WO2014174939A1 - 車両用駆動装置 - Google Patents
車両用駆動装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014174939A1 WO2014174939A1 PCT/JP2014/057348 JP2014057348W WO2014174939A1 WO 2014174939 A1 WO2014174939 A1 WO 2014174939A1 JP 2014057348 W JP2014057348 W JP 2014057348W WO 2014174939 A1 WO2014174939 A1 WO 2014174939A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- engine
- torque
- clutch
- speed
- control unit
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
- F02D41/0215—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with elements of the transmission
- F02D41/022—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with elements of the transmission in relation with the clutch status
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2250/00—Engine control related to specific problems or objectives
- F02D2250/18—Control of the engine output torque
- F02D2250/21—Control of the engine output torque during a transition between engine operation modes or states
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a vehicle drive device that controls the start of a vehicle having a manual clutch.
- the driver depresses the clutch pedal to disengage the clutch and shifts the manual transmission to the first speed.
- the driver then depresses the accelerator pedal to increase the engine rotation speed, gradually returns the clutch pedal to engage the clutch, and transmits the engine torque to the wheels.
- the driver can perform a smooth start by performing an operation of harmonizing the depression of the accelerator pedal, that is, the engine output (engine speed) and the return of the clutch pedal, that is, the engagement of the clutch (engine load). It is carried out.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for limiting engine torque and preventing overheating of a clutch when a clutch temperature exceeds a predetermined temperature and a clutch differential rotation speed exceeds a predetermined value in a vehicle including a manual transmission and a clutch. Is disclosed.
- the engine torque is limited when the clutch temperature is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature and the clutch differential rotational speed exceeds the predetermined rotational speed. For this reason, when the amount of depression of the clutch pedal is reduced and the clutch torque is increased while the engine torque is limited, the engine speed is reduced.
- the maximum engine torque that can be output by the engine depends on the engine speed. For this reason, once the engine rotation speed is reduced, the maximum engine torque is limited even if an attempt is made to increase the engine torque, causing a problem that the vehicle cannot start and accelerate as intended by the driver.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a driving device for a vehicle.
- the invention of the vehicle drive device is provided between the drive shaft of the engine and the input shaft of the manual transmission, and between the input shaft and the drive shaft.
- a clutch for changing the clutch torque in the clutch by operating a clutch operating member a first acquisition unit for acquiring the clutch torque generated by the clutch, a second acquisition unit for acquiring the temperature of the clutch,
- a first calculation unit for calculating engine torque at the start based on the clutch torque acquired by the first acquisition unit and the clutch temperature acquired by the second acquisition unit; and the first calculation unit at the start
- An engine control unit for controlling the engine so as to obtain the engine torque at the time of starting.
- an upper limit calculation unit that calculates an upper limit value of the engine speed at the time of starting, and the upper limit value decreases as the clutch temperature increases.
- the first calculation unit is based on the difference between the clutch torque acquired by the first acquisition unit and the upper limit value of the engine rotation speed and the engine rotation speed at the start. Calculate the engine torque.
- the engine control unit is configured to obtain the engine torque at the start when the rotational speed of the engine is a predetermined value or more. To control the engine.
- the required engine torque is calculated based on an operation amount of an engine operating member for variably operating the engine torque output by the engine.
- the engine control unit is configured such that when the required engine torque calculated by the second calculation unit is equal to or less than the engine torque at the time of starting, the engine control unit is configured to be the required engine torque. To control.
- a maintenance torque that is a torque necessary to maintain the rotational speed of the engine is calculated based on a load acting on the engine.
- a third calculation unit, and the first calculation unit calculates the engine torque at the time of starting in consideration of the maintenance torque calculated by the third calculation unit.
- the first acquisition unit detects an operation amount of the clutch operation member.
- the engine control unit is configured to obtain the engine torque at the start only when a current vehicle speed is lower than a predetermined speed. To control the engine.
- the invention according to an eighth aspect is the invention according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, wherein the engine control portion is a braking force operating member for variably operating a braking force of a braking force generating portion that generates a braking force. Only when the engine is not operated, the engine is controlled to be the engine torque at the time of starting.
- the engine control portion is a braking force operating member for variably operating a braking force of a braking force generating portion that generates a braking force. Only when the engine is not operated, the engine is controlled to be the engine torque at the time of starting.
- the engine when the vehicle starts, the engine is controlled so that the engine torque at the start calculated based on the clutch torque and the clutch temperature is obtained.
- the engine is controlled so as to have the engine torque at the start calculated based on the temperature of the clutch, so that overheating of the clutch is prevented. That is, when the temperature of the clutch rises, an increase in engine torque at the time of start is suppressed, and as a result, an increase in engine rotation speed is suppressed. For this reason, an increase in the clutch differential rotation speed is suppressed, and overheating of the clutch is prevented.
- the engine is controlled so as to be the engine torque at the start calculated based on the clutch torque, a decrease in engine speed is prevented. That is, when the driver increases the amount of operation in the engagement direction of the clutch operation member and the clutch torque increases, the engine torque at the time of start increases with the increase of the clutch torque. For this reason, since the fall of an engine speed is prevented and the driving force which a driver
- the upper limit calculation unit calculates the upper limit value of the engine speed at the time of starting that decreases as the clutch temperature increases.
- the first computing unit computes the engine torque at the start based on the clutch torque and the differential rotational speed between the engine rotational speed and the upper limit value of the engine rotational speed at the start.
- the engine control unit controls the engine so that the engine torque at the time of starting is obtained when the rotational speed of the engine is equal to or higher than a predetermined rotational speed.
- the engine control unit controls the engine so as to be the required engine torque when the required engine torque is equal to or less than the engine torque at the time of start.
