WO2014097737A1 - 非共振型ノッキングセンサ - Google Patents
非共振型ノッキングセンサ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014097737A1 WO2014097737A1 PCT/JP2013/078822 JP2013078822W WO2014097737A1 WO 2014097737 A1 WO2014097737 A1 WO 2014097737A1 JP 2013078822 W JP2013078822 W JP 2013078822W WO 2014097737 A1 WO2014097737 A1 WO 2014097737A1
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- metal fitting
- weight
- side cylindrical
- cylindrical portion
- fixed
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L23/00—Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid
- G01L23/22—Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid for detecting or indicating knocks in internal-combustion engines; Units comprising pressure-sensitive members combined with ignitors for firing internal-combustion engines
- G01L23/221—Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid for detecting or indicating knocks in internal-combustion engines; Units comprising pressure-sensitive members combined with ignitors for firing internal-combustion engines for detecting or indicating knocks in internal combustion engines
- G01L23/222—Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid for detecting or indicating knocks in internal-combustion engines; Units comprising pressure-sensitive members combined with ignitors for firing internal-combustion engines for detecting or indicating knocks in internal combustion engines using piezoelectric devices
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a non-resonant type knocking sensor used for detecting knocking vibration in an internal combustion engine.
- An internal combustion engine such as an automobile is provided with a knocking sensor for detecting a knocking phenomenon, and control for suppressing the occurrence of the knocking phenomenon is performed according to a detection signal output from the knocking sensor. Specifically, retard control is performed to change the ignition timing of the spark plug in the internal combustion engine in accordance with the output signal of the knocking sensor.
- This knocking sensor includes a metal shell having a cylindrical portion and a flange portion located at one end thereof, and an annular insulating member, a piezoelectric element, and a weight are inserted into the outer periphery of the cylindrical portion in order from the flange portion side. Configured. Then, the weight is locked by screwing the weight to the male thread portion on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion, and the piezoelectric element is sandwiched and fixed between the flange portion and the weight.
- the knocking sensor is configured by covering the entire internal component (sensor body) in which the insulating member, the piezoelectric element, the weight, and the like are assembled to the metal shell with resin.
- the inner surface of the cylindrical portion is the mounting hole described above.
- a passage through which resin flows to ensure insulation between the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion and the inner peripheral surface of the piezoelectric element a plurality of notches along the axial direction are provided in the female screw of the weight, Manufacturing costs are reduced by eliminating the need for providing separate resin injection holes and resin injection grooves.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a non-resonant type knocking sensor that can suppress a decrease in internal insulation and can reduce a manufacturing cost.
- a non-resonant knock sensor extends in a radially outward direction from one end of a metal fitting-side cylindrical portion formed in a cylindrical shape and the metal fitting-side cylindrical portion.
- a metal shell including a metal fitting side flange; a piezoelectric element having the metal fitting side cylindrical portion inserted through the first through hole; and a metal fitting side cylindrical portion inserted through the second through hole;
- a weight disposed between the weight and the third through hole, and the weight-side cylindrical portion is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the bracket-side tubular portion while the weight is disposed on the side of the bracket.
- a non-resonant knock sensor comprising: a sensor main body having a fixing portion that is pressed and fixed toward the flange portion; and a resin molded body formed by coating the sensor main body with a resin.
- the inner circumferential surface of the weight and the inner circumferential surface of the weight are cylindrical on the metal fitting side. Are arranged with an outer circumferential surface and an annular inner space, and the fixing portion allows the resin to flow into the inner space between the outer circumferential surface of the metal fitting-side cylindrical portion and the inner circumferential surface of the piezoelectric element.
- the flow path has at least one of a form connected to the third through hole and a form provided separately from the third through hole, and the fixing portion. Are provided intermittently along the circumferential direction.
- the weight is fixed at the fixing portion, and the flow path serving as the resin inflow passage is provided in the fixing portion. Therefore, the female screw portion and the notch serving as the resin inflow passage are provided in the weight. It is not necessary to process the portion, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced while reliably suppressing the deterioration of the internal insulation.
