WO2014167778A1 - 過電流検出装置、及び当該過電流検出装置を用いた充放電システム、分電盤、充電制御装置、車両用充放電装置、車両用電気機器 - Google Patents

過電流検出装置、及び当該過電流検出装置を用いた充放電システム、分電盤、充電制御装置、車両用充放電装置、車両用電気機器 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2014167778A1
WO2014167778A1 PCT/JP2014/001538 JP2014001538W WO2014167778A1 WO 2014167778 A1 WO2014167778 A1 WO 2014167778A1 JP 2014001538 W JP2014001538 W JP 2014001538W WO 2014167778 A1 WO2014167778 A1 WO 2014167778A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
overcurrent detection
unit
detection device
current
vehicle
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2014/001538
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
神田　雅隆
Original Assignee
パナソニック株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by パナソニック株式会社 filed Critical パナソニック株式会社
Priority to US14/783,817 priority Critical patent/US20160072320A1/en
Priority to CN201480020851.0A priority patent/CN105122577A/zh
Publication of WO2014167778A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014167778A1/ja

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
    • H02H3/087—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current for dc applications
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0069—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to the isolation, e.g. ground fault or leak current
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/04—Cutting off the power supply under fault conditions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/12—Recording operating variables ; Monitoring of operating variables
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/21—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having the same nominal voltage
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/18—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for batteries; for accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
    • H02H9/02—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00304—Overcurrent protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H02J7/00714—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery charging or discharging current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H02J7/007182—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • H02J7/04—Regulation of charging current or voltage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/20—AC to AC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/30—AC to DC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/549—Current
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/80—Time limits
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
    • G01R19/16533—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application
    • G01R19/16538—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application in AC or DC supplies
    • G01R19/16542—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application in AC or DC supplies for batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an overcurrent detection device for detecting an overcurrent in charging of a storage battery and discharging from the storage battery to a load, and a charge / discharge system, a distribution board, a charge control device, and a vehicle charge / discharge using the overcurrent detection device
  • the present invention relates to an apparatus and an electric device for a vehicle.
  • a charging device that connects the AC power system and the electric vehicle via a charging connector to charge the electric vehicle has been used.
  • the charging device described in Document 1 has a function of detecting the occurrence of electric leakage and cutting off the electric circuit (leakage interruption function).
  • a charging device may be provided with a function of interrupting an electric circuit (overcurrent interruption function) even when an excessive current flows due to a failure of a charging connector (short circuit failure) or the like. Specifically, the detected value of the charging current is compared with a predetermined threshold value, and when the detected value exceeds the threshold value, the relay contact is opened to interrupt the electric circuit.
  • V2H Vehicle-to-Home
  • a storage battery on-vehicle battery mounted on an electric vehicle and supplies it to a load (electric product, etc.) in a house.
  • the overcurrent detection threshold value is set to a value larger than the detected value of the normal charging current, appropriate overcurrent protection may not be achieved during discharging.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide an overcurrent detection device that performs appropriate overcurrent detection both during charging and during discharging, and a charge / discharge system, a distribution board, a charge control device, and a vehicle using the overcurrent detection device. It is to provide a charging / discharging device and an electric device for a vehicle.
  • the overcurrent detection device of the present invention includes a first measurement unit that measures a magnitude of a charging current supplied from a power source to a storage battery mounted on a vehicle as a first measurement value, and a load outside the vehicle from the storage battery.
  • a second measurement unit that measures the magnitude of the discharge current discharged as a second measurement value, the first measurement value is compared with a first threshold value, and the second measurement value is Compared with a second threshold value, it is determined that there is an abnormality when the first measured value is equal to or greater than the first threshold value, and the second measured value is equal to or greater than the second threshold value.
  • a determination unit that determines that there is an abnormality sometimes, wherein the first threshold value and the second threshold value are set to different values.
  • the first threshold value is set higher than the second threshold value.
  • the overcurrent detection device includes a cutoff unit that cuts off the electric path through which the charging current and the discharge current flow, and the cutoff unit cuts off the electric circuit when the determination unit determines that there is an abnormality.
  • the determination unit compares the first measurement value with the first threshold value to determine whether there is an abnormality, and the second measurement value is determined as the second measurement value. It is preferable to include a second determination unit that determines whether or not there is an abnormality in comparison with the second threshold value.
  • the charging current is not supplied to the second measurement unit and the second measurement unit is not supplied with the charging current. It is preferable to provide a current suppression unit that causes the discharge current to flow through the measurement unit and prevents the discharge current from flowing through the first measurement unit.
  • the current suppression unit includes a first rectifier element connected in series to the first measurement unit, and a second rectifier element connected in series to the second measurement unit, It is preferable that a first measurement unit and a series circuit of the first rectification element, and a second measurement unit and a series circuit of the second rectification element are connected in parallel.
  • the current suppression unit includes a first switch connected in series to the first measurement unit, and a second switch connected in series to the second measurement unit. It is preferable that a measurement circuit and a series circuit of the first switch and a series circuit of the second measurement unit and the second switch are connected in parallel.
  • the charge / discharge system includes any one of the overcurrent detection devices and a charge / discharge control device that adjusts the charge current and the discharge current.
  • the distribution board according to the present invention includes any one of the overcurrent detection devices, a main switch whose primary side is connected to the power source, and one or more branch switches that are connected to the secondary side of the main switch. It is characterized by having a vessel.
  • a charge control device includes any one of the overcurrent detection devices and a cable for flowing the charge current and the discharge current.
