WO2014155799A1 - Batterie métal-air du type à injection de liquide - Google Patents

Batterie métal-air du type à injection de liquide Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014155799A1
WO2014155799A1 PCT/JP2013/078948 JP2013078948W WO2014155799A1 WO 2014155799 A1 WO2014155799 A1 WO 2014155799A1 JP 2013078948 W JP2013078948 W JP 2013078948W WO 2014155799 A1 WO2014155799 A1 WO 2014155799A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
liquid
tank
liquid injection
storage tank
type air
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2013/078948
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
櫛引　圭子
宮澤　篤史
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日産自動車株式会社
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Priority to JP2015507937A priority Critical patent/JP5946002B2/ja
Publication of WO2014155799A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014155799A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M12/00—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M12/04—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of the fuel-cell type and of a half-cell of the primary-cell type
    • H01M12/06—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of the fuel-cell type and of a half-cell of the primary-cell type with one metallic and one gaseous electrode
    • H01M12/065—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of the fuel-cell type and of a half-cell of the primary-cell type with one metallic and one gaseous electrode with plate-like electrodes or stacks of plate-like electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/60—Arrangements or processes for filling or topping-up with liquids; Arrangements or processes for draining liquids from casings
    • H01M50/609—Arrangements or processes for filling with liquid, e.g. electrolytes
    • H01M50/627—Filling ports
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/317—Re-sealable arrangements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an air battery that uses oxygen as a positive electrode active material, and more particularly, to an injection type air battery in which an electrolyte liquid is injected during use.
  • Patent Document 1 As a conventional liquid injection type air battery, there was one described in Patent Document 1 as an air zinc battery.
  • the zinc-air battery described in Patent Document 1 includes an electrolyte container and a battery stack.
  • the electrolyte container is filled with an electrolyte, and includes an electrolyte discharge port protruding downward and an electrolyte sealing film that closes the discharge port.
  • the battery stack is composed of a plurality of cathode tubes and anode tubes, and includes an electrolyte injection port protruding upward and a plug-in tubular portion arranged in the injection port.
  • an electrolyte container and a battery stack are placed in a battery casing in an up-and-down direction.
  • the electrolyte outlet of the electrolyte container and the electrolyte inlet of the battery stack are spaced apart from each other by a predetermined interval. Hold in a state of facing each other.
  • the upper part of the electrolyte container is pushed from the outside to lower the electrolyte container, and the electrolyte sealing film at the electrolyte discharge port is torn by the insertion tubular part of the electrolyte injection port, whereby the electrolyte solution in the electrolyte container is Power is supplied to the stack and power generation is started.
  • the present invention has been made by paying attention to the above-described conventional problems.
  • a liquid injection type air battery in which a liquid storage tank and a cell assembly are vertically arranged, hydrogen gas generated during power generation is accumulated in the liquid storage tank.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid injection type air battery capable of preventing the above.
  • a liquid injection type air battery includes a cell assembly in which a plurality of single cells each having an electrolyte liquid storage portion are arranged, and a liquid injection port to each storage portion is disposed at the top, and the cell integration body
  • a liquid storage tank is provided which is disposed on the upper side and stores the electrolyte liquid.
  • the liquid injection type air battery has a tank opening means for opening the lower portion of the liquid storage tank, and a liquid injection closed between the opening of the liquid storage tank by the tank opening means and each liquid injection port of the cell assembly.
  • a manifold that forms a space is provided, and the manifold has a gas vent for discharging gas generated in the cell assembly upward, and the above configuration is a means for solving the conventional problems. .
  • the electrolyte liquid includes the electrolyte itself or a liquid (water) for melting the electrolyte solute material mixed in the electrode structure.