- the form in which the flow path is connected to the third through hole is a form in which the flow path is connected to the third through hole from the outer surface of the fixing part (the extending flow path 33r provided in the fixed-side cylindrical part 33t in FIG.
- the extending flow path 33r is cut out from the outer surface of the fixed cylindrical portion 33t and connected to the third through hole), and the diameter of the extended flow channel 33r is increased radially outward from the hole wall of the third through hole of the fixed portion. Both forms (the flow path 31r in FIG. 2 and the flow path 31r provided in the fixed side flange 33f in FIG. 4) are included.
- the fixing portion may be formed of a single plate-like member, and the flow path may penetrate in the plate thickness direction. According to this non-resonant type knocking sensor, the number of parts of the fixed portion can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost can be further reduced.
- the fixed portion has the third through hole and is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the metal fitting-side cylindrical portion, and a diameter from an end on the weight side of the fixed-side cylindrical portion.
- An extending flow path extending along an outer peripheral surface of the metal fitting-side cylindrical portion and extending along the outer peripheral surface of the metal fitting-side cylindrical portion.
- the extending channel may be connected to the channel.
- the fixed-side cylindrical portion is inserted into the bracket-side cylindrical portion, so that the fixed-side cylindrical portion serves as a guide and is in contact with the bracket-side cylindrical portion over a wide area. It can be accurately and reliably fixed to the metal-cylinder-side cylindrical portion.
- the extending flow path provided in the fixed-side cylindrical portion extends along the outer peripheral surface of the metal fitting-side cylindrical portion, the resin easily flows in along the axial direction of the metal fitting-side cylindrical portion.
- the fixed-side cylindrical portion may be formed by fixing a region other than the region where the extending flow path is formed to the outer peripheral surface of the metal-fitting-side cylindrical portion. According to this non-resonant type knocking sensor, the fixed-side cylindrical portion is securely fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the bracket-side cylindrical portion, and the region where the flow path is formed in the fixed-side cylindrical portion is the bracket-side cylinder. Since it is not fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the shaped part, it does not hinder the inflow of resin.
- a male screw portion is provided on an outer surface of the metal fitting-side cylindrical portion
- the fixing portion includes a nut portion screwed to the male screw portion of the metal fitting-side cylindrical portion, and the nut portion and the weight.
- a washer portion that is elastically bent in the plate thickness direction and presses the weight toward the metal fitting side flange, and the flow path is radially outward from the nut portion in the washer portion. It may be provided at a position. According to this non-resonant type knocking sensor, since the nut part and the washer part which have been used conventionally can be used, the cost of parts is reduced, and the flow path of the washer part is provided at a position where it does not interfere with the nut part. Therefore, the resin easily flows into the internal space.
- 1 is a front view showing an external appearance of a non-resonant knock sensor according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- 1 is an exploded perspective view of a non-resonant knock sensor according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- 1 is a cross-sectional view of a non-resonant knock sensor according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a disassembled perspective view of the non-resonant type knocking sensor concerning a 2nd embodiment of the present invention. It is sectional drawing of the non-resonant type knocking sensor which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a disassembled perspective view of the non-resonant type knocking sensor concerning a 3rd embodiment of the present invention. It is sectional drawing of the non-resonant type knocking sensor which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention.
- FIG. 1 shows the appearance of a non-resonant knock sensor
- FIG. 2 shows an exploded perspective view of the non-resonant knock sensor
- FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the non-resonant knock sensor broken in the axial direction.
- a non-resonant knock sensor 1 is a so-called center-hole non-resonant knock sensor having an attachment hole 11 (see FIGS. 2 and 3) for attachment to a cylinder block or the like of an internal combustion engine at the center. is there.
- the non-resonant knock sensor 1 is covered with a resin molded body 3 made of a synthetic resin (for example, nylon 66) which is a resin mold material.
- the resin molded body 3 is composed of a cylindrical element housing portion 5 whose upper portion is tapered and a connector portion 7 for connecting a connector from an ignition timing control device (not shown).
- the non-resonant knock sensor 1 includes a metal shell 9 made of a metal material (for example, SPHD, SWCH25K), and the metal shell 9 has a mounting hole 11 for inserting a bolt. And a metal fitting side cylindrical portion 13 extending from the one end portion (lower side in FIG. 1) of the metal fitting side cylindrical portion 13 toward the radially outer side.
