WO2014090183A1 - 一种生物活性多肽lplp及其制备和应用 - Google Patents

一种生物活性多肽lplp及其制备和应用 Download PDF

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WO2014090183A1
WO2014090183A1 PCT/CN2013/089290 CN2013089290W WO2014090183A1 WO 2014090183 A1 WO2014090183 A1 WO 2014090183A1 CN 2013089290 W CN2013089290 W CN 2013089290W WO 2014090183 A1 WO2014090183 A1 WO 2014090183A1
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lplp
biologically active
active polypeptide
concentration
sample
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PCT/CN2013/089290
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English (en)
French (fr)
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张少辉
卢姗姗
孙冠华
马鎏镠
周婕慧
李锡安
占东升
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上海交通大学
浙江熊猫乳业集团有限公司
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Publication of WO2014090183A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014090183A1/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12PFERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P21/00Preparation of peptides or proteins
    • C12P21/06Preparation of peptides or proteins produced by the hydrolysis of a peptide bond, e.g. hydrolysate products
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23LFOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L33/00Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L33/10Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
    • A23L33/17Amino acids, peptides or proteins
    • A23L33/18Peptides; Protein hydrolysates
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K38/00Medicinal preparations containing peptides
    • A61K38/01Hydrolysed proteins; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K38/012Hydrolysed proteins; Derivatives thereof from animals
    • A61K38/018Hydrolysed proteins; Derivatives thereof from animals from milk
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K38/00Medicinal preparations containing peptides
    • A61K38/04Peptides having up to 20 amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K38/07Tetrapeptides
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P37/00Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
    • A61P37/02Immunomodulators
    • A61P37/04Immunostimulants
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P39/00General protective or antinoxious agents
    • A61P39/06Free radical scavengers or antioxidants
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07KPEPTIDES
    • C07K5/00Peptides containing up to four amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
    • C07K5/04Peptides containing up to four amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof containing only normal peptide links
    • C07K5/10Tetrapeptides
    • C07K5/1002Tetrapeptides with the first amino acid being neutral
    • C07K5/1005Tetrapeptides with the first amino acid being neutral and aliphatic
    • C07K5/101Tetrapeptides with the first amino acid being neutral and aliphatic the side chain containing 2 to 4 carbon atoms, e.g. Val, Ile, Leu
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12PFERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P21/00Preparation of peptides or proteins
    • C12P21/02Preparation of peptides or proteins having a known sequence of two or more amino acids, e.g. glutathione

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of proteins, and in particular to a biologically active polypeptide LPLP and its preparation and use.
  • Oxidation and oxidative metabolism are essential for both food and humans. Free radicals and reactive oxygen species cause a series of oxidation reactions. When excess free radicals are formed, they exceed the protective effects of protective enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and catalase, resulting in a series of side effects such as lipid oxidation and apoptosis. This type of oxidation reaction not only affects the shelf life of fat-containing foods, but also causes certain harm to human health, such as rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, and arteriosclerosis. In addition, Collins et al. (2005) found that cancer is also associated with oxidative damage to DNA. The body's antioxidant defense system is divided into two ways: enzymatic and non-enzymatic.
  • the non-enzymatic system is mainly vitamins, amino acids and metal proteins. It scavenges free radicals through its own reducing structure or utilizes chelation of proteins to remove catalysis.
  • Metal ions. S0D, GSH-Px, and CAT act as antioxidant enzymatic systems, and work together with non-enzymatic systems through different mechanisms of action to play a role in maintaining the balance of active oxygen metabolism in the body. Reductase achieves antioxidant effects mainly through two different pathways: SOD is involved in the removal of superoxide anions in the body to avoid lipid peroxidation; GSH-PX and CAT effectively catalyze the decomposition of peroxides and block the formation of peroxidation chains.
  • MDA is a lipid peroxidation product formed by the reaction of free radicals with cell membrane unsaturated fatty acids, reflecting the degree of peroxidation of the body. Lipid peroxide can increase the permeability of the cell membrane and cause serious damage to the body. A large number of studies have shown that inflammation induces a large amount of reactive oxygen species in the cells, and the metabolism of free radicals in the body is broken. S0D, GSH-PX, and CAT are consumed in large quantities, resulting in a decrease in the total enzyme activity of the reductase system and an increase in the content of MDA. Oxidative stress is one of the important causes of endotoxic shock.
  • antioxidants such as butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol (BHT) were used in foods as antioxidants for lipids, but these artificial Synthetic additives for the human body Potential risks. Therefore, it is especially important to find safe antioxidants in natural food sources.
  • some food-derived peptides have been found to have good antioxidant effects, such as corn short peptides, soy peptides, and milk peptides.
  • polypeptides can be obtained by various methods such as microbial fermentation, digestive enzymatic hydrolysis, etc., and most of the polypeptides having antioxidant activity are composed of 2 to 20 amino acid residues, have a molecular weight of less than 6000 Da, and contain a certain amount of hydrophobic amino acids and aromatic amino acids.
  • the immunologically active peptide is a type of biologically active polypeptide which is first obtained from milk after the discovery of opioid peptide and which demonstrates its physiological activity.
  • Jolles et al. discovered for the first time that trypsin hydrolyzed human milk protein to obtain a hexapeptide with the amino acid sequence Val-Glu-Pro-Ile-Pra-Tyr.
  • the peptide can enhance mouse peritoneal macrophages. Phagocytosis of sheep red blood cells. Migliore-Samour et al.
  • Li Suping et al. used a synthetic milk-derived immunomodulatory peptide (PGPIPN) to feed rats and found that the phagocytosis of rat peritoneal macrophages and the red blood cell-related immunoregulatory function were significantly enhanced.
  • PGPIPN synthetic milk-derived immunomodulatory peptide
  • immunologically active peptides can not only enhance the body's immunity, stimulate the proliferation of lymphocytes, enhance the phagocytic function of macrophages, but also promote the release of cytokines, improve the body's ability to resist external pathogen infection, and reduce the incidence of the body. And it does not cause the body's immune rejection.
  • Inflammation is a series of defensive responses in the body to remove pathogens and prevent greater damage to the body's tissues. Moderate inflammation removes pathogenic factors and repairs damaged tissues by activating and modulating immune cell secretion of cytokines, NO and ROS.
  • cytokines cytokines that are associated with oxidative stress.
  • excessive inflammation leads to excessive secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, inhibits the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines, and produces excessive amounts of NO and R0S in the cells, destroying the antioxidant capacity of the body's defense system, forming an oxidative stress state, and further increasing inflammation. Animal experiments and clinical observations have revealed systemic inflammation or endotoxic shock, which greatly increases the mortality of the body.
  • anti-inflammatory treatment is to eliminate the adverse effects of inflammation on the body and to avoid the excessive occurrence of inflammation, so to prevent the immune disability of the body while inhibiting the activity of pro-inflammatory cells.
  • most anti-inflammatory drugs currently control excessive inflammation by inhibiting the activity of lymphocytes, macrophages, or directly killing immune cells. In normal organs and inflammasomes, such anti-inflammatory drugs show proliferation of cells. Significant inhibition has strong side effects on the body. Therefore, it is very important to reduce the damage of the drug itself to the body while effectively anti-inflammatory in the body when inflammation occurs.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a biologically active polypeptide having an amino acid sequence of Leu-Pro-Leu-Pro (LPLP, SEQ ID NO: D o
  • the source of the biologically active polypeptide is milk-derived.
  • the biologically active polypeptide LPLP of the present invention is milk-derived, specifically derived from ⁇ -casein, and is ⁇ -casein (SEQ ID NO: 1
  • the biologically active polypeptide has the functions of in vitro antioxidant activity and enhancing immunity of the body.
  • the biologically active polypeptide of the present invention can be artificially synthesized by genetic engineering methods and chemical methods, or can be directly obtained from a dairy product by separation and purification.
  • nucleotide fragments encoding the aforementioned biologically active polypeptides.
  • amino acid sequence and nucleotide sequence of ⁇ -casein are a prior art, and a nucleotide fragment encoding amino acid residues 150 to 153 of ⁇ -casein can encode a mature biologically active polypeptide LPLP.
  • nucleotide fragment encoding the aforementioned biologically active polypeptide has the sequence: 5'- C tt CC tctg CC t-3' (SEQ ID NO: 2) o
  • the second aspect of the present invention discloses a method for preparing the aforementioned biologically active polypeptide, and the steps are as follows:
  • step 2) crude extraction of the polypeptide: the Lactobacillus helveticus fermented milk of step 1) is subjected to cryogenic centrifugation, and the supernatant is taken;
  • step 2 The supernatant of step 2) is subjected to ultrafiltration treatment to collect the filtrate;
  • the fat content of the skim milk is less than 0.1%.
  • the step 1) the anaerobic fermentation conditions are: fermentation temperature 36 ⁇ 38 ° C, fermentation culture 15 ⁇ 20h; preferably fermentation culture 19h.
  • the step 2) is carried out under the conditions of low temperature centrifugation: 4 ° C, 8000 ⁇ 10000 rpm, centrifugation for 15 to 30 min.
  • the molecular weight cut-off molecular weight of the filter used in the ultrafiltration method is 10 kDa and 3 kDa, respectively.
  • the present invention employs a filter membrane having molecular weight cutoffs of 10 kDa and 3 kDa, respectively, and the sample is sequentially subjected to ultrafiltration through two membranes.
  • step 3) a in the ultrafiltration process the pressure range is 0.1 ⁇ 0.3MPa, and the filtrate flow rate is 0.8 ⁇
  • step 3) b reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography
  • mobile phase A is dd3 ⁇ 40 containing 2% acetonitrile and 0.05% TFA
  • mobile phase B is 100% acetonitrile.
  • step 3) b reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography separation method, collecting the molecular weight of 439. 29Da of the polypeptide wash De-peaking is the biologically active polypeptide LPLP.
  • the molecular weight of LPLP is known, and the elution peak having a molecular size of 439.29 Da is collected, which is the biologically active polypeptide LPLP of the present invention.
  • the elution peak of the molecular size of the present invention having a molecular size of 439.29 Da has a retention time of 21 min.
  • the third aspect of the invention discloses the use of the aforementioned biologically active polypeptide in the preparation of foods, health care products and medicaments which are resistant to oxidation and/or enhance immunity of the body.
  • the bioactive polypeptide LPLP of the present invention can be used for a dairy product such as yoghurt, a cosmetic for reducing free radical damage to the skin; a skin care product and/or an injection drug having anti-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory functions; and the bioactive polypeptide LPLP of the present invention can Direct absorption through the gastrointestinal tract is not degraded, and thus can be used to prepare an health-improving health care product, or to prepare a drug having anti-oxidation and/or enhancing immunity.
  • the fourth aspect of the invention discloses an antioxidant drug comprising the aforementioned biologically active polypeptide LPLP or a derivative of the aforementioned biologically active polypeptide LPLP.
  • a medicament for enhancing immunity of a body comprising the aforementioned biologically active polypeptide LPLP or a derivative of the aforementioned biologically active polypeptide LPLP is disclosed.
  • a sixth aspect of the invention discloses an anti-inflammatory drug comprising the aforementioned biologically active polypeptide LPLP or a derivative of the aforementioned biologically active polypeptide LPLP.
  • a seventh aspect of the invention discloses a method for enhancing immunity of a living body comprising administering to a patient a biologically active polypeptide LPLP or a derivative of the aforementioned biologically active polypeptide LPLP.
  • a final aspect of the invention also discloses a method of eliminating inflammation in the body comprising administering to the patient a biologically active polypeptide LPLP or a derivative of the aforementioned biologically active polypeptide LPLP.
  • the derivative of the polypeptide refers to hydroxylation, carboxylation, carbonylation, methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, esterification or glycosylation on the amino acid side chain group of the polypeptide, at the amino terminus or the carboxy terminus. Etc., the resulting polypeptide derivative.
  • the beneficial effects of the biologically active polypeptide LPLP of the invention are:
  • the milk-derived biologically active polypeptide LPLP of the invention has good antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory activity and promoting immunity of the body; on the one hand, it can remove free radicals in the body, and reduce Free radical damage to the human body; at the same time, improve the body's own antioxidant enzyme activity, improve the body's own efficiency of scavenging free radicals in the body; on the other hand, the biologically active polypeptide LPLP of the present invention can also enhance the body's immunity and enhance macrophages.
  • the phagocytosis function under the precursor of ensuring the removal of inflammatory pathogens, shortens the inflammatory process, protects the body from excessive inflammatory damage, accelerates the process of inflammation healing, improves the body's ability to resist external pathogen infection, reduces the body's incidence, and can not be digested. Enzymatic degradation is directly absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract and does not cause immune rejection in the body. It is of great significance to develop dairy products and health care products that have antioxidant functions and enhance immune function.
  • Figure 1 Mass spectrometric comparison of crude extracts from Lactobacillus helvetic fermented milk and unfermented skim milk ultrafiltration (A:
  • Figure 3 Comparison of bioactive peptides in control fermented milk and Lactobacillus helveticus fermented milk by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (a curve: 215 nm elution profile of control fermented milk reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography; b curve: Lactobacillus helveticus Fermented milk 3000D supernatant supernatant reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography 215 nm elution profile)
  • Figure 5 First-order mass spectrum of a fragment with a mass-to-charge ratio of 439.29
  • Figure 11 Total ion chromatogram of LPLP after enzymatic treatment
  • Figure 12 Primary mass spectrum of LPLP after enzymatic treatment
  • Figure 14 Standard curve of absorption peak area and concentration percentage of LPLP standard
  • Figure 156 Effect of biologically active peptide LPLP on the secretion of IFN- ⁇ in mice
  • Figure 178 Effect of biologically active peptide LPLP on the secretion of TNF-a in mice
  • Figure 22 Effect of bioactive peptide LPLP on IL-6 secretion in mice
  • Figure 245 GM-CSF Standard Curve
  • Figure 26 Effect of biologically active peptide LPLP on the secretion of GM-CSF in mice
  • Figure 28 Effect of biologically active peptide LPLP on IL-1 ⁇ secretion in mice
  • the experimental methods, detection methods, and preparation methods disclosed in the present invention employ conventional molecular biology, biochemistry, chromatin structure and analysis, analytical chemistry, cell culture, recombinant DNA technology, and related fields. Conventional technology. These techniques are well described in the existing literature. For details, see Sambrook et al.
