WO2014129499A1 - 水性金属加工油剤 - Google Patents
水性金属加工油剤 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014129499A1 WO2014129499A1 PCT/JP2014/053917 JP2014053917W WO2014129499A1 WO 2014129499 A1 WO2014129499 A1 WO 2014129499A1 JP 2014053917 W JP2014053917 W JP 2014053917W WO 2014129499 A1 WO2014129499 A1 WO 2014129499A1
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- metalworking fluid
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- aqueous metalworking
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- amine
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
- C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M133/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M133/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M133/08—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M173/00—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water
- C10M173/02—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water not containing mineral or fatty oils
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2215/042—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Alkoxylated derivatives thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2217/04—Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2217/041—Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds involving a condensation reaction
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/09—Heterocyclic compounds containing no sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring
- C10M2219/104—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring containing sulfur and carbon with nitrogen or oxygen in the ring
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2229/02—Unspecified siloxanes; Silicones
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/12—Inhibition of corrosion, e.g. anti-rust agents or anti-corrosives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/64—Environmental friendly compositions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/22—Metal working with essential removal of material, e.g. cutting, grinding or drilling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/24—Metal working without essential removal of material, e.g. forming, gorging, drawing, pressing, stamping, rolling or extruding; Punching metal
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an aqueous metalworking fluid used for metalworking such as cutting and grinding.
- Metalworking fluids used in metalworking include oil-based (oil-based) and water-based (water-based), but water-based types that are excellent in cooling and infiltration and do not pose a fire hazard are often used.
- the aqueous metalworking fluid is required to have rust prevention properties because it is diluted with water and used. It is generally known to use alkanolamines such as monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, and triethanolamine as such a rust preventive component (see Patent Document 1).
- the rust prevention property of a water-based metalworking fluid agent becomes better as the blending amount of rust prevention components increases.
- mixing amine-based rust preventive ingredients such as alkanolamines may cause amine-derived odors, which may adversely affect the human body and work environment. There is room for.
- an object of the present invention is to provide an aqueous metalworking fluid that is excellent in rust prevention, exhibits low odor, has a low environmental impact, and has little harmfulness to the human body.
- the present invention provides the following aqueous metalworking fluid.
- aqueous metalworking fluid As an amine component, (A) an alkanolamine represented by the following formula (1) and (B) an alkanolamine represented by the following formula (2) are blended, and the molecular weight for all amine components is An aqueous metalworking fluid characterized by having a molar ratio of amine component of 90 or less (amine component having a molecular weight of 90 or less / all amine components) of 0.67 or less.
- R 1 is hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
- N is 1 to 3.
- Each R 1 may be the same or different.
- R 2 is an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- Z 1 and Z 2 are each independently an alkylene group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms.
- [2] The aqueous metalworking fluid described above, wherein the alkanolamine of the component (A) is n 2 or 3 in the formula (1).
- the above-mentioned aqueous metalworking fluid characterized in that the alkanolamine of the component (B) is Z 1 or Z 2 in the formula (2) or both are alkylene groups having 2 carbon atoms.
- aqueous metalworking fluid wherein the alkanolamine as the component (B) contains N-methyldiethanolamine and cyclohexyldiethanolamine.
- the above-mentioned aqueous metalworking fluid which contains an aliphatic carboxylic acid.
- An aqueous metalworking fluid obtained by diluting the above-mentioned aqueous metalworking fluid with water at a mass ratio of 200 times or less.
- an alkanolamine having a specific structure is blended as an amine component, and the molar ratio of the amine component having a molecular weight of 90 or less is set to a specific ratio or less. It is possible to provide an aqueous metalworking fluid that is excellent in properties, exhibits low odor, has a low environmental impact, and is less harmful to the human body.
- the aqueous metalworking fluid of the present invention contains, as amine components, (A) an alkanolamine represented by the following formula (1) and (B) an alkanolamine represented by the following formula (2), and all amine components
- the molar ratio of the amine component with a molecular weight of 90 or less is 0.67 or less.
- the component (A) is particularly used as a component that exhibits rust prevention properties.
