WO2014126029A1 - 充電率推定装置および充電率推定方法 - Google Patents
充電率推定装置および充電率推定方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014126029A1 WO2014126029A1 PCT/JP2014/053010 JP2014053010W WO2014126029A1 WO 2014126029 A1 WO2014126029 A1 WO 2014126029A1 JP 2014053010 W JP2014053010 W JP 2014053010W WO 2014126029 A1 WO2014126029 A1 WO 2014126029A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/3644—Constructional arrangements
- G01R31/3648—Constructional arrangements comprising digital calculation means, e.g. for performing an algorithm
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
- G01R31/3842—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC combining voltage and current measurements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
- H02J7/0048—Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a charging rate estimation device and a charging rate estimation method for estimating a charging rate.
- an open circuit voltage (Open Circuit Voltage: OCV) is estimated using the measured closed circuit voltage (Closed Circuit Voltage: CCV), and this open circuit voltage is calculated.
- a method for estimating the charging rate by using it is known.
- the remaining capacity calculation device As a technique for estimating the charging rate, there is known a secondary battery remaining capacity calculation device that can accurately detect the remaining capacity of a secondary battery having a large charge / discharge voltage flat region with a simple and small configuration. Yes. According to the remaining capacity calculation device, the remaining capacity is determined by the first remaining capacity obtained based on the charge / discharge voltage or the second remaining capacity obtained based on the integrated value of the charge / discharge current according to the voltage change rate of the charge / discharge voltage. The charging / discharging voltage corresponding to is weighted. That is, even when the characteristic curve of the charge / discharge voltage is flat, the charge / discharge voltage is weighted at least by the second remaining capacity obtained based on the integrated value of the charge / discharge current. The characteristic curve has an inclination, whereby the remaining capacity of the secondary battery can be obtained with high accuracy.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a charging rate estimation device and a charging rate estimation method that accurately estimate the charging rate even when the charging rate of the battery is influenced by polarization. With the goal.
- the charging rate estimation apparatus which is one of the embodiments includes a voltage measurement unit, a current measurement unit, a charging time estimation unit, a transition time estimation unit, and a discharge time estimation unit.
- the voltage measurement unit measures the battery voltage.
- the current measuring unit measures the current charged / discharged from the battery.
- the charging time estimation unit refers to the charging mode information in which the closed circuit voltage of the battery and the first charging rate are associated with each other using the measured closed circuit voltage. The first charging rate is obtained, and the first charging rate is estimated as the charging rate at the time of charging.
- the transition estimation unit starts current integration using the measured current when the transition from the charging mode to the discharging mode is started. Thereafter, the transition estimation unit obtains the second charging rate using the first charging rate and the current integrated value at the start of the transition, and the target charging determined by the current integrated value obtained in the determined period after the transition starts. The second charging rate is estimated as the charging rate at the time of transition until the rate is reached.
- the discharge time estimation unit uses the measured closed circuit voltage to generate a closed circuit generated using a battery discharge pattern obtained by operating the vehicle with a predetermined operation pattern.
- the third charging rate is obtained, and the third charging rate is estimated as the charging rate during discharging.
- the charging rate estimation apparatus which is one of the other embodiments includes a voltage measurement unit, a current measurement unit, a discharge estimation unit, a transition estimation unit, and a charge estimation unit.
- the voltage measurement unit measures the battery voltage.
- the current measuring unit measures the current charged / discharged from the battery.
- the discharge time estimation unit uses the measured closed circuit voltage, and the closed circuit voltage generated by using the battery discharge pattern obtained by operating the vehicle with the determined operation pattern and the third circuit voltage.
- the third charging rate is obtained by referring to the discharge mode information associated with the charging rate, and the third charging rate is estimated as the charging rate at the time of discharging.
- the transition estimation unit starts current integration using the measured current when the transition from the discharge mode to the charge mode is started. Thereafter, the transition estimation unit obtains the sixth charging rate using the third charging rate and the current integrated value at the start of the transition, and the target charging determined by the current integrated value obtained in the determined period after the transition starts. Until the rate reaches, the sixth charging rate is estimated as the charging rate at the time of transition.
- the charging time estimation unit uses the measured closed circuit voltage to associate the closed circuit voltage of the battery when the charger is charged with the first charging rate.
- the first charging rate is obtained by referring to the charging mode information, and the first charging rate is estimated as the charging rate at the time of charging.