  • Lactobacillus helveticus fermented milk Using skim milk powder (New Zealand NZMP brand skim milk powder) and water with 12wt% skim milk (12g skim milk powder added to 88g water, the same below). Under sterile conditions, Lactobacillus helveticus ⁇ Lactobacillus helveticus, CICC6024 colony triad was picked and added to the sterilized 12 wt% skim milk and stirred under sterile conditions. After the seeding is completed, it is sealed with aluminum foil to prevent contamination. Incubate in an incubator at 37 ° C for 19 h.
  • the curd is uniformly stirred under aseptic conditions, i.e., the activation of Lactobacillus helveticus is completed, and a fermenting agent for preparing Lactobacillus helveticus fermented milk is obtained.
  • the specific method is: under aseptic conditions The three rings of Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus were picked separately and added to the sterilized 12 wt% skim milk. Stir well under sterile conditions. After inoculation, seal with aluminum foil to prevent Contamination. Incubate in an incubator at 37 ° C for 19 h. After the end of the culture, the curd is stirred evenly under aseptic conditions to complete the activation of Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus to prepare a control fermented milk. Two starters.
  • Lactobacillus helveticus fermented milk and the control fermented milk prepared in the previous step, and 12% by weight of skim milk were respectively placed in a centrifuge tube for centrifugation at 9000 rpm/min, 4 ° C, 20 min. After centrifugation, the precipitate was discarded and the supernatant was taken.
  • the flow rate should be kept stable and the filtrate should be clear.
  • the flow rate was controlled at about 1 mL/min, and the pressure was 0.1 to 0.3 MPa.
  • the Lactobacillus helveticus fermented milk, the control fermented milk, and the unfermented 12 wt% skim milk filtrate were collected as test samples, control samples, and blank controls, respectively. Store at 4 ° C for free.
  • the filtrate (ultrasample) after ultrafiltration of the Lactobacillus helveticus fermented milk collected in the previous step and the filtrate (blank control) after skim milk ultrafiltration were subjected to mass spectrometry.
  • the mass spectrometric conditions were as follows:
  • the mass spectrometric results of the filtrate after ultrafiltration of the Lactobacillus helveticus fermented milk (experimental sample) and the filtrate after ultrafiltration of skim milk (blank control) are shown in Figures 1 to 2.
  • the A curve in Fig. 1 is a 3000 Da unfermented skim milk (blank control) crude extract sample
  • the B curve in Fig. 1 is a 3000 Da Lactobacillus helveticus fermented milk crude extract sample (experimental sample).
  • polypeptides are not present in the unfermented skim milk, but are produced after fermentation by Lactobacillus helveticus. Moreover, we found that as the fermentation time prolonged, the abundance of the polypeptide increased significantly, further confirming that the fermentation of Lactobacillus helveticus, the original macromolecular protein in the skim milk was decomposed, from a single macromolecular protein to a large amount and complex Small molecule peptide.
  • Figure 2 is 3000Da unfermented skim milk (Zhang Zhao) ⁇ 3000D Lactobacillus helveticus fermented skim milk Sample comparison) Comparison of the abundance differences of crude molecular weights with different molecular weights.
  • the longitudinal axis indicates the molecular weight corresponding to the substance contained in the crude skim milk extract
  • the transverse axis indicates the molecular weight corresponding to the substance contained in the crude fermented milk extract.
  • Table 1 Comparison of the difference between the crude extract of 3000Da Lactobacillus helveticus fermented milk and 3000Da skim milk
  • UV detection wavelength 215nm
  • Injection volume lmL
  • Gradient conditions 0%-7.5min to maintain 100% A liquid; 7.5min-42.5min B liquid changed from 0% to 50%; 42.5min-45minB liquid changed from 50% to 100%; 45min-50min to maintain 100% B liquid; 50min -72minA liquid changed from 0% to 100%.
  • test sample preparation The test sample and the control sample were diluted with the mobile phase A liquid (diluted by a volume ratio of 1:1) as a sample for loading. The sample was subjected to reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography analysis, and the experimental results are shown in Fig. 3.
  • the experimental results can be seen from Fig. 3.
  • the a curve is the 215 nm elution spectrum of the reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography.
  • the elution time is 26 min.
  • the proportional relationship of the peptide bond concentration is considered to be less in the 12% control fermented milk 3000Da supernatant (control), and the species is single.
  • the b curve is the elution profile of the 215 nm supernatant of the Lactobacillus helveticus fermented milk 3000D (experimental sample) by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography.
  • the substance having a molecular weight of 439.29 Da was found to be derived from the B peak of the fermented milk isolate based on the retention time of the molecular weight corresponding to the B, C and D peaks of the polypeptide corresponding to each molecular weight.
  • the fermented milk obtained by fermentation of Lactobacillus helveticus contained a polypeptide substance having a molecular weight of less than 3000 Da which was richer than the control fermented milk.
  • These peptides are formed by the breakdown of large peptides in the original skim milk by intracellular and extracellular enzymes secreted by Lactobacillus helveticus, releasing some polypeptide fragments and free amino acids.
  • the extracellular enzyme secreted by the lactic acid bacteria has a non-specific or specific cleavage of the ⁇ -casein fragment in the dairy.
  • these peptides obtained by microbial fermentation are highly likely to have certain biological activities. If a common yoghurt is produced using a combination of Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus, the yield of the polypeptide is small, the variety is single, and the biological activity is relatively low.
  • the less hydrophobic substance has a weaker binding force to the separation column, and is first eluted from the separation column, and the hydrophobic substance is solid-phase bonded with the separation column. Larger, then eluted from the separation column.
  • the hydrophobicity of the three isolates is arranged in the following order: Lactobacillus helveticus fermented milk isolate Peak > [peak> 0 peak. After the collection operation, the peak sample was obtained, freeze-dried by vacuum freeze-drying technique, and stored at -4 °C for storage, and used as an experimental material for subsequent mass spectrometry and in vitro functional detection. 4. Determination of the mass and amino acid sequence of biologically active peptides
  • UV detection wavelength 210nm
  • the mass spectrometry extraction map, first-order mass spectrum, and second-order mass spectrum of the B peak of the Lactobacillus helveticus fermented milk isolate B with a molecular weight of 439.29 Da were obtained by ultra performance liquid-electrospray-quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry.
  • the mass spectrum and the amino acid sequence were calculated by Masslynx software. The results are shown in Figures 4-7.
  • the fragment sequence of the mass-to-charge ratio of 439.29Da is Leu-Pro-Leu-Pro (LPLP), which is denoted as SEQ ID NO: 1, according to the az, by break condition.
  • the fragment is derived from the B peak of the Lactobacillus helveticus fermented milk isolate, corresponding to the residue sequence of ⁇ _casein 150 ⁇ 153, the GenBank number of the ⁇ _case protein amino acid sequence is AAA30431. 1, the sequence is shown in SEQ ID NO : 3.
  • Example 2 In vitro antioxidant activity of biologically active polypeptides The antioxidant activity of the biologically active polypeptide LPLP obtained in Example 1 was determined by a scavenging free radical method (DPPH* method) and a total antioxidant capacity method (Ferric Reducing Ability Power FRAP method). The activity was tested.
  • DPPH* method scavenging free radical method
  • FRAP method total antioxidant capacity method
  • Reagents 1, 1-diphenyl-2-trinitrophenylhydrazine (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl [DPPH ⁇ ] ), produced by Wako, Japan; methanol, supplied by Shanghai Sinopharm Corporation; obtained in Example 1.
  • Milk-derived bioactive polypeptide LPLP collected B-peak sample obtained by fermentation of Lactobacillus helveticus.
  • Blank group In the same 96-well plate, a sample with 80 concentration of lmmol/L [DPPH ⁇ ] methanol solution and 20 ⁇ L of deionized water was added as a blank control.
  • Ferric Reducing Ability of Plasma FRAP purchased from top Haibi Yuntian Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; FeS0 4 solution (10 mmol/L); water-soluble vitamin E (Trol OX solution) (10 mmol/L); milk-derived biologically active polypeptide LPLP obtained by fermentation of Lactobacillus helveticus obtained in Example 1.
  • the concentration of FeS0 4 is in good proportional relationship with the absorbance.
  • the higher the concentration of FeS0 4 the higher the absorbance.
  • the results of the FeSO ⁇ quasi-curve of the present invention are shown in Fig. 10.
  • the linear relationship of the standard curve is good, and the correlation coefficient is 0. 998.
  • the precision and accuracy of the FeSO ⁇ quasi-curve are in compliance with the detection requirements and can be used for subsequent calculation.
  • the total antioxidant activity of the peptide LPLP isolated from Lactobacillus helveticus fermented milk was determined by the Ferric Reducing Ability Power FRAP method.
  • the biologically active polypeptide LPLP in the milk isolate has a certain ability to reduce oxidizing substances, and its total antioxidant capacity is 0.0209 mmol/g.
  • the total antioxidant capacity of the LPLP isolated from the Lactobacillus fermentum fermented milk of the present invention is higher than that of the phytic acid having weak antioxidative activity at the same concentration, and has a significant (p>0.05) difference. Therefore, the biologically active polypeptide LPLP of the present invention has remarkable antioxidant ability.
  • Example 3 Biologically active polypeptides LPLP promotes immunity activity test 1. Determination of biologically active polypeptide LPLP in vitro by macrophage proliferation test by MTT assay
  • Reagents experimental animal balb/c mice (male 6-8 weeks old) Animal Experimental Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University; milk-derived biologically active peptide LPLP obtained by fermentation of Lactobacillus helveticus; 3-(4, 5- Methylthiazole-2)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) Amresco; LPS (lipopolysaccharide), purchased from Sigma; Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) Genebase; A triple solution containing 10% SDS, 5% isobutanol, and an aqueous solution of 0.0012 mol/L HCl.
  • BSA Bovine Serum Albumin
  • Balb/c mice were intraperitoneally injected with 2 ml of 2% (w/w) sterile starch solution for three consecutive days, and the neck was sacrificed after 24 hours of the last injection. Peel off the abdomen skin, pipette 4°C phosphate buffer (PBS) and rinse the peritoneal cavity repeatedly. Collect the rinse solution by centrifuge tube, centrifuge (lOOOOrpm, 4°C) for 10 minutes, discard the supernatant, and use 4°C RPMI. 1640 complete medium (containing 10% FBS) was washed twice, and 0.2% trypan blue solution was stained for cell viability assay, confirming that more than 95% of the viable macrophages were collected. After the cell counting plate is read, adjust the cell concentration to the appropriate concentration.
  • PBS pipette 4°C phosphate buffer
  • the experimental group was supplemented with RPMI 1640 complete medium (10% FBS) 200 ⁇ /well dissolved in bioactive peptide LPLP (lm g /ml) for 48 hours.
  • the negative control group was supplemented with BSA (500 ⁇ g/mL) RPMI 1640 complete medium (10% FBS) 200 ⁇ /well per well; blank group added RPMI 1640 complete medium (10% FBS) 200 ⁇ / The wells were continuously cultured for 48 hours.
  • the experimental group, the negative control group and the blank group were respectively set to the normal group and the inflammatory group; the inflammatory group was added with LPS to a final concentration of lOOng/ml at 24 h; the normal group was not LPS; and the normal group and the inflammatory group were At 44h, 5% MTT 20 ⁇ l/well was added; after 48 hours of cell culture, 100 ⁇ l/well of triple solution was added to terminate the culture. After overnight dissolution, the absorbance of each well was measured by a microplate reader at a wavelength of 570 nm. 0D570), the growth index (Growth Indices) is calculated as follows:
  • the blank culture solution was a RPMI 1640 complete medium containing 10% FBS.
  • Bioactive peptide LPLP promotes macrophage phagocytosis of neutral red ability
  • RPMI1640 complete medium (10% FBS) containing active peptide LPLP (1 mg/ml) 200 ⁇ ⁇ /well after adherent purification.
  • RPMI1640 complete medium (10% FBS) containing no active peptide was added to 200 ⁇ l/well for blanking; and the experimental and blank groups were added to LPS to a final concentration of 10 ⁇ at 24 h. g/ml; After continuing to culture for 48 hours, the cell culture medium was discarded. After washing the bottom of the well with PBS, add 80 ⁇ l/well of neutral red dye solution at 37 °C.
  • bioactive polypeptide LPLP When the bioactive peptide LPLP was added at a concentration of 0.1 mg/mL, it also promoted the increase of nitric oxide induction in macrophages compared with LPS, and there was a significant difference (P ⁇ 0.05). However, there was no significant difference compared to the normal cell blank group. This indicates that the biologically active polypeptide LPLP has the ability to promote the increase in the amount of nitric oxide induced by macrophages at a certain concentration.
  • Example 4 Biologically active polypeptide LP simulated gastrointestinal digestion and absorption experiment 1. In vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion
  • Test method Simulated gastrointestinal digestive experiments are mainly divided into two steps. First, prepare a biologically active peptide LPLP solution at a concentration of 500 ⁇ g/mL, and add pepsin to a LPLP solution at a concentration of 500 ⁇ g/mL. The ratio is 20 mg of pepsin per gram of LPLP, and the pH of the reaction solution is adjusted to 2.0.
  • Mobile phase A 0.1% aqueous formic acid
  • mobile phase B 0.1% formic acid acetonitrile
  • Q-TOF-MS conditions Time-of-flight mass spectrometer, mass spectrometry using electrospray ionization source (ESI), positive ion mode. and
  • the mass scan range is m/z 80-1000 and the scan time is 0.3s.
  • Capillary voltage 3kV; cone voltage 35V; - level mass spectrometry collision energy is 4; ion source temperature 100
  • desolvation gas temperature and flow rate are 300 ° C, 500 L / h.
  • the total ion current map of the bioactive polypeptide LPLP was analyzed by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS before and after digestive enzyme treatment, as shown in Fig. 11.
  • the peaks in the figure were extracted and the corresponding mass spectra were obtained by Q-TOF-MS analysis.
  • D-HANKS solution (provided by Gino Biomedical Technology Co., Ltd.), sterile distilled water, bioactive peptide LPLP (synthesized by Shanghai Qiangyao Biotechnology Co., Ltd.).
