WO2014147190A1 - Mikroskop mit durchlicht-beleuchtungseinrichtung für kritische beleuchtung - Google Patents
Mikroskop mit durchlicht-beleuchtungseinrichtung für kritische beleuchtung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014147190A1 WO2014147190A1 PCT/EP2014/055629 EP2014055629W WO2014147190A1 WO 2014147190 A1 WO2014147190 A1 WO 2014147190A1 EP 2014055629 W EP2014055629 W EP 2014055629W WO 2014147190 A1 WO2014147190 A1 WO 2014147190A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- light
- aperture
- microscope according
- light source
- directing unit
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B21/00—Microscopes
- G02B21/06—Means for illuminating specimens
- G02B21/08—Condensers
- G02B21/086—Condensers for transillumination only
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B17/00—Systems with reflecting surfaces, with or without refracting elements
- G02B17/006—Systems in which light light is reflected on a plurality of parallel surfaces, e.g. louvre mirrors, total internal reflection [TIR] lenses
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B21/00—Microscopes
- G02B21/06—Means for illuminating specimens
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/30—Collimators
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
- G02B3/0006—Arrays
- G02B3/0037—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses
- G02B3/0056—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses arranged along two different directions in a plane, e.g. honeycomb arrangement of lenses
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/005—Diaphragms
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
- G02B5/0205—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties
- G02B5/021—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place at the element's surface, e.g. by means of surface roughening or microprismatic structures
Definitions
- Microscope with transmitted light illumination device for
- the present invention relates to a microscope with a transmitted light illumination device for critical illumination.
- Lighting used which requires little optical components. Usually account for at least collector and field stop.
- the object is located essentially in the sample-side focal point of the condenser, which is in the
- LEDs are as compact bulbs with many
- diffusers usually diffuser lenses, since in particular the LED interstices become clearer
- Illumination size, brightness degradation, etc.
- the light source has an LED arrangement which
- LEDs includes at least one LED.
- the use of LEDs reduces power consumption and waste heat compared to
- Incandescent filaments so that hardly any additional space for a complex cooling is needed.
- An LED is advantageous over conventional incandescent bulbs because they are at high
- Color temperature is dimmable. Due to the use of a suitable light directing unit (as explained below) is a Use of conventional diffusers is not necessary, so that a sufficient illuminance can be achieved even if the LED array has only a few LEDs, preferably between one and at most four LEDs, which simplifies the structure and reduces inhomogeneities, especially from LED spaces ,
- a light straightening unit For selectively influencing the directional characteristic of the light source, a light straightening unit is used. This produces a predetermined illumination (size, brightness decrease, etc.) of a remote area.
- the light source is preferably parallel to an optical axis of the light directing unit, preferably they coincide.
- the light-directing unit has a reflective one for aligning the light emitted by the light source
- the collimator is disposed within the light directing unit so that the optical axis of the light directing unit passes through the collimator and is parallel to, preferably coincident with, an optical axis of the collimator.
- the collimator collimates or parallelizes the angular range of the light emitted by the light source with a small one
- Beam angle (in particular smaller a threshold angle to the main emission). It is preferably designed as a lens. More preferably, the focal point of the lens is in the light source. The lateral surface serves to increase the angular range of the emitted light with a larger one
- Beam angle (especially greater than a threshold angle to the main emission) to parallelize.
- the design offers the advantage that the threshold angle from the manufacturer can be specified and adapted to the respective conditions.
- a suitable threshold angle is for example about 40 °.
- the light-directing unit is preferably designed so that almost all of the light emitted by the light source and coupled into the light coupling surface light is parallelized either by the collimator or by the lateral surface. For example, this can be done after the
- Cavity be provided, which is bounded by an inner circumferential surface.
- the inner surface is irradiated there is a refraction of light, whereby the light in
- the lateral surface preferably has the shape of a
- the lateral surface is as a surface mirror (advantageously, for example, for UV optics) or as
- Total reflection mirror which uses the total internal reflection at the interface (eg plastic - air) formed.
- the lateral surface reflects light within the light ⁇ directing element.
