WO2014162970A1 - 樹脂ゴム複合体 - Google Patents

樹脂ゴム複合体 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014162970A1
WO2014162970A1 PCT/JP2014/058827 JP2014058827W WO2014162970A1 WO 2014162970 A1 WO2014162970 A1 WO 2014162970A1 JP 2014058827 W JP2014058827 W JP 2014058827W WO 2014162970 A1 WO2014162970 A1 WO 2014162970A1
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Prior art keywords
rubber
resin
hydrocarbon
pressure plasma
rubber composite
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
昭寛 鈴木
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Nok Corp
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Nok Corp
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B25/00Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
    • B32B25/04Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising rubber as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B25/08Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising rubber as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B25/00Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
    • B32B25/12Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising natural rubber
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B25/00Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
    • B32B25/16Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising polydienes homopolymers or poly-halodienes homopolymers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/18Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
    • B32B27/26Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using curing agents
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/28Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/28Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42
    • B32B27/281Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42 comprising polyimides
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/34Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyamides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09JADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J5/00Adhesive processes in general; Adhesive processes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. relating to primers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/02Preparation of the material, in the area to be joined, prior to joining or welding
    • B29C66/028Non-mechanical surface pre-treatments, i.e. by flame treatment, electric discharge treatment, plasma treatment, wave energy or particle radiation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/712General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined the composition of one of the parts to be joined being different from the composition of the other part
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00Vehicles
    • B32B2605/08Cars

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a resin rubber composite. More specifically, the present invention relates to a resin rubber composite in which a resin molded product and rubber are directly bonded without using an adhesive.
  • a method using an adhesive As a method for combining and integrating a resin molded product and rubber, a method using an adhesive is generally used.
  • the bonding method using an adhesive has a problem that the process is complicated and the process management becomes complicated and the cost is high, and a large amount of an environmentally hazardous substance such as an organic solvent must be used.
  • Patent Document 1 a polymer film having an unsaturated bond is formed on a substrate surface by applying a low-pressure plasma method using a hydrocarbon-based monomer, and then a rubber composition is heat-pressed on the polymer film.
  • a method of manufacturing a rubber-based composite material in which a base material and rubber are bonded and integrated has been proposed.
  • a plasma polymerized film was formed on a PET sheet, a nylon sheet, a nylon cloth, a stainless steel plate, etc., and these base materials and a blend rubber composition of sulfur vulcanizable natural rubber and polyisoprene were thermocompression bonded.
  • rubber-based composite materials have been disclosed, further improvements in adhesive strength are required in all cases.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a resin rubber composite in which a resin molded product and rubber are effectively directly bonded without using an adhesive.
  • An object of the present invention is to apply an organic peroxide-containing peroxide-crosslinkable nonpolar material to a thermoplastic resin molded article in which a polymer film is formed by applying a low-pressure plasma polymerization method using a RIE method using a hydrocarbon monomer. This is achieved by a resin rubber composite in which a rubber composition is directly vulcanized and bonded without using an adhesive.
  • the resin rubber composite according to the present invention has excellent effects such as making it possible to firmly bond a thermoplastic resin and rubber without using an adhesive without impairing the physical properties of the rubber itself.
  • Example 1 the radical amount (indicated by A) of the surface of the PA66 molded article obtained by plasma polymerization using ethylene on the PA66 molded article by low pressure plasma treatment by the RIE method and the radical amount (B Is a graph showing both by intensity
  • thermoplastic resin can be used without particular limitation, and examples thereof include polyamide resins, polyphenylene sulfide resins, polyimide resins, polyether ether ketone resins, and polyamide resins are preferably used.
  • polyamide resins include the following types and monomers of typical polyamide (PA).
  • PA polyamide
  • PA613, 3T, 6T, PA810, PA812, PA1010, PA1012, PA1212, PAPACM12, etc. Is also used.
  • Various raw material monomers 46 Tetramethylenediamine-adipate 6 ⁇ -caprolactam, ⁇ -aminocaproic acid 66 Hexamethylenediamine-adipate 610 Hexamethylenediamine-sebacate 612 Hexamethylenediamine-dodecanedioate 11 ⁇ -aminoundecanoic acid 12 ⁇ -Laurolactam, ⁇ -aminododecanoic acid
  • thermoplastic resins may be those to which fillers such as glass fibers are appropriately added in order to ensure desired physical properties, or may be used by blending a plurality of thermoplastic resins.
  • thermoplastic resin molded products is a shape that can be laminated by non-polar rubber vulcanization adhesion, for example, a plate-like body having a flat surface, a curved surface, an uneven surface, etc. Body, hollow body and the like.
  • a polymerized film is formed on the outer surface of the thermoplastic resin molded article by applying a low-pressure plasma polymerization method based on the RIE method using a hydrocarbon monomer.
  • the low pressure plasma treatment by the RIE method uses a hydrocarbon monomer gas alone or mixed with another gas as an atmosphere in a glass vacuum vessel having two parallel plate electrodes.