  • the main instruments are Thermo HPLC surveyor high performance liquid chromatography, manufactured by Thermo Scientific; Kromasil C18 column, manufactured by AKZO NOBEL, Sweden; 12-well Tnmswell single-layer cell membrane laboratory, manufactured by Coming, USA.
  • Liquid A water containing 0.5% TFA
  • liquid B acetonitrile containing 0.5% TFA.
  • LPLP concentration detection standard curve Dilute the LPLP aqueous solution at a concentration of 10/3mg/mL with chromatographically pure water according to the volume percentage, respectively, to 1%, 2%, 3%, 5%, 10% of the mother liquor concentration, vortex Oscillating for 30 s to ensure mixing, using a high performance liquid chromatograph for analysis, a standard curve of solution concentration and absorption peak area can be obtained.
  • the correlation coefficient is 0.999, which indicates that the precision and accuracy of the LPLP standard curve meet the test requirements (see Figure 14).
  • Caco-2 cells are derived from the human rectum and have many of the characteristics of the human gut, such as: the ability to form intestinal villi, effectively secrete various intestinal enzymes, form tight junctions, and the like. Many domestic and foreign literatures have used Caco-2 cells to simulate the human intestinal tract, which is used to predict the absorption efficiency of various substances in the intestine. In this experiment, the Caco-2 intestinal transport model, which has been tested and the indicators meet the experimental requirements, is used to estimate the absorption efficiency of the bioactive peptide LPLP in the human intestinal tract.
  • test solution was tested by Thermo HPLC or high performance liquid chromatography, and the content of bioactive peptide in the test solution was calculated using the previously established standard curve.
  • Example 5 Enhancement of Antioxidant Activity of Bioactive Peptides Activity
  • the model of inflammatory oxidative stress was induced by intraperitoneal injection of LPS bacterial lipopolysaccharide, and the difference in antioxidant capacity of mice previously administered by LPLP aqueous solution and without gavage was compared.
  • MDA and antioxidant enzymes GSH-Px, CAT The ability of MDA and antioxidant enzymes GSH-Px, CAT to adjust the ability of LPLP to improve the body's antioxidant function.
  • LPS Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide
  • mice Six-week-old Balb/c mice were randomly divided into three groups at a temperature of 21 ⁇ 1 °C and a relative humidity of 30-70%. Each group consisted of 48 rats in each group: blank group, inflammation group and peptide group. .
  • the blank group and the inflammatory group were intragastrically administered with normal saline.
  • the peptide group was intragastrically administered with LPLP aqueous solution at a dose of 200 mg/k g for 3 weeks. After the last gavage for 2 hours, the blank group was intraperitoneally injected with normal saline.
  • the inflammation group and the peptide group were dosed at 5 m g / kg.
  • LPS was injected intraperitoneally. After intraperitoneal injection, blood was collected at different time points and the liver was collected for 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12, 24, and 48 hours after intraperitoneal injection, and 6 mice were collected each time.
  • the blood collection method was performed by taking the eyeball and taking the blood.
  • the serum was separated by centrifugation at 3000 r/min for 10 minutes at 4 ° C, and placed in a refrigerator at 4 ° C for testing.
  • a small amount of sample was taken to detect the protein concentration, and the detection method was as described in the Ferric Reducing Ability Power FRAP method of Example 2.
  • the NADi3 ⁇ 4 in the kit was fixed to a concentration of 10 mM in deionized water, and immediately stored in a freezer at -70 °C.
  • the GSH in the reagent was made up to a concentration of 84 mM GSH solution with deionized water. Immediately dispense the frozen -20 °C refrigerator. The two solutions were taken out at room temperature for dissolution before the experiment. Determine the volume of GPx working fluid to be configured according to the number of samples to be tested.
  • the working fluid required for each sample includes: 5 ⁇ L 10 mM NADPH, 5 ⁇ L 84 mM GSH and 0.4 ⁇ L glutathione reductase.
  • a 15 mM peroxide reagent solution was also dispensed with deionized water prior to the experiment.
  • the GPx working solution and the peroxide reagent solution need to be used now and cannot be used repeatedly.
  • the activity of glutathione peroxidase in the sample can be calculated by the following formula:
  • Peroxidase activity in the detection system (sample absorbance - blank control absorbance) /0. 00622
  • the final result is expressed in mil/mg protein.
  • the MDA detection working solution was prepared according to the sample quantity. According to each sample, 150 TBA dilution solution, 50 L TBA storage solution and 3 L antioxidant were mixed, heated at 70 ° C and violently dissolved. The prepared MDA test solution must be used on the same day. Take appropriate amount of standard and dilute to 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50 ⁇ ⁇ with deionized water to prepare a standard curve.
  • the experiment was divided into three groups: blank control group, standard product group and sample group. 0 mL of PBS, standard and sample were added to the fistula. All EP tubes were added with 0.2 mL of MDA test solution, mixed, and heated by boiling water for 15 minutes. After the end of the heating, the mixture was cooled to room temperature, centrifuged at 30000 r/min for 10 minutes, and 200 ⁇ L of the supernatant was added to a 96-well plate, and a reading was performed on a microplate reader to measure the absorbance at 532 nm. The MDA concentration ⁇ ⁇ in the system was calculated according to the standard curve.
  • the MDA content of the sample was divided by the concentration of the sample MDA by the protein concentration of the sample, and the final result was expressed as ⁇ mol/mg protein.
  • Standard absorbance k [micromoles of hydrogen peroxide] + b, the values of k and b are calculated from the standard curve.
  • Residual hydrogen peroxide micromoles (sample absorbance _b) / k.
  • Sample catalase enzyme activity consumption of hydrogen peroxide micromoles X dilution factor / (reaction minutes X sample volume X protein concentration).
  • the unit of sample catalase enzyme activity is units/mg protein.
  • LPS-induced inflammation forms an oxidative stress state in mice, which significantly reduces the activity of GSH-Px and CAT in mice and increases the concentration of lipid oxide MDA, while LPLP pretreatment can be significant. Improve the activity of CAT in mice under oxidative stress and reduce the content of MDA in vivo. From this, it can be speculated that LPLP protects normal tissues of the body from damage by lipid oxide by specifically up-regulating CAT enzyme activity. Table 12 Changes in antioxidant capacity of LPLP pretreated mice under stress
  • mice model of inflammation was induced by intraperitoneal injection of LPS.
  • the secretion of cytokines and the secretion of NO in mice immunized with LPLP aqueous solution and non-administered mice were compared.
  • the ability of bioactive peptide LPLP to regulate inflammation in mice was investigated. .
  • mice The method of feeding, grouping and sample collection of mice was the same as in Example 5.
  • Experimental reagents and equipment 1 Experimental main reagents
  • LPS Bacterial lipopolysaccharide
  • cytokines IFN- y, TNF_a, GM-CSF, IL-1 ⁇ , IL-4, IL-6, IL-13
  • 7 cytokines IFN- y, TNF_a, GM-CSF, IL-1 ⁇ , IL-4, IL-6, IL-13
  • Different standards are mixed and resuspended and serially diluted. The dissolved standards cannot be reused and need to be ready for use. The highest concentration standard was resuspended in 2 mL of the experimental dilution, equilibrated for 15 minutes at room temperature, and gently mixed with the tip of the gun.
  • the standard was diluted according to 1: 2, 1: 4, 1: 8, 1: 16, 1: 32, 1: 64, 1: 128 and 1: 256 to obtain 9 concentration gradient standards, respectively 2500pg /mL, 1250 pg/mL, 625 pg/mL, 312.5 pg/mL, 156 pg/mL, 80 pg/mL, 40 pg/mL, 20 pg/mL, and 10 pg/mL.
  • cytokine concentration is pg/mL.
  • the IFN- ⁇ secretion of the mice from the LPS intraperitoneal injection was significantly higher than that of the normal mice, and the INF- ⁇ concentration continued to rise, and began to decrease after reaching the peak at the 9th hour.
  • the concentration of pre-IFN- ⁇ in mice pretreated with LPLP increased faster than that in inflammatory model mice, but peaked at 6 hours, and the maximum concentration was only 1/2 of the maximum INF- ⁇ concentration in inflammatory model mice.
  • the results indicate that LPLP can regulate inflammation in both directions, and the early stage of inflammation promotes rapid development and expansion, and rapidly resolves in the late stage of inflammation.
  • the mechanism may be that LPLP selectively activates M2 macrophages.
  • TNF- ⁇ standard curve The concentration is plotted on the abscissa (unit pg/mL), and the MFI fluorescence detection amount is plotted on the ordinate.
  • the two groups of LPS injected with small IPS reached the maximum concentration after 1 hour of exposure, LPLP pre-position
  • the secretion of the mice was lower than that of the inflammatory model group at 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, and 12 hours after intraperitoneal injection, but the maximum concentration obtained by injection for 1 hour was higher than that of the inflammatory model group.
  • the concentration of TNF- ⁇ was down-regulated to reduce the killing effect on the body and protect the healthy tissues from injury.
  • IL-4 was not detected in the serum of normal mice and inflammatory model mice, indicating that Th2 cells were in an unactivated state in the normal state of the body, and did not need to secrete anti-inflammatory cytokines; Under the control of Th2 cells, the secretion of the main anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-4 is extremely low, and the concentration is below the minimum detection limit.
  • the serum IL-4 concentration of mice pretreated with LPLP was increased to 4 pg/mL, which proved that LPLP can alleviate the hyperinflammatory inhibition of Th2 cells and stimulate Th2 cells to initiate anti-inflammatory function.
  • IL-4 secretion decreased slightly with the gradual regression of inflammation, but it was still around 4 pg/mL, which proved that Th2 still exerts anti-inflammatory function, but it can follow the process of inflammation. Self-adjustment.
  • IL-13 could not be detected in the serum of normal mice, indicating that the anti-inflammatory cytokine was not secreted under normal conditions; under the stimulation of LPS, the mouse body had very low concentration of IL-13 secretion. It was confirmed that Th2 cell activity was inhibited by inflammation, and although it was not completely inhibited, it only exerted a weak anti-inflammatory function. In mice pretreated with LPLP, the secretion of serum IL-13 was significantly increased, and it was stable at 2 pg/mL from 1 hour to 12 hours after injection, demonstrating that LPLP can activate Th2 cells inhibited by inflammation. Increase the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines to achieve anti-inflammatory function.
  • the concentration of IL-6 in the LPLP pretreatment group was higher than that in the inflammatory model group, which proved that the regulation of inflammation by LPLP was bidirectional, and on the other hand, it promoted the initial resistance of inflammation. Inflammation occurs rapidly and expands, which effectively removes external pathogens. On the other hand, after completing the task of clearing pathogens, it causes inflammation to subside and accelerates the recovery of the body.
  • GM-CSF could not be detected in the serum of normal mice, but the inflammatory model of mice induced by intraperitoneal injection of LPS increased significantly from 1 hour after injection to the maximum concentration at 3 and 4 hours, 4 After a few hours, the rapid concentration decreased, and the cytokine dropped to the level of normal mice by 12 hours.
  • the GM-CSF in the first and second hours after intraperitoneal injection of LPLP was higher than that in the simultaneous inflammatory model group, and the subsequent concentrations were lower than the inflammatory model group, but the rate of decline was lower than that of the inflammatory model group, and the LPLP at the 12th hour.
  • a certain concentration of GM-CSF was still maintained in the serum of the pretreated mice.
  • GM-CSF Due to the dual nature of GM-CSF, on the one hand, it can amplify and transmit inflammation and inflammatory mediators, on the other hand, it can promote the colony and growth of epithelial cells and endothelial cells to promote healing of vascular repair.
  • LPLP not only exerts anti-inflammatory effects, but also increases the concentration of colony-stimulating factors in the late stage of inflammation to accelerate the repair of damaged blood vessels.
  • IL-1 ⁇ was not detected in normal mouse serum at various time points, but IL-1 ⁇ secretion was significantly increased from the second hour after LPS stimulation, after intraperitoneal injection. The maximum value reached the fourth hour and began to drop rapidly from the 9th hour.
  • the concentration of IL- ⁇ was high in the small, abdominal, and sputum of 1, 2, 3, and 4 hours after LPLP pretreatment.
  • IL-1 ⁇ levels in the LPLP pretreatment group decreased rapidly after 4 hours, which was significantly lower than that in the inflammatory model group.
  • the experimental results further prove that LPLP regulates inflammation in both directions. On the one hand, it promotes the expansion of initial inflammation, and more effectively eliminates exogenous pathogens. On the other hand, after completing the task of clearing pathogens, it promotes inflammation and accelerates the self-recovery of the body.
  • the results of the above seven cytokines show that the anti-inflammatory function of LPLP is not a single down-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and up-regulation of anti-inflammatory cytokines, but by dynamically regulating the concentration of cytokines in various stages of inflammation, accelerating the initial anti-inflammatory activity of inflammation. Time, expand the anti-inflammatory process, make the body more quickly and effectively remove the pathogen; in the late stage of inflammation, the body can quickly enter the state of inflammation regression, tissue repair, and at the same time properly assist the body to accelerate the repair of blood vessels and tissues.
  • the NO molecule has a very short half-life in the body, and it is easily oxidized to nitrite in combination with R0S. The nitrite continues to be oxidized to nitrate. It is easy to estimate the NO content by detecting the nitrite content in the serum of mice by the classical Griess method. Wrong conclusion. Therefore, using the total nitric oxide kit, the nitrate in the mouse serum was reduced to nitrite using nitrate reductase, and the NO content was detected by the Griess method.
  • the exact detection range of the kit is 2-50 ⁇ , a pre-experiment is required to determine the dilution factor of the sample.
  • the standard KN0 2 with a concentration of 10 mM was diluted to 2, 5, 10, 20, 50 ⁇ M, and it was used now; the powder NADPH was made up to a concentration of 2 mM and stored at -70 °C.
  • all the reagents in the kit were taken out from the -20 °C refrigerator, dissolved at room temperature and stored on ice. Otherwise, the reducing enzyme activity used in the reagents decreased.
  • the experiment needs to set up a 2-3 hole blank control tube for zero adjustment and draw a standard curve with a 5-6 well standard tube.
