WO2014101853A1 - 一种摆臂及具有该摆臂的可变气门升程驱动装置 - Google Patents

一种摆臂及具有该摆臂的可变气门升程驱动装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014101853A1
WO2014101853A1 PCT/CN2013/090808 CN2013090808W WO2014101853A1 WO 2014101853 A1 WO2014101853 A1 WO 2014101853A1 CN 2013090808 W CN2013090808 W CN 2013090808W WO 2014101853 A1 WO2014101853 A1 WO 2014101853A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
swing arm
pin
mounting hole
hole
valve lift
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2013/090808
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘涛
刘胜强
林文
孟祥宇
尹吉
王龙
张帅
赵国东
赵卫平
陈翔
Original Assignee
长城汽车股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201210594632.6A external-priority patent/CN103912328B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201210594634.5A external-priority patent/CN103912334B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201210592675.0A external-priority patent/CN103912333B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201310014387.1A external-priority patent/CN103925030B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201310016038.3A external-priority patent/CN103925034B/zh
Application filed by 长城汽车股份有限公司 filed Critical 长城汽车股份有限公司
Publication of WO2014101853A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014101853A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/26—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of two or more valves operated simultaneously by same transmitting-gear; peculiar to machines or engines with more than two lift-valves per cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/26—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of two or more valves operated simultaneously by same transmitting-gear; peculiar to machines or engines with more than two lift-valves per cylinder
    • F01L1/267—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of two or more valves operated simultaneously by same transmitting-gear; peculiar to machines or engines with more than two lift-valves per cylinder with means for varying the timing or the lift of the valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F01L13/0063—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque by modification of cam contact point by displacing an intermediate lever or wedge-shaped intermediate element, e.g. Tourtelot
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F01L13/0063—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque by modification of cam contact point by displacing an intermediate lever or wedge-shaped intermediate element, e.g. Tourtelot
    • F01L2013/0068—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque by modification of cam contact point by displacing an intermediate lever or wedge-shaped intermediate element, e.g. Tourtelot with an oscillating cam acting on the valve of the "BMW-Valvetronic" type

Definitions

  • a swing arm and a variable valve lift drive device having the same
  • the present invention relates to an engine component, and more particularly to a swing arm and a variable valve lift driving device having the swing arm.
  • valve lift refers to the height at which the valve moves from just opening to fully opening, that is, the opening height of the valve.
  • the cam profile of the camshaft used in the engine is different, and the valve lift obtained is also different.
  • the valve lift of a conventional engine is fixed, that is, there is only one cam profile of the camshaft, and the lift design is a balance selection of the engine under full working conditions, so the lift is impossible to make the engine Both the high speed zone and the low speed zone are well In response, the result is that the engine does not get the best high-speed efficiency, and the best low-speed torque is not obtained, but the performance is balanced under all working conditions.
  • Variable valve lift can change the valve lift according to different operating conditions of the engine, so that the engine can get good response in both high-speed and low-speed areas, thus improving the engine's high-speed power and low-speed torque.
  • the existing variable valve lift technology can be divided into a segmented variable valve lift and a continuously variable valve lift according to its control effect. Compared with the segmented variable valve lift, the continuously variable valve lift can better match the combustion system of the engine and has certain advantages. In the conventional variable valve lift driving devices, different valve lifts are obtained by changing the cam profile of the camshaft.
  • the specific method is to use a combined camshaft, wherein the combined camshaft is provided with a plurality of cams having different profiles, and the different cam profiles on the combined camshaft drive the valve links to reciprocate, thereby
  • the valve lift is variable.
  • the camshaft, the valve connecting rod and the like are subjected to different degrees of impact loads, thereby reducing the service life of the components.
  • the combined camshaft is more complex and of higher quality than the conventional camshaft, which increases the machining cost and fuel consumption of the engine.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a swing arm and a variable valve lift drive device having the swing arm to improve the service life of components and reduce the processing cost and fuel consumption of the engine.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a swing arm.
  • the swing arm includes a swing arm body, and the swing arm body is provided with a first rotation center and a second rotation center.
  • the valve link is linearly reciprocated to realize the opening of the valve. Closing, adjusting the position of the first rotation, ⁇ when the swing arm rotates about the second center of rotation to change the valve lift of the engine having the swing arm.
  • the first rotation center is a first through hole provided on the swing arm body
  • the second rotation is in the middle
  • the core is a second through hole provided on the body of the swing arm.
  • the swing arm body comprises two mutually spaced and symmetrically disposed projections, and the second through hole is disposed on the two projections.
  • a second rotating shaft is disposed in the second through hole, and a roller is disposed between the two protruding portions, and the roller is sleeved on the second rotating shaft, so that the position of the second rotating center can be skillfully made temporary Fixed to drive the swing arm to rotate about the second center of rotation.
  • the swing arm body is provided with a working portion for driving a linear reciprocating motion of the valve link, the number of the working portions is at least two, and the at least two working portions are spaced apart from each other, so that the at least two working portions can correspond to the plurality of working portions
  • the valve rocker arm is matched.
  • Another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a variable valve lift driving device.
  • the variable valve lift driving device includes a valve, a valve connecting rod connected to the valve, a valve rocker arm connected to the valve link, and a driving valve opening or closing.
  • a cam shaft is provided between the valve rocker arm and the cam shaft, and a swing arm and a swing arm adjuster are arranged.
  • the swing arm is provided with a first rotation center and a second rotation center.
  • the valve is opened or closed by linear reciprocating movement of the valve link, and the swing arm rotates around the second rotation center to adjust the position of the first rotation center, thereby changing the valve lift.
  • the first rotation center is a first through hole, and the first through hole is provided with a first pin shaft to connect the swing arm and the swing arm adjustment frame;
  • the second rotation center is a second through hole, and the second through hole is inside
  • a second pin shaft is disposed, and the second pin shaft is provided with a swing arm roller that cooperates with the cam shaft.
  • the second pin shaft is disposed coaxially with the rotation center of the swing arm adjustment frame.
  • the swing arm adjustment frame In order to drive the swing arm adjustment frame to rotate, the swing arm adjustment frame is hinged with a connecting rod, the connecting rod is provided with a hole, and the hole is provided with an eccentric wheel, and the eccentric shaft of the eccentric wheel is connected with a driving mechanism.
  • the swing arm adjuster has various implementation forms.
  • the swing arm adjusting frame comprises a linear bottom arm and an end portion of the bottom arm.
  • Two side arms that are vertically connected and extend toward the same side of the bottom arm, and are perpendicular to the middle of the bottom arm And a middle arm extending toward the opposite side of the bottom arm;
  • the first side mounting holes are coaxially disposed on the two side arms, the swing arm adjusting frame is rotatable around the first mounting hole, and the two side arms are coaxial a second mounting hole corresponding to the first through hole, the first pin shaft is also disposed in the second mounting hole;
  • the middle arm is provided with a third mounting hole, and the swing arm adjusting frame is passed through the third
  • a mounting hole is hinged to the link.
  • the first mounting hole is provided with a pin so as to be able to articulate the swing arm adjusting frame to other related parts of the engine, for example, to the cover of the engine, and at the same time, to prevent axial pinching of the pin, two of the pin A circlip is provided at the end.
  • the connecting rod also has various implementation forms.
  • the implementation form is as follows: the connecting rod comprises a rod body, the rod body is provided with the hole at one end and the fork portion is provided at the other end The middle arm is inserted into the slit of the fork portion, and the fork portion is provided with a fourth mounting hole corresponding to the third mounting hole.
  • Embodiment 2 of the variable valve lift driving device the structure and function of the variable valve lift driving device are substantially the same as those of Embodiment 1 described above, and the difference between the two is mainly in the swing arm adjusting frame and the connecting body.
  • the rods are implemented in different forms.
  • the connecting rod is implemented in Embodiment 2 of the variable valve lift driving device of the present invention, wherein the connecting rod comprises a first rod body, which is perpendicularly connected to the end of the first rod body and extends toward the same side of the first rod body.
  • the swing arm adjusting frame is implemented in the embodiment 2 of the variable valve lift driving device of the present invention: the swing arm adjusting frame includes a second rod body; and the second rod body is provided with the first through hole Corresponding seventh mounting hole, the first pin shaft is also disposed in the seventh mounting hole, and the swing arm adjusting frame is hinged to the connecting rod through the seventh mounting hole; An eighth mounting hole is also provided, the pin being threaded into the eighth mounting hole, and the swing arm adjusting frame is rotatable around the pin.
  • variable valve lift driving device the structure and function of the variable valve lift driving device are substantially the same as those of the first embodiment described above, and the difference between the two is mainly:
  • the connecting rod is not used in the third embodiment, and the implementation form of the swing arm adjusting frame is also different.
  • the swing arm adjustment frame is implemented in Embodiment 3 of the variable valve lift driving device of the present invention, wherein: the swing arm adjustment frame includes a bottom arm connected to the bottom arm and facing the same side of the bottom arm a first mounting hole coaxially disposed on the two side arms, wherein the swing arm adjusting frame can swing around the first mounting hole; and the two side arms are coaxially disposed corresponding to the first through hole a second mounting hole, the first mounting hole is provided with a first pin shaft; the middle arm is provided with an opening, a slider is mounted in the opening, the slider has a receiving hole, and the receiving hole is provided There is an eccentric wheel, and the eccentric shaft of the eccentric is connected with a drive mechanism.
  • the opening is a rectangular opening
  • the slider is a rectangular slider; the rectangular slider and the rectangular opening are slidably engaged by a groove and a protrusion.
  • the sliding surface of the slider is a V-shaped sliding surface or an inverted V-shaped sliding surface perpendicular to the sliding direction, and the opening is provided with an inverted V-shaped surface or a sliding fit with the V-shaped sliding surface.
  • the V-shaped surface in which the V-shaped sliding surface is slip-fitted is described.
  • the structure and function of the variable valve lift driving device are substantially the same as those of the first embodiment described above, and the difference between the two is mainly as follows:
  • the use of connecting rods and the implementation of the swing arm adjustment frame are also different.
  • the swing arm adjusting frame is implemented in the embodiment 4 of the variable valve lift driving device of the present invention, wherein: the swing arm adjusting frame comprises a linear bottom arm, which is perpendicularly connected to the end of the bottom arm and faces the bottom arm Two side arms extending on the same side, and a middle arm vertically connected to the middle of the bottom arm and extending toward the other opposite side of the bottom arm; the first side mounting holes are coaxially disposed on the two side arms, the first installation a hole mounting pin, the swing arm adjusting frame swings around the pin; the two side arms are also coaxially provided with a second mounting hole corresponding to the first through hole, and the second mounting hole is provided with a first pin shaft; The middle arm abuts the eccentric wheel, and the eccentric shaft of the eccentric wheel is connected with a driving mechanism.
  • swinging the swing arm around the first rotation center thereof can drive the valve link to perform linear reciprocating motion to realize the opening of the valve and Closing, the rotation of the swing arm about its second rotation can adjust the position of the first center of rotation, so that when the first center of rotation is at a position
  • a valve lift that allows for a different valve lift when the first center of rotation is adjusted to be at a different position, so that the valve lift can be varied depending on the operating conditions of the engine.
  • variable valve lift is implemented in the embodiment of the present invention
  • the combined camshaft is used to realize the variable valve lift, and the valve link motion is not driven by changing the cams having different profiles. Impact on camshafts, valve linkages, etc., prolonging the service life of camshafts, valve linkages, etc.; and because there are no cams with different profiles on the camshaft,
  • the camshaft used in the swing arm of the embodiment of the invention has a simple structure and small mass, and reduces the processing cost and fuel consumption of the engine.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a swing arm provided in Embodiment 1 of the swing arm of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view of adjusting the position of the first rotation center of the swing arm shown in Figure 1.
  • FIG 3 is a schematic view showing the addition of a roller in the swing arm shown in Figure 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a swing arm provided in Embodiment 2 of the swing arm of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a variable valve lift driving device according to Embodiment 1 of the variable valve lift driving device of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic exploded view of Figure 5;
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view of the swing arm adjusting frame and the connecting rod of Figure 6;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a variable valve lift driving device provided in Embodiment 2 of the variable valve lift driving device of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic exploded view of Figure 8.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view of the swing arm adjustment frame and the connecting rod of Figure 8;
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a variable valve lift driving device provided in Embodiment 3 of the variable valve lift driving device of the present invention
  • Figure 12 is a schematic view showing the structure of the variable valve lift driving device shown in Figure 11;
  • Figure (a) is a cross-sectional view showing an assembled structure of the opening and the slider of Figure 11;
  • Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view showing another assembled structure of the opening and the slider;
  • (c) is a sectional view showing another assembly structure of the opening and the slider in Fig. 11;
  • Figure 14 is a schematic structural view of a variable valve lift driving device provided in Embodiment 4 of the variable valve lift driving device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural view of another variable valve lift driving device with improved steam valve lift driving device provided in FIG. 14.
  • FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
  • the swing arm provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a swing arm body.
  • the swing arm body is provided with a first rotation center and a second rotation center.