- the charging rate can be accurately estimated even when the charging rate of the battery is influenced by polarization.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of a charge / discharge device.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing an example of SOC-CCV characteristics during charging / discharging.
- FIG. 3A is a diagram illustrating an example of the data structure of the charging mode information.
- FIG. 3B is a diagram illustrating an example of the data structure of the discharge mode information.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of the data structure of the discharge mode transition information or the charge mode transition information.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of an operation during a period of transition from the charging mode to the discharging mode.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of an operation during a period of transition from the discharge mode to the charge mode.
- Embodiment 1 will be described.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a charging / discharging device.
- the charging / discharging device 1 of FIG. 1 has a charging rate estimation device, and includes a battery 2, a current measuring unit 3, a voltage measuring unit 4, a control unit 5, a storage unit 6, a charger 7, switches SW1, SW2, and the like.
- a load 8 in FIG. 1 is a device that operates by receiving power from the charging / discharging device 1.
- an operating device for example, a motor mounted on a vehicle can be considered.
- the charging rate estimation device includes a current measurement unit 3, a voltage measurement unit 4, a control unit 5, a storage unit 6, switches SW1, SW2, and the like.
- Battery 2 can be a polarized battery.
- a secondary battery in which the polarization of the battery 2 is large, takes a long time for depolarization, and has a large charge / discharge hysteresis will be described.
- a lithium ion secondary battery using a SiO negative electrode as the negative electrode can be considered.
- SiO silicon oxide
- even in a conventional secondary battery that uses a carbon negative electrode as the negative electrode there is polarization when the temperature is low, and therefore the application of the present invention can be considered when the temperature is low even in a conventional secondary battery.
- the description is made using one battery, but the present invention is not limited to one battery, and a plurality of batteries may be used.
- the current measuring unit 3 measures the current charged / discharged from the battery 2. For example, an ammeter can be considered.
- the data measured by the current measuring unit 3 is output to the control unit 5.
- the voltage measuring unit 4 measures the voltage of the battery 2. For example, a voltmeter can be considered.
- the data measured by the voltage measuring unit 4 is output to the control unit 5.
- control unit 5 uses a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a multi-core CPU, a programmable device (FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), PLD (Programmable Logic Device, etc.)).
- CPU Central Processing Unit
- FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
- PLD Programmable Logic Device
- the storage unit 6 may be a memory such as a Read Only Memory (ROM) or a Random Access Memory (RAM), a hard disk, or the like.
- the storage unit 6 may store data such as parameter values and variable values, or may be used as a work area at the time of execution. Moreover, when the control part 5 has a memory
- the charger 7 is a device for receiving power from the power supply device and charging the battery 2.
- the switches SW1 and SW2 are switches for switching between charging and discharging according to an instruction from the control unit 5, and it is conceivable to use a relay or the like. In this example, charging and discharging are switched using two switches SW1 and SW2, but the present invention is not limited to the circuit shown in FIG.
- the control unit will be described.
- the control unit 5 includes a charging time estimation unit 9, a transition time estimation unit 10, and a discharge time estimation unit 11, and estimates the charging rate using closed circuit voltages measured at the time of charging and at the time of discharging.
- the transition time estimation unit 10 includes one or both of a first processing unit and a second processing unit described later.
- the charging time estimation unit 9 uses the measured closed circuit voltage to calculate charging mode information, which will be described later, associated with the closed circuit voltage of the battery 2 when the charger 7 performs constant current charging and the first charging rate.
- the first charging rate is obtained by reference, and the first charging rate is used as the charging rate during charging.
- the first processing unit of the transition time estimation unit 10 starts current integration using the measured current. Thereafter, the transition estimation unit 10 obtains the second charge rate using the first charge rate and the current integrated value at the start of the transition. Further, the transition time estimation unit 10 obtains the current integrated value during the determined period, and uses the second charge rate as the charge rate at the time of transition until the target charge rate associated with the obtained current integrated value is reached.
- the discharge time estimation unit 11 is generated using the discharge pattern of the battery 2 obtained by operating the vehicle with the determined operation pattern using the measured closed circuit voltage.
- the third charging rate is obtained by referring to later-described discharge mode information in which the closed circuit voltage and the third charging rate are associated with each other, and the third charging rate is used as the charging rate during discharging.
- the discharge time estimation unit 11 refers to discharge mode information described later using the measured closed circuit voltage, obtains a third charge rate, and uses the third charge rate as the charge rate during discharge.
