WO2014171132A1 - 摩擦撹拌接合装置および摩擦撹拌接合方法 - Google Patents
摩擦撹拌接合装置および摩擦撹拌接合方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014171132A1 WO2014171132A1 PCT/JP2014/002130 JP2014002130W WO2014171132A1 WO 2014171132 A1 WO2014171132 A1 WO 2014171132A1 JP 2014002130 W JP2014002130 W JP 2014002130W WO 2014171132 A1 WO2014171132 A1 WO 2014171132A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- shoulder
- workpiece
- stir welding
- friction stir
- rotating shaft
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/123—Controlling or monitoring the welding process
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
- B23K20/125—Rotary tool drive mechanism
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
- B23K20/1255—Tools therefor, e.g. characterised by the shape of the probe
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
- B23K20/126—Workpiece support, i.e. backing or clamping
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/128—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding making use of additional material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K37/02—Carriages for supporting the welding or cutting element
- B23K37/0211—Carriages for supporting the welding or cutting element travelling on a guide member, e.g. rail, track
- B23K37/0235—Carriages for supporting the welding or cutting element travelling on a guide member, e.g. rail, track the guide member forming part of a portal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K37/02—Carriages for supporting the welding or cutting element
- B23K37/0282—Carriages forming part of a welding unit
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K37/02—Carriages for supporting the welding or cutting element
- B23K37/0294—Transport carriages or vehicles
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for joining joined workpieces by friction stir welding.
- a bobbin type rotary tool has been developed in which a pair of shoulders for holding a workpiece are provided on both sides of a probe.
- the bobbin type rotary tool is moved along the boundary between the workpieces while being rotated in a state where the axial direction of the rotary tool is perpendicular to the workpiece.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a friction stir welding apparatus that can rotate a first shoulder that rotates on the surface of a workpiece and a second shoulder that rotates on the back surface of the workpiece at different speeds.
- the friction stir welding apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 1 has a problem in that a recess is formed in a region after joining when there is a gap between the butted workpieces.
- the rotation speed of the second shoulder on the back surface side is made faster than the rotation speed of the first shoulder on the front surface side.
- the present invention provides a friction stir welding apparatus and a friction stirrer that can prevent the formation of depressions on both sides of the joining trace on the surface side of the region after joining regardless of the presence or absence of a gap between the workpieces.
- An object is to provide a joining method.
- the friction stir welding apparatus of the present invention is a device for joining the abutted works to each other by friction stir welding, and includes a rotary shaft on which a thread for friction stirring is formed, and the rotation A rotating shoulder fixed to the tip of the shaft and rotating together with the rotating shaft to generate frictional heat with the back surface of the workpiece, and the rotating shaft rotatably supporting the rotating shaft on the surface side of the workpiece
- a drive unit including a motor for rotating a shaft; a pressing mechanism for pressing the rotary shoulder against a back surface of the work; and the drive unit or the drive penetrating the rotary shaft and sandwiching the work together with the rotary shoulder A stationary shoulder that is non-rotatably attached to a member connected to the unit.
- the above friction stir welding apparatus may further include a biasing member that presses the stationary shoulder against the surface of the workpiece. According to this configuration, even if there is a undulation on the surface of the workpiece, the stationary shoulder can follow the undulation.
- the friction stir welding apparatus further includes a detector for detecting a pressing force of the rotary shoulder against the back surface of the workpiece, and the pressing mechanism is configured to operate according to a detection value of the detector. May be. Alternatively, the pressing mechanism may be configured to operate according to the current value of the motor. According to these configurations, the pressing force of the rotating shoulder against the back surface of the work can be kept constant.
- the screw shaft is also formed on the rotating shaft in a region overlapping with the stationary shoulder, and the rotating shoulder side surface of the stationary shoulder is rotated from the central hole inserted into the rotating shaft.
- a wire supply groove for supplying a wire made of a material that can be stirred with the workpiece to the screw thread, extending in a joining direction, which is a direction in which the shaft is moved along the boundary between the workpieces, may be formed. According to this structure, it can suppress that the back surface side of the area
- the friction stir welding apparatus may further include a pressing roller that is disposed in the bonding direction with respect to the stationary shoulder and presses the wire against the surface of the workpiece.
- a wire can be supplied to a screw thread by the relative movement of a workpiece
- a part may be formed.
- a linear convex part or a recessed part can be formed in the surface side of the area
- the friction stir welding apparatus further includes a support body connected to the drive unit so as to be slidable in the axial direction of the rotary shaft, and the pressing mechanism moves the drive unit relative to the support body.
