WO2014189339A1 - 텅스텐 화합물을 이용한 텅스텐-함유 막의 증착 방법 및 상기 텅스텐 화합물을 포함하는 텅스텐-함유 막 증착용 전구체 조성물 - Google Patents
텅스텐 화합물을 이용한 텅스텐-함유 막의 증착 방법 및 상기 텅스텐 화합물을 포함하는 텅스텐-함유 막 증착용 전구체 조성물 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014189339A1 WO2014189339A1 PCT/KR2014/004666 KR2014004666W WO2014189339A1 WO 2014189339 A1 WO2014189339 A1 WO 2014189339A1 KR 2014004666 W KR2014004666 W KR 2014004666W WO 2014189339 A1 WO2014189339 A1 WO 2014189339A1
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- tungsten
- containing film
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- deposition
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- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 150000003658 tungsten compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 146
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 93
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000231 atomic layer deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- XESZUVZBAMCAEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-tert-butylcatechol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 XESZUVZBAMCAEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- UGNWTBMOAKPKBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloro-1,4-benzoquinone Chemical compound ClC1=C(Cl)C(=O)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C1=O UGNWTBMOAKPKBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-benzoquinone Chemical group O=C1C=CC(=O)C=C1 AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002015 acyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- WAMKWBHYPYBEJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N duroquinone Chemical compound CC1=C(C)C(=O)C(C)=C(C)C1=O WAMKWBHYPYBEJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 tungsten derivative compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- HHEAADYXPMHMCT-UHFFFAOYSA-N dpph Chemical class [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1[N]N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 HHEAADYXPMHMCT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002488 metal-organic chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- ACQPQXVMVLINFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-tert-butylbenzene-1,2-diol;4-tert-butylbenzene-1,2-diol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1.CC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC(O)=C1O ACQPQXVMVLINFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 238000002411 thermogravimetry Methods 0.000 description 12
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001345 alkine derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000000113 differential scanning calorimetry Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004626 scanning electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000001972 isopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-(1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl)phenyl]-4-nitrobenzenesulfonamide Chemical class C1=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)NC1=CC=C(C=2OC3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C=C1 SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000001971 neopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000003538 pentan-3-yl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000003548 sec-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000001973 tert-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical group [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- BATMSLSJILEDGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon monoxide;hex-3-yne;tungsten Chemical compound [W].[O+]#[C-].CCC#CCC.CCC#CCC.CCC#CCC BATMSLSJILEDGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KCBGPORQPUTBDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon monoxide;tungsten Chemical compound O=C=[W] KCBGPORQPUTBDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FQNHWXHRAUXLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon monoxide;tungsten Chemical group [W].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-] FQNHWXHRAUXLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002527 isonitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonaoxidotritungsten Chemical compound O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003304 ruthenium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002076 thermal analysis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- NXHILIPIEUBEPD-UHFFFAOYSA-H tungsten hexafluoride Chemical compound F[W](F)(F)(F)(F)F NXHILIPIEUBEPD-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/06—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of metallic material
- C23C16/18—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of metallic material from metallo-organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F11/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 6 or 16 of the Periodic Table
Definitions
- the present application relates to a method for depositing a tungsten-containing film using a tungsten compound and a precursor composition for tungsten-containing film deposition including the tungsten compound.
- Tungsten (W) -containing films are used in many applications in the manufacture of semiconductor devices. Typically, tungsten-containing films are formed by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or atomic layer deposition (ALD) techniques. Tungsten hexafluoride (WF 6 ) has been widely used as a tungsten raw material for forming tungsten-containing films.
- CVD chemical vapor deposition
- ALD atomic layer deposition
- tungsten carbonyl compound [W (CO) 6 ] As a general organometallic precursor for forming a tungsten-containing film, a tungsten carbonyl compound [W (CO) 6 ] is known, and carbonyl (CO) ligands contained in these compounds are easily dissociated even at low temperatures and separated.
