WO2014157719A1 - Dispositif de génération de puissance à stabilisation de sortie à rendement élevé et système de génération de puissance hydraulique de type à petit flux d'eau - Google Patents

Dispositif de génération de puissance à stabilisation de sortie à rendement élevé et système de génération de puissance hydraulique de type à petit flux d'eau Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014157719A1
WO2014157719A1 PCT/JP2014/059464 JP2014059464W WO2014157719A1 WO 2014157719 A1 WO2014157719 A1 WO 2014157719A1 JP 2014059464 W JP2014059464 W JP 2014059464W WO 2014157719 A1 WO2014157719 A1 WO 2014157719A1
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Prior art keywords
output
voltage
permanent magnet
generator
speed
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PCT/JP2014/059464
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
原嶋　崇
勉 上石
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中央電子システム株式会社
エスケー・テック販売株式会社
八洲電機株式会社
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Priority claimed from JP2013182594A external-priority patent/JP5600789B1/ja
Application filed by 中央電子システム株式会社, エスケー・テック販売株式会社, 八洲電機株式会社 filed Critical 中央電子システム株式会社
Publication of WO2014157719A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014157719A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/21—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/217—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M7/25—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only arranged for operation in series, e.g. for multiplication of voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
    • H02M1/0077—Plural converter units whose outputs are connected in series

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a high-efficiency output-stabilized power generation device using a permanent magnet and a flowing water type small hydropower generation system.
  • permanent magnet generators use permanent magnets for the rotor, they can efficiently generate generated power and are used as wind power generators, micro hydropower generators, and on-vehicle generators.
  • the rotational speed of the generator and the generated voltage are in a proportional relationship.
  • the generator as described above is usually designed to obtain rated power at low speed rotation, and the wind power is strong.
  • the generated voltage exceeds the maximum input voltage (withstand voltage) of the controller when the water flow rate is high, or when the vehicle operates at high speed or during no-load operation. It was.
  • Fig. 11 shows the output drooping characteristics of a permanent magnet generator and the load fluctuation characteristics of hydraulic power and wind power.
  • point A is no-load operation
  • point B is the rated load (5.5A) droop point
  • point C is the rotation of the turbine or windmill due to the increase in generator torque due to the current flowing, It shows the point where the voltage drops.
  • the voltage at this point C is 100 VAC (phase voltage). From this point, in the case of no-load operation, the rotation / voltage suddenly increases and reaches about 300 VAC (phase voltage). At this time, the rectified output voltage becomes a high voltage of about 720 VDC. Therefore, conventionally, for example, a predetermined idle current is passed to prevent a large voltage change from occurring even when there is no load. That is, it always involves a large power loss.
  • the output winding, output side solenoid coil, output terminal, and tip of the control solenoid coil in a three-phase AC generator are connected to a three-phase rectifier, and power is supplied to the DC terminal of the three-phase rectifier.
  • a voltage control switch such as a transistor
  • detecting the voltage of the load three-phase rectification unit and controlling the on-time of the voltage control switch so that the voltage becomes constant
  • the device can be simplified.
  • a permanent magnet generator voltage stabilization control device has been proposed in which the capacity of the power transistor is reduced.
  • the permanent magnet generator 1 described in Patent Document 1 has coils L1 and L2 arranged in series with respect to the generator coil 2 in order to control the output voltage at no load. Forcibly flowing i1 through the generator and adopting the AC constant voltage method using the output voltage drooping characteristic of the generator and the voltage drop of L1, the coil L1, There is a problem that a large heat loss occurs in order to consume the stored energy of the counter electromotive force due to L2. Further, this Patent Document 1 proposes a winding switching method that reduces the output winding to 1/2 or less when the rotation speed is high. In addition, there is a problem that an electronic circuit for switching windings is required, and a control algorithm is also complicated, leading to an increase in manufacturing cost.
  • the water turbine continues to rotate regardless of the state of the power receiving side, so that it operates at maximum rotation and maximum voltage without load even before the control circuit is activated. In this state, if the input voltage exceeds the withstand voltage of the control circuit or the grid interconnection device, and the power generation output is connected as it is, these will be broken.