- the stationary shoulder may be attached to the support. According to this configuration, it is possible to independently adjust the pressing force of the stationary shoulder to the work surface and the pressing force of the rotary shoulder to the back surface of the work.
- the friction stir welding method of the present invention is a method for joining the abutted workpieces by friction stir welding, wherein the rotary shoulder fixed to the tip of the rotating shaft on which the thread for friction stirring is formed is The workpiece is rotated while the rotary shaft is kept perpendicular to the workpiece while being pressed against the back surface of the workpiece and a non-rotatable stationary shoulder penetrated by the rotary shaft is pressed against the surface of the workpiece. It moves along the boundary between each other.
- the screw thread is also formed in a region where the stationary shoulder overlaps, and a contact surface of the stationary shoulder with the workpiece is from a central hole inserted through the rotating shaft,
- a wire supply groove extending in the joining direction which is a direction in which the rotating shaft is moved along the boundary between the workpieces, is formed, and the rotary shoulder is moved in the joining direction, and the workpiece and the agitable material
- the wire may be supplied to the screw thread through the wire supply groove.
- FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 2.
- 4A is a cross-sectional view taken along line IVA-IVA in FIG. 2
- FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along line IVB-IVB in FIG.
- FIG. 5A is a view showing a result of joining workpieces having a gap of zero using a conventional bobbin type rotary tool
- FIG. 5B is a workpiece having a gap of a large amount using the rotary tool. It is a figure which shows a result when joining each other.
- FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 2.
- 4A is a cross-sectional view taken along line IVA-IVA in FIG. 2
- FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along line IVB-IVB in FIG.
- FIG. 5A is a view showing a result of joining workpieces having a gap of zero using a conventional bobbin type rotary tool
- FIGS. 6A to 6D are views of the stationary shoulder and the rotating shoulder as seen from the direction opposite to the joining direction.
- FIG. 1 shows a friction stir welding apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- This apparatus 1 joins the workpiece
- the device 1 includes an elevating device 14, a traversing device 12, and a traveling device 11 that move the drive unit 3 three-dimensionally via the support body 16, and a control device 7 that performs overall control. ing.
- the configuration of the friction stir welding apparatus 1 is not limited to that shown in FIG.
- the configuration of the friction stir welding apparatus 1 may be a table moving type as shown in FIG. 8, a gate structure (gantry) type as shown in FIG. 9, or an automatic cart type as shown in FIG. That is, any configuration may be used as long as the rotary shaft 2 is configured to move relative to the workpiece W.
- WORK W is placed on a fixed base (not shown). As shown in FIG. 4B, the workpieces W may be arranged in a horizontal direction with their end faces in contact with each other, or may be arranged so that a gap is formed between the end faces.
- the traveling device 11 moves the rotary shaft 2 in the direction indicated by the arrow D in FIG. 1 along the boundary WB between the workpieces W. That is, the direction indicated by the arrow D is the joining direction.
- the workpiece W is a plate-like member whose front surface faces upward and whose back surface faces downward.
- the drive unit 3 is located above the surface side of the workpiece
- work W and the position of the drive unit 3 may be reverse to this embodiment.
- the posture of the workpiece W does not necessarily have to be horizontal, and may be vertical or diagonal. That is, the axial direction of the rotating shaft 2 may be any direction as long as it is perpendicular to the workpiece W.
- the workpiece W is not necessarily a plate-like member, and may be a tubular member.
- the surface of the workpiece W is an outer peripheral surface, and the back surface is an inner peripheral surface.
- the drive unit 3 may be rotated around the workpiece W by, for example, an articulated robot.
- the workpiece may be one surface portion of a member having a double skin structure.
- the rotary shaft 2 has a large diameter portion 2b accommodated in the drive unit 3 and a small diameter portion 2a protruding downward from the drive unit 3.
- the large-diameter portion 2b is rotatably supported by the drive unit 3 via a bearing 31.
- the drive unit 3 includes a motor 32 that rotates the rotary shaft 2.
- the large-diameter portion 2b does not necessarily have to be accommodated in the drive unit 3 as a whole.
- the lower portion of the large-diameter portion 2b may protrude downward from the drive unit 3 to a horizontal portion 16b described later of the support body 16.
- the support 16 has an L shape in a side view, and has a vertical portion 16 a located on the side of the drive unit 3 and a horizontal portion 16 b located below the drive unit 3.
