WO2014174742A1 - 液体処理装置 - Google Patents
液体処理装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014174742A1 WO2014174742A1 PCT/JP2014/000873 JP2014000873W WO2014174742A1 WO 2014174742 A1 WO2014174742 A1 WO 2014174742A1 JP 2014000873 W JP2014000873 W JP 2014000873W WO 2014174742 A1 WO2014174742 A1 WO 2014174742A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/10—Packings; Fillings; Grids
- C02F3/101—Arranged-type packing, e.g. stacks, arrays
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/16—Biochemical fuel cells, i.e. cells in which microorganisms function as catalysts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/005—Combined electrochemical biological processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
- C02F1/46109—Electrodes
- C02F2001/46152—Electrodes characterised by the shape or form
- C02F2001/46157—Perforated or foraminous electrodes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
- C02F1/46109—Electrodes
- C02F2001/46152—Electrodes characterised by the shape or form
- C02F2001/46157—Perforated or foraminous electrodes
- C02F2001/46161—Porous electrodes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/46—Apparatus for electrochemical processes
- C02F2201/461—Electrolysis apparatus
- C02F2201/46105—Details relating to the electrolytic devices
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/46—Apparatus for electrochemical processes
- C02F2201/461—Electrolysis apparatus
- C02F2201/46105—Details relating to the electrolytic devices
- C02F2201/46115—Electrolytic cell with membranes or diaphragms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/06—Sludge reduction, e.g. by lysis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/28—Anaerobic digestion processes
- C02F3/2806—Anaerobic processes using solid supports for microorganisms
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present application relates to a liquid processing apparatus and a liquid processing unit.
- Known methods for treating waste water containing organic matter include an activated sludge method utilizing aerobic respiration of microorganisms (for example, Patent Document 1) and an anaerobic treatment method utilizing anaerobic respiration of microorganisms (for example, Patent Document 2). ing.
- activated sludge mud containing microorganisms (activated sludge) and wastewater are mixed in a biological reaction tank (aeration tank), and air necessary for the microorganisms to oxidize and decompose organic matter in the wastewater is sent to the biological reaction tank. Stir with. Thereby, the organic matter in the wastewater is subjected to oxidative decomposition treatment.
- this activated sludge method requires a huge amount of power for aeration of the biological reaction tank, and as a result of microorganisms breathing oxygen and actively metabolizing, a large amount of sludge (the dead body of microorganisms) that is industrial waste. ) Occurs.
- the anaerobic treatment method eliminates the need for aeration, so the amount of power required is greatly reduced compared to the activated sludge method. Moreover, since the free energy which microorganisms can acquire is small, sludge generation amount reduces. However, as a product of anaerobic respiration, biogas such as methane gas with flammable and characteristic odor is generated.
- One non-limiting exemplary embodiment of the present application provides a novel liquid processing apparatus and liquid processing unit capable of reducing the amount of sludge generation and suppressing the generation of biogas.
- one embodiment of the present invention is a structure including a first surface and a second surface, and is disposed between the first surface and the second surface, A first portion exposed to the outside on the first surface and a second portion exposed to the outside on the second surface, and the first portion and the second portion are electrically connected
- a conductive body a structure that is disposed between the first surface and the second surface and has an ion moving layer in which hydrogen ions move, and a first body for holding the first liquid to be processed.
- 1 treatment tank, and the first surface of the structure includes a liquid treatment apparatus located inside the first treatment tank.
- the present inventor first examined a microbial fuel cell as a wastewater treatment method capable of reducing sludge generation amount and suppressing biogas generation.
- a microbial fuel cell is disclosed in, for example, JP-A-2009-93661.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram for explaining a configuration of a microbial fuel cell of a reference example.
- the microbial fuel cell 1000 has a working electrode (negative electrode) 2, a counter electrode (positive electrode) 3, and an ion-permeable diaphragm 4 disposed between these electrodes 2 and 3, which are provided in the container 8. is doing.
- the working electrode 2 carries a microorganism 6.
- the working electrode 2 is electrically connected to the counter electrode 3 through the external circuit 7, thereby forming a closed circuit.
- a liquid (or gas) 5 containing an organic substance or the like is supplied to the working electrode 2.
- Air (or oxygen) is supplied to the counter electrode 3.
- hydrogen ions (H + ) and electrons (e ⁇ ) are generated from the liquid 5 by the catalytic action of the microorganism 6.
- the generated hydrogen ions pass through the ion permeable diaphragm 4 and move to the counter electrode 3 side, and the electrons move to the counter electrode 3 side via the external circuit 7.
- the hydrogen ions and electrons moved from the working electrode 2 are combined with oxygen (O 2 ) at the counter electrode 3 and consumed as water (H 2 O). At this time, the electric energy flowing in the closed circuit is recovered.
- an electrical wiring such as the external circuit 7, a boosting system (not shown) for using the obtained electrical energy, etc. outside the container 8 that performs the waste liquid treatment. Is provided.
- a current collector current collector sheet
- the configuration of the facility becomes complicated.
- An embodiment of the present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and provides a novel liquid processing apparatus that can reduce the amount of sludge generation and suppress the generation of biogas.
- the liquid processing apparatus which is one embodiment of the present invention is a structure having a first surface and a second surface, and is disposed between the first surface and the second surface, and the first surface A conductor having a first portion exposed to the outside on the surface and a second portion exposed to the outside on the second surface, and conducting the first portion and the second portion And a first treatment for holding a first liquid to be treated, and a structure having an ion migration layer which is disposed between the first surface and the second surface and in which hydrogen ions move.
- a tank, and the first surface of the structure is located inside the first processing tank.
- the first portion of the conductor is disposed, for example, in contact with the first liquid to be treated in the first treatment tank, and the second portion of the conductor is, for example, oxygen. It arrange
- the first liquid to be treated contains, for example, at least one of an organic substance and ammonia.
- the structure includes, for example, an anaerobic microorganism group on the first surface and an oxygen reduction catalyst on the second surface.
- the liquid processing apparatus further includes a second processing tank for holding a second liquid to be processed, and the second surface of the structure is located inside the second processing tank. Also good.
- the first portion of the conductor is disposed, for example, in contact with the first liquid to be processed in the first treatment tank, and the second portion of the conductor is, for example, the first portion. It arrange
- the first liquid to be treated contains, for example, at least one of an organic substance and ammonia
- the second liquid to be treated contains, for example, nitrogen oxide ions.