- the second processing unit of the transition estimation unit 10 starts current integration using the measured current. Thereafter, the transition estimation unit 10 obtains a sixth charging rate using the third charging rate and the current integrated value at the start of the transition. Moreover, the transition time estimation unit 10 obtains a current integrated value in a determined period, and uses the sixth charge rate as the charge rate at the time of transition until the target charge rate associated with the obtained current integrated value is reached.
- the charging time estimation unit 9 refers to charging mode information described later using the measured closed circuit voltage, obtains a first charging rate, and charges the first charging rate. Used as the charging rate of the hour.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing an example of SOC-CCV characteristics during charging and discharging.
- 3A and 3B are diagrams illustrating an example of the data structure of the charging mode information and the discharging mode information.
- a curve 302 of the graph 301 showing the SOC-CCV characteristics in FIG. 2 shows the relationship between the closed circuit voltage of the battery 2 and the charging rate when the charger 7 performs constant current charging.
- the relationship between the closed circuit voltage and the charging rate in the charging mode is obtained by, for example, experiments or simulations.
- the charging mode information 401 in FIG. 3A includes information stored in a closed circuit voltage “CCV during charging” and a charging rate “first charging rate SOC [%]” corresponding to the closed circuit voltage during charging.
- Charging CCV includes information “cm00” “cm01” “cm02” “cm03” “cm04” “cm05” “cm06”... “Cm17” “cm18” “cm19” in this example.
- “Cm20” is stored.
- First charging rate SOC [%] includes information “0” “5” “10” “15” “20” “25” “30”... “85” “ 90, “95” and “100” are stored in association with the closed circuit voltage.
- the curve 302 of the graph 301 and the charging mode 401 of FIG. 3A are not limited to the closed circuit voltage and the charging rate of the battery 2 when the charger 7 performs constant current charging.
- the relationship when the charger 7 charges with constant power may be used.
- a curve 303 of the graph 301 indicates a relationship between a closed circuit voltage generated using a discharge pattern of the battery 2 obtained by operating a vehicle or the like with a determined operation pattern and a charged state.
- a fuel consumption measurement method JC-08 mode, LA # 4 mode, or the like that is measured from a running pattern can be considered.
- a forklift it may be possible to use a predetermined traveling pattern or work pattern.
- the discharge pattern is a pattern of a closed circuit voltage at the time of discharge typified by the battery 2 mounted on the vehicle when the vehicle is operated with a running pattern or a work pattern.
- the relationship between the closed circuit voltage and the charging rate in the discharge mode is obtained through experiments and simulations using the closed circuit voltage during discharge.
- the discharge mode information 402 in FIG. 3B includes information stored in the closed circuit voltage “Discharge CCV” during discharge and the charge rate “Charge rate SOC [%]” corresponding to the closed circuit voltage.
- “Discharge CCV” includes information “dm00” “dm01” “dm02” “dm03” “dm04” “dm05” “dm06”... “Dm17” “dm18” “dm19” in this example.
- “Dm20” is stored.
- “third charging rate SOC [%] in this example, information “0” “5” “10” “15” “20” “25” “30”... “85” “ 90, “95” and “100” are stored in association with the closed circuit voltage.
- a curve 304 shown in FIG. 2 indicates the charging rate (first charging rate) estimated by the transition estimation unit 10 using the first charging rate SOC1 and the current integrated value at the start of transition when shifting from the charging mode to the discharging mode. 2 charging rate).
- the transition time estimation unit 10 continues until the target charging rate SOC2 (SOC1 (first charging rate) ⁇ SOC1 (fourth charging rate)) associated with the current integrated value obtained in the determined period is reached.
- the charging rate of 2 be the charging rate of the transition period.
- the target charging rate SOC2 is obtained by subtracting ⁇ SOC1 from SOC1.
- the determined period is a period that is set within a transition period from transition start to transition end (period from transition start to transition to estimation of charge rate using discharge mode information) and shorter than the transition period. is there. For example, a period of 10 seconds from the start of transition can be considered. However, the determined period is not limited to 10 seconds.
- the current integrated value obtained in the determined period is, for example, a current integrated value discharged in a period of 10 seconds from the start of the transition.
- ⁇ SOC1 is a charging rate (fourth charging rate) for determining the target charging rate SOC2.
