EP2042686B1 - Elasticity element - Google Patents

Abstract

The element (8) has two supporting sheets (9, 10) and tubular bodies (16) arranged at a distance from each other, where the tubular bodies are provided between the supporting sheets. The supporting sheets fixable at gutter profiles (3) or at a lattice girder are provided with reinforcements (13) fastened to a concrete shell (6). Hollow sections (17) are inserted into the tubular bodies. The hollow sections comprise a split tube pressed into the tubular body in a form-fit manner. The hollow sections have a peripheral side closed tube provided in the tubular body by a fastening element.

Description

The invention relates to a compliance element for integration in an underground composite construction of channel profiles or lattice girders and a concrete shell according to the features in the preamble of claim 1.

A compliance element is basically within the scope of EP 1 762 698 A1 known. It is used in the construction of elongated underground structures such as tunnels or tunnels. The compliance element is designed so that it can be compressed under the influence of rock pressure. It is honeycomb-shaped and has intermediate layers and spacers which form gaps. The gaps are offset from each other and are reduced when compressed.

A development of the compliance element of EP 1 762 698 A1 is known within the scope of the brochure "compression element" of Bochumer Eisenhütte Heintzmann GmbH & Co. KG. This compression element comprises at least two spaced apart support plates and a plurality between the Support plates provided, mutually distanced tubular body. Such a compression element is mainly used between two sheet removal of resilient gutter profiles or lattice girders. Furthermore, it may be provided behind such Bogenausbauen the mountain mantle out. In each case, the upper and lower support plate have fastening elements, which are used for mounting on Bogenausbau. In addition, the support plates in the concrete shell holding reinforcements.

The gutter profiles or lattice girders are embedded by means of shotcrete or shotcrete in a concrete shell inserted on the circumference of the tunnel or the track.

The known compliance element has basically proven itself in practice. For example, during the construction phase of a tunnel or a route, the person skilled in the art can already see which force from the mountain acts on the composite structure. In particular, however, which force rests on the compliance element. Consequently, a compliance element is mainly used in fault zones or in a pressure rock. The number of each to be integrated in a composite expansion compliance elements depends on the local conditions.

The documents WO 99/28162 and DE 4 221 656 A1 reveal additional compliance features.

The invention is - based on the prior art - the object to provide a compliance element for integration into an underground composite structure, which has an increased resistance to the force from the mountains.

The solution to this problem consists according to the invention in the features of claim 1.

Thereafter, at least one hollow profile is now inserted into at least one tubular body of a compliance element. Whether in this context in each tube body, a hollow profile is inserted or whether only in selected tubular bodies hollow sections are provided or whether more than one hollow section is used in a tubular body depends on the local Conditions from. In this case, it is conceivable for the person skilled in the art to insert hollow sections into the tubular body as needed on site. If the local conditions are already known in advance, then the compliance elements can already be appropriately prepared at the factory and provided in a suitable manner with hollow profiles in the tubular bodies.

In order to secure the position of a hollow profile in a tubular body, the hollow profile is suitably fixed in position in the tubular body according to claim 2. In this way, it keeps its intended position until the composite construction is completed in its entirety.

According to the features of claim 3, the hollow profile consists of a slot tube which is frictionally and positively pressed into the tubular body.

According to the features of claim 4, however, the hollow profile can also consist of a circumferentially closed tube with preferably circular cross-section, which is clamped by means of fastening elements in the tubular body. But there are also other cross-sections of a hollow profile conceivable.

According to claim 5, it is possible in this context that the fastening elements consist of fixed in the hollow profile wires. For example, in each hollow profile opposite one another two wires, such as welding wires, dotted and provided on the opposite ends of the protruding ends with bent legs, wherein the forward leg in the insertion direction are bent by about 160 °, so that they when inserting a hollow profile in a Tube bodies are compressed and slide on the inner wall of the tubular body. The legs in the insertion direction are bent by about 90 °. If these legs contact the rear end wall of the tubular body, the legs lying in the direction of insertion are exposed in front of the end face of the tubular body and can spring open, so that the hollow profile is then fixed in position over the legs in the longitudinal direction of the tubular body.