  • a vehicle charge / discharge device includes any one of the overcurrent detection devices, a cable for passing the charge current and the discharge current, a housing that houses the overcurrent detection device and is connectable to the vehicle. It is characterized by providing.
  • the electric device for a vehicle includes any one of the overcurrent detection devices and is mounted on the vehicle.
  • An overcurrent detection device of the present invention and a charge / discharge system, a distribution board, a charge control device, a vehicle charge / discharge device, and a vehicle electrical device using the overcurrent detection device are provided with a first threshold for a charge current Since the second threshold value for the discharge current is set to a value different from each other, there is an effect that appropriate overcurrent detection can be performed both during charging and during discharging.
  • an electric vehicle is exemplified as a vehicle on which a storage battery is mounted, but the vehicle may be a vehicle other than an electric vehicle.
  • the charging / discharging system of this embodiment includes a connector 1, a cable 2, and a charging / discharging control device 3.
  • the charging / discharging control device 3 is connected to a commercial power system 5 via a distribution board (for example, a residential distribution board) 6 and loads (for example, electrical equipment in a house) via the distribution board 6. And the like, and further connected to the electric vehicle 4 via the cable 2 and the connector 1.
  • a distribution board for example, a residential distribution board
  • loads for example, electrical equipment in a house
  • the electric vehicle 4 includes a storage battery (vehicle battery) 40 for propulsion power, an inlet (not shown) to which the connector 1 is detachably connected, a charger / discharger 41 that charges the vehicle battery 40 and discharges the vehicle battery 40, etc. Is provided.
  • the charger / discharger 41 includes, for example, a bidirectional AC / DC converter. The charger / discharger 41 converts the AC power supplied from the charge / discharge control device 3 into DC power to charge the vehicle battery 40, and converts the DC power discharged from the vehicle battery 40 into AC power to charge / discharge. Output to the control device 3.
  • the charge / discharge control device 3 includes a power conversion unit 30, a leakage breaker 31 and the like.
  • the power conversion unit 30 includes, for example, an insulation transformer and a bidirectional insulated AC / AC converter, and includes a power system side (distribution panel 6 side as viewed from the power conversion unit 30) and a non-power system side (from the power conversion unit 30). Insulates the electric vehicle 4 side) and supplies AC power in both directions.
  • the leakage breaker 31 compares the current output from one terminal on the non-power system side of the power conversion unit 30 with the current returned to the other terminal on the non-power system side of the power conversion unit 30, and the difference is When a predetermined threshold value is exceeded, it is determined that a leakage has occurred and the circuit is cut off.
  • the cable 2 is composed of a multi-core electric cable in which a pair of feeders 20 and 21 through which current (charging current and discharging current) flows and a grounding wire (not shown) are covered with an insulating sheath.
  • One end of the cable 2 is connected to the charge / discharge control device 3 (leakage interrupting device 31), and the connector 1 is provided at the other end of the cable 2.
  • the connector 1 is a plug connector that is detachably connected to an inlet (receptacle connector) of the electric vehicle 4.
  • the connector 1 includes a first measuring unit 10, a second measuring unit 11, a determining unit 12, a blocking unit 13, a current suppressing unit 8 (first switch 14 and second switch 15), and the like (not shown). It is housed and configured.
  • the 1st measurement part 10 measures the magnitude
  • the 2nd measurement part 11 measures the magnitude
  • the first measurement unit 10, the second measurement unit 11, the determination unit 12, the interruption unit 13, and the current suppression unit 8 constitute an overcurrent detection device.
  • the first measuring unit 10 is inserted through the first switch 14 into the power supply path 18 (electrical path conducting with the power supply line 20) of the power supply path 18 and the power supply path 19.
  • the second measuring unit 11 is inserted into the power feeding path 18 in parallel with the first measuring unit 10 via the second switch 15.
  • the first measuring unit 10 and the second measuring unit 11 have a common circuit configuration.
  • the first measuring unit 10 and the second measuring unit 11 measure the voltage (absolute value) across the detection resistor inserted in the power supply path 18, or Using a sensor, the magnitude (absolute value) of the current flowing through the power supply path 18 is directly measured. Then, the first measurement unit 10 and the second measurement unit 11 output DC voltage signals corresponding to the respective measurement values to the determination unit 12.
  • the first switch 14 and the second switch 15 are configured to be turned on and off by operating an operation member (not shown) provided in the housing, for example. That is, when the operating member is operated from the discharging position to the charging position, the first switch 14 is turned on and the second switch 15 is turned off. When the operating member is operated from the charging position to the discharging position, the first switch 14 is turned off. Then, the second switch 15 is turned on. However, the charge / discharge control device 3 may switch the first switch 14 and the second switch 15 by remote control.
  • the blocking unit 13 includes a pair of contacts 13a and 13b inserted into the two power supply paths 18 and 19, respectively, and is configured to block the power supply paths 18 and 19 by opening the contacts 13a and 13b. .
  • the determination unit 12 includes first and second comparators 120 and 121, an OR gate 122 that calculates the logical sum of the outputs of the first and second comparators 120 and 121, and the OR gate 122.
  • the driving circuit 123 is configured to drive the blocking unit 13 in accordance with the output.
  • the first comparator 120 compares the first measurement value (DC voltage signal level) with the first threshold value Vf1, and when the first measurement value is less than the first threshold value Vf1, the output is low. When the first measurement value is equal to or higher than the first threshold value Vf1, the output is set to the high level.
  • the second comparator 121 compares the second measurement value (DC voltage signal level) with the second threshold value Vf2, and when the second measurement value is less than the second threshold value Vf2, the output is low. When the second measured value is equal to or higher than the second threshold value Vf2, the output is set to the high level. That is, in the present embodiment, the first comparator 120 corresponds to the first determination unit, and the second comparator 121 corresponds to the second determination unit. However, an integrator is connected to each positive input terminal of the first and second comparators 120 and 121, and the DC voltage signal level after integration by the integrator is set to the first or second threshold value Vf1, Vf2. It is desirable to compare.
  • the OR gate 122 sets the output to a high level when the output of at least one of the first and second comparators 120 and 121 is at a high level, and the outputs of both the first and second comparators 120 and 121 are Output is low level when low level.
  • the drive circuit 123 drives the blocking unit 13 when the output of the OR gate 122 is at a low level to close the pair of contacts 13a and 13b, and stops driving the blocking unit 13 when the output of the OR gate 122 is at a high level.
  • the pair of contacts 13a and 13b are configured to be opened.
  • the case where the electric vehicle 4 is charged will be described.