- the structure has, for example, an anaerobic microorganism group on the first surface and the second surface.
- the conductor is, for example, a porous or woven conductor sheet
- the ion transfer layer includes, for example, an ion exchange resin, and the ion exchange resin is filled in voids in the conductor sheet. It may be.
- At least a part of the conductor is located between the surface on the first surface side and the surface on the second surface side of the ion moving layer, and The surface may be covered with an insulating material.
- the conductor is, for example, disposed on the first surface side of the ion migration layer, and on the second surface side of the ion migration layer and the first conductive layer including the first portion. And a second conductive layer including the second portion, and a connection portion connecting the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer, wherein at least a part of the connection portion is
- the ion transfer layer may be located between the surface on the first surface side and the surface on the second surface side.
- connection part may be covered with an insulating material.
- the first conductive layer is, for example, porous or woven.
- the second conductive layer is, for example, porous or woven.
- the connecting portion extends through the ion moving layer in a direction from the first surface toward the second surface, for example.
- the ion moving layer includes, for example, an ion exchange membrane.
- the ion migration layer may include, for example, an ion exchange resin
- the connection portion may include, for example, a plurality of conductive particles
- the plurality of conductive particles may be dispersed in the ion exchange resin.
- the ion transfer layer includes, for example, an ion exchange resin, and the conductor is, for example, disposed on the first surface side of the ion transfer layer, and includes the first portion.
- a second conductive layer containing a plurality of conductive particles, at least a part of the plurality of conductive particles is dispersed in the ion exchange resin, and a part of the plurality of conductive particles is The second portion may be included.
- At least a part of the conductor is formed across the ion moving layer in the thickness direction.
- the liquid processing unit includes a first surface and a second surface, and is disposed between the first surface and the second surface, and the first surface is an external surface.
- a conductor having a first portion exposed to the outside and a second portion exposed to the outside on the second surface, and electrically connecting the first portion and the second portion;
- An ion moving layer disposed between the first surface and the second surface, on which hydrogen ions move.
- the conductor is, for example, a porous or woven conductor sheet
- the ion transfer layer includes, for example, an ion exchange resin, and the ion exchange resin is filled in voids in the conductor sheet. It may be.
- At least a part of the conductor is located between the surface on the first surface side and the surface on the second surface side of the ion moving layer, and The surface may be covered with an insulating material.
- the conductor is, for example, disposed on the first surface side of the ion migration layer, and on the second surface side of the ion migration layer and the first conductive layer including the first portion. And a second conductive layer including the second portion, and a connection portion connecting the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer, wherein at least a part of the connection portion is
- the ion transfer layer may be located between the surface on the first surface side and the surface on the second surface side.
- the connecting portion extends through the ion moving layer in a direction from the first surface toward the second surface, for example.
- the ion moving layer includes, for example, an ion exchange membrane.
- the ion migration layer may include, for example, an ion exchange resin
- the connection portion may include, for example, a plurality of conductive particles
- the plurality of conductive particles may be dispersed in the ion exchange resin.
- the ion transfer layer includes, for example, an ion exchange resin, and the conductor is, for example, disposed on the first surface side of the ion transfer layer, and includes the first portion.
- a second conductive layer containing a plurality of conductive particles, at least a part of the plurality of conductive particles is dispersed in the ion exchange resin, and a part of the plurality of conductive particles is The second portion may be included.
- liquid processing apparatus broadly includes an apparatus that decomposes or removes at least a part of components contained in a liquid to be processed (liquid to be processed).
- liquid to be processed is, for example, a liquid containing an organic substance, a compound containing nitrogen (hereinafter referred to as “nitrogen-containing compound”), or both.
- the liquid to be treated may be an electrolytic solution.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view illustrating a liquid processing apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment.
- the liquid processing apparatus 100 includes a structure 10 having a conductor 11 and an ion moving layer 15, and a processing tank 12 for holding a liquid 17 to be processed.
- the structure 10 has a first surface 10a and a second surface 10b. These surfaces 10a and 10b are surfaces that define the outer surface of the structure 10. For example, when the outer surface of the structure 10 is a porous surface, it may be a virtual surface.
- the 1st surface 10a is a surface located in the upstream of the moving direction of a hydrogen ion and an electron in the inside of the structure 10
- the 2nd surface 10b is a surface located in a downstream.
- the first surface 10 a of the structure 10 is located inside the processing tank 12.
- the structure 10 may be in contact with the liquid to be processed in the treatment tank 12 on the first surface 10a and in contact with the gas phase on the second surface 10b. In that case, the structure 10 may be provided so as to separate the liquid to be processed (liquid phase) and the gas phase.
- the conductor 11 is disposed inside the structure 10, that is, between the first surface 10 a and the second surface 10 b of the structure 10.
- the conductor 11 has a first portion 11a exposed to the outside on the first surface 10a and a second portion 11b exposed to the outside on the second surface 10b.
- the first portion 11a and the second portion 11b are electrically connected. “Exposing to the outside” means exposing to the outside of the structure 10. As a result, the first and second portions 11 a and 11 b of the conductor 11 can exchange electrons with the liquid phase or gas phase outside the structure 10.
- the first and second portions 11 a and 11 b are the surfaces of the end portions of the conductor 11.
- the first portion 11 a is disposed in contact with the liquid to be processed 17 in the processing tank 12.
- the 1st part 11a functions as an anode in the local battery reaction mentioned later.
- the second portion 11 b of the conductor 11 is disposed so as to be in contact with a gas containing oxygen outside the processing tank 12.
- the 2nd part 11b functions as a cathode in the local battery reaction mentioned later.
- the second portion 11b may be exposed to the atmosphere or may be installed in a chamber configured to be supplied with oxygen (or a gas containing oxygen).
- the ion moving layer 15 is disposed inside the structure 10, that is, between the first surface 10a and the second surface 10b.
- the ion transfer layer 15 may be a layer in which hydrogen ions can move, and includes, for example, an ion exchange resin or an ion exchange membrane.
- the treatment tank 12 has a configuration capable of holding the liquid to be treated 17.
- the treatment tank 12 may be configured such that the liquid 17 to be treated flows through the treatment tank 12.