- the engine is controlled so that the required engine torque reflects the driver's intention. For this reason, since the engine torque does not deviate from the driver's intention, an excessive increase in the engine speed can be prevented while suppressing the driver's uncomfortable feeling.
- the third calculation unit calculates the maintenance torque based on the load acting on the engine
- the first calculation unit calculates the engine torque at the time of start taking into account the maintenance torque. To do.
- the engine torque at the time of start in which increase / decrease in engine load is taken into consideration is calculated. For this reason, it is possible to prevent an increase or decrease in the engine rotation speed accompanying an increase or decrease in the engine load.
- the engine load described above includes, for example, the operation of an air conditioner, a headlamp, an alternator for power generation, and the like.
- the first acquisition unit is a clutch operation amount detection unit that detects an operation amount of the clutch operation member.
- the engine control unit controls the engine so that the engine torque at the time of starting is obtained only when the vehicle speed is smaller than the predetermined speed. For this reason, when the driver performs an operation of disengaging the clutch for the purpose of shifting operation after the start of the vehicle, the engine is not controlled to be the engine torque at the start calculated based on the clutch torque. The driver does not feel uncomfortable without the vehicle decelerating.
- the engine control unit controls the engine so that the engine torque at the time of starting is obtained only when the braking force operating member is not operated.
- the engine is not controlled to be the engine torque at the start calculated based on the clutch torque. For this reason, the vehicle can be decelerated and stopped safely.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart of “clutch / engine cooperative control”.
- 6 is a flowchart of “torque down control” that is a subroutine of “clutch / engine cooperative control” in FIG. 4.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart of “maintenance torque calculation processing” that is a subroutine of “torque down control” in FIG. 5. It is a figure showing “compressor auxiliary machine torque calculation data” which is the mapping data showing the relationship between engine rotational speed Ne and compressor auxiliary machine torque Tac. It is a figure showing "upper limit value calculation data of engine speed at start” which is mapping data showing the relationship between clutch temperature Tmpc and upper limit value Nl of engine speed at start.
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram illustrating a configuration of a vehicle drive device 1 of a vehicle 100 including an engine 2.
- thick lines indicate mechanical connections between the devices, and arrows with broken lines indicate control signal lines.
- an engine 2 As shown in FIG. 1, an engine 2, a clutch 3, a manual transmission 4, and a differential 17 are arranged in series in the vehicle 100 in this order.
- the differential 17 is connected to drive wheels 18R and 18L of the vehicle 100.
- Drive wheels 18R and 18L are front wheels or rear wheels, or front and rear wheels of vehicle 100.
- the vehicle 100 includes an accelerator pedal 51 (engine operation member), a clutch pedal 53 (clutch operation member), and a brake pedal 56 (braking force operation member).
- the accelerator pedal 51 variably operates the engine torque output from the engine 2.
- the accelerator pedal 51 is provided with an accelerator sensor 52 that detects an accelerator stroke Ac that is an operation amount of the accelerator pedal 51.
- the clutch pedal 53 is for making the clutch 3 disengaged or connected and for changing the clutch torque Tc described later.
- the vehicle 100 includes a master cylinder 55 that generates a hydraulic pressure corresponding to the operation amount of the clutch pedal 53.
- the master cylinder 55 is provided with a clutch sensor 54 that detects the stroke (clutch stroke Cl) of the master cylinder 55.
- the brake pedal 56 is provided with a brake sensor 57 that detects an operation amount (brake stroke) of the brake pedal 56.
- the vehicle 100 includes a brake master cylinder (not shown) that generates a hydraulic pressure corresponding to the amount of operation of the brake pedal 56, and a brake device 19 (braking force) that generates a braking force on wheels according to the master pressure generated by the brake master cylinder. Generator).
- Engine 2 is a gasoline engine or diesel engine that uses hydrocarbon fuel such as gasoline or light oil.
- the engine 2 includes a drive shaft 21, a throttle valve 22, an engine rotation speed sensor 23, an oil temperature sensor 25, and a fuel injection device 28.
- the drive shaft 21 rotates integrally with a crankshaft that is driven to rotate by a piston. In this way, the engine 2 outputs the engine torque Te to the drive shaft 21 and drives the drive wheels 18R and 18L.
- the cylinder head of the engine 2 is provided with an ignition device (not shown) for igniting the air-fuel mixture in the cylinder.
- the throttle valve 22 is provided in the course of taking air into the cylinder of the engine 2.
- the throttle valve 22 adjusts the amount of air taken into the cylinder of the engine 2.
- the fuel injection device 28 is provided in the middle of a path for taking air into the engine 2 or in the cylinder head of the engine 2.
- the fuel injection device 28 is a device that injects fuel such as gasoline or light oil.
- the engine rotation speed sensor 23 is disposed at a position adjacent to the drive shaft 21.
- the engine rotation speed sensor 23 detects an engine rotation speed Ne, which is the rotation speed of the drive shaft 21, and outputs a detection signal to the control unit 10.
- the oil temperature sensor 25 detects the oil temperature t of engine oil that lubricates the engine 2 and outputs a detection signal to the control unit 10.
- the drive shaft 21 of the engine 2 is connected to a flywheel 31 that is an input member of the clutch 3 described later.
- a generator 26 and a compressor 27a of an air conditioner 27 are connected to the drive shaft 21 of the engine 2 or a shaft or gear that rotates in conjunction with the drive shaft 21.
- Generator 26 generates electric power necessary for vehicle 100.
- the clutch 3 is provided between a drive shaft 21 of the engine 2 and an input shaft 41 of a manual transmission 4 described later.