  • the blank control tube was sequentially added with 60 ⁇ L PBS, 5 ⁇ L NADPH working solution, 10 ⁇ L FAD and B 5 ⁇ L Nirtate Reductase, and the standard tube was sequentially added with 60 ⁇ L of different concentration standard solution and 5 ⁇ L of NADPH working solution per well. 10 ⁇ L FAD and B 5 ⁇ L Nirtate Reductase, the sample tube was sequentially added with 60 ⁇ L of diluted sample, 5 ⁇ L of NADPH working solution, lO L FAD and 5 L Nirtate Reductase.
  • the concentration of N0 in the serum is calculated according to the standard curve, and the concentration unit is ⁇ Mo
  • mice not pretreated with LPLP began to rise 1 hour after LPS injection, and did not decline after 12 hours; LPLP pretreatment inhibited NO secretion from immune cells, and N0 concentration began 9 hours after intraperitoneal injection. decline.
  • the experimental results show that LPLP can effectively inhibit the excessive secretion of N0, but ensure that the secretion of N0 can still play the role of inflammatory signaling and killing pathogens.

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Abstract

提供了一种具有体外抗氧化活性和增强机体免疫力的乳源性生物活性多肽,其氨基酸序列为LPLP。所述多肽具有较好的抗氧化生物学活性和增强细胞和机体免疫力的功能。

Description

一种生物活性多肽 LPLP及其制备和应用 技术领域 本发明涉及蛋白领域, 具体涉及一种生物活性多肽 LPLP及其制备和应用。
背景技术
在牛乳经乳酸菌发酵的过程中, 牛乳中的一部分蛋白质被乳酸菌代谢利用, 并发生了 一系列生理生化反应, 使蛋白质变为多肽或者游书离的氨基酸, 被人体消化吸收或通过小肠 上皮细胞的吸收转运直接进入人体的血液循环。 在这些多肽中, 有一部分具有特殊的生理 功能, 被称为 "生物活性多肽"。
氧化反应和氧化代谢对于食物和人体来说都是至关重要的, 自由基和活性氧引起了一 系列的氧化反应。 当过量的自由基形成, 它们会超过保护性酶如超氧化物歧化酶、 过氧化 氢酶的保护作用, 从而导致脂质氧化、 细胞凋亡等一系列的副作用产生。 这一类的氧化反 应, 不仅影响含脂食物的保质期, 也对人体的健康造成了一定的危害, 如风湿性关节炎、 糖尿病、 动脉硬化等。 此外, Collins等人 2005年研究发现癌症的发生也与 DNA的氧化损 伤有关。 机体抗氧化防御体系分为酶促与非酶促两种方式, 非酶促体系主要为维生素、 氨 基酸和金属蛋白质, 通过本身的还原性结构清除自由基或者利用蛋白的螯合作用除去起催 化作用的金属离子。 S0D、 GSH-Px、 CAT作为抗氧化酶促体系, 通过不同作用机制与非酶促 体系相互协同, 共同在维持机体活性氧代谢平衡过程中发挥作用。 还原酶主要通过两种不 同途径达到抗氧化功效: SOD 参与清除机体内超氧化物阴离子, 避免脂质过氧化; GSH-PX 和 CAT有效催化过氧化物分解, 阻断过氧化链形成。 防御性酶系的酶活越高, 清除自由基 的能力越强。 MDA是自由基与细胞膜不饱和脂肪酸反应生成的脂质过氧化产物, 反映了机体 的过氧化程度。 脂质过氧化物可以增加细胞膜的通透性, 对机体造成严重损伤。 大量研究 表明, 炎症引发细胞内活性氧大量生成, 机体自由基代谢平衡被打破, S0D、 GSH-PX, CAT 被大量消耗, 造成还原酶系总酶活的降低, MDA 的含量升高, 从而导致氧化应激, 是内毒 素性休克的重要原因之一。
早期一些人工合成的抗氧化剂如丁基羟基茴香醚 (BHA)、 2,6-二叔丁基 -4-甲基苯酚 (BHT) 被运用到食品中, 作为脂质的抗氧化剂, 但这些人工合成的添加剂对于人体都有 潜在的风险。 因此, 在天然食物来源中寻找安全的抗氧化剂尤为重要。 近些年来, 人们发 现一些食物来源的多肽类物质具有良好的抗氧化作用, 如玉米短肽、 大豆肽、 牛乳多肽等。 这些多肽可以通过微生物发酵、 消化酶解等多种途径得到, 并且大多具有抗氧化活性的多 肽是由 2〜20个氨基酸残基组成, 分子量小于 6000Da, 含有一定量的疏水氨基酸、 芳香族 氨基酸。
免疫活性肽是继阿片肽发现后首次从乳中获得并证明其生理活性的一类生物活性多 肽。 1981年 Jolles等人首次发现, 利用胰蛋白酶水解人乳蛋白, 可以得到一个氨基酸序列 为 Val-Glu-Pro-Ile-Pra-Tyr的六肽, 体外实验证明该肽能够增强小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞对绵羊血 红细胞的吞噬作用。 Migliore-Samour等人发现来自酪蛋白的六肽 Thr-Thr-Met-Pro-Leu-Trp 能够刺激绵羊血红细胞对小鼠腹膜巨噬细胞的吞噬作用以及增强对于肺炎克雷伯菌的抵 抗。 李素萍等人用合成的乳源免疫调节肽 (PGPIPN) 伺喂大鼠发现大鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的吞 噬作用和红细胞相关的免疫调节功能有显著的增强。
研究表明, 免疫活性肽不仅能够增强机体免疫力, 刺激机体淋巴细胞的增殖, 增强巨 噬细胞的吞噬功能, 还能促进细胞因子的释放、 提高机体抵御外界病原体感染的能力, 降 低机体发病率, 而且不会引起机体的免疫排斥反应。
炎症是机体为清除病原体、 防止对机体组织造成更大损伤过程中的一系列防御反应。 适度的炎症通过活化、 调节免疫细胞分泌细胞因子、 NO及 R0S来清除致病因子、 修复受损 组织。 但过度的炎症导致促炎细胞因子过度分泌, 抑制了抗炎细胞因子的分泌, 同时细胞 内产生过量的 NO与 R0S, 破坏机体防御体系的抗氧化能力, 形成氧化应激状态, 进一步加 剧炎症。 动物实验与临床观察发现发生全身性炎症或内毒性休克, 极大增加机体的死亡率。 抗炎治疗的目的是消除炎症对机体带来的不利影响和避免炎症的过度发生, 因此在抑制促 炎细胞活性的同时, 要避免造成机体的免疫失能。 然而, 当前大多数抗炎药物通过抑制淋 巴细胞、 巨噬细胞的活性或者直接杀灭免疫细胞对过度炎症进行控制, 在正常机体内和炎 症机体内, 这类抗炎药物显示出对细胞增殖的显著性抑制作用, 对机体具有强烈的副作用。 因此, 在机体发生炎症时有效抗炎的同时, 减少药物本身对机体的损害非常重要。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种生物活性多肽, 其氨基酸序列为 Leu-Pro-Leu-Pro ( LPLP, SEQ ID NO: D o 较优的, 所述生物活性多肽的来源为乳源性。
本发明的生物活性多肽 LPLP为乳源性, 具体来源于 β-酪蛋白, 并且为 β-酪蛋白 (SEQ ID
ΝΟ:3)第 150〜153位的氨基酸残基。
较优的, 所述生物活性多肽具有体外抗氧化活性和增强机体免疫力的功能。
本发明的生物活性多肽可以通过基因工程的方法和化学方法人工合成, 也可以从乳制 品中通过分离纯化的方法直接获得。
本发明还公开了编码前述生物活性多肽的核苷酸片段。
β-酪蛋白的氨基酸序列以及核苷酸序列为既有技术,编码 β-酪蛋白第 150〜153位氨基酸 残基的核苷酸片段能编码成熟的生物活性多肽 LPLP。
进一步的, 编码前述生物活性多肽的核苷酸片段, 其序列为: 5'-CttCCtctgCCt-3' ( SEQ ID NO:2) o
本发明第二方面公开了前述生物活性多肽的制备方法, 步骤如下:
1 ) 发酵: 将瑞士乳杆菌 iLactobacillus helveticus ) 添加到脱脂乳中进行厌氧发酵, 获得瑞 士乳杆菌发酵乳;
2 ) 多肽的粗提: 对步骤 1 ) 的瑞士乳杆菌发酵乳进行低温离心分离, 取上清液;
3 ) 多肽的纯化:
a. 对步骤 2) 的上清液进行超滤处理, 收集滤液;
b. 收集的滤液采用反向层析柱 SOURSE 5 RPC ST (4.6 X 150mm) 进行反相高效液相 色谱分离, 收集生物活性多肽 LPLP。
本发明所述脱脂乳为经过脱脂处理的乳制品, 通常脱脂乳中脂肪含量小于 0. 1%。 较优的, 步骤 1 ) 所述厌氧发酵的条件为: 发酵温度 36〜38°C, 发酵培养 15〜20h; 优选发酵培养 19h。
较优的, 步骤 2 ) 所述低温离心的条件为: 4°C, 8000〜10000rpm, 离心 15〜30min。 较优的, 步骤 3 ) a所述超滤法所采用的滤膜的截留分子量分别为 lOkDa和 3kDa。 本 发明采用截留分子量分别为 10kDa、 3kDa的滤膜, 使样品依次通过两张滤膜进行超滤。
更优的, 步骤 3 ) a 所述超滤过程中, 压力范围为 0.1〜0.3MPa, 滤液流速为 0.8〜
1. 2mL/min。
较优的, 步骤 3 ) b反相高效液相色谱分离法中, 流动相 A为含有 2%乙腈和 0.05%TFA 的 dd¾0; 流动相 B为 100%乙腈。
较优的, 步骤 3 ) b反相高效液相色谱分离法中, 收集分子量为 439. 29Da的多肽的洗 脱峰, 即为生物活性多肽 LPLP。
在本发明反相高效液相色谱法分离过程中, 已知 LPLP 的分子量, 收集分子大小为 439. 29Da的洗脱峰,即为本发明的生物活性多肽 LPLP。具体的,本发明分子大小为 439. 29Da 的洗脱峰其保留时间为 21min。
本发明第三方面公开了前述生物活性多肽在制备抗氧化和 /或增强机体免疫力的食品、 保健品及药物中的应用。
本发明的生物活性多肽 LPLP 可以用于酸奶等乳制品、 减少自由基对皮肤伤害的化妆 品; 制备具有抗炎消炎功能的护肤品和 /或注射类药物; 并且由于本发明的生物活性多肽 LPLP能够通过胃肠道直接吸收不被降解, 因此可以用于制备提高免疫力的保健品, 或者用 于制备具有抗氧化和 /或增强机体免疫力的药物。
本发明第四方面公开了一种抗氧化药物,包含前述生物活性多肽 LPLP或前述生物活性 多肽 LPLP的衍生物。
本发明第五方面公开了一种增强机体免疫力药物,包含前述生物活性多肽 LPLP或前述 生物活性多肽 LPLP的衍生物。
本发明第六方面公开了一种消炎药物,包含前述生物活性多肽 LPLP或前述生物活性多 肽 LPLP的衍生物。 本发明第七方面公开了一种增强机体免疫力的方法, 包括对患者施用前述生物活性多 肽 LPLP或前述生物活性多肽 LPLP的衍生物。
本发明最后一方面还公开了一种消除机体炎症的方法, 包括对患者施用前述生物活性 多肽 LPLP或前述生物活性多肽 LPLP的衍生物。
所述多肽的衍生物, 是指在多肽的氨基酸侧链基团上、 氨基端或羧基端进行羟基化、 羧基化、 羰基化、 甲基化、 乙酰化、 磷酸化、 酯化或糖基化等修饰, 得到的多肽衍生物。
本发明生物活性多肽 LPLP的有益效果为: 本发明的乳源性生物活性多肽 LPLP具有很 好的抗氧化活性、 抗炎活性和促进机体免疫力活性; 一方面能够清除机体内的自由基, 减 少自由基对人体的伤害; 同时提高机体本身抗氧化酶的活力, 提高机体自身清除体内自由 基的效率; 另一方面, 本发明的生物活性多肽 LPLP还能够增强机体免疫力, 增强巨噬细胞 的吞噬功能, 在保证清除炎症病原体的前体下, 縮短炎症过程, 保护机体不受过度炎症损 害, 加速炎症愈合的进程, 提高机体抵御外界病原体感染的能力, 降低机体发病率, 而且 能够不被消化酶降解通过胃肠道直接吸收, 进入体内不会引起机体的免疫排斥反应。 对开 发具有抗氧化功能及增强免疫功能的乳制品和保健品具有十分重要的意义。 附图说明
图 1: 瑞士乳杆菌发酵乳与未经发酵处理的脱脂乳超滤后粗提物的质谱对比图 (A:
3000Da未经发酵的脱脂乳粗提物质谱图, B: 3000Da瑞士乳杆菌发酵乳粗提物质谱图) 图 2: 3000Da未经发酵脱脂乳粗提物与 3000Da瑞士乳杆菌发酵脱脂乳粗提物分子量 差异及丰度比较
图 3: 反相高效液相色谱分离对照发酵乳和瑞士乳杆菌发酵乳中生物活性多肽比较图 (a 曲线: 对照发酵乳反相高效液相色谱 215nm的洗脱图谱; b 曲线: 瑞士乳杆菌发酵乳 3000Da上清液反相高效液相色谱 215nm的洗脱图谱)
图 4: 质量色谱提取图 (m/z= 439.29)
图 5: 质荷比为 439.29的片段的一级质谱图
图 6: 质荷比为 439.29的片段的二级质谱图