  • liquid injection type air battery of the present invention adopts the above-described configuration, in the liquid injection type air battery in which the liquid storage tank and the cell assembly are arranged vertically, hydrogen gas generated during power generation is accumulated in the liquid storage tank. Can be prevented.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view (A) illustrating a state before liquid injection in the first embodiment of the liquid injection type air battery of the present invention, and a cross-sectional view (B) based on the line AA in FIG. Sectional view (A) based on the line BB in FIG. 1A, a plan view (B) for explaining the movable plate of the tank opening means and the opening cap, an enlarged plan view (C) of the opening cap, and a side view (D) It is.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view (A) illustrating a state after liquid injection of the liquid injection type air battery shown in FIG. 1, and a cross-sectional view (B) based on the line AA in FIG. FIG.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view (A) for explaining a second embodiment of the liquid-injected air battery of the present invention, and a cross-sectional view (B) based on the line BB in FIG.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view (A) illustrating a third embodiment of the injection type air battery of the present invention, and a cross-sectional view (B) based on the line BB in FIG.
  • a liquid injection type air battery C1 shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 includes a cell assembly S formed by arranging a plurality of single cells 1, and a liquid storage tank that is disposed above the cell assembly S and stores an electrolyte liquid 2. T is provided.
  • the liquid injection type air battery C includes a tank opening means for opening the lower part of the liquid storage tank T, and a manifold 6 for connecting the liquid storage tank T and the cell assembly S.
  • an arrow P shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is an air flow direction, and the same applies to embodiments described later.
  • the unit cell 1 has an accommodating portion 1 ⁇ / b> C for an electrolyte liquid 2 between a flat air electrode 1 ⁇ / b> A and a flat metal negative electrode 1 ⁇ / b> B.
  • a cell integrated body S is constituted by the cell 1 and the cell frame F holding these cells.
  • each single cell 1 in the cell assembly S is arranged at a predetermined interval in a direction orthogonal to the air flow direction P, and an air flow path is provided between adjacent single cells 1. Af is formed.
  • a current collector (not shown) that electrically connects adjacent single cells is formed in the air flow path Af.
  • Such a cell assembly S may be referred to as an assembled battery.
  • the frame F closes the upper and lower ends of each single cell 1, the front and rear end portions in the air flow direction P, and the upper end portions of the adjacent single cells 1 in a liquid-tight (water-tight) manner.
  • a liquid injection port H communicating with each storage unit 1C of each single cell 1 and a liquid return port R to each storage unit 1C are provided.
  • the liquid injection ports H are arranged in a row in a direction orthogonal to the air flow direction P, and the liquid return ports R are also arranged in a row.
  • the accommodating portion 1C of each single cell 1 is closed by the frame F in the vertical direction and before and after the air flow direction P, and is opened only to the upper side by the liquid injection port H and the liquid return port R, respectively.
  • the cell assembly S is formed by arranging a plurality of unit cells 1 each having the accommodating portion 1C for the electrolyte liquid 2, and the liquid injection port H and the liquid return port R to the respective accommodating portions 1C are arranged at the upper part. The configuration is arranged.
  • the cell assembly S has an inclination at the upper part, and in this embodiment, the cell assembly S has an inclination in which the upstream side in the air flow direction P is a lower side and the downstream side is an upper side.
  • the liquid injection port H to each storage unit 1C is arranged on the lower side of the inclination
  • the liquid return port R to each storage unit 1C is arranged on the upper side of the inclination.
  • the cell assembly S is disposed between the liquid injection port H on the upper side of the accommodating portion 1C of each single cell 1, more specifically on the air electrode 1A, the metal negative electrode 1B, and the accommodating portion 1C. It has a surplus holding region 9 that accommodates the electrolyte liquid 2.
  • the air electrode 1A constituting the single cell 1 is composed of a positive electrode member and a liquid tight ventilation member arranged in the outermost layer.
  • the positive electrode member includes, for example, a catalyst component and a conductive catalyst carrier that supports the catalyst component.
  • the positive electrode catalyst component include platinum (Pt), gold (Au), silver (Ag), iridium (Ir), palladium (Pd), osmium (Os), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni ), Metals such as manganese (Mn), and alloys thereof, oxides of these metals, composite oxides, sulfides, porphyrin-type organic metals, phthalocyanine-type organic metals, WC, Mo2C, carbon such as carbon black and activated carbon A well-known thing can be used.