- the processing tank 12 has a liquid supply port 13 for supplying the liquid 17 to be processed to the processing tank 12 and a liquid 17 for discharging the liquid 17 to be processed after the processing from the processing tank 12.
- a liquid discharge port 14 may be provided.
- the inside of the treatment tank 12 is maintained under anaerobic conditions where, for example, molecular oxygen does not exist (even if molecular oxygen is present, its concentration is extremely small). Thereby, the to-be-processed liquid 17 can be hold
- the components contained in the liquid to be processed 17 are oxidatively decomposed using the anaerobic microorganism group 16.
- the anaerobic microorganism group 16 is supported on the first portion 11 a of the conductor 11, but may be supported on the first surface 10 a of the structure 10. Alternatively, it may float on the liquid 17 to be treated in the treatment tank 12.
- the liquid to be processed 17 can be processed using a local battery reaction. More specifically, on the first surface 10 a side of the structure 10, an oxidation reaction of components contained in the liquid to be treated 17 is performed using metabolism of the anaerobic microorganism group 16. Hydrogen ions (H + ) generated by the oxidation reaction are transferred to the second surface 10 b side of the structure 10 through the ion moving layer 15. Electrons (e ⁇ ) generated by the oxidation reaction are transferred to the second surface 10 b side through the conductor 11.
- the electrons and hydrogen ions transferred from the first surface 10a side react with oxygen molecules in the gas, and an oxygen reduction reaction occurs.
- the oxidation reaction proceeds on the first surface 10a side of the structure 10 and the oxygen reduction reaction proceeds on the second surface 10b side, so that a local battery circuit is formed as a whole.
- a novel processing apparatus that can efficiently oxidatively decompose components (organic substances or nitrogen-containing compounds) contained in the liquid to be processed 17 through an electron transfer reaction.
- Organic substances or nitrogen-containing compounds contained in the liquid to be treated 17 are decomposed and removed by metabolism of anaerobic microorganisms, that is, growth of microorganisms. Since this oxidative decomposition treatment is performed under anaerobic conditions, the conversion efficiency from organic matter to new cells of microorganisms can be suppressed lower than when it is performed under aerobic conditions. For this reason, compared with the case where the activated sludge method is used, the proliferation of microorganisms, that is, the generation amount of sludge can be reduced.
- odorous methane gas is generated in a normal anaerobic process, but in the oxidative decomposition process in the present embodiment, as described later, the metabolite is, for example, carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) gas, and the generation of methane gas. Can be suppressed.
- CO 2 carbon dioxide
- maintained at the processing tank 12 contains components, such as an organic substance and a nitrogen containing compound, for example.
- a part of the components of the liquid 17 to be treated is metabolized by anaerobic microorganisms in the vicinity of the exposed portion (first portion 11a) of the conductor 11. This metabolism generates electrons and releases carbon dioxide and hydrogen ions as metabolites.
- the generated electrons move from the first portion 11 a through the inside of the conductor 11 to the second portion 11 b of the conductor 11.
- the hydrogen ions pass through the ion moving layer 15 and move to the second surface 10b side.
- oxygen molecules in the gas are combined with electrons and hydrogen ions that have moved from the liquid 17 to be processed, and water molecules are generated.
- the above-described local battery reaction (half-cell reaction) is represented by the following formula.
- the half cell reaction mentioned above is represented by the following formula
- the liquid processing apparatus 100 of this embodiment may have a simpler configuration than the microbial fuel cell.
- an anode and a cathode are provided separately, and these are connected by an external circuit.
- a current collector may be provided on the anode.
- the liquid processing apparatus 100 it is possible to form two electrodes integrally by making the both ends of the conductor 11 function as two electrodes used for the battery reaction.
- the first portion 11a of the conductor 11 can function as an anode
- the second portion 11b can function as a cathode.
- the liquid processing apparatus 100 does not need to be provided with wiring such as an external circuit normally provided in the microbial fuel cell, a current collector, and a boosting system. For this reason, a simpler equipment configuration can be realized. Furthermore, according to this embodiment, since the anode and the cathode are short-circuited and power generation is not performed, the liquid processing efficiency can be further improved.
- the structure 10 or the ion moving layer 15 separates the liquid to be processed (liquid phase) 17 held in the processing tank 12 and the gas phase containing oxygen.
- separation means physically blocking.
- the inside of the processing tank 12 can be more reliably maintained under anaerobic conditions in which molecular oxygen does not exist.
- the growth of aerobic microorganisms can be suppressed both in the treatment tank 12 and in the gas phase, so that liquid treatment can be performed more reliably under anaerobic conditions.
- the configuration of the conductor 11 is not particularly limited.
- the conductor 11 may be formed over the entire thickness of the structure 10 (thickness along the direction of movement of hydrogen ions).
- the structure 10 may extend continuously from the first surface 10a toward the second surface 10b.
- the conductor 11 may be comprised from the several electrically-conductive part electrically connected.
- a plurality of electrically connected conductive layers may be included.
- the resistance between the first portion 11a and the second portion 11b in the conductor 11 is kept low (for example, the first portion 11a and the second portion 11b are short-circuited). Higher processing efficiency can be obtained.
- at least a part of the conductor 11 may be formed across the thickness direction of the ion transfer layer 15.
- a material of the conductor 11 for example, a conductive metal such as aluminum, copper, stainless steel, nickel, titanium, or a carbon material such as carbon paper or carbon felt can be used.
- the conductor 11 may have a space (gap) continuous in the thickness direction.
- it may be a conductor sheet having voids inside, such as a porous or woven conductor sheet.
- it may be a metal plate having a plurality of through holes in the thickness direction.
- the ion transfer layer 15 includes, for example, an ion exchange resin, and the ion exchange resin may be filled in a space (void) in the conductor 11.
- the ion exchange resin may be filled in the vicinity of the gas-liquid interface generated inside the structure 10.
- the ion exchange resin for example, Nafion manufactured by DuPont, Flemion manufactured by Asahi Glass, and Selemion may be used.
- At least a part of the conductor 11 is located, for example, inside the ion moving layer 15, that is, between the surface on the first surface 10a side and the surface on the second surface 10b side of the ion moving layer 15. .