- the light directing unit may have suitable structures (e.g.
- the structure can either be in the decoupling surface of the
- Light directing unit to be integrated or as another
- Be light directing unit placed in the beam path.
- the angle characteristic and / or the homogeneity in the far field can be influenced and
- the light directing unit can be used as a combination of individual
- the light-directing unit does not image the light source.
- the decoupling surface is large enough for full-surface illumination of the condenser aperture. It has been shown that the objective pupils of objectives with different magnifications are well illuminated when the decoupling surface is larger than the maximum condenser aperture.
- the light source itself has a relatively small light emission surface, which in particular is smaller than the decoupling surface. The light emanating from the light directing unit is
- the system of light source and light-directing unit is set up so that the light emitted by the light-directing unit in one
- Angular range of at least ⁇ 5 ° (In the case of the beam paths commonly used in microscopy with round Cross section corresponds to an illuminated round surface with at least 87.5 cm in diameter) with intensity fluctuations less than 50%, preferably less than 35%, more
- the brightness varies within a range of at least ⁇ 5 ° around the optical axis of the light directing unit by at most 50%, 35% and 25%, respectively.
- a diffuser as is customary in microscope illuminators for homogenization, is not necessary. Therefore, the loss of light associated with the lens does not occur and sufficient brightness is provided even with relatively few LEDs.
- Preferred light directing units are essentially
- the decoupling surface can be a
- Microlens array with more than 20 microlenses are more than 20 microlenses.
- Preferred light directing units are made of transparent
- the invention provides with little effort a sufficiently homogeneous critical lighting for high quality
- Diameter of the decoupling surface corresponds, for lenses from magnifications of 20x sufficient homogeneity of the observed object causes.
- the distance of the decoupling surface from the condenser aperture the more homogeneous the object field is illuminated.
- the distance is at most selected so large that no convolution of the illumination beam path is necessary. This leads to cost advantages, since no
- Deflection means are needed. Usually, a distance of four times the diameter of the
- the depth of field of the image may be so large that even a decoupling surface arranged relatively far away is visible in the object image.
- the picture becomes inhomogeneous.
- a diffuser preferably a diffuser
- a structured optical component in the beam path.
- the diffuser is expediently arranged between Auskoppel requirements and condenser ⁇ aperture. He is preferably one and
- Aperture dimension (usually a predetermined
- Aperture diameter is below.
- the diffuser can also be permanently provided.
- the diffuser is in a particularly advantageous manner so
- the diffuser is preferably designed as a clear disc with predefined, scattering (preferably frosted) central area. This diffuser is particularly suitable for a permanent arrangement in the beam path.
- Illumination aperture of 0.35 (A numerical aperture 0.35 corresponds to the usual aperture of a 20x
- a diameter that is up to 1.5 times larger, is suitable, since still the scattering area is small compared to the entire decoupling surface and thus at high magnifications still high
- Illumination intensity is present.
- applications eg contrasting
- the solution is a non-circular predefined area, for example in the form of a star or other tapering structures.
- the frosted (essentially round) center of the non-circular area should again correspond to the predefined diameter of a illumination aperture of 0.35.
- mattings with gradients can be used.
- FIG. 1 shows a preferred embodiment of a
- FIG. 2 shows a preferred embodiment of a light-straightening unit suitable for the invention in one embodiment
- FIG. 3 shows a diagram of the emission characteristic of a suitable light source with a light-directing unit.
- Figure 4 shows schematically a first preferred
- Embodiment of a diffuser suitable for the invention Embodiment of a diffuser suitable for the invention.
- Figure 5 shows schematically a second preferred
- Embodiment of a diffuser suitable for the invention Embodiment of a diffuser suitable for the invention.
- FIG. 6 shows a further embodiment of a light-directing unit suitable for the invention in one embodiment
- FIG. 1 a preferred embodiment of a
- Microscope 100 according to the invention in a schematic
- the microscope 100 is used for viewing an object 0, which is arranged on a microscope stage 90.
- the microscope has a tripod 60 for Carrying different microscope elements, in particular a transmitted light illumination device 10, a
- the microscope stage is movable in a known manner via knobs 91 and 92 in the z or x / y direction.
