EP1544377B1 - Form for curved wall - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a formwork element of a circular formwork, which has a formwork skin, at the rear side vertically extending profile rails are mounted, with which horizontally extending curved shaping rails are detachably connected.

Shuttering elements of this type are known, for example from the EP 0 321 006 A2 , In order to form one side of the circular formwork (that is to say, for example, the outer formwork) from such formwork elements, a plurality of formwork elements of this type, which are arranged side by side and / or one above the other, are connected to one another. The outer and inner formwork may be formed in an analogous manner. In the area between the vertically extending profile rails, the concrete pressure is borne by the formlining. The shaping rails, also called anchor rails, specify the curved shape of the formwork element. These shaping rails usually further form the abutment and abutment for the anchor of durchgeankerten formwork.

Such formwork elements are reusable. If in this case the radius of curvature of the circular formwork, for example, should be smaller than in the previous application, the demounted shaping rails are rounded with a corresponding rounding device to the required greater curvature by plastic deformation. Since the forming rails are located radially further inward than the formwork, the forming rails would protrude laterally beyond the formwork after the rounding. The shaping rails are therefore cut accordingly to flush with the side of the formwork flush. If the formwork element is to be used in a later use for producing a circular formwork with a larger radius of curvature (= a smaller curvature), so the forming rails must be replaced, since the previous shaping rails are now too short.

In addition to circular formwork, in which the shaping rails by means of a corresponding rounding device by plastic deformation to the desired Curvature deformed, mechanical systems are also known in which the shaping rails have joints that are adjustable according to the desired curvature of the formwork element. The disadvantage here is the more complicated structure and the complex adjustment work of the joints.

From the DE 31 12 298 A1 is a formwork known in which the formwork is attached to horizontally extending curved shaping rails. In order to ensure a dimensional accuracy to a certain radius, these shaping rails consist of at least two strand elements, which are held together by shoes. Flanges are provided at the ends of the skin facing facing member to join the successive forming rails together. Furthermore, a special compensating and connecting element between two shaping rails is provided for the production of a certain diameter.

The object of the invention is to provide a formwork element of the type mentioned above, which can be used with a simple structure for different radii of curvature of the circular formwork, without this a cutting of the ends of the forming rails or replacement of these shaping rails is required. According to the invention, this is achieved by a formwork element having the features of patent claim 1.

According to the invention, a length-adjustable shaping rail is thus provided. The shaping rail can be shortened in the case of an inner formwork with a greater curvature and extended at a lower curvature or extended in the case of an outer formwork with a greater curvature and shortened at a lower curvature, so that it ends at the edge of the formwork. The strand elements are offset differently depending on the curvature. In the case of an internal formwork, the smallest radius of curvature for which the formwork element can be used is one in which the strand elements end without offset against each other at the side edges of the formwork skin. In the case of an external formwork this is the case for the largest radius of curvature for which the formwork element can be used.

The connection of the shaping rails with the vertically extending rails is preferably carried out on the shoes. These can for this purpose have a first adjacent to the rail and a second, the strand elements on their faces facing away from the facing skin clamping part, wherein the clamping parts are clamped by a clamping screw, which holes in the clamping parts and in a lying parallel to the formwork web penetrated by a respective rail.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, at least two adjacent to each other above and below a longitudinal opening of the shaping rail adjacent strand elements present, of which each extends at least one of the respective end face of the shaping rail. Through the longitudinal openings can anchor rods for anchoring the formwork occur.

Preferably, the strand elements are plate-shaped, so in cross section have the shape of a flat rectangle. Such flat elements can be easily rounded by means of rollers with the least twisting.

Fig. 1

eine schematische perspektivische Darstellung von zwei übereinander angeordneten erfindungsgemäßen Schalungselementen;

Fig. 2

eine vergrößerte perspektivische Darstellung eines Randbereichs des erfindungs-gemäßen Schalungselements von Fig. 1, in größerem Detail;

Fig. 3

eine Rückansicht des linken unteren Eckbereichs des Schalungselements von Fig. 1;

Fig. 4

einen Schnitt entlang der Linie A-A von Fig. 3;

Fig. 5, Fig. 6 und Fig. 7

eine Ansicht (Blickrichtung B in Fig. 6), eine Seitenansicht (Blick-richtung C in Fig. 5) und eine Draufsicht (Blickrichtung D in Fig. 6) eines Klemmteils eines Schuhs zum Zusammenhalten der Strangelemente;

Fig. 8 und Fig. 9

eine Seitenansicht analog Fig. 6 (Blickrichtung E in Fig. 9) und eine Draufsicht analog Fig. 7 (Blickrichtung F in Fig. 8) einer weiteren Ausführungsform eines Klemmteils;

Fig. 10

eine schematische Darstellung eine Verbindungseinheit zur Verbindung der formgebenden Schienen von zwei seitlich aneinander angrenzenden Schalungselementen;

Fig. 11 und Fig. 12

eine Seitenansicht analog Fig. 6 (Blickrichtung G in Fig. 12) und eine Draufsicht analog Fig. 7 (Blickrichtung H in Fig. 11) einer weiteren Ausführungsform eines Klemmteils.

