium powder is within a specific range, the produced indium hydroxide powder has a uniform particle size and produces indium hydroxide powder with a narrow particle size distribution width. Can do.
- indium hydroxide powder having a uniform particle size and a narrow particle size distribution width is obtained by calcining indium hydroxide powder having a uniform particle size and a narrow particle size distribution width. Obtainable.
- the amount of nitrogen drainage after the production of indium oxide powder can be suppressed as compared with the neutralization method.
- Sputtering target The indium oxide powder obtained by calcining the indium hydroxide powder obtained by the above-described method for producing indium hydroxide powder is used as a raw material for a sputtering target used for forming a transparent conductive film, for example.
- a granulated powder is prepared by mixing the above-mentioned indium oxide powder with other raw materials of the target such as tin oxide powder at a predetermined ratio.
- a molded body is produced by using, for example, a cold press method using the granulated powder.
- the molded body is sintered under atmospheric pressure within a temperature range of 1300 ° C. to 1600 ° C., for example.
- processing such as polishing the flat surface and side surfaces of the sintered body is performed as necessary.
- an indium tin oxide sputtering target ITO sputtering target
- ITO sputtering target can be obtained by bonding the sintered body to a Cu backing plate.
- the indium oxide powder used as a raw material has a uniform particle size and a narrow particle size distribution width, a high-density sintered body can be obtained and the target density is increased. Can do. As a result, cracks are not generated during processing of the target, and abnormal discharge can be prevented from occurring during sputtering.
- indium oxide powder is added not only to the raw material of the sputtering target but also to conductive paste and transparent conductive film paint. Since indium oxide powder has a uniform particle size, it exhibits high dispersion when added to conductive paste, transparent conductive film paint, and the like.
- indium hydroxide powder was generated using the electrolysis apparatus 1 shown in FIG. A specific configuration of the electrolyzer will be described in Example 1.
- the electrolysis apparatus 1 includes a 36 L electrolytic cell 2 having a length of 30 cm, a width of 40 cm, and a depth of 30 cm, and an 80 L adjustment tank 3 having a length of 40 cm, a width of 40 cm, and a depth of 50 cm, and the electrolytic cell 2 and the adjustment tank 3 are adjacent to each other. Yes.
- the electrolytic bath 2 and the adjustment bath 3 are connected by a circulation pump 4.
- the electrolytic cell 2 is provided with a punch plate 6 for dispersing the flow of the electrolytic solution 5 parallel to the bottom at a height of 2 cm from the bottom. That is, the punch plate 6 has a total of 25 holes of 3 mm in diameter, 5 rows in a row and 5 rows in a 10 cm square. As a result, in the electrolytic cell 2, the electrolytic solution 5 injected into the lower part of the electrolytic cell 2 by the circulation pump 4 passes through the punch plate 6, and each liquid flow can ensure a substantially uniform liquid flow with no drift.
- a cathode 7 and an anode 8 were disposed in the electrolytic cell 2.
- cathode (cathode) 7 five titanium metal plates having a thickness of 1 mm, a width of 30 cm, and a height of 25 cm were prepared.
- anodes (anodes) 8 were prepared by molding indium metal having a purity of 99.9999% into a plate shape having a width of 30 cm, a height of 25 cm, and a thickness of 5 mm.
- these five cathodes 7 and four anodes 8 were alternately arranged vertically on the punch plate 6 in the electrolytic cell 2 so that both electrodes were parallel to each other.
- the distance between the cathode 7 and the anode 8 was adjusted to 3.0 cm.
- the five cathodes 7 are electrically connected by a conductive wire 9.
- the adjustment tank 3 includes a temperature control heater 11 and a cooler 12 for controlling and maintaining the temperature of the electrolytic solution. Moreover, the adjustment tank 3 is equipped with the stirring rod 13 which stirs the electrolyte solution 5 in a tank.
- the electrolysis apparatus 1 60 L of 2.0 mol / L ammonium nitrate aqueous solution is contained in the adjustment tank 3.