- a male screw portion 13 s is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the metal fitting-side cylindrical portion 13.
- a through hole (first through hole) inserted into the outer periphery of the metal-side cylindrical portion 13 is provided on one surface (upper surface in FIG. 1) of the metal-side flange 9 in the thickness direction (surface direction) of the metal-side flange portion 15.
- a piezoelectric element 17 made of a piezoelectric ceramic (for example, PZT) is placed in an annular shape (cylindrical shape).
- an annular shape (cylindrical shape) having a through hole (second through hole) inserted through the outer periphery of the metal fitting-side cylindrical portion 13 has a specific gravity that exerts an effect as a weight.
- a weight 19 made of a metal material (for example, SMF4050) is placed.
- the internal thread part is not provided in the inner surface of the through-hole of the weight 19.
- Output terminals 21 and 23 made of a conductive material (for example, brass) are provided between the bracket side flange 15 and the piezoelectric element 17 and between the weight 19 and the piezoelectric element 17, that is, on both sides in the thickness direction of the piezoelectric element 17. These are arranged in contact with the piezoelectric elements 17 respectively.
- the part which contacts the piezoelectric element 17 among the output terminals 21 and 23 is annular, and a long piece-like lead portion extends radially outward from one end of the annular portion.
- annular insulators 25 and 27 made of a film-like synthetic resin (for example, PET) having insulating properties are provided between the metal-side flange 15 and the output terminal 21 and between the output terminal 23 and the weight 19. Are arranged so that the output terminals 21 and 23 are not short-circuited with the flange 15 and the weight 19 of the metal shell 9.
- An annular internal space is provided between the piezoelectric element 17, the weight 19, the output terminals 21 and 23 (annular portions), the inner peripheral surfaces of the insulators 25 and 27, and the outer peripheral surface of the metal fitting-side tubular portion 13. 20 (see FIG. 3) is formed, and the annular internal space 20 is also filled with the resin.
- an annular shape (disc shape) having a through-hole 31h (third through-hole) inserted through the outer periphery of the metal fitting-side cylindrical portion 13, the weight 19 is arranged in the direction of the metal fitting-side flange portion 15.
- a fixing portion 31 that is pressed and fixed to (downward in the figure) is attached.
- the fixing portion 31 is made of a spring metal material (for example, SK-5M), and a female screw portion 31s is provided on the inner surface of the through hole 31h.
- semicircular flow passages 31r extending outward in the radial direction from the female screw portion 31s and penetrating in the plate thickness direction are formed.
- a passage (see an arrow in FIG. 3) through which resin flows is formed.
- the metal shell 9, the piezoelectric element 17, the weight 19, the fixing portion 31, and the insulators 25 and 27 as necessary are referred to as “sensor body”. Further, the axial direction is referred to as “plane direction”.
- the fixing portion 31 has its outer peripheral side falling toward the weight 19 side (downward in the figure), and has a “C” shape as viewed from the axial cross section. For this reason, the fixing portion 31 is screwed and fixed to the male screw portion 13s on the outer peripheral surface of the metal fitting-side tubular portion 13 by the female screw portion 31s, while the weight of the outer peripheral side of the fixing portion 31 is lower than the female screw portion 31s.
- the weight 19 is elastically pressed against the fixing portion 31 by the elasticity of the fixing portion 31.
- the fixing portion 31 is elastically expanded in the surface direction, and a gap is formed between the weight 19 and the fixing portion 31. This can be prevented and the weight 19 can be securely fixed.
- the fixing portion 31 may be a flat plate shape instead of a “C” shape, depending on the cost of the entire non-resonant knocking sensor and the usage environment. Thus, the material of the insulators 25 and 27 may be selected.
- a resin such as polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyether sulfone (PES), or polyether ether ketone (PEEK) is selected as the material of the insulators 25 and 27, creep deformation is difficult, but the cost is low. Becomes higher. On the other hand, if PET is selected as the material for the insulators 25 and 27, the cost is reduced, but creep deformation tends to increase.