- W (CO) 6 tungsten carbonyl compound
- CO carbonyl
- the present application is to provide a method for depositing a tungsten-containing film using a tungsten compound and a precursor composition for depositing a tungsten-containing film including the tungsten compound.
- a first aspect of the present application provides a method for depositing a tungsten-containing film using a tungsten compound, comprising contacting a substrate comprising a tungsten compound represented by the following formula (1) to a substrate surface:
- R 1 to R 6 each independently include H or a C 1-5 alkyl group
- L includes acyclic or cyclic neutral ligand of 0 to 5 carbon atoms containing one to three nitrogen or oxygen.
- a second aspect of the present application provides a precursor composition for depositing a tungsten-containing film including a tungsten compound represented by Chemical Formula 1.
- a tungsten-containing film may be formed using a tungsten-containing film deposition method using a tungsten compound containing an alkyne ligand and a precursor composition for depositing a tungsten-containing film including the tungsten compound.
- a tungsten-containing film may be formed by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or atomic layer deposition (ALD) using a tungsten compound including an alkyne ligand. It may be, may provide a film deposition composition comprising the tungsten compound.
- embodiments of the present disclosure can form tungsten-containing films with less nitrogen or oxygen impurities.
- DSC 2 is a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) graph of the tungsten compound W (CO) (CH 3 CH 2 C ⁇ CCH 2 CH 3 ) 3 prepared according to Preparation Example 1 of the present application.
- 3A-3D are cross-sectional Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images of tungsten-containing films formed at a temperature of 325 ° C. of the substrate, in Example 1 herein.
- 4A-4D are cross-sectional scanning electron microscopy images of tungsten-containing films formed at a substrate temperature of 350 ° C. in Example 1 herein.
- Example 5 is a result of Auger analysis of a tungsten-containing film formed using hydrogen (H 2 ) gas at a substrate temperature of 350 ° C. in Example 2 of the present application.
- FIG. 6 is a result of ozone analysis of a tungsten-containing film formed using ammonia (NH 3 ) gas at a substrate temperature of 350 ° C. in Example 2 of the present application.
- FIG. 6 is a result of ozone analysis of a tungsten-containing film formed using ammonia (NH 3 ) gas at a substrate temperature of 350 ° C. in Example 2 of the present application.
- FIG. 7 is a thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) graph of each of the precursor compositions for tungsten-containing film deposition with and without stabilizer in Example 3 herein.
- step to or “step of” does not mean “step for.”
- the term "combination (s) thereof" included in the expression of the makushi form refers to one or more mixtures or combinations selected from the group consisting of the elements described in the expression of the makushi form, It means to include one or more selected from the group consisting of the above components.
- alkyl group may include linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated C 1-10 or C 1-5 alkyl groups, for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, Butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, or all possible isomers thereof may be included, but may not be limited thereto.
- neutral ligand (L) may be one containing a 0 to 5 acyclic or cyclic structural compound containing one to three heteroatoms each selected from nitrogen or oxygen, For example, atoms or molecules with unshared electron pairs, CO, CS, NO, CO 2 , CS 2 , NH 3 , H 2 O, amines, ethers, alkylnitriles, isocyanides, and derivatives thereof It may be to include one selected from the group consisting of, but may not be limited thereto.
- coordination bond refers to a bond when the electrons forming the bond are formally provided only from one atom, considering only one of the two atoms involved in the bond.
- a bond is formed between a central metal in the center of a coordination compound, such as a complex, and a ligand in the vicinity of the coordination compound.
- a first aspect of the present application provides a method for depositing a tungsten-containing film using a tungsten compound, comprising contacting a substrate comprising a tungsten compound represented by the following formula (1) to a substrate surface:
- R 1 to R 6 each independently include H or a C 1-5 alkyl group
- L includes acyclic or cyclic neutral ligand of 0 to 5 carbon atoms containing one to three nitrogen or oxygen.
- the C 1-5 alkyl group is a methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, iso-propyl group, n-butyl group, iso-butyl group, sec-butyl group, tert-butyl group, n-pentyl group, iso-pentyl group, sec-pentyl group, tert-pentyl group, neo-pentyl group, 3-pentyl group, and may include those selected from the group consisting of isomers thereof, but is not limited thereto. You may not.