图 7: 质荷比为 439.29的多肽 az、 by断裂情况及计算得到的序列
图 8: [DPPH · ]甲醇标准曲线
图 9: 瑞士乳杆菌发酵乳中生物活性多肽对 [DPPH · ]自由基清除率
图 10: FeS04标准曲线结果
图 11: 酶解处理后 LPLP的总离子流图
图 12: 酶解处理后 LPLP的一级质谱图
图 13: HPLC检测 LPLP浓度图谱
图 14: LPLP标准品吸收峰面积与浓度百分含量标准曲线
图 15: IFN- γ标准曲线
图 156: 生物活性多肽 LPLP对小鼠 IFN- γ分泌量的影响
图 17: TNF-α标准曲线
图 178: 生物活性多肽 LPLP对小鼠 TNF- a分泌量的影响
图 19: IL-4标准曲线
图 20: 生物活性多肽 LPLP对小鼠 IL-4分泌量的影响
图 21: IL-13标准曲线
图 22: 生物活性多肽 LPLP对小鼠 IL-13分泌量的影响
图 23: IL-6标准曲线
图 22: 生物活性多肽 LPLP对小鼠 IL-6分泌量的影响 图 245: GM-CSF标准曲线
图 26: 生物活性多肽 LPLP对小鼠 GM-CSF分泌量的影响
图 27: IL-Ι β标准曲线
图 28: 生物活性多肽 LPLP对小鼠 IL-1 β分泌量的影响
图 29: 总 NO标准曲线
图 30: 生物活性多肽 LPLP对小鼠总 NO分泌量的影响
具体实施方式
在进一步描述本发明具体实施方式之前, 应理解, 本发明的保护范围不局限于下述特 定的具体实施方案; 还应当理解, 本发明实施例中使用的术语是为了描述特定的具体实施 方案, 而不是为了限制本发明的保护范围。
当实施例给出数值范围时, 应理解, 除非本发明另有说明, 每个数值范围的两个端点 以及两个端点之间任何一个数值均可选用。 除非另外定义, 本发明中使用的所有技术和科 学术语与本技术领域技术人员通常理解的意义相同。 除实施例中使用的具体方法、 设备、 材料外, 根据本技术领域的技术人员对现有技术的掌握及本发明的记载, 还可以使用与本 发明实施例中所述的方法、 设备、 材料相似或等同的现有技术的任何方法、 设备和材料来 实现本发明。
除非另外说明, 本发明中所公开的实验方法、 检测方法、 制备方法均采用本技术领域 常规的分子生物学、 生物化学、 染色质结构和分析、 分析化学、 细胞培养、 重组 DNA技术 及相关领域的常规技术。 这些技术在现有文献中已有完善说明, 具体可参见 Sambrook等 MOLECULAR CLONING : A LABORATORY MANUAL, Second edition, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 1989 and Third edition, 2001 ; Ausubel等, CURRENT PROTOCOLS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1987 and periodic updates ; the series METHODS IN ENZYMOLOGY, Academic Press, San Diego ; Wolffe, CHROMATIN STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION, Third edition, Academic Press, San Diego, 1998 ; METHODS IN ENZYMOLOGY, Vol.304, Chromatin (P.M.Wassarman and A.P.Wolffe, eds.), Academic Press, San Diego, 1999 ; 和 METHODS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, Vol.119, Chromatin Protocols(P. B.Becker, ed.)Humana Press, Totowa, 1999等。 实施例 1 活性肽的制备 一、 发酵乳的制备
1 ) 瑞士乳杆菌发酵乳 采用脱脂奶粉 (新西兰 NZMP牌脱脂奶粉) 与水配置 12wt%的脱脂乳 (12g脱脂奶粉 加入到 88g 水中, 下同)。 在无菌条件下, 挑取瑞士乳杆菌 ί Lactobacillus helveticus , CICC6024 菌落三环, 将其加入已灭菌的 12 wt %的脱脂乳中, 在无菌条件下搅拌均匀。接 种完成后, 用铝箔封口, 以防止污染。 置于培养箱中 37°C培养 19h。 培养结束后, 在无菌 条件下将凝乳搅拌均匀, 即完成瑞士乳杆菌的活化, 制得用于制备瑞士乳杆菌发酵乳的发 酵剂。
取 10mL已制备的瑞士乳杆菌发酵剂接种到 500mL已灭菌的 12^%脱脂乳中 (接种率 为 2 v/v %), 37°C发酵 19h后, 在无菌条件下搅开凝乳, 在 4°C条件下保存, 得到瑞士乳杆 菌发酵乳。
2 ) 对照发酵乳 采用同样方法, 使用保加利亚乳杆菌 Lactobadllus Bulgaricus, LB340)和嗜热链球茵 (Streptococcus The画 philus, TA40 M乍为发酵菌种制作对照发酵乳。 具体方法为: 在无菌条件下, 分别挑取保加利亚乳杆菌与嗜热链球茵菌落三环, 将其 分别加入已灭菌的 12 wt%的脱脂乳中, 在无菌条件下搅拌均匀。接种完成后, 用铝箔封口, 以防止污染。 置于培养箱中 37°C培养 19h。 培养结束后, 在无菌条件下将凝乳搅拌均匀, 即完成保加利亚乳杆菌与嗜热链球茵的活化, 制得用于制备对照发酵乳的两种发酵剂。
取 5mL已制备的保加利亚乳杆菌发酵剂和 5mL嗜热链球菌发酵剂,共同接种到 500mL 已灭菌的 12 ^ %脱脂乳中(接种率为 2 v/v %), 37°C发酵 19h后, 在无菌条件下搅开凝乳, 在 4°C条件下保存, 得到对照发酵乳。 二、 生物活性多肽的确认
1.实验方法
1 ) 样品处理
分别将前一步骤制备的瑞士乳杆菌发酵乳和对照发酵乳, 以及 12wt%的脱脂乳装入离 心管中进行低温离心, 离心条件为 9000rpm/min, 4°C, 20min。 离心后弃沉淀, 取上清液。
将上清液分别倒入超滤杯中, 为了防止生物活性多肽被氧化, 打开氮气罐压力阀充氮, 同时打开磁力搅拌装置, 以防止溶液出现浓差极化现象。 使样品分别通过截留分子量为 lOkDa, 3kDa的滤膜, 待有滤液流出时进行收集。
超滤过程中, 应保持流速稳定, 滤液清澈。 流速控制在 lmL/min 左右, 压力为 0.1〜0.3MPa, 分别收集瑞士乳杆菌发酵乳、 对照发酵乳, 以及未发酵的 12 wt %脱脂乳的滤 液作为实验样、 对照样以及空白对照, 于 -4°C冷冻保存。
2) 质谱分析
将前一步骤收集的瑞士乳杆菌发酵乳超滤后的滤液 (实验样) 和脱脂乳超滤后的滤液 (空白对照) 进行质谱分析, 质谱条件如下:
离子方式: ES+
质量范围 (m/z): 100-1500
毛细管电压 (Capillary) (kV): 3.0
采样锥 (V): 35.0
离子源温度 (°C ) ): 100
去溶剂温度 (°C ): 350
去溶剂气流 (L/hr): 600.0
碰撞能量 ( eV): 6.0
扫描时间 (sec): 0.3
内扫描时间 (sec): 0.02
2. 实验结果
瑞士乳杆菌发酵乳超滤后的滤液(实验样)和脱脂乳超滤后的滤液(空白对照) 的质谱 对比结果见图 1〜2。图 1中的 A曲线为 3000Da未经发酵的脱脂乳(空白对照)粗提物样品, 图 1中的 B曲线为 3000Da瑞士乳杆菌发酵乳粗提物样品 (实验样)。 经过比较可以看出, 经过瑞士乳杆菌发酵后, 3000Da未经发酵乳粗提物和 3000Da瑞士乳杆菌发酵脱脂乳粗提物 的组分上发生很大变化, 且这些组分由于疏水性不同保留时间亦有所差异。 此质谱质量范 围为 100Da-1500Da, 因此可知脱脂乳在 1500Da以下、 210nm处有吸收的小分子物质相对较 少; 而经过瑞士乳杆菌发酵后, 在这一分子量范围内的物质明显增多, 说明了这些多肽并 不存在于未经发酵处理的脱脂乳中, 而是经瑞士乳杆菌发酵后才产生的。 而且我们发现随 着发酵时间的延长, 多肽的丰度明显增多, 进一步证实了通过瑞士乳杆菌的发酵, 脱脂乳 中原有的大分子蛋白被分解, 从单一的大分子蛋白变为量多且复杂的小分子多肽。 图 2是 3000Da未经发酵脱脂乳( 对昭 》捣物 3000Da瑞士乳杆菌发酵脱脂乳(实 验样) 粗提物不同分子量物质丰度差异的比较结果。 纵向轴表明在脱脂乳粗提物中所含物 质对应的分子量, 横向轴表明发酵乳粗提物中所含物质对应的分子量。 通过比较, 可以得 到瑞士乳杆菌发酵乳和未经发酵脱脂乳中, 因为发酵所带来的差异较大的物质的分子量, 从而选择这些质荷比的母离子通过二级质谱进行进一步的分析。 如图 1所示, 分子量 397. 07Da, 保留时间 6. 72分钟的物质在脱脂乳粗提物中含量较高 (图 1-A图谱中的峰), 而发酵乳中几乎没有。 而分子量为 232. 15Da, 保留时间为 3. 61min 的物质在发酵乳和脱脂乳中的含量均比较高。 因此, 我们选择了在发酵乳中含量较高而在 未经发酵的脱脂乳中含量较低的组分进行了差异比较, 比较结果见表 1。
表 1 : 3000Da瑞士乳杆菌发酵乳粗提物与 3000Da脱脂乳粗提物差异比较
分子量 3000Da脱脂乳粗提物 3000Da发酵乳粗提物
显著性
(Da) (unit) (unit)
504.2302 0.0779 0 37.23±2.78
444.2442 0.1498 0 71.58±4.27
585.3251 0.0886 0 41.72±4.02
748.3877 0.0753 0 35.25±2.46
439.291 0.3968 0 186.95±10.67
1025.5662 0.2441 0 115.86±7.17 根据 MarkerLynx 软件分析,得到具有显著性差异的(p〉0. 05 )分子量片段如表 1所示, 根据丰度和质荷比情况, 选择 439. 291Da, 保留时间为 16. 20 min的多肽进行二级质谱的测 序分析。 三、 生物活性多肽的分离提纯和产量的比较 1.实验仪器和试剂 仪器: AKTA蛋白纯化仪 purifier 10
色谱柱规格: SOURSE 5 RPC ST4.6/150
流速: lmL/min
温度: 25 °C
紫外检测波长: 215nm
流动相 A: 含有 2%乙腈和 0.05%TFA的 ddH20
流动相 B: 100%乙腈
进样量: lmL 梯度条件: 0min-7.5min保持 100%A液; 7.5min-42.5minB液从 0%变为 50%; 42.5min-45minB 液从 50%变为 100%; 45min-50min保持 100%B液; 50min-72minA液从 0%变为 100%。
2. 实验方法 样品前处理: 将实验样和对照样与流动相 A液对半稀释 (体积比 1 : 1进行稀释), 作为 上样样品。 上样样品进行反相高效液相色谱分析, 实验结果见图 3。
3. 实验结果 由图 3可见, a曲线是对照样的反相高效液相色谱 215nm的洗脱图谱,洗脱时间为 26min 处有一明显的吸收峰, 其余峰高相对较低, 根据吸收值和肽键浓度的正比关系, 可认为在 12%对照发酵乳 3000Da上清液 (对照样) 中, 其多肽类物质较少, 且种类单一。 b曲线是 瑞士乳杆菌发酵乳 3000Da上清液(实验样)反相高效液相色谱 215nm的洗脱图谱, 与对照 发酵乳相比, 瑞士乳杆菌发酵乳 3000Da上清液的反相图谱中吸收峰明显增多, 且在洗脱时 间为 21min、 24min和 33min处有三处最为明显的吸收峰, 实验中对这三个峰进行了收集, 分别记录为发酵乳分离物 B峰、 发酵乳分离物 C峰和发酵乳分离物 D峰。
根据对各分子量对应的多肽与原发酵乳分离物 B峰、 C峰和 D峰对应分子量物质的保留 时间对比, 发现分子量 439. 29Da的物质来源于发酵乳分离物的 B峰。
通过对照发酵乳和瑞士乳杆菌发酵乳的比较, 可发现经过瑞士乳杆菌发酵得到的发酵 乳, 其含有比对照发酵乳更为丰富的、 分子量小于 3000Da的多肽物质。 这些多肽类物质是 由于原脱脂乳中的大蛋白被瑞士乳杆菌所分泌的胞内酶和胞外酶分解, 释放出一些多肽片 段和游离的氨基酸所形成的。乳酸菌所分泌的胞外酶对乳品中 β -酪蛋白片段具有非特异性 或特异性的切割。 通常这些由微生物发酵得到的多肽类物质, 极有可能具有一定的生物活 性。 如果使用保加利亚乳杆菌和嗜热链球菌组合生产普通酸奶, 由于多肽的产量少, 品种 单一, 生物活性相对较低。
根据反相高效液相色谱原理, 疏水性较差的物质由于与分离柱固相结合力较弱, 先从 分离柱中洗脱下来, 而疏水性较好的物质与分离柱固相键合作用较大, 后从分离柱中被洗 脱下来。 由此可得, 三个分离物其疏水性按如下顺序排列: 瑞士乳杆菌发酵乳分离物 Β峰> 〔峰> 0峰。 经过收集操作, 得到 Β峰值的样品, 采用真空冷冻干燥技术进行冷冻干燥, -4 °C冷冻保藏, 作为后续质谱分析、 体外功能性检测的实验材料。 四、 生物活性多肽的质量和氨基酸序列测定
1.实验方法 ( 1 ) 色谱条件:
仪器: Waters ACQUITY UPLC超高效液相 -电喷雾-四级杆-飞行时间质仪
色谱柱规格: BEH C18 色谱柱
流速: 0.4mL/min
温度: 45 °C
紫外检测波长: 210nm
进样量: 7 L