- PPS polyphenylene sulfide
- PES polyether sulfone
- PEEK polyether ether ketone
- the weight 19 is fixed by the fixing portion 31, and the flow passage 31r serving as the resin inflow passage is provided in the fixing portion 31, so that the female screw portion and the resin It is not necessary to process the notch portion serving as the inflow passage, and it is possible to reduce the manufacturing cost of the entire non-resonant knock sensor while reliably suppressing deterioration of the internal insulation. Further, if the weight 19 is fixed by giving elasticity in the surface direction of the fixing portion 31, the weight 19 can be securely fixed even if the insulators 25 and 27 are creep-deformed over time. Low cost materials can be selected for 25 and 27 to further reduce the manufacturing cost of the entire non-resonant type knocking sensor. Note that the number, shape, and position of the flow path 31r are not limited to the above, and it is sufficient that at least one flow path 31r is provided.
- the non-resonant knock sensor 1B according to the second embodiment is the same as the non-resonant knock sensor 1 according to the first embodiment except that the configuration of the fixing portion 33 is different.
- the same reference numerals are given to the components, and description thereof is omitted.
- a fixing portion 33 is attached to the upper surface side of the weight 19.
- the fixed portion 33 includes a fixed-side cylindrical portion 33t formed in a cylindrical shape, and a fixed-side flange portion 33f that extends radially outward from an end of the fixed-side cylindrical portion 33t on the weight 19 side. .
- the inside of the fixed side cylindrical portion 33t is a through hole 33h inserted through the outer periphery of the metal fitting side cylindrical portion 13, and the substantially disk-shaped fixed side flange portion 33f attaches the weight 19 to the metal fitting side flange portion 15t. Press and fix in the direction (downward in the figure).
- the fixing portion 33 is made of a spring metal material (for example, SK-5M), and a cut (extension flow path 33r) is formed in the axial direction at two locations facing the radial direction of the fixing-side cylindrical portion 33t. The cut is connected to a flow path 31r extending to the predetermined position inside the outer peripheral edge toward the radially outer side of the fixed side flange 33f. This flow path 31r also penetrates in the plate thickness direction of the fixed portion 33, and forms a passage (see arrow in FIG. 5) through which resin flows into the internal space 20.
- the weight 19 is fixed by the fixing portion 33 and the extending passage 33r serving as a resin inflow passage is provided in the fixing portion 33, the weight 19 serves as a female screw portion or a resin inflow passage. It is not necessary to process the notch, and the manufacturing cost of the entire non-resonant knocking sensor can be reduced while reliably suppressing a decrease in internal insulation.
- the fixed side cylindrical portion 33t is inserted into the metal fitting side cylindrical portion 13, so that the fixed side cylindrical portion 33t serves as a guide and contacts the metal fitting side cylindrical portion 13 over a wide area.
- the fixing portion 33 can be fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the metal fitting side cylindrical portion 13 accurately and reliably.
- the external thread part 13s is not provided in the outer peripheral surface of the metal fitting side cylindrical part 13, and the internal thread part is not provided also in the inner surface of the through-hole 33h. Then, the fixed side cylindrical portion 33t is inserted into the metal fitting side cylindrical portion 13, and the extension channel 33r is formed in the fixed side cylindrical portion 33t while pressing the weight 19 downward by the fixed side flange portion 33f.
- welding laser welding or the like
- the fixed-side tubular portion 33t can be fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the metal fitting-side tubular portion 13. Thereby, it is not necessary to process an external thread part in the outer peripheral surface of the metal fitting side cylindrical part 13, and the manufacturing cost of the whole non-resonant type knocking sensor can be further reduced.
- the fixed side flange portion 33f may be formed such that its outer peripheral side falls toward the weight 19 side and has a “C” shape when viewed from the axial cross section.
- the weight 19 can be reliably fixed even when the insulators 25 and 27 are creep-deformed.
- the number, shape, and position of the extending flow path 33r are not limited to the above, and it is sufficient that at least one extending flow path 33r is provided. Further, the flow path may be provided only in the fixed side flange portion 33f, but if the extended flow path 33r is also provided in the fixed side cylindrical portion 33t close to the internal space 20, the resin can easily flow.