- L may be one selected from the group consisting of carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen monoxide (NO), and acetonitrile (CH 3 CN), but may not be limited thereto. .
- the tungsten compound is W (CO) (HC ⁇ CH) 3 , W (CO) (CH 3 C ⁇ CCH 3 ) 3 , W (CO) (CH 3 CH 2 C ⁇ CCH 2 CH 3 ) 3 , W (CO) (CH 3 (CH 2 ) 2 C ⁇ C (CH 2 ) 2 CH 3 ) 3 , W (CO) (HC ⁇ CCH 3 ) 3 , W (CO) (HC ⁇ CCH 2 CH 3 ) 3 , W (CO) (HC ⁇ C (CH 2 ) 2 CH 3 ) 3 , W (CO) (HC ⁇ C (CH 2 ) 3 CH 3 ) 3 , W (CO) (HC ⁇ C (CH 2 ) 4 CH 3 ) 3 , W (CO) (CH 3 C ⁇ CCH 2 CH 3 ) 3 , W (CO) (CH 3 C ⁇ C (CH 2 ) 2 CH 3 ) 3 , W (CO ) (CH 3 C ⁇ C (CH 2 ) 3 CH 3 ) 3 , W (CO ) (CH 3
- the gas containing the tungsten compound may further include a stabilizer for inhibiting thermal decomposition of the tungsten compound, but may not be limited thereto.
- the stabilizer may act to suppress thermal decomposition of the tungsten compound by inhibiting the polymerization reaction of alkyne contained in the tungsten compound.
- the stabilizer may be used without particular limitations inhibitors commonly used to inhibit such alkane polymerization reaction, for example, the stabilizer, benzoquinone, tetramethylbenzoquinone, chloranyl ( chloranil, 2,3,5,6-tetrachloro-1,4-benzoquinone), 4-tert-butylcatechol, and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil (2 , 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) may be included, but may not be limited thereto.
- inhibitors commonly used to inhibit such alkane polymerization reaction for example, the stabilizer, benzoquinone, tetramethylbenzoquinone, chloranyl ( chloranil, 2,3,5,6-tetrachloro-1,4-benzoquinone), 4-tert-butylcatechol, and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil (2 , 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) may be included, but may not be limited thereto.
- the gas including the tungsten compound when the gas including the tungsten compound further includes a stabilizer that suppresses thermal decomposition of the tungsten compound, it may have better vaporization characteristics at a lower temperature than when the gas does not include the stabilizer. It is possible to significantly reduce the amount of pyrolysis product remaining without evaporation when the temperature is raised.
- the tungsten compound according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention is a complex connected between the tungsten center metal and the ligand by a weak coordination bond, the ligand may be degraded even at a relatively low temperature, thereby lowering the deposition temperature. .
- the neutral ligand (L) and the alkyne separated from the tungsten center metal are easily removed from the reaction chamber through vacuum exhaust, they may not remain in the tungsten-containing film in which impurities such as carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen are formed. .
- depositing the tungsten-containing film comprises hydrogen gas, ammonia gas, oxygen (O 2 ) gas or ozone simultaneously or alternately with contacting the substrate containing the tungsten derivative compound to the substrate.
- O 3 may further include contacting the reaction gas containing the gas to the substrate, but may not be limited thereto.
- the deposition of the tungsten-containing film may include, but is not limited to, those performed by organometallic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) or atomic layer deposition (ALD).
- MOCVD organometallic chemical vapor deposition
- ALD atomic layer deposition
- the reaction gas in addition to contacting the tungsten compound-containing gas to the substrate, the reaction gas may be contacted to the substrate to form a tungsten-containing film on the substrate surface.
- ALD atomic layer deposition
- CVD chemical vapor deposition
- the tungsten compound-containing gas uses a known method such as bubbling, gas phase flow control method, direct liquid injection method, or liquid transfer method. It may be in contact with the surface of the substrate.