  • a high frequency power supply such as 1000Pa, frequency 40kHz or 13.56MHz, applying high frequency power to one electrode and grounding the other electrode, under conditions of output about 10-30000W, time about 0.1-60 minutes Done.
  • the discharge frequency, discharge output, and processing time are appropriately adjusted according to the size and shape of the processing apparatus.
  • the method of performing plasma treatment by placing the workpiece on the parallel electrodes in this way is called the RIE (Reactive Ion Etching) method, and direct plasma (DP) that places the workpiece on a parallel plate rather than on parallel electrodes. Distinguished from the method. In the present invention, it is essential to perform the plasma treatment by the RIE method. When the DP is performed by the DP method, it is difficult to perform sufficient adhesion with rubber as shown in Comparative Example 5 described later. .
  • hydrocarbon monomer any compound can be used as long as radicals remain after plasma polymerization.
  • aliphatic hydrocarbons such as methane, ethylene, propylene, acetylene and the like can be used.
  • Aliphatic unsaturated hydrocarbons, cyclic hydrocarbons such as cyclohexene and cyclohexane, and aromatic hydrocarbons such as styrene and benzene are used, and ethylene is preferably used.
  • These monomer gases may be used as needed from the standpoints of discharge sustainability, stability, economy, and physical properties of the formed polymer film, as well as when used alone or in combination. It is also possible to dilute with an inert gas such as Ar, N 2 , Ne or the like, or an active gas such as O 2 , H 2 or a mixed gas of two or more.
  • an inert gas such as Ar, N 2 , Ne or the like
  • an active gas such as O 2 , H 2 or a mixed gas of two or more.
  • peroxide crosslinkable nonpolar rubber is used as the rubber.
  • Nonpolar rubber is used from the viewpoint of compatibility with a polymer film formed on a thermoplastic resin
  • peroxide crosslinkable is used from the viewpoint of reaction with a polymer film having radicals.
  • Fluoro rubber, hydrogenated nitrile When other rubber such as rubber is used, it is difficult to achieve the object of the present invention such as sufficient adhesion between the thermoplastic resin and the rubber.
  • peroxide crosslinkable EPDM natural rubber, ethylene / propylene rubber, butadiene rubber, styrene butadiene rubber and the like are used, and EPDM is preferably used.
  • Adhesion between the thermoplastic resin and rubber is performed by directly vulcanizing and bonding an unvulcanized organic peroxide-containing rubber composition to a thermoplastic resin molded article subjected to low-pressure plasma treatment without using an adhesive. Is called. Vulcanization involves bonding a kneaded product of a rubber composition to a thermoplastic resin molded article, and applying heat and pressure under conditions of about 150 to 200 ° C. for about 0.5 to 60 minutes, and the radicals and rubber of the polymer film. Is performed by cross-linking.
  • organic peroxide examples include 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-bis (tertiary butylperoxy) hexane, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-bis (tertiary butylperoxy) hexyne-3, Benzoyl peroxide, bis (2,4-dichlorobenzoyl) peroxide, dicumyl peroxide, di-tert-butyl peroxide, tert-butyl cumyl peroxide, tert-butyl peroxybenzene, 1,1-bis (tertiary (Butylperoxy) -3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexane, 2,5-dimethylhexane-2,5-dihydroxyperoxide, ⁇ , ⁇ '-bis (tertiarybutylperoxy) -p-diisopropylbenzene, 2, 5-Dimethyl-2,5-di (benzoylperoxy) hexane, tert-
  • Example 1 PA66 resin (Toray product Amilan CM3001-G30; polyamide resin) was molded into a 25 ⁇ 60 ⁇ 2 mm plate using an injection molding machine.
  • the obtained PA66 resin flat plate was placed on an electrode in a glass vacuum vessel equipped with an Al parallel flat electrode plate, under an ethylene gas atmosphere with a pressure of about 30 Pa, at a frequency of 40 kHz, an output of 600 W, for 1 minute, Low pressure plasma treatment by RIE method was performed.
  • JSR ESR electron spin resonance
  • the obtained polyamide resin-EPDM composite was measured for adhesion strength and remaining rubber area ratio by 90 ° peel test in accordance with JIS K6256 (2006) corresponding to ISO 813. / mm, rubber remaining area ratio was 100%.
  • Example 2 In Example 1, the low-pressure plasma treatment was performed in a methane gas atmosphere at a pressure of about 40 Pa under the conditions of a frequency of 40 kHz, an output of 600 W, and a duration of 3 minutes. As a result of the measurement, the adhesive strength was 4.0 N / mm, and the rubber remaining area ratio was 100%.
  • Example 3 In Example 1, the low-pressure plasma treatment was performed in an acetylene gas atmosphere at a pressure of about 10 Pa under the conditions of a frequency of 40 kHz, an output of 600 W, and an output of 1 minute. As a result, the adhesive strength was 4.1 N / mm, and the rubber remaining area ratio was 100%.
  • Example 4 In Example 1, the polyamide resin-EPDM composite obtained using PA6T (Mitsui Chemicals, Inc., Allen A335; polyamide resin) as the resin subjected to low-pressure plasma treatment was measured for adhesive strength and rubber remaining area ratio. As a result, the adhesive strength was 4.3 N / mm, and the rubber remaining area ratio was 100%.