- the drive unit 3 is connected to the vertical portion 16a of the support 16 so as to be slidable in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 2, that is, in the vertical direction.
- the vertical portion 16 a of the support 16 is connected to the lifting device 14 and is lifted and lowered by the drive mechanism 15 of the lifting device 14.
- the elevating device 14 is connected to the traversing device 12 and traversed by the drive mechanism 13 of the traversing device 12.
- the traversing device 12 is connected to a self-propelled traveling device 11.
- positioning of the raising / lowering apparatus 14 and the traversing apparatus 12 is interchangeable.
- the drive mechanism 15 of the elevating device 14 and the drive mechanism 13 of the traversing device 12 may be, for example, a combination of a motor, a screw shaft, and a nut member, or may be a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder or an electric cylinder.
- the drive mechanisms 13 and 15 may be manually operated.
- a pressing mechanism 6 that moves the drive unit 3 in the vertical direction with respect to the support body 16 is provided.
- the pressing mechanism 6 is for pressing a rotation shoulder 5 described later against the back surface of the workpiece W.
- the pressing mechanism 6 is a combination of a motor, a screw shaft, and a nut member.
- the pressing mechanism 6 may be, for example, a combination of a motor, a rack, and a pinion, or may be a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder or an electric cylinder.
- a load cell is provided on the screw shaft of the pressing mechanism 6 as the detector 61 for detecting the pressing force of the rotating shoulder 5 against the back surface of the workpiece W.
- a pressure gauge that detects the pressure in the cylinder or piping can be used as the detector 61.
- an electric cylinder is used as the pressing mechanism 6, the current value flowing through the electric cylinder correlates with the pressing force of the rotary shoulder 5 against the back surface of the work W, and therefore an ammeter that measures the current value is used as the detector 61. It is possible to use.
- the small-diameter portion 2a of the rotary shaft 2 extends through the horizontal portion 16b of the support body 16, and the rotary shoulder 5 is fixed to the tip of the small-diameter portion 2a.
- a stationary shoulder 4 that is passed through the small diameter portion 2a of the rotating shaft 2 and sandwiches the workpiece W together with the rotating shoulder 5 is attached to the horizontal portion 16b of the support 16 so as not to rotate. That is, the stationary shoulder 4 has a center hole 41 inserted through the small diameter portion 2 a of the rotating shaft 2.
- the small-diameter portion 2a includes a main body portion 25 that is continuous with the large-diameter portion 2b, and a pin portion 26 that has a smaller diameter than the main body portion 25 and extends further downward from the main body portion 25.
- the length of the main body 25 is set so that the lower end of the main body 25 is located in the center hole 41 of the stationary shoulder 4 (more precisely, the position above the center hole 41).
- a lower portion of the pin portion 26 enters the rotary shoulder 5.
- a thread 21 for friction stirring is formed above the rotating shoulder 5 in the pin portion 26.
- the thread 21 has a spiral shape that is opposite to the rotation direction of the rotary shaft 2 from the stationary shoulder 4 toward the rotary shoulder 5. For this reason, in the vicinity of the thread 21, the softened part of the workpiece W due to friction with the thread 21 flows toward the rotating shoulder 5.
- the screw thread 21 is formed on the entire portion of the pin portion 26 above the rotating shoulder 5. In other words, the screw thread 21 is also formed in a region overlapping the stationary shoulder 4 in the small diameter portion 2 a of the rotating shaft 2.
- a thread 22 for fixing the rotary shoulder 5 is formed at a lower portion of the portion of the pin portion 26 that enters the rotary shoulder 5.
- the rotating shoulder 5 is formed with a bottomed screw hole that is screwed with the screw thread 22.
- the fixing method of the rotation shoulder 5 is not restricted to this.
- the screw hole of the rotation shoulder 5 may not be bottomed, and the rotation shoulder 5 may be fixed to the pin portion 26 with a set screw.
- the rotary shoulder 5 rotates with the rotary shaft 2 and generates frictional heat with the back surface of the workpiece W.
- the rotation shoulder 5 is a disk-shaped member whose upper surface and lower surface are parallel. That is, the upper surface of the rotating shoulder 5 is a contact surface with the workpiece W.
- a tapered surface is formed on the peripheral edge of the upper surface of the rotating shoulder 5.
- the stationary shoulder 4 is formed in a substantially home-base shape that is pointed in the joining direction D in plan view.
- the shape of the stationary shoulder 4 is not necessarily limited to this, and may be, for example, a circular shape or a polygonal shape in plan view.