- the clutch 3 connects or disconnects the drive shaft 21 and the input shaft 41 and makes the clutch torque Tc (shown in FIG. 2) between the drive shaft 21 and the input shaft 41 variable by the operation of the clutch pedal 53 by the driver. It is a manual clutch.
- the clutch 3 includes a flywheel 31, a clutch disk 32, a clutch cover 33, a diaphragm spring 34, a pressure plate 35, a clutch shaft 36, a release bearing 37, and a slave cylinder 38.
- the flywheel 31 has a disc shape and is connected to the drive shaft 21.
- the clutch shaft 36 is connected to the input shaft 41.
- the clutch disk 32 has a disk shape, and friction materials 32a are provided on both surfaces of the outer peripheral portion thereof.
- the friction material 32a is a so-called clutch lining, and is composed of an aggregate such as metal and a binder such as a synthetic resin that couples the aggregate.
- the clutch disk 32 faces the flywheel 31 and is spline-fitted to the tip of the clutch shaft 36 so as to be axially movable and non-rotatable.
- the clutch cover 33 includes a flat cylindrical cylindrical portion 33a and a plate portion 33b extending from one end of the cylindrical portion 33a in the rotation center direction. The other end of the cylindrical portion 33 a is connected to the flywheel 31. For this reason, the clutch cover 33 rotates integrally with the flywheel 31.
- the pressure plate 35 has a disk shape with a hole in the center. The pressure plate 35 is disposed on the opposite side of the flywheel 31 so as to face the clutch disk 32 and be movable in the axial direction. A clutch shaft 36 is inserted through the center of the pressure plate 35.
- the diaphragm spring 34 includes a ring-shaped ring portion 34a and a plurality of leaf spring portions 34b extending inward from the inner peripheral edge of the ring portion 34a.
- the leaf spring part 34b is inclined so as to be gradually located on the side of the leaf part 33b toward the inner side.
- the leaf spring part 34b is elastically deformable in the axial direction.
- the diaphragm spring 34 is disposed between the pressure plate 35 and the plate portion 33b of the clutch cover 33 in a state where the plate spring portion 34b is compressed in the axial direction.
- the ring portion 34 a is in contact with the pressure plate 35.
- plate spring part 34b is connected with the inner periphery of the board
- a clutch shaft 36 is inserted through the center of the diaphragm spring 34.
- the release bearing 37 is attached to the housing of the clutch 3 (not shown). At the center of the release bearing 37, a clutch shaft 36 is inserted and disposed so as to be movable in the axial direction.
- the release bearing is composed of a first member 37a and a second member 37b that face each other and are relatively rotatable. The first member 37a is in contact with the tip of the plate portion 33b.
- the slave cylinder 38 has a push rod 38a that moves forward and backward by hydraulic pressure.
- the tip of the push rod 38 a is in contact with the second member 37 b of the release bearing 37.
- the slave cylinder 38 and the master cylinder 55 are connected by a hydraulic pipe 58.
- the clutch 3 of the present embodiment is a normally closed clutch in which the clutch 3 is in a connected state when the clutch pedal 53 is not depressed.
- Manual transmission 4 is provided between clutch 3 and differential 17. That is, the manual transmission 4 is provided between the drive shaft 21 and the drive wheels 18R and 18L.
- the manual transmission 4 selectively switches a plurality of gear stages having different gear ratios obtained by dividing the rotational speed (input shaft rotational speed Ni) by the rotational speed of the output shaft 42 (output shaft rotational speed No) on the input shaft 41. It is a step transmission.
- Either one of the input shaft 41 and the output shaft 42 includes a plurality of idle gears that can freely rotate with respect to the shaft and a plurality of fixed gears that mesh with the idle gear and cannot rotate with respect to the shaft (both not shown). ) Is attached.
- the manual transmission 4 is provided with a selection mechanism that selects one of the idle gears among the plurality of idle gears and fits the attached shaft in a non-rotatable manner. With such a configuration, the input shaft 41 rotates in conjunction with the drive wheels 18R and 18L. Further, the manual transmission 4 includes a shift operation mechanism (not shown) that converts a driver's operation of the shift lever 45 into a force for operating the selection mechanism.
- An input shaft rotational speed sensor 43 that detects the input shaft rotational speed Ni is provided at a position adjacent to the input shaft 41.
- the input shaft rotation speed Ni (clutch rotation speed Nc) detected by the input shaft rotation speed sensor 43 is output to the control unit 10.
- the output shaft 42 is rotationally connected to the drive wheels 18R and 18L via the differential 17.
- An output shaft rotation speed sensor 46 that detects an output shaft rotation speed No is provided at a position adjacent to the output shaft 42.
- the output shaft rotational speed No detected by the output shaft rotational speed sensor 46 is output to the control unit 10.
- the control unit 10 performs overall control of the vehicle 100.
- the control unit 10 has a storage unit (all not shown) composed of a CPU, RAM, ROM, nonvolatile memory, and the like.
- the CPU executes a program corresponding to the flowcharts shown in FIGS. 4, 5, and 7.
- the RAM temporarily stores variables necessary for executing the program.
- the storage unit stores the above program and the mapping data shown in FIGS. 2, 6, 8, and 9.
- the control unit 10 calculates a required engine torque Ter, which is the torque of the engine 2 requested by the driver, based on the accelerator stroke Ac of the accelerator sensor 52 based on the operation of the accelerator pedal 51 of the driver. To do. Then, the control unit 10 adjusts the opening S of the throttle valve 22 based on the required engine torque Ter, adjusts the intake air amount, adjusts the fuel injection amount of the fuel injection device 28, and controls the ignition device. .
- the supply amount of the air-fuel mixture containing fuel is adjusted, the engine torque Te output from the engine 2 is adjusted to the required engine torque Ter, and the engine rotational speed Ne is adjusted.