  • AC power supplied from the electric power system 5 is supplied from the power conversion unit 30 to the electric vehicle 4 via the cable 2 and the connector 1, and the charger / discharger 41 mounted on the electric vehicle 4.
  • the in-vehicle battery 40 is charged.
  • the first measuring unit 10 outputs a DC voltage signal (first measured value) corresponding to the magnitude of the charging current.
  • the DC voltage signal (second measured value) of the second measuring unit 11 is always zero volts.
  • the output of the first comparator 120 of the determination unit 12 rises from a low level to a high level. Since the output of the OR gate 122 also rises from the low level to the high level, the drive circuit 123 stops the driving of the blocking unit 13 and opens the contacts 13a and 13b. As a result, the shut-off unit 13 shuts off the power feeding paths 18 and 19 and stops the supply of the charging current to the electric vehicle 4.
  • the DC power discharged from the in-vehicle battery 40 is converted into AC power by the charger / discharger 41 and input to the power converter 30 via the connector 1 and the cable 2, and the power converter After power conversion at 30, the power is supplied to the load 7 through the distribution board 6.
  • the DC voltage signal (first measured value) of the first measuring unit 10 is always zero volts, and the second measurement is performed.
  • the unit 11 outputs a DC voltage signal (second measured value) corresponding to the magnitude of the discharge current.
  • the output of the second comparator 121 of the determination unit 12 rises from a low level to a high level. Since the output of the OR gate 122 also rises from the low level to the high level, the drive circuit 123 stops the driving of the blocking unit 13 and opens the contacts 13a and 13b. As a result, the blocking unit 13 blocks the power supply paths 18 and 19 and stops the supply of the discharge current from the electric vehicle 4.
  • the charging current is a relatively large current in order to shorten the charging time of the in-vehicle battery 40.
  • the discharge current is preferably smaller than the charging current in order to extend the power supply time to the load 7. Therefore, in the determination unit 12 in the present embodiment, the first threshold value Vf1 for the charging current is set to a value that is higher (larger) than the second threshold value Vf2 for the discharging current.
  • the determination unit 12 sets the first threshold value Vf1 to be compared with the measured value of the charging current and the second threshold value Vf2 to be compared with the measured value of the discharge current to different values. Therefore, appropriate overcurrent detection can be performed both during charging and during discharging.
  • the first threshold value Vf1 for the charging current is set to a value that is higher (larger) than the second threshold value Vf2 for the discharging current, shortening the charging time, extending the discharging time, and discharging The deterioration of the in-vehicle battery 40 can be suppressed.
  • the charge / discharge system of the present embodiment is not limited to such a configuration, and may be configured to transmit and receive DC power between the charge / discharge control device 3 and the electric vehicle 4. That is, the power conversion unit 30 of the charge / discharge control device 3 is configured by a bidirectional AC / DC converter, and the charger / discharger 41 of the electric vehicle 4 charges the in-vehicle battery 40 with the DC power output from the power conversion unit 30. In addition, the DC power discharged from the in-vehicle battery 40 may be output to the charge / discharge control device 3.
  • a current suppressing unit 8A including a first rectifying element (diode) 16 and a second rectifying element (diode) 17 can be used instead of the current suppressing unit 8 including the first switch 14 and the second switch 15. (See FIG. 3).
  • the overcurrent detection device is housed in the housing of the connector 1 instead of the housing of the connector 1. It doesn't matter.
  • the overcurrent detection device may be housed in the box of the distribution board 6 together with the main switch or the branch switch, or may be provided in the charge / discharge control device 3.
  • the overcurrent detection device may be mounted on the electric vehicle 4.
  • the overcurrent detection device includes the first measurement unit 10, the second measurement unit 11, and the determination unit 12.
  • the 1st measurement part 10 measures the magnitude
  • the 2nd measurement part 11 measures the magnitude
  • the determination unit 12 compares the first measurement value with the first threshold value Vf1, compares the second measurement value with the second threshold value Vf2, and the first measurement value is the first threshold value.
  • the first threshold value Vf1 and the second threshold value Vf2 are set to different values.
  • the first threshold value Vf1 is set higher than the second threshold value Vf2.
  • this overcurrent detection device it is preferable to include a blocking unit 13 that blocks an electric path through which a charging current and a discharging current flow.
  • the blocking unit 13 preferably blocks the electric circuit when the determination unit 12 determines that there is an abnormality.
  • the determination unit 12 preferably includes a first determination unit (first comparator 120) and a second determination unit (second comparator 121).
  • first determination unit compares the first measurement value with the first threshold value Vf1 to determine whether there is an abnormality
  • second determination unit determines the second measurement value as the second threshold value. Compare with the value Vf2 to determine whether there is an abnormality.
  • a charging current is passed through the first measuring unit 10 when the storage battery is charged, a charging current is not sent through the second measuring unit 11, and a discharge is made to the second measuring unit 11 when discharging from the storage battery.
  • a current suppression unit 8 or current suppression unit 8A that prevents current from flowing through the first measurement unit 10 by flowing current.
  • the current suppressing unit 8A includes a first rectifying element 16 connected in series to the first measuring unit 10 and a second rectifying element 17 connected in series to the second measuring unit 11. It is preferable. In this case, the series circuit of the first measuring unit 10 and the first rectifying element 16 and the series circuit of the second measuring unit 11 and the second rectifying element 17 are connected in parallel.
  • the current suppression unit 8 includes a first switch 14 connected in series to the first measurement unit 10 and a second switch 15 connected in series to the second measurement unit 11. preferable.
  • a series circuit of the first measurement unit 10 and the first switch 14 and a series circuit of the second measurement unit 11 and the second switch 15 are connected in parallel.
  • the charge / discharge system of the present embodiment includes any of the above-described overcurrent detection devices and a charge / discharge control device that adjusts the charge current and the discharge current.
  • the distribution board of the present embodiment includes any one of the overcurrent detection devices described above, a main switch whose primary side is connected to the power supply (power system 5), and a first switch connected to the secondary side of the main switch. To a plurality of branch switches.
  • the charging / discharging control device of the present embodiment includes any of the above-described overcurrent detection devices and a cable for flowing charging current and discharging current.
  • the vehicle charging / discharging device of the present embodiment includes any one of the above-described overcurrent detection devices, a cable for passing a charging current and a discharge current, and a housing that houses the overcurrent detection device and can be connected to the vehicle. .
  • the vehicle electrical device of the present embodiment is mounted on a vehicle with any of the above-described overcurrent detection devices.