- the diameter of the center hole 41 described above is slightly larger than the diameter of the main body portion 25 of the small diameter portion 2a.
- the upper surface of the stationary shoulder 4 is flat in the horizontal direction, but the lower surface, which is the surface on the rotating shoulder 5 side, has a portion on the joining direction D side that rises toward the joining direction D, and the remaining portion is parallel to the upper surface. It has become. That is, the portion other than the portion that rises in the joining direction D on the lower surface of the stationary shoulder 4 is the contact surface with the workpiece W.
- the edge of the contact surface is rounded into a circular arc shape in cross section.
- a wire supply groove 42 extending from the center hole 41 in the joining direction D is formed on the lower surface of the stationary shoulder 4.
- the wire supply groove 42 is for supplying the work W and the wire 10 made of a stirrable material to the screw thread 21.
- the wire 10 is supplied to the screw thread 21 through the wire supply groove 42, the wire 10 is fluidized by frictional heat generated between the wire 10 and the thread W 21, and is frictionally stirred together with the workpiece W.
- the material of the wire 10 may be the same as that of the workpiece W.
- the component of the wire 10 may be slightly different from the workpiece W.
- the frictional heat that fluidizes the workpiece W is approximately 100 ° C. or more lower than the melting point of the workpiece W, it is desirable that the wire 10 does not melt with the frictional heat.
- an adjustment mechanism 8 that adjusts the supply amount of the wire 10 to the screw thread 21 is provided on the horizontal portion 16 b of the support 16. That is, the adjusting mechanism 8 is disposed in the joining direction D with respect to the stationary shoulder.
- the adjustment mechanism 8 includes a pressing roller 81 that presses the wire 10 against the surface of the workpiece W, and a holding portion 82 that can change the pressing force of the pressing roller 81.
- the supply amount of the wire 10 is appropriately determined according to the diameter of the wire 10 and the pressing force of the rotary shoulder 5.
- the wire 10 slides on the surface of the workpiece W in the direction opposite to the joining direction D. In other words, the wire 10 is drawn into the wire supply groove 42 on the workpiece W.
- the supply amount of the wire 10 is small, the wire 10 slides in the joining direction D on the surface of the workpiece W while being pushed by the rotating shaft 2.
- a plurality of coil springs are arranged around the small diameter portion 2 a of the rotary shaft 2 as a biasing member 9 that presses the stationary shoulder 4 against the surface of the workpiece W.
- the urging member 9 it is also possible to use a single coil spring inserted into the small diameter portion 2a having an inner diameter larger than that of the small diameter portion 2a of the rotary shaft 2.
- the pressing mechanism 6 for pressing the rotating shoulder 5 against the back surface of the workpiece W is configured to operate according to the detection value of the detector 61. Specifically, the detector 61 and the pressing mechanism 6 are connected to the control device 7, and the control device 7 presses the pressing mechanism 6 (to be precise, so that the detection value of the detector 61 is kept within a predetermined range. Control the motor).
- the work W is fixed in advance in a state of being abutted on a fixed base (not shown), and the device 1 is set at a position where the thread 21 of the rotary shaft 2 is in contact with the end surface of the work W.
- the drive mechanism 13 of the traversing device 12 is operated to position the center of the rotary shaft 2 on the extension line of the boundary WB between the workpieces W.
- the driving mechanism 15 of the lifting device 14 is operated to move the support 16 to a position where the stationary shoulder 4 is pressed against the surface of the workpiece W with an appropriate pressing force.
- the pressing mechanism 6 the drive unit 3 is moved to a position where the rotating shoulder 5 is pressed against the back surface of the workpiece W with a pressing force in which the detection value of the detector 61 falls within a predetermined range.
- the wire 10 is inserted into the wire supply groove 42 of the stationary shoulder 4 so that the tip of the wire 10 reaches the thread 21 while being inserted between the presser roller 81 of the adjustment mechanism 8 and the work W.
- the control device 7 drives the motor 32 of the drive unit 3 and causes the traveling device 11 to travel. Thereby, the rotating shaft 2 is moved along the boundary WB between the workpieces W while being rotated while being kept perpendicular to the workpieces W.
- the wire 10 is supplied to the screw thread 21 through the wire supply groove 42 of the stationary shoulder 4.
- the control device 7 controls the pressing mechanism 6 so that the detection value of the detector 61 is maintained within the predetermined range.