- R 1 is hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
- n is 1 to 3.
- Each R 1 may be the same or different.
- n is 4 or more, the water solubility of the component (A) is lowered, which is not preferable.
- n is more preferably 2 or 3, and n is most preferably 2.
- any one of R 1 has 4 or more carbon atoms, it is not preferable in terms of water solubility and rust prevention against iron.
- the component (A) alkanolamine preferably contains an amine compound having a molecular weight of 90 or less from the viewpoint of improving rust prevention.
- Specific examples of the component (A) include 1-amino-2-propanol, 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, 1-amino-2-butanol, 2-amino-1-propanol, 3- And amino-2-butanol.
- 1-amino-2-propanol and 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol are preferable from the viewpoint of rust prevention against iron.
- the component (A) may be used singly or in combination of two or more.
- the component (B) contributes to improvement of rust prevention and reduction of odor.
- the component (B) is represented by the above formula (2), wherein R 2 is an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms. When R 2 has an acyclic structure, it preferably has 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and more preferably 1 carbon atom. When the carbon number of R 2 is 11 or more, the water solubility and rust prevention properties of the component (B) are lowered, which is not preferable.
- Z 1 and Z 2 are each independently an alkylene group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms. Z 1 or Z 2 or both are preferably an alkylene group having 2 carbon atoms.
- the component (B) includes N-methyldiethanolamine, N-ethyldiethanolamine, cyclohexyldiethanolamine, Nn-propyldiethanolamine, Ni-propyldiethanolamine, Nn-butyldiethanolamine, Ni-butyldiethanolamine. And Nt-butyldiethanolamine. Among these, it is particularly preferable to use N-methyldiethanolamine and cyclohexyldiethanolamine in combination. In the present invention, the component (B) may be used singly or in combination of two or more.
- the rust preventive component used in the aqueous metalworking fluid when the same blending amount of the amine component is used, the smaller the molecular weight, the better the rust preventive property. This means that an amine component having a low molecular weight can obtain the same degree of rust prevention as an amine component having a high molecular weight with a smaller blending amount.
- an amine component having a small molecular weight, particularly an amine component having a molecular weight of 90 or less has high volatility, and the odor becomes stronger as the blending amount in the oil increases. Therefore, conventionally, it has been difficult to achieve both low odor properties and rust prevention properties only by the blending amount of the rust prevention components.
- the molar ratio of the amine component having a molecular weight of 90 or less to all the amine components is 0.67 or less, and the preferred molar ratio is It is 0.6 or less and 0.4 or more, and a more preferable molar ratio is 0.55 or less and 0.5 or more.
- the molar ratio exceeds 0.67, the odor of the aqueous metalworking fluid is strong, which is not preferable because it adversely affects the human body and working environment.
- the water-soluble metalworking fluid of the present invention is preferably prepared as a high-concentration stock solution from the viewpoint of handling properties, and the user appropriately dilutes with water and uses it as a metalworking oil.
- water is most preferable, but mineral oil or synthetic oil may be used.
- the mineral oil or synthetic oil used as a solvent for preparing the stock solution is not particularly limited as long as it is generally used as a base oil for metalworking oil, but the kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. is 1 to 50 mm 2. / S is preferable, and those in the range of 2 to 30 mm 2 / s are more preferable.
- the pour point which is an index of low temperature fluidity of the base oil, is not particularly limited, but is preferably ⁇ 10 ° C. or lower. There are various kinds of such mineral oils and synthetic oils, and may be appropriately selected according to the use.
- mineral oil for example, a distillate obtained by subjecting paraffin-based crude oil, intermediate-based crude oil or naphthenic-based crude oil to atmospheric distillation, or distilling the residual oil of atmospheric distillation under reduced pressure, or the same Therefore, refined oils obtained by refining, for example, solvent refined oil, hydrogenated refined oil, dewaxed oil, and clay-treated oil can be exemplified.
- synthetic oil for example, poly ⁇ -olefin, ⁇ -olefin copolymer, polybutene, alkylbenzene, polyol ester, dibasic acid ester, polyoxyalkylene glycol, polyoxyalkylene glycol ester, polyoxyalkylene glycol ether, silicone oil And so on.