  • the shape and size of the catalyst component are not particularly limited, and the same shape and size as those of conventionally known catalyst components can be employed. *
  • the catalyst carrier functions as a carrier for supporting the above-described catalyst component and an electron conduction path involved in the transfer of electrons between the catalyst component and another member.
  • the catalyst carrier may be any catalyst carrier as long as it has a specific surface area for supporting the catalyst component in a desired dispersed state and has sufficient electron conductivity, and known carbon can be used.
  • the liquid-tight ventilation member is a member that has liquid-tightness with respect to the electrolyte liquid and has air-permeability with respect to oxygen.
  • This liquid-tight ventilation member uses a water-repellent film such as polyolefin or fluororesin so that the electrolyte liquid can be prevented from leaking to the outside, and on the other hand, a large number can supply oxygen to the positive electrode member. Have fine pores.
  • the metal negative electrode 1B constituting the single cell 1 includes a negative electrode active material made of a single metal or an alloy whose standard electrode potential is lower than that of hydrogen.
  • a negative electrode active material made of a single metal or an alloy whose standard electrode potential is lower than that of hydrogen.
  • simple metals whose standard electrode potential is lower than that of hydrogen include zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), aluminum (Al), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), silicon (Si), titanium (Ti), and chromium. (Cr), vanadium (V), etc.
  • the alloy include those obtained by adding one or more metal elements or non-metal elements to these metal elements.
  • the material is not limited to these, and a conventionally known material applied to the air battery can be applied.
  • Electrolyte liquid 2 includes the electrolyte itself or a liquid (water) for melting a solid electrolyte mixed in the single cell 1.
  • an electrolytic solution for example, an aqueous solution of potassium chloride, sodium chloride, potassium hydroxide, or the like can be applied, but is not limited thereto, and a conventionally known electrolytic solution applied to an air battery is used. Can do.
  • the liquid storage tank T has a structure in which a deformable internal tank 4 is accommodated in the housing 3.
  • the housing 3 of this embodiment has a slightly flat rectangular parallelepiped shape, and has an opening 3C opposite to the upper side of the liquid injection port H group of the frame F on the bottom surface as shown in FIG.
  • the movable plate 5 constituting the tank opening means is assembled in the opening 3C.
  • the opening 3 ⁇ / b> C has a horizontal portion that extends in the width direction of the bottom surface of the housing 3 (a direction orthogonal to the air flow direction P) and a vertical portion that is continuous with both side surfaces of the housing 3.
  • the movable plate 5 is a plate member having a width dimension corresponding to the width of the opening 3C and a longitudinal dimension longer than the width of the bottom surface of the housing 3, and has a slit 5A in the center.
  • the movable plate 5 is prevented from moving upward at the vertical portions on both sides of the opening 3C, and passes through the bottom of the housing 3 as shown in FIG.
  • the internal tank 4 is, for example, a resin bag.
  • the resin to be used is not particularly limited as long as it can be freely deformed.
  • the electrolyte liquid (electrolyte solution) 2 is an alkaline aqueous solution, at least a portion in contact with the electrolyte liquid 2 is used. It is necessary to use an alkali resistant resin. Specific examples include polypropylene, polyethylene, nylon, and Teflon (registered trademark).
  • the inner tank 4 should not be made of a material that can be broken to cause liquid leakage when deformed.
  • the internal tank 4 of this embodiment stores the electrolyte liquid 2 and is partially lifted by the movable plate 5 assembled to the opening 3C of the housing 3 as shown in FIG. In the housing 3.
  • the internal tank 4 is configured to be easily contracted and deformed, for example, formed into a bellows shape or provided with an appropriate crease, and has a configuration that reduces the volume as much as possible when contracted and deformed.
  • the shrinkage deformation of the internal tank 4 is a deformation that reduces the volume of the internal tank 4 and does not require a stretchable material.