- 1N nitric acid was added to the ammonium nitrate aqueous solution of the electrolytic solution 5 to adjust the hydrogen ion concentration index pH to 4.0.
- the pH was measured using the pH electrode 10 attached to the adjustment tank 3. While maintaining this state, the temperature of the electrolytic solution 5 was maintained at 25 ° C. using the temperature control heater 11 and the cooler 12.
- the electrolytic solution 5 was adjusted by stirring the electrolytic solution 5 in the tank with the stirring rod 13.
- the electrolytic solution 5 in the adjustment tank 3 was sent to the electrolytic tank 2 at a rate of 20 L / min by the circulation pump 4.
- the electrolytic solution 5 in the electrolytic tank 2 is returned to the adjustment tank 3 due to overflow.
- the electrode current density was adjusted to 15 A / dm 2 and electrolysis was continued for 6 hours.
- the indium hydroxide powder deposited by electrolysis was collected by filtration under reduced pressure in a Nutsche filter bottle.
- Table 1 shows the results of measuring the particle size distribution of the recovered indium hydroxide powder by the laser light Doppler method.
- the particle size distribution of the indium hydroxide powder had a minimum diameter of 0.3 ⁇ m and a maximum diameter of 1.2 ⁇ m, and had a particle size distribution in a very limited range.
- the obtained indium hydroxide powder was dried at 120 ° C. for 12 hours in the air, and fired at 700 ° C. in the air.
- the particle size distribution of the obtained indium oxide had a minimum diameter of 0.5 ⁇ m and a maximum diameter of 1.2 ⁇ m, and similarly had a particle size distribution in a very limited range. From the result of examining the weight of the amount of solid matter, the concentration of the electrolytic slurry in electrolysis was 3.2 wt%.
- Example 2 In Example 2, electrolysis was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the ammonium nitrate aqueous solution of the electrolytic solution was changed to 0.5 mol / L under the conditions of Example 1. And the indium oxide sintered compact was produced by the same method as Example 1 from the obtained indium hydroxide powder.
- Example 2 the concentration of indium hydroxide powder in the electrolytic solution was 3.2 wt%. Further, the particle size distribution of the indium hydroxide powder measured in the same manner as in Example 1 had a minimum diameter of 0.3 ⁇ m and a maximum diameter of 1.0 ⁇ m, and had a well-defined range of particle size distribution. Similarly, the particle size distribution of the indium oxide powder was a minimum particle size of 0.5 ⁇ m and a maximum particle size of 1.2 ⁇ m. The density of the indium oxide sintered body was 99.6% of the true specific gravity.
- Example 3 In Example 3, electrolysis was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the electrolysis temperature was set to 50 ° C. under the conditions of Example 1. And the indium oxide sintered compact was produced by the same method as Example 1 from the obtained indium hydroxide powder.
- Example 3 the concentration of indium hydroxide powder in the electrolyte was 3.2 wt%.
- the particle size distribution of the indium hydroxide powder measured in the same manner as in Example 1 had a minimum diameter of 0.3 ⁇ m and a maximum diameter of 1.2 ⁇ m, and had a well-defined range of particle size distribution.
- the particle size distribution of the indium oxide powder was a minimum particle size of 0.5 ⁇ m and a maximum particle size of 1.2 ⁇ m.
- the density of the indium oxide sintered body was 99.5% of the true specific gravity.
- Example 4 In Example 4, electrolysis was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the electrode current density was 8 A / dm 2 under the conditions of Example 1. And the indium oxide sintered compact was produced by the same method as Example 1 from the obtained indium hydroxide powder.
- Example 4 the concentration of indium hydroxide powder in the electrolytic solution was 2.0 wt%.
- the particle size distribution of the indium hydroxide powder measured in the same manner as in Example 1 had a minimum diameter of 0.3 ⁇ m and a maximum diameter of 1.2 ⁇ m, and had a well-defined range of particle size distribution.
- the particle size distribution of the indium oxide powder was a minimum particle size of 0.5 ⁇ m and a maximum particle size of 1.2 ⁇ m.