  • This method has the disadvantage that the startup and re-startup procedures are difficult, and the dummy resistor generates heat and consumes a large amount of power, reducing the overall power generation efficiency.
  • a small hydroelectric generator In the case of a small hydroelectric generator, it can be installed in an agricultural waterway or the like and connected to a power system, and a minimum number of revolutions of 1000 rpm or more is required to obtain a predetermined power. For this purpose, a running water drop of 1 m or more and a flow rate of 1 m 3 or more are necessary, and the installable water channels are limited.
  • an always-driven generator has an engine speed of about 600 rpm and a speed increase ratio of 2.5 times, and a rectified output of about 300 VDC is obtained at a generator speed of 1500 rpm. ⁇ 2.5), the generated voltage is 300 V ⁇ 10000 / 1500 ⁇ 2000 VDC, which exceeds the withstand voltage 1200 V of the semiconductor constituting the control circuit.
  • the invention described in Patent Document 3 relates to a power converter, and the configuration thereof is, in particular, from the circuit configuration diagram shown in FIG. 7, DC power sources 21 and 22 connected in parallel to the AC power source 10, and a DC power source 21.
  • the power converter 4 is connected to the power source 3 and the power converter 3 is connected to the DC power source 22.
  • the outputs of the two power converters 4 and 3 are supplied in series to the load 5.
  • the DC power source 21 includes a transformer 21a connected to the AC power source 10 and an AC-DC converter 21b to which a current after the transformation of the transformer 21a is input.
  • the DC power source 22 is similarly transformed.
  • an AC-DC converter 22b is similarly transformed.
  • the transformers 21a and 22a are interposed between the AC power source 10 and the AC-DC converters 21b and 22b, and the power from the AC power source 10 is the transformer 21a, Since the AC power supply 10 and the AC-DC converters 21b and 22b are not directly connected to each other, the weight of the apparatus is increased, and a transformer loss occurs in the transformers 21a and 22a. There is a problem that efficiency is lowered.
  • the switching rectifier circuit as a control circuit is an integrated configuration, and the output voltages of the parallel coils W2 and W3 indicated by reference numeral 406 in FIG. 4 are added. It is the structure which flows into a switching rectifier circuit. That is, for the control circuit, the output voltage is already added at the input stage, and the semiconductors constituting the control circuit of the subsequent stage, for example, S704, S732, S706, and S734 in FIG. The two output voltages from are added and applied.
  • the power source 210 of the AC generator 205 in FIG. 2 is an internal combustion engine or a turbine, and is mainly a portable generator, and the rotational speed thereof is appropriately controlled by the controller 204. It has become.
  • the present invention does not employ a dummy resistance method or a reactance drop method, and further controls the maximum power generation voltage at no load and at high speed rotation at least half that of the prior art without requiring winding switching. It is an object of the present invention to provide a high-efficiency output-stabilized power generation apparatus that can step down all input voltages to a circuit without waste and can stabilize a wide range of input voltages with high efficiency without significant loss.
  • a power generator including one permanent magnet generator that is driven by a rotational drive source composed of any one of a windmill, a water turbine, and a rotating body of an automobile and whose output voltage varies according to the rotational speed,
  • n 1 / n output windings that are wound in parallel, where n is an integer greater than or equal to 2, and that 1 / n output voltage is obtained with respect to the rated output voltage;
  • a control circuit including a DC / DC converter, and an addition connection unit for connecting the n number of step-down DC / DC converter output terminals in series to directly add the respective DC outputs in series to obtain a required voltage.
  • High-efficiency output-stabilized power generation Location
  • the permanent magnet generator is a high-efficiency small hydraulic power generator driven by a turbine through a gearbox with a speed increase ratio of 5 to 8 times.
  • a low-efficiency, low-power hydroelectric power generation system with at least two high-efficiency, stabilized power generators that can generate electricity with less than 0.5m of running water at intervals of 0.5m or more and less than 1.0m. Power generation system.