Abstract

　判定部12が充電電流の計測値と比較する第１のしきい値Vf1と、放電電流の計測値と比較する第２のしきい値Vf2とを互いに異なる値に設定している。また、充電電流に対する第１のしきい値Vf1を、放電電流に対する第２のしきい値Vf2よりも高い(大きい)値に設定している。

Description

過電流検出装置、及び当該過電流検出装置を用いた充放電システム、分電盤、充電制御装置、車両用充放電装置、車両用電気機器
　本発明は、蓄電池の充電と蓄電池から負荷への放電における過電流を検出する過電流検出装置、及び当該過電流検出装置を用いた充放電システム、分電盤、充電制御装置、車両用充放電装置、車両用電気機器に関する。
　従来、電気自動車(プラグインハイブリッド車を含む。以下、同じ。)を充電するために、交流の電力系統と電気自動車を充電コネクタを介して接続して電気自動車を充電する充電装置が用いられている(例えば、日本国特許出願公開番号２０１０－１１００５５（以下、「文献１」という）記載の制御ボックス参照）。文献１記載の充電装置は、漏電の発生を検出して電路を遮断する機能(漏電遮断機能)を有している。また、充電コネクタの故障(短絡故障)などが原因で過大な電流が流れた場合にも電路を遮断する機能(過電流遮断機能)を充電装置に設けることがある。具体的には、充電電流の検出値を所定のしきい値と比較し、検出値がしきい値を超えたときにリレー接点を開極して電路を遮断する。
　ところで、近年、電気自動車に搭載されている蓄電池(車載電池)の電力を取り出して住宅内の負荷(電気製品等)に供給する、いわゆるV2H(Vehicle-to-Home)が実用化されている。この場合、充電時には、充電時間を短縮するために相対的に大きな電流を流す必要があるのに対して、放電時には、充電時ほど大きな電流を流す必要は無い。したがって、過電流検出用のしきい値が正常な充電電流の検出値よりも大きな値に設定されていると、放電時に適切な過電流保護が達成できない場合がある。
　そこで、本発明の目的は、充電時と放電時の双方で適正な過電流検出を行う過電流検出装置、及び当該過電流検出装置を用いた充放電システム、分電盤、充電制御装置、車両用充放電装置、車両用電気機器を提供することにある。
　本発明の過電流検出装置は、電源から車両に搭載される蓄電池に供給される充電電流の大きさを第１の計測値として計測する第１の計測部と、前記蓄電池から前記車両外の負荷に放電される放電電流の大きさを第２の計測値として計測する第２の計測部と、前記第１の計測値を第１のしきい値と比較し、且つ前記第２の計測値を第２のしきい値と比較し、前記第１の計測値が前記第１のしきい値以上のときに異常有りと判定し、前記第２の計測値が前記第２のしきい値以上のときに異常有りと判定する判定部とを備え、前記第１のしきい値と前記第２のしきい値とが互いに異なる値に設定されることを特徴とする。
　この過電流検出装置において、前記第１のしきい値が前記第２のしきい値よりも高い値に設定されることが好ましい。
　この過電流検出装置において、前記充電電流及び前記放電電流が流れる電路を遮断する遮断部を備え、前記遮断部は、前記判定部が異常有りと判定したときに前記電路を遮断することが好ましい。
　この過電流検出装置において、前記判定部は、前記第１の計測値を前記第１のしきい値と比較して異常の有無を判定する第１判定部と、前記第２の計測値を前記第２のしきい値と比較して異常の有無を判定する第２判定部とからなることが好ましい。
　この過電流検出装置において、前記蓄電池の充電時に前記第１の計測部に前記充電電流を流して前記第２の計測部に前記充電電流を流さず、且つ前記蓄電池からの放電時に前記第２の計測部に前記放電電流を流して前記第１の計測部に前記放電電流を流さないようにする電流抑制部を備えることが好ましい。
　この過電流検出装置において、前記電流抑制部は、前記第１の計測部に直列接続される第１整流素子と、前記第２の計測部に直列接続される第２整流素子とを備え、前記第１の計測部と前記第１整流素子の直列回路と、前記第２の計測部と前記第２整流素子の直列回路と、が並列に接続されることが好ましい。
　この過電流検出装置において、前記電流抑制部は、前記第１の計測部に直列接続される第１スイッチと、前記第２の計測部に直列接続される第２スイッチとを備え、前記第１の計測部と前記第１スイッチの直列回路と、前記第２の計測部と前記第２スイッチの直列回路と、が並列に接続されることが好ましい。
　本発明の充放電システムは、前記何れかの過電流検出装置と、前記充電電流及び前記放電電流を調整する充放電制御装置とを有することを特徴とする。
　本発明の分電盤は、前記何れかの過電流検出装置と、１次側が前記電源に接続される主幹開閉器と、前記主幹開閉器の２次側に接続される１乃至複数の分岐開閉器とを有することを特徴とする。
　本発明の充電制御装置は、前記何れかの過電流検出装置と、前記充電電流及び前記放電電流を流すケーブルとを備えることを特徴とする。
　本発明の車両用充放電装置は、前記何れかの過電流検出装置と、前記充電電流及び前記放電電流を流すケーブルと、前記過電流検出装置を収納し、前記車両に接続可能な筐体とを備えることを特徴とする。
　本発明の車両用電気機器は、前記何れかの過電流検出装置を備えて前記車両に搭載されることを特徴とする。
　本発明の過電流検出装置、及び当該過電流検出装置を用いた充放電システム、分電盤、充電制御装置、車両用充放電装置、車両用電気機器は、充電電流に対する第１のしきい値と、放電電流に対する第２のしきい値とを互いに異なる値に設定しているので、充電時と放電時の双方で適正な過電流検出を行うことができるという効果がある。
　本発明の好ましい実施形態をさらに詳細に記述する。本発明の他の特徴および利点は、以下の詳細な記述および添付図面に関連して一層良く理解されるものである。
本実施形態における充放電システムを示すブロック図である。 本実施形態における充放電システムが備える過電流検出装置の判定部の回路構成図である。 本実施形態における別の充放電システムを示すブロック図である。
　以下、本発明に係る過電流検出装置及び充放電システムの実施形態について、図面を参照して詳細に説明する。なお、本実施形態では蓄電池を搭載する車両として電気自動車を例示するが、車両は電気自動車以外の車両であっても構わない。