- synthetic oils poly ⁇ -olefins and ⁇ -olefin copolymers are preferred. These base oils can be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds, and mineral oil and synthetic oil may be used in combination.
- a preferred ratio of the component (A) in the stock solution is 1 to 20% by mass based on the total amount of the stock solution, a more preferred ratio is 5 to 14% by mass, and a further preferred ratio is 9 to 13% by mass.
- a preferred ratio of the component (B) in the stock solution is 5 to 30% by mass, more preferably 10 to 30% by mass, and still more preferably 22 to 29% by mass based on the total amount of the stock solution. If the ratio of the component (B) is less than 5% by mass, the odor is increased, which is not preferable.
- the ratio of (B) component exceeds 30 mass%, the antirust property with respect to iron will not improve any more, it will become high cost and it is unpreferable also from an economical viewpoint.
- the aqueous metalworking fluid according to the present invention it is preferable to dilute the above-mentioned stock solution with water having a mass ratio of 200 times or less.
- a more preferable dilution ratio is 10 to 100 times, and further preferably 20 to 50 times.
- the dilution ratio exceeds 200 times, the rust prevention property becomes insufficient, which is not preferable.
- various known additives can be appropriately blended with the aqueous metalworking fluid of the present invention as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired.
- bactericides aliphatic carboxylic acids, metal deactivators (corrosion resistance), extreme pressure agents, oil agents, surfactants, antifoaming agents, and the like.
- bactericides examples include 2-pyridylthio-1-oxide salts. Specific examples include sodium 2-pyridylthio-1-oxide, bis (2-pyridyldithio-1-oxide) zinc, and bis (2-sulfidepyridine-1-olato) copper. Among these, 2-pyridylthio-1-oxide sodium is particularly preferable because it is effective at a low concentration over a wide range of general bacteria and molds. The blending amount of these bactericides is blended in the stock solution so as to be about 0.01 to 5% by mass based on the final diluent oil from the viewpoint of blending effect.
- Aliphatic carboxylic acid is added in order to further improve the machinability and grindability of the oil and to further improve the rust prevention.
- carboxylic acids having 6 to 60 carbon atoms and / or dicarboxylic acids include carboxylic acids having 6 to 60 carbon atoms and / or dicarboxylic acids.
- Particularly preferred monocarboxylic acids include caproic acid, nonanoic acid, decanoic acid, isononanoic acid, and neodecanoic acid having 8 to 10 carbon atoms from the viewpoint of defoaming properties of the oil and the stability of hard water.
- Nonanedioic acid, undecanedioic acid, sebacic acid (decanedioic acid), dodecanedioic acid and the like can be mentioned.
- the blending amount of these carboxylic acids is blended in the stock solution so as to be about 0.1 to 1.5% by mass based on the final diluent oil.
- the aliphatic carboxylic acid forms an amine component and an aliphatic carboxylic acid amine salt, and has an effect of improving processability, or acting as an emulsifier to improve emulsion stability and further improve rust prevention.
- a preferable ratio of the total of the aliphatic carboxylic acid component and the amine component in the stock solution is 40 to 60% by mass or less based on the total amount of the stock solution, a more preferable rate is 47 to 55% by mass, and a further preferable rate is 50%. Is 53 mass%.
- the metal deactivator examples include benzotriazole, benzotriazole derivatives, imidazoline, pyrimidine derivatives, thiadiazole, and thiadiazole. One of these may be used alone, or two or more may be used in combination.
- the blending amount of the metal deactivator is blended in the stock solution so as to be about 0.01 to 3% by mass based on the final diluent oil from the viewpoint of blending effect.
- extreme pressure agents include sulfur-based extreme pressure agents, phosphorus-based extreme pressure agents, extreme pressure agents containing sulfur and metal, and extreme pressure agents containing phosphorus and metal. These extreme pressure agents can be used singly or in combination of two or more. Any extreme pressure agent may be used as long as it contains a sulfur atom and / or a phosphorus atom in the molecule and can exhibit load resistance and wear resistance.