- the non-resonant knock sensor 1C according to the third embodiment is the same as the non-resonant knock sensor 1 according to the first embodiment except that the configuration of the fixing portion 35 is different.
- the same reference numerals are given to the components, and description thereof is omitted.
- a fixing portion 35 is attached to the upper surface side of the weight 19.
- the fixing portion 35 includes a hexagonal nut (nut portion) 35N screwed to the male screw portion 13s of the metal fitting-side cylindrical portion 13, and a washer (washer portion) 35W positioned between the nut portion 35N and the weight 19. have.
- the inside of the nut portion 35N is a through hole 35h that is inserted into the outer periphery of the metal fitting-side cylindrical portion 13, and a female screw portion 35s is provided on the inner surface of the through hole 35h. Further, the washer portion 35W presses and fixes the weight 19 in the direction of the bracket side flange 15 (downward in the figure).
- the washer portion 35W is made of a spring metal material (for example, SK-5M), and can be elastically bent in the plate thickness direction.
- a plurality of circular flow paths 35r are formed at positions along the circumferential direction radially outside the nut portion 35N in the washer portion 35W.
- This flow path 35r penetrates in the plate thickness direction of the washer portion 35W, and forms a passage (see arrow in FIG. 7) through which resin flows into the internal space 20.
- the radially outer side of the nut part 35N means that at least a part of the flow path 35r is located on the radially outer side of the maximum diameter (a circumscribed circle of the nut part 35N) 35D of the nut part 35N shown in FIG. It means being. Thereby, resin becomes easy to flow in from the outside without interfering with the nut portion 35N.
- the weight 19 is fixed by the fixing portion 35, and the flow passage 35r serving as the resin inflow passage is provided in the fixing portion 35. Therefore, the female screw portion and the notch serving as the resin inflow passage are provided in the weight 19. It is not necessary to process the portion, and the manufacturing cost of the entire non-resonant knocking sensor can be reduced while reliably suppressing a decrease in internal insulation. Moreover, since the nut part 35N and the washer part 35W which are conventionally used general-purpose products can be used, the parts cost is reduced and the flow path 35r of the washer part 35W is provided at a position where it does not interfere with the nut part 35N. Therefore, the resin easily flows into the internal space 20.