梯度条件: 0min-3min保持 99%A液, 1%B液; 3min-9minB液从 1%变为 5%, A液从 99% 变为 95%; 9min-15minB液从 5%变为 10%, A液从 95%变为 90%; 15min-21min%B液从 10%变为 25%, A液从 90%变为 75%; 21min-24min, B液从 25%变为 40%, A也从 75%变 为 60%; 24min-27min, B液从 40%变为 80%, A液从 60%变为 20%; 27min-27.5min保持 80%B 液, 20%A 液; 27.5min-28min, B 液从 80%变为 5%, A 液从 20%变为 95% ; 28min-28.5min, B液从 5%变为 1%, A液从 95%变为 99%; 28.5min-30min, 保持 99%A液, 1%B液。 A液: 含有 2%乙腈和 0.05%TFA的 ddH20; B液: 100%乙腈
(2) 质谱条件:
离子方式: ES+
质量范围 (m/z): 100-1500
毛细管电压 (Capillary) (kV): 3.0
采样锥 (V): 35.0
离子源温度 (°C ) ): 100
去溶剂温度 (°C ): 350
去溶剂气流 (L/hr): 600.0
碰撞能量 ( eV): 6.0
扫描时间 (sec): 0.3
内扫描时间 (sec): 0.02
二级质谱母离子质量 (m/z): 439.3
根据上述实验条件, 利用超高效液相-电喷雾 -四级杆-飞行时间质谱, 得到瑞士乳杆菌 发酵乳分离物 B峰中分子量为 439.29Da的质量色谱提取图、 一级质谱图、 二级质谱图和通 过 Masslynx软件计算氨基酸序列, 结果图见图 4-7。
2. 实验结果 由图 7可知,根据 az、by断裂的情况,经过 Masslynx软件分析计算,得到质荷比 439. 29Da 的片段序列为 Leu-Pro-Leu-Pro ( LPLP) , 记为 SEQ ID NO: 1。 该片段来源于瑞士乳杆菌 发酵乳分离物 B峰, 与 β _酪蛋白的 150〜153号的残基序列相对应, β _酪蛋白氨基酸序列 的 GenBank编号为 AAA30431. 1, 序列见 SEQ ID NO: 3。
实施例 2 生物活性多肽的体外抗氧化活性实验 采用清除自由基法(DPPH*法)和总抗氧化能力法(Ferric Reducing Ability Power FRAP 法), 对实施例 1得到的生物活性多肽 LPLP的抗氧化活性进行测试。
1、 [DPPH- ]法测定生物活性多肽 LPLP的体外抗氧化活性
1 ) 实验试剂及仪器
试剂: 1, 1-二苯基 -2-三硝基苯肼 ( 1, l-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl [DPPH · ] ) , 日本 Wako公司生产; 甲醇, 上海国药公司提供; 实施例 1获得的瑞士乳杆菌发酵得到 的乳源性生物活性多肽 LPLP (收集到的 B峰值样品) 。
主要仪器: Sunrise 酶标仪,奥地利 Tecan公司产品;96孔细胞培养板,美国 Mi l l ipore 公司制造; 分析天平, Meitelei-tol ido公司产品。
2 ) 实验方法
( 1 ) lmmol/L [DPPH · ]甲醇溶液
用分析天平称取 0· 349mg [DPPH · ]溶于 ImL甲醇溶液中, 配制得到的 lmmol/L [DPPH · ] 甲醇溶液, 锡纸避光保存, 即配即用。
( 2 ) [DPPH · ]甲醇标准曲线的测定
在 96孔板中按表 2分别加入 100 μ L [DPra · ]甲醇标准曲线样品, 室温静置 90min, 用酶标仪在 517nm处检测吸光值。 表 2 [DPPH · ]甲醇标准曲线溶液配制
1 2 3 4 5 6
[DPPH · ]甲醇(μ 100 80 60 40 20 0
甲醇 (μί) 0 20 40 60 80 100
[DPPH · ]甲醇标准 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0
溶液 (mmol/1) 根据实验结果,使用 Excel拟合曲线并计算回归方程,结果见图 8(回归方程: y=-0. 192x 十 0. 2271, R2=0. 9991 [DPi¾ · ]甲醇标准曲线的线性关系良好, 相关系数为 0. 999, 表明 [DPPH * ]甲醇标准曲线精密度和准确度均符合检测要求。 从结果看, 吸光度值与 0)ΡΡΗ · ] 含量呈反比关系, 0 ΡΡΗ · ]含量越少, 吸光值越高, 即样品清除自由基的能力越强。
(3) [DPPH · ]法测定生物活性多肽 LPLP的抗氧化活性
待检测样品的制备:
1 ) 样品组: 在 96孔板中加入 80 μ L浓度为 lmmol/L [DPPH · ]甲醇溶液、 按表 3分别 加入 20 不同浓度的待测样品 (LPLP), 阳性对照 1 ( 2. 5mg/mL的 Trolox), 阳 性对照 2 (0. 025mg/mL的 Trolox), 和阴性对照 (植酸);
2) 空白组:在同一 96孔板上,以加入 80 浓度为 lmmol/L [DPPH ·]甲醇溶液和 20 μ L 去离子水的样品做空白对照。
待检测样品加样完毕后, 室温静置 90min, 用酶标仪在 517nm处检测吸光值。 按照下 式计算自由基清除率, 实验结果见表 3。
OD空白 - OD样品
[DPPH · ]自由基清除率: χ 100%
OD空白 表 3 [DPPH * ]法测定瑞士乳杆菌发酵乳中生物活性多肽的抗氧化活性结果 (%)
样品浓度 (mg/mL)
样品名称 10.00 .00 2.50 1.25 0.625 待测样品 29.2±0.0 25.86±0.1 23.21±0.0 23.21±0. 19.84±0.0
(LPLP) 8 0 8 04 3 阳性对照 1 99.96±0.00
(2.5mg/mL 16
Trolox)
阳性对照 2 71.08±0.03
( 0.025mg/mL
Trolox )
阴性对照 (植 58.49±0.08
酸) 从图 9可以看出, 作为阳性对照的 2. 5mg/mL的 Trolox在相同条件下具有最强的清除 自由基的能力, 几乎能清除溶液中所有的自由基, 其次为 0. 025mg/mL的 Trolox、 植酸、 发 酵乳分离物 B峰分离肽。 本发明从发酵乳分离物 B峰中分离的多肽 LPLP清除 [DPPH · ]自由 基率为 29. 23%, 并且随着 LPLP浓度的降低, 清除自由基能力减弱。
2、 FARP法测定发酵乳中多肽体外抗氧化能力
1 ) 实验试剂和仪器
试剂: 总抗氧化能力检测试剂盒(Ferric Reducing Ability of Plasma FRAP法) , 购自上 海碧云天生物科技公司; FeS04溶液( 10mmol/L);水溶性维生素 E(TrolOX溶液)( 10mmol/L); 实施例 1获得的瑞士乳杆菌发酵得到的乳源性生物活性多肽 LPLP。
主要仪器: Sunrise 酶标仪, 奥地利 Tecan 公司产品; 96 孔细胞培养板, 美国 Mi l l ipore公司制造; 分析天平, Meitelei-tol ido公司产品; HWS26型 电热恒温水 浴锅, 上海一恒科技有限公司制造。
2) 实验方法
( 1 ) FRAP工作液的配制
根据总抗氧化能力检测试剂盒使用说明, 将 TPTZ 7. 5mL稀释液、 TPTZ 750 L溶液、 检 测缓冲液 750 混合均匀, 并在 37°C水浴中孵育, 2h内用完。
( 2) FeS04标准曲线曲线的制作测定
在 96孔板中先加入 180微升 FRAP工作液, 按表 4力口入 5 μ L FeSO^ 准曲线溶液, 轻 轻混匀, 37°C孵育 3_5min后, 用酶标仪在 593nm处测定吸光值。 表 4 FeS04标准曲线测定的溶液配制
1 2 3 4 5 6
FeS04溶液(μυ 10 5 2 1 0.5 0
ddH20 0 5 8 9 9.5 10
FeSO^ 准溶液 1 0.5 0.2 0.1 0.05 0
(mmol/L)
FeS04浓度与吸光值呈良好的正比关系, FeS04浓度越高, 吸光值越高。 本发明 FeSO^ 准曲线结果见图 10, 标准曲线的线性关系良好, 相关系数为 0. 998, FeSO^ 准曲线的精密 度和准确度均符合检测要求, 可用于后续计算。
( 3) FRAP法测定生物活性多肽 LPLP的抗氧化能力
在 96孔板中先加入 180 μ L FRAP工作液, 空白对照孔中加入 5 μ L dd¾0, 样品检测孔 内加入 5 L待测样品、 阳性对照内加入 5 L植酸, 轻轻混匀, 37°C孵育 3-5min后, 用酶 标仪在 593nm处测定吸光值。 总抗氧化能力表示方式以 FeS04标准溶液的浓度来表示。 按照 下式计算总抗氧化能力, 实验结果见表 5。
与样品 OD值相同的 FeS04标准溶液浓度 ( mmol/L)
总抗氧化能力 (mmol/g)
样品浓度 (mg/mL) 表 5 FARP法测定瑞士乳杆菌发酵乳中生物活性多肽的总抗氧化能力结果
样品名称 浓度 对应的 FeS04浓 总抗氧化能力 (mg/mL) 度 (mmol/L) (mmol/g) 样品组 多肽 LPLP 4.00 0.0836±0.0351 0.0209
阳性对照组 植酸 4.00 0.0356±0.0055 0.0089 通过总抗氧化能力法 (Ferric Reducing Ability Power FRAP法) 对瑞士乳杆菌发酵乳中 分离的多肽 LPLP的体外总抗氧化活性进行了测定,发现瑞士乳杆菌发酵乳中分离物中的生 物活性多肽 LPLP具有一定的还原氧化物质的能力,其总抗氧化能力为 0.0209mmol/g。本发 明从瑞士乳杆菌发酵乳中分离得到的多肽 LPLP的总抗氧化能力,高于同等浓度下具有弱抗 氧化活性的植酸, 并且具有显著性 (p>0.05 ) 差异。 因此, 本发明的生物活性多肽 LPLP具 有显著的抗氧化能力。
实施例 3 生物活性多肽 LPLP的促进机体免疫力活性实验 一、 MTT法测定生物活性多肽 LPLP的体外巨噬细胞增殖能力实验
1 ) 实验试剂和仪器
试剂: 实验动物 balb/c小鼠 (雄性 6-8周龄) 上海交通大学农业与生物学院动物实验 中心; 瑞士乳杆菌发酵得到的乳源性生物活性多肽 LPLP; 3-(4, 5-二甲基噻唑 -2)-2, 5- 二苯基四氮唑溴盐 (MTT) Amresco公司; LPS (脂多糖), 购自 Sigma公司; 牛血清白蛋 白 (Bovine Serum Albumin, BSA) Genebase公司; 三联溶解液, 含 10%SDS、 5%异丁醇以及 0. 012mol/L HC1的水溶液。
仪器设备: LRH-250F生化培养箱 上海一恒科技有限公司; GL-22M高速冷冻离心机 上 海卢湘仪离心机仪器有限公司; Hera cell 150 C02 培养箱 Heraeus公司; Dragon Wellscan MK3酶标仪 Labsystems公司。
2) 试验方法:
balb/c小鼠腹腔注射 2ml 的 2% (w/w) 灭菌淀粉溶液, 连续注射三天, 最后一次注射 24h后断颈处死。 剥去腹部皮肤, 用注射器吸取 4°C磷酸盐缓冲液 (PBS) 反复冲洗腹腔, 离心管收集冲洗液后, 离心 (lOOOrpm, 4°C ) 10分钟后弃上清, 用 4°C的 RPMI 1640完全培 养液 (含 10%FBS) 洗涤两次, 0. 2%台盼蓝溶液染色做细胞活力检测, 确认采集到的有活力 巨噬细胞占 95%以上。 细胞计数板读数后, 调整细胞浓度至合适浓度。
将已吹打至完全悬浮的细胞悬液加入 96孔细胞培养板, 细胞悬液 ΙΟΟ μ Ι/孔, 细胞个 数为 2 X 107ml; 37°C、 5%C02环境下培养 4h后, 吸弃孔中液体, 用 37°C的 RPMI 1640完全 培养液小心清洗细胞培养板孔底, 洗去未贴壁的细胞和细胞碎片, 得到纯化后的贴壁腹腔 巨噬细胞。 每孔加入 0. 2ml的 RPMI 1640完全培养基, 实验用小肽样品及 LPS事先溶解于培 养基后加入, 开始细胞培养。
得到纯化后的贴壁腹腔巨噬细胞后, 实验组每孔加溶解有生物活性多肽 LPLP (lmg/ml) 的 RPMI 1640 完全培养液 (10%FBS) 200 μ ΐ/孔, 连续培养 48h; 阴性对照组每孔加溶解有 BSA ( 500 μ g/mL) 的 RPMI 1640完全培养液 ( 10%FBS) 200 μ ΐ/孔; 空白组添加 RPMI 1640完 全培养液 (10%FBS) 200 μ ΐ/孔, 连续培养 48h。 并且, 实验组、 阴性对照组和空白组又分 别设正常组和炎症组; 炎症组在培养到 24h时加入 LPS至终浓度为 lOOng/ml ; 正常组不加 LPS;并且正常组和炎症组在 44h时加入 5% MTT 20 μ 1/孔;细胞培养达到 48h后加入 100 μ 1/ 孔的三联溶解液以终止培养, 隔夜溶解后, 在波长 570nm 下用酶标仪测各孔的吸光度值 (0D570), 生长指数 (Growth Indices ) 的计算公式如下:
牛长 数 实验组 OD值 -空白培养液 OD值
"空白组 OD值 -空白培养液 OD值
其中, 空白培养液为含 10%FBS的 RPMI 1640完全培养液。
3 ) 实验结果及分析
实验结果见表 7, 由表 7可知, 在添加 lmg/ml 生物活性多肽 LPLP的条件下, 正常组 和炎症组的巨噬细胞均有增殖。而且与阴性对照组比较, 均有显著性差异 (P <0. 01)。说明 生物活性多肽 LPLP对体外巨噬细胞具有显著的增殖作用。 生物活性多肽 LPLP对体外巨噬细胞增殖的影响