- the density of the indium oxide sintered body was 99.5% of the true specific gravity.
- Example 5 In Example 5, electrolysis was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the electrode current density was 17 A / dm 2 under the conditions of Example 1. And the indium oxide sintered compact was produced by the same method as Example 1 from the obtained indium hydroxide powder.
- Example 5 the concentration of the electrolytic slurry was 3.2 wt%.
- the particle size distribution of the indium hydroxide powder measured in the same manner as in Example 1 had a minimum diameter of 0.3 ⁇ m and a maximum diameter of 1.2 ⁇ m, and had a limited range of particle size distribution.
- the particle size distribution of the indium oxide powder was a minimum particle size of 0.5 ⁇ m and a maximum particle size of 1.2 ⁇ m.
- the density of the indium oxide sintered body was 99.3% of the true specific gravity.
- Example 6 In Example 6, electrolysis was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the current density was 19 A / dm 2 and the electrolysis time was 15 hours under the conditions of Example 1. And the indium oxide sintered compact was produced by the same method as Example 1 from the obtained indium hydroxide powder.
- Example 6 the concentration of the electrolytic slurry was 12.0 wt%.
- the particle size distribution of indium hydroxide measured in the same manner as in Example 1 had a minimum diameter of 0.2 ⁇ m and a maximum diameter of 1.4 ⁇ m, and had a limited range of particle size distribution.
- the particle size distribution of indium oxide was a minimum diameter of 0.6 ⁇ m and a maximum diameter of 1.4 ⁇ m, and the particle size distribution was limited in the same manner.
- the density of the indium oxide sintered body was 99.2% with respect to the true specific gravity.
- Example 7 In Example 7, electrolysis was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the electrolyte concentration was 1.0 mol / L and the distance between the electrodes was 1.5 cm under the conditions of Example 1. And the indium oxide sintered compact was produced by the same method as Example 1 from the obtained indium hydroxide powder.
- Example 7 the concentration of the electrolytic slurry was 3.2 wt%. Further, the particle size distribution of the indium hydroxide powder measured in the same manner as in Example 1 had a minimum diameter of 0.3 ⁇ m and a maximum diameter of 1.2 ⁇ m, and had a particle size distribution in a limited range. Similarly, the particle size distribution of the indium oxide powder has a minimum diameter of 0.5 ⁇ m and a maximum diameter of 1.2 ⁇ m. The density of the indium oxide sintered body was 99.5% of the true specific gravity.
- Comparative Example 1 In Comparative Example 1, electrolysis was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the electrolytic solution concentration was 0.04 mol / L and the electrode current density was 6 A / dm 2 under the conditions of Example 1.
- Comparative Example 2 In Comparative Example 2, electrolysis was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the electrolytic solution concentration was 3.0 mol / L under the conditions of Example 1.
- Example 2 the concentration of the electrolytic slurry was 3.2 wt%.
- the particle size distribution of the indium hydroxide powder measured in the same manner as in Example 1 has a minimum diameter of 0.3 ⁇ m and a maximum diameter of 3.0 ⁇ m.
- the particle size distribution of indium oxide powder has a minimum diameter of 0.3 ⁇ m and a maximum diameter.
- the distribution was 3.0 ⁇ m, both of which were wider than the results in Examples 1 to 7.
- the relative density of the indium oxide sintered body was 89.7%, which was clearly lower than those of Examples 1-7.
- Comparative Example 3 In Comparative Example 3, electrolysis was performed in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the electrolysis pH was 2.3, the electrolysis temperature was 30 ° C., and the electrolysis time was 4 hours.
- Comparative Example 4 In Comparative Example 4, electrolysis was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the electrolysis pH was set to 6.5 under the conditions of Example 1. And the indium oxide sintered compact was produced by the same method as Example 1 from the obtained indium hydroxide powder.
- the concentration of the electrolytic slurry was 3.2 wt%.
- the particle size distribution of the indium hydroxide powder measured in the same manner as in Example 1 has a minimum diameter of 0.1 ⁇ m and a maximum diameter of 9.0 ⁇ m.