- the washer portion 35W is formed so that its outer peripheral side falls toward the weight 19 side and has a “C” shape when viewed from the axial cross section, so that the insulators 25 and 27 are creep-deformed. Even as described above, the weight 19 can be reliably fixed as described above.
- the number, shape, and position of the flow path 35r are not limited to the above, and it is sufficient that at least one flow path 35r is provided.
- the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but extends to various modifications and equivalents included in the spirit and scope of the present invention.
- the shape of the fixing portion is not limited to the above.
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Abstract
Description
ここで、筒状部の外周面と圧電素子の内周面との間に絶縁性を確保するために樹脂を流入させる通路として、ウェイトの雌ネジに軸方向に沿う複数の切欠部を設け、樹脂注入穴や樹脂注入溝を別途設けることを不要として製造コストの低減を図っている。
そこで、本発明は、内部の絶縁性低下を抑制するとともに、製造コストの低減を図ることができる非共振型ノッキングセンサの提供を目的とする。
この非共振型ノッキングセンサによれば、固定部にてウェイトを固定すると共に、固定部に樹脂の流入通路となる流路を設けているので、ウェイトに雌ネジ部や樹脂の流入通路となる切欠部を加工する必要がなく、内部の絶縁性低下を確実に抑制しつつ、製造コストを低減することができる。
なお、流路が「第3貫通孔に連結する形態」とは、固定部の外面から第3貫通孔に連結する形態(図4の固定側筒状部33tに設けられた延伸流路33r、延伸流路33rは固定側筒状部33tの外面から切り欠かれて第3貫通孔に連結している)、及び固定部の第3貫通孔の孔壁から径方向外側に向かって拡径した形態(図2の流路31r、及び図4の固定側鍔部33fに設けられた流路31r)の両方を含む。
この非共振型ノッキングセンサによれば、固定部の部品点数を低減し、さらに製造コストを低減することができる。
この非共振型ノッキングセンサによれば、固定側筒状部を金具側筒状部に挿入するので、固定側筒状部がガイドとなると共に金具側筒状部に広い面積で接し、固定部を精度よく、かつ確実に金具側筒状部に固定することができる。又、固定側筒状部に設けられた延伸流路は、金具側筒状部の外周面に沿って延びているため、金具側筒状部の軸方向に沿って樹脂が流入し易くなる。
この非共振型ノッキングセンサによれば、固定側筒状部が確実に金具側筒状部の外周面に固定されると共に、固定側筒状部のうち流路が形成された領域は金具側筒状部の外周面に固定されないので樹脂の流入を妨げることがない。
この非共振型ノッキングセンサによれば、従来から用いられてきたナット部と座金部を用いることができるので、部品コストが低減すると共に、座金部の流路をナット部に干渉しない位置に設けているため、内部空間へ樹脂が流入し易くなる。
図1は非共振型ノッキングセンサの外観を示し、図2は非共振型ノッキングセンサの分解斜視図を示し、図3は非共振型ノッキングセンサを軸方向に破断した断面図を示している。
図1において、非共振型ノッキングセンサ1は、内燃機関のシリンダブロック等へ取付けるための取付孔11(図2、図3参照)を中心部に有する、いわゆるセンターホール式非共振型のノッキングセンサである。非共振型ノッキングセンサ1は、樹脂モールド材料である合成樹脂(例えばナイロン66)製の樹脂成形体3により覆われている。この樹脂成形体3は、上部がテーパ状に成形された円柱形状の素子収納部5と、図示しない点火時期制御装置からのコネクタを接続するコネクタ部7とから構成されている。