- a portion of the surface of the conductor 11 located between the surface on the first surface 10a side and the surface on the second surface 10b side may be covered with an insulating material.
- an electron and a hydrogen ion react while moving from the 1st surface 10a side of the structure 10 to the 2nd surface 10b side, and an electron and a hydrogen ion are efficiently 2nd surface 10b side.
- an insulating material for example, natural rubber, a synthetic resin, a glass fiber etc. are used.
- the oxidation reaction of the components contained in the liquid to be treated 17 on the first surface 10a side of the structure 10 may be performed using a catalyst material.
- the oxidation catalyst may be supported on the first surface 1 a of the structure 10.
- An oxygen reduction catalyst may be supported on the second surface 10b of the structure 10. Thereby, since the reduction reaction efficiency of oxygen can be improved, more efficient liquid processing can be realized.
- the oxygen reduction catalyst may be platinum.
- the oxygen reduction catalyst may include carbon particles doped with at least one nonmetal atom and metal atom.
- the atoms doped in the carbon particles are not particularly limited.
- the nonmetallic atom may be, for example, a nitrogen atom, a boron atom, a sulfur atom, or a phosphorus atom.
- the metal atom may be, for example, an iron atom or a copper atom.
- the first surface 10a of the structure 10 may be modified with, for example, an electron transfer mediator molecule.
- the to-be-processed liquid in the processing tank 12 may contain the electron transfer mediator molecule.
- the mediator molecule is not particularly limited, and may be neutral red, anthraquinone-2-6, disulfonate (AQDS), thionin, potassium ferrocyanide, or methyl viologen.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view illustrating a liquid processing apparatus 200 according to the second embodiment.
- the same components as those in the liquid processing apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 1 are identical to the same components as those in the liquid processing apparatus 100 shown in FIG.
- the liquid processing apparatus 200 includes a structure 10 having a conductor 11 and an ion moving layer 15 and a processing tank 12 for holding a liquid 17 to be processed.
- the conductor 11 has a first conductive layer 21A, a second conductive layer 21B, and a connecting portion 21C.
- 21 A of 1st conductive layers are arrange
- the first conductive layer 21 ⁇ / b> A includes a first portion 11 a exposed to the outside on the first surface 10 a of the structure 10.
- the second conductive layer 21B is disposed on the second surface 10b side of the ion transfer layer 15 and functions as a cathode in the local cell reaction.
- the second conductive layer 21 ⁇ / b> B includes a second portion 11 b exposed to the outside on the second surface 10 b of the structure 10.
- the connecting portion 21C electrically connects the first conductive layer 21A and the second conductive layer 21B. At least a part of the connecting portion 21C is located inside the ion moving layer 15, that is, between the surface on the first surface 10a side and the surface on the second surface 10b side of the ion moving layer 15. For example, as illustrated, the ion transfer layer 15 may be formed across the thickness direction.
- components contained in the liquid to be treated 17 are oxidatively decomposed by the anaerobic microorganism group 16 in the first portion 11a of the first conductive layer 21A.
- the generated hydrogen ions are transferred through the ion moving layer 15 to the second portion 11b of the second conductive layer 21B.
- the electrons generated by the oxidative decomposition are transferred from the first conductive layer 21A to the second conductive layer 21B through the connection portion 21C.
- oxygen molecules in the gas react with the transferred hydrogen ions and electrons to cause a reduction reaction of oxygen.
- the liquid processing apparatus 200 of the present embodiment has the above-described configuration, the oxidative decomposition of components contained in the liquid to be processed 17 under anaerobic conditions using a local battery reaction, as in the first embodiment. It can be performed. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to realize a novel liquid treatment that can reduce the amount of sludge generation and can suppress the generation of biogas.
- the first surface 10a of the structure 10 is defined by the surface of the first conductive layer 21A, and the entire surface of the first conductive layer 21A is external (here, the liquid 17 to be treated). Is in contact with. Note that at least a part of the surface of the first conductive layer 21 ⁇ / b> A may be in contact with the liquid 17 to be processed.
- the second surface 10b of the structure 10 is defined by the surface of the second conductive layer 21B, and the surface of the second conductive layer 21B is in contact with the outside (here, a gas containing oxygen). It is sufficient that at least a part of the surface of the second conductive layer 21B is in contact with the gas.
- the first conductive layer 21A may have a space (void) continuous in the thickness direction.
- it may be a porous or woven fabric having a plurality of voids inside.
- the plurality of gaps may be filled with the liquid 17 to be processed.
- the material of the first conductive layer 21A is not particularly limited.
- a material of the first conductive layer 21A for example, a conductive metal such as aluminum, copper, stainless steel, nickel, titanium, or a carbon material such as carbon paper or carbon felt can be used.
- the second conductive layer 21B may have a space (void) continuous in the thickness direction.
- it may be a porous or woven fabric having a plurality of voids inside.
- the material of the second conductive layer 21B is not particularly limited.
- a conductive metal such as aluminum, copper, stainless steel, nickel, or titanium, or a carbon material such as carbon paper or carbon felt can be used.
- the connecting portion 21C only needs to be configured to conduct the first conductive layer 21A and the second conductive layer 21B, and the shape thereof is not particularly limited. As illustrated, the connecting portion 21C may extend through the ion moving layer 15 in a direction from the first surface 10a to the second surface 10b. In this example, the connection portion 21C is in contact with the outside (liquid phase, gas phase) at the first and second surfaces 10a and 10b, but the connection portion 21C may not be in contact with the outside.
- the material of the connecting portion 21C is not particularly limited. For example, a conductive metal such as aluminum, copper, stainless steel, nickel, or titanium can be used as the material of the connecting portion 21C.
- the part located inside the ion moving layer 15 in the connecting part 21C may be covered with an insulating material. Thereby, it can suppress that an electron and a hydrogen ion react while moving to the 2nd surface 10b side from the 1st surface 10a, and can move an electron and a hydrogen ion to the 2nd surface 10b side efficiently. Can do.
- the entire portion of the connecting portion 21C other than the portion exposed to the outside and the portion in contact with the first and second conductive layers 21A and 21B may be covered with an insulating material.
- the insulating material is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, natural rubber, synthetic resin, or glass fiber.
- the ion moving layer 15 includes, for example, an ion exchange membrane. When an ion exchange membrane is used, hydrogen ions can be moved more effectively.