　本実施形態の充放電システムは、コネクタ１と、ケーブル２と、充放電制御装置３とを有する。充放電制御装置３は、分電盤(例えば、住宅用分電盤)６を介して商用の電力系統５に接続されるとともに、分電盤６を介して負荷(例えば、住宅内の電気機器など)７に接続され、さらに、ケーブル２とコネクタ１を介して電気自動車４に接続される。
　電気自動車４は、推進動力用の蓄電池(車載電池)40、コネクタ１が挿抜自在に接続されるインレット(図示せず)、車載電池40の充電並びに車載電池40の放電を行う充放電器41などを備える。充放電器41は、例えば、双方向型のAC/DCコンバータを備える。充放電器41は、充放電制御装置３から供給される交流電力を直流電力に変換して車載電池40を充電し、且つ車載電池40から放電される直流電力を交流電力に変換して充放電制御装置３へ出力する。
　充放電制御装置３は、電力変換部30、漏電遮断装置31などを有する。電力変換部30は、例えば、絶縁トランスや双方向の絶縁型AC/ACコンバータからなり、電力系統側(電力変換部30からみて分電盤６側)と非電力系統側(電力変換部30から見て電気自動車４側)を絶縁し且つ双方向に交流電力を供給する。
　漏電遮断装置31は、電力変換部30の非電力系統側の一方の端子から出力される電流と、電力変換部30の非電力系統側の他方の端子に戻る電流とを比較し、その差が所定のしきい値を超えた場合に漏電が生じていると判断して電路を遮断する。
　ケーブル２は、電流(充電電流及び放電電流)が流れる一対の給電線20，21と、図示しない接地線とが絶縁性のシースで被覆された多心の電気ケーブルからなる。ケーブル２の一端は充放電制御装置３(漏電遮断装置31)に接続され、ケーブル２の他端にコネクタ１が設けられている。コネクタ１は、電気自動車４のインレット(レセプタクルコネクタ)に挿抜自在に接続されるプラグコネクタである。
　コネクタ１は、第１の計測部10、第２の計測部11、判定部12、遮断部13、電流抑制部８（第１スイッチ14及び第２スイッチ15）などが筐体(図示せず)に収納されて構成されている。第１の計測部10は、車載電池40に供給される充電電流の大きさを第１の計測値として計測する。第２の計測部11は、車載電池40から放電される放電電流の大きさを第２の計測値として計測する。なお、第１の計測部10、第２の計測部11、判定部12、遮断部13、電流抑制部８が過電流検出装置を構成している。
　第１の計測部10は、第１スイッチ14を介して、給電路18と給電路19のうちの給電路18(給電線20と導通する電路)に挿入される。第２の計測部11は、第２スイッチ15を介して第１の計測部10と並列に給電路18に挿入される。第１の計測部10及び第２の計測部11は共通の回路構成を有しており、例えば、給電路18に挿入された検出抵抗の両端電圧(絶対値)を計測するか、あるいは、電流センサを利用して給電路18に流れる電流の大きさ(絶対値)を直接計測する。そして、第１の計測部10及び第２の計測部11は、それぞれの計測値に対応した直流電圧信号を判定部12に出力する。
　第１スイッチ14と第２スイッチ15は、例えば、筐体に設けられる操作部材(図示せず)を操作してオン・オフが切り換えられるように構成されている。つまり、操作部材が放電位置から充電位置に操作されると第１スイッチ14がオンして第２スイッチ15がオフし、操作部材が充電位置から放電位置に操作されると第１スイッチ14がオフして第２スイッチ15がオンする。ただし、充放電制御装置３が遠隔操作で第１スイッチ14と第２スイッチ15を切り換えるようにしても構わない。
　遮断部13は、２つの給電路18,19にそれぞれ挿入された一対の接点13a,13bからなり、接点13a,13bを開極することで給電路18,19を遮断するように構成されている。
　判定部12は、例えば、図２に示すように第１および第２のコンパレータ120，121と、第１および第２のコンパレータ120，121の出力の論理和を演算するオアゲート122と、オアゲート122の出力に応じて遮断部13を駆動する駆動回路123とで構成される。第１のコンパレータ120は、第１の計測値(直流電圧信号レベル)と第１のしきい値Vf1を比較し、第１の計測値が第１のしきい値Vf1未満のときは出力をローレベルとし、第１の計測値が第１のしきい値Vf1以上のときは出力をハイレベルとする。第２のコンパレータ121は、第２の計測値(直流電圧信号レベル)と第２のしきい値Vf2を比較し、第２の計測値が第２のしきい値Vf2未満のときは出力をローレベルとし、第２の計測値が第２のしきい値Vf2以上のときは出力をハイレベルとする。すなわち、本実施形態では第１のコンパレータ120が第１判定部に相当し、第２のコンパレータ121が第２判定部に相当する。ただし、第１および第２のコンパレータ120，121の各々の＋入力端子に積分器を接続し、積分器で積分した後の直流電圧信号レベルを第１又は第２のしきい値Vf1，Vf2と比較することが望ましい。
　オアゲート122は、第１および第２のコンパレータ120，121のうちの少なくとも何れか一方の出力がハイレベルのときに出力をハイレベルとし、第１および第２のコンパレータ120，121の両方の出力がローレベルのときに出力をローレベルとする。駆動回路123は、オアゲート122の出力がローレベルのときに遮断部13を駆動して一対の接点13a,13bを閉極し、オアゲート122の出力がハイレベルのときに遮断部13の駆動を停止して一対の接点13a,13bを開極するように構成されている。
　次に、本実施形態の動作を説明する。
　まず、電気自動車４を充電する場合について説明する。電気自動車４を充電する場合、電力系統５から供給される交流電力が電力変換部30からケーブル２及びコネクタ１を介して電気自動車４に供給され、電気自動車４に搭載されている充放電器41によって車載電池40が充電される。このとき、第１スイッチ14がオンとなり、且つ第２スイッチ15がオフとなっているので、第１の計測部10が充電電流の大きさに応じた直流電圧信号(第１の計測値)を出力し、第２の計測部11の直流電圧信号(第２の計測値)が常時ゼロボルトとなる。
　電気自動車４の充電中に過大な電流が継続して流れると、判定部12の第１のコンパレータ120の出力がローレベルからハイレベルに立ち上がる。そして、オアゲート122の出力もローレベルからハイレベルに立ち上がるので、駆動回路123が遮断部13の駆動を停止して接点13a,13bを開極する。その結果、遮断部13が給電路18,19を遮断して電気自動車４への充電電流の供給を停止する。