  • PA6T Mitsubishi Chemicals, Inc., Allen A335; polyamide resin
  • Example 5 In Example 1, instead of a polyamide flat plate treated with low-pressure plasma, a polyphenylene sulfide resin obtained by using a flat plate made of polyphenylene sulfide having the same shape and subjected to low-pressure plasma treatment (Sastil PPS GS-30 manufactured by Tosoh Corporation) -EPDM composite was measured for adhesive strength and remaining rubber area ratio. As a result, the adhesive strength was 4.5 N / mm and the remaining rubber area ratio was 100%.
  • Example 6 In Example 1, instead of a polyamide flat plate treated with low-pressure plasma, a polyimide resin-EPDM composite obtained by using a flat plate made of PI resin (Mitsui Chemicals Allen JGN 3030) with the same low-pressure plasma treatment is used. The body was measured for adhesive strength and remaining rubber area ratio. As a result, the adhesive strength was 3.9 N / mm and the remaining rubber area ratio was 100%.
  • Example 1 Comparative Example 1 In Example 1, the SUS304 steel plate-EPDM composite obtained by using the same shape SUS304 steel plate similarly processed by low-pressure plasma instead of the low-pressure plasma-treated polyamide flat plate was used. As a result of the measurement, the adhesive strength was 0 N / mm, and the rubber remaining area ratio was 0%.
  • Example 2 instead of the polyamide flat plate subjected to low-pressure plasma treatment, the aluminum plate-EPDM composite obtained by using the same shape aluminum plate similarly subjected to low-pressure plasma treatment was used. As a result of the measurement, the adhesive strength was 0 N / mm, and the rubber remaining area ratio was 0%.
  • Example 1 a brass plate-EPDM composite obtained by using a brass plate of the same shape similarly subjected to low-pressure plasma treatment instead of the low-pressure plasma-treated polyamide flat plate was used. As a result of the measurement, the adhesive strength was 0 N / mm, and the rubber remaining area ratio was 0%.
  • Example 4 the polyamide resin-EPDM composite obtained using the polyamide flat plate not subjected to the low-pressure plasma treatment was measured for adhesive strength and rubber remaining area ratio. mm, rubber remaining area ratio was 0%.
  • Example 1 low-pressure plasma treatment is performed by placing a PA66 resin flat plate on a flat plate in a glass vacuum vessel provided with an Al parallel flat plate, under an ethylene gas atmosphere at a pressure of about 30 Pa, a frequency of 40 kHz, an output of 600 W, 5 It was carried out under the condition of minutes The obtained polyamide-based resin-EPDM composite was measured for adhesive strength and remaining rubber area ratio. As a result, the adhesive strength was 0 N / mm and the remaining rubber area ratio was 0%.
  • Example 6 the polyamide resin-EPDM composite obtained using the EPDM composition of the following Formulation Example II as an unvulcanized EPDM composition was measured for adhesive strength and rubber remaining area ratio. The strength was 0 N / mm, and the rubber remaining area ratio was 0%.
  • EPDM ESR product EP33
  • HAF carbon black Cabot Japan product
  • Stearic acid Miyoshi oil and fat products
  • Dyna process oil Idemitsu Kosan product PW-380
  • Zinc oxide ⁇ chemical industry products
  • Vulcanization accelerator Ouchi Emerging Chemical Industry Noxeller TT
  • Vulcanization accelerator Ouchi Emerging Chemical Industry Noxeller M
  • Example 7 In Example 1, the polyamide resin-natural rubber composite obtained by using the unvulcanized natural rubber composition of the following Formulation Example III instead of the unvulcanized EPDM composition, the adhesive strength and the rubber remaining area ratio As a result of the measurement, the adhesive strength was 1.5 N / mm, and the rubber remaining area ratio was 100%.
  • Formulation Example III 100 parts by weight of natural rubber HAF carbon black (Cabot Japan product) 50 ⁇ Stearic acid (Miyoshi oil and fat product) 2.5 ⁇ Dyna Process Oil (Idemitsu Kosan product PW-380) 10 ⁇ Zinc oxide (Sakai Chemical Industry Products) 3.5 ⁇ Organic peroxide (Nippon Yushi Products Park Mill D) 3 ⁇
  • Example 8 In Example 7, a polyphenylene sulfide resin obtained by using a flat plate made of polyphenylene sulfide having the same shape and subjected to low pressure plasma treatment (Sastil PPS GS-30 manufactured by Tosoh Corporation) in place of the low pressure plasma treated polyamide flat plate -As a result of measuring the adhesive strength and the remaining rubber area ratio for the natural rubber composite, the adhesive strength was 1.3 N / mm and the remaining rubber area ratio was 100%.
  • Example 7 a SUS304 steel plate-natural rubber composite obtained by using a SUS304 steel plate of the same shape that was also subjected to low-pressure plasma treatment instead of the polyamide flat plate subjected to low-pressure plasma treatment was used.