Another embodiment of fasteners is seen in the features of claim 6. Thereafter, the fasteners consist of insertable between the tubular body and the hollow profile spring steel strips. When inserting a hollow profile into a tubular body, two spring steel strips, which are preferably provided in an opposing arrangement, are also bent in two layers and inserted into the gap between the hollow profile and the tubular body. When inserting the hollow profile in the tubular body slide the spring steel strips in the tubular body and ultimately tense due to the inherent spreading force in the use position, the hollow section in the tubular body.

A particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention according to claim 7 is that between the support plates at least two layers are provided with tubular bodies and hollow sections inserted therein, wherein between two layers, a separating plate is arranged. The number of tube body layers and separating plates required depends on the respective local conditions. For example, three or four layers are conceivable. Also, the number of tubular body with hollow profiles in the individual layers may vary from application point to application point.

Finally, it forms according to the features of claim 8 is a fundamental development of the inventive idea that the tube body and / or the hollow profiles in a position compared to the tubular bodies and / or the hollow sections in a different position have different wall thicknesses and / or diameter. So it is conceivable, for example, that in a compliance element with three layers, the upper layer does not provide hollow sections in the tubular bodies, the middle and lower layers but have hollow sections in the tubular bodies, but the wall thicknesses of the hollow profiles in the lower layer are greater than that of the Hollow profiles in the tubular bodies of the middle layer. The wall thickness can be varied within the scope of the invention with different diameters of the hollow profiles. In addition, a combination of the diameter of the tubular body and its wall thicknesses with the diameters and / or Wall thickness of the hollow sections done. Also, the number of hollow sections in the tubular bodies may vary from one point of use to another.

In the context of the measures according to the invention, therefore, a controlled compliance behavior can be achieved, wherein the carrying capacity of a compliance element can be exactly matched to that of the adjacent channel profiles or lattice girders. Thus, when a bow assembly of gutter profiles begins to shift relative to each other with respect to the gutter profiles, or lattice girders of a construction begin to buckle, the compliance element also begins to deform and absorb load.

Figur 1

eine Ansicht auf einen Abschnitt eines Verbundausbaus mit Rinnenprofilen in einem Tunnel;

Figur 2

eine Ansicht auf einen Abschnitt eines Verbundausbaus mit Gitterträgern in einem Tunnel;

Figur 3

in der Frontalansicht ein Nachgiebigkeitselement für einen Verbundausbau gemäß den Figuren 1 und 2;

Figur 4

eine Stirnansicht auf das Nachgiebigkeitselement der Figur 3;

Figur 5

eine Stirnansicht auf einen Rohrkörper;

Figur 6

eine Stirnansicht auf ein Hohlprofil für den Rohrkörper der Figur 5;

Figur 7

eine Stirnansicht auf den Rohrkörper der Figur 5 mit eingesetztem Hohlprofil gemäß Figur 6;

Figur 8

in vertikalem Längsschnitt eine Montagesituation eines Hohlprofils in einem Rohrkörper;

Figur 9

ein komplett in einen Rohrkörper eingeschobenes Hohlprofil;

Figur 10

in vertikalem Längsschnitt eine Montagesituation eines Hohlprofils und eines Rohrkörpers gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform und

Figur 11

in vertikalem Längsschnitt ein komplett in einen Rohrkörper eingeschobenes Hohlprofil.

The invention is explained in more detail with reference to exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawings. Show it:

FIG. 1

a view of a portion of a composite structure with channel profiles in a tunnel;

FIG. 2

a view of a portion of a lattice girder composite construction in a tunnel;

FIG. 3

in the front view, a compliance element for a composite structure according to the FIGS. 1 and 2 ;

FIG. 4

an end view of the compliance element of the FIG. 3 ;

FIG. 5

an end view of a tubular body;

FIG. 6

an end view of a hollow profile for the tubular body of FIG. 5 ;

FIG. 7

an end view of the tubular body of FIG. 5 with inserted hollow profile according to FIG. 6 ;

FIG. 8

in vertical longitudinal section a mounting situation of a hollow profile in a tubular body;

FIG. 9

a completely inserted into a tubular body hollow section;

FIG. 10

in vertical longitudinal section a mounting situation of a hollow profile and a tubular body according to another embodiment and

FIG. 11

in vertical longitudinal section a completely inserted into a tubular body hollow section.

