WO2014180841A2

WO2014180841A2 - Lagging segment and lagging system having a plurality of such lagging segments

Info

Publication number: WO2014180841A2
Application number: PCT/EP2014/059229
Authority: WO
Inventors: Manfred SCHNEPF
Original assignee: Peri Gmbh
Priority date: 2013-05-10
Filing date: 2014-05-06
Publication date: 2014-11-13
Also published as: DE102013104844A1; WO2014180841A3

Abstract

The invention relates to a lagging segment (10) for lagging a tunnel (12) with a curved tunnel cross section, comprising a plurality of longitudinal beams (14), which extend in a longitudinal direction of the tunnel (12) when in the installed state, a plurality of crossbeams (16), which extend transversely to the longitudinal direction, and an extensive lining (18), which has a curved cross section and is supported both on the longitudinal beams (14) and on the crossbeams (16), wherein the longitudinal beams (14) and the crossbeams (16) form a load-bearing substructure (20), which has lateral edge sections (22) and a middle section (24) therebetween when viewed in the longitudinal direction, wherein the lining (18) is connected rigidly to the substructure (20) in the middle section (24) and is radially adjustable relative to the crossbeams (16) in the edge sections (22). Furthermore, the invention comprises a lagging system having a plurality of such lagging segments (10).

Description

Formwork segment and formwork system with several such

formwork segments

The invention relates to a formwork segment for lining a tunnel with a curved tunnel cross-section, comprising a plurality of side members extending in the installed state in a longitudinal direction of the tunnel, a plurality of cross members extending transversely to the longitudinal direction, and a flat, curved cross-section formwork skin, which supported both on the longitudinal members and on the cross members, wherein the longitudinal members and the cross member form a supporting substructure, which seen in the longitudinal direction has lateral edge portions and an intermediate central portion. In order to be able to adapt the curvature of the formwork to different tunnel cross sections, DE 25 50 030 C2 describes a so-called "traveling formwork" whose supporting structure comprises a flexible formwork and adjusting devices for adapting the formwork curvature to different cross sections of a tunnel or tunnel Curvature of the formwork can be varied in the described support structure within wide limits, so that the use of migratory formwork is no longer limited to a specific tunnel or tunnel cross-section.

However, it has been found that the setting of a desired formwork skin curvature by means of the numerous adjusting devices is very time-consuming, which ultimately increases the costs for shingling the tunnel.

The object of the invention is a formwork segment for boarding a tunnel with a curved tunnel cross section and a formwork system with to provide a plurality of such formwork segments, wherein the formwork segment or the formwork system is easily and quickly adapted to different tunnel cross sections.

According to the invention this object is achieved by a formwork segment of the type mentioned, in which the formwork skin in the middle section rigidly connected to the substructure and is radially adjustable in the edge portions relative to the cross members. This restriction of the radial adjustability on peripheral sub-segments accelerates and simplifies the adaptation of the formwork segments to different tunnel cross-sections considerably. Due to the rigid attachment of the middle section of the formwork to the substructure, it is not possible to change the curvature in this area so that different formwork skin curves can result over the cross section. However, within the limits of cross-sectional changes of a tunnel which usually occur, these differences in curvature are so small that, given suitable positioning of the adjustable edge sections, they are visually hardly or not at all perceptible.

In one embodiment of the formwork segment, the longitudinal members are supported radially on the cross members, and the formwork skin rests against the longitudinal members, wherein the longitudinal members arranged in the middle portion of the substructure fixed in the radial direction fixed to the cross member and arranged in the edge portions of the substructure longitudinal member relative to Cross members are radially adjustable. Incidentally, the formwork skin is preferably fixed to the longitudinal members, so that the formwork segment forms a preassembled assembly, which is radially adjustable only at the edge with little effort. In a further embodiment of the formwork segment has a radial outer side of each cross member in the center portion of the substructure on a predetermined radius of curvature, wherein the formwork skin rests in the middle portion of the substructure on the cross member. The cross member thus forms in the middle section of the substructure an (additional) contact surface for the formwork, whereby the formwork skin bends less under load.

Preferably, the side members in the center portion of the substructure are received in a non-tilting manner in recesses of the cross member. Since the cross member thus already prevents tilting of the longitudinal members in the middle section of the substructure, additional measures for anti-tilting of the longitudinal members be waived. This contributes to a particularly simple and inexpensive construction of the formwork segment.