- the engine rotation speed Ne is maintained at an idling rotation speed (for example, 700 rpm).
- the control unit 10 (first acquisition unit) refers to the “clutch torque mapping data” representing the relationship between the clutch stroke Cl and the clutch torque Tc shown in FIG. 2, and determines the clutch stroke Cl detected by the clutch sensor 54. Based on this, a clutch torque Tc that is a torque that the clutch 3 can transmit from the drive shaft 21 to the input shaft 41 is calculated.
- the control unit 10 calculates the vehicle speed V based on the output shaft rotational speed No detected by the output shaft rotational speed sensor 46.
- the control unit 10 subtracts the input shaft rotational speed Ni detected by the input shaft rotational speed sensor 43 from the engine rotational speed Ne detected by the engine rotational speed sensor 23 to thereby obtain a clutch difference that is a differential rotational speed of the clutch 3.
- the rotational speed ⁇ c is calculated. That is, the clutch differential rotation speed ⁇ c is the differential rotation speed of the clutch 3, that is, the differential rotation speed between the drive shaft 21 and the input shaft 41.
- the control unit 10 (second acquisition unit) estimates (calculates) the clutch temperature Tmpc (temperature of the friction material 32a) based on the clutch torque Tc, the vehicle speed V, the oil temperature t, the engine rotation speed Ne, and the input shaft rotation speed Ni. ) And get.
- the method for estimating the temperature of the clutch 3 is a well-known technique described in Japanese Patent No. 4715132 and so on, and further explanation is omitted.
- “torque down control” means that the required engine torque Ter (torque indicated by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 3) calculated based on the driver's operation of the accelerator pedal 51 is As indicated by the solid line, this is control for reducing the engine torque Te.
- the engine rotational speed Ne greatly exceeds the upper limit value Nl of the engine rotational speed at the start, Overheating of the clutch 3 due to an increase in the clutch differential rotation speed ⁇ c is prevented.
- the control unit 10 calculates the engine torque Tes at the start based on the following equation (1), unlike other states. And the control part 10 controls the engine 2 so that the engine torque Te becomes the engine torque Tes at the time of start.
- Tes Tc + Ten + Tk (1)
- Ten engine speed reduction torque (negative value)
- Tk maintenance torque
- the engine speed reduction torque Ten is a negative torque necessary to reduce the engine speed of the engine 2 to the upper limit value Nl of the engine speed at the start.
- the maintenance torque Tk is a torque required to maintain the upper limit value Nl of the engine speed at the start when “torque down control” is executed. It is calculated by a load or the like by an auxiliary machine connected to the drive shaft 21 of the engine 2.
- the upper limit value Nl of the engine rotation speed at the start is calculated based on the clutch temperature Tmpc. As will be described later, by setting an upper limit value Nl of the engine speed at the time of starting that decreases as the temperature of the clutch 3 becomes higher, the temperature of the clutch 3 further increases in a state where the clutch 3 is at a high temperature. Is prevented.
- the control unit 10 determines that the clutch differential rotational speed ⁇ c is equal to or higher than a specified differential rotational speed A (for example, 500 rpm) based on detection signals output from the engine rotational speed sensor 23 and the input shaft rotational speed sensor 43. (S14: YES), the program proceeds to S15. On the other hand, if the control unit 10 determines that the clutch differential rotation speed ⁇ c is less than the specified differential rotation speed A (S14: NO), the program proceeds to S18.
- a specified differential rotational speed A for example, 500 rpm
- the control unit 10 calculates an upper limit value Nl of the engine speed at the start. Specifically, the control unit 10 calculates the upper limit value Nl of the engine speed at the start based on the clutch temperature Tmpc with reference to the “upper limit value setting data for the engine speed at the start” shown in FIG. To do.
- the “upper limit value setting data for engine speed at start” is set such that the upper limit value Nl for engine speed at start decreases as the “clutch temperature” increases.
- the clutch temperature Tmpc is lower than a predetermined temperature (for example, 250 ° C.)
- the upper limit value Nl of the engine speed at the start is set to the rotation speed limiter value (for example, 6000 rpm) of the engine 2. Is set.
- control unit 10 executes “torque down control”.
- the “torque down control” will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG.
- the program returns to S11.
- control unit 10 refers to the “clutch torque mapping data” shown in FIG. 2 and calculates the clutch torque Tc based on the clutch stroke Cl detected by the clutch sensor 54.
- the program proceeds to S17-2.
- control unit 10 calculates the upper limit value Nl of the engine rotation speed at the start by the same method as in S15 of FIG.
- the program proceeds to S17-3.
- the control unit 10 calculates the engine speed reduction torque Ten. Specifically, the control unit 10 refers to the “engine speed reduction torque calculation data” shown in FIG. 6, and obtains an “engine” obtained by subtracting the current engine speed Ne from the upper limit value Nl of the engine speed at the start. Based on the “differential rotational speed”, the engine rotational speed reduction torque Ten is calculated.
- the engine speed reduction torque Ten is set to zero. The larger the absolute value of the value obtained by subtracting the engine rotational speed reduction torque Ten from the upper limit value Nl of the engine rotational speed at the start, that is, the current engine rotational speed Ne is greater than the upper limit value Nl of the engine rotational speed at the start. Is set so that the absolute value of the engine speed reduction torque Ten increases as the value increases.
- the control unit 10 calculates the maintenance torque Tk.
- the maintenance torque Tk is a torque necessary for maintaining the upper limit value Nl of the engine rotation speed at the start in addition to the clutch torque Tc and the engine rotation speed decrease torque Ten. The calculation of the maintenance torque Tk will be described with reference to the flowchart of the “maintenance torque calculation process” shown in FIG.