  • the valve link is linearly reciprocated to realize the valve. Opening and closing, the swing arm adjusts the position of the first center of rotation about the second rotation.
  • valve lift when the first center of rotation is located at one position, a valve lift can be realized, and when the first center of rotation is adjusted to be at another different position, another different valve lift can be realized, and thus can be based on the engine.
  • the valve lift is changed for different operating conditions.
  • the manner in which the variable valve lift is implemented in the embodiment of the present invention is different from the prior art in that the combined camshaft is used to realize the variable valve lift, and the valve link motion is not driven by changing the cams having different profiles.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a swing arm provided in Embodiment 1 of the swing arm of the present invention. As shown in FIG.
  • the swing arm includes a swing arm body 1 , and the swing arm body 1 is provided with a first rotation center 11 and a second rotation center 12 .
  • the first rotation center 11 is a first through hole
  • the second The center of rotation 12 is a second through hole.
  • the bottom of the swing arm body 1 further has a working portion 2, The working portion 2 cooperates with the working surface of the valve rocker arm to drive the valve rocker arm to swing correspondingly around the rotating shaft when the swing arm swings around the first rotating center 11.
  • the swinging of the valve rocker arm drives the valve link linear reciprocating motion To achieve the opening or closing of the valve.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the adjustment of the first center of rotation of the swing arm shown in Fig. 1. As shown in FIG. 2, the swing arm drawn by the solid line is in a state before the position adjustment of the first rotation center, and the swing arm drawn by the broken line is a state after the position adjustment of the first rotation center.
  • the first center of rotation can be referred to as the drive center of the valve lift
  • the second center of rotation can be referred to as the adjustment center of the valve lift
  • the pendulum provided by the embodiment of the present invention
  • the arm integrates the drive center and the adjustment center of the valve lift, and the arrangement of the swing arm in the embodiment of the present invention simplifies the structure and reduces the structure compared to the structure in which the drive center and the adjustment center are disposed on the two components. The number of parts used.
  • the swing arm body 1 includes two protrusions 3 which are spaced apart from each other and are symmetrically disposed, and the second through holes are disposed on the two protrusions 3.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the addition of a roller in the swing arm shown in Fig. 1. As shown in FIG.
  • a second rotating shaft 4 is disposed in the second through hole, and a roller 5 is disposed between the two protruding portions 3, and the roller 5 is sleeved on the second rotating shaft 4.
  • the position of the second center of rotation can be skillfully fixed to drive the swing arm to rotate about the second center of rotation. Specifically, the roller is forced against the other components in contact with the roller to fix the roller, for example, against the cam of the camshaft, and then the swing arm is driven to rotate the second rotating shaft relative to the roller. So that the swing arm can rotate about the second center of rotation.
  • the cam shaft is rotated, the big end of the cam on the cam shaft abuts against the roller and the roller drives the second rotation shaft, and then the second rotation shaft drives the swing arm to surround The first center of rotation swings.
  • the first rotating shaft can be passed through the first through hole, so that the swing arm is rotated about the first rotating shaft.
  • the driving force can be directly applied to the first rotating shaft, so that only the connection between the first rotation center and the second rotation center is rotated through a certain The angle is sufficient, so that the angular displacement of the wire can be easily controlled.
  • the swing arm body 1 is provided with a recess 6 capable of accommodating a return spring, which acts to reset the swing arm about the first rotation, and to swing.
  • the specific implementation form of the return spring may be a torsion spring.
  • One end of the torsion spring is disposed in the groove 6 and the other end is fixed on other components, for example, a driving portion that is driven to rotate around the second rotation center.
  • the drive portion maintains a position when the swing arm swings around the first center of rotation.
  • the large end of the cam on the camshaft drives the swing arm to rotate in one direction (such as counterclockwise).
  • the torsion spring drives Swing arm around the first rotation
  • the heart rotates in the opposite direction (such as clockwise) to achieve a reset of the swing arm.
  • the groove 6 makes the return spring easier to fix on the swing arm, and the installation is convenient and quick, and the working stability of the swing arm is improved.
  • the swing arm body 1 is a hollow structure which not only reduces the weight of the swing arm but also improves the overall strength of the swing arm.
  • a flange rib 7 is provided on the side wall of the hollow structure, which can further improve the structural strength and impact resistance of the swing arm.
  • the swing arm includes a swing arm body 1 , and the swing arm body 1 is provided with a first rotation center 11 and a second rotation center 12 .
  • the first rotation center 11 is a first through hole
  • the second The center of rotation 12 is a second through hole.
  • the bottom of the swing arm body 1 has two working portions 2 which are spaced apart from each other.
  • each cylinder of the engine has two intake valves and two exhaust valves, but there are also three intake valves and two exhaust valves.
  • the swing arm of the above embodiment 1 has a working portion that can be used in conjunction with an intake valve, so that two such swing arms are required for the two intake valves.
  • the swing arm in this embodiment has two working portions, which can be used in cooperation with the two intake valves, so that only one such swing arm can be used for the two intake valves, which saves the number of engine components used. , simplifies the structure.
  • a cylinder having three or more intake valves it is also possible to provide three or more corresponding working portions on the swing arm.
  • the working faces of the two working portions 2 may have different curved shapes.
  • the two valve rocker arms can be driven to generate different The degree of oscillation causes a different lift of the two valves.
  • the present invention also provides an embodiment of a variable valve lift apparatus using the swing arm described in the above embodiment.
  • Embodiment 1 of variable valve lift driving device
  • variable valve lift driving device includes a valve 101, a valve link 102 connected to the valve 101, a valve rocker arm 103 connected to the valve link 102, and a driving valve opened or closed.
  • the camshaft 104 is provided between the camshaft 104 and the valve rocker arm 103 with a swing arm 105 and a swing arm adjuster 1-6.
  • the swing arm 105 is provided with a first rotation center 1-51 and a second rotation center 1-52.
  • the swing arm 105 swings around the first rotation center 1-51 to drive the valve link 102 to linearly reciprocate to realize the opening or closing of the valve 101, and the swing arm adjustment frame 1-6 rotates to swing the swing arm 105 around the first
  • the two rotation centers 1 - 52 are rotated to adjust the position of the first rotation center 1 - 51 to change the valve lift.
  • variable valve lift is found to be different, and the camshaft and the valve connecting rod are not impacted by changing the cam with different profiles to drive the valve linkage, and the camshaft and the valve linkage are extended.
  • the service life of the related components and since a plurality of cams having different profiles are not disposed on the camshaft, the camshaft used in conjunction with the swing arm in the embodiment of the present invention has a simple structure and a small mass, and the engine is lowered. Processing costs and fuel consumption.
  • the first rotating center 1-51 is specifically a first through hole
  • the second rotating center 1-52 is specifically a second through hole
  • the first through hole is provided with a first pin 1-53 to connect the pendulum
  • the second through hole is provided with a second pin 1-54
  • the second pin shaft 1-54 is provided with a swing arm roller 1 - 56 which cooperates with the cam shaft 104.
  • the camshaft 104 drives the swing arm roller 1-56 to swing the swing arm 105 around the first pin shaft 1-53 to realize the opening or closing of the valve 101, and the swing arm adjustment
  • the carriages 1-6 rotate to rotate the swing arm 105 about the second pin 1-54 to adjust the position of the first pin 1-53.
  • the implementation forms of the first rotation center and the second rotation center are not limited to the through holes.
  • the swing arm may be integrally formed with the first pin shaft or integrally formed with the second pin shaft.
  • the swing arm does not rotate around the first pin or the second pin that is integrally formed, but rotates with it.
  • the swing arm roller 1-56 can skillfully temporarily fix the position of the second center of rotation 1-52 to drive the swing arm 105 to rotate about the second center of rotation 1-52.
  • the swing arm roller 1-56 is abutted against other components in contact with it to fix the swing arm roller i-56, for example, against the cam of the camshaft 104, and then the swing arm 105 is driven to rotate.
  • the second pin 1-54 is rotated relative to the swing arm roller 1-56 to enable the swing arm 105 to rotate about the second center of rotation 1-52.
  • the cam shaft 104 rotates, and the large end of the cam on the cam shaft 104 abuts the swing arm roller 1-56 and swings the arm roller 1-56.
  • the second pin shaft 1-54 is driven, and then the second pin shaft 1-54 drives the swing arm 105 to swing around the first rotation center 1-51.
  • the swing arm 105 has two working portions 1-57 that are spaced apart from one another.
  • the two working portions 1-57 are respectively matched with the working faces of the respective valve rocker arms, so that it is possible to simultaneously drive the two valve rocker arms 103 using only one such swing arm 105.
  • the working faces of the two working portions 1-57 may have different curved shapes, and when the two working faces having different curved shapes respectively cooperate with the corresponding valve rocker arms 103, the two valve rocker arms 103 can be driven to generate Different degrees of oscillation cause different lifts of the two valves 101.
  • the swing arm adjusting frame 1-6 is hinged on the fixed position component 1016 of the engine, for example, hinged on the cover of the engine, and the swing arm adjusting frame 1-6 can rotate around the hinge, so the center of rotation thereof is Hinge.
  • the second pin 1-54 is disposed coaxially with the rotation center of the swing arm adjustment frame 1-6, so that the swing arm adjustment frame 1-6 can rotate about the axis of the second pin 1-54, thereby The position of the first pin shaft 1-53, that is, the first rotation center is adjusted.
  • the swing arm adjustment frame 1-6 is hinged with a connecting rod 1-7, and the connecting rod 1-7 is provided with a hole 1-72.
  • the eccentric shaft 1081 of the eccentric 108 is connected with a driving mechanism.
  • the eccentric shaft 1081 drives the eccentric wheel 108 to rotate together, and the rotation of the eccentric wheel 108 drives the connecting rod 1-7 to perform a planar motion, so that the connecting rod 1-7 drives the swing arm adjusting frame 1 - 6 rotates around its center of rotation.
  • the contact between the eccentric 108 and the hole 1-72 is a surface contact, not a line contact. Therefore, the surface contact is larger than the line contact, the contact area between the parts is large, the wear of the part is small, and the part is difficult to be invalid. Therefore, it can be used for a long time without replacement. As shown in Fig.
  • the swing arm adjusting frame 1-6 includes a bottom arm 1-61 in a straight type and two sides extending perpendicularly to the end of the bottom arm 1-61 and extending toward the same side of the bottom arm 1-61.
  • the arms 1-62 are intermediate arms 1-63 that are perpendicularly connected to the middle of the bottom arms 1-61 and extend toward the other opposite side of the bottom arms 1-61.
  • the first side mounting holes 1-64 are coaxially disposed on the two side arms 1-62, and the swing arm adjusting frame 1-6 can be hinged to the engine through the pins 1-9 inserted in the first mounting holes 1-64.
  • the hinge of the swing arm adjustment frame 1-6 is the first mounting hole 1-64 or the pin 1-9 becomes the center of rotation of the swing arm adjustment frame 6, that is, the first mounting hole 1-64 (or the pin 1-9) is disposed coaxially with the second pin shaft 1-54.
  • the springs 1-13 are provided at both ends of the pins 1-9 provided in the first mounting holes 1-64, and the springs 1-13 can prevent the axial movement of the pins 1-9.
  • a second mounting hole 1-65 corresponding to the first through hole is coaxially disposed on the two side arms 1-62, and the first pin shaft 1-53 is also disposed in the second mounting hole 1-65. Passing the first pin 1-53 through the first through hole and the second mounting hole 1-65 enables the swing arm 105 and the swing arm adjusting frame 1-6 to be connected.
  • the fit between the first pin 1-53 and the first through hole is a clearance fit, that is, the swing arm 105 can freely rotate around the first pin 1-53, so that when the swing arm adjuster 1-6 rotates around the center thereof When rotating, the first pin shaft - 53 can be rotated to change the position of the first rotation center of the swing arm 105.
  • the cooperation between the first pin 1-53 and the second mounting hole 1-65 is an interference fit, that is, the swing arm adjusting frame 1-6 cannot be rotated relative to the first pin 1-53, when the cam shaft 104 is
  • the swing arm roller 1-56 does not rotate around the first pin 1-53, but drives the first pin 1-53 and further drives the swing arm.
  • the roller rotates about the second pin 1-54.
  • the small end of the cam disengages from the swing arm roller 1-56, so that the swing arm 105 can be at the return spring.
  • the position of the first pin 53 is returned to the position.
  • FIG. 6 does not show the position of the return spring, but those skilled in the art can reasonably set the position of the return spring according to the action of the return spring, so the position of the set is not described here.
  • a bearing 1-14 is provided between the first pin 1-53 and the first through hole.
  • the bearing can be a needle bearing.
  • the needle bearing has a small radial thickness and is suitable for being placed in a narrow space between the first pin 1-53 and the first through hole. However, it is not limited to this. If space permits, other types of bearings, such as ball bearing, can be used.