- the reaction gas used in the ALD and CVD method is a semiconductor such as hydrogen (H 2 ) gas, ammonia (NH 3 ) gas, oxygen (O 2 ) gas, ozone (O 3 ) gas
- the gas used in the process may be used to form a tungsten-containing film, but may not be limited thereto.
- a tungsten metal film containing less impurities may be formed.
- a tungsten oxide film may be formed, but may not be limited thereto.
- a second aspect of the present application provides a tungsten-containing film precursor composition comprising a tungsten compound represented by the following formula (1):
- R 1 to R 6 each independently include H or a C 1-5 alkyl group
- L includes acyclic or cyclic neutral ligand of 0 to 5 carbon atoms containing one to three nitrogen or oxygen.
- the C 1-5 alkyl group is a methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, iso-propyl group, n-butyl group, iso-butyl group, sec-butyl group, tert-butyl group, n-pentyl group, iso-pentyl group, sec-pentyl group, tert-pentyl group, neo-pentyl group, 3-pentyl group, and may include those selected from the group consisting of isomers thereof, but is not limited thereto. You may not.
- L may be one selected from the group consisting of carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen monoxide (NO), and acetonitrile (CH 3 CN), but may not be limited thereto. .
- Tungsten compound according to an embodiment of the present application, W (CO) (HC ⁇ CH) 3 , W (CO) (CH 3 C ⁇ CCH 3 ) 3 , W (CO) (CH 3 CH 2 C ⁇ CCH 2 CH 3 ) 3 , W (CO) (CH 3 (CH 2 ) 2 C ⁇ C (CH 2 ) 2 CH 3 ) 3 , W (CO) (HC ⁇ CCH 3 ) 3 , W (CO) (HC ⁇ CCH 2 CH 3 ) 3 , W (CO) (HC ⁇ C (CH 2 ) 2 CH 3 ) 3 , W (CO) (HC ⁇ C (CH 2 ) 3 CH 3 ) 3 , W (CO) (HC ⁇ C ( CH 2 ) 4 CH 3 ) 3 , W (CO) (CH 3 C ⁇ CCH 2 CH 3 ) 3 , W (CO) (CH 3 C ⁇ C (CH 2 ) 2 CH 3 ) 3 , W (CO) (CH 3 C ⁇ C (CH 2 ) 3 CH 3 ) 3 , W (
- forming the film by using the precursor composition for depositing a tungsten-containing film comprising the tungsten compound includes that performed by organometallic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) or atomic layer deposition (ALD) It may be, but may not be limited thereto.
- MOCVD organometallic chemical vapor deposition
- ALD atomic layer deposition
- the precursor composition for tungsten-containing film deposition may further include a stabilizer for inhibiting thermal decomposition of the tungsten compound, but may not be limited thereto.
- the stabilizer is to inhibit the polymerization of the alkane, and can be used without particular limitation inhibitors commonly used to inhibit the polymerization reaction, for example, benzoquinone (benzoquinone), tetramethylbenzo Quinone (tetramethylbenzoquinone), chloranil (2,3,5,6-tetrachloro-1,4-benzoquinone), 4-tert-butylcatechol, 2,2-diphenyl-1 It may include, but is not limited to -picrylhydrazyl (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl).
- the tungsten-containing film deposition precursor composition according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a stabilizer, it may have better vaporization properties at a lower temperature than does not include a stabilizer, and does not evaporate when the temperature is increased. Can significantly reduce the amount of pyrolysis product remaining.
- the tungsten-containing film deposition precursor composition according to the embodiment of the present application includes the stabilizer
- a stabilizer having a similar degree of volatilization to the tungsten compound may be used.
- the tungsten compound and the stabilizer are volatilized at the same ratio as the composition of the precursor composition solution, the composition of the precursor composition is kept relatively constant while the volatilization of the precursor composition proceeds.
- the tungsten compound includes W (CO) (CH 3 CH 2 C ⁇ CCH 2 CH 3 ) 3
- the stabilizer comprises 4-tert-butylcatechol. It may be, but may not be limited thereto.