  • the tank opening means is a means for opening the lower part of the internal tank 4 of the liquid storage tank T, and is constituted by the movable plate 5, a pair of electromagnetic actuators 7 and 7, and a plurality of opening caps 8. It is. As shown in FIG. 1 (B), the electromagnetic actuators 7 and 7 are fixed to both the left and right sides of the housing 3 with respect to the air flow direction P, and the output shaft directed downward is connected to the end of the movable plate 5. Thus, the movable plate 5 is held at the upper limit.
  • the opening cap 8 is a rectangular tube-shaped member, and has a saw blade-like cutting edge 8A at the upper end.
  • a plurality of opening caps 8 (five in the illustrated example) are arranged in series on the upper surface of the frame F of the cell assembly S within a range corresponding to the slits 5A of the movable plate 5.
  • the slit 5A is within the range of the liquid injection port H group of the frame F due to the positional relationship between the opening 3C of the housing 3 and the movable plate 5 described above.
  • the cutting edge 8 ⁇ / b> A is positioned on the lower side of the upper surface of the movable plate 5. At this time, since the internal tank 4 is partially lifted by the movable plate 5 as described above, it is separated from the cutting edge 8A of the opening cap 8. In FIG. 1B, only a part of the opening cap 8 is shown enlarged.
  • the liquid injection type air battery C1 has a structure in which the liquid storage tank T houses the deformable internal tank 4 in the housing 3.
  • the tank opening means is disposed in the manifold 6, the movable plate 5 that partially lifts and holds the bottom of the internal tank 4, the electromagnetic actuator 7 that lowers the movable plate 5, and the manifold 6.
  • an opening cap 8 that cuts and opens the bottom of the internal tank 4 that is lowered together with the movable plate 5 is provided.
  • the manifold 6 is a deformable annular body that liquid-tightly connects the liquid storage tank T and the cell assembly S, and is formed of the same material as the internal tank 4 in order to ensure resistance to the electrolyte liquid 2. be able to.
  • the manifold 6 has an upper end portion that surrounds the opening portion of the liquid storage tank T by the tank opening means, that is, a portion that surrounds a portion facing the opening cap 8 on the bottom surface of the internal tank 4. It is liquid-tightly adhered to.
  • the upper end of the manifold 6 is also bonded to the upper surface of the movable plate 5.
  • the manifold 6 is bonded to the upper surface of the movable plate 5 together with the bottom of the internal tank 4.
  • the manifold 6 passes through the inside of the slit 5 ⁇ / b> A of the movable plate 5 at the intermediate portion.
  • the manifold 6 is liquid-tightly bonded to the portion surrounding the liquid injection port H group and the liquid return port R group of the cell assembly S at the lower end.
  • the manifold 6 has a frame portion 6A on the entire periphery of the lower end portion, and the frame portion 6A is bonded and fixed to the entire periphery of the upper end portion of the cell assembly S.
  • the manifold 6 forms a closed space for liquid injection from the opening of the liquid storage tank T by the tank opening means to each liquid injection port H of the cell assembly S.
  • the opening of the liquid storage tank T by the tank opening means is formed at the position of the opening 3 ⁇ / b> C of the housing 3.
  • the manifold 6 has a gas vent 10 for discharging the gas generated in the cell assembly S upward.
  • the gas vent 10 is formed by a pipe that is appropriately bent, and is disposed on the downstream side of the air flow direction P and above the liquid return port R of the cell assembly S.
  • the degassing unit 10 includes a gas inlet 10A disposed on a lower side than the opening (the opening 3C of the housing 3) of the liquid storage tank T by the tank opening means (5, 7, 8), and the opening.
  • the gas outlet 10B is disposed on the upper side.
  • the liquid injection type air battery C1 includes a distribution case 11 that accommodates the cell aggregate S and the liquid storage tank T.
  • the distribution case 11 has an air inlet 11A on the upstream side (right side in FIG. 1 (A)) in the air circulation direction P, and an outlet 11B on the other side.
  • the distribution case 11 in the illustrated example forms a flow path from the introduction port 11A to the discharge port 11B through each air flow path Af between the single cells 1.