With 1 is in the FIG. 1 a composite structure for a tunnel called. The illustration shows the composite structure 1 seen from the tunnel longitudinal axis in the direction of the mountains. The composite structure 1 comprises a curved construction 2 from end-to-end channel profiles 3, which are clamped together in the overlapping area 4 by clamping means 5 which are not illustrated in greater detail, so that the channel profiles 3 can slide relative to one another at a correspondingly high rock pressure.

The composite construction 1 further comprises a concrete shell applied to the mountains by means of shotcrete or shotcrete in which the gutter profiles 3 are also embedded.

In a recessed area 7 of the concrete shell 6 are located next to the channel profiles 3 compliance elements 8. As in this context, the FIGS. 3 and 4 can be seen closer, each compliance element 8, a lower support plate 9 and an upper support plate 10. On the underside 11 of the lower support plate 9 and the top 12 of the upper support plate 10 reinforcing elements 13 are welded in the form of U-shaped bent wires, which, like the FIG. 1 can recognize, in the concrete shell 6 protrude.

The support plates 9, 10 are connected in non-illustrated manner with the channel profiles 3.

In the height range between the two support plates 9, 10 are two separating plates 14, 15. Between the support plates 9, 10 and the separating plates 14, 15 are tubular body 16 is welded with a circular cross-section. Thus, three layers L, L1 and L2 are formed with tubular bodies 16. At the Embodiment, all tubular body 16 have the same diameter D and the same wall thickness WD. However, it is also conceivable that the diameter D and / or the wall thickness WD of the tubular bodies 16 vary from position L, L1 to position L1, L2.

In the lower layer L and the middle layer L1 of the tubular body 16 circular hollow sections 17 are used with a comparatively smaller diameter D1. It can also be seen that the hollow profiles 17 in the lower layer L have a greater wall thickness WD1 in comparison to the wall thickness WD2 of the hollow profiles 17 in the middle layer L1.

That on the basis of FIGS. 3 and 4 explained yielding element 8 is also in the composite construction 1a of FIG. 2 used. This differs from the Verbundausbau 1 of FIG. 1 only in that instead of the gutter profiles 3 lattice girders 18 are used as a sheet expansion 2a. Thus, on a further description of the FIG. 2 waived.

To fix the position of a hollow section 17 in a tubular body 16, the hollow profile 17a according to the FIGS. 5 and 6 consist of a slotted tube. As the FIG. 6 can be seen, the slotted hollow section 17a is widened so that it fits for insertion into the tubular body 16 according to FIG. 5 must be compressed. In the compressed state, it can then in the tubular body 16 according to FIG. 5 be pushed in, so that it ultimately according to the representation of the FIG. 7 is applied by spring force to the inner wall 19 of the tubular body 16 and thus properly clamped in the tubular body 16.

In the embodiment of the FIGS. 8 and 9 are used to fix the position of a circumferentially closed hollow section 17 in a tubular body 16 spring wires 20. In this case, two spring wires 20 are stapled punctually in opposite arrangement to the inner surface 21 of a hollow section 17. The insertion direction ER of the hollow section 17 forward ends 22 of the spring wires 20 protrude beyond the end face 23 of the hollow section 17 and are according to FIG. 9 Bent V-shaped. In the Insertion direction ER of the hollow profile 17 rear ends 24 of the spring wires 20 are bent by almost 90 ° to the outside.

If the hollow section 17 is pushed into the tubular body 16, pressing in the insertion direction ER front ends 22 of the spring wires 20, as shown in FIG. 8 recognizable, U-shaped together, with the end portions 30 of the ends 22 slide on the inner wall 19 of the tubular body 16. The free end portions 30 of the spring wires 20 has reached the end face 25 of the tubular body 16, they can spread outwards, so that they according to the FIG. 9 rest against the front side 25. The rear ends 24 of the spring wires 20 are located on the rear end 26 in the insertion direction ER of the tubular body 16. The hollow section 17 is now fixed in position with the aid of the bent ends 22, 24 in the longitudinal direction of the tubular body 16.