- the transmitted light illumination device 10 has a
- Light source 20 which is designed as an LED array.
- a power supply 21 serves to supply the LED arrangement.
- Above the LED assembly 20 is a
- Light directing unit 30 arranged at its the
- Decoupling surface 32 with a dimension (here diameter, generally it may be a largest or smallest
- the light emitting surface (chip area) of the light source 20 is significantly smaller than the outcoupling surface 32 of the light directing unit, preferably smaller than that
- the illumination device furthermore has a condenser 40 which has a condenser aperture 41 with a dimension (here diameter, generally a maximum or minimum longitudinal extent through a geometric constriction)
- Example is designed as an adjustable iris diaphragm.
- the transmitted light illumination device 10 is set up for a critical illumination of the object 0 to be viewed.
- the object 0 is therefore located essentially in
- the Aperture aperture 41 is located substantially in the lamp-side focal point of the condenser 40.
- the light directing unit 30 directs the light emitted from the LED array 20 to radiate out of the outcoupling area 32 in an angle range between 10 degrees and 50 degrees.
- the light has an intensity distribution in the far field, so that in a range of at least 5 ° to the
- Main emission direction intensity varies by more than 50% (see Figure 3).
- Light directing unit 30 in a longitudinal sectional view (left), a plan view (center) and a perspective view (right) each shown schematically.
- the LED arrangement 20 has four individual LEDs in a rectangular arrangement. However, it may also have fewer LEDs, preferably only one LED.
- the light emitted by the LED arrangement 20 as a light source is coupled in at a coupling-in area 31 into the light-directing unit 30 and coupled out again at the upper outcoupling area 32. Between the coupling surface 31 and the
- Decoupling surface 32 extend an inner circumferential surface 33 and an outer circumferential surface 34. The from the inner
- Decoupling surface 32 limited body is formed of transparent plastic.
- the outer circumferential surface 34 is exemplified by the shape of a paraboloid of revolution and is referred to as Total reflection mirror formed so that the light is directed towards the decoupling surface.
- Outer surface can also be used as an ellipsoid of revolution or
- the inner circumferential surface 33 defines a channel whose shape is reminiscent of a drinking vessel. Within the bounded by the inner circumferential surface 33 channel is formed as a lens 35 collimator
- An axis of symmetry 36 forms the optical axis of the light-directing unit as well as the collimator and the
- the decoupling surface 32 has in the illustrated
- Embodiment a microlens array, wherein the microlenses are honeycomb-shaped.
- the decoupling surface 34 may also be unstructured (as in FIG. 6) or otherwise structured (for example Fresnel lenses).
- the light directing unit 30 does not image the light source 20.
- the light intensity is plotted in a Cartesian diagram.
- the light intensity I [Cd] is plotted on the y-axis at a distance of 5 meters against the emission angle [°] on the x-axis, wherein a single Luxeon Rebel white light LED has been used as the light source 20. It can be seen that the light is directed so that the center of gravity of the radiation lies in the region of the optical axis (0 °). There is thus a certain concentration of the
- Light output is in the range between -15 ° and + 15 °. It can also be seen that between -5 ° and + 5 ° only one low intensity fluctuation occurs, which is less than 50%.
- aperture 41 aperture aperture opening diameter A
- the depth of field are so large that the structure of the decoupling surface is recognizable in the object image. This leads to undesirable inhomogeneities.
- a diffuser can be provided as a structured optical component in the beam path between outcoupling surface 32 and aperture 41, preferably close to the
- the diffuser is formed in a special way, as will be explained below with reference to Figures 4 and 5.
- the diffusers can be permanent in the
- the threshold aperture size preferably corresponds to a numerical aperture of 0.35.
- FIG. 4 shows a first embodiment 400, in FIG. 5 a second embodiment 500 of such a diffuser.
- Both diffusers consist essentially of a clear disc with diameter Dl, which in one
- predetermined area 401 and 501 is formed scattering.
- the predetermined area is preferably frosted, for example by sandblasting.