- the control unit 10 calculates the auxiliary machine torque Ta.
- the auxiliary machine torque Ta is a torque necessary for driving the auxiliary machine connected to the drive shaft 21 of the engine 2 and is a total of the friction torque and the inertia torque of the auxiliary machine.
- the control unit 10 refers to the “compressor auxiliary machine torque calculation data” representing the relationship between the “engine rotational speed” and the “compressor auxiliary machine torque” shown in FIG.
- the compressor accessory torque Tac is calculated.
- the control unit 10 is connected to the generator auxiliary machine torque Tag of the generator 26, which is one of the auxiliary machines, and the auxiliary shaft connected to the drive shaft 21 of the engine 2. Calculate the auxiliary torque of the machine. Then, the control unit 10 calculates the auxiliary machine torque Ta by adding up the compressor auxiliary machine torque Tac, the generator auxiliary machine torque Tag, and the like. When S32 ends, the program proceeds to S33.
- the control unit 10 calculates the adjustment torque ⁇ .
- the adjustment torque ⁇ is a torque necessary for maintaining the engine rotation speed Ne in addition to the engine friction torque Tef and the auxiliary machine torque Ta, and is calculated based on information such as the engine rotation speed Ne.
- control unit 10 calculates the maintenance torque Tk based on the following equation (2).
- Tk Tef + Ta + T ⁇ (2)
- Tk Maintenance torque Tef: Engine friction torque
- Ta Auxiliary machine torque
- T ⁇ Adjustment torque
- control unit 10 calculates the engine torque Tes at the start based on the above equation (1).
- the program proceeds to S17-6.
- control unit 10 controls the throttle valve 22, the fuel injection device 28, and the ignition device so that the engine torque Te generated by the engine 2 becomes the engine torque Tes at the start calculated in S17-5. Control.
- S17-7 ends the program returns to S11 of FIG.
- control unit 10 controls the throttle valve 22, the fuel injection device 28, and the ignition device so that the engine torque Te generated by the engine 2 becomes the required engine torque Ter.
- the program returns to S11 of FIG.
- the “clutch / engine cooperative control” when the vehicle 100 is started will be described below with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.
- the “stopper position” is a position where each of the pedals 51, 53, and 56 is fully depressed (operated). When each pedal 51, 53, 56 is in the “stopper position”, each stroke is maximized.
- the engine 2 is controlled so as to be the required engine torque Ter based on the driver's operation of the accelerator pedal 51 (two-dot chain line in FIG. 3). Therefore, when the driver depresses the accelerator pedal 51 at the start of the vehicle 100, the engine rotational speed Ne increases as shown by a one-dot chain line in FIG. 3, and as a result, when the clutch 3 is engaged. The clutch differential rotation speed ⁇ c increases, and the clutch 3 is overheated.
- the engine 2 is controlled so as to be the engine torque Tes at the start calculated based on the clutch torque Tc, a decrease in the engine rotational speed Ne is prevented. That is, when the driver decreases the operation amount of the clutch pedal 53 and the clutch torque Tc increases, the engine torque Tes at the time of start increases with the increase of the clutch torque Tc. For this reason, it is possible to provide the vehicle drive device 1 that is prevented from lowering the engine rotation speed Ne and has excellent drivability.
- the control unit 10 calculates the upper limit value Nl of the engine rotation speed at the time of start-up that further decreases as the clutch temperature Tmpc increases.
- the control unit 10 (first arithmetic unit) determines the clutch torque Tc and the difference rotational speed between the engine rotational speed Ne and the upper limit value Nl of the engine rotational speed at the start. The engine torque Tes at the start is calculated.
- the upper limit value Nl of the engine rotational speed at the time of start-up that decreases further as the clutch temperature Tmpc becomes higher is calculated, an increase in the engine torque Tes at the time of start-up is suppressed. For this reason, when the clutch temperature Tmpc is high, further overheating of the clutch 3 is prevented, and deterioration and consumption of the clutch 3 (particularly deterioration and consumption of the friction material 32a) are prevented.
- the control unit 10 sets the engine speed reduction torque Ten to 0 when the current engine speed Ne is lower than the upper limit value Nl of the engine speed at the start. As a result, it is possible to prevent an excessive decrease in the engine rotational speed Ne, to prevent the driver from feeling uncomfortable, and to prevent occurrence of an engine stall.
- the control unit 10 determines in S17. Then, the engine 2 is controlled so as to be the engine torque Tes at the start.
- the rotational speed of the engine 2 is lower than the upper limit value Nl of the engine rotational speed when starting so that the clutch 3 is not overheated, normal engine control is performed, and engine control corresponding to the accelerator operation by the driver is performed. It becomes. For this reason, since the engine torque Te does not deviate from the driver's intention, the driver does not feel uncomfortable.
- control unit 10 calculates the maintenance torque Tk based on the load or the like acting on the engine 2 in the “maintenance torque calculation process” of FIG. Then, the control unit 10 (first calculation unit) calculates the engine torque Tes at the start in S17-5 of FIG. 5 taking into account the maintenance torque Tk. Thereby, for example, when the auxiliary machine driven by the engine 2 is stopped and the load of the engine 2 is reduced, the engine torque Tes at the start when the reduction of the load is taken into consideration is calculated. For this reason, it is possible to prevent an increase in the engine rotation speed Ne accompanying a decrease in the load on the engine 2.
- the control unit 10 determines that the engine torque Te is equal to the required engine torque Ter.
- the engine 2 is controlled as follows.
- the engine 2 is controlled to be the required engine torque Ter that reflects the driver's intention. For this reason, since the engine torque Te does not deviate from the driver's intention, an excessive increase in the engine rotational speed Ne can be prevented while suppressing the driver's uncomfortable feeling.