- the stationary shoulder 4 does not rotate on the surface side of the workpiece W, so that frictional heat that softens the workpiece W does not occur. Therefore, not only when there is no gap between the workpieces W, but also when there is a gap, it is possible to prevent the formation of depressions on both sides of the bonding trace on the surface side of the region WJ after bonding.
- the upper and lower shoulder distance G of the bobbin type rotary tool is normally set so that TG> 0.1 mm with respect to the thickness T of the workpiece W. In the case of TG ⁇ 0.1 mm, the material is not sufficiently stirred and a defect WD is easily formed. If the value of TG is large, it becomes difficult to form the defect WD.
- TG is preferably set to about 0.1 to 0.3 mm. In this case, it is desirable that the workpieces W are abutted so that a gap between the workpieces W is 0.5 mm or less. . In this way, it is possible to prevent the formation of the concave defect WD in the region WJ after bonding.
- the pressing mechanism 6 is configured to operate according to the detection value of the detector 61, so that the pressing force of the rotating shoulder 5 against the back surface of the work W can be kept constant.
- the wire 10 is supplied to the screw thread 21 through the wire supply groove 42 of the stationary shoulder 4, it is possible to suppress the entire back surface side of the joined region WJ from being depressed. Moreover, such supply of the wire 10 can prevent the formation of the concave defect WD in the region WJ after bonding as described above even if the gap between the workpieces W is large.
- the screw thread 21 has a spiral shape opposite to the rotation direction of the rotary shaft 2 from the stationary shoulder 4 to the rotary shoulder 5, the wire 10 is softened by friction with the screw thread 21, and then the rotation shaft 2 It is fed into the workpiece W by rotation. Thereby, the softened wire 10 can be automatically stirred with the softened part of the workpiece W.
- the horizontal portion 16 b of the support 16 may be omitted, and the stationary shoulder 4 may be attached to the drive unit 3.
- the pressing mechanism 6 can also be used as the lifting mechanism 14.
- the stationary shoulder 4 is attached to the support body 16 slidably connected to the drive unit 3 in the vertical direction as in the above embodiment, the pressing force of the stationary shoulder 4 on the surface of the work W and the rotating shoulder 5 are fixed. It is possible to independently adjust the pressing force on the back surface of the workpiece W.
- the stationary shoulder 4 is attached to the horizontal portion 16b of the support body 16 via the biasing member 9, but the stationary shoulder 4 can be directly fixed to the horizontal portion 16b.
- the urging member 9 is interposed between the stationary shoulder 4 and the horizontal portion 16b as in the above-described embodiment, even if there is undulation due to a manufacturing error in the thickness of the workpiece W on the surface of the workpiece W, for example.
- the stationary shoulder 4 can follow the swell.
- the adjustment mechanism 8 may be provided in the drive unit 3.
- a molding portion 43 extending from the center hole 41 in the direction opposite to the joining direction D may be formed on the lower surface of the stationary shoulder 4.
- the forming part 43 may be a groove as shown in FIGS. 6B and 6C, or may be a protrusion as shown in FIG. 6D.
- molding part 43 may be triangular as shown to FIG. 6B, for example, and may be circular arc shape as shown to FIG. 6C and 6D. If the molding part 43 is formed on the lower surface of the stationary shoulder 4 in this way, a linear convex part or a concave part can be formed on the surface side of the joined region WJ simultaneously with the joining of the workpiece W.
- the wire supply groove 42 may not be formed on the lower surface of the stationary shoulder 4.
- the thread 21 does not have to be formed in a region overlapping the stationary shoulder 4 in the small diameter portion 2a of the rotary shaft 2.
- the pressing force of the rotary shoulder 5 against the back surface of the work W correlates with the load torque of the motor 32 that rotates the rotary shaft 2. Therefore, the pressing mechanism 6 may be configured to operate according to the current value of the motor 32. Even in this case, the pressing force of the rotary shoulder 5 against the back surface of the work W can be kept constant.
- the present invention is useful when joining various workpieces by friction stir welding.