In the middle section of the substructure, a radial outside of the side members and a radial outside of the cross member are preferably substantially flush. In this way, the substructure forms in the center section of a particularly large contact surface for the formwork, which contributes to a low deflection of the formwork under load.

In a further embodiment of the formwork segment interchangeable spacers are provided in the edge portions of the substructure between a radial inner side of the longitudinal carrier and a radial outer side of the cross member. These spacers ensure in the edge sections on the one hand a reliable load transfer of the formwork in the substructure and on the other hand allow a simple radial adjustment of the formwork in the lateral edge portions of the substructure. Preferably, in the edge portions of the substructure, a longitudinal member, a spacer and a cross member are each releasably connected to each other.

Incidentally, the invention also relates to a formwork system for lining a tunnel with a curved tunnel cross-section, comprising a support frame, which is movable in a longitudinal direction of the tunnel, as well as a plurality of above-mentioned formwork segments, which are supported on the support frame, wherein the support frame, a mounting grid for variable attachment the shuttering segments has. Due to this flexible mounting grid, the support frame can be maintained at an adaptation of the formwork segments to different tunnel cross-sections. Overall, this leads to a formwork system that can be easily and quickly adapted to different tunnel cross sections with little effort.

In one embodiment of the formwork system a plurality of connecting elements are provided for fastening the formwork segments on the support frame, which fix the cross member of the formwork segments on the support frame.

The connecting elements in this case preferably comprise perforated plates, wherein a hole pattern of the perforated plates is matched to the mounting grid of the supporting framework. In this way, the perforated plates with little effort on the variable Attach supporting framework and can usually be maintained in the event of adaptation of the formwork system to a modified tunnel cross-section.

Alternatively or additionally, the connecting elements may comprise perforated plates and the cross members have a fastening grid, wherein a hole pattern of the perforated plates is matched to the mounting grid of the cross member. This leads to a variety of mounting options, so that the perforated plates usually do not need to be replaced when adapting the formwork system to different tunnel cross-sections, but can be maintained. The connecting elements may further comprise supports with adjustable support length. Due to their adjustability, the supports can also be adapted flexibly to different tunnel cross sections so that replacement is not necessary or only in the case of major changes in the tunnel cross section.

The cross members of two circumferentially adjacent formwork segments are preferably pivotally connected to each other. This joint allows a relative movement of circumferentially adjacent formwork segments, which is necessary for adaptation of the formwork system to different tunnel cross-sections. However, a time-consuming, complete realignment of the adjacent shuttering segments relative to each other is not required due to the existing hinge connection.

In one embodiment of the formwork system adjacent longitudinal members of two circumferentially adjacent shuttering segments are firmly connected. This leads to a firm, substantially tight connection of the adjacent shuttering segments and prevents or minimizes undesirable leakage of, for example, concrete milk of the concrete or other filling material adjacent to the shuttering skin.

Incidentally, a cover plate, which extends in the longitudinal direction and bears substantially tightly against the formwork skins of the two formwork segments, can be arranged between two formwork segments adjacent in the circumferential direction. If, when adapting the formwork system to different tunnel cross-sections, a gap arises between the formwork segments adjacent in the circumferential direction, such a cover plate can be used to prevent undesired leakage of, for example, concrete milk from the formwork. Prevent or minimize the concrete or other filling material with little effort.

Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of a preferred embodiment with reference to the drawings. In these show:

- Figure 1 is a side view of a formwork segment according to the invention;

FIG. 2 shows a side view of a formwork system according to the invention adapted to a first cross-sectional geometry;

FIG. 3 shows the side view of the formwork system according to FIG. 2 adapted to a second cross-sectional geometry;

FIG. 4 shows the side view of the formwork system according to FIG. 2, adapted to a third cross-sectional geometry; and

FIG. 5 shows a cross section through a tunnel, which is enclosed by the formwork system according to FIGS. 2 to 4. 1 shows a formwork segment 10 for lining a tunnel 12 with a curved tunnel cross-section (see FIG. 5), comprising a plurality of side members 14 which extend in the installed state in a longitudinal direction of the tunnel 12, a plurality of cross members 16 which extend transversely to the longitudinal direction, and a flat, curved in cross section formwork skin 18, which is supported both on the longitudinal members 14 and on the cross members 16. The longitudinal members 14 and the cross member 16 form a supporting substructure 20, which seen in the longitudinal direction has lateral edge portions 22 and an intermediate central portion 24. The formwork skin 18 is rigidly connected to the substructure 20 in the middle section 24 and radially adjustable in the edge sections 22 relative to the cross members 16 of the substructure 20.