  • n-based permanent magnet generator driven by a rotational drive source composed of any one of a windmill, a water wheel, and an automobile rotating body, wherein n is an integer of 2 or more, and an output voltage changes according to a rotational speed.
  • N generator coils each of which is provided for each of the n permanent magnet generators, and 1 / n output windings that can obtain an output voltage of 1 / n with respect to a rated output voltage.
  • each DC output can be directly used.
  • the addition connection part which carries out serial addition and makes it a required voltage. A high-efficiency output-stabilized power generator.
  • the rotating body as the rotational drive source includes not only an output shaft of a windmill or a water turbine and an axle of an automobile, but also a drum rotating around a fixed shaft in the case of a drum motor type generator, for example.
  • the output voltage of the n output windings with the number of windings of the generator winding being 1 / n is rectified and the output voltage is stabilized by the step-down DC / DC converter ( For example, 280 / nVDC) is added in series to obtain 280VDC, so that the maximum input voltage (withstand voltage) of the rectifier diode, the high-speed switching element (Sic) for the step-down DC / DC converter, etc. at the maximum generator speed.
  • the step-down DC / DC converter for example, 280 / nVDC
  • the efficiency is further improved by reducing the power generation voltage.
  • the generated voltage is 1 / n of the conventional voltage, there is no need to switch windings, and the generator output is reduced in parallel with the load. It is not necessary to insert the over resistor and the external reactance, the generated voltage at a low loss from a low-speed rotation range to a high speed range efficiently stabilized may be utilized.
  • n is a withstand voltage of the step-down DC / DC converter with respect to an input voltage Emax to one step-down DC / DC converter when the permanent magnet generator has the maximum rotation speed.
  • Ew maximum input voltage
  • Emax / n ⁇ Ew is set so that the input voltage to the step-down DC / DC converter does not exceed the withstand voltage of the step-down DC / DC converter.
  • the power generation efficiency can be increased without using a control circuit using high-cost elements.
  • n is an allowable input voltage of the step-down DC / DC converter with respect to an input voltage Emax to one step-down DC / DC converter when the permanent magnet generator has the maximum rotation speed.
  • Ec is set, Emax / n ⁇ Ec so that the input voltage to the step-down DC / DC converter does not exceed the controllable voltage of the step-down DC / DC converter.
  • the power generation efficiency can be increased without using a control circuit using this element.
  • the allowable input voltage is a voltage that can be controlled by the step-down DC / DC converter. If the generated voltage is lower than the maximum input voltage (withstand voltage), the element of the step-down DC / DC converter will not be destroyed. However, if the generated voltage frequently approaches the maximum input voltage, the element will deteriorate due to heat generation. In order to prevent this, an allowable input voltage is determined.
  • the present invention does not employ a dummy resistance method or a reactance drop method, and further sets the maximum power generation voltage at no load and at high speed rotation to 1 / n of the conventional, and does not require winding switching to the control circuit.
  • it is possible to step down all input voltages without waste and to stabilize a wide range of input voltages with high efficiency without a large loss.
  • the circuit diagram which shows the circuit containing the output winding of the permanent magnet type generator in the high efficiency output stabilization electric power generating apparatus which concerns on Example 1 of this invention.
  • Sectional drawing which shows typically the output winding of the permanent magnet type generator in Example 1
  • the circuit diagram which shows the detail of the pressure
  • the diagram which shows the heat loss in the electric power generating apparatus of Example 1 in relation to a generated voltage and a rotational speed.
  • Diagram showing similar heat loss in a conventional reactance descent power generator The perspective view which shows typically the Example of the flowing-water type small hydroelectric power generation system which installed the flowing-water type small hydroelectric power generation device which is a highly efficient output stabilization electric power generation apparatus in the small water channel, and was comprised.
  • the diagram which compares and shows the turbine rotational torque at the time of using a 5 times gearbox when using this invention for a flowing water type small hydroelectric generator, and the turbine rotation torque at the time of using a 20 times gearbox A circuit diagram showing a circuit including an output winding of a permanent magnet generator in a high-efficiency stabilized output power generator according to a distributed embodiment in which 1 / n winding is divided into n permanent magnet generators Sectional drawing which shows typically the output winding of the permanent magnet type generator in the same Example Circuit diagram showing a case where four permanent magnet generators are used in a distributed embodiment. Diagram showing the output drooping characteristics of a permanent magnet generator and the load fluctuation characteristics of hydropower and wind power A circuit diagram showing a conventional power generator that suppresses the output voltage by the reactance drop method.