　一方、電気自動車４から放電する場合、車載電池40から放電される直流電力が充放電器41で交流電力に変換され、コネクタ１及びケーブル２を介して電力変換部30に入力され、電力変換部30で電力変換された後に分電盤６を介して負荷７に供給される。このとき、第１スイッチ14がオフとなり、且つ第２スイッチ15がオンとなっているので、第１の計測部10の直流電圧信号(第１の計測値)が常時ゼロボルトとなり、第２の計測部11が放電電流の大きさに応じた直流電圧信号(第２の計測値)を出力する。
　電気自動車４の放電中に過大な電流が継続して流れると、判定部12の第２のコンパレータ121の出力がローレベルからハイレベルに立ち上がる。そして、オアゲート122の出力もローレベルからハイレベルに立ち上がるので、駆動回路123が遮断部13の駆動を停止して接点13a,13bを開極する。その結果、遮断部13が給電路18,19を遮断して電気自動車４からの放電電流の供給を停止する。
　ところで、充電電流は、車載電池40の充電時間を短縮するために相対的に大きな電流であることが望ましい。これに対して放電電流は、負荷７への給電時間を延長するために充電電流よりも小さな電流であることが望ましい。したがって、本実施形態における判定部12では、充電電流に対する第１のしきい値Vf1を、放電電流に対する第２のしきい値Vf2よりも高い(大きい)値に設定されている。
　上述のように判定部12が充電電流の計測値と比較する第１のしきい値Vf1と、放電電流の計測値と比較する第２のしきい値Vf2とを互いに異なる値に設定しているので、充電時と放電時の双方で適正な過電流検出を行うことができる。また、充電電流に対する第１のしきい値Vf1を、放電電流に対する第２のしきい値Vf2よりも高い(大きい)値に設定しているため、充電時間の短縮と放電時間の延長並びに放電時における車載電池40の劣化の抑制を図ることができる。
　ところで、本実施形態の充放電システムにおいては、充放電制御装置３と電気自動車４との間で交流電力を送受する構成を例示した。しかし、本実施形態の充放電システムは、このような構成に限定されず、充放電制御装置３と電気自動車４との間で直流電力を送受する構成としても構わない。つまり、充放電制御装置３の電力変換部30を双方向のAC/DCコンバータで構成し、電気自動車４の充放電器41が電力変換部30から出力される直流電力で車載電池40を充電し、且つ車載電池40から放電する直流電力を充放電制御装置３へ出力すればよい。この場合、第１スイッチ14及び第２スイッチ15を備える電流抑制部８の代わりに第１整流素子(ダイオード)16及び第２整流素子(ダイオード)17を備える電流抑制部８Ａを用いることができる(図３参照)。
　また、本実施形態では過電流検出装置をコネクタ１の筐体に収納した場合を例示したが、コネクタ１の筐体ではなく、ケーブル２の途中に設けられた筐体に過電流検出装置を収納しても構わない。あるいは、過電流検出装置を主幹開閉器や分岐開閉器とともに分電盤６のボックスに収納しても構わないし、充放電制御装置３に備えるようにしても構わない。若しくは、過電流検出装置を電気自動車４に搭載しても構わない。
　以上説明したように、本実施形態の過電流検出装置は、第１の計測部10と、第２の計測部11と、判定部12とを備える。第１の計測部10は、電源（電力系統５）から車両に搭載される蓄電池（車載電池40）に供給される充電電流の大きさを第１の計測値として計測する。第２の計測部11は、蓄電池（車載電池40）から車両外の負荷７に放電される放電電流の大きさを第２の計測値として計測する。判定部12は、第１の計測値を第１のしきい値Vf1と比較し、且つ第２の計測値を第２のしきい値Vf2と比較し、第１の計測値が第１のしきい値Vf1以上のときに異常有りと判定し、第２の計測値が第２のしきい値Vf2以上のときに異常有りと判定する。第１のしきい値Vf1と第２のしきい値Vf2とが互いに異なる値に設定される。
　この過電流検出装置では、第１のしきい値Vf1が第２のしきい値Vf2よりも高い値に設定されることが好ましい。
　この過電流検出装置では、充電電流及び放電電流が流れる電路を遮断する遮断部13を備え、遮断部13は、判定部12が異常有りと判定したときに電路を遮断することが好ましい。
　この過電流検出装置では、判定部12は、第１判定部（第１のコンパレータ120）と、第２判定部（第２のコンパレータ121）とからなることが好ましい。この場合、第１判定部は、第１の計測値を第１のしきい値Vf1と比較して異常の有無を判定し、第２判定部は、第２の計測値を第２のしきい値Vf2と比較して異常の有無を判定する。
　この過電流検出装置では、蓄電池の充電時に第１の計測部10に充電電流を流して第２の計測部11に充電電流を流さず、且つ蓄電池からの放電時に第２の計測部11に放電電流を流して第１の計測部10に放電電流を流さないようにする電流抑制部８（または電流抑制部８Ａ）を備えることが好ましい。
　この過電流検出装置では、電流抑制部８Ａは、第１の計測部10に直列接続される第１整流素子16と、第２の計測部11に直列接続される第２整流素子17とを備えることが好ましい。この場合、第１の計測部10と第１整流素子16の直列回路と、第２の計測部11と第２整流素子17の直列回路と、が並列に接続される。
　この過電流検出装置では、電流抑制部８は、第１の計測部10に直列接続される第１スイッチ14と、第２の計測部11に直列接続される第２スイッチ15とを備えることが好ましい。この場合、第１の計測部10と第１スイッチ14の直列回路と、第２の計測部11と第２スイッチ15の直列回路と、が並列に接続される。
　本実施形態の充放電システムは、上述のいずれかの過電流検出装置と、充電電流及び放電電流を調整する充放電制御装置とを有する。
　本実施形態の分電盤は、上述のいずれかの過電流検出装置と、１次側が電源（電力系統５）に接続される主幹開閉器と、主幹開閉器の２次側に接続される１乃至複数の分岐開閉器とを有する。
　本実施形態の充放電制御装置は、上述のいずれかの過電流検出装置と、充電電流及び放電電流を流すケーブルとを備える。
　本実施形態の車両用充放電装置は、上述のいずれかの過電流検出装置と、充電電流及び放電電流を流すケーブルと、過電流検出装置を収納し、車両に接続可能な筐体とを備える。
　本実施形態の車両用電気機器は、上述のいずれかの過電流検出装置を備えて車両に搭載される。
　本発明を幾つかの好ましい実施形態によって記述したが、この発明の本来の精神および範囲、即ち請求の範囲を逸脱することなく、当業者によって様々な修正および変形が可能である。