Figure imgf000017_0001
**表示与阴性对照组比较, 有显著性差异 (P <0. 01) 二、 生物活性多肽 LPLP的促巨噬细胞吞噬中性红能力实验 1 ) 实验试剂和仪器
试剂: 实验动物 balb/c小鼠 (雄性 6-8周龄) 上海交通大学农业与生物学院动物实验 中心; 瑞士乳杆菌发酵得到的乳源性生物活性多肽 LPLP; LPS, 购自 Sigma公司; 中性 红染色液, 碧云天生物技术研究所生产。
仪器设备: LRH-250F生化培养箱 上海一恒科技有限公司; GL-22M高速冷冻离心机 上 海卢湘仪离心机仪器有限公司; Hera cell 150 C02 培养箱 Heraeus公司; Dragon Wellscan MK3酶标仪 Labsystems公司。
2) 试验方法:
加入细胞个数为 2 X 106/ml 的细胞悬液 ΙΟΟ μ Ι/孔, 贴壁纯化后加入含活性肽 LPLP ( lmg/ml ) 的 RPMI1640 完全培养液 (10%FBS ) 200 μ ΐ/孔为实验组, 添加不含活性肽的 RPMI1640完全培养液 (10%FBS) 200 μ 1/孔进行培养的设为空白组; 并且实验组和空白组 在培养到 24h时加入 LPS至终浓度 10 μ g/ml; 继续培养至 48h后, 吸弃细胞培养液。 PBS 清洗孔底后加入 37°C的中性红染液 80 μ 1/孔, 10分钟后吸弃染液, 用 PBS清洗两次后, 每 孔加入 150 μ ΐ细胞裂解液(冰醋酸: 无水乙醇 =1 :1, v/v) o 4°C隔夜溶解后, 在波长 540nm 下测定吸光度值 (OD540)。
3 ) 实验结果:
表 8 生物活性多肽 LPLP促巨噬细胞吞噬中性红能力的测定
Figure imgf000018_0001
实验结果见表 8, 与细胞空白相比较, 添加 lmg/ml生物活性多肽 LPLP的炎症组巨噬细 胞吞噬中性红能力明显增加, 而且与细胞空白组比较, 具有显著性差异 (P <0. 01)。 说明 生物活性多肽 LPLP在有炎症发生的情况下对体外巨噬细胞吞噬中性红能力具有显著的促进 作用。 三、 生物活性多肽 LPLP的促巨噬细胞一氧化氮诱生量的测定 (Griess法)
1 ) 实验试剂和仪器
试剂: 实验动物 balb/c小鼠 (雄性 6-8周龄) 上海交通大学农业与生物学院动物实验 中心; 瑞士乳杆菌发酵得到的乳源性生物活性多肽 LPLP; LPS Sigma公司; 一氧化氮检 测试剂盒, 碧云天生物技术研究所生产。
仪器设备: LRH-250F生化培养箱 上海一恒科技有限公司; GL-22M高速冷冻离心机 上 海卢湘仪离心机仪器有限公司; Hera cell 150 C02 培养箱 Heraeus公司; Dragon Wellscan MK3酶标仪 Labsystems公司。
2) 试验方法:
加入细胞个数为 2 X 106/ml 的细胞悬液 100 μ ΐ/孔, 贴壁纯化后加入含肽的 RPMI1640 完全培养液 (10%FBS) 200 μ ΐ/孔, 炎症组在 24h时加入 LPS至终浓度 10 g/ml, 连续培 养 48h后,收集培养液上清 50 μ 1/孔,在培养液上清中依次添加 Griess试剂 1和 Griess试剂 2各 50 μ 1/孔, 室温反应 10分钟后, 在 540nm波长下测定吸光度值 (OD540)。
3 ) 实验结果: 表 9 生物活性多肽 LPLP促巨噬细胞一氧化氮诱生量的测定结果
Figure imgf000019_0001
**, 与阴性对照组比较, 有显著性差异 (Ρ <0. 01) 实验结果见表 9,由表 9可知,在实验组中添加生物活性多肽 LPLP,浓度分别为 1 mg/mL 和 0.5mg/mL,对于正常情况下生长和 LPS造炎症情况下生长的促进巨噬细胞的一氧化氮诱 生量均有促进作用。与细胞空白组相比, 具有显著性差异(P<0.05 )。 当生物活性多肽 LPLP 的添加浓度为 0.1 mg/mL,在 LPS造炎症情况下相比,也能促进巨噬细胞一氧化氮诱生量的 增加, 并具有显著性差异 (P<0.05 )。 但是与正常情况下生长的细胞空白组相比, 没有显著 性差异。说明生物活性多肽 LPLP在一定浓度条件下具有促进巨噬细胞一氧化氮诱生量增加 的能力。 实施例 4 生物活性多肽 LPLP模拟胃肠道消化吸收实验 一、 体外模拟胃肠道消化
1 )试验方法: 模拟胃肠道消化实验主要分为两步进行。 首先, 配制浓度为 500 μ g/mL生物 活性多肽 LPLP溶液, 在浓度为 500 μ g/mL LPLP溶液中加入胃蛋白酶, 比例是每克 LPLP 加入胃蛋白酶 20mg, 调节反应液的 pH值至 2.0, 在 37°C恒温水浴中保温 90min; 然后将反 应液的 pH值调整至 7.5, 加入胰酶, 比例是每克 LPLP加入胰酶 40mg, 在 37 °C恒温水浴中 保温 150min; 最后置于 95°C水浴中加热 5min使消化酶失活, 将反应液冷冻浓縮干燥, 制 成干粉, 储存于 -20°C条件下, 备用。
2) LPLP模拟肠胃道消化前后的质量和氨基酸序列测定:
取体外模拟肠胃道消化后的样品粉末 0.2mg, 加入 50 水和 450 无水乙醇, 充分 震荡后放入 -20 °C冰箱 20min, 在 15000rpm转速条件下离心 30min, 取上清液 400 μ L进行 UPLC-Q-TOF-MS分析。
UPLC 条件: Hypersil GOLD C18 色谱柱 ( 100mm*2.1mm, 1.9 rn, 19θΑ) (Thermo
Scientific Co.); 流动相 A: 0.1%甲酸水溶液, 流动相 B: 含 0.1%甲酸乙腈; 采用从 99%的
A相到 50%A相的梯度洗脱程序; 流速 0.4mL/min; 柱温: 45 °C ; 进样量: 5 L。
Q-TOF-MS条件: 飞行时间质谱仪, 质谱采用电喷雾电离源 (ESI), 正离子模式。 并以
200ng/mL的亮氨酸脑啡肽进行实时精确质量校正。 质量扫描范围为 m/z 80-1000, 扫描时 间为 0.3s。 毛细管电压 3kV; 锥孔电压 35V; —级质谱碰撞能量分别为 4; 离子源温度 100
°C ; 脱溶剂气温度和流量分别为 300°C, 500L/h。
根据上述实验条件,生物活性多肽 LPLP经过消化酶处理前后产物经 UPLC-Q-TOF-MS 分析, 获得的总离子流图, 见图 11。 并对图中峰进行了提取, 采用 Q-TOF-MS分析获得了 相应的质谱图。
3 ) 实验结果: 利用超高效液相 -四级杆-飞行时间质谱对消化液冷冻干燥浓縮物进行氨基酸 序列测定, 酶解处理后 LPLP的一级质谱图见图 12, 得到的分子量和氨基酸序列与消化前 的 LPLP完全相同, 证明生物活性多肽 LPLP在上述模拟胃肠道消化条件下稳定, 没有被进 一步降解, 可以被动物机体直接吸收利用, 发挥其具有的生物活性。 二) 生物活性多肽 LPLP经肠道吸收转运效果 利用 Caco-2肠道转运模型,探索生物活性多肽 LPLP在肠道内的吸收效率和转运效果。
1 ) 实验仪器及试剂: D-HANKS溶液(吉诺生物医药技术有限公司提供), 无菌蒸馏水, 生 物活性多肽 LPLP (由上海强耀生物技术有限公司合成)。主要仪器是 Thermo HPLC surveyor 高效液相色谱仪, Thermo Scientific公司制造; Kromasil C18色谱柱, 瑞典 AKZO NOBEL 公司制造; 12孔 Tnmswell单层细胞膜实验用小室, 美国 Coming公司制造。
2) 实验方法 色谱条件: 仪器: Thermo HPLC surveyor 色谱柱规格: Kromasil CI 8色谱柱 流速: 250uL/min 温度: 25 °C 紫外检测波长: 220nm 进样量: 5uL 洗脱条件:
A液:含有 0.5%TFA的水; B液:含有 0.5%TFA的乙腈。 OminA液 90%, B液 10%; 0min-5minA 液从 90%变为 50%, B液从 10%变为 50%; 5min-5.5minA液从 50%变为 90%, B液从 50% 变为 10%; 5.5min-12min保持 A液 90%, B液 10%。
3 ) LPLP浓度检测标准曲线绘制 将浓度为 10/3mg/mL的 LPLP水溶液用色谱纯水按照体积百分比, 分别稀释为母液浓 度的 1%、 2%、 3%、 5%、 10%, 涡旋振荡 30s, 以保证混匀, 利用高效液相色谱仪进行分 析, 即可得到溶液浓度与吸收峰面积的标准曲线。 高效液相色谱仪检测结果如图 13所示, 根据这个结果提取峰面积形成表 10的数据, 使用 Excel拟合曲线并计算回归方程: Y=1E-06X+0.2124, 标准曲线的线性关系良好, 相关 系数为 0.999, 表明 LPLP标准曲线精密度和准确度均符合检测要求 (见图 14)。
表 10 HPLC检测生物活性肽 LPLP浓度时峰面积
Figure imgf000021_0001
4) LPLP肠道转运效率的检测
Caco-2 细胞来源于人体直肠, 具有人体肠道的许多特性, 诸如: 能够形成肠道绒毛、 有效分泌各种肠道酶、 形成紧密连接, 等等。 国内外诸多文献已经利用 Caco-2细胞模拟了 人体肠道, 用于预计各种物质在肠道中的吸收效率。 本实验中, 利用已经检测且各项指标均符合实验要求的 Caco-2肠道转运模型, 预估生 物活性肽 LPLP在人体肠道中的吸收效率。
( 1 ) 移去 Transwell小室中 Caco-2肠道模型两侧的培养液, 并加入 D-HANKS溶液, 用移液枪小心吹打, 而后吸出, 反复三次, 以洗净细胞培养液。 用 D-HANKS 溶液与人工 合成的 LPLP配置成浓度为 20/9的生物活性肽溶液。 (2) 分别在 Tra well小室的两侧 (膜内 AP与膜外 BL) 加入先前配置好的生物活 性肽溶液, 并分别在 60min、 90min取样 0.5mL待测。
(3) 利用 Thermo HPLC surveyor高效液相色谱仪对待测溶液进行检测, 并利用先前 建立好的标准曲线计算待测液中生物活性肽的含量。
(4) 计算 LPLP表观渗透系数
P =^x丄
app dT AxC0 其中 dQ:转运量(mg); dT: 转运时间 (s); A: 膜面积(cm2); C0: 待测物初始浓度, (mg/mL, mg/cm3)
5) 结果 根据实验结果, 计算计算 LPLP表观渗透系数如表 11所示。结果显示乳源性生物活性肽 在 Caco-2肠道转运模型中的表观渗透系数 Papp, 均大于 lE-06cm/s, 结果表明 LPLP是一 种容易通过肠道上皮细胞被机体直接吸收利用, 发挥其具有的生物活性的多肽。 表 11 LPLP表观渗透系数计算结果
Figure imgf000022_0001
实施例 5 生物活性肽的提高机体抗氧化能力活性实验 通过腹腔注射 LPS细菌脂多糖造成炎症氧化应激模型, 比较预先经过 LPLP水溶液灌胃 和未经过灌胃的小鼠机体抗氧化能力的不同, 考察生物活性肽 LPLP对小鼠肝脏脂质氧化物
MDA和抗氧化酶 GSH-Px、 CAT的调节能力, 测定 LPLP提高机体抗氧化功能的能力。
一、 实验试剂及设备
1) 实验主要试剂
LPLP (纯度 >90%) 上海强耀生物技术有限公司
PBS 南京凯基生物科技有限公司
实验动物 Balb/c小鼠 (雄性 6-8周龄) 上海斯莱克实验动物有限公司
细菌脂多糖 (LPS) (E.Coli 055-B5) Sigma公司 总 NO检测试剂盒 碧云天生物技术研究所 总谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶检测试剂盒 碧云天生物技术研究所
过氧化氢酶 (CAT) 检测试剂盒 碧云天生物技术研究所
脂质氧化 (MDA) 检测试剂盒 碧云天生物技术研究所
BCA蛋白含量检测试剂盒 碧云天生物技术研究所
2) 实验主要仪器 台式低速离心机 中国上海医疗器械股份有限公司
EP管 美国 AXYGEN公司
GL-22M高速冷冻离心机 上海卢湘仪离心机仪器有限公司
通风橱 苏州亿达公司
电热鼓风干燥箱 上海圣欣公司
涡旋振荡器 海门其林贝尔公司
恒温水浴箱 常州国华电器有限公司
M200 PRO酶标仪 瑞士 TECAN公司 二、 小鼠的伺喂、 分组与样品采集与制备
6周龄 Balb/c小鼠在伺养温度 21士 1 °C, 相对湿度 30_70%条件下适应性培养一周后被 随机分成 3组, 每组 48只, 分别为空白组、 炎症组和肽组。 空白组和炎症组灌胃生理盐水, 肽组按 200mg/kg剂量灌胃 LPLP水溶液, 连续 3周, 末次灌胃 2h后空白组腹腔注射生理盐 水, 炎症组、肽组按 5mg/kg剂量腹腔注射 LPS。 腹腔注射后按不同时间点采血并采集肝脏, 分别为腹腔注射后 1、 2、 3、 4、 6、 9、 12、 24、 48小时, 每次采集 6只小鼠。
采血方式采用摘眼球取血, 4°C条件下 3000 r/min 离心 10分钟分离得到血清, 放入 4 °C冰箱待测。 小鼠采血后进行脱颈处置, 迅速解剖并摘取肝脏, 准确称取肝脏重量, 按重 量 (g): 体积 (ml ) =1 : 9的比例加入 4°C预冷的 PBS制备成 10%的肝脏匀浆液。 4°C条件下
3000 r/min离心 10分钟得到上清液, 放入 4°C冰箱待测。
三、 小鼠肝脏抗氧化酶酶活检测
1、 实验方法
1 ) 总谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶酶活检测