  • a highly efficient output stabilization power generation apparatus (hereinafter referred to as a power generation apparatus) according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 will be described in detail.
  • the power generation apparatus 10 includes a permanent magnet generator 20, a control circuit 30, and an addition connection unit 38, and applies an output voltage to the load 12.
  • the permanent magnet generator 20 is a three-phase AC generator, and the output windings of the U phase, V phase, and W phase are as shown in FIG. 2 for each of the U phase, V phase, and W phase. Are composed of two output windings in parallel. The number of turns of each output winding is halved so that the output voltage is halved with respect to the number of turns when the rated voltage is output.
  • the U-phase output winding is composed of output windings 24U 1 and 24U 2 parallel to each other
  • the V-phase output winding is composed of output windings 24V 1 and 24V 2 parallel to each other
  • the W-phase The output winding is composed of output windings 24W 1 and 24W 2 parallel to each other. That is, it consists of two parallel output windings 24U 1 , 24V 1 , 24W 1 and 24U 2 , 24V 2 , 24W 2 .
  • the generator of the first embodiment is formed with 18 slots and 12 poles.
  • the rotor 26 is driven from a rotary drive source 29 that is a rotating body such as a hydroelectric generator, a wind power generator, or an automobile axle through a speed increasing device 29A to increase the rotational speed.
  • the output voltages of these two output windings are stabilized independently for each system in the control circuit 30, and the two DC outputs are added in series by the addition connection unit 38, resulting in a load.
  • the 2Y connection output serial addition method is configured.
  • This 2Y connection output serial addition method is a configuration in which the winding of the generator is Y-connected, and the output is made direct current, then stabilized by a step-down DC / DC converter and added in series. Indicates.
  • One of the two systems of three-phase alternating current output in the permanent magnet generator 20 is directly input to the three-phase rectifier 32-1, and the other is directly input to the three-phase rectifier 32-2, and is converted into direct current.
  • the direct current outputs of the phase rectifiers 32-1 and 32-2 are stepped down separately in step-down DC / DC converters 34-1 and 34-2.
  • the maximum 1200 VDC input is stepped down and stabilized to 140 VDC.
  • step-down DC / DC converters 34-1 and 34-2 as shown in detail in FIG. 3, PWM switching elements 36-1 and 36-2 are provided so that only necessary power is supplied. ing. Although only the PWM switching element 36-1 of the step-down DC / DC converter 34-1 is shown in FIG. 3, the PWM switching element 36-2 of the step-down DC / DC converter 34-2 has the same configuration. Therefore, the illustration is omitted by indicating 36-1 (36-2).
  • the three-phase rectifiers 32-1 and 32-2 are exactly the same, and the step-down DC / DC converters 34-1 and 34-2 are also identical.
  • two permanent magnet generators 20 are provided with two Y-connection coils each having a winding number 1 ⁇ 2 of the number of turns in the case of the rated output voltage ( 24U 1 , 24V 1 , 24W 1 and 24U 2 , 24V 2 , 24W 2 ) are set in parallel, the power generation outputs of the two systems are individually rectified, and the step-down DC / DC converter 34-1, 34-2 is stabilized, and the DC outputs of the step-down DC / DC converters 34-1 and 34-2 are added in series by the addition connection unit 38 to obtain a rated output (for example, DC 280V output).
  • a rated output for example, DC 280V output
  • the three-phase rectifiers 32-1 and 32-2 and the step-down DC / DC converters 34-1 and 34-2 are added to the control circuit 30 by adding the stabilized outputs in series.
  • the applied voltage is 1/2 that of the system. That is, each input circuit (three-phase rectifiers 32-1 and 32-2) of the control circuit 30 has an applied voltage that is 1 ⁇ 2 that of the conventional one system.