図2及び図3に示すように、非共振型ノッキングセンサ1は、金属材料(例えばSPHD、SWCH25K)からなる主体金具9を備えており、主体金具9は、ボルトを挿通するための取付孔11を有する円筒形状の金具側筒状部13と、金具側筒状部13の一端部(図1の下側)から径方向外側に向かって延びる金具側鍔部15とを有している。金具側筒状部13の外周面には、雄ネジ部13sが設けられている。
この主体金具9の金具側鍔部15の厚み方向(面方向)の一面(図1の上面)側には、金具側筒状部13の外周に挿通される貫通孔(第1貫通孔)を有する環状(円筒形状)で、圧電セラミックス(例えばPZT)からなる圧電素子17が載置されている。
また、圧電素子17の上面側には、金具側筒状部13の外周に挿通される貫通孔(第2貫通孔)を有する環状(円筒形状)で、錘としての効果を発揮する比重を有する金属材料(例えばSMF4050)からなるウェイト19が載置されている。なお、ウェイト19の貫通孔の内面には雌ネジ部が設けられていない。
また、金具側鍔部15と出力端子21との間、及び出力端子23とウェイト19との間には、絶縁性を有するフィルム状の合成樹脂(例えばPET)からなる環状の絶縁体25、27がそれぞれ配置され、出力端子21、23が主体金具9の鍔部15やウェイト19と短絡しないようにされている。
そして、圧電素子17とウェイト19と出力端子21、23(環状部分)と絶縁体25、27との内周面と、金具側筒状部13の外周面との間には、環状の内部空間20(図3参照)が形成されており、この環状の内部空間20にも上記樹脂が充填されている。
固定部31は、バネ性の金属材料(例えばSK-5M)からなり、貫通孔31hの内面に雌ネジ部31sが設けられている。さらに、貫通孔31hの径方向の4箇所にて、雌ネジ部31sより径方向外側にそれぞれ延び、自身の板厚方向に貫通する半円状の流路31rが形成され、上記内部空間20に樹脂を流入させる通路(図3の矢印参照)をなしている。
なお、主体金具9、圧電素子17、ウェイト19、固定部31、及び必要に応じて絶縁体25、27を、「センサ本体」と称する。又、軸方向を「面方向」とする。
但し、絶縁体25、27としてクリープ変形し難い材料を選択した場合は、固定部31を「ハの字」状でなく平板状としてもよく、非共振型ノッキングセンサ全体のコストや使用環境に応じて絶縁体25、27の材料を選択すればよい。例えば、絶縁体25、27の材料として、ポリフェニレンサルファイド(PPS)や、ポリエーテルサルフォン(PES)や、ポリエーテルエーテルケトン(PEEK)などの樹脂を選択すれば、クリープ変形し難くなるが、コストが高くなる。一方、絶縁体25、27の材料として、PETを選択すれば、コストが低下するが、クリープ変形が大きくなる傾向にある。
又、固定部31の面方向に弾性を持たせてウェイト19を固定するようにすれば、経時により絶縁体25、27がクリープ変形してもウェイト19を確実に固定することができ、絶縁体25、27に低コストの材料を選択して非共振型ノッキングセンサ全体の製造コストをさらに低減することができる。
なお、流路31rの個数、形状、及び位置は上記に限定されず、流路31rは少なくとも1つ設けられていればよい。
図4に示すように、ウェイト19の上面側には固定部33が取り付けられている。固定部33は、筒状に形成された固定側筒状部33tと、固定側筒状部33tにおけるウェイト19側の端部から径方向外側に向かって延びる固定側鍔部33fを有している。固定側筒状部33tの内側は金具側筒状部13の外周に挿通される貫通孔33hになっており、又、略円板状の固定側鍔部33fがウェイト19を金具側鍔部15方向(同図下方)へ押し付けて固定する。
固定部33は、バネ性の金属材料(例えばSK-5M)からなり、固定側筒状部33tの径方向に対向する2箇所にて、軸方向に切れ目(延伸流路33r)が形成され、この切れ目が固定側鍔部33fの径方向外側に向かって外周縁より内側の所定位置まで延びる流路31rに連結されている。この流路31rも固定部33の板厚方向に貫通し、上記内部空間20に樹脂を流入させる通路(図5の矢印参照)をなしている。
ここで、第2の実施形態においては、金具側筒状部13の外周面に雄ネジ部13sが設けられず、貫通孔33hの内面にも雌ネジ部が設けられていない。そして、固定側筒状部33tを金具側筒状部13に挿入し、固定側鍔部33fにてウェイト19を下方へ押圧しつつ、固定側筒状部33tのうち、延伸流路33rが形成された領域以外の領域にて外側から溶接部Wにて溶接(レーザ溶接等)し、又は固定側筒状部33tのうち、延伸流路33rが形成された領域以外の領域を径方向内側に向かって加締めることで、固定側筒状部33tを金具側筒状部13の外周面に固定することができる。これにより、金具側筒状部13の外周面に雄ネジ部を加工する必要がなく、非共振型ノッキングセンサ全体の製造コストをより一層低減することができる。
なお、第2の実施形態においても、固定側鍔部33fを、自身の外周側がウェイト19側へ向かって立ち下がり、軸方向断面からみて「ハの字」状になるように形成してもよく、これにより絶縁体25、27がクリープ変形してもウェイト19を確実に固定することができることは既に説明したとおりである。
延伸流路33rの個数、形状、及び位置は上記に限定されず、延伸流路33rは少なくとも1つ設けられていればよい。又、固定側鍔部33fのみに流路を設けてもよいが、上記内部空間20に近い固定側筒状部33tにも延伸流路33rを設けると、樹脂を流入させ易くなる。