Further advantages and details of the invention are explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In this show:

Fig. 1

a schematic perspective view of two superposed formwork elements according to the invention;

Fig. 2

an enlarged perspective view of an edge region of the inventive formwork element of Fig. 1 in greater detail;

Fig. 3

a rear view of the left lower corner portion of the formwork element of Fig. 1 ;

Fig. 4

a section along the line AA of Fig. 3 ;

Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7

a view (view B in Fig. 6 ), a side view (viewing direction C in Fig. 5 ) and a plan view (viewing direction D in Fig. 6 ) a clamping part of a shoe for holding together the strand elements;

FIGS. 8 and 9

a side view analog Fig. 6 (Viewing direction E in Fig. 9 ) and a top view analog Fig. 7 (Viewing direction F in Fig. 8 ) Another embodiment of a clamping part;

Fig. 10

a schematic representation of a connecting unit for connecting the forming rails of two laterally adjacent formwork elements;

11 and FIG. 12

a side view analog Fig. 6 (Viewing direction G in Fig. 12 ) and a top view analog Fig. 7 (Viewing direction H in Fig. 11 ) of a further embodiment of a clamping part.

In Fig. 1 two shuttering elements according to the invention an inner formwork of a circular formwork are shown in superimposed arrangement. The formwork elements of the outer formwork of the circular formwork can be designed in an analogous manner. A respective formwork element has a formwork skin 1, for example Wood (eg laminated wood) may exist and is preferably formed continuously over the entire width of the formwork element. In height, the formwork 1 may also be formed continuously or consist of several adjoining sections. The formwork 1 can for example also be formed by a steel plate.

At the side facing away from the shell surface 2 back of the formwork 1 more vertically extending rails 3, 4 are mounted, for example, screwed. There are in this case two edge-side profile rails 3 present, which preferably have a U-shaped cross-section. The open sides of the U-shaped cross sections of the two edge profile rails 3 are each facing away from the edge of the formwork element. The rails 3 in this case have on the back of the formwork 1 adjacent and fixed to the formwork 1 webs 9, from the webs 9 edge outgoing and perpendicular to the formwork 1 standing webs 5 and at the remote from the formwork 1 ends of the webs 5 of these outgoing parallel to the formwork 1 extending webs 6. The webs 5 that are perpendicular to the facing 1 are preferably flush with the front ends 7, 8 of the formwork 1.

Between the marginal profile rails 3 a plurality of vertically extending rails 4 are attached to the back of the formwork 1 at a distance from each other. These profile rails 4 are preferably formed in cross-section Z-shaped. With the voltage applied to the back of the formwork 1 web 1 10 they are attached to the formwork 1. From the edge of the web 10 is a vertically standing to the formwork facing web 11 and at the remote from the formwork 1 end of the web 11 is a parallel to the formwork 1 extending web 12 from. The distances between adjacent profiled rails 3, 4 are static and may for example be in the range between 50 cm and 1.5 m.

With the vertically extending rails 3, 4 horizontally extending shaping rails 13 are detachably connected. The shaping rails 13 are curved in the horizontal direction, whereby the curvature of the formwork element is set in the horizontal direction. By changing the curvature of the shaping rails 13, the curvature of the formwork element can be changed.

The more detailed design of the shaping rails 13 will be described below with reference to Fig. 2 to 9 explained. The shaping rails 13 in the preferred embodiment shown each have four strand elements 14, which are held together by means of shoes 15. The strand elements 14 are preferably formed plate-shaped, so have seen in cross section the shape of a flat rectangle. These strand elements 14 each extend over a large part of the longitudinal extent of the shaping rail, but are shorter at least for all curvatures of the shaping rail 13 except for the strongest (in the case of an inner formwork) or the lowest (in the case of an outer formwork) curvature provided for this formwork element The strand elements 14 are offset in the longitudinal direction of the shaping rail 13 against each other, in fact extend in the arrangement shown, the two inner strand elements 14 to in Fig. 2 illustrated front end 16 of the forming rail 13 and the two other strand elements 14 are spaced from this front end 16 by the offset v. At the opposite end 17 of the forming rail 13, the situation is just the opposite (see. Fig. 3 , with a slightly lower curvature of the shaping rail). In the assembly position according to Fig. 2 this offset v is relatively small. The offset v increases with decreasing curvature of the shaping rail 13. In Fig. 3 On the other hand, a slightly larger offset v is shown.