  • the circuit can be constructed using the, it can be mounted on a windmill or automobile in which the rotational drive source is rotated at a high speed.
  • the structure of the generator can be simplified, and a low-cost power generator that can be easily mass-produced can be configured.
  • n is an integer of 2 or more.
  • the n is obtained by a 1 / n output winding to the step-down DC / DC converters 34-1 and 34-2 when the permanent magnet generator 20 has the highest rotation speed.
  • Ew the maximum input voltage which is the withstand voltage of the step-down DC / DC converters 34-1 and 34-2
  • Emax A value satisfying / n ⁇ Ew may be selected.
  • 1200 VDC is a withstand voltage of the electronic components constituting the step-down DC / DC converter.
  • n is an allowable input voltage to the step-down DC / DC converter with respect to an input voltage Emax to one step-down DC / DC converter at the maximum rotation speed of the permanent magnet generator.
  • the energy loss in the PWM switching elements 36-1 and 36-2 is the ON resistance (0.08 ⁇ / 35A) of the FET + switching loss. + It is limited to the copper loss (0.04 ⁇ ) of the choke coil L and is very small.
  • the energy stored in the choke coil L is consumed by the load 12, so that no high spike voltage is generated and no heat is generated. It is extremely effective for making a wide range of input voltages (146V to 1200V) into a constant voltage output (for example, output voltage DC140V or DC280V), and energy loss is small.
  • the choke coil L requires an AC three-phase choke coil in the reactance descent method, but in this method, it can be configured with one DC power choke coil, which is light in weight, highly efficient, and low in cost. Can do.
  • the rectifier is not limited to the one using a diode, and may be a rectifier by high-speed switching, for example.
  • the desired generated voltage can be obtained even when the rotation of the rotary drive source including the water turbine, the windmill, and the axle is low.
  • a gearbox is used to make it available.
  • the desired voltage can be obtained during low-speed rotation, but the generated voltage exceeds the maximum input voltage (withstand voltage) of the control circuit during high-speed rotation and no-load rotation. It will break the circuit.
  • the speed increasing ratio of the speed increasing device 29A is m, and the input voltage Emax to one step-down DC / DC converter at the maximum number of rotations during no-load rotation or high-speed rotation.
  • the allowable input voltage of the step-down DC / DC converter is Ec
  • the speed increase ratio can be further reduced in consideration of the generator torque. This will be described below.
  • the torque applied to the water wheel is reduced to 1 ⁇ 4, and the rotation speed of the water wheel is improved from 50 rpm to 140 rpm as calculated above.
  • the generated voltage can be secured at low speed, and the change in the number of revolutions during no-load operation and rated load operation can also be reduced.
  • the efficiency of the flowing-water small hydroelectric generator can be improved from 30% to 85%. did it. Even in the range of 5.0 ⁇ m ⁇ 7.5, the efficiency could be less than 85% and 50% or more.
  • the speed increaser is applied not only to a hydroelectric power generator but also to a wind power generator or an in-vehicle power generator.
  • the rotational speed of an automobile diesel engine is 600 rpm at a low speed and 3500 rpm at a high speed.
  • this speed is increased by a speed increaser with a speed increase ratio of 2.5 times, the rotational speed of the input shaft of the generator is 1500 rpm to 8750 rpm. .
  • the no-load phase voltage maximum is 400 VAC
  • the reactance of FIG. the maximum no-load phase voltage is 700 VAC
  • the entire rotation region (1500 to 8750 rpm) of the generator can be controlled without switching the winding, whereas the reactance drop method has a line voltage. Therefore, it can be understood that control cannot be performed without using winding switching.
  • a highly efficient output stabilization power generation device (hereinafter referred to as a power generation device) 100 according to a distributed embodiment in which the 1 / n winding shown in FIGS. 8 to 9 is divided into n permanent magnet generators will be described in detail. explain.
  • symbol is attached
  • the power generation device 100 includes two permanent magnet generators 20-1 and 20-2 having the same configuration, a control circuit 30, and an addition connection unit 38, and applies an output voltage to the load 12. To do.