図6に示すように、ウェイト19の上面側には固定部35が取り付けられている。固定部35は、金具側筒状部13の雄ネジ部13sにネジ止めされる六角ナット(ナット部)35N、および、ナット部35Nとウェイト19との間に位置するワッシャ(座金部)35Wとを有している。ナット部35Nの内側は金具側筒状部13の外周に挿通される貫通孔35hになっていて、貫通孔35hの内面に雌ネジ部35sが設けられている。又、座金部35Wがウェイト19を金具側鍔部15方向(同図下方)へ押し付けて固定する。
座金部35Wは、バネ性の金属材料(例えばSK-5M)からなり、板厚方向に弾性的に撓むことが可能になっている。又、座金部35Wにおけるナット部35Nより径方向外側の周方向に沿った位置に、複数個の円孔状の流路35rが形成されている。この流路35rは座金部35Wの板厚方向に貫通し、上記内部空間20に樹脂を流入させる通路(図7の矢印参照)をなしている。なお、「ナット部35Nより径方向外側」とは、図7に示すナット部35Nの最大径(ナット部35Nの外接円)35Dよりも径方向外側に流路35rの少なくとも一部が位置していることをいう。これにより、ナット部35Nに干渉されずに外部から樹脂が流入し易くなる。
ここで、座金部35Wは、自身の外周側がウェイト19側へ向かって立ち下がり、軸方向断面からみて「ハの字」状になるように形成されているので、絶縁体25、27がクリープ変形してもウェイト19を確実に固定することができることは既に説明したとおりである。
流路35rの個数、形状、及び位置は上記に限定されず、流路35rは少なくとも1つ設けられていればよい。
例えば、固定部の形状は上記に限定されない。
3 樹脂成形体
9 主体金具
13 金具側筒状部
13s 雄ネジ部
15 金具側鍔部
17 圧電素子
19 ウェイト
20 内部空間
31、33、35 固定部
31h、33h、35h 第3貫通孔
31r、35r 流路
33r 延伸流路
33t 固定側筒状部
33f 固定側鍔部
35N ナット部
35W 座金部
Claims (5)
- 筒状に形成された金具側筒状部、および、該金具側筒状部における一方の端部から径方向外側に向かって延びる金具側鍔部を含む主体金具と、
第1貫通孔に前記金具側筒状部が挿通された圧電素子と、
第2貫通孔に前記金具側筒状部が挿通され、前記金具側鍔部との間に前記圧電素子を挟んで配置されるウェイトと、
第3貫通孔に前記金具側筒状部が挿通され、前記金具側筒状部の外周面に固定されつつ、前記ウェイトを前記金具側鍔部に向かって押し付けて固定する固定部と、
を有するセンサ本体と、
該センサ本体を樹脂で被覆して形成された樹脂成形体と、
を備える非共振型ノッキングセンサであって、
前記圧電素子の内周面と前記ウェイトの内周面は、前記金具側筒状部の外周面と環状の内部空間をもって配置されており、
前記固定部は、前記金具側筒状部の外周面と前記圧電素子の内周面との間の前記内部空間に前記樹脂を流入させるための流路を有しており、前記流路は、前記第3貫通孔に連結する形態、及び、前記第3貫通孔と別体に設けられる形態の少なくとも一方の形態を有すると共に、前記固定部の周方向に沿って断続的に複数設けられていることを特徴とする非共振型ノッキングセンサ。 - 前記固定部は、板状の1つの部材からなり、前記流路は板厚方向に貫通してなる請求項1に記載の非共振型ノッキングセンサ。
- 前記固定部は、前記第3貫通孔を有して前記金具側筒状部の外周面に固定される固定側筒状部、および、該固定側筒状部における前記ウェイト側の端部から径方向外側に向かって延びるとともに、前記ウェイトを前記金具側鍔部に向かって押し付ける固定側鍔部を有し、
前記金具側筒状部の外周面に沿って延びる延伸流路が前記固定側筒状部に設けられ、該延伸流路は、前記流路に連結してなることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の非共振型ノッキングセンサ。 - 前記固定側筒状部は、前記延伸流路が形成された領域以外の領域を前記金具側筒状部の外周面に固定されてなることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の非共振型ノッキングセンサ。
- 前記金具側筒状部の外面には雄ネジ部が設けられ、
前記固定部は、前記金具側筒状部の前記雄ネジ部にネジ止めされるナット部、および、前記ナット部と前記ウェイトとの間に位置し、板厚方向に弾性的に撓んで前記ウェイトを前記金具側鍔部に向かって押し付ける座金部を有し、
前記流路は、前記座金部における前記ナット部より径方向外側の位置に設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の非共振型ノッキングセンサ。
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DE112013006083.3T DE112013006083T5 (de) | 2012-12-19 | 2013-10-24 | Nicht-resonanter Klopfsensor |
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