- the clutch stroke Cl which is the operation amount of the clutch pedal 53 detected by the clutch sensor 54 (first acquisition unit), is detected.
- the control unit 10 acquires the clutch torque Tc by referring to the “clutch torque mapping data” shown in FIG. 2 based on the clutch stroke Cl.
- the clutch torque Tc can be reliably acquired by a simple structure / method.
- the control unit 10 executes “normal control” in S18.
- the driver operates the clutch after the vehicle is started with the vehicle speed V being higher than the specified vehicle speed
- execution of the “torque down control” is prevented. For this reason, a driver's discomfort can be prevented.
- control unit 10 controls the engine 2 so that the engine torque Tes at the time of start is obtained only when the brake pedal 56 (braking force operation member) is not operated (determined as YES in S11 of FIG. 4). . Thereby, when the brake pedal 56 is operated, the engine 2 is not controlled so as to be the engine torque Tes at the start calculated based on the clutch torque Tc. For this reason, the vehicle 100 can be decelerated and stopped safely.
- control unit 10 calculates the engine rotation speed decrease torque Ten by the following method instead of using the “engine rotation speed decrease torque calculation data”.
- the control unit 10 calculates an engine speed change ⁇ e that is a time change of the engine speed Ne. Specifically, the time Tn required to reduce the current engine speed Ne to the upper limit value Nl of the engine speed at the start is calculated. This time Tn is calculated based on the engine friction torque Tef.
- control unit 10 calculates the engine rotational speed change ⁇ e by dividing the value obtained by subtracting the current engine rotational speed Ne from the upper limit value Nl of the engine rotational speed at the time of starting by the above-described necessary time Tn. .
- control unit 10 calculates the engine rotation speed decrease torque Ten based on the following equation (10).
- Ten Ie ⁇ ⁇ e (10)
- the engine inertia Ie is the moment of inertia of the rotating member of the engine 2.
- the rotating member of the engine 2 includes a crankshaft, a connecting rod, a piston, a drive shaft 21, a flywheel 31, a clutch cover 33, a pressure plate 35, and a diaphragm spring 34.
- the engine inertia Ie is set in advance.
- the operating force of the clutch pedal 53 is transmitted to the release bearing 37 via the master cylinder 55, the hydraulic pipe 58 and the slave cylinder 38.
- the operating force of the clutch pedal 53 is transmitted to the release bearing 37 via mechanical elements such as a wire, a rod, and a gear.
- the control unit 10 refers to the “clutch torque mapping data” representing the relationship between the clutch stroke Cl and the clutch torque Tc shown in FIG. 2, and the clutch stroke Cl detected by the clutch sensor 54. Based on the above, the clutch torque Tc is calculated. However, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-157184, an embodiment in which the clutch torque Tc is predicted based on the amount of change per hour of the clutch stroke Cl and the required engine torque Ter is predicted can be used.
- the clutch torque Tc is calculated based on the detection signal of the clutch sensor 54.
- the clutch torque Tc is calculated from information such as the engine inertia Ie, the engine friction torque Tef, the rotational speed of the input shaft 41 at the start of engagement, the current rotational speed of the input shaft 41, and the elapsed time from the start of engagement. But it doesn't matter.
- the clutch sensor 54 detects the stroke amount of the master cylinder 55.
- the clutch sensor 54 may be a sensor that detects the operation amount of the clutch pedal 53, the master pressure of the master cylinder 55, the stroke or fluid pressure of the slave cylinder 38, and the stroke amount of the release bearing 37.
- the control unit 10 calculates the vehicle speed V based on the output shaft rotational speed No detected by the output shaft rotational speed sensor 46.
- the control unit 10 calculates the vehicle speed V based on the wheel rotation speed detected by the wheel speed sensor that detects the rotation speed of the wheel and the sensor that detects the rotation speed of the shaft that rotates in conjunction with the wheel.
- the embodiment may be used.
- the oil temperature of the oil that lubricates the engine 2 is detected by the oil temperature sensor 25.
- the oil temperature of the oil is estimated based on a detection signal from a water temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the cooling water circulating in the engine 2.
- the clutch operating member that transmits the operating force of the driver to the clutch 3 is the clutch pedal 53.
- the clutch operating member is not limited to the clutch pedal 53, and may be a clutch lever, for example.
- an accelerator grip for adjusting the accelerator stroke Ac may be used instead of the accelerator pedal 51 for adjusting the accelerator stroke Ac. It goes without saying that the technical idea of the present invention can be applied even if the vehicle drive device of the present embodiment is applied to a motorcycle or other vehicles.
- the single control unit 10 controls the engine 2 and executes “clutch / engine cooperative control” shown in FIG.
- the engine control unit controls the engine 2 and the control unit 10 connected to the engine control unit by a communication means such as CAN (Controller Area Nlwork) executes “clutch / engine cooperative control”. There is no problem.
- the control unit 10 estimates the temperature of the clutch 3 (the temperature of the friction material 32a) based on the clutch torque Tc, the vehicle speed V, the oil temperature t, the engine rotation speed Ne, and the input shaft rotation speed Ni. is doing.
- a temperature detection sensor such as a radiation thermometer for detecting the temperature of the friction material 32a may be provided at a position adjacent to the friction material 32a to obtain the clutch temperature Tmpc.
- “when the vehicle 100 starts” includes a situation where the driver performs an operation of appropriately sliding the clutch using a half-clutch when there is a traffic jam or when entering the garage.