- the ion transfer layer 15 may be formed using silicone rubber or Gore-Tex manufactured by Gore. Alternatively, the ion transfer layer 15 may be an ion exchange resin layer filled in the voids in the first conductive layer 21A.
- the oxidation reaction of the components contained in the liquid to be treated 17 may be performed using a catalyst material instead of the anaerobic microorganism group.
- the catalyst material may be supported on the first surface 10 a of the structure 10.
- the second surface 10b of the structure 10 may carry an oxygen reduction catalyst.
- the first surface 10a of the structure 10 may be modified with an electron transfer mediator molecule.
- electron transfer mediator molecules may be present in the treatment tank 12.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic view illustrating a liquid processing apparatus 300 according to the third embodiment.
- the same components as those of the liquid processing apparatus 200 shown in FIG. 3 are identical to the same components as those of the liquid processing apparatus 200 shown in FIG.
- the liquid processing apparatus 300 includes the structure 10 having the conductor 11 and the ion moving layer 15 and the processing tank 12 for holding the liquid to be processed 17.
- the conductor 11 has a first conductive layer 21A, a second conductive layer 21B, and a connection portion 31C.
- the connection portion 31C electrically connects the first conductive layer 21A and the second conductive layer 21B.
- the connection part 31 ⁇ / b> C is a plurality of conductive particles 32.
- the plurality of conductive particles 32 are dispersed inside the ion transfer layer 15 so as to electrically connect the first conductive layer 21A and the second conductive layer 21B.
- components contained in the liquid to be treated 17 are oxidatively decomposed by the anaerobic microorganism group 16 in the first portion 11a of the first conductive layer 21A.
- the generated hydrogen ions are transferred through the ion moving layer 15 to the second portion 11b of the second conductive layer 21B.
- Electrons generated by the oxidative decomposition are transferred from the first conductive layer 21A to the second conductive layer 21B through the connection portion 31C.
- oxygen molecules in the gas react with the transferred hydrogen ions and electrons to cause a reduction reaction of oxygen.
- the liquid processing apparatus 300 of the present embodiment has the above-described configuration, the components contained in the liquid to be processed 17 under anaerobic conditions using a local battery reaction, as in the first and second embodiments. Can be oxidatively decomposed. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to realize a novel liquid treatment that can reduce the amount of sludge generation and can suppress the generation of biogas. Further, since there is no need to provide wiring such as an external circuit for extracting electricity to the outside, a current collector, a boosting system, etc., a simpler equipment configuration can be realized.
- the material of the plurality of conductive particles 32 to be the connection portion 31C is not particularly limited.
- a material of the conductive particles 32 for example, a conductive metal such as aluminum, copper, stainless steel, nickel, or titanium can be used.
- a carbon material such as graphite, graphene, or fullerene can be used.
- the ion moving layer 15 includes, for example, an ion exchange resin.
- an ion exchange resin When an ion exchange resin is used, hydrogen ions can be moved effectively, and a plurality of conductive particles 32 can be dispersed and supported in the resin.
- the ion transfer layer 15 may be formed using a silicone resin.
- the oxidation reaction of the components contained in the liquid to be treated 17 may be performed using a catalyst material instead of the anaerobic microorganism group.
- the catalyst material may be supported on the first surface 10 a of the structure 10.
- the second surface 10b of the structure 10 may carry an oxygen reduction catalyst.
- the first surface 10a of the structure 10 may be modified with an electron transfer mediator molecule.
- electron transfer mediator molecules may be present in the treatment tank 12.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic view illustrating a liquid processing apparatus 400 according to the fourth embodiment.
- the same components as those in the liquid processing apparatus 300 shown in FIG. 4 are identical to FIG. 4, the same components as those in the liquid processing apparatus 300 shown in FIG.
- the liquid processing apparatus 400 includes the structure 10 having the conductor 11 and the ion moving layer 15 and the processing tank 12 for holding the liquid to be processed 17.
- the conductor 11 has a first conductive layer 21A and a second conductive layer 21B.
- 21 A of 1st conductive layers are arrange
- the first conductive layer 21 ⁇ / b> A includes a first portion 11 a that is exposed to the outside on the first surface 10 a of the structure 10.
- the second conductive layer 21 ⁇ / b> B includes a plurality of conductive particles 42. At least some of the plurality of conductive particles 42 are dispersed inside the ion moving layer 15.
- some of the conductive particles 42 a include the second portion 11 b exposed to the outside on the second surface 10 b of the structure 10, and function as a cathode in the local battery reaction.
- the plurality of conductive particles 42 are present so as to electrically connect the first conductive layer 21A and the conductive particles 42a having the second portion 11b.
- components contained in the liquid to be treated 17 are oxidatively decomposed by the anaerobic microorganism group 16 in the first portion 11a of the first conductive layer 21A.
- the generated hydrogen ions are transferred through the ion moving layer 15 to the second portion 11b of the conductive particles 42a.
- the electrons generated by the oxidative decomposition are transferred from the first conductive layer 21A through the plurality of conductive particles 42 to the second portion 11b of the conductive particles 42a.
- oxygen molecules in the gas react with the transferred hydrogen ions and electrons, and an oxygen reduction reaction occurs.
- the liquid processing apparatus 400 of the present embodiment has the above-described configuration, the components contained in the liquid to be processed 17 under anaerobic conditions using a local battery reaction, as in the first to third embodiments. Can be oxidatively decomposed. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to realize a novel liquid treatment that can reduce the amount of sludge generation and can suppress the generation of biogas. Further, since there is no need to provide wiring such as an external circuit for extracting electricity to the outside, a current collector, a boosting system, etc., a simpler equipment configuration can be realized.
- the material of the plurality of conductive particles 42 is not particularly limited.
- a material of the conductive particles 42 for example, a conductive metal such as aluminum, copper, stainless steel, nickel, or titanium can be used.
- a carbon material such as graphite, graphene, or fullerene can be used.
- the ion moving layer 15 includes, for example, an ion exchange resin.
- an ion exchange resin When an ion exchange resin is used, hydrogen ions can be effectively moved, and a plurality of conductive particles 42 can be dispersed and supported in the resin.
- the ion transfer layer 15 may be formed using a silicone resin.
- the conductive particles 42 may function as an oxygen reduction catalyst.