If all the strand elements 14 extend without mutual offset v to both front ends of the shaping rail 13, the strongest (in the case of an internal formwork) or lowest (in the case of an external formwork) provided for this formwork element curvature is present.

The strand elements 14 preferably all have the same length, but may also have different lengths.

The shoes 15 serve as mentioned for holding together the strand elements 14 and further preventing their tilting or twisting about a horizontal, in the longitudinal direction of the forming rail 13 extending (curved) axis. Furthermore, the connection of the shaping rail 13 with the vertically extending profile rails 3, 4 via the shoes 15 preferably takes place.

In the embodiment according to the Fig. 2 to 7 a respective shoe 15 is formed by two U-shaped clamping parts 18, 19, which are clamped together by means of a clamping bolt 20. The clamping parts 18, 19 each have a base leg 21 and two side legs 22. In the side legs 22 each have two outgoing from their free longitudinal edge 23 slots 24 excepted, with the slots 24 seen in the two side legs 22 in side view ( Fig. 6 ) cover. In the slots 24 in each case two adjacent strand elements 14 are introduced with their side edges. In the base leg 21, a bore 25 is placed in a lying between the two slots 24 height for the passage of the clamping bolt 20. The bore 25 is in this case one side leg 22 closer than the other side leg 22nd

One of the two clamping parts 18, 19 is located on the web 6 of the rail 3 or on the web 12 of the rail 4. In the web 6 and 12 in this case a hole 25 covering the bore is attached. In the slots 24 of this clamping part 18, the one side edges of the strand elements 14 are inserted. On the opposite side edges of the strand elements 14, the second clamping part 19 is attached. In the embodiment shown, the second clamping member 19 is the same as the clamping member 18 is formed, but used by 180 ° about a horizontal axis and rotated by 180 ° about a vertical axis relative to the clamping member 18. By means of the web 6 and 12 and the clamping parts 18, 19 passing through the clamping bolt 20, the clamping parts 18, 19 braced against each other and attached to the rail 3 and 4 respectively. The clamping bolts 20 are formed in the illustrated embodiment of screws in conjunction with nuts.

Preferably, a shoe 15 for holding together and aligning the strand elements 14 and for fixing the shaping rail 13 to the rails 3, 4 is provided at each crossing point between the forming rail 13 and the rails 3, 4. In the two edge-side shoes 15 which each spaced from this front end 16, 17 strand elements 14 protrude only more or less and can (with smaller curvatures of the formwork element in the case of inner formwork or larger bends in the case of an external formwork) also before the edge Shoe 15 ends. It would also be conceivable and possible, in this situation, a peripheral shoe with in one or both Side legs of the clamping parts 18, 19 provided slots 24 to provide the width of which corresponds only to the thickness of a single strand element 14.

A longitudinal opening 26 of the shaping rail 13 is located between the upper adjoining string elements 14 and the lower adjoining string elements 14. Through these, an anchor rod 27 of an armature can extend, as shown in FIGS 3 and 4 is shown. At the side edges of the strand elements 14 facing away from the facing 1, a tie plate 28 spanning the strand elements 14 is supported. The anchor rod 27 passes through the anchor plate 28 through a bore in the same and has in the region of its end a thread on which a nut 29 is screwed. In this way, arranged on both sides of the wall to be erected formwork can be anchored. The curvature of the formwork (not shown in the figures) to be arranged on the other side of the wall is the inverse of that in Figs Fig. 1 Shuttering elements shown (convex instead of concave). As already mentioned several times, such a convexly curved formwork element can be designed in the manner according to the invention, in which case the offset between the strand elements increases with increasing curvature.

The connection of a plurality of formwork elements to be stacked one above the other can be done in a conventional manner, for example by means arranged at the bottom of the formwork element pipe sections 30 which are placed on the upper end of the lower formwork element pipe pieces and bolted thereto by means of bolts. For centering the pipe sections 30 conical recesses 31 and corresponding frustoconical extensions (not shown in the figures) may be provided for engagement in the conical recesses 31.

Side-by-side formwork elements can be screwed together via their edge-side rails 3, the webs 5 abut each other, wherein in the webs 5 holes 32 are arranged for the passage of bolts.