- the diameter Dl is chosen so that the diffuser can be easily arranged in the beam path without leading to shadowing. He suitably corresponds to at least one maximum
- the embodiment according to FIG. 4 has a round
- Act longitudinal extent by a geometric center of gravity) to a predetermined aperture size (preferably corresponding to a numerical aperture 0.35) is adjusted.
- the embodiment 500 according to FIG. 5 is star-shaped
- Structures in particular to avoid a sudden decrease in light during closing of the aperture and a scattering at the transition from the scattering area to the clear area.
- FIG. 6 shows a further preferred embodiment of a light-directing unit 30 'in a longitudinal sectional view of FIG
- the light emitted by the LED array 20 as a light source is at a coupling surface 31 'in the
- Einkoppel relations 31 'and the decoupling surface 32' extends an outer circumferential surface 34 '.
- Einkoppel requirements 31 extends an inner circumferential surface 33', which defines a cylindrical cavity 37 which is bounded above by a lens 35 'designed as a collimator. Both optically effective surfaces of
- Collimators can contribute to the collimation of the light so that the exit surface does not necessarily have to be plane.
- the light source side focal point B of the lens 35 ' is in the plane of the light source 20.
- Mantle surface 34 ', the collimator 35' and the decoupling surface 32 'limited body is made of transparent plastic
- the outer lateral surface 34 has the shape of a paraboloid of revolution and is designed as a total reflection mirror, so that the light is directed in the direction of the decoupling surface 32'.
- An axis of symmetry 36 forms the optical axis of the light-directing unit 30 'and that of the collimator 35' and the main emission direction of the light source 20.
- a structured optical component 38 may be provided, in the present case a microlens array.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Microscoopes, Condenser (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US14/777,766 US20160299327A1 (en) | 2013-03-20 | 2014-03-20 | Microscope having a transmitted illumination device for critical illumination |
JP2016504585A JP6105805B2 (ja) | 2013-03-20 | 2014-03-20 | クリティカル照明用の透過光照明装置を備える顕微鏡 |
CN201480017290.9A CN105051574B (zh) | 2013-03-20 | 2014-03-20 | 带有用于临界照明的透射光照明机构的显微镜 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102013204945.5 | 2013-03-20 | ||
DE102013204945.5A DE102013204945B4 (de) | 2013-03-20 | 2013-03-20 | Mikroskop mit Durchlicht-Beleuchtungseinrichtung für kritische Beleuchtung |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2014147190A1 true WO2014147190A1 (de) | 2014-09-25 |
Family
ID=50342324
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2014/055629 WO2014147190A1 (de) | 2013-03-20 | 2014-03-20 | Mikroskop mit durchlicht-beleuchtungseinrichtung für kritische beleuchtung |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20160299327A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP6105805B2 (de) |
CN (1) | CN105051574B (de) |
DE (1) | DE102013204945B4 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2014147190A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2015156120A1 (ja) * | 2014-04-07 | 2015-10-15 | ナルックス株式会社 | 光学素子 |
CN105700124B (zh) * | 2016-04-13 | 2018-04-06 | 麦克奥迪实业集团有限公司 | 一种基于led阵列的显微镜照明系统 |
US10330902B1 (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2019-06-25 | Dbm Reflex Enterprises Inc. | Illumination optics and devices |