- the oxidation reaction of the components contained in the liquid to be treated 17 may be performed using a catalyst material instead of the anaerobic microorganism group.
- the catalyst material may be supported on the first surface 10 a of the structure 10.
- the second surface 10b of the structure 10 may carry an oxygen reduction catalyst.
- the first surface 10a of the structure 10 may be modified with an electron transfer mediator molecule.
- electron transfer mediator molecules may be present in the treatment tank 12.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic view illustrating a liquid processing apparatus 500 according to the fifth embodiment.
- the same components as those in the liquid processing apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 5 are identical to the same components as those in the liquid processing apparatus 100 shown in FIG.
- the liquid processing apparatus 500 holds the structure 10 having the conductor 11 and the ion moving layer 15, the first treatment tank 12 for holding the first treatment liquid 17, and the second treatment liquid 51.
- a second treatment tank 52 for the purpose.
- the first surface 10 a of the structure 10 is located inside the first treatment tank 12.
- the second surface 10 b of the structure 10 is located inside the second treatment tank 52.
- the structure 10 is in contact with the first liquid to be processed 17 in the first processing tank 12 on the first surface 10a, and the second processing object in the second processing tank 52 on the second surface 10b. It may be in contact with the liquid 51.
- the structure 10 may be provided so as to separate the first liquid 17 to be processed and the second liquid 51 to be processed.
- the first portion 11a is disposed so as to be in contact with the first liquid to be processed 17 in the first processing tank 12, for example.
- the 1st part 11a functions as an anode in the local battery reaction mentioned later.
- the second portion 11 b of the conductor 11 is disposed so as to be in contact with the second liquid to be processed 51 in the second processing tank 52.
- the 2nd part 11b functions as a cathode in the local battery reaction mentioned later.
- the first treatment tank 12 has a configuration capable of holding the first liquid to be treated 17.
- the second processing tank 52 has a configuration capable of holding the second liquid 51 to be processed.
- the 1st processing tank 12 and the 2nd processing tank 52 may be constituted so that a processed liquid may circulate through the inside.
- a liquid supply port 13 for supplying the first processing liquid 17 to the first processing tank 12 and the processing target liquid 17 after processing.
- a liquid discharge port 14 for discharging the liquid from the treatment tank 12 may be provided.
- the second processing tank 52 includes a liquid supply port 53 for supplying the second processing liquid 51 to the second processing tank 52 and the processing target liquid 51 after processing to the second processing tank 52.
- a liquid discharge port 54 for discharging from the liquid may be provided.
- the inside of the 1st processing tank 12 and the 2nd processing tank 52 is maintained in anaerobic conditions in which molecular oxygen does not exist, for example (the concentration is very small even if molecular oxygen exists). Thereby, the 1st to-be-processed liquid 17 and the 2nd to-be-processed liquid 51 can be hold
- the anaerobic microorganism group 16 is used to oxidize and decompose components contained in the first liquid to be processed 17. Moreover, the components contained in the second liquid 51 to be treated are reduced using the anaerobic microorganism group 56.
- the anaerobic microorganism group 16 is supported on the first portion 11 a of the conductor 11, but may be supported on the first surface 10 a of the structure 10. Alternatively, it may float on the first liquid to be treated 17 in the first treatment tank 12.
- the anaerobic microorganism group 56 is supported on the second portion 11 b of the conductor 11, but may be supported on the second surface 10 b of the structure 10. Or you may float to the 2nd to-be-processed liquid 51 in the 2nd processing tank 52.
- the first processing liquid 17 and the second processing liquid 51 can be processed using a local battery reaction. More specifically, on the first surface 10 a side of the structure 10, an oxidation reaction of components contained in the first liquid to be treated 17 is performed using metabolism of the anaerobic microorganism group 16. Hydrogen ions (H + ) generated by the oxidation reaction are transferred to the second surface 10 b side of the structure 10 through the ion moving layer 15. Electrons (e ⁇ ) generated by the oxidation reaction are transferred to the second surface 10 b side through the conductor 11.
- the electrons and hydrogen ions transferred from the first surface 10a side react with the components contained in the second liquid to be treated 51 to cause a reduction reaction.
- the oxidation reaction proceeds on the first surface 10a side of the structure 10 and the reduction reaction proceeds on the second surface 10b side, so that a local battery circuit is formed as a whole.
- the oxidative decomposition of the component (organic substance or nitrogen-containing compound) contained in the first treatment liquid 17 and the reduction of the component contained in the second treatment liquid 51 are efficiently performed through an electron transfer reaction.
- a novel processing apparatus that can be performed automatically is provided.
- Organic substances or nitrogen-containing compounds contained in the first liquid to be treated 17 are decomposed and removed by the metabolism of anaerobic microorganisms, that is, the growth of microorganisms. Since this oxidative decomposition treatment is performed under anaerobic conditions, the conversion efficiency from organic matter to new cells of microorganisms can be suppressed lower than when it is performed under aerobic conditions.
- the proliferation of microorganisms that is, the generation amount of sludge can be reduced.
- odorous methane gas is generated in a normal anaerobic process, but in the oxidative decomposition process in the present embodiment, as described later, the metabolite is, for example, carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) gas, and the generation of methane gas. Can be suppressed.
- maintained at the 1st processing tank 12 contains components, such as an organic substance and a nitrogen containing compound, for example.
- a part of the components of the first liquid to be treated 17 is metabolized by anaerobic microorganisms in the vicinity of the exposed portion of the conductor 11 (first portion 11a). This metabolism generates electrons and releases carbon dioxide and hydrogen ions as metabolites.
- the generated electrons move from the first portion 11 a through the inside of the conductor 11 to the second portion 11 b of the conductor 11.
- the hydrogen ions pass through the ion moving layer 15 and move to the second surface 10b side.
- components in the second liquid to be treated 51 for example, nitrogen oxide ions such as nitrate ions and nitrite ions move from the first liquid to be treated 17. It combines with the generated electrons and hydrogen ions and is reduced to produce water molecules.
- the above-described half-cell reaction is expressed by the following equation.