To achieve a continuous rigidity of the forming rails 13 between laterally adjacent formwork elements, the shaping Rails 13 of the adjacent formwork elements are connected to each other via connection units. One possible embodiment of such a connection unit is in Fig. 10 shown schematically. There are two bridge-like claws 33 available. The upper claw 33 lies with feet 34 on the tops of the forming rails 13 of the adjacent formwork elements and the lower claw 33 on the undersides. In the two edge regions of the bridge webs 35 of the claws 33 transverse webs 36 are welded to this, which they project beyond on both sides. In the areas lying in front of and behind the bridge webs 35, the transverse webs 36 have bores which are penetrated by clamping bolts 37, which clamp the two claws 33 together. Left and right are two in each case Fig. 10 one behind the other clamping bolt 37 available. Other embodiments of connection units for the shaping rails 13 would also be conceivable and possible.

It is conceivable and possible to achieve a continuous rigidity between laterally adjacent formwork elements, it would also be preferable to attach at heights between the forming rails 13 horizontally extending connecting rails which extend over both adjacent formwork elements and connected to at least one of the rails 3, 4 of each formwork element are. In this case, they are in any case preferably connected to the two mutually adjacent marginal profile rails 3 of the two formwork elements. The connecting rails could in this case be formed in an analogous manner as the shaping rails 13 and also their connections to the rails 3 and / or 4 could be carried out in an analogous manner by means of shoes 15.

If the curvature of the formwork element to be changed, the clamping bolt 20 are released, after which the strand elements 14 can be removed. The strand elements 14 are plastically deformed by means of a revolving device (by means of suitable rollers) to the desired curvature. As a result, the shaping rails 13 are reassembled, whereby the strand elements 14 are offset accordingly, and the clamping bolts 20 tightened. In the region of the two front ends 16, 17 of the shaping rails 13, at least the respective strand elements 14 running up to these front ends 16, 17 should extend through the peripheral shoes 15. The shaping rail 13 can thereby be connected to the edge profile rails 3.

The 8 and 9 show a modified embodiment of a clamping part 18 of a shoe. The clamping member 18 has a base leg 38 and at both ends of the same attached edge leg 39. In the central region of the base leg 38 side legs 40 are arranged at the two side edges, which in the side view according to Fig. 8 cover. The slots 24 for introducing the strand elements 14 are formed here between the edge legs 39 and the side legs 40.

Another modified embodiment of a clamping part 18 of a shoe is in the FIGS. 11 and 12 shown. The clamping part is designed to increase its rigidity H-shaped, with side legs 22 and a connecting leg 41, which has the bore 25. Of the longitudinal edges 23 of the side legs 22 on one side of the clamping part turn slots 24 for receiving the strand elements 14 from.

At the front ends 7, 8, the formwork skin is preferably provided with an edge protection 42 ( Fig. 4 ). This can be formed, for example, by a welded to the rail 3 metal web, which covers the preferably made of wood formwork 1 frontally, between this web and the formwork 1, a silicone joint may be formed.

Various modifications of the illustrated embodiments of the invention are conceivable and possible without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, more or less strand elements 14 could be present. For example, it would also be conceivable and possible for the shaping rail 13 to be formed by two strand elements 14 which are U-shaped in cross-section and which are correspondingly offset in the longitudinal direction of the shaping rail 13. In order to allow a gap for the passage of anchor rods 27, this could also be provided to create the two U-shaped strand elements with the free ends of their side legs together, the free ends of the side legs are partially provided with indentations to form the longitudinal opening.

It would also be conceivable and possible to design the peripheral profile rails 3 instead of the U-shaped design shown in the same way as the profile rails 4, ie as Z-profiles. The spaced from the formwork skin 1 parallel to the formwork skin 1 extending web could then be, for example, each pioneered from the side edge of the formwork element. The standing vertically to the formwork 1 web would be distanced in the case of Z-shaped design of the rails 4 from the front end 7, 8 of the formwork element. The shaping rails 13 can extend over this web out to the respective front end 16, 17 and preferably in turn flush with this. To connect two laterally adjoining formwork elements could in turn be provided at a height between the forming rails 13 and connected to the rails 3 and / or 4 connecting rails. In addition, at a height between the forming rails 13 and the connecting rails plate-shaped elements could be screwed to the spaced from the formwork 1 and extending parallel to this webs of the adjacent rails 4 to accommodate acting in the vertical direction shear forces can.

Other than the illustrated and described U- or Z-shaped configurations of the rails 3, 4 would also be conceivable and possible, for example, H-shaped.