- the second aspect of the present disclosure relates to a precursor composition for depositing a tungsten-containing film including a tungsten compound, and detailed descriptions of portions overlapping with the first aspect of the present disclosure are omitted, but descriptions of the first aspect of the present disclosure are provided. Is equally applicable even if the description is omitted in the second aspect of the present application.
- the tungsten precursor compound, tris (3-hexine) carbonyl tungsten [W (CO) (CH 3 CH 2 C ⁇ CCH 2 CH 3 ) 3 ] was obtained by synthesis according to known methods [Journal of the American Chemical Society (1963). ), 85 (14), 2174].
- the tungsten precursor compound obtained was subjected to thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry analysis, and the results are shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
- FIG. 1 is a thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) graph of a tungsten compound prepared according to this example
- FIG. 2 is a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) graph of a tungsten compound prepared according to this example.
- the substrate may be a silicon (Si) wafer, a wafer coated with a silicon oxide (SiO 2 ) film on the silicon substrate with a thickness of 100 nm, a wafer coated with a silicon nitride (SiN) film on a silicon substrate with a thickness of 50 nm, and titanium nitride (TiN) on the silicon substrate.
- Si silicon
- SiO 2 silicon oxide
- SiN silicon nitride
- TiN titanium nitride
- a wafer was used, each of which was coated with a film thickness of 50 nm.
- the temperature of the substrate was heated to 325 °C and 350 °C, respectively, and the compound obtained in Preparation Example 1 contained a stainless steel container (stainless steel) of the container at a temperature of 70 °C while heating the vessel at a flow rate of 60 sccm
- the compound obtained in Preparation Example 1 was vaporized using an argon gas having a gas as a carrier gas.
- the process pressure of the reactor in which gas flowed in a direction horizontal to the flat surface of the substrate was adjusted to 0.5 torr, and the tungsten precursor gas and hydrogen gas were alternately contacted with the substrate placed in the atomic layer deposition chamber.
- the hydrogen gas was flowed at 60 sccm.
- the cross section of the tungsten-containing film formed after repeating the gas supply cycle of 20 seconds-> Ar gas supply 10 seconds-> hydrogen gas supply 10 seconds-> Ar gas supply 10 seconds obtained in Preparation Example 1 was repeated 300 times. Observation was made with an electron microscope (SEM), and the results are shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
- FIGS. 3A-3D are cross-sectional scanning electron microscopy images of tungsten-containing films formed at a temperature of 325 ° C. of the substrate according to this embodiment
- FIGS. 4A-4D are temperatures 350 of the substrate according to this embodiment.
- a cross-sectional scanning electron microscope image of the films formed at < RTI ID 0.0 >
- a tungsten-containing film having a generally flat surface was obtained on silicon, silicon oxide, silicon nitride, and titanium nitride substrates at the temperatures of 325 ° C and 350 ° C of the substrate, respectively. .
- the temperature of the silicon (Si) substrate was heated to 350 ° C. and the tungsten compound W (CO) (CH 3 CH 2 C ⁇ CCH 2 CH 3 ) 3 obtained in Preparation Example 1 was placed in a stainless steel container at 70 ° C.
- the tungsten-containing compound obtained in Preparation Example 1 was vaporized using argon gas having a flow rate of 60 sccm as a carrier gas while heating the vessel at temperature.
- the working pressure of the reactor was adjusted to 0.5 torr, and the tungsten compound gas and hydrogen gas or ammonia gas obtained in Preparation Example 1 were alternately contacted with the silicon substrate placed in the same reactor as Example 1.
- the hydrogen gas or the ammonia gas was flowed at a flow rate of 500 sccm.
- the tungsten-containing film was formed by repeating the gas supply cycle of the compound gas supply 10 seconds-> Ar gas supply 10 seconds-> hydrogen gas or ammonia gas supply 20 seconds-> Ar gas supply 10 seconds obtained in Preparation Example 1 above 300 times. It was. Thereafter, the content of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and tungsten according to the depth of the formed tungsten-containing film was analyzed using an OJ spectrometer, and the results are shown in FIGS. 5 and 6.