- the first part 11a (anode) of the conductor 11 5C 6 H 12 O 6 + 30H 2 O ⁇ 30CO 2 + 120H + + 120e ⁇
- the second part 11b (cathode) of the conductor 11 24HNO 3 + 120H + + 120e ⁇ ⁇ 12N 2 + 72H 2 O
- the half cell reaction mentioned above can be represented with the following formula
- the configuration of the structure 10 is not particularly limited. Although FIG. 5 shows an example in which the structure 10 in the first embodiment is used, the present embodiment can be realized even if the structure 10 in the second or third embodiment is used.
- a catalytic material is used in place of the anaerobic microorganism group for the oxidative decomposition of the component contained in the first liquid to be treated 17 and the reduction of the component contained in the second liquid to be treated 51. It may be done.
- the catalyst material may be supported on the first surface 10 a and the second surface 10 b of the structure 10.
- the first surface 10a of the structure 10 may be modified with an electron transfer mediator molecule.
- electron transfer mediator molecules may be present in the treatment tank 12.
- the structure 10 in the first to fifth embodiments described above is also referred to as a “liquid processing unit”.
- the liquid processing unit may be a complex having the conductor 11 and the ion transfer layer 15, and may not have a microorganism, a redox catalyst, a mediator molecule, or the like.
- One embodiment of the present invention can be widely applied to treatment of liquids containing organic substances and nitrogen-containing compounds, for example, wastewater generated from factories of various industries, organic wastewater such as sewage sludge, and the like. It can also be used to improve the water environment.
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Abstract
Description
以下、図面を参照しながら、本発明による液体処理装置の第1の実施形態を説明する。本明細書では、「液体処理装置」は、処理しようとする液体(被処理液)に含有されている成分の少なくとも一部を分解あるいは除去する装置を広く含む。「被処理液」は、例えば、有機物、窒素を含む化合物(以下、「窒素含有化合物」とする。)またはその両方を含有する液体である。被処理液は電解液であってもよい。
・導電体11の第1の部分11a(アノード):
C6H12O6 + 6H2O → 6CO2 + 24H+ + 24e-
・導電体11の第2の部分11b(カソード):
6O2 + 24H+ + 24e- → 12H2O
・導電体11の第1の部分11a(アノード):
4NH3 → 2N2 + 12H+ + 12e-
・導電体11の第2の部分11b(カソード):
3O2 + 12H+ + 12e- → 6H2O
以下、図面を参照しながら、本発明による液体処理装置の第2の実施形態を説明する。
以下、図面を参照しながら、本発明による液体処理装置の第3の実施の形態を説明する。
以下、図面を参照しながら、本発明による液体処理装置の第4の実施の形態を説明する。
以下、図面を参照しながら、本発明による液体処理装置の第5の実施の形態を説明する。
・導電体11の第1の部分11a(アノード):
5C6H12O6 + 30H2O → 30CO2 + 120H+ + 120e-
・導電体11の第2の部分11b(カソード):
24HNO3 + 120H+ + 120e- → 12N2 + 72H2O
・導電体11の第1の部分11a(アノード):
10NH3 → 5N2 + 30H+ + 30e-
・導電体11の第2の部分11b(カソード):
6HNO3 + 30H+ + 30e- → 3N2 + 18H2O
3 対極
4 イオン透過性隔膜
5 液体
6 微生物
7 外部回路
8 容器
10 構造体(液体処理ユニット)
10a、10b 構造体の面
11 導電体
11a、11b 導電体の部分
21A、21B 導電層
21C、31C 接続部
12、52 処理槽
13、53 液体供給口
14、54 液体排出口
15 イオン移動層
16、56 嫌気性微生物群
17、51 被処理液
32、42、42a 導電性粒子
1000 微生物燃料電池
100、200、300、400、500 液体処理装置
Claims (27)
- 第1の面および第2の面を有する構造体であって、
前記第1の面と前記第2の面との間に配置され、前記第1の面で外部に露出した第1の部分と前記第2の面で外部に露出した第2の部分とを有し、かつ、前記第1の部分と前記第2の部分とを導通する導電体、および、
前記第1の面と前記第2の面との間に配置され、水素イオンが移動するイオン移動層
を有する構造体と、
第1の被処理液を保持するための第1の処理槽と
を備え、
前記構造体の前記第1の面は、前記第1の処理槽の内部に位置している液体処理装置。 - 前記導電体の前記第1の部分は、前記第1の処理槽内で前記第1の被処理液と接するように配置され、前記導電体の前記第2の部分は、酸素を含む気体と接するように配置されている、請求項1に記載の液体処理装置。
- 前記第1の被処理液は、有機物およびアンモニアのうち少なくとも一方を含有する、請求項2に記載の液体処理装置。
- 前記構造体は、前記第1の面に嫌気性微生物群を担持し、前記第2の面に酸素還元触媒を担持している、請求項1から3のいずれかに記載の液体処理装置。
- 第2の被処理液を保持するための第2の処理槽をさらに備え、
前記構造体の前記第2の面は、前記第2の処理槽の内部に位置している、請求項1に記載の液体処理装置。 - 前記導電体の前記第1の部分は、前記第1の処理槽内で前記第1の被処理液と接するように配置され、前記導電体の前記第2の部分は、前記第2の処理槽内で前記第2の被処理液と接するように配置されている、請求項5に記載の液体処理装置。
- 前記第1の被処理液は、有機物およびアンモニアのうち少なくとも一方を含有し、
前記第2の被処理液は、窒素酸化物イオンを含有する、請求項5または6に記載の液体処理装置。 - 前記構造体は、前記第1の面及び前記第2の面に嫌気性微生物群を担持している、請求項5から7のいずれかに記載の液体処理装置。
- 前記導電体は、多孔質または織布状の導電体シートであり、
前記イオン移動層は、イオン交換樹脂を含み、
前記イオン交換樹脂は、前記導電体シート内の空隙に充填されている、請求項1から8のいずれかに記載の液体処理装置。 - 前記導電体の少なくとも一部は、前記イオン移動層の前記第1の面側の表面と前記第2の面側の表面との間に位置しており、
前記少なくとも一部の導電体の表面は、絶縁性材料で覆われている、請求項9に記載の液体処理装置。 - 前記導電体は、
前記イオン移動層の前記第1の面側に配置され、かつ、前記第1の部分を含む第1の導電層と、
前記イオン移動層の前記第2の面側に配置され、かつ、前記第2の部分を含む第2の導電層と、
前記第1の導電層と前記第2の導電層とを接続する接続部と