  • the adhesive strength was 0 N / mm, and the rubber remaining area rate was 0%.
  • Comparative Example 8 In Comparative Example 5, with respect to the polyamide resin-natural rubber composite obtained by using the unvulcanized natural rubber composition of Formulation Example III instead of the unvulcanized EPDM composition of Formulation Example I, adhesive strength and rubber When the remaining area ratio was measured, the adhesive strength was 0 N / mm and the rubber remaining area ratio was 0%.
  • Example 9 In Example 1, the polyamide resin-natural rubber composite obtained by using the unvulcanized natural rubber composition of the following Formulation Example IV in place of the unvulcanized EPDM composition of the Formulation Example 1, the adhesive strength and the rubber When the remaining area ratio was measured, the adhesive strength was 0 N / mm and the rubber remaining area ratio was 0%.
  • Example 10 In Example 1, instead of the unvulcanized EPDM composition of Formulation Example I, the polyamide resin-fluororubber composite obtained by using the unvulcanized fluororubber composition of Formulation Example V below, the adhesive strength and rubber When the remaining area ratio was measured, the adhesive strength was 2.6 N / mm, and the remaining rubber area ratio was 0%.
  • Fluoro rubber (Daikin product Daiel G901) 100 parts by weight MT carbon black 20 ⁇ Magnesium oxide (Kyowa Chemical Product Magnesia # 150) 6 ⁇ Calcium hydroxide 3 ⁇ Triallyl isocyanurate (Nippon Kasei product) 1.8 ⁇ Organic peroxide (NIPPON OIL & PRODUCTS PERHEXA 25B) 0.8 ⁇
  • Example 11 a polyamide-based resin-hydrogenated nitrile rubber composite obtained by using the unvulcanized hydrogenated nitrile rubber composition of Formulation Example VI below instead of the unvulcanized EPDM composition of Formulation Example I, When the adhesive strength and the rubber remaining area ratio were measured, the adhesive strength was 0.5 N / mm and the rubber remaining area ratio was 0%.
  • Composition Example VI Hydrogenated nitrile rubber (Nippon Zeon product ZETPOL 1020) 100 parts by weight HAF carbon black (Cabot Japan product) 50 ⁇ Stearic acid (Miyoshi oil and fat product) 0.5 ⁇ Zinc oxide (Sakai Chemical Industry) 5 ⁇ Vulcanization accelerator (Ouchi Emerging Chemical Industry Noxeller MBZ) 1 ⁇ Organic peroxide (Nippon Yushi Products Park Mill D) 3 ⁇