- the particle size distribution of indium oxide powder has a minimum diameter of 0.2 ⁇ m and a maximum diameter.
- the distribution was 8.8 ⁇ m, both of which were wider than the results in Examples 1 to 7.
- the relative density of the indium oxide sintered body was 87.0%, which was clearly lower than those of Examples 1 to 7.
- Comparative Example 5 In Comparative Example 5, electrolysis was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the electrolysis temperature was 18 ° C. under the conditions of Example 1. And the indium oxide sintered compact was produced by the same method as Example 1 from the obtained indium hydroxide powder.
- the concentration of the electrolytic slurry was 3.2 wt%.
- the particle size distribution of the indium hydroxide powder measured in the same manner as in Example 1 has a minimum diameter of 0.8 ⁇ m and a maximum diameter of 2.8 ⁇ m.
- the particle size distribution of indium oxide powder has a minimum diameter of 0.9 ⁇ m and a maximum diameter.
- the distribution was 3.0 ⁇ m, both of which were wider than the results in Examples 1 to 7.
- the relative density of the indium oxide sintered body was 91.0%, which was clearly lower than those in Examples 1 to 7.
- Comparative Example 6 In Comparative Example 6, electrolysis was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the electrolysis temperature was set to 65 ° C. under the conditions of Example 1. And the indium oxide sintered compact was produced by the same method as Example 1 from the obtained indium hydroxide powder.
- Example 6 the concentration of the electrolytic slurry was 3.2 wt%.
- the particle size distribution of the indium hydroxide powder measured in the same manner as in Example 1 has a minimum diameter of 0.2 ⁇ m and a maximum diameter of 8.0 ⁇ m.
- the particle size distribution of indium oxide powder has a minimum diameter of 0.2 ⁇ m and a maximum diameter.
- the distribution was 8.2 ⁇ m, both of which were wider than the results in Examples 1 to 7.
- the relative density of the indium oxide sintered body was 88.0%, which was clearly lower than those of Examples 1 to 7.
- Comparative Example 7 In Comparative Example 7, electrolysis was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the electrode current density was 2 A / dm 2 and the electrolysis time was 12 hours under the conditions of Example 1. And the indium oxide sintered compact was produced by the same method as Example 1 from the obtained indium hydroxide powder.
- Comparative Example 7 the concentration of the electrolytic slurry was small and less than 1.0 wt%.
- the particle size distribution of the indium hydroxide powder measured in the same manner as in Example 1 has a minimum diameter of 0.2 ⁇ m and a maximum diameter of 2.8 ⁇ m.
- the particle size distribution of indium oxide powder has a minimum diameter of 0.8 ⁇ m and a maximum diameter.
- the distribution was 3.1 ⁇ m, both of which were wider than the results in Examples 1 to 7.
- the relative density of the indium oxide sintered body was 90.0%, which was clearly lower than those of Examples 1 to 7.
- Comparative Example 8 In Comparative Example 8, electrolysis was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the temperature of the electrolyte was 28 ° C. and the electrode current density was 28 A / dm 2 under the conditions of Example 1. And the indium oxide sintered compact was produced by the same method as Example 1 from the obtained indium hydroxide powder.
- the concentration of the electrolytic slurry was 6.0 wt%.
- the particle size distribution of the indium hydroxide powder measured in the same manner as in Example 1 has a minimum diameter of 0.2 ⁇ m and a maximum diameter of 8.1 ⁇ m.
- the particle size distribution of indium oxide powder has a minimum diameter of 0.3 ⁇ m and a maximum diameter.
- the distribution was 8.3 ⁇ m, both of which were wider than the results in Examples 1 to 7.
- the relative density of the indium oxide sintered body was 89.0%, which was clearly lower than those of Examples 1-7.
- Comparative Example 9 In Comparative Example 9, electrolysis was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the electrolysis time was 34 hours under the conditions of Example 1. And the indium oxide sintered compact was produced by the same method as Example 1 from the obtained indium hydroxide powder.