を含み、
前記接続部の少なくとも一部は、前記イオン移動層の前記第1の面側の表面と前記第2の面側の表面との間に位置している、請求項1から8のいずれかに記載の液体処理装置。 - 前記少なくとも一部の接続部の表面は、絶縁性材料で覆われている、請求項11に記載の液体処理装置。
- 前記第1の導電層は、多孔質または織布状である、請求項11または12に記載の液体処理装置。
- 前記第2の導電層は、多孔質または織布状である、請求項11から13のいずれかに記載の液体処理装置。
- 前記接続部は、前記第1の面から前記第2の面に向かう方向に、前記イオン移動層を貫通して延びている、請求項11から14のいずれかに記載の液体処理装置。
- 前記イオン移動層はイオン交換膜を含む、請求項15に記載の液体処理装置。
- 前記イオン移動層はイオン交換樹脂を含み、
前記接続部は、複数の導電性粒子を含み、
前記複数の導電性粒子は前記イオン交換樹脂中に分散している、請求項11から14のいずれかに記載の液体処理装置。 - 前記イオン移動層はイオン交換樹脂を含み、
前記導電体は、
前記イオン移動層の前記第1の面側に配置され、かつ、前記第1の部分を含む第1の導電層と、
複数の導電性粒子を含む第2の導電層と
を含み、前記複数の導電性粒子の少なくとも一部は前記イオン交換樹脂中に分散しており、前記複数の導電性粒子の一部は前記第2の部分を含む、請求項1から8のいずれかに記載の液体処理装置。 - 前記導電体の少なくとも一部は、前記イオン移動層を厚さ方向に横切って形成されている、請求項1から18のいずれかに記載の液体処理装置。
- 第1の面および第2の面を有し、
前記第1の面と前記第2の面との間に配置され、前記第1の面で外部に露出した第1の部分と前記第2の面で外部に露出した第2の部分とを有し、かつ、前記第1の部分と前記第2の部分とを導通する導電体と、
前記第1の面と前記第2の面との間に配置され、水素イオンが移動するイオン移動層と備える液体処理ユニット。 - 前記導電体は、多孔質または織布状の導電体シートであり、
前記イオン移動層は、イオン交換樹脂を含み、
前記イオン交換樹脂は、前記導電体シート内の空隙に充填されている、請求項20に記載の液体処理ユニット。 - 前記導電体の少なくとも一部は、前記イオン移動層の前記第1の面側の表面と前記第2の面側の表面との間に位置しており、
前記少なくとも一部の導電体の表面は、絶縁性材料で覆われている、請求項21に記載の液体処理ユニット。 - 前記導電体は、
前記イオン移動層の前記第1の面側に配置され、かつ、前記第1の部分を含む第1の導電層と、
前記イオン移動層の前記第2の面側に配置され、かつ、前記第2の部分を含む第2の導電層と、
前記第1の導電層と前記第2の導電層とを接続する接続部と
を含み、
前記接続部の少なくとも一部は、前記イオン移動層の前記第1の面側の表面と前記第2の面側の表面との間に位置している請求項20に記載の液体処理ユニット。 - 前記接続部は、前記第1の面から前記第2の面に向かう方向に、前記イオン移動層を貫通して延びている、請求項23に記載の液体処理ユニット。
- 前記イオン移動層はイオン交換膜を含む、請求項24に記載の液体処理ユニット。
- 前記イオン移動層はイオン交換樹脂を含み、
前記接続部は、複数の導電性粒子を含み、
前記複数の導電性粒子は前記イオン交換樹脂中に分散している、請求項23に記載の液体処理ユニット。 - 前記イオン移動層はイオン交換樹脂を含み、
前記導電体は、
前記イオン移動層の前記第1の面側に配置され、かつ、前記第1の部分を含む第1の導電層と、
複数の導電性粒子を含む第2の導電層と
を含み、前記複数の導電性粒子の少なくとも一部は前記イオン交換樹脂中に分散しており、前記複数の導電性粒子の一部は前記第2の部分を含む、請求項20に記載の液体処理ユニット。
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US14/784,164 US9663391B2 (en) | 2013-04-22 | 2014-02-20 | Liquid processing apparatus |
CN201480022847.8A CN105143114B (zh) | 2013-04-22 | 2014-02-20 | 液体处理装置 |
EP14787631.2A EP2977356B1 (en) | 2013-04-22 | 2014-02-20 | Liquid processing apparatus and structure for said apparatus |
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JP2013089405A JP6065321B2 (ja) | 2013-04-22 | 2013-04-22 | 液体処理装置 |
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US (1) | US9663391B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2977356B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6065321B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN105143114B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2014174742A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP3199496A4 (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2017-08-02 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Liquid processing unit and liquid processing device |
Families Citing this family (7)
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WO2016129678A1 (ja) * | 2015-02-12 | 2016-08-18 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 積層体及び水処理システム |
US20200317543A1 (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2020-10-08 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co.,Ltd | Purification unit and purification device |
CN109195925A (zh) * | 2016-06-01 | 2019-01-11 | 松下知识产权经营株式会社 | 净化单元及净化装置 |
WO2019078002A1 (ja) * | 2017-10-18 | 2019-04-25 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 液体処理システム |
WO2019107303A1 (ja) * | 2017-11-30 | 2019-06-06 | パナソニック株式会社 | 浄化装置及び浄化電極 |
CN113003701B (zh) * | 2021-02-08 | 2022-12-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | 电耦生物滤池深度净化铅锌矿尾矿库废水装置 |
CN114044574A (zh) * | 2022-01-13 | 2022-02-15 | 广州创出环保科技有限公司 | 一种用于处理污水的共栖生物载体 |
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- 2014-02-20 CN CN201480022847.8A patent/CN105143114B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2977356A4 (en) | 2016-05-11 |
EP2977356A1 (en) | 2016-01-27 |
CN105143114A (zh) | 2015-12-09 |
US9663391B2 (en) | 2017-05-30 |
EP2977356B1 (en) | 2017-04-26 |
CN105143114B (zh) | 2017-11-24 |
JP2014213211A (ja) | 2014-11-17 |
JP6065321B2 (ja) | 2017-01-25 |
US20160052810A1 (en) | 2016-02-25 |
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