In the illustrated embodiment, the side members 14 are supported radially on the cross members 16, wherein the arranged in the central portion 24 of the substructure 20 longitudinal beams 14 fixed in the radial direction fixedly secured to the cross member 16 and arranged in the edge portions 22 of the substructure 20 longitudinal member 14 relative to the cross member 16 are radially adjustable. The formwork skin 18, which is for example a flexible sheet metal, in particular a flexible sheet steel, bears against the longitudinal members 14. In particular, the formwork skin 18 is applied to all longitudinal members 14 of the formwork segment 10, that is, both of the in the middle section 24 of Substructure 20 arranged longitudinal beams 14 as well as on the arranged in the edge portions 22 of the substructure 20 longitudinal beams 14,

According to Figure 1, the formwork skin 18 in the center portion 24 of the substructure 20 also on the cross members 16, wherein a radial outer side 26 of each cross member 16 in this central portion 24 has a predetermined radius of curvature r. This radius of curvature r is preferably designed for a tunnel cross-section of "medium size" and can accordingly both be increased and reduced in the edge sections 22 of the substructure 20. Furthermore, the cross members 16 in the middle section 24 of the substructure 20 have recesses 28 in which the longitudinal members 14 The radial outer side 26 of the cross member 16 has, in particular due to the recesses 28 and the predetermined curvature in the central portion 24 a geometrically complex contour, which is why the radial outer side 26 of the cross member 16 is preferably made by laser cutting.

The radial outer side 26 of the cross member 16 and a radial outer side 30 of the longitudinal members 14 are in the middle portion 24 of the substructure 20 is substantially flush, so that the largest possible contact surface for the formwork skin 18 results. In order to realize the desired radial adjustability of the formwork skin 18 relative to the cross members 16 with little effort, interchangeable spacers 34 are provided in the edge portions 22 of the substructure 20 between the radial outside 26 of the cross members 16 and a radial inside 32 of the side members 14. As spacers 34 are, for example, sheet metal plates with different thickness, that is, different radial dimensions used. Depending on the plate thickness, the radial position of the longitudinal members 14 changes in the edge portions 22 of the substructure 20, as indicated in Figure 1. To set a desired distance, of course, the number of metal plates can be varied alternatively or in addition to the plate thickness. A radial displacement of the longitudinal members 14 by the spacers 34 leads to a change in the radius of curvature of the formwork skin 18 in the edge portions 22 of the substructure 20. Preferred are the radius of curvature r of the formwork skin 18 in the center portion 24 of the substructure 20 and the exchangeable spacers 34 in the edge portions 22nd the substructure 20 is coordinated so that the predetermined radius of curvature r in Center portion 24 represents a "medium" radius of curvature, which can be both increased in the edge portions 22 by suitable spacers 34 and reduced.

Preferably, in the edge portions 22 of the substructure 20, a longitudinal member 14, at least one associated spacer 34 and an adjacent cross member 16 are each releasably connected to each other, which is exemplified in Figure 1 for a longitudinal member 14 by a screw 36. The fixed connection prevents slippage of the individual components relative to each other and thus ensures reliable load transfer. At the same time, due to its solvability, the connection also enables a simple exchange of the spacers 34 and thus a rapid adaptation of the formwork segment 10 to different tunnel cross sections. Adjacent to the longitudinal members 14 20 connecting plates 37 are provided according to Figure 1 in the edge portions 22 of the substructure 37, which are fixed to the cross member 16, in particular welded to the cross member 16. About this connection plates 37, the spacers 34 and the side members 14, for example, by a screw, with little effort on the cross member 16 releasably secure.

FIGS. 2 to 4 show a formwork system 38 for lining a tunnel 12 with a curved tunnel cross-section, comprising a support frame 40 which is movable in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel 12, and several, in particular exactly five, of the formwork segments 10 described above, which overlap the support frame 40 support. In this case, the support frame 40 has a fastening grid for the variable fastening of the shuttering segments 10, so that the shuttering system 38 can be adapted very quickly to different tunnel cross sections with little effort. To illustrate this, the formwork system 38 is shown in Figures 2 to 4 in three different switching positions. Thus, the formwork system 38 according to FIG. 2 is adapted to large tunnel cross sections, according to FIG. 3 to mean tunnel cross sections and according to FIG. 4 to small tunnel cross sections. For example only and to suggest the order of magnitude, a tunnel width B according to FIG. 2 may be about 7.5 m, according to FIG. 3 about 6.5 m and according to FIG. 4 about 5.9 m.