- extreme pressure agents containing sulfur in the molecule include sulfurized fats and oils, sulfurized fatty acids, sulfurized esters, sulfurized olefins, dihydrocarbyl polysulfides, thiadiazole compounds, alkylthiocarbamoyl compounds, triazine compounds, thioterpene compounds, dialkylthiodipropionate compounds, etc. Can be mentioned.
- the amount of these extreme pressure agents is blended in the stock solution so as to be about 0.05 to 0.5% by mass based on the final diluent oil from the viewpoint of blending effects.
- oily agent examples include aliphatic alcohols, fatty acid compounds such as fatty acids and fatty acid metal salts, ester compounds such as polyol esters, sorbitan esters, and glycerides, and amine compounds such as aliphatic amines. From the viewpoint of the blending effect, the blending amount of these oil-based agents is blended in the stock solution so as to be about 0.2 to 2% by mass based on the final diluted oil.
- antifoaming agents examples include methyl silicone oil, fluorosilicone oil, and polyacrylate. From the viewpoint of the blending effect, the blending amount of these antifoaming agents is blended in the stock solution so as to be about 0.004 to 0.02% by mass based on the final diluent oil.
- nonionic surfactants examples include, for example, nonionic surfactants, anionic surfactants, or mixtures of these surfactants.
- nonionic surfactant examples include polyoxyalkylene glycol or a mono-, diether compound thereof, a polyoxyalkylene surfactant such as glycerin or an alkylene oxide adduct thereof, or an ether compound, an ester of a carboxylic acid and an alcohol, Examples include alkylene oxide adducts of alkylamines.
- the aqueous metalworking fluid of the present invention is appropriately diluted in water so as to have an appropriate concentration according to the purpose of use, and includes various processes such as polishing, drawing, drawing, rolling, etc., including cutting and grinding. It can be suitably used in the metal processing field. And since the aqueous
- Example 1 An aqueous metalworking fluid (stock solution) was prepared according to the formulation shown in Table 1, diluted with water to a predetermined concentration, and then evaluated for the following characteristics. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