- the concentration of the electrolytic slurry was 18.0 wt%.
- the particle size distribution of the indium hydroxide powder measured in the same manner as in Example 1 has a minimum diameter of 0.3 ⁇ m and a maximum diameter of 2.0 ⁇ m.
- the particle size distribution of indium oxide powder has a minimum diameter of 0.5 ⁇ m and a maximum diameter.
- the distribution was 2.0 ⁇ m, both of which were wider than the results in Examples 1 to 7.
- the relative density of the indium oxide sintered body was 96.2%, which was clearly lower than those of Examples 1 to 7.
- Comparative Example 10 In Comparative Example 10, electrolysis was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the electrolysis time was 42 hours under the conditions of Example 1. And the indium oxide sintered compact was produced by the same method as Example 1 from the obtained indium hydroxide powder.
- the concentration of the electrolytic slurry was 22.0 wt%.
- the particle size distribution of the indium hydroxide powder measured in the same manner as in Example 1 has a minimum diameter of 0.7 ⁇ m and a maximum diameter of 2.8 ⁇ m.
- the particle size distribution of indium oxide powder has a minimum diameter of 0.8 ⁇ m and a maximum diameter.
- the distribution was 3.0 ⁇ m, both of which were wider than the results in Examples 1 to 7.
- the relative density of the indium oxide sintered body was 91.0%, which was clearly lower than those in Examples 1 to 7.
- Comparative Example 11 In Comparative Example 11, electrolysis was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the distance between the electrodes was set to 0.5 cm under the conditions of Example 1.
- Comparative Example 12 In Comparative Example 12, electrolysis was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the distance between the electrodes was set to 5.0 cm under the conditions of Example 1. However, if the distance between the electrodes is 5.0 cm, the same number of electrode plates as in Example 1 cannot be arranged in the electrolytic cell, so three cathodes and two positive electrodes are prepared and alternately arranged in the electrolytic cell. Arranged. And the indium oxide sintered compact was produced by the same method as Example 1 from the obtained indium hydroxide powder.
- Example 12 the concentration of the electrolytic slurry was 3.2 wt%.
- the particle size distribution of this indium hydroxide was measured by the same method as in Example 1, and the minimum diameter was 0.6 ⁇ m and the maximum diameter was 3.0 ⁇ m.
- the particle size distribution of indium oxide powder was the minimum diameter of 0.8 ⁇ m and the maximum The diameter was 3.0 ⁇ m, and both had a wider distribution than the results in Examples 1-7.
- the relative density of the indium oxide sintered body was 93.0%, which was clearly lower than those in Examples 1 to 7.
- Comparative Example 13 In Comparative Example 13, the electrolytic solution concentration was 0.5 mol / L, the electrolytic solution pH was 8.0, the electrolytic temperature was 10 ° C., and the electrode current density was 12 A / dm 2 under the conditions of Example 1. The others were electrolyzed in the same manner as in Example 1. And the indium oxide sintered compact was produced by the same method as Example 1 from the obtained indium hydroxide powder.
- Example 13 the concentration of the electrolytic slurry was 2.6 wt%.
- the particle size distribution of the indium hydroxide powder measured in the same manner as in Example 1 has a minimum diameter of 0.1 ⁇ m and a maximum diameter of 8.5 ⁇ m.
- the particle size distribution of indium oxide has a minimum diameter of 0.2 ⁇ m and a maximum diameter of 8. ⁇ m.
- the distribution was 8 ⁇ m, both of which were wider than the results in Examples 1 to 7.
- the relative density of the indium oxide sintered body was 87.0%, which was clearly lower than those of Examples 1 to 7.
- Comparative Example 14 In Comparative Example 14, the electrolytic solution concentration was 1.0 mol / L, the electrolytic solution pH was 6.0, the electrolytic temperature was 50 ° C., and the electrode current density was 12 A / dm 2 under the conditions of Example 1. The others were electrolyzed in the same manner as in Example 1. And the indium oxide sintered compact was produced by the same method as Example 1 from the obtained indium hydroxide powder.