  • the degassing part 10 is arranged at the discharge port 11B of the distribution case 11, and in this embodiment, the degassing part 10
  • the gas outlet 10B is arranged toward the coaxial line of the outlet 11B.
  • the liquid injection type air battery C1 has a blower (not shown) disposed on the inlet side of the inlet 11A of the distribution case 11, a controller that controls the electromagnetic actuator 7, the blower, and the like, and an operation unit.
  • the switch can be configured to include such switches.
  • the amount of the electrolyte liquid 2 stored in the liquid storage tank T is a total volume of the accommodating portion 1C and the excess holding region 9 of each single cell 1 or a slightly smaller amount than the total volume.
  • the liquid injection type air battery C1 having the above-described configuration is mounted on the vehicle as an auxiliary power source of an automobile, for example, and can be activated by a switch arranged in the vicinity of the driver's seat. That is, when both electromagnetic actuators 7 are actuated, the liquid injection type air cell C1 moves the output shafts of both electromagnetic actuators 7 downward so that the state shown in FIG. Descends. Then, the bottom of the internal tank 4 is lowered together with the movable plate 5, the opening base 8 protrudes from the slit 5 ⁇ / b> A relative to the downward movement of the movable plate 5, and the bottom of the internal tank 4 is cut by the cutting blade 8 ⁇ / b> A of the opening base 8. Open. At this time, since the opening cap 8 has a rectangular tube shape, it does not hinder the flow of the electrolyte liquid 2 at all.
  • the electrolyte liquid 2 in the internal tank 4 flows down in the manifold 6 and is injected from each injection port H of the frame F to the accommodating portion 1C of each unit cell 1.
  • the manifold 6 has a function of distributing the electrolyte liquid 2 flowing out from one place at the bottom of the liquid storage tank T to the accommodating portion 1C of each single cell 1, and a function of preventing the liquid leakage and scattering of the electrolyte liquid 2.
  • the liquid-injected air battery C1 has air (1) on the air electrode 1A facing the outside or the air flow path Af. Since (oxygen) is supplied, power generation (discharge) is started immediately.
  • hydrogen gas is generated in the cell assembly S by a self-discharge side reaction.
  • the manifold 6 since the manifold 6 has the gas vent 10 for exhausting the gas generated in the cell assembly S upward, the hydrogen gas is discharged from the gas vent 10. Thus, it is possible to prevent the hydrogen gas generated at the start of liquid injection from flowing into the liquid storage tank T and accumulating.
  • the liquid injection type air battery C1 of the present invention although a small amount of hydrogen gas may flow into the liquid storage tank T, a large amount of hydrogen gas does not accumulate.
  • the liquid injection type air battery C1 includes a gas inlet 10A in which the gas venting portion 10 is disposed on the lower side of the open portion of the liquid storage tank T, and a gas outlet that is disposed on the upper side of the open portion. For example, even if liquid injection and power generation are started during running in which vibration or acceleration acts, it is possible to prevent a situation in which the electrolyte liquid 2 leaks from the gas vent 10. it can.
  • the liquid injection type air battery C1 includes the cell assembly S, the liquid injection port H disposed on the lower side of the upper slope, and the liquid return port R disposed on the upper side of the slope. Since the gas vent 10 is arranged on the upper side of R, the hydrogen gas generated inside the cell assembly S moves along the upper slope and is discharged from the upper liquid return port R. It will be discharged
  • FIG. 1 the gas vent 10 is arranged on the upper side of R, the hydrogen gas generated inside the cell assembly S moves along the upper slope and is discharged from the upper liquid return port R. It will be discharged
  • the gas vent 10 is not disposed at the discharge port 11B of the distribution case 11, so that the air circulating in the distribution case 11, that is, the introduction of the cell assembly S from the introduction port 11A.
  • the air discharged from the discharge port 11B through the air flow path Af the hydrogen gas discharged from the degassing part 10 can be quickly discharged to the outside.
  • the gas outlet 10B of the gas vent 10 is arranged toward the outlet 11B of the distribution case 11, the hydrogen gas can be discharged.