  • the permanent magnet generators 20-1 and 20-2 are three-phase AC generators, and are rotational drive sources that are two output shafts such as a left and right wheel shaft before or after a water turbine, a windmill, or an automobile.
  • 72A and 72B are connected in parallel, and are rotationally driven almost synchronously by rotational drive sources 72A and 72B via speed increasers 73A and 73B, respectively, and are three-phase alternating currents of U phase, V phase, and W phase, respectively. It is designed to generate electricity.
  • the output windings 24U 1 , 24V 1 , 24W 1 and 24U 2 , 24V 2 , 24W 2 of the U phase, V phase, and W phase in the two permanent magnet generators 20-1 and 20-2 are:
  • the number of turns is set to 1/2 so that the output voltage becomes 1/2 with respect to the number of turns when the rated voltage is output.
  • windings of 24U 1 , 24V 1 , 24W 1 , 20-2 of 24U 2 , 24V 2 , 24W 2 of the two permanent magnet generators 20-1 are output in parallel with the two units. Has been.
  • the generator of a present Example is formed with 18 slots and 12 poles.
  • the rotor 26 rotates from the rotational drive sources 29-1 and 29-2, which are two rotating bodies such as a hydroelectric generator, a wind power generator, or an automobile axle, through speed increasers 29A-1 and 29A-2. The speed is increased and driven almost synchronously.
  • the output voltages of these two output windings are stabilized independently for each system in the control circuit 30, and the two DC outputs are added in series by the addition connection unit 38, resulting in a load.
  • the 2Y connection output serial addition method is configured.
  • This 2Y connection output serial addition method is a configuration in which the winding of the generator is Y-connected, and the output is made direct current, then stabilized by a step-down DC / DC converter and added in series. Indicates.
  • One of the two systems of three-phase AC outputs that are the outputs of the two permanent magnet generators 20-1 and 20-2 is directly connected to the three-phase rectifier 32-1, and the other is directly connected to the three-phase rectifier 32-2.
  • Input and individually converted into DC, and further, the DC outputs of the three-phase rectifiers 32-1 and 32-2 are individually stepped down in the step-down DC / DC converters 34-1 and 34-2. ing.
  • the maximum 1200 VDC input is stepped down and stabilized to 140 VDC.
  • the step-down DC / DC converters 34-1 and 34-2 have the same configuration as in the first embodiment shown in FIG.
  • two systems 24U 1 , 24V 1 , 24W 1 , 24U 1 ) of Y connection coils each having a winding number 1 ⁇ 2 of the winding number in the case of the rated output voltage are used.
  • 2 , 24V 2 , 24W 2 are set independently for the two permanent magnet generators 20-1 and 20-2, and the two permanent magnet generators 20-1 and 20-2 Are individually rectified and individually stabilized by the step-down DC / DC converters 34-1 and 34-2, and the DC outputs of the step-down DC / DC converters 34-1 and 34-2 are added and connected.
  • the unit 38 adds in series to obtain a rated output (for example, DC 280V output).
  • the power added in series may be supplied to a commercial power source connected to the grid as, for example, a 200 V three-phase alternating current through the grid interconnection device.
  • the three-phase rectifiers 32-1 and 32-2 and the step-down DC / DC converters 34-1 and 34-2 are added to the control circuit 30 by adding the stabilized outputs in series.
  • the applied voltage is 1 ⁇ 2.
  • each input circuit (three-phase rectifiers 32-1 and 32-2) of the control circuit 30 has an applied voltage that is 1 ⁇ 2 that of the conventional one system.
  • the circuit can be constructed using the, it can be mounted on a windmill or automobile in which the rotational drive source is rotated at a high speed.
  • the structure of the generator can be simplified, and a low-cost power generator that can be easily mass-produced can be configured.
  • the coils of the two permanent magnet generators 20-1 and 20-2 have the number of turns of each coil being 1 ⁇ 2 of the number of turns of the coil at the rated output. , 1/3 when the number of generators is 3, 1/4 when the number of generators is 4,... 1 / n when the number of generators is n. Note that n is an integer of 2 or more (hereinafter the same).