Claims (12)

  1. 　電源から車両に搭載される蓄電池に供給される充電電流の大きさを第１の計測値として計測する第１の計測部と、前記蓄電池から前記車両外の負荷に放電される放電電流の大きさを第２の計測値として計測する第２の計測部と、前記第１の計測値を第１のしきい値と比較し、且つ前記第２の計測値を第２のしきい値と比較し、前記第１の計測値が前記第１のしきい値以上のときに異常有りと判定し、前記第２の計測値が前記第２のしきい値以上のときに異常有りと判定する判定部とを備え、前記第１のしきい値と前記第２のしきい値とが互いに異なる値に設定されることを特徴とする過電流検出装置。
  2. 　前記第１のしきい値が前記第２のしきい値よりも高い値に設定されることを特徴とする請求項１記載の過電流検出装置。
  3. 　前記充電電流及び前記放電電流が流れる電路を遮断する遮断部を備え、前記遮断部は、前記判定部が異常有りと判定したときに前記電路を遮断することを特徴とする請求項１又は２記載の過電流検出装置。
  4. 　前記判定部は、前記第１の計測値を前記第１のしきい値と比較して異常の有無を判定する第１判定部と、前記第２の計測値を前記第２のしきい値と比較して異常の有無を判定する第２判定部とからなることを特徴とする請求項１～３の何れか１項に記載の過電流検出装置。
  5. 　前記蓄電池の充電時に前記第１の計測部に前記充電電流を流して前記第２の計測部に前記充電電流を流さず、且つ前記蓄電池からの放電時に前記第２の計測部に前記放電電流を流して前記第１の計測部に前記放電電流を流さないようにする電流抑制部を備えることを特徴とする請求項１～４の何れか１項に記載の過電流検出装置。
  6. 　前記電流抑制部は、前記第１の計測部に直列接続される第１整流素子と、前記第２の計測部に直列接続される第２整流素子とを備え、前記第１の計測部と前記第１整流素子の直列回路と、前記第２の計測部と前記第２整流素子の直列回路と、が並列に接続されることを特徴とする請求項５記載の過電流検出装置。
  7. 　前記電流抑制部は、前記第１の計測部に直列接続される第１スイッチと、前記第２の計測部に直列接続される第２スイッチとを備え、前記第１の計測部と前記第１スイッチの直列回路と、前記第２の計測部と前記第２スイッチの直列回路と、が並列に接続されることを特徴とする請求項５記載の過電流検出装置。
  8. 　請求項１～７の何れかに記載の過電流検出装置と、前記充電電流及び前記放電電流を調整する充放電制御装置とを有することを特徴とする充放電システム。
  9. 　請求項１～７の何れかに記載の過電流検出装置と、１次側が前記電源に接続される主幹開閉器と、前記主幹開閉器の２次側に接続される１乃至複数の分岐開閉器とを有することを特徴とする分電盤。
  10. 　請求項１～７の何れかに記載の過電流検出装置と、前記充電電流及び前記放電電流を流すケーブルとを備えることを特徴とする充放電制御装置。
  11. 　請求項１～７の何れかに記載の過電流検出装置と、前記充電電流及び前記放電電流を流すケーブルと、前記過電流検出装置を収納し、前記車両に接続可能な筐体とを備えることを特徴とする車両用充放電装置。
  12. 　請求項１～７の何れかに記載の過電流検出装置を備えて前記車両に搭載されることを特徴とする車両用電気機器。
PCT/JP2014/001538 2013-04-12 2014-03-18 過電流検出装置、及び当該過電流検出装置を用いた充放電システム、分電盤、充電制御装置、車両用充放電装置、車両用電気機器 WO2014167778A1 (ja)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US14/783,817 US20160072320A1 (en) 2013-04-12 2014-03-18 Overcurrent detection device, and charging/discharging system, distribution board, charging control device, charging/discharging device for vehicle and electrical apparatus for vehicle, using the overcurrent detection device
CN201480020851.0A CN105122577A (zh) 2013-04-12 2014-03-18 过电流检测装置以及使用过电流检测装置的充电/放电系统、配电板、充电控制装置、用于车辆的充电/放电装置和用于车辆的电气设备

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2013083585A JP2014207766A (ja) 2013-04-12 2013-04-12 過電流検出装置、及び当該過電流検出装置を用いた充放電システム、分電盤、充電制御装置、車両用充放電装置、車両用電気機器
JP2013-083585 2013-04-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014167778A1 true WO2014167778A1 (ja) 2014-10-16

Family

ID=51689202

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/JP2014/001538 WO2014167778A1 (ja) 2013-04-12 2014-03-18 過電流検出装置、及び当該過電流検出装置を用いた充放電システム、分電盤、充電制御装置、車両用充放電装置、車両用電気機器

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20160072320A1 (ja)
JP (1) JP2014207766A (ja)
CN (1) CN105122577A (ja)
TW (1) TWI514716B (ja)
WO (1) WO2014167778A1 (ja)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9789784B2 (en) 2015-05-13 2017-10-17 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Maintaining a vehicle battery

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2016005399A (ja) * 2014-06-18 2016-01-12 株式会社デンソー 充放電装置
JP6220904B2 (ja) * 2016-01-14 2017-10-25 本田技研工業株式会社 蓄電装置
DE102016200682A1 (de) * 2016-01-20 2017-07-20 Robert Bosch Gmbh Elektrisch antreibbares Fortbewegungsmittel, elektrischer Antriebsstrang und Anordnung zum Laden, Invertieren und Rückspeisen
CN106602662A (zh) * 2017-01-05 2017-04-26 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 一种充电电流的过流控制方法、车载充电机及汽车
JP6887867B2 (ja) * 2017-05-09 2021-06-16 株式会社東光高岳 充放電装置
CN107508341A (zh) * 2017-08-11 2017-12-22 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 电动汽车对外供电方法、装置及系统
KR102256099B1 (ko) 2017-11-29 2021-05-25 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 배터리 팩
KR102256100B1 (ko) * 2017-11-29 2021-05-25 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 배터리 팩
KR102256095B1 (ko) * 2017-11-29 2021-05-25 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 배터리 팩
TWI686028B (zh) * 2018-04-23 2020-02-21 王國欽 電池保護架構
US11157055B2 (en) * 2018-10-05 2021-10-26 Toyota Motor North America, Inc. Apparatus, methods, and systems for tracking vehicle battery usage with a blockchain
CN110829521B (zh) * 2019-10-29 2022-05-20 宁波龙图通讯科技有限公司 二分区充电电路
CN114030388B (zh) * 2021-10-27 2024-02-27 智新控制系统有限公司 过流保护系统及方法