  • the gas outlet 10B can prevent leakage of the electrolyte liquid 2 as described above by at least the upper side of the open portion of the liquid storage tank T. Furthermore, as shown in the example of FIG. If it arrange
  • the injection type air battery C1 includes the cell assembly S, the storage tank T for the electrolyte liquid 2, the tank opening means (5, 7, 8), and the manifold 6. It is easy to automate the injection of liquid 2, and even under conditions where vibration, tilt and acceleration are applied, liquid injection can be reliably performed without causing liquid leakage, and power can be generated quickly. You can start. Therefore, when the liquid injection type air battery C1 is used as an auxiliary power source for automobiles, the liquid injection type air battery C1 can reliably inject liquid while traveling and can reliably prevent liquid leakage. It is very effective for application to a high-power air battery using liquid 2.
  • the liquid injection type air battery C1 has a structure in which the liquid storage tank T accommodates the deformable internal tank 4 in the housing 3, and the tank opening means includes the movable plate 5, the electromagnetic actuator 7, Since it has an opening cap 8 arranged in the manifold 6, the movable part such as the movable plate 5 and the electromagnetic actuator 7 does not come into contact with the electrolyte liquid 2 at all. Can be realized.
  • the tank opening means may be a mechanism in which the opening cap 8 is moved upward by an actuator to open the internal tank 4. Further, it is possible to adopt a configuration provided with a movable cutting blade, a configuration in which the entire storage tank T is lowered and the lower portion thereof is opened, and the like. 5. If the electromagnetic actuator 7 and the opening cap 8 are employed, the movable part can be prevented from touching the electrolyte liquid 2 as described above, and the internal tank 4 can be opened with a small driving force. It can contribute to reduction in size and weight.
  • the bottom of the internal tank 4 may be lowered by the weight of the electrolyte liquid 2 as the movable plate 5 is lowered. Is possible.
  • the bottom of the internal tank 4 is bonded to the upper surface of the movable plate 5 together with the upper end of the manifold 6 as described above. The bottom part is lowered integrally, and the bottom part of the internal tank 4 can be cut and opened more reliably by the opening cap 8.
  • the liquid-injected air battery C1 has a surplus holding region 9 for accommodating the surplus electrolyte liquid 2 on the upper side of the accommodating portion 1C of each unit cell 1 because the cell assembly S has an electrolyte.
  • the working liquid 2 is distributed to each single cell 1 without overflowing into the manifold 6. Thereby, the electrolyte liquid 2 can be distributed to each unit cell 1 almost evenly.
  • by injecting the electrolyte liquid 2 into each single cell 1 without leaving an excess it is possible to prevent a short circuit caused by the electrolyte liquid 2 between adjacent single cells 1, so-called a liquid junction, and to generate power by leakage. Loss and unnecessary heat generation can be suppressed.
  • the upper part of the cell assembly S is inclined, the liquid return port R is disposed on the upper side, and the liquid injection port H is disposed on the lower side.
  • the electrolyte liquid 2 flowing out from T to the manifold 6 is mainly supplied from the liquid injection port H to the accommodating portion 1C.
  • the electrolyte liquid 2 naturally overflows into the manifold 6 from the lower liquid injection port H.
  • the liquid return port R which is higher than the liquid injection port H, exhibits a compensation function for discharging the excess electrolyte liquid 2, and the manifold 6 has an electrolyte.
  • the liquid 2 is overflowed and distributed to the single cells 1 that are lacking.
  • the vehicle-mounted power source that receives the effects of vibration, tilt, and acceleration is more suitable.
  • the upper portion of the cell assembly S is inclined in one direction in the above embodiment, but a plurality of inclined surfaces are provided, or an inclined surface is provided only on the inner side of the upper portion. It is also possible to provide a stepped step. However, if the liquid 2 for electrolyte considers the fluidity of hydrogen gas, the inclined surface is more preferable than the step.
  • Second Embodiment 4 and 5 are diagrams for explaining the second and third embodiments of the injection type air battery of the present invention.
  • the same components as those of the previous embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof is omitted.