- Example 14 the concentration of the electrolytic slurry was 2.6 wt%.
- the particle size distribution of the indium hydroxide powder was measured by the same method as in Example 1, and the minimum diameter was 0.1 ⁇ m and the maximum diameter was 8.0 ⁇ m.
- the particle size distribution of the indium oxide powder was the minimum diameter of 0.1 ⁇ m, The maximum diameter was 8.0 ⁇ m, and both had a wider distribution than the results in Examples 1-7.
- the relative density of the indium oxide sintered body was 87.0%, which was clearly lower than those of Examples 1 to 7.
- the electrolyte solution concentration was 0.1 to 2.0 mol / L, pH was 2.5 to 5.0, and the liquid temperature was Electrolysis is carried out so that the electrode current density is 20 to 60 ° C., the electrode current density is 4 A / dm 2 to 20 A / dm 2 , and the concentration of indium hydroxide powder in the electrolytic solution is 2 to 15%. It can be seen that the particle size distribution width of the indium powder is narrow, the particle size is uniform, and the density of the indium oxide sintered body is high.
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Abstract
Description
1.酸化インジウム粉の製造方法
1-1.水酸化インジウム粉の製造工程
1-2.水酸化インジウム粉の回収工程
1-3.水酸化インジウム粉の乾燥工程
1-4.酸化インジウム粉の生成工程
2.スパッタリングターゲット
(1-1.水酸化インジウム粉の製造工程)
水酸化インジウム粉の製造方法は、電解反応を利用して水酸化インジウム粉を製造する。
電解により得られた水酸化インジウム粉を電解液から固液分離し、分離した水酸化インジウム粉を純水で洗浄して再び固液分離して回収する。
次に、回収した水酸化インジウム粉の乾燥を行う。
酸化インジウム粉の生成工程では、乾燥後の水酸化インジウム粉を仮焼して酸化インジウム粉を生成する。仮焼条件は、例えば仮焼温度600℃~800℃、仮焼時間1時間~10時間で行うことが好ましい。なお、酸化インジウム粉の生成工程では、水酸化インジウム粉をより所望の粒径とするため必要に応じて解砕又は粉砕を行ってもよい。また、酸化インジウム粉の生成工程では、電解液に硝酸アンモニウムを用いた場合、仮焼により硝酸アンモニウムの分解が生じ、酸化インジウム粉への混入を防止することができる。
上述の水酸化インジウム粉の製造方法により得られた水酸化インジウム粉を仮焼して得られた酸化インジウム粉は、例えば透明導電膜の形成に用いられるスパッタリングターゲットの原料に用いられる。
電解装置1は、縦30cm、横40cm、深さ30cmの36L電解槽2と、縦40cm、横40cm、深さ50cmの80L調整槽3とを備え、電解槽2と調整槽3は隣接している。電解槽2と調整槽3は、循環ポンプ4により接続されている。
実施例2では、実施例1の条件で、電解液の硝酸アンモニウム水溶液を0.5mol/Lとした他は実施例1と同じ方法で電解を実施した。そして、得られた水酸化インジウム粉から実施例1と同じ方法で酸化インジウム焼結体を作製した。
実施例3では、実施例1の条件で、電解温度を50℃とした他は実施例1と同じ方法で電解を実施した。そして、得られた水酸化インジウム粉から実施例1と同じ方法で酸化インジウム焼結体を作製した。
実施例4では、実施例1の条件で、電極電流密度を8A/dm2とした他は実施例1と同じ方法で電解を実施した。そして、得られた水酸化インジウム粉から実施例1と同じ方法で酸化インジウム焼結体を作製した。