- ⁇ SOC1 is obtained by referring to the discharge mode transition information associated with the information indicating the current load during discharge stored in the storage unit 6 and the information indicating ⁇ SOC.
- the discharge rate may be considered as the current load during discharge. It is conceivable that the discharge rate is obtained using a predetermined period, a current integrated value obtained during the predetermined period, and the full capacity of the battery 2.
- the discharge rate in the determined period is 0.5C ⁇ 10/20.
- a curve 305 shown in FIG. 2 indicates the charging rate (first charging rate) estimated by the transition estimation unit 10 using the first charging rate SOC3 and the current integrated value at the start of the transition when shifting from the discharging mode to the charging mode. 6 charging rate).
- the transition time estimation unit 10 continues to the sixth until the target charging rate SOC4 (SOC3 (third charging rate) + ⁇ SOC2 (fifth charging rate)) associated with the current integrated value obtained in the determined period is reached. Is the charging rate of the transition period.
- the target charge rate SOC4 is obtained by adding ⁇ SOC2 to SOC3.
- the determined period is a period that is set within the transition period from the start of transition to the end of transition (the period from transition start to transition to estimation of the charging rate using the charging mode information) and shorter than the transition period. is there. For example, a period of 10 seconds from the start of transition can be considered. However, the determined period is not limited to 10 seconds.
- the current integrated value obtained in the determined period is, for example, the current integrated value for a period of 10 seconds from the start of the transition.
- ⁇ SOC2 is a charging rate (fifth charging rate) for determining the target charging rate SOC4.
- ⁇ SOC2 is obtained by referring to the discharge mode transition information associated with the information indicating the current load at the time of charging stored in the storage unit 6 and the information indicating ⁇ SOC.
- the current load at the time of charging may be a charging rate, for example. It is conceivable that the charging rate is obtained by using a predetermined period, a current integrated value obtained in the predetermined period, and the full capacity of the battery 2.
- the charging rate in the determined period is 0.5C ⁇ 10/20.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the data structure of the discharge mode transition information or the charge mode transition information.
- Information 501 indicating the discharge mode transition information or the charge mode transition information in FIG. 4 stores information stored in “current load” and “ ⁇ SOC [%]”. In this example, “0.1 C”, “0.2 C”, “0.5 C”, “0.7 C”, “1.0 C”, and “2.0 C” are stored in the “current load”. In “ ⁇ SOC [%]”, ⁇ SOC “15” “13” “10” “9” “8” “5” is stored in association with the information stored in “current load” in this example. .
- the discharge mode transition information is referred to, and if the discharge rate for a predetermined period is 0.5 C, ⁇ SOC1 is 10%.
- the method for obtaining ⁇ SOC2 is the same.
- discharge mode transition information and charge mode transition information are the same, the information memorize
- control unit first processing operation
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of an operation during a period of transition from the charging mode to the discharging mode.
- the control unit 5 detects that the charging mode has been switched to the discharging mode.
- step S602 the control unit 5 starts the current integration process using the current value acquired from the current measurement unit 3, and obtains the current integration value.
- step S603 the control unit 5 obtains the second charging rate using the first charging rate and the current integrated value at the time of switching.
- step S604 the control unit 5 obtains a target charging rate associated with the current integrated value obtained in the determined period.
- the determined period is set within the transition period from the start of transition to the end of transition (the period from transition start to transition to estimation of the charging rate using the discharge mode information) and is shorter than the transition period. .
- step S603 and step S604 is not limited.
- step S605 the control unit 5 determines whether or not the second charging rate is equal to or lower than the target charging rate. If the second charging rate is equal to or lower than the target charging rate (Yes), the process proceeds to step S606. If the second charging rate is larger than the target charging rate (No), the process proceeds to step S603.
- step S605 may be repeated without moving to step S603.
- step S606 the control unit 5 proceeds to a charging rate estimation process with reference to the discharge mode information. Also, the current integration process is stopped.
- control unit (second processing operation) will be described.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of the operation during the period of transition from the discharge mode to the charge mode.
- the control unit 5 detects that the charging mode has been switched to the discharging mode.
- step S ⁇ b> 702 the control unit 5 starts the current integration process using the current value acquired from the current measurement unit 3 to obtain the current integration value.
- step S703 the control unit 5 obtains the sixth charging rate using the third charging rate and the current integrated value at the time of switching.