  • the liquid injection type air battery C2 shown in FIG. 4 has the same basic configuration as that described in the first embodiment (see FIG. 1), and in particular, the distribution case 11 is a fluid that circulates in the discharge port 11B.
  • the gas venting part 10 is arranged with the gas outlet 10B facing the acceleration part 12.
  • Accelerator 12 in this embodiment is a venturi tube integrally formed in the middle of discharge port 11B. That is, the discharge port 11 has a configuration in which a part of the inner diameter is reduced by the acceleration unit 12.
  • the gas venting part 10 is formed of a pipe bent at 90 degrees in the middle, and the gas outlet 10B is arranged on the coaxial line on the inlet side of the accelerating part 12.
  • the liquid injection type air battery C2 can obtain the same operations and effects as those of the previous embodiment.
  • the air flow velocity is increased by the acceleration unit 12 at the discharge port 11B of the distribution case 11. It becomes high (pressure becomes low), and this discharges so that the hydrogen gas which passed through the degassing part 10 will be sucked out. That is, the discharge of hydrogen gas becomes even quicker.
  • the injection type air battery C2 since the injection type air battery C2 has the accelerating portion 12 at the discharge port B in the flow channel in the distribution case 11 from the introduction port 11B to the discharge port 11B, the pressure loss distribution is on the downstream side of the flow channel. It gets bigger. Thereby, there is an effect that it is possible to reduce variation in the distribution amount of air with respect to the plurality of air flow paths Af formed between the single cells 1.
  • the liquid injection type air battery C3 shown in FIG. 5 has the same basic structure as that described in the second embodiment (see FIG. 4), and in particular, pressurizes and contracts the internal tank 4 of the liquid storage tank T.
  • a tank pressurizing means for deforming is provided.
  • the casing 3 constituting the liquid storage tank T has an introduction pipe 3A for introducing air into the casing 3 on the upstream side in the air circulation direction P (right side in FIG. 5A). On the other side, there is a discharge pipe 3B for discharging the air inside the housing 3.
  • the introduction pipe 3A and the discharge pipe 3B are arranged on, for example, a coaxial line, and are arranged in the introduction port 11A and the discharge port 11B of the distribution case 11, respectively.
  • This tank pressurizing means is a means for pressurizing and deforming the internal tank 4 by introducing air into the housing 3, and in addition to the introduction pipe 3A and the discharge pipe 3B, the inlet of the introduction pipe 3A. It can be configured to include a blower (not shown) or the like disposed on the side.
  • the discharge pipe 3B of the housing 3 is provided with a pressure regulating valve 15 for adjusting the air flow rate.
  • the above-described liquid injection type air battery C3 can obtain the same operation and effect as the previous embodiment, and in particular, starts with the pressure regulating valve 15 opened. At this time, the liquid injection type air battery C3 introduces air from the introduction port 11A of the distribution case 11, and a path for pressurized air (11A, 3A, 3, 3B, 11B) and a path for generated air (11A) , Af, 11B), the air is distributed and circulated, and then the tank is opened by the tank opening means.
  • the liquid injection type air battery C3 promotes the liquid injection to the cell integrated body S by pressurizing the internal tank 4 with air to push out the electrolyte liquid 2, and the cell integrated body S Supply air (oxygen) to At this time, the liquid injection type air battery C ⁇ b> 3 can control the flow rate of air flowing between the housing 3 and the internal tank 4 by adjusting the opening of the pressure regulating valve 15.
  • the pressure regulating valve 15 is throttled or closed. That is, after the electrolyte liquid 2 is injected, the air flowing inside the housing 3 becomes the amount of leak flow that does not contribute to power generation. Therefore, by reducing or closing the pressure regulating valve 15, the amount of air leak is reduced or The introduced air can be efficiently supplied to the cell assembly S. Note that after the start of liquid injection, hydrogen gas is discharged by the degassing unit 10 as in the previous embodiment.
  • the injection type air battery C3 described above significantly reduces the amount of air leaked, thereby reducing the loss of auxiliary equipment applied to the blower disposed on the inlet side of the inlet 11A and improving the system efficiency. be able to.