  • the number of the bearings 1-14 is two, and the two bearings are sleeved on the first pin 1-53 and are clearance-fitted with the first pin 1-53, so to avoid the bearing 1-14 in the first An axial movement occurs on a pin 1-53, and a bushing (not shown) that resists the bearing 1-14 can be sleeved on the first pin 1-53 between the two bearings 1-14, which should be clear
  • the number of needle bearings may not be limited to two.
  • circlips 1-13 are provided at both ends of the first pin shaft 1-53, and the circlips 1-13 are used to prevent axial pulsation of the first pin shaft 1-53.
  • the middle arm 1-63 of the swing arm adjusting frame 1-6 is provided with a third mounting hole 1-66, and the swing arm adjusting frame 1-6 passes through the third mounting hole 1-66 and the connecting rod 1- 7 hinged.
  • the connecting rod 1-7 is in a plane motion, the swing arm adjusting frame 1-6 can be rotated around the first mounting hole 1-64.
  • the connecting rod 1-7 includes a shaft 1-71, and one end of the rod 1-71 is provided with the hole 1-72, and the other end is provided with a fork 1-73.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view of the swing arm adjusting frame of Figure 6 after being connected with the connecting rod.
  • the middle arm 1-63 of the swing arm adjusting frame 1-6 is inserted into the slit of the fork 1-73, and the fork portion
  • a first mounting hole 1-74 corresponding to the third mounting hole 1-66 is provided on 1-73, and a connecting rod pin 1-10 is inserted in the third mounting hole 1-66 and the fourth mounting hole 1-74.
  • the swing arm adjustment frame 1-6 and the connecting rod 1-7 can be assembled together.
  • the drive mechanism coupled to the eccentric shaft 1081 includes a worm gear 1011 coupled to the eccentric shaft 1081, a worm 1012 engaged with the worm wheel 1011, and a drive source coupled to the worm 1012.
  • the drive source may be a motor. , or it can be a motor and a shifting mechanism connected to the motor, such as a speed reducer.
  • the driving source drives the worm 1012 to rotate, and the worm 1012 drives the turbine 1011 meshed with it to rotate, so that the turbine 1011 drives the eccentric shaft 1081 connected thereto to rotate, so that the eccentric wheel 1-8 on the eccentric shaft 1081 can rotate the connecting rod 1 -7 do flat transport move.
  • the linear motion of the connecting rod 1 -7 causes the swing arm adjusting frame 1-6 to rotate around the first mounting hole 1 - 64, which also causes the first pin shaft - 53 of the swing arm 105 to rotate around the first mounting hole 1 - 64 Since the first mounting hole 1-64 is coaxially disposed with the second pin 1-54, the first rotation center 1-51 of the swing arm 105 can be rotated around the second rotation center 1-52, thereby changing the valve. Lift.
  • the valve rocker arm 103 is also connected with a hydraulic tappet 1015, which can make the cam and the swing arm roller on the cam shaft 104.
  • the contact between 56, and the contact between the valve rocker arm 103 and the working portion 1-57 of the swing arm 105 maintains a zero gap.
  • variable valve lift driving device in this embodiment are substantially the same as those of the first embodiment of the variable valve lift driving device, and therefore, in order not to cause unnecessary blurring in the embodiment of the present invention,
  • This embodiment describes only differences from Embodiment 1 of the variable valve lift driving device, and the same portions are omitted. Further, it should be noted that, although the description of the same points is omitted, the same or similar reference numerals are used in the drawings of the present embodiment for the same features as those of the embodiment 1 of the variable valve lift driving device. Make a representation. 8 is a schematic structural view of a variable valve lift driving device according to Embodiment 2 of the variable valve lift driving device of the present invention; and FIG. 9 is a schematic exploded view of FIG.
  • the connecting rod 2-7 in this embodiment includes a first rod 2-75, which is perpendicularly connected to the end of the first rod 2-75 and faces the same side of the first rod 2-75.
  • Two side bars 2-76 extending, and a middle pole 2-77 vertically connected to the middle of the first rod body 2-75 and extending toward the other opposite side of the first rod body 2-75; wherein, the two side bars 2 -76 is coaxially disposed with a fifth mounting hole 2-78 corresponding to the first through hole, and the first pin 2-53 can be installed in the fifth mounting hole 2-78 by means of a clearance fit, and
  • the rod 2-7 is hinged to the swing arm adjusting frame 2-6 through the fifth mounting hole 2-78; the middle rod 2-77 is provided with a sixth mounting hole 2-79, and the sixth mounting hole 2-79 is provided with an eccentric 108
  • the eccentric shaft 1081 of the eccentric 108 is connected with a drive mechanism.
  • the swing arm adjusting frame 2-6 of the embodiment includes a second rod body 2-67, and the second rod body 2-67 is provided with a seventh mounting hole 2-68 corresponding to the first through hole, and the first pin shaft 2- 53 through interference fit
  • the method is installed in the seventh mounting hole 2-68, and the swing arm adjusting frame 2-6 is hinged to the connecting rod 2-7 through the seventh mounting hole 2-68; the second rod body 2-67 is further provided with the eighth mounting hole 2 -69, the pins 2-9 can be mounted in the eighth mounting hole 2-69 by means of a clearance fit, and the second rod 2-67 can swing around the pins 2-9.
  • the first pin 2-53 is mounted on the fifth mounting hole 2-78, the first pin 2-53 is in surface contact with the fifth mounting hole 2-78, and the eccentric 108 is mounted in the sixth.
  • the eccentric wheel 108 is in surface contact with the sixth mounting hole 2-79, and the surface contact manner is such that the contact area between the two parts in contact is relatively large, and the contact is better reduced.
  • the wear between the two parts i.e., the wear between the eccentric 108 and the links 2-7 can be reduced for the present embodiment, and the wear between the links 2-7 and the first pin 2-53 can be reduced).
  • the movement process of the above structure is: when the cam shaft 104 rotates, the swing arm 105 swings around its first rotation center to drive the valve link 102 to perform linear reciprocation to realize opening or closing of the valve 101; due to the second rotation center and the pin 2 -9 coaxial line setting, and the pin 2-9 is fixed, so that the connecting rod 2-7 drives the first pin shaft 2-53 to rotate the swing arm 105 around the axis of the pin 2-9, that is, the swing arm 105 is realized.
  • the second center of rotation is rotated to adjust the position of the first center of rotation such that when the first center of rotation is at a position, a valve lift can be achieved when the first center of rotation is adjusted to be at a different position A different valve lift can be achieved, so the valve lift can be changed depending on the operating conditions of the engine.
  • the pin 2-9 mentioned above may be fixed to the engine cylinder head (not shown), or fixed to the camshaft bearing housing (not shown), or other fixed in the engine.
  • the pin 2-9 is fixed to the shaft 7 of the cam shaft as an example.
  • the second center of rotation and the pins 2-9 may also be disposed as coaxial lines as described above, but may also be different axes, and in the present embodiment, the second center of rotation and the pins 2-9 are preferably coaxially arranged.
  • the swing angle of the swing arm is specifically optimized according to the actual application situation, and therefore the swing angle of the swing arm is not specifically limited in the implementation of the present invention.
  • the first pin shaft 2-53 and the pin 2-9 form a non-relatively movable structure.
  • the valve generally includes an intake valve for supplying an oil-containing gas mixture into the combustion chamber and an exhaust valve for exhausting the exhaust gas generated after combustion. Since the engine usually has a plurality of combustion chambers, at least one or more of each combustion chamber may be installed. Intake valve and / or more than one outlet valve, two or more of the intake or exhaust valves can be driven by the same variable valve lift drive, and the lift of more than two intake or exhaust valves Can be the same or different.
  • VVL variable valve lift driving devices drive two intake valves or outlet valves of the same lift amount as an example for specific description: Referring to FIG. 8 Figure 10, firstly, a needle bearing 2-14, a bushing, a needle bearing 2-14, and then a first pin are mounted in the first through hole of the swing arm 105 in the axial direction by means of a clearance fit.
  • the radius of the arc surface and the arc length are the same, and the lengths of the planes are the same, so that when the cam shaft 104 drives the swing arm roller 2-56, the lift amounts of the two valves can be made the same at the same time.
  • the swing arm 105 swings around the pin 2-9 (coaxial with the second rotation center) through the connecting rod 2-7, and the arc surface and the valve flap of the two working portions 2-57 are shaken.
  • the contact position of the arm roller 2-73 is changed.
  • the cam shaft 104 is rotated to swing a certain angle around its first center of rotation, the lift amount of the two valves can be simultaneously increased or decreased.
  • the VVL drive can achieve variable valve lift continuously, that is, different valve lifts can be realized according to different operating conditions of the engine, and the various operating conditions of the engine can be more effectively responded to. For example, in response to low speed small load or high speed large load conditions, pumping loss and mechanical loss under this condition can be reduced.
  • the working portion 2-57 has a driving surface for driving the movement of the valve link 102, the driving surface including a curved surface tangential to the outer circular surface of the valve rocker roller 2-73, and a plane tangential to the curved surface.
  • the driving surface including a curved surface tangential to the outer circular surface of the valve rocker roller 2-73, and a plane tangential to the curved surface.
  • variable valve lift driving device in this embodiment are substantially the same as those of the first embodiment of the variable valve lift driving device, and therefore, in order not to cause unnecessary blurring in the embodiment of the present invention,
  • This embodiment describes only differences from Embodiment 1 of the variable valve lift driving device, and the same portions are omitted. Further, it should be noted that, although the description of the same points is omitted, the same or similar reference numerals are used in the drawings of the present embodiment for the same features as those of the embodiment 1 of the variable valve lift driving device. Make a representation.
  • the swing arm adjusting frame 3-6 includes a bottom arm 3-61, and is connected to the bottom arm 3-61 and faces the bottom arm.
  • the two side arms 3-62 extending on the same side of 3-61 are connected to the bottom arm 3-61 and extend in the direction of the middle arm 3-63 opposite to the direction in which the side arms 3-62 extend.
  • the first side mounting holes 3-64 are coaxially disposed on the two side arms 3-62, and the swing arm adjusting frame can swing around the first mounting holes 3-64.
  • the two side arms 3-62 are also coaxially provided with a second mounting hole 3-65 corresponding to the first through hole on the swing arm 105, and the second mounting hole 3-65 is provided with a first pin 3-3 53.
  • the variable valve lift driving device described in this embodiment may further include a bearing housing 3-110 between the cam shaft 104 and the swing arm adjusting frame 3-6, and the bearing housing 3-110 is convex downward.
  • a connecting frame 3-111 is extended, and a mounting hole is disposed on the connecting frame 3-111; a pin 3-9 is disposed in the first mounting hole 3-64 of the coaxial line of the middle arm 3-62 and the second rotating center
  • the mounting hole on the connecting frame 3-111 and the first mounting hole 3-64 are movably connected by the pin 3-9; wherein the bearing block 3-110 is also used to support the cam shaft 104.
  • the pins 3-9 can also be attached to the engine head, and the camshaft 104 can also be supported using other structures in the engine head.
  • the middle arm 3-63 can be used to connect the power drive mechanism; wherein the middle arm 3-63 can be provided with an opening 3-153, and the opening 3-153 can be mounted with a slider 3-154, and the slider 3-154 can be There is a receiving hole; and the power driving mechanism may include an eccentric shaft 1081 and a driving unit for driving the rotation of the eccentric shaft 1081; the receiving hole is for engaging with the eccentric 108 on the eccentric shaft 1081.
  • the power driving mechanism is configured to drive the eccentric wheel 108 to rotate in the receiving hole, thereby driving the slider 3-154 to slide in the opening 3-153, and thereby driving the swing arm adjusting frame 3-6 to rotate around the pin 3-9, thereby
  • the purpose of adjusting the position of the first center of rotation is to drive the swing arm 105 to rotate about the central axis of the second center of rotation.
  • the slider 3-154 slides in the opening 3-153, and the surface contact between them reduces the mutual wear, and prolongs the service life of the slider 3-154 and the opening 3-153.
  • the opening 3-153 may be a rectangular opening
  • the slider 3-154 may be a rectangular slider
  • the rectangular slider and the rectangular opening may slide through the groove and the bump.
  • the sliding surface of the rectangular slider is provided with a groove along the sliding direction, and the rectangular opening is provided with a protrusion 3-155 which is slidingly engaged with the groove.
  • the sliding surface of the rectangular slider 3-154 is provided along the sliding direction
  • the bump 3-155 has a groove in the rectangular opening which is in sliding engagement with the protrusion 3-155. The groove is slidingly engaged with the protrusion to limit the displacement of the slider perpendicular to the sliding direction, thereby improving the sliding efficiency of the rectangular slider in the rectangular opening.
  • Fig. 1 1 and Fig. 1 3 ( a ) are only schematic views of the assembly structure of the rectangular opening structure and the rectangular slider structure.
  • the slider 3-154 and the opening 3-153 can also be used with other structures that ensure a sliding fit between the two.
  • the sliding surface of the slider 3-154 may be a V-shaped sliding surface or an inverted V-shaped sliding surface perpendicular to the sliding direction, and the opening 3-153 is provided with V The inverted V-shaped surface of the sliding surface of the sliding surface or the V-shaped surface that is slidingly engaged with the inverted V-shaped sliding surface. Specifically, as shown in FIG.