- step S704 the control unit 5 obtains a target charging rate associated with the integrated current value obtained in the determined period.
- the determined period is set within the transition period from the start of transition to the end of transition (the period from the start of transition to the transition to the estimation of the charging rate using the charging mode information) and is shorter than the transition period. .
- step S703 and step S704 is not limited.
- step S705 the control unit 5 determines whether or not the sixth charging rate is equal to or higher than the target charging rate. If the sixth charging rate is equal to or higher than the target charging rate (Yes), the process proceeds to step S706. If the sixth charging rate is smaller than the target charging rate (No), the process proceeds to step S703. If No in step S705, step S705 may be repeated without moving to step S703.
- step S706 the control unit 5 proceeds to a charging rate estimation process with reference to the charging mode information. Also, the current integration process is stopped.
- the charging rate can be accurately estimated even when the charging rate of the battery is influenced by polarization.
- the closed circuit voltage on the curve 302 represented by the charging mode information and the closed circuit voltage on the curve 303 represented by the discharging mode information Has a voltage difference. Therefore, if the charge rate is estimated using the discharge mode information immediately after switching from the charge mode to the discharge mode, the charge rate cannot be accurately estimated. However, according to the first embodiment, there is an effect that the charging rate can be accurately estimated by estimating the charging rate from the charging mode to the discharging mode using the current period and the transition period.
- the closed circuit voltage on the curve 303 represented by the discharge mode information and the closed circuit voltage on the curve 302 represented by the charge mode information as shown in FIG. Has a voltage difference. Therefore, if the charging rate is estimated using the charging mode information immediately after switching from the discharging mode to the charging mode, the charging rate cannot be accurately estimated. However, according to the first embodiment, there is an effect that the charging rate can be accurately estimated by estimating the charging rate from the discharge mode to the charging mode using the current period and the transition period.
- Embodiment 2 will be described.
- the first processing unit included in the transition time estimation unit 10 of the second embodiment obtains a discharge rate for each period determined from the start of transition when transitioning from the charge mode to the discharge mode. For example, when the determined period is 10 seconds, the discharge rate is obtained every 10 seconds. That is, the discharge rate 10 seconds after the start of transition, the discharge rate 20 seconds after the start of transition, the discharge rate 30 seconds after the start of transition 20 seconds, and so on are obtained.
- the transition estimation unit 10 uses the obtained discharge rate to refer to the discharge mode transition information in which the discharge rate and the fourth charging rate ( ⁇ SOC1) for determining the target charging rate are associated with each other. Find the charge rate.
- the information 501 in FIG. 4 is used as the discharge mode transition information.
- ⁇ SOC1 associated with the discharge rate is obtained every 10 seconds. That is, ⁇ SOC1 associated with the discharge rate 10 seconds after the start of transition, ⁇ SOC1 associated with the discharge rate 20 seconds after 10 seconds after the start of transition, and ⁇ SOC1 associated with the discharge rate 30 seconds after 20 seconds after the start of transition ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇
- the transition estimation unit 10 uses the fourth charging rate and the first charging rate at the start of transition to obtain a target charging rate for each determined period. For example, when the determined period is 10 seconds, the target charge rate is obtained every 10 seconds using ⁇ SOC1 associated with the discharge rate every 10 seconds and the first charge rate at the start of the transition. That is, the target charge rate 10 seconds after the start of the transition is obtained using ⁇ SOC1 associated with the discharge rate 10 seconds after the start of the transition and the first charge rate at the start of the transition. Next, using ⁇ SOC1 associated with the discharge rate 20 seconds after the start of the transition 10 seconds and the first charge rate at the start of the transition, the target charge rate 20 seconds after the transition start 10 seconds is obtained. Next, by using ⁇ SOC1 associated with the discharge rate after 20 seconds from the start of the transition and 30 seconds after the start of the transition and the first charging rate at the start of the transition, the target charge rate after 20 seconds from the start of the transition is obtained.
- the target charging rate is 60 [%].
- the target charging rate is 55 [%].
- ⁇ SOC1 associated with the discharge rate after 20 seconds to 30 seconds after the start of transition is 5 [%]
- the target charging rate is 65 [%].
- the transition estimation unit 10 determines whether or not the second charging rate is equal to or lower than the target charging rate for each determined period, and when the second charging rate is equal to or lower than the target charging rate, the discharge mode information is displayed. The process proceeds to the referenced charging rate estimation process.