- SYMBOLS 1 Vehicle drive device, 2 ... Engine, 3 ... Clutch, 10 ... Control part (2nd acquisition part, engine control part, 1st calculating part, 2nd calculating part, 3rd calculating part, upper limit calculating part, load acquisition Part), 19 ... brake device (braking force generation part), 21 ... drive shaft, 25 ... oil temperature sensor (load acquisition part), 41 ... input shaft, 46 ... output shaft rotational speed sensor (vehicle speed detection part), 51 ... Accelerator pedal (engine operating member), 52 ... Accelerator sensor, 53 ... Clutch pedal (clutch operating member), 54 ... Clutch sensor (first acquisition unit), 56 ... Brake pedal (braking force operating member), 100 ...
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Control Of Vehicle Engines Or Engines For Specific Uses (AREA)
- Hydraulic Clutches, Magnetic Clutches, Fluid Clutches, And Fluid Joints (AREA)
- Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
- Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
図1に基づき、本発明の実施形態による車両用駆動装置1について説明する。図1は、エンジン2を備えた車両100の車両用駆動装置1の構成を示す構成図である。図1において、太線は各装置間の機械的な接続を示し、破線による矢印は制御用の信号線を示している。
以下に、図3を用いて、本実施形態の概要について説明する。車速Vが所定以下であり、ブレーキペダル56が踏まれておらず、クラッチ差回転速度Δcが所定以上である場合、つまり、車両100が発進状態であり、クラッチ3が半クラッチ状態である場合に、「トルクダウン制御」が実行される。
Tes=Tc+Ten+Tk…(1)
Tes=発進時のエンジントルク
Tc=クラッチトルク
Ten=エンジン回転速度減少トルク(マイナス値)
Tk=維持トルク
以下に、図4のフローチャートを用いて、「クラッチ・エンジン協調制御」について説明する。車両100のイグニッションキーがNOとされ、エンジン2が始動すると、「クラッチ・エンジン協調制御」が開始し、プログラムはS11に進む。
以下に、図5のフローチャートを用いて、「トルクダウン制御」について説明する。「トルクダウン制御」が開始すると、プログラムは、S17-1に進む。
S31において、制御部10(負荷取得部)は、現在の油温t及び現在のエンジン回転速度Neに基づいて、エンジンフリクショントルクTefを演算する。S31が終了すると、プログラムはS32に進む。
Tk=Tef+Ta+Tα…(2)
Tk…維持トルク
Tef…エンジンフリクショントルク
Ta…補機トルク
Tα…調整トルク
S34が終了すると、図5のS17-4が終了し、プログラムは、S17-5に進む。
以下に、図3及び図4を用いて、車両100の発進時における「クラッチ・エンジン協調制御」の説明をする。なお、図3において、「ストッパ位置」とは、各ペダル51、53、56が最大に踏み込まれた(操作された)位置である。各ペダル51、53、56が「ストッパ位置」にある場合には、各ストロークが最大となる。
この状態では、ブレーキペダル56が踏まれているので、図4のS11において、NOと判断され、S18に進み、「通常制御」が実行される。つまり、エンジン2の制御は、運転者のアクセル操作に依存する。この状態では、アクセルペダル51が踏まれていないので、エンジン回転速度Neはアイドリング回転速度(例えば700r.p.m.)となっている。
この状態では、クラッチ3が完全断であるので、図4のS12において、NOと判断され、S18に進み、「通常制御」が実行される。つまり、エンジン2の制御は、運転者のアクセル操作に依存する。アクセルペダル51が踏まれているので、アクセルストロークAcに応じたエンジン回転速度Ne及びエンジントルクTeとなる。
この状態では、クラッチ3が半クラッチ状態であるので、図4のS12において、YESと判断され、次いで、クラッチ差回転速度Δcが規定差回転速度A以上であるが、エンジン回転速度Neが発進時のエンジン回転速度の上限値Nlよりも低いので、S16でNOと判断され、S18に進み、「通常制御」が実行される。
この状態では、エンジン回転速度Neが発進時のエンジン回転速度の上限値Nl以上であるので、S16でYESと判断され、S18に進み、「トルクダウン制御」が実行される。エンジン回転速度Neが発進時のエンジン回転速度の上限値Nlを超えているので、マイナスの値のエンジン回転速度減少トルクTenが設定され、発進時のエンジントルクTesが減少する。この結果、エンジン回転速度Neが、「通常制御」のエンジン回転速度(図3の一点鎖線)に比べて低下し、発進時のエンジン回転速度の上限値Nlを大きく超えないように制御される。この結果、クラッチ差回転速度Δcの上昇が抑制され、クラッチ温度Tmpcの上昇が抑制される。
この状態では、エンジン回転速度Neが発進時のエンジン回転速度の上限値Nlより遅くなっているので、図4のS14の判断において、S18に進み、「通常制御」が実行される。
この状態では、クラッチ差回転速度Δcが規定差回転速度A(例えば500r.p.m.)より小さいので、S14の判断において、NOと判断され、S18に進み、「通常制御」が実行される。
上述した説明から明らかなように、車両100の発進時に(図4のS11~S14が全てYES)、上式(1)によって、クラッチトルクTc及びクラッチ温度Tmpcに基づいて演算された発進時のエンジントルクTesとなるようにエンジン2が制御される。このように、クラッチ温度Tmcに基づいて演算された発進時のエンジントルクTesとなるようにエンジン2が制御されるので、クラッチ3の過熱が防止される。つまり、クラッチ温度Tmpcが上昇すると、発進時のエンジントルクTesの上昇が抑制され、この結果、エンジン回転速度Neの上昇が抑制される。このため、クラッチ差回転速度Δcの上昇が抑制され、クラッチ3の過熱が防止される。