実施例5は、実施例1の条件で、電極電流密度を17A/dm2とした他は実施例1と同じ方法で電解を実施した。そして、得られた水酸化インジウム粉から実施例1と同じ方法で酸化インジウム焼結体を作製した。
実施例6では、実施例1の条件で、電流密度を19A/dm2、かつ電解時間を15時間とした他は実施例1と同じ方法で電解を実施した。そして、得られた水酸化インジウム粉から実施例1と同じ方法で酸化インジウム焼結体を作製した。
実施例7では、実施例1の条件で、電解液濃度を1.0mol/Lとし、電極間距離を1.5cmとした他は実施例1と同じ方法で電解を実施した。そして、得られた水酸化インジウム粉から実施例1と同じ方法で酸化インジウム焼結体を作製した。
比較例1では、実施例1の条件で、電解液濃度を0.04mol/L、電極電流密度を6A/dm2とした他は実施例1と同じ方法で電解を行った。
比較例2では、実施例1の条件で、電解液濃度を3.0mol/Lとした他は実施例1と同じ方法で電解を実施した。
比較例3では、実施例1の条件で、電解のpHを2.3、電解温度を30℃、電解時間を4時間とした他は実施例1と同じ方法で電解を実施した。
比較例4では、実施例1の条件で、電解のpHを6.5とした他は実施例1と同じ方法で電解を実施した。そして、得られた水酸化インジウム粉から実施例1と同じ方法で酸化インジウム焼結体を作製した。
比較例5では、実施例1の条件で、電解温度を18℃とした他は実施例1と同じ方法で電解を実施した。そして、得られた水酸化インジウム粉から実施例1と同じ方法で酸化インジウム焼結体を作製した。
比較例6では、実施例1の条件で、電解温度を65℃とした他は実施例1と同じ方法で電解を実施した。そして、得られた水酸化インジウム粉から実施例1と同じ方法で酸化インジウム焼結体を作製した。
比較例7では、実施例1の条件で、電極電流密度を2A/dm2とし、電解時間を12時間とした他は実施例1と同じ方法で電解を実施した。そして、得られた水酸化インジウム粉から実施例1と同じ方法で酸化インジウム焼結体を作製した。
比較例8では、実施例1の条件で、電解液の温度を28℃とし、電極電流密度を28A/dm2とした他は実施例1と同じ方法で電解を実施した。そして、得られた水酸化インジウム粉から実施例1と同じ方法で酸化インジウム焼結体を作製した。
比較例9では、実施例1の条件で、電解時間を34時間とした他は実施例1と同じ方法で電解を実施した。そして、得られた水酸化インジウム粉から実施例1と同じ方法で酸化インジウム焼結体を作製した。
比較例10では、実施例1の条件で、電解時間を42時間とした他は実施例1と同じ方法で電解を実施した。そして、得られた水酸化インジウム粉から実施例1と同じ方法で酸化インジウム焼結体を作製した。
比較例11では、実施例1の条件で、電極間距離を0.5cmとした他は実施例1と同じ方法で電解を実施した。
比較例12では、実施例1の条件で、電極間距離を5.0cmとした他は実施例1と同じ方法で電解を実施した。ただし、電極間距離を5.0cmとすると、実施例1と同数の電極板を電解槽内に配置することが出来ないため、陰極を3枚、陽極を2枚準備し、電解槽内に交互に配置した。そして、得られた水酸化インジウム粉から実施例1と同じ方法で酸化インジウム焼結体を作製した。
比較例13は、実施例1の条件で、電解液濃度を0.5mol/Lとし、電解液のpHを8.0とし、電解温度を10℃とし、電極電流密度を12A/dm2とした他は実施例1と同じ方法で電解を実施した。そして、得られた水酸化インジウム粉から実施例1と同じ方法で酸化インジウム焼結体を作製した。
比較例14は、実施例1の条件で、電解液濃度を1.0mol/Lとし、電解液のpHを6.0とし、電解温度を50℃とし、電極電流密度を12A/dm2とした他は実施例1と同じ方法で電解を実施した。そして、得られた水酸化インジウム粉から実施例1と同じ方法で酸化インジウム焼結体を作製した。
Claims (7)
- 陽極に金属インジウムを用いた電解により水酸化インジウム粉を製造する水酸化インジウム粉の製造方法において、
電解液の濃度が0.1~2.0mol/Lであり、pHが2.5~5.0、液温が20~60℃であり、
電極電流密度が4~20A/dm2であり、
析出した上記水酸化インジウム粉を含む電解スラリーの濃度が2~15%の範囲となるように電解を行うことを特徴とする水酸化インジウム粉の製造方法。 - 上記電解液は、硝酸アンモニウムであることを特徴とする請求項1記載の水酸化インジウム粉の製造方法。
- 上記水酸化インジウム粉の一次粒子は、柱状形状であることを特徴とする請求項1又は請求項2記載の水酸化インジウム粉の製造方法。
- 陽極に金属インジウムを用いた電解により得られた水酸化インジウム粉を仮焼して酸化インジウム粉を得る酸化インジウム粉の製造方法において、
電解液の濃度が0.1~2.0mol/Lであり、pHが2.5~5.0、液温が20~60℃であり、