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- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は上述した実施形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で種々の変形が可能である。
2 回転シャフト
21 ねじ山
3 駆動ユニット
32 モータ
4 静止ショルダ
41 中心穴
42 ワイヤ供給溝
43 成形溝
5 回転ショルダ
6 押付機構
9 付勢部材
10 ワイヤ
W ワーク
Claims (10)
- 突き合わされたワーク同士を摩擦撹拌接合により接合する装置であって、
摩擦撹拌用のねじ山が形成された回転シャフトと、
前記回転シャフトの先端に固定された、前記回転シャフトと共に回転して前記ワークの裏面との間に摩擦熱を生じさせる回転ショルダと、
前記ワークの表面側で前記回転シャフトを回転可能に支持する、前記回転シャフトを回転させるモータを含む駆動ユニットと、
前記回転ショルダを前記ワークの裏面に押し付けるための押付機構と、
前記回転シャフトに貫通されて前記回転ショルダと共に前記ワークを挟持する、前記駆動ユニットまたは前記駆動ユニットと連結された部材に回転不能に取り付けられた静止ショルダと、
を備える、摩擦撹拌接合装置。 - 前記静止ショルダを前記ワークの表面に押し付ける付勢部材をさらに備える、請求項1に記載の摩擦撹拌接合装置。
- 前記回転ショルダの前記ワークの裏面への押付力を検出するための検出器をさらに備え、
前記押付機構は、前記検出器の検出値に応じて作動するように構成されている、請求項1または2に記載の摩擦撹拌接合装置。 - 前記押付機構は、前記モータの電流値に応じて作動するように構成されている、請求項1または2に記載の摩擦撹拌接合装置。
- 前記回転シャフトには、前記ねじ山が、前記静止ショルダと重なり合う領域にも形成されており、
前記静止ショルダの前記回転ショルダ側の面には、前記回転シャフトに挿通される中心穴から、前記回転シャフトが前記ワーク同士の境界に沿って移動される方向である接合方向に延びる、前記ワークと撹拌可能な材料からなるワイヤを前記ねじ山に供給するためのワイヤ供給溝が形成されている、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の摩擦撹拌接合装置。 - 前記静止ショルダに対して前記接合方向に配置された、前記ワイヤを前記ワークの表面に押し付ける押えローラをさらに備える、請求項5に記載の摩擦撹拌接合装置。
- 前記静止ショルダの前記回転ショルダ側の面には、前記回転シャフトに挿通される中心穴から、前記回転シャフトが前記ワーク同士の境界に沿って移動される方向である接合方向と逆方向に延びる成形部が形成されている、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の摩擦撹拌接合装置。
- 前記回転シャフトの軸方向に摺動可能に前記駆動ユニットと連結された支持体をさらに備え、
前記押付機構は、前記支持体に対して前記駆動ユニットを移動させるものであり、
前記静止ショルダは、前記支持体に取り付けられている、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の摩擦撹拌接合装置。 - 突き合わされたワーク同士を摩擦撹拌接合により接合する方法であって、
摩擦撹拌用のねじ山が形成された回転シャフトの先端に固定された回転ショルダを前記ワークの裏面に押し付け、かつ、前記回転シャフトに貫通された回転不能な静止ショルダを前記ワークの表面に押し付けた状態で、前記回転シャフトを前記ワークに対して垂直に保ったままで回転させながら前記ワーク同士の境界に沿って移動させる、摩擦撹拌接合方法。 - 前記回転シャフトには、前記ねじ山が、前記静止ショルダと重なり合う領域にも形成されており、
前記静止ショルダの前記ワークとの接触面には、前記回転シャフトに挿通される中心穴から、前記回転シャフトが前記ワーク同士の境界に沿って移動される方向である接合方向に延びるワイヤ供給溝が形成されており、
前記回転ショルダを前記接合方向に移動させるとともに、前記ワークと撹拌可能な材料からなるワイヤを前記ワイヤ供給溝を通じて前記ねじ山に供給する、請求項9に記載の摩擦撹拌接合方法。
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EP14785290.9A EP2987582B1 (en) | 2013-04-16 | 2014-04-15 | Friction stir welding apparatus and friction stir welding method |
CA2907860A CA2907860A1 (en) | 2013-04-16 | 2014-04-15 | Friction stir welding apparatus and friction stir welding method |
US14/784,888 US9975200B2 (en) | 2013-04-16 | 2014-04-15 | Friction stir welding apparatus with an L-shaped support |
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CA2907860A1 (en) | 2014-10-23 |
US9975200B2 (en) | 2018-05-22 |
JP6084887B2 (ja) | 2017-02-22 |
BR112015025669A2 (pt) | 2017-07-18 |
JP2014208358A (ja) | 2014-11-06 |
EP2987582A1 (en) | 2016-02-24 |
EP2987582A4 (en) | 2016-10-26 |
EP2987582B1 (en) | 2018-01-31 |
US20160074957A1 (en) | 2016-03-17 |
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