  • the resin rubber composite according to the present invention includes resin coupling stoppers, fuel guide systems, cooling fluid guide systems, oil guide system and other elements, drum seals, automobile parts such as transmission side cover seals, seismic rubber, air Effectively used as a spring, resin rubber laminated hose, etc.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

 脂肪族飽和炭化水素、脂肪族不飽和炭化水素などの炭化水素系モノマーを用いてRIE方式による低圧プラズマ重合法を適用することにより重合膜が形成された熱可塑性樹脂成形品に、有機過酸化物含有パーオキサイド架橋性非極性ゴム組成物を、接着剤を介さずに直接加硫接着させた樹脂ゴム複合体。本発明に係る樹脂ゴム複合体は、ゴム自身の物性を損なうことなく、接着剤を用いずに熱可塑性樹脂とゴムとを強固に接着せしめることを可能にする。

Description

樹脂ゴム複合体
 本発明は、樹脂ゴム複合体に関する。さらに詳しくは、樹脂成形品とゴムとを接着剤を介さず直接接着させた樹脂ゴム複合体に関する。
 樹脂成形品とゴムとを複合一体化する方法としては、一般的に接着剤を用いて行う方法が用いられている。しかしながら、接着剤を用いる接着方法は、工程が複雑で工程管理が煩雑となり、コスト高であるばかりではなく、有機溶剤等の環境負荷物質を大量に使用しなければならないという問題がみられる。
 接着剤を用いない方法としては、ゴム組成物を基材である樹脂と反応するような配合とする方法が採られている。かかる方法では、接着剤は使用しないものの接着可能な基材が限定されることや、接着に必要な配合とすることによってゴム自身の物性を低下させてしまうといった問題がある。
 特許文献1には、基材表面上に炭化水素系のモノマーを用いて低圧プラズマ法を適用して不飽和結合を有する重合膜を形成し、次いで該重合膜上にゴム組成物を加熱圧着して基材とゴムとを接着・一体化するゴム系複合材料の製造方法が提案されている。その実施例にはPETシート、ナイロンシート、ナイロン布、ステンレス鋼板等にプラズマ重合膜を形成し、これらの基材と硫黄加硫性の天然ゴムおよびポリイソプレンのブレンドゴム組成物とを加熱圧着したゴム系複合材料が開示されているが、いずれもさらなる接着強度の改善が求められている。
特開平3-262636号公報
 本発明の目的は、樹脂成形品とゴムとを接着剤を介さず有効に直接接着させた樹脂ゴム複合体を提供することにある。
 かかる本発明の目的は、炭化水素系モノマーを用いてRIE方式による低圧プラズマ重合法を適用することにより重合膜が形成された熱可塑性樹脂成形品に、有機過酸化物含有パーオキサイド架橋性非極性ゴム組成物を、接着剤を介さずに直接加硫接着させた樹脂ゴム複合体によって達成される。
 本発明に係る樹脂ゴム複合体は、ゴム自身の物性を損なうことなく、接着剤を用いずに熱可塑性樹脂とゴムとを強固に接着せしめることを可能にするといったすぐれた効果を奏する。
実施例1でPA66成形品上にエチレンを用いてRIE方式による低圧プラズマ処理によりプラズマ重合させたPA66成形品表面のラジカル量(Aで示す)と低圧プラズマ未処理PA66成形品表面のラジカル量(Bで示す)とをともに強度で示したグラフである
 熱可塑性樹脂としては、特に制限されることなく用いることができ、例えばポリアミド系樹脂、ポリフェニレンスルフィド樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂、ポリエーテルエーテルケトン樹脂等が挙げられ、好ましくはポリアミド系樹脂が用いられる。
 ポリアミド系樹脂としては、代表的なポリアミド(PA)の種類およびモノマーとしては次のようなものが挙げられ、この他に、PA613、3T、6T、PA810、PA812、PA1010、PA1012、PA1212、PAPACM12等も用いられる。
   種類          原料モノマー       
    46    テトラメチレンジアミン-アジピン酸塩
    6    ε-カプロラクタム、ε-アミノカプロン酸
    66    ヘキサメチレンジアミン-アジピン酸塩
   610    ヘキサメチレンジアミン-セバシン酸塩
   612    ヘキサメチレンジアミン-ドデカン二酸塩
    11    ω-アミノウンデカン酸
    12    ω-ラウロラクタム、ω-アミノドデカン酸
 これらの熱可塑性樹脂は、所望の物性を確保するためにガラスファイバー等の充填剤が適宜添加されたものも用いることもでき、また複数の熱可塑性樹脂をブレンドして用いることもできる。
 また、これら熱可塑性樹脂の成形品の形状は、非極性ゴムを加硫接着して積層化し、複合一体化するのに可能な形状、例えば平面、曲面、凹凸面等を有する板状体、棒状体、中空体等である。
 熱可塑性樹脂成形品の外表面には、炭化水素系モノマーを用いてRIE方式による低圧プラズマ重合法を適用することにより重合膜が形成される。RIE方式による低圧プラズマ処理は、2枚の平行平板電極を備えたガラス製真空容器内で、雰囲気として炭化水素系モノマーのガスを単独でまたは他のガスと混合して用い、例えば圧力約10~1000Pa、周波数40kHzまたは13.56MHz等の高周波電源を使用して、一方の電極に高周波電力を印加し、他方の電極を接地して、出力約10~30000W、時間約0.1~60分間の条件下で行われる。ここで、放電周波数、放電出力、処理時間については処理装置の大きさや形状によって適宜調整される。