For fixing a circumferentially closed hollow section 17 in a tubular body 16 can according to the FIGS. 10 and 11 but also spring steel bands 27 are used. These opposing spring steel strips 27 are first bent over two layers and inserted when inserting a hollow section 17 in a tubular body 16 in the gap 28 between the hollow section 17 and the tubular body 16 with. Has the hollow section 17 according to its end position FIG. 11 achieved in the tube body 16, the spring steel strips 27 brace due to their inherent spring force the hollow section 17 in the tubular body 16. The spring steel bands 27 may be fixed selectively before the insertion of the hollow section 17 in the tubular body 16 on the outer surface 29 of the hollow section 17.

Reference numerals:

1 -

Interconnection 1a - Interconnection

2 -

Sheet removal 2a - sheet removal

3 -

channel sections

4 -

overlap area

5 -

clamping means

6 -

concrete shell

7 -

free area v. 6

8th -

yielding members

9 -

lower support plate

10 -

Upper support plate

11 -

Top v. 9

12 -

Underside v. 10

13 -

reinforcements

14 -

lower divider

15 -

Upper separating plate

16 -

pipe body

17 -

Hollow profile 17a - hollow profile

18 -

girder

19 -

Inner wall v. 16

20 -

spring wires

21 -

inner surface v. 17

22 -

Ends v. 20

23 -

Front side v. 17

24 -

Ends v. 20

25 -

Front side v. 16

26 -

Front side v. 16

27 -

Spring steel strips

28 -

Gap between 16 and 17

29 -

outer surface v. 17

30 -

free end sections v. 22

D -

Diameter v. 16

D1 -

Diameter v. 17

ER -

Insertion direction v. 17

L -

lower position

L1 -

middle location

L2 -

upper layer

WD -

Wall thickness v. 16

WD1 -

Wall thickness v. 17 in L

WD2 -

Wall thickness v. 17 in L1

Claims (8)

1. Yielding element for integrating into an underground compound lining (1, 1a) composed of channel sections (3) or lattice girders (18) and of a concrete shell (6), the said element comprising at least two spaced-apart supporting plates (9, 10) and a plurality of spaced-apart tubular bodies (16) provided between the supporting plates (9, 10), wherein the supporting plates (9, 10), which can be fastened to the channel sections (3) or to the lattice girders (18), are provided with reinforcements (13) engaging into the concrete shell (6), characterized in that at least one hollow profile (17, 17a) is inserted into at least one tubular body (16).
2. Yielding element according to Claim 1, characterized in that the hollow profile (17, 17a) is positionally fixed in the tubular body (16).
3. Yielding element according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the hollow profile (17a) consists of a slit tube which is pressed into the tubular body (16) in a frictional and form-fitting manner.
4. Yielding element according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the hollow profile (17) consists of a circumferentially closed tube which is clamped in the tubular body (16) by means of fastening elements (20, 27).
5. Yielding element according to Claim 4, characterized in that the fastening elements (20) consist of wires fixed in the hollow profile (17).
6. Yielding element according to Claim 4, characterized in that the fastening elements (27) consist of spring steel strips (27) which can be inserted between the tubular body (16) and the hollow profile (17).
7. Yielding element according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that at least two layers (L, L1, L2) comprising tubular bodies (16) and hollow profiles (17, 17a) inserted therein are provided between the supporting plates (9, 10), wherein a separating plate (14, 15) is arranged between two layers (L, L1; L1, L2).
8. Yielding element according to Claim 7, characterized in that the tubular bodies (16) and/or the hollow profiles (17, 17a) in one layer (L, L1, L2) have wall thicknesses (WD, WD1, WD2) and/or diameters (D) which differ from the tubular bodies (16) and/or the hollow profiles (17, 17a) in another layer (L1, L2).

Images