  • the upper surface of the slider 3-154 perpendicular to the sliding direction is a V-shaped sliding surface
  • the lower surface is an inverted V-shaped sliding surface
  • the upper surface of the opening 3-153 The surface is an inverted V-shaped surface that is slidably engaged with the V-shaped sliding surface
  • the lower surface is a V-shaped surface that is slidably engaged with the inverted V-shaped sliding surface.
  • the upper surface of the slider 3-154 perpendicular to the sliding direction is an inverted V-shaped sliding surface, and the lower surface is a V-shaped sliding surface; correspondingly, the upper surface of the opening 3-153 is inverted
  • the V-shaped surface of the V-shaped sliding surface is slidingly fitted, and the lower surface is an inverted V-shaped surface that is slidingly engaged with the V-shaped sliding surface.
  • the slider 3-154 can slide in the opening 3-153 by a distance of 0 mm to 7 mm.
  • Embodiment 4 of variable valve lift driving device By adjusting the sliding distance of the slider 3-154 in the opening 3-153, the angle of rotation of the swing arm adjusting mechanism about the central axis of the second center of rotation is controlled, thereby adjusting the position of the first center of rotation of the swing arm 105.
  • Embodiment 4 of variable valve lift driving device
  • variable valve lift driving device in this embodiment are substantially the same as those of the first embodiment of the variable valve lift driving device, and therefore, in order not to cause unnecessary blurring in the embodiment of the present invention,
  • This embodiment describes only differences from Embodiment 1 of the variable valve lift driving device, and the same portions are omitted. Further, it should be noted that, although the description of the same points is omitted, the same or similar reference numerals are used in the drawings of the present embodiment for the same features as those of the embodiment 1 of the variable valve lift driving device. Make a representation.
  • the specific structure of the swing arm adjusting frame 4-6 in this embodiment can be referred to the structure shown in FIG.
  • the first mounting hole 4-64 is coaxially disposed on the 4-62, and the first mounting hole 4-64 can fix the mounting pin 4-9 by an interference fit; the two side arms 4-62 are also coaxially a second mounting hole 4-65 corresponding to the second through hole is provided, and the second mounting hole 4-65 can be mounted by the clearance fit to the first pin 4-53, and the swing arm adjusting frame 4-6 surrounds the pin 4- 9 swinging;
  • the top of the middle arm 4-63 abuts the eccentric 108, and the eccentric shaft 1081 of the eccentric 108 is connected with a drive mechanism.
  • the swing arm adjusting frame 4-6 is reciprocally oscillated by the eccentric wheel 108, and in order to prevent the swing arm adjusting frame 4-6 and the eccentric wheel 108 from flying off during the process (ie, The swing arm adjustment frame 4-6 is separated from the eccentric wheel 108), and a reset spring 4-80 such as that shown in FIG. 14 can be arranged, and the return spring 4-80 is fixed (for example, fixed to the engine cylinder head) and abuts against the pendulum
  • the arm adjustment brackets 4-6 are arranged such that the eccentric 108 is always in contact with the swing arm adjustment frame 4-6.
  • a limit boss 4-34 can be provided at the bottom of the middle arm 4-63 of the swing arm adjustment frame 4-6 shown in Fig. 14, the return spring 4- One end of the 80 abuts against the limit boss 4-34. It is of course also possible to provide a groove at the bottom of the middle arm 4-63 of the swing arm adjustment frame 4-6, and one end of the return spring 4-80 projects into and is placed in the groove.
  • the structure shown in this embodiment and the drawings is also merely illustrative and not limited to the structure described in the embodiment.
  • the number of the swing arm 105, the swing arm adjuster 4-6, the cam 1041, and the eccentric 108 mentioned above is two, and the two swing arms are The swing arm rollers each abut against a cam 1041, and each of the swing arm adjustment brackets 4-6 abuts against an eccentric 108.
  • the two swing arm adjustment frames 4-6 may abut against a return spring 4-80 as shown in Fig. 14, or may each abut against a return spring, depending on the actual application.
  • FIG. 15 is another exemplary embodiment of a variable valve lift driving device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Structure diagram. The difference between this embodiment and the embodiment shown in FIG. 14 is that the return spring 4-80 and the eccentric shaft 1081 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 14 are located on the same side of the swing arm adjustment frame 105, and the return spring in this embodiment 4-80 and the eccentric shaft 1081 are located on two different sides of the swing arm adjustment frame 4-6.
  • the layout of the embodiment can balance the force of the swing arm adjusting frame 4-6, that is, the driving force of the eccentric wheel 108 driving the swing arm adjusting frame 4-6 and the return spring 4-80 to the swing arm adjusting frame 4-
  • the force of 6 is located on both sides of the swing arm adjusting frame 4-6, and the swing arm adjusting frame 4-6 is relatively flexible to rotate around the pin 4-9 due to the force equalization.

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Abstract

公开了一种摆臂，其包括摆臂本体（1），摆臂本体（1）上设有第一旋转中心（11）和第二旋转中心（12），摆臂围绕第一旋转中心（11）摆动时驱动气门连杆直线往复运动以实现气门的打开或闭合，摆臂围绕第二旋转中心（12）转动时调整第一旋转中心（11）的位置。还公开了一种具有该摆臂的可变气门升程驱动装置。该可变气门升程驱动装置能够实现气门升程的连续可变，提高零部件的使用寿命，降低发动机的加工成本和燃油消耗量。

Description

一种摆臂及具有该摆臂的可变气门升程驱动装置 本申请要求于：