 このように平行電極上に被処理物を配置させてプラズマ処理を行う方式をRIE(Reactive Ion Etching)方式といい、平行電極上ではなく平行平板上に被処理物を配置するダイレクトプラズマ(DP)方式と区別される。本発明では、プラズマ処理をRIE方式で行うことが必須要件とされ、DP方式で行った場合には、後記比較例5に示されるように、ゴムとの十分な接着を行うことが困難となる。
 炭化水素系モノマーとしては、プラズマ重合後にラジカルが残存する化合物であればいかなるものであっても使用することができ、具体的にはメタンなどの脂肪族飽和炭化水素、エチレン、プロピレン、アセチレンなどの脂肪族不飽和炭化水素、シクロヘキセン、シクロヘキサンなどの環状炭化水素、スチレン、ベンゼンなどの芳香族炭化水素が用いられ、好ましくはエチレンが用いられる。
 これらのモノマーガスは、それ単独または複数の種類を混合して用いられる場合のほか、放電の持続性、安定性、経済性あるいは形成される重合膜の物性などの観点より、必要に応じてHe、Ar、N2、Neなどの不活性ガスあるいはO2、H2などの活性ガスの単独ガスまたは2種以上の混合ガスで希釈して用いることも行われる。
 ゴムとしては、パーオキサイド架橋性非極性ゴムが用いられる。熱可塑性樹脂上に形成された重合膜との相溶性といった観点より非極性ゴムが、またラジカルを有する重合膜と反応させるといった観点よりパーオキサイド架橋性のものが用いられ、フッ素ゴム、水素化ニトリルゴム等のこれ以外のゴムを用いた場合には熱可塑性樹脂とゴムとの十分な接着といった本発明の目的を達成することは難しくなる。このようなゴムとしては、パーオキサイド架橋性のEPDM、天然ゴム、エチレン・プロピレンゴム、ブタジエンゴム、スチレンブタジエンゴム等が用いられ、好ましくはEPDMが用いられる。
 熱可塑性樹脂とゴムとの接着は、低圧プラズマ処理された熱可塑性樹脂成形品に、接着剤を介することなく、未加硫の有機過酸化物含有ゴム組成物を直接加硫接着させることによって行われる。加硫はゴム組成物の混練物を熱可塑性樹脂成形品に接合させ、約150~200℃、約0.5~60分間程度の条件下で、加熱圧着して重合膜が有しているラジカルとゴムとを架橋させることによって行われる。
 有機過酸化物としては、例えば2,5-ジメチル-2,5-ビス(第3ブチルパーオキシ)ヘキサン、2,5-ジメチル-2,5-ビス(第3ブチルパーオキシ)ヘキシン-3、ベンゾイルパーオキサイド、ビス(2,4-ジクロロベンゾイル)パーオキサイド、ジクミルパーオキサイド、ジ第3ブチルパーオキサイド、第3ブチルクミルパーオキサイド、第3ブチルパーオキシベンゼン、1,1-ビス(第3ブチルパーオキシ)-3,5,5-トリメチルシクロヘキサン、2,5-ジメチルヘキサン-2,5-ジヒドロキシパーオキサイド、α,α′-ビス(第3ブチルパーオキシ)-p-ジイソプロピルベンゼン、2,5-ジメチル-2,5-ジ(ベンゾイルパーオキシ)ヘキサン、第3ブチルパーオキシイソプロピルカーボネート等が、一般にゴム100重量部当り約0.5~10重量部の割合で用いられる。
 次に、実施例について本発明を説明する。
 実施例1
 PA66樹脂(東レ製品アミランCM3001-G30;ポリアミド系樹脂)を射出成形機を用いて25×60×2mmの平板状に成形した。得られたPA66樹脂平板を、Al製平行平面電極板を備えたガラス製真空容器内の電極上に配置し、圧力約30Paのエチレンガス雰囲気下、周波数40kHz、出力600W、1分間の条件で、RIE方式による低圧プラズマ処理を行った。
 低圧プラズマ処理PA66樹脂平板表面のラジカル量(強度)を、日本電子製品ESR(電子スピン共鳴)を用いて測定したグラフが、低圧プラズマ未処理PA66樹脂平板表面のラジカル量(Bで示される)とともに図1に示される。図1のグラフに示される如く、低圧プラズマ未処理PA66樹脂平板表面にはラジカルが確認されないのに対して、プラズマ重合後の表面(Aで示される)からはラジカルが生成されていることが確認された。
 次いで、低圧プラズマ処理PA66樹脂平板に下記配合例Iの未加硫EPDM組成物の混練物を接合させ、180℃、8分間の加圧加硫を行い、ポリアミド系樹脂-EPDM複合体を得た。
 (配合例I)
 EPDM(JSR社製品EP22)                   100重量部
 HAFカーボンブラック(キャボットジャパン製品)        50 〃
 ステアリン酸(ミヨシ油脂製品)                1 〃
 ダイナプロセスオイル(出光興産製品PW-380)         10 〃
 酸化亜鉛(堺化学工業製品)                  5 〃
 有機過酸化物(日本油脂製品パークミルD)           3 〃
 得られたポリアミド系樹脂-EPDM複合体について、ISO 813に対応するJIS K6256(2006)に準拠して90°剥離試験による接着強度とゴム残り面積率の測定を行ったところ、接着強度は4.1N/mm、ゴム残り面積率は100%であった。
 実施例2
 実施例1において、低圧プラズマ処理を圧力約40Paのメタンガス雰囲気下、周波数40kHz、出力600W、3分間の条件で行い、得られたポリアミド系樹脂-EPDM複合体について、接着強度とゴム残り面積率の測定を行ったところ、接着強度は4.0N/mm、ゴム残り面積率は100%であった。
 実施例3
 実施例1において、低圧プラズマ処理を圧力約10Paのアセチレンガス雰囲気下、周波数40kHz、出力600W、1分間の条件で行い、得られたポリアミド系樹脂-EPDM複合体について、接着強度とゴム残り面積率の測定を行ったところ、接着強度は4.1N/mm、ゴム残り面積率は100%であった。
 実施例4
 実施例1において、低圧プラズマ処理される樹脂として、PA6T(三井化学製品アーレンA335;ポリアミド系樹脂)を用いて得られたポリアミド系樹脂-EPDM複合体について、接着強度とゴム残り面積率の測定を行ったところ、接着強度は4.3N/mm、ゴム残り面積率は100%であった。