電極電流密度が4~20A/dm2であり、
析出した上記水酸化インジウム粉を含む電解スラリーの濃度が2~15%の範囲となるように電解を行うことを特徴とする酸化インジウム粉の製造方法。 - 上記電解液は、硝酸アンモニウムであることを特徴とする請求項4記載の酸化インジウム粉の製造方法。
- 上記水酸化インジウム粉の一次粒子は、柱状形状であることを特徴とする請求項4又は請求項5記載の酸化インジウム粉の製造方法。
- 請求項4乃至請求項6のいずれか1項に記載の酸化インジウム粉の製造方法で得られた酸化インジウム粉を用いて作製されたことを特徴とするスパッタリングターゲット。
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JP2016117927A (ja) * | 2014-12-19 | 2016-06-30 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | 水酸化インジウム粉の電解装置、水酸化インジウム粉の製造方法、及びスパッタリングターゲットの製造方法 |
JP2016117928A (ja) * | 2014-12-19 | 2016-06-30 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | 水酸化インジウム粉又は水酸化スズ粉の電解装置、水酸化インジウム粉又は水酸化スズ粉の製造方法、及びスパッタリングターゲットの製造方法 |
JP2016216268A (ja) * | 2015-05-14 | 2016-12-22 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | 水酸化インジウム粉の製造方法及び酸化インジウム粉の製造方法、並びにスパッタリングターゲット |
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JPH06171937A (ja) * | 1992-12-09 | 1994-06-21 | Japan Energy Corp | 酸化インジウム粉末の製造方法 |
JPH1095615A (ja) * | 1996-06-20 | 1998-04-14 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | 高密度焼結体用酸化インジウム粉末 |
JP2013036074A (ja) * | 2011-08-05 | 2013-02-21 | Jx Nippon Mining & Metals Corp | 水酸化インジウム及び水酸化インジウムを含む化合物の製造方法 |
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JP2016117927A (ja) * | 2014-12-19 | 2016-06-30 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | 水酸化インジウム粉の電解装置、水酸化インジウム粉の製造方法、及びスパッタリングターゲットの製造方法 |
JP2016117928A (ja) * | 2014-12-19 | 2016-06-30 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | 水酸化インジウム粉又は水酸化スズ粉の電解装置、水酸化インジウム粉又は水酸化スズ粉の製造方法、及びスパッタリングターゲットの製造方法 |
JP2016216268A (ja) * | 2015-05-14 | 2016-12-22 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | 水酸化インジウム粉の製造方法及び酸化インジウム粉の製造方法、並びにスパッタリングターゲット |
JP7394249B1 (ja) * | 2023-05-15 | 2023-12-07 | 株式会社アルバック | モリブデンターゲットおよびその製造方法 |
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JPWO2014192650A1 (ja) | 2017-02-23 |
KR102129451B1 (ko) | 2020-07-03 |
CN105264119A (zh) | 2016-01-20 |
JP6090442B2 (ja) | 2017-03-08 |
TW201504475A (zh) | 2015-02-01 |
KR20160012134A (ko) | 2016-02-02 |
TWI601854B (zh) | 2017-10-11 |
CN105264119B (zh) | 2017-07-04 |
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