Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D409/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
  • C07D409/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
  • C07D409/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
  • A61P31/12—Antivirals
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
  • A61P31/12—Antivirals
  • A61P31/14—Antivirals for RNA viruses
  • A61P31/18—Antivirals for RNA viruses for HIV
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
  • A61P31/12—Antivirals
  • A61P31/20—Antivirals for DNA viruses
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D411/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having oxygen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
  • C07D411/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having oxygen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
  • C07D411/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having oxygen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C07B2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to specific properties of organic compounds
  • C07B2200/13—Crystalline forms, e.g. polymorphs

Definitions

• a method of making any of the foregoing crystalline forms of lamivudine hydrochloride comprising: dissolving lamivudine in a solvent to form a solution; adding hydrochloric acid to the solution; and optionally heating the solution to an elevated temperature.
• the method further comprises after heating the suspension: cooling the solution to a cooling temperature.
• the steps of heating the suspension and cooling the suspension comprise repeating the heating and cooling steps for about 6 hours to about 24 hours.
• the foregoing crystalline form of lamivudine sulfate exhibits a Differential Scanning Calorimetry thermogram comprising an endotherm with an onset of about 166.3 ⁇ 0.5°C for a scan rate of about 10 °C/minute.
• the foregoing crystalline form of lamivudine sulfate exhibits a Differential Scanning Calorimetry thermogram having a single endotherm with an onset of about 166.3 ⁇ 0.5°C for a scan rate of about 10 °C/minute.
• the foregoing crystalline form of lamivudine sulfate exhibits a weight loss before melt of about 1.0% or less by Simultaneous Thermal Analysis.
• a method of making a crystalline form of lamivudine phosphate comprising: dissolving lamivudine in a solvent to form a solution; adding phosphoric acid to the solution; and optionally heating the solution to an elevated temperature.
• the phosphoric acid comprises orthophosphoric acid.
• the method further comprises, after heating the solution: cooling the solution to a cooling temperature.
• the steps of heating the suspension and cooling the suspension comprise repeating the heating and cooling steps for about 6 hours to about 24 hours.
• Figure 13 is an STA plot for lamivudine hydrochloride polymorph Form II.
• Figure 30 is an overlay of X-ray powder diffraction patterns of Figures 6 and 27.
• Figure 32 is X-ray powder diffraction patterns of lamivudine hydrochloride polymorph Form II shortly after preparation, lamivudine hydrochloride polymorph Form II after 16 weeks of storage, and lamivudine hydrochloride polymorph Form I. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
• antiviral agent refers to a substance or mixture of substances that can be used in treating conditions caused by or related to viruses.
• the appropriate margin of error for an XRPD value of 2 ⁇ can be ⁇ about 0.5, ⁇ about 0.4, ⁇ about 0.3, ⁇ about 0.2, ⁇ about 0.1 , ⁇ about 0.05, or less.
• customary sample preparation techniques known in the art e.g., sample grinding with a mortar and pestle, sample spinnng, etc .. should be utilized to mitigate against any errors due to preferred orientation effects.
• a crystalline form can be characterized by Raman spectroscopy.
• an STA plot showing a small weight loss upon heating can be consistent with a salt that is neither a solvate nor a hydrate, whereas an STA plot showing a significant weight loss can be consistent with a solvate or hydrate.
• STA can also show decomposition related loss of mass form the sample.
• Lamivudine hydrochloride polymorph Form II can be isolated by known methods of separating a solid from a liquid, for example, one or more of filtration and centrifugation, and washed, for example with a small amount of one or more of the solvents mentioned above, and dried.
• Dying can include one or more of drying in a desiccator, drying in a vacuum oven, drying in a nitrogen environment, drying in a dry air environment, and drying under vacuum, and can be accomplished at either ambient temperature or at elevated temperature, such as the elevated temperatures discussed above with reference to lamivudine hydrochloride polymorph Form I.
• lamivudine sulfate polymorph Form I A third crystalline form of a lamivudine salt is referred to as lamivudine sulfate polymorph Form I, which can be, for example, a hemi-sulfate, mono-sulfate, di-sulfate, etc, particularly a mono-sulfate.
• lamivudine sulfate polymorph Form I is a highly crystalline solid.
• STA Simultaneous Thermal Analysis plots were obtained on a Perkin-Elmer STA 600 TGA/DTA analyzer at ambient temperature, which was weight calibrated with a 100 mg reference weight and temperature calibrated with an indium reference standard. Approximately 5 mg of sample was accurately weighted into a ceramic crucible, which did not have a lid. The sample was heated at a rate of 10° C per minute from 20° C to 250° C, and both the change in weight and DTA signal were monitored. Samples were purged with nitrogen gas at a flow rate of 20 cm 3 /min before and during analysis.
• Lamivudine hydrochloride polymorph Form I was prepared following the procedure of Example 1, except that isopropanol was used in place of ethyl acetate and drying was accomplished under vacuum in a desiccator at ambient temperature. The resulting compound is analyzed in the same manner as that of Example 1, and gives substantially similar results.
• Lamivudine sulfate polymorph Form II was prepared as follows. Lamivudine free base (500 mg) was suspended in 5 mL acetone at ambient temperature, and 200 ⁇ , of 6M sulfuric acid, which corresponds to 0.55 equivalents, was added with mixing at ambient temperature. Agglomerates formed, and the resulting suspension was ultrasonicated for about 20 seconds. The suspension was temperature-cycled between 40° C and ambient temperature every 4 hours for 18 hours. The lamivudine sulfate polymorph Form II was isolated by filtration, washed with 5 mL acetone, and dried in a vacuum oven at 40° C for 18 hours. The yield was 409 mg. The product gave the XRPD diffraction pattern of Figure 19, the Raman spectrum of Figure 20, the STA plot of Figure 21, the DSC thermogram of Figure 22.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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• 2014
  • 2014-02-06 CA CA2898092A patent/CA2898092A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2014-02-06 US US14/766,563 patent/US9688666B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2014-02-06 WO PCT/US2014/015024 patent/WO2014124092A2/en not_active Ceased
  • 2014-02-06 EP EP14705933.1A patent/EP2953945A2/en not_active Withdrawn
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