 実施例5
 実施例1において、低圧プラズマ処理されたポリアミド製平板の代わりに、同様に低圧プラズマ処理された同形状のポリフェニレンスルフィド(東ソー製サスティールPPS GS-30)製平板を用いて得られたポリフェニレンスルフィド樹脂-EPDM複合体について、接着強度とゴム残り面積率の測定を行ったところ、接着強度は4.5N/mm、ゴム残り面積率は100%であった。
 実施例6
 実施例1において、低圧プラズマ処理されたポリアミド製平板の代わりに、同様に低圧プラズマ処理された同形状のPI樹脂(三井化学アーレンJGN 3030)製平板を用いて得られたポリイミド系樹脂-EPDM複合体について、接着強度とゴム残り面積率の測定を行ったところ、接着強度は3.9N/mm、ゴム残り面積率は100%であった。
 比較例1
 実施例1において、低圧プラズマ処理されたポリアミド製平板の代わりに、同様に低圧プラズマ処理された同形状のSUS304鋼板を用いて得られたSUS304鋼板-EPDM複合体について、接着強度とゴム残り面積率の測定を行ったところ、接着強度は0 N/mm、ゴム残り面積率は0%であった。
 比較例2
 実施例1において、低圧プラズマ処理されたポリアミド製平板の代わりに、同様に低圧プラズマ処理された同形状のアルミニウム板を用いて得られたアルミニウム板-EPDM複合体について、接着強度とゴム残り面積率の測定を行ったところ、接着強度は0 N/mm、ゴム残り面積率は0%であった。
 比較例3
 実施例1において、低圧プラズマ処理されたポリアミド製平板の代わりに、同様に低圧プラズマ処理された同形状の真鍮板を用いて得られた真鍮板-EPDM複合体について、接着強度とゴム残り面積率の測定を行ったところ、接着強度は0 N/mm、ゴム残り面積率は0%であった。
 比較例4
 実施例1において、低圧プラズマ処理が行われないポリアミド製平板を用いて得られたポリアミド系樹脂-EPDM複合体について、接着強度とゴム残り面積率の測定を行ったところ、接着強度は0 N/mm、ゴム残り面積率は0%であった。
 比較例5
 実施例1において、低圧プラズマ処理が、PA66樹脂平板をAl製平行平面平板を備えたガラス製真空容器内の平板上に配置し、圧力約30Paのエチレンガス雰囲気下、周波数40kHz、出力600W、5分間の条件で行われた。得られたポリアミド系樹脂-EPDM複合体について、接着強度とゴム残り面積率の測定を行ったところ、接着強度は0 N/mm、ゴム残り面積率は0%であった。
 比較例6
 実施例1において、未加硫EPDM組成物として下記配合例IIのEPDM組成物を用いて得られたポリアミド系樹脂-EPDM複合体について、接着強度とゴム残り面積率の測定を行ったところ、接着強度は0 N/mm、ゴム残り面積率は0%であった。
 (配合例II)
 EPDM(JSR社製品EP33)                   100重量部
 HAFカーボンブラック(キャボットジャパン製品)        60 〃
 ステアリン酸(ミヨシ油脂製品)                1 〃
 ダイナプロセスオイル(出光興産製品PW-380)          2 〃
 酸化亜鉛(堺化学工業製品)                  5 〃
 加硫促進剤(大内新興化学工業製品ノクセラーTT)        1 〃
 加硫促進剤(大内新興化学工業製品ノクセラーM)       0.5 〃
 イオウ                          1.5 〃
 実施例7
 実施例1において、未加硫EPDM組成物の代わりに下記配合例IIIの未加硫天然ゴム組成物を用いて得られたポリアミド系樹脂-天然ゴム複合体について、接着強度とゴム残り面積率の測定を行ったところ、接着強度は1.5N/mm、ゴム残り面積率は100%であった。
 (配合例III)
 天然ゴム                         100重量部
 HAFカーボンブラック(キャボットジャパン製品)        50 〃
 ステアリン酸(ミヨシ油脂製品)               2.5 〃
 ダイナプロセスオイル(出光興産製品PW-380)         10 〃
 酸化亜鉛(堺化学工業製品)                 3.5 〃
 有機過酸化物(日本油脂製品パークミルD)           3 〃
 実施例8
 実施例7において、低圧プラズマ処理されたポリアミド製平板の代わりに、同様に低圧プラズマ処理された同形状のポリフェニレンスルフィド(東ソー製サスティールPPS GS-30)製平板を用いて得られたポリフェニレンスルフィド樹脂-天然ゴム複合体について、接着強度とゴム残り面積率の測定を行ったところ、接着強度は1.3N/mm、ゴム残り面積率は100%であった。
 比較例7
 実施例7において、低圧プラズマ処理されたポリアミド製平板の代わりに、同様に低圧プラズマ処理された同形状のSUS304鋼板を用いて得られたSUS304鋼板-天然ゴム複合体について、接着強度とゴム残り面積率の測定を行ったところ、接着強度は0 N/mm、ゴム残り面積率は0%であった。
 比較例8
 比較例5において、配合例Iの未加硫EPDM組成物の代わりに前記配合例IIIの未加硫天然ゴム組成物を用いて得られたポリアミド系樹脂-天然ゴム複合体について、接着強度とゴム残り面積率の測定を行ったところ、接着強度は0 N/mm、ゴム残り面積率は0%であった。
 比較例9
 実施例1において、配合例1の未加硫EPDM組成物の代わりに下記配合例IVの未加硫天然ゴム組成物を用いて得られたポリアミド系樹脂-天然ゴム複合体について、接着強度とゴム残り面積率の測定を行ったところ、接着強度は0 N/mm、ゴム残り面積率は0%であった。
 (配合例IV)