2012年 12月 31 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 201210594632.6、 发 明名称为 "一种摆臂及具有该摆臂的可变气门升程驱动装置"、
2012年 12月 31 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 201210592675.0、 发 明名称为 "一种可变气门升程驱动装置"、
2012年 12月 31 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 201210594634.5、 发 明名称为 "可变气门升程驱动装置"、
2013年 1 月 15 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 201310016038.3、 发 明名称为 "一种可变气门升程驱动装置"、 以及 2013年 1月 15 日提交中国专利局、申请号为 201310014387.1、 发明名称为 "一种可变气门升程驱动装置" 的 中国专利申请的优先权， 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域 本发明涉及发动机部件，尤其涉及一种摆臂及具有该摆臂的可变气门 升程驱动装置。
背景技术
气门是发动机中的一个重要部件， 用于向发动机内输入燃料并排出燃 烧后的废气。 在发动机领域中， 气门升程指的是气门从刚刚打开到完全打 开所运动的高度， 也就是气门的开启高度。 发动机中使用的凸轮轴的凸轮 型线不同， 所获得的气门升程也不同。 传统发动机的气门升程是固定不变 的， 即其凸轮轴的凸轮型线只有一种， 其升程设计是对发动机在全工况下 的平衡性选择，因此该升程不可能使发动机在高速区和低速区都得到良好 响应，结果是发动机既得不到最佳的高速效率，也得不到最佳的低速扭矩， 只是得到了在全工况下较为平衡的性能。 可变气门升程技术（ VVL , variable valve lift )能够根据发动机的不同 工况改变其气门升程， 使发动机在高速区和低速区都能得到良好的响应， 从而改善发动机的高速功率和低速扭矩。现有的可变气门升程技术按照其 控制效果可分为分段可变气门升程和连续可变气门升程。与分段可变气门 升程相比， 连续可变气门升程可以更好地配合发动机的燃烧系统， 具有一 定的优越性。 现有的可变气门升程驱动装置中， 大多是通过改变凸轮轴的凸轮型线 来获得不同的气门升程。 具体的做法是使用组合式的凸轮轴， 该组合式凸 轮轴上设有多个具有不同型线的凸轮，通过该组合式凸轮轴上的不同凸轮 型线来驱动气门连杆往复运动， 从而使气门升程可变。 但是在使用该可变气门升程驱动装置变换气门升程的过程中， 凸轮轴、 气门连杆等相关零部件均承受了不同程度的冲击载荷，降低了零部件的使 用寿命。 而且组合式的凸轮轴比传统的凸轮轴结构复杂、 质量大， 增加了 发动机的加工成本和燃油消耗量。
发明内容 本发明实施例提供一种摆臂及具有该摆臂的可变气门升程驱动装置， 以提高零部件的使用寿命， 降低发动机的加工成本和燃油消耗量。 为达到上述目的， 本发明实施例釆用如下技术方案： 本发明实施例一方面提供了一种摆臂。 该摆臂包括摆臂本体， 所述摆 臂本体上设有第一旋转中心和第二旋转中心，所述摆臂围绕第一旋转中心 摆动时驱动气门连杆直线往复运动以实现气门的打开与闭合，所述摆臂围 绕第二旋转中心转动时调整所述第一旋转中， ^的位置，以改变具有所述摆 臂的发动机的气门升程。
具体而言， 第一旋转中心为设在摆臂本体上的第一通孔， 第二旋转中 心为设在摆臂本体上的第二通孔。 为减轻摆臂重量并使摆臂受力平衡，所述摆臂本体包括两个相互间隔 且对称设置的凸出部， 第二通孔设置在该两个凸出部上。 而且第二通孔中设有第二旋转轴， 两个所述凸出部之间设有滚子， 滚 子套设在第二旋转轴上，这样能够巧妙地使第二旋转中心的位置临时固定, 以便驱动摆臂围绕第二旋转中心转动。 所述摆臂本体上设有驱动气门连杆直线往复运动的工作部，工作部的 数目为至少两个， 且该至少两个工作部彼此间隔， 这样该至少两个工作部 可以与多个相应的气门摇臂相配合。 本发明实施例另一方面提供了一种可变气门升程驱动装置。 在可变气门升程驱动装置的实施例 1 中，该可变气门升程驱动装置包 括气门、 与气门连接的气门连杆、 与气门连杆连接的气门摇臂、 以及驱动 气门打开或闭合的凸轮轴，在气门摇臂和凸轮轴之间设有摆臂和摆臂调节 架， 摆臂上设有第一旋转中心和第二旋转中心， 凸轮轴转动时带动摆臂围 绕第一旋转中心摆动以驱动气门连杆直线往复运动实现气门的打开或闭 合，摆臂调节架转动时带动摆臂围绕第二旋转中心转动以调节第一旋转中 心的位置， 从而改变气门升程。
具体而言， 第一旋转中心为第一通孔， 第一通孔内设有第一销轴以连 接摆臂和摆臂调节架； 第二旋转中心为第二通孔， 第二通孔内设有第二销 轴， 第二销轴上设有与凸轮轴配合运动的摆臂滚子。 其中， 为使摆臂调节架能够围绕第二销轴转动， 所述第二销轴与所述 摆臂调节架的转动中心同轴线设置。
为了能够驱动摆臂调节架转动， 所述摆臂调节架铰接有连杆， 连杆上 设有孔， 孔内设有偏心轮， 偏心轮的偏心轴连接有驱动机构。 摆臂调节架有多种实现形式，在本发明可变气门升程驱动装置之实施 例 1 中的实现形式为： 所述摆臂调节架包括呈直线型的底臂、 与底臂的端 部垂直相连且朝底臂的同一侧延伸的两个侧臂、以及与底臂的中部垂直相 连且朝底臂的另一相反侧延伸的中臂；两个侧臂上同轴地设有第一安装孔, 摆臂调节架能够围绕第一安装孔转动，两个侧臂上还同轴地设有与所述第 一通孔对应的第二安装孔， 所述第一销轴也穿设在第二安装孔中； 中臂上 设有第三安装孔， 摆臂调节架通过第三安装孔与所述连杆铰接。 所述第一安装孔内设有销钉，以便能够将摆臂调节架铰接在发动机的 其他相关零部件上， 例如铰接在发动机的盖体上， 同时为了防止销钉的轴 向蹿动， 销钉的两端部设有卡簧。 连杆也有多种实现形式， 在本发明可变气门升程驱动装置之实施例 1 中的实现形式为： 所述连杆包括杆体， 杆体的一端设有所述孔、 另一端设 有叉部， 所述中臂插入所述叉部的缝隙中， 且叉部上设有与所述第三安装 孔对应的第四安装孔。 在可变气门升程驱动装置的实施例 2中，所述可变气门升程驱动装置 的结构和功能与上述实施例 1基本上相同，二者的不同之处主要在于摆臂 调节架和连杆的实现形式不同。 连杆在本发明可变气门升程驱动装置之实施例 2中的实现形式为：所 述连杆包括第一杆体、与第一杆体的端部垂直相连且朝第一杆体的同一侧 延伸的两个侧杆、以及与第一杆体的中部垂直相连且朝第一杆体的另一相 反侧延伸的中杆；两个侧杆上同轴地设有与所述第一通孔对应的第五安装 孔， 所述第一销轴也穿设在所述第五安装孔中， 且连杆通过所述第五安装 孔与所述摆臂调节架铰接； 中杆上设有第六安装孔， 第六安装孔安装有偏 心轮， 偏心轮的偏心轴连接有驱动机构。 摆臂调节架在本发明可变气门升程驱动装置之实施例 2 中的实现形 式为： 所述摆臂调节架包括第二杆体； 所述第二杆体上设有与所述第一通 孔对应的第七安装孔， 所述第一销轴也穿设在所述第七安装孔中， 且摆臂 调节架通过所述第七安装孔与所述连杆铰接；所述第二杆体上还设有第八 安装孔， 销钉穿设在第八安装孔内， 摆臂调节架能够围绕所述销钉转动。 在可变气门升程驱动装置的实施例 3中，所述可变气门升程驱动装置 的结构和功能与上述实施例 1基本上相同， 二者的不同之处主要在于： 实 施例 3中未使用连杆， 且摆臂调节架的实现形式也有所不同。 摆臂调节架在本发明可变气门升程驱动装置之实施例 3 中的实现形 式为： 所述摆臂调节架包括底臂、 与所述底臂相连且朝所述底臂的同一侧 中臂； 两个侧臂上同轴地设有第一安装孔， 摆臂调节架能够围绕第一安装 孔摆动； 两个侧臂上还同轴地设有与所述第一通孔对应的第二安装孔， 第 二安装孔内穿设有第一销轴； 所述中臂上设有开口， 所述开口中安装有滑 块， 所述滑块上具有容纳孔， 所述容纳孔内设有偏心轮， 偏心轮的偏心轴 连接有驱动机构。 其中， 所述开口为矩形开口， 所述滑块为矩形滑块； 所述矩形滑块与 所述矩形开口之间通过凹槽和凸块滑动配合。 或者， 所述滑块的滑动面沿 垂直于滑动方向上为 V型滑动面或倒 V型滑动面，所述开口中设有与所述 V型滑动面滑动配合的倒 V型表面或与所述倒 V型滑动面滑动配合的 V型 表面。 在可变气门升程驱动装置的实施例 4中，所述可变气门升程驱动装置 的结构和功能与上述实施例 1基本上相同， 二者的不同之处主要在于： 实 施例 4中未使用连杆， 且摆臂调节架的实现形式也有所不同。 摆臂调节架在本发明可变气门升程驱动装置之实施例 4 中的实现形 式为： 所述摆臂调节架包括呈直线型的底臂、 与底臂的端部垂直相连且朝 底臂的同一侧延伸的两个侧臂、以及与底臂的中部垂直相连且朝底臂的另 一相反侧延伸的中臂； 两个侧臂上同轴地设有第一安装孔， 第一安装孔安 装销钉， 摆臂调节架围绕销钉摆动； 两个侧臂上还同轴地设有与所述第一 通孔对应的第二安装孔， 第二安装孔内穿设有第一销轴； 中臂抵靠有偏心 轮， 偏心轮的偏心轴连接有驱动机构。 对于本发明实施例提供的摆臂及具有该摆臂的可变气门升程驱动装 置而言，使摆臂围绕其第一旋转中心摆动可以驱动气门连杆进行直线往复 运动以实现气门的打开与闭合，使摆臂围绕其第二旋转中' ^转动可以调整 所述第一旋转中心的位置，这样当第一旋转中心位于一个位置处时可以实 现一种气门升程，当调整第一旋转中心使其位于另一个不同位置处时可以 实现另一种不同的气门升程，因此可以根据发动机的不同使用工况对气门 升程进行改变。本发明实施例中实现可变气门升程的方式与现有技术中使 用组合式凸轮轴实现可变气门升程的方式不同，不会由于变更具有不同型 线的凸轮来驱动气门连杆运动而对凸轮轴、气门连杆等零部件产生冲击作 用， 延长了凸轮轴、 气门连杆等相关零部件的使用寿命； 而且由于不会在 凸轮轴上设置多个具有不同型线的凸轮，因此与本发明实施例中的摆臂配 合使用的凸轮轴结构简单、 质量小， 降低了发动机的加工成本和燃油消耗 量。
附图说明 实施例所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍。 图 1为本发明摆臂之实施例 1提供的摆臂的结构示意图；
图 2为调整图 1所示摆臂的第一旋转中心位置的示意图
图 3为在图 1所示摆臂中增加滚子后的示意图；
图 4为本发明摆臂之实施例 2提供的摆臂的结构示意图；
图 5为本发明可变气门升程驱动装置之实施例 1提供的可变气门升程 驱动装置的结构示意图；
图 6为图 5的分解结构示意图；
图 7为图 6中摆臂调节架和连杆连接后的示意图；
图 8为本发明可变气门升程驱动装置之实施例 2提供的可变气门升程 驱动装置的结构示意图；
图 9为图 8的分解结构示意图；
图 10为图 8中摆臂调节架和连杆连接后的示意图。
图 1 1为本发明可变气门升程驱动装置之实施例 3提供的可变气门升 程驱动装置的结构示意图；
图 12为图 1 1所示的可变气门升程驱动装置另一视角的结构示意图； 图 1 3中的 （a ) 为图 11 中开口与滑块一种组装结构剖视图； （b ) 为 图 1 1 中开口与滑块另一种组装结构剖视图； （ c )为图 11 中开口与滑块又 一种组装结构剖视图；
图 14为本发明可变气门升程驱动装置之实施例 4提供的可变气门升 程驱动装置的结构示意图；
图 15为图 14提供的可变气门升程驱动装置改进后的另一种可变气门 升程驱动装置的结构示意图。 具体实施方式 下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进 行清楚地描述。 本发明实施例提供的摆臂包括摆臂本体，摆臂本体上设有第一旋转中 心和第二旋转中心，该摆臂围绕第一旋转中心摆动时驱动气门连杆直线往 复运动以实现气门的打开与闭合，该摆臂围绕第二旋转中' ^转动时调整所 述第一旋转中心的位置。这样当第一旋转中心位于一个位置处时可以实现 一种气门升程，当调整第一旋转中心使其位于另一个不同位置处时可以实 现另一种不同的气门升程，因此可以根据发动机的不同使用工况对气门升 程进行改变。本发明实施例中实现可变气门升程的方式与现有技术中使用 组合式凸轮轴实现可变气门升程的方式不同，不会由于变更具有不同型线 的凸轮来驱动气门连杆运动而对凸轮轴、气门连杆等零部件产生冲击作用， 延长了凸轮轴、 气门连杆等相关零部件的使用寿命； 而且由于不会在凸轮 轴上设置多个具有不同型线的凸轮，因此与本发明实施例中的摆臂配合使 用的凸轮轴结构简单、 质量小， 降低了发动机的加工成本和燃油消耗量。 下面结合附图来佯细说明本发明提供的摆臂的优选实施例。 摆臂之实施例 1 图 1为本发明摆臂之实施例 1提供的摆臂的结构示意图。如图 1所示， 摆臂包括摆臂本体 1 , 摆臂本体 1 上设有第一旋转中心 11 和第二旋转中 心 12 , 本实施例中第一旋转中心 11 为第一通孔， 第二旋转中心 12为第 二通孔。 在图 1 所示的摆放状态下， 摆臂本体 1 的底部还具有工作部 2 , 该工作部 2与气门摇臂的工作面相配合， 当摆臂围绕第一旋转中心 11摆 动时驱动气门摇臂围绕其旋转轴进行相应的摆动，气门摇臂的摆动进而驱 动气门连杆直线往复运动以实现气门的打开或闭合。 需要说明的是， 第一 旋转中心和第二旋转中心的实现形式并不局限于通孔，也可以为与摆臂本 体一体成型的旋转轴的形式， 在这种实现形式下， 摆臂本体并不围绕该一 体成型的旋转轴转动， 而是跟随其一起转动。 