- FIG. 5 is a result of Auger analysis of a tungsten-containing film formed using hydrogen (H 2 ) gas at a temperature of 350 ° C. of the substrate according to the present embodiment
- FIG. 6 is described according to the present embodiment.
- NH 3 ammonia
- Example 3 Thermogravimetric Analysis of Tungsten-Containing Precursor Compositions for Deposition of Tungsten-Containing Films Containing W (CO) (CH 3 CH 2 C ⁇ CCH 2 CH 3 ) 3 With 4-tert-butylcatechol (TBC) Stabilizer TGA)
- the tungsten compound W (CO) (CH 3 CH 2 C ⁇ CCH 2 CH 3 ) 3 prepared in Preparation Example 1 was 4-tert-butylcatechol (TBC). ) was subjected to thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of a tungsten-containing film deposition precursor composition.
- T 1/2 temperature corresponding to reaching 1/2 weight of the original sample at weight reduction with temperature
- T 1/2 Is 7 ° C lower than T 1/2 (212 ° C) of 205 ° C without TBC.
- the residual amount after evaporation of the precursor composition for deposition of a tungsten-containing film including the TBC stabilizer was 10.18%, which was significantly reduced compared to that of 16.96%.
- the precursor composition for deposition of tungsten-containing film containing a TBC stabilizer has better vaporization properties at lower temperatures and the amount of pyrolysis products remaining without evaporation at elevated temperatures is significantly reduced. You can see that. Therefore, when using the tungsten-containing film deposition precursor composition further including the stabilizer to form a tungsten-containing film on the substrate by CVD or ALD method, the composition is thermally stable to form a tungsten compound precursor. It can transport well to the surface more efficiently.
- a tungsten-containing film can be formed using the same method as in Examples 1 and 2, except that the precursor composition is contained.
- the container made of stainless steel containing the precursor composition may be heated to a temperature of 70 ° C. as in Examples 1 and 2, or may be heated to a temperature selected from a range of about 63 ° C. to about 70 ° C., which is lower than this. It may not be limited.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (15)