- aqueous solution was prepared by diluting with ion-exchanged water so that the concentration of the stock solution was 10.0% by mass. 100 mL of this aqueous solution was placed in a 300 mL Erlenmeyer flask, sealed, and heated at 100 ° C. for 3 minutes. About the aqueous solution after a heating, the odor measurement (strength) was performed using the odor sensor (the Calmore company make, e-nose mobile).
- a numerical value is an odor index
- the aqueous metalworking fluid of the present invention can be used in metalworking fields such as cutting and grinding.
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Abstract
Description
〔1〕アミン成分として、(A)下記式(1)で示されるアルカノールアミンと、(B)下記式(2)で示されるアルカノールアミンとを配合してなり、全てのアミン成分に対する、分子量が90以下のアミン成分のモル比(分子量90以下のアミン成分/全てのアミン成分)が0.67以下であることを特徴とする水性金属加工油剤。
〔2〕上述の水性金属加工油剤であって、前記(A)成分のアルカノールアミンが、式(1)のうちn=2もしくは3であることを特徴とする水性金属加工油剤。
〔3〕上述の水性金属加工油剤であって、前記(A)成分のアルカノールアミンが1-アミノ-2-プロパノールを含むことを特徴とする水性金属加工油剤。
〔4〕上述の水性金属加工油剤であって、前記(B)成分のアルカノールアミンが、式(2)のうちZ1もしくはZ2またはその両方が炭素数2のアルキレン基であることを特徴とする水性金属加工油剤。
〔5〕上述の水性金属加工油剤であって、前記(B)成分のアルカノールアミンがN-メチルジエタノールアミンとシクロヘキシルジエタノールアミンとを含むことを特徴とする水性金属加工油剤。
〔6〕上述の水性金属加工油剤であって、脂肪族カルボン酸を配合することを特徴とする水性金属加工油剤。
〔7〕上述の水性金属加工油剤を質量比で200倍以下の倍率で水により希釈したことを特徴とする水性金属加工油剤。
本発明の水性金属加工油剤は、アミン成分として、(A)下記式(1)で示されるアルカノールアミンと、(B)下記式(2)で示されるアルカノールアミンとを含有し、全てのアミン成分に対する、分子量が90以下のアミン成分のモル比(分子量90以下のアミン成分/全てのアミン成分)が0.67以下であることを特徴とする。
(A)成分のアルカノールアミンには、防錆性向上の観点から、分子量が90以下のアミン化合物が含まれることが好ましい。
(A)成分の具体例としては、例えば、1-アミノ-2-プロパノール、2-アミノ-2-メチル-1-プロパノール、1-アミノ-2-ブタノール、2-アミノ-1-プロパノール、3-アミノ-2-ブタノールなどが挙げられる。これらの中でも、鉄に対する防錆性の点で1-アミノ-2-プロパノールや2-アミノ-2-メチル-1-プロパノールが好ましい。
本発明においては、上記(A)成分は一種用いてもよく、二種以上を用いてもよい。
(B)成分は、上記式(2)で示されるが、式中、R2は、炭素数1~10のアルキル基である。R2が非環状構造である場合は、炭素数が1~4であることが好ましく、炭素数が1であるとさらに好ましい。R2の炭素数が11以上であると、(B)成分の水溶性や防錆性が低下してしまい好ましくない。またZ1、Z2は、それぞれ独立に炭素数2~8のアルキレン基である。Z1もしくはZ2またはその両方が炭素数2のアルキレン基であることが好ましい。Z1、Z2の少なくともいずれかの炭素数が1であると、ホルムアルデヒドとして分解されるため、環境上好ましくない。また、Z1、Z2の少なくともいずれかの炭素数が9以上であると、(B)成分の水溶性が低下してしまい好ましくない。
(B)成分の具体例としては、N-メチルジエタノールアミン、N-エチルジエタノールアミン、シクロヘキシルジエタノールアミン、N-n-プロピルジエタノールアミン、N-i-プロピルジエタノールアミン、N-n-ブチルジエタノールアミン、N-i-ブチルジエタノールアミン、およびN-t-ブチルジエタノールアミンなどが挙げられる。これらの中でも、N-メチルジエタノールアミンとシクロヘキシルジエタノールアミンを併用することが特に好ましい。
本発明においては、上記(B)成分は一種用いてもよく、二種以上を用いてもよい。
本発明の水性金属加工油剤では、全てのアミン成分に対する、分子量が90以下のアミン成分のモル比(分子量90以下のアミン成分/全てのアミン成分)が0.67以下であり、好ましいモル比は0.6以下0.4以上であり、より好ましいモル比は0.55以下0.5以上である。上記モル比が0.67を超えると、水性金属加工油剤の臭気が強く、人体や作業環境に悪影響を及ぼすため好ましくない。
原液を構成する溶媒としては、水が最も好ましいが、鉱油や合成油であってもよい。
このような鉱油、合成油は各種のものがあり、用途などに応じて適宜選定すればよい。