图 2为调整图 1所示摆臂的第一旋转中心位置的示意图。如图 2所示， 实线绘制的摆臂为对第一旋转中心的位置调整之前的状态，虚线绘制的摆 臂为对第一旋转中心的位置调整之后的状态。在实线绘制的摆臂放置状态 下， 当驱动摆臂围绕第一旋转中心 11摆动时， 工作部 2作用于气门连杆 使其以一定的高度作直线往复运动，从而驱动气门以一定的升程打开或闭 合， 在此运动过程中， 第一旋转中心 11的位置不变， 第二旋转中心 12围 绕第一旋转中心 11摆动； 当需要实现气门的不同升程时， 使摆臂围绕第 二旋转中心 12转动以调整第一旋转中心 11的位置， 调整后的位置如图 2 的虚线所示。 在该调整过程中， 第二旋转中心 12的位置不变， 第一旋转 中心 11 围绕第二旋转中心 12转动； 调整完成后， 再使摆臂围绕第一旋转 中心 11摆动， 此时摆臂的工作部 2使气门连杆以另一种高度作直线往复 运动， 从而驱动气门以另一种升程打开或闭合。 图 2仅仅示意了第一旋转 中心的两个不同的调整位置， 应当明确， 第一旋转中心可以停留在任何位 置处以适应发动机的不同工况需求， 即可以实现连续可变的气门升程。 从上面描述的气门升程调节过程可知，能够将第一旋转中心称为气门 升程的驱动中心， 并能够将第二旋转中心称为气门升程的调整中心， 因此 本发明实施例提供的摆臂集成了气门升程的驱动中心和调整中心，相比于 将驱动中心和调整中心设置于两个零部件上的结构而言，本发明实施例中 摆臂的这种设置简化了结构， 减少了零部件的使用数量。 此外， 由于在调 整第一旋转中心的位置时第二旋转中心的位置保持不变，因此相对于第二 旋转中心的位置发生改变（例如， 在调整第一旋转中心的位置时第二旋转 中心作平面运动）而言， 摆臂的运动形式简单， 因此摆臂与其他相关零部 件的装配关系也比较简单， 从而降低了其加工精度和装配精度。 如图 1 所示， 摆臂本体 1 包括两个相互间隔且对称设置的凸出部 3 , 第二通孔设置在该两个凸出部 3上。这样一是由于可以将两个凸出部之间 的材料去除， 因此减轻了摆臂的重量； 二是设置了两个凸出部， 能够分散 并平衡穿设在第二通孔中的轴（即下文中的第二旋转轴）的受力， 保证了 摆臂围绕第二旋转中心旋转时的运动平稳性。 需要注意的是， 设在两个凸 出部上的第二通孔具有同轴度的要求，例如可以将二者的同轴度限定在 Φ 0.1的范围内， 以使气门升程的控制更加精确。 图 3为在图 1所示摆臂中增加滚子后的示意图。 如图 3所述， 第二通 孔中穿设有第二旋转轴 4 , 两个凸出部 3之间设有滚子 5 , 滚子 5套设在 第二旋转轴 4上。 设置滚子之后， 可以巧妙地将第二旋转中心的位置临时 固定， 以便驱动摆臂围绕第二旋转中心转动。 具体为将滚子用力抵靠在与 之接触的其他零部件上使滚子固定不动， 例如抵靠在凸轮轴的凸轮上， 然 后驱动摆臂转动以使第二旋转轴相对于滚子旋转，从而使摆臂能够围绕第 二旋转中心旋转。 在摆臂围绕第二旋转中心旋转的运动完成后， 使凸轮轴 转动， 凸轮轴上凸轮的大端抵靠滚子并使滚子带动第二旋转轴、 再由第二 旋转轴带动摆臂围绕第一旋转中心摆动。 尽管未图示， 但可以推论得知能够在第一通孔中穿设第一旋转轴， 从 而使摆臂围绕第一旋转轴转动。 不仅如此， 在驱动摆臂围绕第二旋转中心 转动时， 可以将驱动力直接施加在该第一旋转轴上， 这样仅使第一旋转中 心和第二旋转中心之间的连线转过一定的角度即可，因此能够简便地控制 该连线的角位移量。 再次参见图 1 , 在摆臂本体 1上设有能够容纳复位弹簧的凹槽 6 , 该 复位弹簧带动摆臂围绕第一旋转中'、摆动时复位。复位弹簧的具体实现形 式可以为扭簧， 扭簧的一端设置在凹槽 6中， 另一端固定在其他的零部件 上， 例如固定在驱动摆臂围绕第二旋转中心转动的驱动部上， 该驱动部在 摆臂围绕第一旋转中心摆动时保持位置不变。凸轮轴上凸轮的大端驱动摆 臂在一个方向上转动 （如逆时针方向）， 当凸轮的最大端转动越过滚子 5 之后， 凸轮的小端与滚子 5脱离接触， 此时扭簧带动摆臂围绕第一旋转中 心反方向转动 （如顺时针方向）， 实现摆臂的复位。 凹槽 6使复位弹簧更 容易固定在摆臂上， 安装方便快捷， 提高了摆臂的工作稳定性。
在实际的使用中， 摆臂本体 1为中空结构， 该中空结构不仅能够减轻 摆臂的重量， 而且能够提高摆臂的整体强度。 如图 1所示， 在该中空结构 的侧壁上设有翻边筋 7 , 该翻边筋能够进一步提高摆臂的结构强度和抗冲 击能力。
摆臂之实施例 2
图 4为本发明摆臂之实施例 2提供的摆臂的结构示意图。如图 4所示， 摆臂包括摆臂本体 1 , 摆臂本体 1 上设有第一旋转中心 11 和第二旋转中 心 12 , 本实施例中第一旋转中心 11 为第一通孔， 第二旋转中心 12为第 二通孔。 与图 1所示实施例不同的是， 在图 4所示的摆放状态下， 摆臂本 体 1的底部具有两个工作部 2 , 该两个工作部 2彼此间隔。 在应用中该两 个工作部 2分别与相应气门摇臂的工作面相配合，当摆臂围绕第一旋转中 心 11摆动时驱动气门摇臂围绕其旋转轴进行相应的摆动， 气门摇臂的摆 动进而驱动气门连杆直线往复运动以实现气门的打开与闭合。 通常而言， 发动机的每个气缸都具有两个进气门和两个排气门， 但也 有三个进气门和两个排气门的结构。上述实施例 1 中的摆臂具有一个工作 部， 能够与一个进气门相互配合使用， 因此对于两个进气门就需要使用两 个这样的摆臂。 而本实施例中的摆臂具有两个工作部， 能够与两个进气门 相互配合使用， 因此对于两个进气门可以仅使用一个这样的摆臂， 这节省 了发动机零部件的使用数量， 简化了结构。 当然， 对于具有三个或更多个 进气门的气缸， 也可以在摆臂上设置三个或更多个相应的工作部。
本实施例中， 该两个工作部 2的工作面可以具有不同的曲面形状， 当 具有不同曲面形状的两个工作面分别与相应的气门摇臂配合后，能够驱动 两个气门摇臂产生不同程度的摆动， 从而引起两个气门的不同的升程。
除上述区别之处外， 本实施例中的摆臂结构和功能与上述实施例 1 中摆臂的结构和功能基本相同， 即使存在细微的不同之处， 本领域技术人 员也可以依据本发明的精神以及相应的技术知识通过合理的推论得知，此 处不再佯述。 此外， 本发明还提供了一种可变气门升程装置的实施例， 该可变气门 升程装置使用了上述实施例中描述的摆臂。 可变气门升程驱动装置之实施例 1
图 5为本发明可变气门升程驱动装置之实施例 1提供的可变气门升程 驱动装置的结构示意图， 图 6为图 5 的分解结构示意图。 如图 5和图 6 所示， 该可变气门升程驱动装置包括气门 101、 与气门 101连接的气门连 杆 102、 与气门连杆 102连接的气门摇臂 103、 以及驱动气门打开或闭合 的凸轮轴 104 , 在凸轮轴 104和气门摇臂 103之间设有摆臂 105和摆臂调 节架 1-6 , 摆臂 105上设有第一旋转中心 1 -51和第二旋转中心 1 -52 , 凸轮 轴 104转动时带动摆臂 105 围绕第一旋转中心 1 -51摆动以驱动气门连杆 102直线往复运动实现气门 101的打开或闭合， 摆臂调节架 1-6转动带动 摆臂 105 围绕第二旋转中心 1 -52转动以调节第一旋转中心 1 -51 的位置， 从而改变气门升程。 这样当第一旋转中心位于一个位置处时可以实现一种气门升程，当调 整第一旋转中心使其位于另一个不同位置处时可以实现另一种不同的气 门升程， 因此可以根据发动机的不同使用工况对气门升程进行改变。 本发 现可变气门升程的方式不同，不会由于变更具有不同型线的凸轮来驱动气 门连杆运动而对凸轮轴、气门连杆等零部件产生冲击作用，延长了凸轮轴、 气门连杆等相关零部件的使用寿命；而且由于不会在凸轮轴上设置多个具 有不同型线的凸轮，因此与本发明实施例中的摆臂配合使用的凸轮轴结构 简单、 质量小， 降低了发动机的加工成本和燃油消耗量。
本实施例中第一旋转中心 1 -51具体为第一通孔， 第二旋转中心 1-52 具体为第二通孔， 且第一通孔内设有第一销轴 1 -53以连接摆臂 105和摆 臂调节架 1-6 , 第二通孔内设有第二销轴 1-54 , 第二销轴 1 -54上设有与凸 轮轴 104配合运动的摆臂滚子 1 -56 , 凸轮轴 104驱动摆臂滚子 1-56以使 摆臂 105 围绕第一销轴 1 -53摆动实现气门 101 的打开或闭合， 摆臂调节 架 1-6转动带动摆臂 105围绕第二销轴 1-54转动以调节第一销轴 1-53的 位置。 需要说明的是， 第一旋转中心和第二旋转中心的实现形式并不局限 于通孔，例如可以使摆臂与第一销轴一体成型，或者与第二销轴一体成型， 在这种形式下， 摆臂并不围绕与之一体成型的第一销轴或第二销轴转动， 而是跟随其一起转动。 摆臂滚子 1-56可以巧妙地将第二旋转中心 1-52的位置临时固定， 以 便驱动摆臂 105围绕第二旋转中心 1-52转动。 具体为将摆臂滚子 1-56抵 靠在与之接触的其他零部件上使摆臂滚子 i—56 固定不动， 例如抵靠在凸 轮轴 104的凸轮上， 然后驱动摆臂 105转动以使第二销轴 1-54相对于摆 臂滚子 1-56旋转， 从而使摆臂 105能够围绕第二旋转中心 1-52旋转。 在 摆臂 105 围绕第二旋转中心 1-52旋转的运动完成后， 凸轮轴 104转动， 凸轮轴 104上的凸轮的大端抵靠摆臂滚子 1-56并使摆臂滚子 1-56带动第 二销轴 1-54、 再由第二销轴 1-54带动摆臂 105围绕第一旋转中心 1-51摆 动。 从图 6可以看出，摆臂 105具有两个工作部 1-57,该两个工作部 1-57 彼此间隔。 在实际使用中， 该两个工作部 1-57分别与相应气门摇臂的工 作面相配合，因此可以仅使用一个这样的摆臂 105而同时驱动两个气门摇 臂 103。 其中， 该两个工作部 1-57 的工作面可以具有不同的曲面形状， 当具有不同曲面形状的两个工作面分别与相应的气门摇臂 103配合后，能 够驱动两个气门摇臂 103 产生不同程度的摆动， 从而引起两个气门 101 的不同的升程。 其中， 摆臂调节架 1-6铰接在发动机的位置固定的零部件 1016上， 例如铰接在发动机的盖体上， 摆臂调节架 1-6能够围绕铰接处转动， 因此 其转动中心即为该铰接处。 本实施例中， 第二销轴 1-54与摆臂调节架 1-6 的转动中心同轴线设置， 因此摆臂调节架 1-6能够围绕第二销轴 1-54的 轴线转动， 从而调整第一销轴 1-53即第一旋转中心的位置。 为使摆臂调节架能够绕其转动中心转动， 如图 6和图 7所示， 摆臂调 节架 1-6铰接有连杆 1-7, 连杆 1-7上设有孔 1-72, 孔 1-72内设有偏心轮 108, 偏心轮 108的偏心轴 1081连接有驱动机构。 这样当驱动机构驱动偏 心轴 1081 转动时， 偏心轴 1081 带动偏心轮 108一起转动， 偏心轮 108 的转动带动连杆 1-7做平面运动， 从而使连杆 1-7带动摆臂调节架 1-6绕 其转动中心转动。 其中偏心轮 108与孔 1-72之间的接触为面接触， 而不 是线接触， 因此与线接触相比面接触使得零件间的接触面积较大， 零件的 磨损较小， 零件较难失效， 因此可以使用较长的时间而不需要更换。 如图 6所示， 摆臂调节架 1-6包括呈直线型的底臂 1-61、 与底臂 1-61 的端部垂直相连且朝底臂 1-61 的同一侧延伸的两个侧臂 1-62、 以及与底 臂 1-61的中部垂直相连且朝底臂 1-61的另一相反侧延伸的中臂 1-63。 两个侧臂 1-62上同轴地设有第一安装孔 1-64, 通过插入在第一安装 孔 1-64内的销钉 1-9能够将摆臂调节架 1-6铰接在发动机的位置固定的零 部件 1016上， 从而使摆臂调节架 1-6能够围绕第一安装孔 1-64转动， 此 时摆臂调节架 1-6的铰接处即第一安装孔 1-64或者销钉 1-9成为摆臂调节 架 6 的转动中心， 即第一安装孔 1-64 (或者销钉 1-9) 与第二销轴 1-54 同轴线设置。 其中， 设在第一安装孔 1-64 内的销钉 1-9的两端部设有卡 簧 1-13, 卡簧 1-13能够防止销钉 1-9的轴向蹿动。 此外， 两个侧臂 1-62上还同轴地设有与第一通孔对应的第二安装孔 1-65, 第一销轴 1-53也穿设在第二安装孔 1-65中， 将第一销轴 1-53穿过 第一通孔和第二安装孔 1-65能够使摆臂 105和摆臂调节架 1-6连接起来。 其中第一销轴 1-53与第一通孔之间的配合为间隙配合， 即摆臂 105能够 围绕第一销轴 1-53 自由转动， 这样当摆臂调节架 1-6绕其转动中心转动 时能够带动第一销轴 1 -53转动 ,以改变摆臂 105的第一旋转中心的位置。 第一销轴 1-53与第二安装孔 1-65之间的配合为过盈配合， 即摆臂调节架 1-6不能相对于第一销轴 1-53进行转动， 当凸轮轴 104上的凸轮的大端压 迫摆臂滚子 1-56时， 摆臂滚子 1-56并不绕着第一销轴 1-53旋转， 而是带 动第一销轴 1-53并进而带动摆臂 105围绕第二销轴 1-54转动， 在凸轮的 最大端越过摆臂滚子 1-56后， 凸轮的小端与摆臂滚子 1-56脱离接触， 从 而使得摆臂 105能够在复位弹簧的作用下绕第一销轴 53 回位。 其中， 虽 然图 6未示出复位弹簧的位置，但是本领域的技术人员能够根据复位弹簧 所起的作用对其位置进行合理的设置，因此这里不再对其设置位置进行佯 细说明。