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 L은 일산화탄소 (CO), 일산화질소 (NO), 및 아세토나이트릴 (CH3CN)로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 것을 포함하는 것인, 텅스텐-함유 막의 증착 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 텅스텐 화합물은,W(CO)(HC≡CH)3, W(CO)(CH3C≡CCH3)3, W(CO)(CH3CH2C≡CCH2CH3)3, W(CO)(CH3(CH2)2C≡C(CH2)2CH3)3, W(CO)(HC≡CCH3)3, W(CO)(HC≡CCH2CH3)3, W(CO)(HC≡C(CH2)2CH3)3, W(CO)(HC≡C(CH2)3CH3)3, W(CO)(HC≡C(CH2)4CH3)3, W(CO)(CH3C≡CCH2CH3)3, W(CO)(CH3C≡C(CH2)2CH3)3, W(CO)(CH3C≡C(CH2)3CH3)3, W(CO)(CH3CH2C≡C(CH2)2CH3)3, W(CO)(HC≡CCH(CH3)2)3, W(CO)(HC≡CC(CH3)3)3, W(CO)(HC≡C(CH2CH(CH3)2)3, W(NO)(HC≡CH)3, W(NO)(CH3C≡CCH3)3, W(NO)(CH3CH2C≡CCH2CH3)3, W(NO)(CH3(CH2)2C≡C(CH2)2CH3)3, W(NO)(HC≡CCH3)3, W(NO)(HC≡CCH2CH3)3, W(NO)(HC≡C(CH2)2CH3)3, W(NO)(HC≡C(CH2)3CH3)3, W(NO)(HC≡C(CH2)4CH3)3, W(NO)(CH3C≡CCH2CH3)3, W(NO)(CH3C≡C(CH2)2CH3)3, W(NO)(CH3C≡C(CH2)3CH3)3, W(NO)(CH3CH2C≡C(CH2)2CH3)3, W(NO)(HC≡CCH(CH3)2)3, W(NO)(HC≡CC(CH3)3)3, W(NO)(HC≡C(CH2CH(CH3)2)3, W(CH3CN)(HC≡CH)3, W(CH3CN)(CH3C≡CCH3)3, W(CH3CN)(CH3CH2C≡CCH2CH3)3, W(CH3CN)(CH3(CH2)2C≡C(CH2)2CH3)3, W(CH3CN)(HC≡CCH3)3, W(CH3CN)(HC≡CCH2CH3)3, W(CH3CN)(HC≡C(CH2)2CH3)3, W(CH3CN)(HC≡C(CH2)3CH3)3, W(CH3CN)(HC≡C(CH2)4CH3)3, W(CH3CN)(CH3C≡CCH2CH3)3, W(CH3CN)(CH3C≡C(CH2)2CH3)3, W(CH3CN)(CH3C≡C(CH2)3CH3)3, W(CH3CN)(CH3CH2C≡C(CH2)2CH3)3, W(CH3CN)(HC≡CCH(CH3)2)3, W(CH3CN)(HC≡CC(CH3)3)3, 및 W(CH3CN)(HC≡C(CH2CH(CH3)2)3로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 것을 포함하는 것인, 텅스텐-함유 막의 증착 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 텅스텐 화합물이 W(CO)(CH3CH2C≡CCH2CH3)3를 포함하는 것인, 텅스텐-함유 막의 증착 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 텅스텐-함유 막을 증착하는 것은, 상기 텅스텐 유도체 화합물을 포함하는 기체를 상기 기재에 접촉시킴과 동시에 또는 교대로 수소 기체 암모니아 기체, 산소 기체 또는 오존 기체를 함유하는 반응 기체를 상기 기재에 접촉시키는 것을 추가 포함하는, 텅스텐-함유 막의 증착 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 텅스텐-함유 막을 증착하는 것은, 유기금속 화학기상증착법 (MOCVD) 또는 원자층 증착법 (ALD)에 의하여 수행되는 것을 포함하는 것인, 텅스텐-함유 막의 증착 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 텅스텐 화합물을 포함하는 기체가 상기 텅스텐 화합물의 열분해를 억제하는 안정제를 추가 포함하는 것인, 텅스텐-함유 막의 증착 방법.
- 7 항에 있어서,상기 안정제는, 벤조퀴논 (benzoquinone), 테트라메틸벤조퀴논 (tetramethylbenzoquinone), 클로라닐 (chloranil, 2,3,5,6-tetrachloro-1,4-benzoquinone), 4-tert-부틸카테콜 (4-tert-butylcatechol), 및 2,2-다이페닐-1-피크릴하이드라질(2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) 로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 것을 포함하는 것인, 텅스텐-함유 막의 증착 방법.
- 제 9 항에 있어서,상기 L은 일산화탄소 (CO), 일산화질소 (NO), 및 아세토나이트릴 (CH3CN)로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 것을 포함하는 것인, 텅스텐-함유 막 증착용 전구체 조성물.