- the transition estimation unit 10 uses the fourth charge rate, the first charge rate at the start of transition, and the difference between the first charge rate and the second charge rate at the start of transition.
- the target charging rate may be obtained every predetermined period.
- the first charging rate is 70 [%] (SOC1)
- the second charging rate is 69 [%]
- ⁇ SOC1 associated with the discharge rate 10 seconds after the start of transition is 10 [%].
- a difference 1 [%] between the first charging rate and the second charging rate at the start of the transition is obtained.
- 10 [%] of ⁇ SOC1 is subtracted from the first charging rate of 70 [%]
- the difference 1 [%] is added to the subtracted value to obtain the target charging rate 61 [%].
- the first charging rate 70 [%]. ] is subtracted from 15% of ⁇ SOC1. Subsequently, the difference 2 [%] between the first charging rate and the second charging rate is added to the subtracted value to obtain the target charging rate 57 [%].
- the target charging rate 68 [%] is obtained by adding the difference 3 [%] between the first charging rate and the second charging rate to the subtracted value.
- the transition estimation unit 10 determines whether or not the second charging rate is equal to or lower than the target charging rate for each determined period, and refers to the discharge mode information when the second charging rate is equal to or lower than the target charging rate. The process proceeds to the charging rate estimation process.
- a process (second process) when shifting from the discharge mode to the charge mode will be described.
- the second processing unit included in the transition time estimation unit 10 of the second embodiment obtains a charge rate for each period determined from the start of transition when shifting from the discharge mode to the charge mode. For example, when the determined period is 10 seconds, the charging rate is obtained every 10 seconds. That is, the charging rate after 10 seconds from the start of the transition, the charging rate after 20 seconds after the start of the transition, the charging rate after 20 seconds after the start of the transition, and the charging rate after 30 seconds are obtained.
- the transition estimation unit 10 uses the obtained charging rate to refer to charging mode transition information in which the charging rate and the fifth charging rate ( ⁇ SOC2) for determining the target charging rate are associated with each other. Find the charge rate.
- the information 501 in FIG. 4 is used as the charging mode transition information.
- ⁇ SOC2 associated with the charge rate is obtained every 10 seconds. That is, ⁇ SOC2 associated with the charge rate 10 seconds after the start of the transition, ⁇ SOC2 associated with the charge rate 20 seconds after the start of the transition 10 seconds, and ⁇ SOC2 associated with the charge rate 30 seconds after the start of the transition 20 seconds ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇
- the transition estimation unit 10 uses the fifth charging rate and the third charging rate at the start of transition to obtain a target charging rate for each determined period. For example, when the determined period is 10 seconds, the target charge rate is obtained every 10 seconds using ⁇ SOC2 associated with the charge rate every 10 seconds and the third charge rate at the start of the transition. That is, the target charge rate 10 seconds after the start of the transition is obtained using ⁇ SOC2 associated with the charge rate 10 seconds after the start of the transition and the third charge rate at the start of the transition. Next, by using ⁇ SOC2 associated with the charge rate 20 seconds after the start of the transition 10 seconds and the third charge rate at the start of the transition, the target charge rate 20 seconds after the transition start 10 seconds is obtained. Next, by using ⁇ SOC2 associated with the charging rate after 30 seconds from the start of the transition and the third charging rate at the start of the transition, the target charging rate after 20 seconds from the start of the transition is obtained.
- the target charging rate is 50 [%].
- the target charging rate is 55 [%].
- ⁇ SOC2 associated with the charge rate after 30 seconds from the start of transition to 30 seconds is 5 [%]
- the target charge rate is 45 [%].
- the transition estimation unit 10 determines whether or not the sixth charging rate is equal to or lower than the target charging rate for each determined period. When the sixth charging rate is equal to or lower than the target charging rate, the discharge mode information is displayed. The process proceeds to the referenced charging rate estimation process.
- the transition estimation unit 10 uses the fifth charge rate, the third charge rate at the start of transition, and the difference between the third charge rate and the sixth charge rate at the start of transition.
- the target charging rate may be obtained every predetermined period.
- the third charging rate is 40 [%] (SOC1)
- the sixth charging rate is 41 [%]
- ⁇ SOC2 associated with the charging rate 10 seconds after the start of the transition is 10 [%].
- the difference 1 [%] between the third charging rate and the sixth charging rate at the start of the transition is obtained.