Legend to the reference numbers:

1

scarf skin

2

scarf surface

3

rail

4

rail

5

web

6

web

7

frontal end

8th

frontal end

9

web

10

web

11

web

12

web

13

shaping rail

14

strand element

15

shoe

16

frontal end

17

frontal end

18

clamping part

19

clamping part

20

clamping bolt

21

base leg

22

side leg

23

longitudinal edge

24

slot

25

drilling

26

longitudinal opening

27

anchor rod

28

anchor plate

29

mother

30

pipe section

31

conical recess

32

well

33

paw

34

foot

35

footbridge

36

crosspiece

37

clamping bolt

38

base leg

39

border legs

40

side leg

41

connecting leg

42

edge protection

Claims (15)

1. Formwork element of a round formwork, which element has a form skin (1), to the rear side of which are attached vertically extending profile rails (3, 4), to which horizontally extending curved shaping bars (13) are detachably connected, characterised in that the shaping bars (13) are each formed of at least two, preferably of at least four, strand elements (14) which each extend over a large portion of the longitudinal extent of the shaping bar (13) and which are held together by shoes (15), and, due to a curvature-dependent offset (v) between the strand elements (14) in the longitudinal direction of the shaping bar (13), at least one, preferably at least two, of the strand elements (14) extends/extend up to one front-side end (16) of the shaping bar (13) and at least one other, preferably at least two other, of the strand elements (14) extends/extend up to the other front-side end (17) of the shaping bar (13).
2. Formwork element according to Claim 1, characterised in that the connection of the shaping bars (13) to the vertically extending profile rails (3, 4) takes place via the shoes (15), preferably by means of clamping bolts (20) which penetrate webs (6, 12) of the vertically extending profile rails (3, 4) and the shoes (15) and which are preferably formed as screw connections.
3. Formwork element according to Claim 1 or Claim 2, characterised in that a longitudinal opening (26) of the shaping bar (13) is delimited upwardly and downwardly by in each case at least two strand elements (14) lying against one another, of which in each case at least one extends up to the respective front-side end (16, 17) of the shaping bar (13).
4. Formwork element according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the strand elements (14) are formed in the shape of plates.
5. Formwork element according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the strand elements (14) have identical lengths.
6. Formwork element according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the shoes (15) each comprise two clamping parts (18, 19), the two clamping parts (18, 19) being able to be clamped against one another with the strand elements (14) lying between them by means of a clamping bolt (20).
7. Formwork element according to Claim 6, characterised in that the clamping parts (18, 19) have slots (24) for receiving segments of the strand elements (14) adjoining the side edges of the strand elements (14).
8. Formwork element according to Claim 6 or Claim 7, characterised in that the clamping parts (18, 19) have base sides (21, 38) which are disposed parallel to the form skin (1) and in which is disposed a bore (25) for the passage of a clamping bolt (20), the bore (25) preferably being laterally offset in the longitudinal direction of the shaping bar (13) with respect to the centre of the base side (21, 38).
9. Formwork element according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the connection units (33, 34, 35, 36, 37) are provided for the connection of the shaping bars (13) of two laterally adjoining formwork elements.
10. Formwork element according to Claim 9, characterised in that the connection unit (33, 34, 35, 36, 37) has brackets (33) clamped from above and from below against the shaping bars by means of clamping bolts (37).
11. Formwork element according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the formwork element has at both side edges a vertically extending profile rail (3), which has a web (5) terminating flush with the side edge of the form skin (1), preferably a plurality of vertically extending profile rails (4) being provided between the edge-side vertically extending profile rails (3).
12. Formwork element according to one of Claims 1 to 11, characterised in that for each formwork element at least two horizontally extending shaping bars (13) are provided spaced apart from one another in the vertical direction.
13. Formwork element according to one of Claims 1 to 12, characterised in that, in the case of an inner formwork, at all curvatures except for the greatest curvature provided for this formwork element or, in the case of an outer formwork, at all curvatures except for the smallest curvature provided for this formwork element, at least one, preferably at least two, of the strand elements (14) is/are spaced from the front-side end (16, 17) of the shaping bar (13).
14. Formwork element according to one of Claims 1 to 13, characterised in that, for the connection of laterally adjoining formwork elements, connection rails preferably extending horizontally and disposed at levels between the shaping bars (13) are provided, which rails extend at least over edge-side regions of the adjoining formwork elements and are connected to at least one profile rail (3, 4) of a respective formwork element.
15. Formwork element according to Claim 14, characterised in that the connection rails are formed analogously to the shaping bars (13) of at least two, preferably of at least 4, strand elements (14) which each extend over a large portion of the longitudinal extent of the connection rail and are attached by means of shoes (15) to the profile rails (3, 4) of the formwork elements.

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