  • n is a 1 / n output to the step-down DC / DC converters 34-1 and 34-2 when the permanent magnet generators 20-1 and 20-2 are at the maximum rotation speed.
  • the maximum input voltage which is the withstand voltage of the step-down DC / DC converters 34-1 and 34-2, is obtained with respect to the input voltage Emax obtained by winding and rectified by the three-phase rectifiers 32-1 and 32-2.
  • Ew is set, a value satisfying Emax / n ⁇ Ew may be selected.
  • 1200 VDC is a withstand voltage of the electronic components constituting the step-down DC / DC converter.
  • n is an allowable input voltage to the step-down DC / DC converter with respect to an input voltage Emax to one step-down DC / DC converter at the maximum rotation speed of the permanent magnet generator.
  • the output voltage can be added even if there is a difference in the rotation speed between the two generators driven by the left and right wheel shafts, resulting in an output voltage difference. Accordingly, in order to obtain a predetermined voltage from only one shaft in the conventional vehicle generator, it is necessary to use a high-cost power generator or speed increaser. In the case of the first embodiment, a low-cost power generator is used. Since electric power can be efficiently obtained from the left and right wheel shafts and both output voltages can be added, it is possible to obtain electric power that is 2 times or n times that of the prior art, particularly in a low speed region.
  • the two permanent magnet generators are separately attached to, for example, two rotating bodies that rotate with front and rear left and right wheels.
  • the simulation result is the same as when the first embodiment is used for a vehicle.
  • the permanent magnet power generator 50 includes four permanent magnet generators 60-1, 60-2, 60-3, 60-4, a control circuit 70, and an addition connection section 72. Each of the permanent magnet generators 60-1, 60-2, 60-3, 60-4 is driven to rotate four times through the gearboxes 51-1, 51-2, 51-3, 51-4. Connected to sources 50-1, 50-2, 50-3, 50-4.
  • the control circuit 70 includes four three-phase rectifiers 62-1, 62-2, 62-3, 62-4, step-down DC / DC converters 64-1, 64-2, 64-3, 64-4, PWM System switching elements 66-1, 66-2, 66-3, 66-4 are included.
  • n is determined in the same manner as in the first embodiment.
  • n stabilized outputs are added in series to obtain a high voltage (for example, 1000 VDC), long-distance transmission is performed, and an output voltage such as 280 VDC is output by a high-efficiency step-down DC / DC converter on the power receiving side.
  • a high voltage for example, 1000 VDC
  • long-distance transmission is performed, and an output voltage such as 280 VDC is output by a high-efficiency step-down DC / DC converter on the power receiving side.
  • power transmission with AC high voltage has been mainly performed, but this method enables high voltage power transmission with DC method without using a transformer.
  • the load current flows, it becomes n ⁇ T, and a large load torque is applied to the turbine and windmill, resulting in a reduction in the rotational speed.
  • This is suitable when the generator is rotated by an external force or when the rotational speeds of a plurality of rotary drive shafts vary as in the specific example of the second embodiment.
  • the above-described permanent magnet power generator for a vehicle is always driven to rotate by wheels, an axle, or an engine output shaft.
  • the present invention is not limited to this. It may be one that generates power only during operation.
  • the rotational speed is 1 / n compared with the conventional one
  • two power generation coils are provided, and the stabilized output is added in series.
  • the ratio By setting the ratio to 1 / n, the speed increase ratio to the water wheel and windmill can be reduced, and their rotation increases, so the number of rotations can be further reduced to 1 / n, and the power generation output voltage is as usual with a speed increase ratio of 1 / n. It is.
  • hydropower and wind power generation there is a problem of how much power is generated at low speed rotation, and therefore, there is a possibility of use as micro hydropower generation and micro wind power generation devices.