- 10 [%] of ⁇ SOC2 is added to the third charging rate 40 [%]
- the target charging rate 49 [%] is obtained by subtracting the difference 1 [%] from the added value.
- the target charging rate 53 [%] is obtained by subtracting the difference 2 [%] between the third charging rate and the sixth charging rate from the added value.
- the target charging rate 42 [%] is obtained by subtracting the difference 3 [%] between the first charging rate and the sixth charging rate from the added value.
- the transition time estimation unit 10 determines whether or not the sixth charging rate is equal to or lower than the target charging rate for each determined period. When the sixth charging rate is equal to or lower than the target charging rate, the charging mode information is displayed. The process proceeds to the referenced charging rate estimation process.
- the charging rate can be accurately estimated even when the charging rate of the battery is influenced by polarization.
- the closed circuit voltage on the curve 302 represented by the charging mode information and the closed circuit voltage on the curve 303 represented by the discharging mode information Has a voltage difference. Therefore, if the charge rate is estimated using the discharge mode information immediately after switching from the charge mode to the discharge mode, the charge rate cannot be accurately estimated. However, according to the second embodiment, there is an effect that the charging rate can be accurately estimated by estimating the charging rate from the charging mode to the discharging mode using the current period and the transition period.
- the closed circuit voltage on the curve 303 represented by the discharge mode information and the closed circuit voltage on the curve 302 represented by the charge mode information as shown in FIG. Has a voltage difference. Therefore, if the charging rate is estimated using the charging mode information immediately after switching from the discharging mode to the charging mode, the charging rate cannot be accurately estimated. However, according to the first embodiment, there is an effect that the charging rate can be estimated with high accuracy by estimating the charging rate from the discharge mode to the charging mode using the current period and the transition period.
- the charging rate can be accurately estimated even when the vehicle stops or accelerates.
- the present invention is not limited to the first and second embodiments, and various improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.
Abstract
Description
Claims (10)
- 電池の電圧を測定する電圧計測部と、
前記電池から充放電される電流を測定する電流計測部と、
充電モードの場合、測定した閉回路電圧を用いて、充電器が充電をするときの前記電池の閉回路電圧と第1の充電率とが関連付けられた充電モード情報を参照し、前記第1の充電率を求め、前記第1の充電率を充電時の充電率と推定する充電時推定部と、
前記充電モードから放電モードへ移行を開始すると、測定した前記電流を用いて、電流積算を開始し、移行開始時の前記第1の充電率と電流積算値を用いて第2の充電率を求め、移行開始後の決められた期間に求めた電流積算値によって決まる目標充電率になるまで、前記第2の充電率を移行時の充電率と推定する移行時推定部と、