为使第一销轴 1-53和第一通孔之间具有更好的相对运动， 如图 6所 示， 在第一销轴 1-53和第一通孔之间设有轴承 1-14, 该轴承可以选用滚 针轴承， 滚针轴承的径向厚度较小， 适合于放置在第一销轴 1-53 与第一 通孔之间的狭小空间内。 但并不局限于此， 如果空间允许， 也可以使用其 他形式的轴承， 如圓珠滚子轴承等。 具体而言， 轴承 1-14的数目为两个， 该两个轴承均套在第一销轴 1-53上且与第一销轴 1-53间隙配合， 因此为 避免轴承 1-14在第一销轴 1-53上产生轴向运动， 可以在该两个轴承 1-14 之间的第一销轴 1-53上套设抵挡轴承 1-14的衬套（未图示），应当清楚， 滚针轴承的数目可以不局限于两个。 此外， 在第一销轴 1-53 的两端还设 有卡簧 1-13, 卡簧 1-13用于防止第一销轴 1-53的轴向蹿动。
如图 8所示， 摆臂调节架 1-6的中臂 1-63上设有第三安装孔 1-66, 摆臂调节架 1-6通过第三安装孔 1-66与连杆 1-7铰接。连杆 1-7做平面运 动时， 能够带动摆臂调节架 1-6绕第一安装孔 1-64转动。
如图 6所示， 连杆 1-7包括杆体 1-71, 杆体 1-71 的一端设有所述孔 1-72、 另一端设有叉部 1-73。 图 7为图 6中摆臂调节架与连杆连接后的示 意图，如图 7所示，摆臂调节架 1-6的中臂 1-63插入叉部 1-73的缝隙中， 且叉部 1-73上设有与第三安装孔 1-66对应的第四安装孔 1-74, 在第三安 装孔 1-66和第四安装孔 1-74中插入连杆销钉 1-10, 就能够将摆臂调节架 1-6和连杆 1-7装配在一起。
再次参见图 5和图 6, 与偏心轴 1081连接的所述驱动机构包括与偏 心轴 1081连接的蜗轮 1011、 与蜗轮 1011啮合的蜗杆 1012、 以及与蜗杆 1012 连接的驱动源， 驱动源可以为电机， 或者可以为电机以及与电机连 接的变速机构， 如减速器。 驱动源驱动蜗杆 1012旋转， 蜗杆 1012带动与 之啮合的涡轮 1011转动， 从而使涡轮 1011 带动与之连接的偏心轴 1081 转动， 这样偏心轴 1081上的偏心轮 1-8转动就能带动连杆 1-7做平面运 动。
连杆 1 -7做平面运动即带动摆臂调节架 1-6绕第一安装孔 1 -64转动， 这也使得摆臂 105的第一销轴 1 -53绕第一安装孔 1 -64转动， 由于第一安 装孔 1-64与第二销轴 1 -54同轴线设置， 因此可以实现摆臂 105的第一旋 转中心 1 -51 围绕第二旋转中心 1 -52转动， 进而改变了气门升程。 如图 5所示 (图 6中省略了液压挺柱的绘制 ), 气门摇臂 103上还连 接有液压挺柱 1015 , 液压挺柱 1015能够使凸轮轴 104上的凸轮与摆臂滚 子 1 -56之间的接触、 以及气门摇臂 103与摆臂 105的工作部 1-57之间的 接触保持零间隙。 可变气门升程驱动装置之实施例 2
本实施例中可变气门升程驱动装置的结构和功能与上述可变气门升 程驱动装置之实施例 1的结构和功能基本上相同，因此为了不使本发明实 施例产生不必要的模糊，本实施例仅描述与可变气门升程驱动装置之实施 例 1的不同之处， 相同之处予以省略。 此外需要注意的是， 虽然省略了相 同之处的描述，但对于与可变气门升程驱动装置之实施例 1的特征相同的 特征， 本实施例附图中釆用相同或类似的附图标记进行表示。 图 8为本发明可变气门升程驱动装置之实施例 2提供的可变气门升程 驱动装置的结构示意图； 图 9为图 8 的分解结构示意图。 如图 8和图 9 所示， 本实施例中的连杆 2-7 包括第一杆体 2-75、 与第一杆体 2-75的端 部垂直相连且朝第一杆体 2-75的同一侧延伸的两个侧杆 2-76、 以及与第 一杆体 2-75的中部垂直相连且朝第一杆体 2-75的另一相反侧延伸的中杆 2-77 ; 其中， 两个侧杆 2-76 上同轴地设有与第一通孔对应的第五安装孔 2-78 , 第一销轴 2-53 可以通过间隙配合的方式安装在该第五安装孔 2-78 内， 且连杆 2-7通过第五安装孔 2-78与摆臂调节架 2-6铰接； 中杆 2-77 设有第六安装孔 2-79 , 第六安装孔 2-79中安装有偏心轮 108 , 偏心轮 108 的偏心轴 1081连接有驱动机构。
本实施例中的摆臂调节架 2-6包括第二杆体 2-67 , 第二杆体 2-67上 设有与第一通孔对应的第七安装孔 2-68、 第一销轴 2-53通过过盈配合的 方式安装在第七安装孔 2-68 内， 且摆臂调节架 2-6通过第七安装孔 2-68 与连杆 2-7铰接； 第二杆体 2-67还设有第八安装孔 2-69 , 销钉 2-9可以 通过间隙配合的方式安装在第八安装孔 2-69内， 且该第二杆体 2-67能够 围绕销钉 2-9摆动。 不难看出，将第一销轴 2-53安装在第五安装孔 2-78后，第一销轴 2-53 与第五安装孔 2-78为面接触， 将偏心轮 108安装在第六安装孔 2-79后， 偏心轮 108与第六安装孔 2-79为面接触， 这种面接触的方式会使相接触 的两零件之间的接触面积比较大，较好地减少相接触的两零件之间的磨损 (即对于本实施例可以减小偏心轮 108与连杆 2-7之间的磨损， 以及减少 连杆 2-7与第一销轴 2-53之间的磨损）。 同时还需要说明的是， 连杆 2-7和第一销轴 2-53之间形成一个运动 副， 摆臂调节架 2-6和销钉 2-9之间形成另一个运动副。 不难看出， 该两 个运动副结构均比较简单， 两个铰接运动副的结构强度大， 而且运动副的 数量相对较少，这样还比较有利于整个 V VL驱动装置的结构强度。同时， 这也是本实施例与可变气门升程驱动装置之实施例 1 相比的更为优选之 处。 上述结构的运动过程为：凸轮轴 104转动时带动摆臂 105围绕其第一 旋转中心摆动可以驱动气门连杆 102 进行直线往复运动以实现气门 101 的打开或闭合； 由于第二旋转中心与销钉 2-9同轴线设置， 且销钉 2-9固 定不动， 因此连杆 2-7驱动第一销轴 2-53 时带动摆臂 105 围绕销钉 2-9 的轴线转动， 即实现摆臂 105围绕其第二旋转中心转动， 以调整第一旋转 中心的位置，这样当第一旋转中心位于一个位置处时可以实现一种气门升 程，当调整第一旋转中心使其位于另一个不同位置处时可以实现另一种不 同的气门升程，因此可以根据发动机的不同使用工况对气门升程进行改变。 上述提到的销钉 2-9 固定不动可以为固定在发动机缸盖 （图中未示） 上， 或者固定在凸轮轴的轴承座（图中未示）上， 或者是其它固定于发动 机内的结构， 为了便于解释， 下面的实施例中均以销钉 2-9固定在凸轮轴 的轴 7 座上为例而进行说明。 另外， 第二旋转中心和销钉 2-9也可以如上述所讲为同轴线设置， 但 也可以不同轴线，在本实施例中优选地将第二旋转中心和销钉 2-9同轴线 设置， 这样便于优化设置气门升程量、 摆臂的摆动角度等其它参数， 以使 摆臂的运动比较简单而灵活。 补充说明的是， 摆臂的摆动角度根据实际的 应用情况而具体优化设定，因此在本发明实施中不对摆臂的摆动角度做具 体的限定。 从前文所述可以看出， 第一销轴 2-53和销钉 2-9形成一个不可相对 运动的结构， 由于销钉 2-9固定在凸轮轴 104的轴 座上， 因此该轴 座 对第一销轴 2-53 的轴向进行定位， 同时结合图 10 不难看出， 这样摆臂 105在偏心轮 108和第一销轴 2-53 的共同作用下保证摆臂 105与气门摇 臂滚子 2-73的相对位置不发生变化。 从上述内容中还可以知道，摆臂 105在凸轮轴 104的驱动下做往复摆 动， 而为了在此过程中避免摆臂 105 发生飞脱的现象 （即摆臂滚子 2-56 与凸轮 1041分离），可以布置一个例如图 8或图 9所示的涨紧弹簧 2-90 , 该涨紧弹簧 2-90 中间部分固定在发动机缸盖上、 两端接触摆臂 105 , 这 样可以使摆臂滚子 2-56始终与凸轮 1041保持接触。 气门通常包括用于向燃烧室内提供含油的气体混合物的进气门和用 于排出燃烧后产生的废气的出气门， 由于发动机内通常具有多个燃烧室， 每个燃烧室内可以安装至少一个以上的进气门和 /或一个以上的出气门， 其中两个以上的进气门或出气门可以由同一个可变气门升程驱动装置来 驱动， 且两个以上进气门或出气门的升程可以相同或不同。 为了可以使读 者清楚地了解本发明， 下面以同一个可变气门升程（ VVL )驱动装置驱动 两个升程量相同的进气门或出气门为例来进行具体地说明： 参照图 8 至图 10 , 首先通过间隙配合的方式沿轴向依次在摆臂 105 的第一通孔内安装一个滚针轴承 2- 14、 一个衬套、 一个滚针轴承 2- 14 , 然后将第一销轴 2-53 沿第一通孔的一端压入两个滚针轴承 2- 14和衬套， 并使第一销轴 2-53的两端均伸出第一通孔的两端， 在第一销轴 2-53两端 伸出第一通孔的部分通过间隙配合的方式安装在连杆 2-7 的第五安装孔 2-78 内 , 连杆 2-7的第六安装孔 2-79安装偏心轴 1081 , 并使偏心轮 108 与第六安装孔 2-79面接触。 在图 9所示的摆放状态下， 摆臂 105的顶部 设置一个摆臂滚子 2-56、 底部设置两个工作部 2-57 , 两个工作部 2-57上 的具有相同的驱动面， 即弧面的半径、 弧长相同， 平面的长度均相同， 这 样在凸轮轴 104驱动摆臂滚子 2-56时， 可以同时使两个气门的升程量相 同。
偏心轮 108在转动时通过连杆 2-7带动摆臂 105绕销钉 2-9 (与第二 旋转中心同轴线） 摆动一定角度， 这时两个工作部 2-57 的弧面与气门摇 臂滚子 2-73的接触位置发生改变。 在凸轮轴 104转动时带动摆臂 105 围 绕其第一旋转中心摆动一定角度后，可以同时使两个气门的升程量同时增 大或减小。不难再次看出， VVL驱动装置可以实现连续地可变气门升程， 即可以根据发动机的不同工况来实现不同的气门的升程，比较有效地响应 地发动机的各种工况。 例如对于响应低速小负荷或高速大负荷工况而言， 可以降低该工况下的泵气损失和机械损失。 工作部 2-57具有驱动气门连杆 102运动的驱动面， 该驱动面包括与 气门摇臂滚子 2-73的外圓面相切的弧面、以及与弧面相切的平面。在 VVL 不工作的状态下 （即气门连杆 102在静止状态下）， 弧面与气门摇臂滚子 2-73的外圓面接触， 在 VVL工作的状态下， 平面与气门摇臂滚子 2-73的 外圓面接触。 如果改变上述其中一个工作部 2-57 的弧面的半径、 弧长， 以及平面的长度， 便可以实现同一个可变气门升程（ VVL )驱动装置两个 升程量不相同的进气门或出气门。 可变气门升程驱动装置之实施例 3
本实施例中可变气门升程驱动装置的结构和功能与上述可变气门升 程驱动装置之实施例 1的结构和功能基本上相同，因此为了不使本发明实 施例产生不必要的模糊，本实施例仅描述与可变气门升程驱动装置之实施 例 1的不同之处， 相同之处予以省略。 此外需要注意的是， 虽然省略了相 同之处的描述，但对于与可变气门升程驱动装置之实施例 1的特征相同的 特征， 本实施例附图中釆用相同或类似的附图标记进行表示。 在本实施例描述的可变气门升程驱动装置中， 如图 11和 12所示， 所 述摆臂调节架 3-6 包括底臂 3-61、 与底臂 3-61相连且朝底臂 3-61 的同 一侧延伸的两个侧臂 3-62、 与底臂 3-61相连且延伸方向与侧臂 3-62延 伸方向相反的中臂 3-63。 两个侧臂 3-62上同轴地设有第一安装孔 3-64, 摆臂调节架能够围绕 第一安装孔 3-64摆动。两个侧臂 3-62上还同轴的设有与摆臂 105上的第 一通孔对应的第二安装孔 3-65, 第二安装孔 3-65 内设有第一销轴 3-53。 如图 11所示， 本实施例描述的可变气门升程驱动装置还可以包括位于凸 轮轴 104及摆臂调节架 3-6之间的轴承座 3-110, 轴承座 3-110向下凸伸 有连接架 3-111, 且连接架 3-111上设有安装孔； 中臂 3-62上与第二旋 转中心的同轴线的第一安装孔 3-64 内设有销钉 3-9, 连接架 3-111上的 安装孔与第一安装孔 3-64通过销钉 3-9活动连接； 其中， 轴承座 3-110 还用于支承凸轮轴 104。 当然， 销钉 3-9也可以固定在发动机缸盖上， 同 样凸轮轴 104也可以使用发动机缸盖中的其他结构来支承。 中臂 3-63可以用于连接动力驱动机构； 其中， 中臂 3-63上可以设有 开口 3-153, 开口 3-153中可以安装有滑块 3-154, 滑块 3-154上可以具 有容纳孔；且，动力驱动机构可以包括偏心轴 1081及用于驱动偏心轴 1081 旋转的驱动单元； 容纳孔用于与偏心轴 1081上的偏心轮 108配合。 动力驱动机构用于驱动偏心轮 108 在容纳孔内旋转， 从而带动滑块 3-154在开口 3-153中滑动，并以此带动摆臂调节架 3-6绕销钉 3-9转动， 以此驱动摆臂 105绕第二旋转中心的中心轴转动，实现调节第一旋转中心 的位置的目的。 且滑块 3-154在开口 3-153中滑动， 两者之间为面接触， 减少相互之间的磨损， 延长了滑块 3-154与开口 3-153的使用寿命。 本实施例描述的可变气门升程驱动装置中，开口 3-153可以为矩形开 口， 滑块 3-154可以为矩形滑块， 矩形滑块与矩形开口之间可以通过凹槽 和凸块滑动配合。 如图 11所示， 矩形滑块的滑动面上沿滑动方向设有凹 槽， 矩形开口中设有与凹槽滑动配合的凸块 3-155。 或， 如图 13 ( a ) 所示， 矩形滑块 3-154的滑动面上沿滑动方向设有 凸块 3-155，矩形开口中设有与凸块 3-155 滑动配合的凹槽。 凹槽与凸块 滑动配合， 限制滑块垂直于滑动方向上的位移， 提高矩形滑块在矩形开口 中的滑动效率。