  • the cell assembly S is a high-density cell assembly in which the pitch (L) between adjacent single cells 1 is narrowed to increase the power density (kW / L) and the power generation density (kWh / L). Even in some cases, adjustment of liquid injection and suppression of air leakage during power generation can be performed by a simple mechanism.
  • the liquid injection type air battery C3 has a very simple structure because air essential for power generation is introduced into the distribution case 11 and a part thereof is used as a pressurizing medium for the internal tank 4.
  • the function of promoting the injection of the electrolyte liquid 2 and the function of supplying sufficient air (oxygen) to each single cell 1 can be made compatible.
  • the liquid injection type air battery of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and details of the configuration, such as the shape, number, and material of each part are within the scope of the present invention. It can change suitably and can also combine the structure of each embodiment.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Hybrid Cells (AREA)
  • Filling, Topping-Up Batteries (AREA)
  • Primary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

La batterie selon l'invention comprend : un empilement d'éléments (S) formé d'un agencement d'une pluralité d'éléments unitaires (1) présentant des parties d'accueil (1C) pour un électrolyte liquide (2), des ouvertures d'injection (H) vers chacune des parties d'accueil (1C) étant ménagées dans une partie supérieure ; un réservoir de stockage de liquide (T) disposé sur le côté supérieur de l'empilement d'éléments (S), ledit électrolyte liquide (2) étant stocké dans le réservoir de stockage de liquide (T) ; des moyens d'ouverture de réservoir (5, 7, 8) pour ouvrir la partie inférieure du réservoir de stockage de liquide (T) ; et un collecteur (6) formant un espace fermé à partir de la partie du réservoir de stockage de liquide (T) ouverte par les moyens d'ouverture de réservoir jusqu'aux ouvertures d'injection (H) de l'empilement d'éléments. Ledit collecteur comprend un élément d'évacuation du gaz pour évacuer vers le haut le gaz généré dans l'empilement d'éléments. Dans une batterie métal-air du type à injection de liquide (C1) dans laquelle le réservoir de stockage de liquide (T) et l'empilement d'éléments (S) sont disposés verticalement, le gaz hydrogène généré pendant la génération d'électricité est empêché de s'accumuler dans le réservoir de stockage de liquide (T).
PCT/JP2013/078948 2013-03-29 2013-10-25 Batterie métal-air du type à injection de liquide WO2014155799A1 (fr)

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JP2018190596A (ja) * 2017-05-08 2018-11-29 株式会社シーアイピーソフト 身体への装着が可能なマグネシウム空気電池
CN117013218A (zh) * 2023-09-13 2023-11-07 厦门海辰储能科技股份有限公司 一种电池盖板结构及电池单体
WO2023228428A1 (fr) * 2022-05-23 2023-11-30 ｉｎｅｏｖａ株式会社 Batterie métal-air scellée

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JP6153059B2 (ja) * 2013-03-29 2017-06-28 日産自動車株式会社 注液式空気電池

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JP2008071745A (ja) * 2006-08-17 2008-03-27 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 注液式電池
JP2009032400A (ja) * 2007-07-24 2009-02-12 Toyota Motor Corp 空気電池システム
JP2009289616A (ja) * 2008-05-29 2009-12-10 Toyota Motor Corp 空気電池
JP2012256547A (ja) * 2011-06-09 2012-12-27 Sankei Giken:Kk 携帯型マグネシウム・空気電池

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2018190596A (ja) * 2017-05-08 2018-11-29 株式会社シーアイピーソフト 身体への装着が可能なマグネシウム空気電池
WO2023228428A1 (fr) * 2022-05-23 2023-11-30 ｉｎｅｏｖａ株式会社 Batterie métal-air scellée
CN117013218A (zh) * 2023-09-13 2023-11-07 厦门海辰储能科技股份有限公司 一种电池盖板结构及电池单体
CN117013218B (zh) * 2023-09-13 2023-12-19 厦门海辰储能科技股份有限公司 一种电池盖板结构及电池单体

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