  • High-efficiency output stabilization power generator 12 ... Load 20, 20-1, 20-2, 60-1, 60-2, 60-3, 60-4, ... Permanent magnet generator 29, 29-1, 29-2, 50-1, 50-2, 50-3, 50-4... Rotation drive source 29A, 29A-1, 29A-2, 51-1, 51-2, 51-3, 51 -4 ... Speed increaser 30, 70 ... Control circuit 32-1, 32-2, 62-1, 62-2, 62-3, 62-4 ... Three-phase rectifiers 34-1, 34-2, 64-1 , 64-2, 64-3, 64-4 ... step-down DC / DC converters 36-1, 36-2, 66-1, 66-2, 66-3, 66-4 ... PWM switching elements 38, 72 ... Additional connection section 40 ... Flowing small hydroelectric power generation system 42 ... Small channel 44A, 44B, 44C ... Flowing small hydraulic power generation Location

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un dispositif de génération de puissance (10) qui est constitué par un générateur de puissance de type à aimants permanents (20), un circuit de commande (30), et une section de connexion d'addition (38), et qui applique une tension de sortie à une charge (12). Le générateur de puissance de type à aimants permanents (20) est un générateur de courant alternatif (CA) triphasé. Chaque bobinage de sortie de la phase U, de la phase V, et de la phase W possède le nombre de bobinages réduit de moitié de telle sorte que la tension de sortie est la moitié d'une tension nominale, et est constitué par des bobinages de sortie à deux systèmes mutuellement parallèles (24U1 et 24U2, 24V1 et 24V2, et 24W1 et 24W2). Les tensions de sortie dans les bobinages de sortie à deux systèmes sont redressées dans le circuit de commande (30) pour chaque phase U, phase V et phase W avec chaque système maintenu indépendamment ; stabilisées par des convertisseurs continu-continu abaisseurs de tension (34-1, 34-2) pour chaque système ; ajoutées en série à travers la section de connexion d'addition (38) ; et ensuite appliquées à la charge (12).
PCT/JP2014/059464 2013-03-29 2014-03-31 Dispositif de génération de puissance à stabilisation de sortie à rendement élevé et système de génération de puissance hydraulique de type à petit flux d'eau WO2014157719A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2013075073 2013-03-29
JP2013-075073 2013-03-29
JP2013182594A JP5600789B1 (ja) 2013-03-29 2013-09-03 高効率出力安定化発電装置及び流水式小水力発電システム
JP2013182593A JP5600788B1 (ja) 2013-03-29 2013-09-03 高効率出力安定化発電装置及び流水式小水力発電システム
JP2013-182593 2013-09-03
JP2013-182594 2013-09-03

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3322085A1 (fr) * 2016-11-10 2018-05-16 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Système de production d'énergie électrique comportant un générateur synchrone
WO2018108779A1 (fr) * 2016-12-12 2018-06-21 Avl List Gmbh Dispositif pour tester des systèmes de stockage d'énergie électrique
US10122306B2 (en) 2017-03-08 2018-11-06 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Electric power generating system with a permanent magnet generator and combination of active and passive rectifiers
US10498274B2 (en) 2016-11-10 2019-12-03 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation High voltage direct current system for a vehicle

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JPH01501497A (ja) * 1987-07-15 1989-05-25 サンドストランド・コーポレーション インバータで運転されるタービン・エンジンの始動装置
JPH0984396A (ja) * 1995-09-18 1997-03-28 Toyo Densan Kk 車載発電装置
JPH1084700A (ja) * 1996-09-06 1998-03-31 Shinko Electric Co Ltd 発電装置
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3322085A1 (fr) * 2016-11-10 2018-05-16 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Système de production d'énergie électrique comportant un générateur synchrone
US10498274B2 (en) 2016-11-10 2019-12-03 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation High voltage direct current system for a vehicle
US11043880B2 (en) 2016-11-10 2021-06-22 Hamilton Sunstrand Corporation Electric power generating system with a synchronous generator
WO2018108779A1 (fr) * 2016-12-12 2018-06-21 Avl List Gmbh Dispositif pour tester des systèmes de stockage d'énergie électrique
CN110168897A (zh) * 2016-12-12 2019-08-23 李斯特内燃机及测试设备公司 用于测试电能储存系统的装置
US10122306B2 (en) 2017-03-08 2018-11-06 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Electric power generating system with a permanent magnet generator and combination of active and passive rectifiers

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