 天然ゴム                         100重量部
 HAFカーボンブラック(キャボットジャパン製品)        50 〃
 ステアリン酸(ミヨシ油脂製品)               2.5 〃
 ダイナプロセスオイル(出光興産製品PW-380)          2 〃
 酸化亜鉛(堺化学工業製品)                  8 〃
 加硫促進剤(大内新興化学工業製品ノクセラーMSA-G)      1 〃
 イオウ                           6 〃
 比較例10
 実施例1において、配合例Iの未加硫EPDM組成物の代わりに下記配合例Vの未加硫フッ素ゴム組成物を用いて得られたポリアミド系樹脂-フッ素ゴム複合体について、接着強度とゴム残り面積率の測定を行ったところ、接着強度は2.6N/mm、ゴム残り面積率は0%であった。
 (配合例V)
 フッ素ゴム(ダイキン製品ダイエルG901)           100重量部
 MTカーボンブラック                    20 〃
 酸化マグネシウム(協和化学製品マグネシア♯150)       6 〃
 水酸化カルシウム                      3 〃
 トリアリルイソシアヌレート(日本化成製品)         1.8 〃
 有機過酸化物(日本油脂製品パーヘキサ25B)         0.8 〃
 比較例11
 実施例1において、配合例Iの未加硫EPDM組成物の代わりに下記配合例VIの未加硫水素化ニトリルゴム組成物を用いて得られたポリアミド系樹脂-水素化ニトリルゴム複合体について、接着強度とゴム残り面積率の測定を行ったところ、接着強度は0.5N/mm、ゴム残り面積率は0%であった。
 (配合例VI)
 水素化ニトリルゴム(日本ゼオン製品ZETPOL 1020)      100重量部
 HAFカーボンブラック(キャボットジャパン製品)        50 〃
 ステアリン酸(ミヨシ油脂製品)               0.5 〃
 酸化亜鉛(堺化学工業)                    5 〃
 加硫促進剤(大内新興化学工業製品ノクセラーMBZ)       1 〃
 有機過酸化物(日本油脂製品パークミルD)           3 〃
 本発明に係る樹脂ゴム複合体は、樹脂カップリングストッパ、燃料案内システム、冷却流体案内システム、オイル案内システム等のエレメント、ドラムシール、トランスミッション用のサイドカバー用シール等の自動車部品、防震ゴム、空気ばね、樹脂ゴム積層ホースなどとして有効に用いられる。

Claims (5)

  1.  炭化水素系モノマーを用いてRIE方式による低圧プラズマ重合法を適用することにより重合膜が形成された熱可塑性樹脂成形品に、有機過酸化物含有パーオキサイド架橋性非極性ゴム組成物を、接着剤を介さずに直接加硫接着させた樹脂ゴム複合体。
  2.  炭化水素系モノマーとして、脂肪族飽和炭化水素、脂肪族不飽和炭化水素、環状炭化水素または芳香族炭化水素が用いられた請求項1記載の樹脂ゴム複合体。
  3.  炭化水素系モノマーが、He、Ar、N2、Ne、O2およびH2の少なくとも一種であるガスによって希釈されて用いられた請求項1記載の樹脂ゴム複合体。
  4.  熱可塑性樹脂として、ポリアミド系樹脂、ポリフェニレンスルフィド樹脂またはポリイミド樹脂が用いられた請求項1記載の樹脂ゴム複合体。
  5.  パーオキサイド架橋性非極性ゴムが、パーオキサイド架橋性のEPDM、天然ゴム、エチレン・プロピレンゴム、ブタジエンゴムまたはスチレンブタジエンゴムである請求項1記載の樹脂ゴム複合体。
PCT/JP2014/058827 2013-04-01 2014-03-27 樹脂ゴム複合体 Ceased WO2014162970A1 (ja)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS60197740A (ja) * 1984-03-21 1985-10-07 Idemitsu Petrochem Co Ltd 積層体の製造方法
JPS6241232A (ja) * 1985-08-16 1987-02-23 Bridgestone Corp 加硫ゴムと他材料との接着方法
JPH03262636A (ja) * 1990-03-14 1991-11-22 Bridgestone Corp ゴム系複合材料の製造方法
JP2000026807A (ja) * 1998-07-14 2000-01-25 Seiko Epson Corp 接着方法およびその装置

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4766176B2 (ja) * 2010-02-15 2011-09-07 横浜ゴム株式会社 炭素薄膜被覆物品とゴムとの接着体

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS60197740A (ja) * 1984-03-21 1985-10-07 Idemitsu Petrochem Co Ltd 積層体の製造方法
JPS6241232A (ja) * 1985-08-16 1987-02-23 Bridgestone Corp 加硫ゴムと他材料との接着方法
JPH03262636A (ja) * 1990-03-14 1991-11-22 Bridgestone Corp ゴム系複合材料の製造方法
JP2000026807A (ja) * 1998-07-14 2000-01-25 Seiko Epson Corp 接着方法およびその装置

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