- 제 9 항에 있어서,상기 텅스텐 화합물은,W(CO)(HC≡CH)3, W(CO)(CH3C≡CCH3)3, W(CO)(CH3CH2C≡CCH2CH3)3, W(CO)(CH3(CH2)2C≡C(CH2)2CH3)3, W(CO)(HC≡CCH3)3, W(CO)(HC≡CCH2CH3)3, W(CO)(HC≡C(CH2)2CH3)3, W(CO)(HC≡C(CH2)3CH3)3, W(CO)(HC≡C(CH2)4CH3)3, W(CO)(CH3C≡CCH2CH3)3, W(CO)(CH3C≡C(CH2)2CH3)3, W(CO)(CH3C≡C(CH2)3CH3)3, W(CO)(CH3CH2C≡C(CH2)2CH3)3, W(CO)(HC≡CCH(CH3)2)3, W(CO)(HC≡CC(CH3)3)3, W(CO)(HC≡C(CH2CH(CH3)2)3, W(NO)(HC≡CH)3, W(NO)(CH3C≡CCH3)3, W(NO)(CH3CH2C≡CCH2CH3)3, W(NO)(CH3(CH2)2C≡C(CH2)2CH3)3, W(NO)(HC≡CCH3)3, W(NO)(HC≡CCH2CH3)3, W(NO)(HC≡C(CH2)2CH3)3, W(NO)(HC≡C(CH2)3CH3)3, W(NO)(HC≡C(CH2)4CH3)3, W(NO)(CH3C≡CCH2CH3)3, W(NO)(CH3C≡C(CH2)2CH3)3, W(NO)(CH3C≡C(CH2)3CH3)3, W(NO)(CH3CH2C≡C(CH2)2CH3)3, W(NO)(HC≡CCH(CH3)2)3, W(NO)(HC≡CC(CH3)3)3, W(NO)(HC≡C(CH2CH(CH3)2)3, W(CH3CN)(HC≡CH)3, W(CH3CN)(CH3C≡CCH3)3, W(CH3CN)(CH3CH2C≡CCH2CH3)3, W(CH3CN)(CH3(CH2)2C≡C(CH2)2CH3)3, W(CH3CN)(HC≡CCH3)3, W(CH3CN)(HC≡CCH2CH3)3, W(CH3CN)(HC≡C(CH2)2CH3)3, W(CH3CN)(HC≡C(CH2)3CH3)3, W(CH3CN)(HC≡C(CH2)4CH3)3, W(CH3CN)(CH3C≡CCH2CH3)3, W(CH3CN)(CH3C≡C(CH2)2CH3)3, W(CH3CN)(CH3C≡C(CH2)3CH3)3, W(CH3CN)(CH3CH2C≡C(CH2)2CH3)3, W(CH3CN)(HC≡CCH(CH3)2)3, W(CH3CN)(HC≡CC(CH3)3)3, 및 W(CH3CN)(HC≡C(CH2CH(CH3)2)3로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 것을 포함하는 것인, 텅스텐-함유 막 증착용 전구체 조성물.
- 제 9 항에 있어서,상기 텅스텐 화합물이 W(CO)(CH3CH2C≡CCH2CH3)3를 포함하는 것인, 텅스텐-함유 막 증착용 전구체 조성물.
- 제 9 항에 있어서,상기 텅스텐 화합물의 열분해를 억제하는 안정제를 추가 포함하는, 텅스텐-함유 막 증착용 전구체 조성물.
- 제 13 항에 있어서,상기 안정제는, 벤조퀴논 (benzoquinone), 테트라메틸벤조퀴논 (tetramethylbenzoquinone), 클로라닐 (chloranil, 2,3,5,6-tetrachloro-1,4-benzoquinone), 4-tert-부틸카테콜 (4-tert-butylcatechol), 및 2,2-다이페닐-1-피크릴하이드라질(2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) 로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 것을 포함하는 것인, 텅스텐-함유 막 증착용 전구체 조성물.
- 제 13 항에 있어서,상기 텅스텐 화합물이 W(CO)(CH3CH2C≡CCH2CH3)3를 포함하고 상기 안정제가 4-tert-부틸카테콜 (4-tert-butylcatechol)을 포함하는 것인, 텅스텐-함유 막 증착용 전구체 조성물.
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US14/893,427 US20160122867A1 (en) | 2013-05-24 | 2014-05-26 | Deposition method for tungsten-containing film using tungsten compound, and precursor composition for depositing tungsten-containing film, comprising tungsten compound |
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KR20070073636A (ko) * | 2006-01-05 | 2007-07-10 | 하.체. 스타르크 게엠베하 운트 코. 카게 | 텅스텐 및 몰리브덴 화합물, 및 이들의 화학적증착법(cvd)에서의 용도 |
KR20090095546A (ko) * | 2006-09-28 | 2009-09-09 | 프랙스에어 테크놀로지, 인코포레이티드 | 유기금속 전구체 화합물 |
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