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS62254368A (ja) * 1986-04-25 1987-11-06 Kubota Ltd 本質安全防爆形電池装置
JPH10239358A (ja) * 1997-02-27 1998-09-11 Sony Corp 電流検出装置及び電流検出方法、並びに２次電池装置
JP2002176730A (ja) * 2000-09-28 2002-06-21 Ricoh Co Ltd 充放電保護回路、該充放電保護回路を組み込んだバッテリーパック、該バッテリーパックを用いた電子機器
JP2005168160A (ja) * 2003-12-02 2005-06-23 Ricoh Co Ltd 過電流保護回路と充電式電池パック
JP2010239857A (ja) * 2009-02-10 2010-10-21 Chroma Ate Inc 電池充電および放電装置ならびに方法
JP2012070577A (ja) * 2010-09-27 2012-04-05 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 放電システムおよび電動車両
WO2012127649A1 (ja) * 2011-03-23 2012-09-27 トヨタ自動車株式会社 アダプタ、ならびにそれを用いて電力供給を行なう車両および方法

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2940843B2 (ja) * 1992-01-23 1999-08-25 三菱電機株式会社 過電流保護方法及びその装置及び過電流検出装置
JP2999887B2 (ja) * 1992-10-09 2000-01-17 三菱電機株式会社 Ｉｇｂｔの過電流保護回路及び半導体集積回路装置
JP3670522B2 (ja) * 1999-07-30 2005-07-13 富士通株式会社 バッテリパック
US6501248B2 (en) * 2000-09-28 2002-12-31 Ricoh Company, Ltd. Charge/discharge protection apparatus having a charge-state overcurrent detector, and battery pack including the same
US7180268B2 (en) * 2004-03-25 2007-02-20 O2Micro International Limited Circuits capable of trickle precharge and/or trickle discharge
JP4504222B2 (ja) * 2005-02-21 2010-07-14 矢崎総業株式会社 過電流検出装置
TWI379486B (en) * 2009-02-17 2012-12-11 Green Solution Tech Co Ltd The battery charging controlling apparatus and battery balance charging controller
JP5370090B2 (ja) * 2009-11-12 2013-12-18 アンデン株式会社 過電流検出機能を有したスイッチ回路
US8016607B2 (en) * 2010-01-08 2011-09-13 Lear Corporation Connector assembly for electric vehicle charging
US20140347769A1 (en) * 2011-10-03 2014-11-27 Panasonic Corporation Electric-vehicular charge and discharge device
JP5870763B2 (ja) * 2012-03-02 2016-03-01 ミツミ電機株式会社 二次電池監視装置および電池パック
KR102052590B1 (ko) * 2012-11-22 2019-12-05 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 배터리 관리 시스템 및 그 구동 방법

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS62254368A (ja) * 1986-04-25 1987-11-06 Kubota Ltd 本質安全防爆形電池装置
JPH10239358A (ja) * 1997-02-27 1998-09-11 Sony Corp 電流検出装置及び電流検出方法、並びに２次電池装置
JP2002176730A (ja) * 2000-09-28 2002-06-21 Ricoh Co Ltd 充放電保護回路、該充放電保護回路を組み込んだバッテリーパック、該バッテリーパックを用いた電子機器
JP2005168160A (ja) * 2003-12-02 2005-06-23 Ricoh Co Ltd 過電流保護回路と充電式電池パック
JP2010239857A (ja) * 2009-02-10 2010-10-21 Chroma Ate Inc 電池充電および放電装置ならびに方法
JP2012070577A (ja) * 2010-09-27 2012-04-05 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 放電システムおよび電動車両
WO2012127649A1 (ja) * 2011-03-23 2012-09-27 トヨタ自動車株式会社 アダプタ、ならびにそれを用いて電力供給を行なう車両および方法

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9789784B2 (en) 2015-05-13 2017-10-17 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Maintaining a vehicle battery
US10093198B2 (en) 2015-05-13 2018-10-09 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Maintaining a vehicle battery

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
TW201503538A (zh) 2015-01-16
JP2014207766A (ja) 2014-10-30
US20160072320A1 (en) 2016-03-10
TWI514716B (zh) 2015-12-21
CN105122577A (zh) 2015-12-02

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2014167778A1 (ja) 過電流検出装置、及び当該過電流検出装置を用いた充放電システム、分電盤、充電制御装置、車両用充放電装置、車両用電気機器
JP6127350B2 (ja) 電気車両用充放電装置
US9834102B2 (en) In-vehicle power supply device
US8723477B2 (en) Charging cable connector for connecting an electric vehicle to a charging station
US11285830B2 (en) Charging cable
US9829529B2 (en) Power supply apparatus
JP2010110055A (ja) 電気自動車用充電ケーブル
US8890477B2 (en) Charging device for a high-voltage battery of a motor vehicle, charging assembly and method for operating a charging assembly
US10601231B2 (en) Charging device and charging method for a high voltage battery of a motor vehicle
JP6098334B2 (ja) 電源装置、電源システム、及び電源装置の制御方法
JP5104520B2 (ja) 電動車両の充電装置
US10181753B2 (en) Electric power system protection device, electric path switching device, and electric power supply system
US10886578B2 (en) Battery management device
JP2014204484A5 (ja) 負荷保護装置、電路切替装置
WO2014174762A1 (ja) 電力変換システムおよびコネクタ
AU2015285887B2 (en) Residual current protection device and residual current protection system
JP2017034731A (ja) 地絡検出器
US20220224136A1 (en) Electric vehicle portable charger arc fault circuit interrupter
JP5811941B2 (ja) 電力供給システム

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 14783067

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 14783817

Country of ref document: US

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 14783067

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1