前記移行が終了して前記放電モードになると、測定した閉回路電圧を用いて、決められた動作パターンで車両を動作させて求められる前記電池の放電パターンを用いて生成された閉回路電圧と第3の充電率とが関連付けられた放電モード情報を参照し、前記第3の充電率を求め、前記第3の充電率を放電時の充電率と推定する放電時推定部と、
を備えることを特徴とする充電率推定装置。 - 前記移行時推定部は、
前記移行開始後の決められた期間の放電レートを求め、
前記放電レートを用いて、前記放電レートと前記目標充電率を決めるための第4の充電率とが関連付けられた放電モード移行情報を参照し、前記第4の充電率を求め、
前記移行開始時の第1の充電率から前記第4の充電率を減算して前記目標充電率を求める、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の充電率推定装置。 - 前記移行時推定部は、
前記移行開始後の決められた期間ごとに放電レートを求め、
前記放電レートを用いて、前記放電レートと前記目標充電率を決めるための第4の充電率とが関連付けられた放電モード移行情報を参照し、前記第4の充電率を求め、
前記移行開始時の第1の充電率から前記第4の充電率を減算して前記決められた期間ごとに前記目標充電率を求める、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の充電率推定装置。 - 前記移行時推定部は、
前記移行開始時の第1の充電率から前記第4の充電率を減算した値と、前記移行開始時の第1の充電率と前記第2の充電率との差と、を用いて、前記決められた期間ごとに前記目標充電率を求める、
ことを特徴とする請求項3に記載の充電率推定装置。 - 電池の電圧を測定する電圧計測部と、
前記電池から充放電される電流を測定する電流計測部と、
放電モードの場合、測定した閉回路電圧を用いて、決められた動作パターンで車両を動作させて求められる前記電池の放電パターンを用いて生成された閉回路電圧と第3の充電率とが関連付けられた放電モード情報を参照し、前記第3の充電率を求め、前記第3の充電率を放電時の充電率と推定する放電時推定部と、
前記放電モードから充電モードへ移行を開始すると、測定した前記電流を用いて、電流積算を開始し、移行開始時の前記第3の充電率と電流積算値を用いて第6の充電率を求め、移行開始後の決められた期間に求めた電流積算値によって決まる目標充電率になるまで、前記第6の充電率を移行時の充電率と推定する移行時推定部と、
前記移行が終了して前記充電モードになると、測定した閉回路電圧を用いて、充電器が充電をするときの前記電池の閉回路電圧と第1の充電率とが関連付けられた充電モード情報を参照し、前記第1の充電率を求め、前記第1の充電率を充電時の充電率と推定する充電時推定部と、
を備えることを特徴とする充電率推定装置。 - 前記移行時推定部は、
前記移行開始後の決められた期間の充電レートを求め、
前記充電レートを用いて、前記充電レートと前記目標充電率を決めるための第5の充電率とが関連付けられた充電モード移行情報を参照し、前記第5の充電率を求め、
前記移行開始時の第3の充電率に前記第5の充電率を加算して前記目標充電率を求める、
ことを特徴とする請求項5に記載の充電率推定装置。 - 前記移行時推定部は、
前記移行開始後の決められた期間ごとに充電レートを求め、
前記充電レートを用いて、前記充電レートと前記目標充電率を決めるための第5の充電率とが関連付けられた充電モード移行情報を参照し、前記第5の充電率を求め、
前記移行開始時の第3の充電率に前記第5の充電率を加算して前記決められた期間ごとに前記目標充電率を求める、
ことを特徴とする請求項5に記載の充電率推定装置。 - 前記移行時推定部は、
前記移行開始時の第3の充電率に前記第5の充電率を加算した値と、前記移行開始時の第3の充電率と前記第6の充電率との差と、を用いて、前記決められた期間ごとに前記目標充電率を求める、
ことを特徴とする請求項7に記載の充電率推定装置。 - コンピュータが
充電モードの場合、充電器が充電をするときの電池の閉回路電圧と第1の充電率とが関連付けられた充電モード情報を参照し、前記第1の充電率を求め、前記第1の充電率を充電時の充電率とし、
前記充電モードから放電モードへ移行を開始すると、電流積算を開始し、移行開始時の前記第1の充電率と電流積算値を用いて第2の充電率を求め、
移行開始後の決められた期間に求めた電流積算値によって決まる目標充電率になるまで、前記第2の充電率を移行時の充電率とし、
前記移行が終了して前記放電モードになると、決められた動作パターンで車両を動作させて求められる前記電池の放電パターンを用いて生成された閉回路電圧と第3の充電率とが関連付けられた放電モード情報を参照し、前記第3の充電率を求め、前記第3の充電率を放電時の充電率とする、
処理を実行することを特徴とする充電率推定方法。 - コンピュータが
放電モードの場合、決められた動作パターンで車両を動作させて求められる電池の放電パターンを用いて生成された閉回路電圧と第3の充電率とが関連付けられた放電モード情報を参照し、前記第3の充電率を求め、前記第3の充電率を放電時の充電率とし、
前記放電モードから充電モードへ移行を開始すると、電流積算を開始し、移行開始時の前記第3の充電率と電流積算値を用いて第6の充電率を求め、
移行開始後の決められた期間に求めた電流積算値によって決まる目標充電率になるまで、前記第6の充電率を移行時の充電率とし、
前記移行が終了して前記充電モードになると、充電器が充電をするときの前記電池の閉回路電圧と第1の充電率とが関連付けられた充電モード情報を参照し、前記第1の充電率を求め、前記第1の充電率を充電時の充電率とする、
処理を実行することを特徴とする充電率推定方法。
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WO2019087018A1 (ja) * | 2017-11-02 | 2019-05-09 | 株式会社半導体エネルギー研究所 | 蓄電装置の容量推定方法および容量推定システム |
JP6867987B2 (ja) * | 2018-10-09 | 2021-05-12 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | 電源装置の満充電容量推定装置 |
JP7261016B2 (ja) * | 2019-01-10 | 2023-04-19 | 株式会社デンソーテン | 推定装置および推定方法 |
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