For fastening the formwork segments 10 on the support frame 40, a plurality of connecting elements are provided according to the figures 2 to 4, which fix the cross member 16 of the formwork segments 10 on the support frame 40. The adaptation of the formwork system 38 to different tunnel cross-sections takes place essentially By contrast, the frame-shaped support frame 40 remains largely unchanged, so that a total of rapid cross-sectional adaptation of the formwork system 38 is possible. The fasteners for fastening the formwork segments 10 on the support frame 40 in this case comprise a plurality of perforated plates 42, wherein a hole pattern of the perforated plates 42 is matched to the mounting grid of the support frame 40. In the present embodiment, the cross member 16 of the formwork segments 10 have a fixing grid for the connecting elements, wherein a hole pattern of the perforated plates 42 is also matched to the mounting grid of the cross member 16. This coordination of the hole pattern of the perforated plates 42 with the mounting grid of the support frame 40 and / or the mounting grid of the cross member 16 allows a very variable use of the perforated plates 42, which can thus be used in different mounting positions for different sound positions and tunnel cross sections.

The fasteners for securing the formwork segments 10 on the support frame 40 also include supports 44 with adjustable support length. The supports 44 are designed, for example, as spindles and, because of their adjustable length, do not have to be exchanged for every cross-sectional adaptation of the formwork system 38, but can be used variably within certain limits.

In order to further simplify the adaptation of the formwork system 38 to different tunnel cross sections, the cross members 16 of two circumferentially 46 adjacent formwork segments 10 are pivotally connected to each other. At joints that must provide a large swing angle especially when stripping the concrete tunnel 12, joints 48 are provided for this purpose in Figures 2 to 4. At joints that only need to provide a comparatively small pivoting angle for adjusting the formwork segments 10 to each other, the pivotal connection of adjacent formwork segments 10 is realized by perforated plates 50 having at least one slot 52 to allow a certain Verschwenkbar- speed of the adjacent shuttering segments 10 ,

After setting the formwork segments 10 to each other they are rigidly connected together to achieve the desired stability. For sealing two circumferentially 46 adjacent formwork segments 10, a cover plate 54 may be provided from a certain gap width, which extends in the longitudinal direction and is substantially tight against the formwork skins 18 of the two formwork segments 10. Such a cover plate 54 is indicated in Figure 4 and anchored radially inwardly to prevent unwanted displacement of the cover plate 54.

The peripheral formwork elements are also referred to as wall segments, and the remaining, middle formwork elements 10 as vault segments. In particular, gaps are possible between the two vertically uppermost wall segments and the adjacent, so to speak, first arched segment, since the wall segments have to be folded inward toward the end shells. In particular, in this transition cover plates 54 are available.

Between the other segments, a gap-free transition between the formwork segments 10 can be achieved with a suitable design.

If the gap widths between two sealing segments 10 adjacent in the circumferential direction 46 are very small, the use of cover plates 54 is not necessary and, under certain circumstances, is not at all possible due to the lack of installation space for the back-anchoring. In these cases, adjoining longitudinal members 14 of two circumferentially 46 adjacent formwork segments 10 fixed (but releasably) connected to each other, in particular braced together to ensure a high density in the joint area. Such a connection of two adjacent side members 14 is indicated in Figures 2 and 4 by a screw 56. The connection between a wall segment and a vault segment is preferably carried out by a joint 48 in order to be able to provide large pivoting angles between the formwork segments 10. When stripping can then first fold the wall segments inward before the entire formwork system 38 is lowered. Furthermore, in the areas of the articulated connection between a wall segment and a vault segment, the cover plates 54 are preferably also used in order to seal the formwork system 38.

FIG. 5 shows the formwork system 38 in the switching position according to FIG. 4, installed in a tunnel 12. It becomes clear that the frame-shaped support stand 40 is movable on rollers or rails 58 in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel 12 and also provides a free cross section for a truck 60. This truck 60 can be used for example for material transport, but also for moving the formwork system 38 in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel 12.

Consequently, the shuttering system 38 described can be easily offset in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel 12 with a plurality of shuttering segments 10 shown in FIG. 1, and also permits efficient tunneling of the tunnel 12, even with variable tunnel cross sections.