以下に、以上説明した実施形態と異なる点について第二の実施形態を説明する。第二の実施形態では、図5のS17-3において、制御部10は、「エンジン回転速度減少トルク演算データ」を用いる代わりに下記方法により、エンジン回転速度減少トルクTenを演算する。
Ten=Ie×ωe…(10)
Ten…エンジン回転速度減少トルクTen
Ie…エンジンイナーシャ
ωe…エンジン回転速度変化
以下に、以上説明した実施形態と異なる実施形態について説明する。以上説明した実施形態では、エンジン回転速度Neが発進時のエンジン回転速度の上限値Nl以上である場合に(図4のS16でYESと判断)、「トルクダウン制御」が実行される。しかし、エンジン回転速度Neが発進時のエンジン回転速度の上限値Nlよりも所定回転速度低い回転速度以上である場合、エンジン回転速度Neが発進時のエンジン回転速度の上限値Nlよりも所定回転速度高い回転速度以上である場合、或いは、エンジン回転速度Neが規定回転速度(例えば1500r.p.m.)以上である場合に、「トルクダウン制御」が実行される実施形態であっても差し支え無い。
t…油温
V…車速
Nl…発進時のエンジン回転速度の上限値
Δc…クラッチ差回転速度
Te…エンジントルク
Ter…要求エンジントルク
Tes…発進時のエンジントルク(トルクダウン制御時)
Tc…クラッチトルク
Ten…エンジン回転速度減少トルク
Tk…維持トルク
Tef…エンジンフリクショントルク
Ta…補機トルク
Tα…調整トルク
Claims (8)
- エンジンの駆動軸とマニュアルトランスミッションの入力軸との間に設けられ、前記駆動軸との前記入力軸間におけるクラッチトルクをクラッチ操作部材の操作により可変とするクラッチと、
前記クラッチが発生している前記クラッチトルクを取得する第1取得部と、
前記クラッチの温度を取得する第2取得部と、
前記第1取得部によって取得されたクラッチトルク及び前記第2取得部によって取得されたクラッチの温度に基づいて、発進時のエンジントルクを演算する第1演算部と、
発進時に、前記第1演算部により演算された発進時のエンジントルクとなるように前記エンジンを制御するエンジン制御部と、を有する車両用駆動装置。 - 発進時のエンジン回転速度の上限値を演算する上限演算部を有し、前記上限値は前記クラッチ温度が高くなるに従って減少するように設定され、
前記第1演算部は、前記第1取得部によって取得されたクラッチトルク及び、前記エンジンの回転速度と発進時のエンジン回転速度の上限値との差に基づいて、前記発進時のエンジントルクを演算する請求項1に記載の車両用駆動装置。 - 前記エンジン制御部は、前記エンジンの回転速度が所定値以上である場合に、前記発進時のエンジントルクとなるように前記エンジンを制御する請求項1又は請求項2に記載の車両用駆動装置。
- 前記エンジンが出力するエンジントルクを可変に操作するためのエンジン操作部材の操作量に基づいて、要求エンジントルクを演算する第2演算部を有し、
前記エンジン制御部は、前記第2演算部によって演算された要求エンジントルクが前記発進時のエンジントルク以下の場合には、前記要求エンジントルクとなるように前記エンジンを制御する請求項1~請求項3のいずれか一項に記載の車両用駆動装置。 - 前記エンジンに作用する負荷に基づき、前記エンジンの回転速度を維持するのに必要なトルクである維持トルクを演算する第3演算部を有し、
前記第1演算部は、前記第3演算部によって演算された維持トルクを加味して、前記発進時のエンジントルクを演算する請求項1~請求項4のいずれか一項に記載の車両用駆動装置。 - 前記第1取得部は、前記クラッチ操作部材の操作量を検出する請求項1~請求項5のいずれか一項に記載の車両用駆動装置。
- 前記エンジン制御部は、現在の車速が所定の速度よりも小さい場合に限り、前記発進時のエンジントルクとなるように前記エンジンを制御する請求項1~請求項6のいずれか一項に記載の車両用駆動装置。
- 前記エンジン制御部は、制動力を発生する制動力発生部の制動力を可変に操作するための制動力操作部材が操作されていない場合に限り、前記発進時のエンジントルクとなるようにエンジンを制御する請求項1~請求項7のいずれか一項に記載の車両用駆動装置。
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EP14788155.1A EP2990630A4 (en) | 2013-04-25 | 2014-03-18 | DRIVE DEVICE FOR A VEHICLE |
CN201480023214.9A CN105143643A (zh) | 2013-04-25 | 2014-03-18 | 车辆用驱动装置 |
BR112015026064A BR112015026064A2 (pt) | 2013-04-25 | 2014-03-18 | dispositivo de acionamento para veículo |
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JP2013092936A JP2014214678A (ja) | 2013-04-25 | 2013-04-25 | 車両用駆動装置 |
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CN108894883A (zh) * | 2018-06-11 | 2018-11-27 | 联合汽车电子有限公司 | 扭矩的动态控制方法及抑制发动机转速波动的方法 |
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JP6369478B2 (ja) | 2016-01-13 | 2018-08-08 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 車両用自動クラッチの制御装置 |
CN110155062A (zh) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-08-23 | 汉腾汽车有限公司 | 一种amt变速器的汽车选挡驱动控制算法 |
CN112727611B (zh) * | 2020-12-23 | 2022-07-19 | 重庆青山工业有限责任公司 | 一种汽车牵引力控制系统防止发动机熄火的控制方法 |
EP4169789B1 (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2024-02-07 | Ningbo Geely Royal Engine Components Co., Ltd. | Parallel start control method and system for hybrid vehicle, and hybrid vehicle |
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JP2014214678A (ja) | 2014-11-17 |
CN105143643A (zh) | 2015-12-09 |
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