图 1 1 和图 1 3 ( a ) 仅为矩形开口结构与矩形滑块结构的组装结构示 意图。 当然， 滑块 3-154与开口 3-153也可以釆用能够保证两者之间滑动 配合的其他结构。 本实施例描述的可变气门升程驱动装置中， 滑块 3-154 的滑动面沿垂直于滑动方向上可以为 V型滑动面或倒 V型滑动面， 开口 3-153中设有与 V型滑动面滑动配合的倒 V型表面或与倒 V型滑动面滑动 配合的 V型表面。 具体可以为， 如图 1 3 ( b ) 所示， 滑块 3-154垂直于滑动方向的上表 面为 V型滑动面， 下表面为倒 V型滑动面； 相应的， 开口 3-153的上表面 为与 V型滑动面滑动配合的倒 V型表面，下表面为与倒 V型滑动面滑动配 合的 V型表面。 如图 1 3 ( c ) 所示， 滑块 3-154垂直于滑动方向的上表面为倒 V型滑 动面， 下表面为 V型滑动面； 相应的， 开口 3-153的上表面为与倒 V型滑 动面滑动配合的 V型表面，下表面为与 V型滑动面滑动配合的倒 V型表面。 本实施例描述的可变气门升程驱动装置中， 滑块 3-154在开口 3-153 中滑动的距离可以为 0mm-7mm。 通过调整滑块 3-154在开口 3-153中的滑 动距离， 控制摆臂调节机构绕第二旋转中心的中心轴转动的角度， 从而调 整摆臂 1 05第一旋转中心的位置。 可变气门升程驱动装置之实施例 4
本实施例中可变气门升程驱动装置的结构和功能与上述可变气门升 程驱动装置之实施例 1的结构和功能基本上相同，因此为了不使本发明实 施例产生不必要的模糊，本实施例仅描述与可变气门升程驱动装置之实施 例 1的不同之处， 相同之处予以省略。 此外需要注意的是， 虽然省略了相 同之处的描述，但对于与可变气门升程驱动装置之实施例 1的特征相同的 特征， 本实施例附图中釆用相同或类似的附图标记进行表示。 本实施例中的摆臂调节架 4-6具体结构可以参照图 14所示的结构， 包括呈直线型的底臂 4-61、 与底臂 4-61的端部垂直相连且朝底臂 4-61的 同一侧延伸的两个侧臂 4-62、 以及与底臂 4-61 的中部垂直相连且朝底臂 4-61的另一相反侧延伸的中臂 4-63 ; 两个侧臂 4-62上同轴地设有第一安 装孔 4-64 , 第一安装孔 4-64可通过过盈配合的方式固定安装销钉 4-9; 两 个侧臂 4-62上还同轴地设有与第二通孔对应的第二安装孔 4-65 , 第二安 装孔 4-65可通过间隙配合的方式安装第一销轴 4-53 , 摆臂调节架 4-6 围 绕销钉 4-9摆动； 在图 14的摆放状态下， 中臂 4-63的顶部抵靠有偏心轮 108 , 偏心轮 108的偏心轴 1081连接有驱动机构。
从上述内容中可以知道，摆臂调节架 4-6在偏心轮 108的驱动下做往 复摆动， 而为了在此过程中避免摆臂调节架 4-6与偏心轮 108发生飞脱的 现象 (即摆臂调节架 4-6与偏心轮 108分离 ), 可以布置一个例如图 14所 示的复位弹簧 4-80 , 该复位弹簧 4-80固定 （例如固定于发动机缸盖上） 且抵靠于摆臂调节架 4-6上， 这样可以使偏心轮 108始终保持与摆臂调节 架 4-6接触。
为了保证复位弹簧 4-80始终位于发动机内的一个固定位置， 可以在 图 14所示的摆臂调节架 4-6的中臂 4-63底部设有限位凸台 4-34 , 复位弹 簧 4-80的一端抵靠在该限位凸台 4-34上。 当然也可以在摆臂调节架 4-6 的中臂 4-63底部设有凹槽，复位弹簧 4-80的一端伸入并 4氐靠于该凹槽内。 本实施例以及图中所示的结构也仅为举例说明，而不限于该实施例所述的 结构。
在此情况下， 作为本实施例可选的方案， 前述提及的摆臂 105、 摆臂 调节架 4-6、 凸轮 1041 以及偏心轮 108 的数目均为两个， 其中两个摆臂 上的摆臂滚子各自抵靠一个凸轮 1041 , 两个摆臂调节架 4-6各自抵靠一 个偏心轮 108。 其中， 两个摆臂调节架 4-6可以为图 14所示的共同抵靠 一个复位弹簧 4-80 , 也可以各自抵靠一个复位弹簧， 具体可以视实际应 用情况而定。
图 15是本发明实施例提供的可变气门升程驱动装置的另一种示例性 的结构图。 本实施例与图 14所示的实施例的区别在于： 图 14所示的实施 例中的复位弹簧 4-80和偏心轴 1081位于摆臂调节架 105的同侧， 本实施 例中的复位弹簧 4-80和偏心轴 1081位于摆臂调节架 4-6的两不同侧。 本 实施例的此种布局可以使摆臂调节架 4-6的受力比较平衡， 即偏心轮 108 驱动摆臂调节架 4-6的驱动力和复位弹簧 4-80对摆臂调节架 4-6的作用力 位于摆臂调节架 4-6的两侧， 摆臂调节架 4-6会由于受力均衡而比较灵活 地绕销钉 4-9转动。
以上， 仅为本发明的具体实施方式， 但本发明的保护范围并不局限于 此， 任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内， 可轻易 想到变化或替换， 都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。 因此， 本发明的保 护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种摆臂， 其特征在于， 包括摆臂本体， 所述摆臂本体上设有第一 旋转中心和第二旋转中心， 所述摆臂围绕第一旋转中心摆动时驱动气门连 杆直线往复运动以实现气门的打开或闭合， 所述摆臂围绕第二旋转中心转 动时调整所述第一旋转中' ^的位置， 以改变具有所述摆臂的发动机的气门 升程。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的摆臂， 其特征在于， 第一旋转中心为设在摆 臂本体上的第一通孔， 第二旋转中心为设在摆臂本体上的第二通孔。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的摆臂， 其特征在于， 所述摆臂本体包括两个 相互间隔且对称设置的凸出部， 第二通孔设置在该两个凸出部上。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的摆臂， 其特征在于， 第二通孔中设有第二旋 转轴， 两个所述凸出部之间设有滚子， 滚子套设在第二旋转轴上。
5、 根据权利要求 1-4中任一项所述的摆臂， 其特征在于， 所述摆臂本 体上设有驱动气门连杆直线往复运动的工作部，工作部的数目为至少两个， 且该至少两个工作部彼此间隔。
6、 一种可变气门升程驱动装置， 包括气门、 与气门连接的气门连杆、 与气门连杆连接的气门摇臂、 以及驱动气门打开或闭合的凸轮轴， 其特征 在于， 在气门摇臂和凸轮轴之间设有摆臂和摆臂调节架， 摆臂上设有第一 旋转中心和第二旋转中心， 凸轮轴转动时带动摆臂围绕第一旋转中心摆动 以驱动气门连杆直线往复运动实现气门的打开或闭合， 摆臂调节架转动时 带动摆臂围绕第二旋转中' ^转动以调节第一旋转中心的位置， 从而改变气 门升程。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的气门升程驱动装置， 其特征在于， 第一旋转 中心为第一通孔， 第一通孔内设有第一销轴以连接摆臂和摆臂调节架； 第 二旋转中心为第二通孔， 第二通孔内设有第二销轴， 第二销轴上设有与凸 轮轴配合运动的摆臂滚子。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的气门升程驱动装置， 其特征在于， 所述第二 销轴与所述摆臂调节架的转动中心同轴线设置。
9、 根据权利要求 7或 8所述的可变气门升程驱动装置， 其特征在于， 所述摆臂调节架铰接有连杆， 连杆上设有孔， 孔内设有偏心轮， 偏心轮的 偏心轴连接有驱动机构。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的可变气门升程驱动装置， 其特征在于， 所 述摆臂调节架包括呈直线型的底臂、 与底臂的端部垂直相连且朝底臂的同 一侧延伸的两个侧臂、 以及与底臂的中部垂直相连且朝底臂的另一相反侧 延伸的中臂；
两个侧臂上同轴地设有第一安装孔， 摆臂调节架能够围绕第一安装孔 转动， 两个侧臂上还同轴地设有与所述第一通孔对应的第二安装孔， 所述 第一销轴也穿设在第二安装孔中；
中臂上设有第三安装孔，摆臂调节架通过第三安装孔与所述连杆铰接。
11、 根据权利要求 10所述的可变气门升程驱动装置， 其特征在于， 所 述连杆包括杆体， 杆体的一端设有容纳所述偏心轮的所述孔、 另一端设有 叉部， 所述中臂插入所述叉部的缝隙中， 且叉部上设有与所述第三安装孔 对应的第四安装孔。
12、 根据权利要求 10所述的可变气门升程驱动装置， 其特征在于， 所 述第一安装孔内设有销钉， 销钉的两端部设有卡簧。
13、 根据权利要求 6所述的可变气门升程驱动装置， 其特征在于， 还 包括第一销轴、 第二销轴、 销钉和连杆；
所述第一旋转中心连接所述第一销轴， 且与所述第一销轴同轴设置， 所述第一销轴连接所述连杆和所述摆臂调节架；
所述第二旋转中心与所述第二销轴同轴设置；
所述销钉与所述第二销轴同轴线设置， 且所述销钉固定不动， 所述销 钉连接所述摆臂调节架。
14、 根据权利要求 13所述的可变气门升程驱动装置， 其特征在于， 第 一旋转中心为设在摆臂上的第一通孔， 第一销轴安装在第一通孔内； 第二 旋转中心为设在摆臂上的第二通孔， 第二销轴安装在第二通孔内， 且第二 销轴上安装有摆臂滚子， 摆臂滚子与凸轮轴上的凸轮相接触。
15、 根据权利要求 14所述的可变气门升程驱动装置， 其特征在于， 所 述连杆包括第一杆体、 与第一杆体的端部垂直相连且朝第一杆体的同一侧 延伸的两个侧杆、 以及与第一杆体的中部垂直相连且朝第一杆体的另一相 反侧延伸的中杆；
两个侧杆上同轴地设有与所述第一通孔对应的第五安装孔， 所述第 ― 销轴也穿设在所述第五安装孔中， 且连杆通过所述第五安装孔与所述摆臂 调节架铰接；
中杆上设有第六安装孔， 第六安装孔安装有偏心轮， 偏心轮的偏心轴 连接有驱动机构。
16、 根据权利要求 15所述的可变气门升程驱动装置， 其特征在于， 所 述摆臂调节架包括第二杆体；
所述第二杆体上设有与所述第一通孔对应的第七安装孔， 所述第一销 轴也穿设在所述第七安装孔中， 且摆臂调节架通过所述第七安装孔与所述 连杆铰接；
所述第二杆体上还设有第八安装孔， 所述销钉穿设在第八安装孔内， 摆臂调节架能够围绕所述销钉转动。
17、 根据权利要求 14-16 中任一项所述的可变气门升程驱动装置， 其 特征在于， 还包括涨紧弹簧， 涨紧弹簧的中间部分固定、 两端接触摆臂以 使凸轮始终保持与摆臂滚子接触。
18、 根据权利要求 7所述的可变气门升程驱动装置， 其特征在于， 所 述摆臂调节架包括底臂、 与所述底臂相连且朝所述底臂的同一侧延伸的两 两个侧臂上同轴地设有第一安装孔， 摆臂调节架能够围绕第一安装孔 摆动； 两个侧臂上还同轴地设有与所述第一通孔对应的第二安装孔， 第二 安装孔内穿设有第一销轴； 所述中臂上设有开口， 所述开口中安装有滑块， 所述滑块上具有容纳 孔， 所述容纳孔内设有偏心轮， 偏心轮的偏心轴连接有驱动机构。
19、 根据权利要求 18所述的可变气门升程驱动装置， 其特征在于， 所述开口为矩形开口， 所述滑块为矩形滑块； 所述矩形滑块与所述矩 形开口之间通过凹槽和凸块滑动配合； 或者，
所述滑块的滑动面沿垂直于滑动方向上为 V型滑动面或倒 V型滑动面， 所述开口中设有与所述 V型滑动面滑动配合的倒 V型表面或与所述倒 V型 滑动面滑动配合的 V型表面。
20、 根据权利要求 7所述的可变气门升程驱动装置， 其特征在于， 所 述摆臂调节架包括呈直线型的底臂、 与底臂的端部垂直相连且朝底臂的同 一侧延伸的两个侧臂、 以及与底臂的中部垂直相连且朝底臂的另一相反侧 延伸的中臂；
两个侧臂上同轴地设有第一安装孔， 第一安装孔安装销钉， 摆臂调节 架围绕销钉摆动； 两个侧臂上还同轴地设有与所述第一通孔对应的第二安 装孔， 第二安装孔内穿设有第一销轴；
中臂抵靠有偏心轮， 偏心轮的偏心轴连接有驱动机构。
PCT/CN2013/090808 2012-12-31 2013-12-28 一种摆臂及具有该摆臂的可变气门升程驱动装置 WO2014101853A1 (zh)

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JP2004183518A (ja) * 2002-11-29 2004-07-02 Otics Corp 可変動弁機構
WO2004081351A1 (ja) * 2003-03-11 2004-09-23 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha 内燃機関の可変動弁機構
CN101233301A (zh) * 2005-07-25 2008-07-30 三菱自动车工业株式会社 内燃机的可变气门传动装置
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