一方、合成油としては、例えば、ポリα-オレフィン、α-オレフィンコポリマー、ポリブテン、アルキルベンゼン、ポリオールエステル、二塩基酸エステル、ポリオキシアルキレングリコール、ポリオキシアルキレングリコールエステル、ポリオキシアルキレングリコールエーテル、シリコーンオイルなどを挙げることができる。合成油の中では、ポリα-オレフィン、α-オレフィンコポリマーが好適である。これらの基油は、それぞれ単独で、あるいは二種以上を組み合わせて使用することができ、鉱油と合成油を組み合わせて使用してもよい。
原液における(B)成分の好ましい割合は、原液全量基準で5~30質量%であり、より好ましい割合は10~30質量%であり、さらに好ましい割合は22~29質量%である。(B)成分の割合が5質量%未満では臭気性が高くなるため好ましくない。また(B)成分の割合が30質量%を越えても鉄に対する防錆性がそれ以上向上せず、高コストとなり経済性の観点でも好ましくない。
上記脂肪族カルボン酸はアミン成分と脂肪族カルボン酸アミン塩を形成し、加工性を高め、または乳化剤として作用して乳化安定性を高め、更に防錆性を高める効果がある。
前記ノニオン系界面活性剤としては、例えば、ポリオキシアルキレングリコール又はそのモノ、ジエーテル化合物、グリセリン若しくはそのアルキレンオキサイド付加物又はエーテル化合物などのポリオキシアルキレン系界面活性剤、カルボン酸とアルコールとのエステル、アルキルアミンのアルキレンオキサイド付加物などが挙げられる。
前記アニオン系界面活性剤としては、カルボン酸(例えば、炭素数7~22の飽和又は不飽和脂肪酸、ヒドロキシ脂肪酸など)又はスルホン酸とアミン又は金属との塩、リシノール酸などのヒドロキシ脂肪酸の重縮合物と脂肪酸とのエステル又はそのアミン又は金属との塩、ジアルキルスルホコハク酸ナトリウムなどの硫酸エステル塩類などのリン酸エステル塩類、スチレンなどのオレフィンと無水マレイン酸共重合物などを部分ケン化した重合系高分子界面活性剤、ナフタレンスルホン酸-ホルマリン縮合型高分子界面活性剤などが挙げられる。
〔実施例1~4、比較例1~3〕
表1に示す配合処方により水性金属加工油剤(原液)を調製し、所定の濃度になるよう水で希釈した後、以下の各特性について評価を行った。評価結果を表1に示す。
(1)防錆性(DIN51360-02-A準拠)
原液の濃度が1.0、1.1、1.2、1.3、1.4、1.5および2.0質量%となるように水道水で希釈した希釈液を用いて防錆試験(室温、2時間)を実施し、錆程度0となる最低濃度を防錆限界濃度(質量%)とした。
原液の濃度が10.0質量%となるようにイオン交換水で希釈して水溶液を調製した。この水溶液100mLを300mL三角フラスコに入れて密閉し、100℃で3分間加熱した。加熱後の水溶液について、臭気センサー(カルモア社製、e-nose mobile)を用いて、臭気測定(強度)を行った。なお、数値は臭気指数(相対値)であり、強度は臭気の強さを表し、強度については数値が大きい方が臭いが強いことを示す。
Claims (7)
- 請求項1に記載の水性金属加工油剤であって、
前記(A)成分のアルカノールアミンが、式(1)のうちn=2もしくは3である
ことを特徴とする水性金属加工油剤。 - 請求項1または請求項2に記載の水性金属加工油剤であって、
前記(A)成分のアルカノールアミンが1-アミノ-2-プロパノールを含む
ことを特徴とする水性金属加工油剤。 - 請求項1に記載の水性金属加工油剤であって、
前記(B)成分のアルカノールアミンが、式(2)のうちZ1もしくはZ2またはその両方が炭素数2のアルキレン基である
ことを特徴とする水性金属加工油剤。 - 請求項1から請求項4までのいずれか1項に記載の水性金属加工油剤であって、
前記(B)成分のアルカノールアミンがN-メチルジエタノールアミンとシクロヘキシルジエタノールアミンとを含む
ことを特徴とする水性金属加工油剤。 - 請求項1から請求項5までのいずれか1項に記載の水性金属加工油剤であって、脂肪族カルボン酸を配合することを特徴とする水性金属加工油剤。
- 請求項1から請求項6までのいずれか1項に記載の水性金属加工油剤を質量比で200倍以下の倍率で水により希釈したことを特徴とする水性金属加工油剤。
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JP2005126730A (ja) * | 2005-01-06 | 2005-05-19 | Osamu Yamamoto | 高性能水溶性金属加工油剤を用いた金属製品の製造方法 |
JP2010070736A (ja) * | 2008-08-22 | 2010-04-02 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | 水溶性金属加工油剤および金属加工用クーラント |
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JP2005126730A (ja) * | 2005-01-06 | 2005-05-19 | Osamu Yamamoto | 高性能水溶性金属加工油剤を用いた金属製品の製造方法 |
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JP7007833B2 (ja) | 2017-08-09 | 2022-01-25 | 大日本除蟲菊株式会社 | 防錆・清掃シート |
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