LIST OF REFERENCES

10 formwork segment

12 tunnels

14 side members

16 cross members

18 formlining

20 substructure

22 edge sections

24 middle section

26 outside

28 recess

30 outside

32 inside

34 spacers

36 screw connection

37 connection plate

38 Formwork system 40 Shoring

42 perforated plate

44 support

46 circumferential direction

48 joint

50 perforated sheet

52 slot

54 Cover plate

56 screw connection

58 rail

60 trucks r Radius of curvature

B tunnel width

Claims

claims

1 . Laying segment for lining a tunnel (12) with a curved tunnel cross-section, comprising

a plurality of side rails (14) extending in the installed state in a longitudinal direction of the tunnel (12),

a plurality of cross members (16) which extend transversely to the longitudinal direction, and a flat, curved in cross section formwork skin (18) which is supported both on the longitudinal members (14) and on the cross members (16),

wherein the longitudinal members (14) and the cross members (16) form a load-bearing substructure (20) which has lateral edge portions (22) in the longitudinal direction and an intermediate middle portion (24) therebetween,

characterized in that the formwork skin (18) in the central portion (24) rigidly connected to the substructure (20) and in the edge portions (22) relative to the transverse beams (16) is radially adjustable.

Second formwork segment according to claim, characterized in that the longitudinal members (14) are supported radially on the cross members (16) and the formwork skin

(18) on the longitudinal members (14) rests, wherein in the central portion (24) of the substructure (20) arranged longitudinal members (14) are fixed in the radial direction fixed to the cross members (16), and wherein in the edge portions (22). the substructure (20) arranged longitudinal carrier (14) relative to the cross members (16) are radially adjustable.

3. formwork segment according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a radial outer side (26) of each cross member (16) in the central portion (24) of the substructure (20) has a predetermined radius of curvature (r) and the formwork skin (18) in the middle section ( 24) of the substructure (20) on the cross member (16).

4. formwork segment according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the longitudinal members (14) in the middle portion (24) of the substructure (20) are received in a non-tilting manner in recesses (28) of the cross member (16).

5. Shuttering segment according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the middle section (24) of the substructure (20) has a Radial outer side (30) of the side members (14) and a radial outer side (26) of the cross member (16) are substantially flush.

6. Shuttering segment according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the edge portions (22) of the substructure (20) between a radial inner side (32) of the longitudinal members (14) and a radial outer side (26) of the cross member (16) exchangeable spacers (34) are provided.

7. Shuttering segment according to claim 6, characterized in that in the edge portions (22) of the substructure (20), a longitudinal member (14), a spacer (34) and a cross member (16) are releasably connected to each other.

8. Formwork system for lining a tunnel (12) with a curved tunnel cross-section, comprising

a support frame (40) which is movable in a longitudinal direction of the tunnel (12) and

a plurality of formwork segments (10) according to one of the preceding claims, which are supported on the support framework (40),

wherein the support frame (40) has a fixing grid for the variable attachment of the formwork segments (10).

9. Formwork system according to claim 8, characterized in that for fastening the formwork segments (10) on the support frame (40) a plurality of connecting elements are provided which fix the cross member (16) of the formwork segments (10) on the support frame (40).

10. Formwork system according to claim 9, characterized in that the connecting elements comprise perforated plates (42), wherein a hole pattern of the perforated plates (42) on the mounting grid of the support frame (40) is tuned.

1 1. The formwork system according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the connecting elements comprise perforated plates (42) and the cross member (16) have a fixing grid, wherein a hole pattern of the perforated plates (42) on the mounting grid of the cross member (16) is tuned.

12. Formwork system according to one of claims 9 to 1 1, characterized in that the connecting elements comprise supports (44) with adjustable support length.

13. Formwork system according to one of claims 8 to 12, characterized in that the cross member (16) of two in the circumferential direction (46) adjacent

Shutter segments (10) are pivotally connected together.

14. Formwork system according to one of claims 8 to 13, characterized in that adjoining longitudinal members (14) of two circumferentially (46) adjacent shuttering segments (10) are fixedly connected together.

15. Formwork system according to one of claims 8 to 14, characterized in that between two in the circumferential direction (46) adjacent formwork segments (10) a cover plate (54) is arranged, which extends in the longitudinal direction and substantially close to the formwork skins (18) the two formwork segments (10) is applied.