US11293799B2 (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2022-04-05 | Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated | Chromatic confocal sensor |
CN111856738A (zh) * | 2020-08-23 | 2020-10-30 | 浙江农林大学 | 一种led阵列照明显微镜 |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0569715U (ja) * | 1992-02-19 | 1993-09-21 | オリンパス光学工業株式会社 | 顕微鏡照明光学系 |
DE10062579A1 (de) * | 1999-12-15 | 2001-06-21 | Nikon Corp | Optischer Integrierer,optische Beleuchtungseinrichtung, Photolithographie-Belichtungseinrichtung,und Beobachtungseinrichtung |
JP2005345842A (ja) * | 2004-06-04 | 2005-12-15 | Nikon Corp | 顕微鏡照明装置 |
JP2008257015A (ja) * | 2007-04-06 | 2008-10-23 | Nikon Corp | 照明装置 |
JP2010156939A (ja) * | 2008-12-04 | 2010-07-15 | Nikon Corp | 照明装置と、これを有する顕微鏡装置 |
US20100232176A1 (en) * | 2006-08-10 | 2010-09-16 | Upstream Engineering Oy | Illuminator method and device |
DE102011082770A1 (de) * | 2011-09-15 | 2013-03-21 | Leica Microsystems (Schweiz) Ag | Mikroskop mit Durchlicht-Beleuchtungseinrichtung für kritische Beleuchtung |
Family Cites Families (9)
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---|---|---|---|---|
DE19845603C2 (de) * | 1998-10-05 | 2000-08-17 | Leica Microsystems | Beleuchtungseinrichtung für ein Mikroskop |
JP2001208977A (ja) * | 2000-01-26 | 2001-08-03 | Nikon Corp | 光学顕微鏡 |
US20040223199A1 (en) * | 2003-05-06 | 2004-11-11 | Olszak Artur G. | Holographic single axis illumination for multi-axis imaging system |
CN2643335Y (zh) * | 2003-08-11 | 2004-09-22 | 麦克奥迪实业集团有限公司 | 显微镜的照明装置 |
CN1287625C (zh) * | 2003-12-19 | 2006-11-29 | 英华达(上海)电子有限公司 | 快速浏览短消息的方法 |
DE202005020814U1 (de) * | 2005-04-21 | 2006-09-07 | Leica Microsystems Cms Gmbh | Beleuchtungseinrichtung für ein Mikroskop |
DE102005054184B4 (de) * | 2005-11-14 | 2020-10-29 | Carl Zeiss Microscopy Gmbh | Multispektrale Beleuchtungsvorrichtung und Messverfahren |
JP5279329B2 (ja) * | 2008-04-24 | 2013-09-04 | パナソニック株式会社 | レンズ付発光ユニット |
JP2011054333A (ja) * | 2009-08-31 | 2011-03-17 | Asahi Kasei Corp | 照明装置及び照明システム |
-
2013
- 2013-03-20 DE DE102013204945.5A patent/DE102013204945B4/de active Active
-
2014
- 2014-03-20 US US14/777,766 patent/US20160299327A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2014-03-20 WO PCT/EP2014/055629 patent/WO2014147190A1/de active Application Filing
- 2014-03-20 JP JP2016504585A patent/JP6105805B2/ja active Active
- 2014-03-20 CN CN201480017290.9A patent/CN105051574B/zh active Active
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0569715U (ja) * | 1992-02-19 | 1993-09-21 | オリンパス光学工業株式会社 | 顕微鏡照明光学系 |
DE10062579A1 (de) * | 1999-12-15 | 2001-06-21 | Nikon Corp | Optischer Integrierer,optische Beleuchtungseinrichtung, Photolithographie-Belichtungseinrichtung,und Beobachtungseinrichtung |
JP2005345842A (ja) * | 2004-06-04 | 2005-12-15 | Nikon Corp | 顕微鏡照明装置 |
US20100232176A1 (en) * | 2006-08-10 | 2010-09-16 | Upstream Engineering Oy | Illuminator method and device |
JP2008257015A (ja) * | 2007-04-06 | 2008-10-23 | Nikon Corp | 照明装置 |
JP2010156939A (ja) * | 2008-12-04 | 2010-07-15 | Nikon Corp | 照明装置と、これを有する顕微鏡装置 |
DE102011082770A1 (de) * | 2011-09-15 | 2013-03-21 | Leica Microsystems (Schweiz) Ag | Mikroskop mit Durchlicht-Beleuchtungseinrichtung für kritische Beleuchtung |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN105051574A (zh) | 2015-11-11 |
DE102013204945A1 (de) | 2014-09-25 |
JP2016514855A (ja) | 2016-05-23 |
JP6105805B2 (ja) | 2017-03-29 |
CN105051574B (zh) | 2017-04-12 |
DE102013204945B4 (de) | 2015-03-26 |
US20160299327A1 (en) | 2016-10-13 |
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