取少量样品检测蛋白浓度, 检测方法同实施例 2 中总抗氧化能力法 (Ferric Reducing Ability Power FRAP法) 所述。 事先将试剂盒中的 NADi¾用去离子水定容为 lOmM浓度, 立 即分装冻存在 -70°C冰箱中; 将试剂食中的 GSH用去离子水定容为 84mM浓度的 GSH溶液, 立即分装冻存在 -20°C冰箱。两种溶液实验前取出室温溶解备用。按照需要检测的样品数量, 确定需要配置的 GPx工作液体积,每个样品需要的工作液包括: 5 μ L 10mM NADPH、 5 μ L 84mM GSH和 0. 4 μ L谷胱甘肽还原酶。 实验前还需用去离子水配置 15mM过氧化物试剂溶液。 GPx 工作液和过氧化物试剂溶液需现配现用, 不能反复多次使用。
配好所有所需试剂后, 向各孔依次加入检测缓冲液、 待测样品和 GPx工作液并混匀。其 中, 空白对照孔加入 186 μ L检测缓冲液和 10 μ L GPx工作液; 样品孔加入 176 μ L检测缓 冲液、 10 μ L样品和 10 μ L GPx工作液。最后向所有孔各加入 4 μ L 15mM过氧化物试剂溶液, 充分混匀, 在 340nm条件下酶标仪读取吸光值。
样品中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的活力可通过以下公式进行计算:
检测体系中过氧化物酶的活力= (样品吸光值 -空白对照吸光值) /0. 00622
样品中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的活力 =检测体系计算得到酶活 X稀释倍数 /样品蛋白浓度
最终得到结果以 mil/毫克蛋白表示。
2 ) 脂质氧化 (MDA) 检测
实验前根据样品数量事先配制好 MDA检测工作液, 按每检测 1个样品需要 150 TBA 稀释液、 50 L TBA储存液和 3 L抗氧化剂混匀, 在 70°C加热并剧烈震荡溶解。 配制好的 MDA检测工作液必需当天使用。 取适量标准品, 用去离子水稀释至 1、 2、 5、 10、 20、 50 μ Μ用于制备标准曲线。
实验分为 3组: 空白对照组、 标准品组和样品组, 分别在 ΕΡ管内加入 0. lmLPBS、 标准 品和样品, 所有 EP管加入 0. 2mLMDA检测工作液, 混匀, 沸水加热 15分钟。 加热结束后, 水浴冷却至室温, 30000r/min离心 10分钟, 取 200 μ L上清液加入到 96孔板中, 在酶标仪 上进行读数, 测定 532nm条件下的吸光值。 按标准曲线计算得到体系中 MDA浓度 μ Μ。
样品 MDA含量用体系 MDA浓度除以样品蛋白浓度, 最终所得结果表示为 μ mol/毫克蛋 白。
3 ) 过氧化氢酶酶活检测
事先配制 5mM过氧化氢溶液, 取 0、 12. 5、 25、 50、 75 μ L配置好的过氧化氢溶液至 EP 管中, 分别加入过氧化氢酶检测缓冲液至终体积为 100 L, 混匀。 各取 4 L加入到 96孔 板内, 随后各孔加入 200 显色工作液, 混匀, 25 °C孵育 30分钟后取出, 在酶标仪 520nm 条件下读取各孔 0D值。
事先配制好 250mM过氧化氢溶液, 各取 10 μ L加入到空白对照组 ΕΡ管和样品组 ΕΡ管。 空白对照管迅速加入 40 过氧化氢酶缓冲液, 样品管迅速加入 40 样品, 分别用枪吹 打混匀。 25°C反应 1-5分钟, 尽量控制所有 EP管内反应时间一致, 各管加入 450 L过氧 化氢酶反应终止液, 涡旋震荡混匀终止反应。 每管吸取 8 L混合液加入到 96孔板, 随后 依次往 96孔板每实验孔加入 2 μ L过氧化氢酶检测缓冲液和 200 μ L显色工作液。震荡混匀, 25°C孵育 30分钟, 在酶标仪 520nm条件下读取各孔 0D值。
过氧化氢酶活力计算公式如下:
标准品吸光值 =k [过氧化氢微摩尔数] +b, 由标准曲线计算出 k和 b的值。
残余过氧化氢微摩尔数= (样品吸光值 _b) /k。
样品过氧化氢酶酶活力 =消耗过氧化氢微摩尔数 X稀释倍数 / (反应分钟数 X样品体积 X蛋 白浓度)。 样品过氧化氢酶酶活力的单位为 units/毫克蛋白。
其中, 公式中消耗过氧化氢摩尔数 =空白对照残余过氧化氢微摩尔数-样品残余过氧化 氢微摩尔数; 稀释倍数 = 250; 反应分钟数即为实际的反应分钟数; 样品体积为表 2中的 X 微升, 以毫升来表示即为 X/1000毫升; 蛋白浓度为取 X微升样品时, 样品中的蛋白浓度, 单位为 mg/ml。
2、 实验结果
由表 12可见, LPS诱导的炎症在小鼠体内形成氧化应激状态,显著降低小鼠体内 GSH-Px 与 CAT的酶活, 并提高了脂质氧化物 MDA的浓度, 而 LPLP预处理能显著提高氧化应激状态 下小鼠体内 CAT的酶活并降低体内 MDA的含量。 由此可以推测, LPLP通过特异性上调 CAT 酶活保护机体正常组织免受脂质氧化物的损伤。 表 12 LPLP预处理小鼠应激状态下抗氧化能力的变化
GSH-Px CAT MDA
组别
/活力单位 /( U'mg- ^ /(nmol-mg-1)
空白 234.3士39.30* 239.1±9.637* 1.462士0.1065*
炎症 124.3士18.73 184.9士14.53 3.884士 0.4940
肽预处理 130.6士18.55 221.6士 19.14* 2.644士 0.4587
注: *与炎症组相比具有显著性差异 (P〈0. 05), **与炎症组相比具有显著性差异 (P<0. 01 )
实施例 6 生物活性肽的抗炎能力活性实验
通过腹腔注射 LPS造成小鼠炎症模型, 比较预先经过 LPLP水溶液灌胃的小鼠和未经灌 胃小鼠体内细胞因子的分泌、 NO的分泌情况,考察生物活性肽 LPLP对小鼠炎症的调节能力。
小鼠的伺喂、 分组与样品采集方法同实施例 5。 一、 实验试剂及设备 1 ) 实验主要试剂
LPLP (纯度〉90%) 上海强耀生物技术有限公司
PBS 南京凯基生物科技有限公司
实验动物 Balb/c小鼠 (雄性 6-8周龄) 上海斯莱克实验动物有限公司
细菌脂多糖 ( LPS ) ( E. Coli 055 : B5 ) Si ma公司
总 NO检测试剂盒 碧云天生物技术研究所
CBA Flex Sets试剂盒 BD公司
2 ) 实验主要仪器 台式低速离心机 中国上海医疗器械股份有限公司
EP管 美国 AXYGEN公司
GL-22M高速冷冻离心机 上海卢湘仪离心机仪器有限公司
通风橱 苏州亿达公司
电热鼓风干燥箱 上海圣欣公司
涡旋振荡器 海门其林贝尔公司
恒温水浴箱 常州国华电器有限公司
M200 PRO酶标仪 瑞士 TECAN公司
流式细胞仪 美国 BD公司
、 在炎症发生过程中 LPLP对各种抗炎细胞因子分泌的调节功能
1、 实验方法
1 ) 制备细胞因子标准品
由于 7种细胞因子 ( IFN- y , TNF_ a、 GM- CSF、 IL- 1 β、 IL- 4、 IL- 6、 IL- 13 ) 标准品 是独立存放的冻干粉, 因此在需要将 8 管不同的标准品混合进行重悬并进行梯度稀释, 溶 解后的标准品不能重复使用, 需要现配现用。 最高浓度标准品用 2mL 实验稀释液重悬, 室 温下平衡 15分钟, 用枪头轻轻混匀, 严禁剧烈震荡。 标准品依次按照 1 : 2、 1: 4、 1: 8、 1: 16、 1: 32、 1: 64、 1: 128和 1 : 256进行稀释, 得到 9个浓度梯度的标准品, 分别为 2500pg/mL、 1250pg/mL、 625pg/mL、 312. 5pg/mL、 156pg/mL、 80pg/mL、 40pg/mL、 20pg/mL 和 10pg/mL。
2 ) 混合细胞因子捕获微球 实验前确定实验管数, 包括标准品管、 试样管、 对照管, 从而确定吸取的微球数量, 确 保每管内每一种捕获微球量为 10 L。 8种捕获微球分别装在 8个小瓶中, 需要将 8种微球 混合在一起, 充分涡旋 3-5 秒。 因为每种细胞因子标准曲线的检测范围是 0. 15pg/mL-5000pg/mL, 因此需要进行预实验大致测量样品中细胞因子浓度, 并对样品进行 适当稀释。 稀释好后的样品、 标准品、 对照各取 50 与捕获微球充分混合, 室温避光孵 育 30分钟。
3 ) 上机样本获取与分析
孵育结束向所有管中加入 PE检测试剂 50 L, 避光孵育 2小时。 孵育结束, 每管加入 lmL洗涤缓冲液, 200g离心 5分钟, 小心吸取上清液, 得到底部充分与血清混合的微球。 用 300 μ L洗涤缓冲液重悬微球, 涡旋 3-5秒混匀后立即上机。 需注意的是, CBA样本必需 当天进行上机检测, 如果样本放置时间过长会增高背景值并降低实验灵敏度。
上机前进行仪器微球获取电压调节和补偿值调节, 完成样本数据获取后, 使用 FCAP
Array软件进行数据分析。 细胞因子浓度单位为 pg/mL。
2、 实验结果
1 ) LPLP对 IFN- γ的调节作用
IFN- Y标准曲线的绘制: 以浓度为横坐标 (单位 pg/mL), MFI 荧光检测量为纵坐标, 用 FCAP Array软件进行数据分析, 如图 15所示, 获得标准曲线, R2=0. 9998。 由于所有数 据均由软件直接分析得出, 不需要算出标准曲线公式, 计算公式可由图中所示数据自行计 算得到。
由图 16所示, LPS腹腔注射后小鼠从第 2小时起 IFN- γ分泌量显著高于正常小鼠, INF- Υ浓度持续上升, 在第 9小时达到峰值后开始降低。经 LPLP预处理的小鼠前期 IFN- Y浓度 增长快于炎症模型小鼠,但在第 6小时即达到峰值,且最大浓度仅为炎症模型小鼠最大 INF- Υ浓度的 1/2。 结果表明, LPLP 能双向调节炎症, 炎症初期促使促使迅速发生和扩大, 在 炎症后期快速消退, 其机理可能在于 LPLP选择性活化了 M2巨噬细胞。
2 ) LPLP对 TNF- α的调节作用
TNF- α标准曲线的绘制: 以浓度为横坐标 (单位 pg/mL), MFI 荧光检测量为纵坐标, 用 FCAP Array软件进行数据分析, 如图 17所示, 获得标准曲线, R2=0. 9999。 由于所有数 据均由软件直接分析得出, 不需要算出标准曲线公式, 计算公式可由图中所示数据自行计 算得到。
由图 18所示, 两组注射 LPS的小 I PS 射 1小时后即达到最大浓度, LPLP预处 理的小鼠除腹腔注射 2、 3、 4、 6、 9、 12小时的分泌量均低于炎症模型组, 但注射 1小时 得到的最大浓度要高于炎症模型组。 结果证实 LPLP在炎症初期加速了炎症的发生、 扩大, 在后期加快了炎症的消退速度, 同时下调 TNF- α浓度减轻其对机体的杀伤作用, 保护机体 健康组织免受伤害。
3) LPLP对 IL-4的调节作用
IL-4标准曲线的绘制: 以浓度为横坐标(单位 pg/mL), MFI荧光检测量为纵坐标, 用 FCAP Array软件进行数据分析, 如图 19所示, 获得标准曲线, R2=0. 9994。 由于所有数据 均由软件直接分析得出, 不需要算出标准曲线公式, 计算公式可由图中所示数据自行计算 得到。
如图 20所示, 正常小鼠和炎症模型小鼠血清中均检测不出 IL-4, 说明在机体正常状态 Th2细胞处于未活化状态, 不需要分泌抗炎细胞因子的功能; 在过度炎症状态下, Th2细胞 受到抑制,导致主要抗炎细胞因子 IL-4的分泌量极低,浓度低于最低检出限。经过 LPLP 预 先灌胃处理的小鼠血清 IL-4浓度提升到 4 pg/mL, 证明 LPLP能缓解 Th2细胞受过度炎症抑 制的状态,刺激 Th2细胞启动抗炎功能。至 LPS注射 12小时后,随着炎症的逐渐消退, IL-4 的分泌量略有下降, 但仍在 4 pg/mL附近, 证明 Th2仍在发挥抗炎功能, 但能够随着炎症 的发生进程进行自我调节。
4) LPLP对 IL-13的调节作用
IL-13标准曲线的绘制: 以浓度为横坐标(单位 pg/mL), MFI荧光检测量为纵坐标, 用 FCAP Array软件进行数据分析, 如图 21所示, 获得标准曲线, R2=0. 9997。 由于所有数据 均由软件直接分析得出, 不需要算出标准曲线公式, 计算公式可由图中所示数据自行计算 得到。
如图 22所示, 正常小鼠血清中无法检测出 IL-13, 说明机体正常状态下并不分泌这种 抗炎细胞因子; 在 LPS刺激下, 小鼠机体有极低浓度 IL-13分泌, 证明 Th2细胞活性被炎 症抑制, 虽然未完全被抑制, 但只能发挥微弱的抗炎功能。 经过 LPLP灌胃预处理的小鼠, 血清 IL-13的分泌量得到了显著性提升,从注射后 1小时至 12小时均稳定在 2 pg/mL左右, 证明 LPLP能活化被炎症抑制的 Th2细胞,加大抗炎细胞因子的分泌量,从而达到抗炎功能。
5) LPLP对 IL-6的调节作用
IL-6标准曲线的绘制: 以浓度为横坐标 (单位 pg/mL), MFI荧光检测量为纵坐标, 用 FCAP Array软件进行数据分析, 如图 23所示, 获得标准曲线, R2=0. 9996。 由于所有数据 均由软件直接分析得出, 并未提供标准 公 . i+笪公式可由图中所示数据自行计算得 到。
如图 24所示, 正常小鼠血清中只能检测到少量 IL-6, 但经 LPS刺激, IL-6呈现爆发 性增长, 腹腔注射后 1小时至 9小时呈现上升趋势, 在第 9小时达到最大值。 经过 LPLP预 处理的小鼠, IL-6变化趋势与炎症模型小鼠不同, 腹腔注射后第 2小时 IL-6含量达到最大 值, 随后开始下降, 12 小时后浓度仅为同时间炎症模型组小鼠血清浓度的 1/3, 证明炎症 后期小鼠的炎症状态得到了极大缓解。 此外, 在 2、 3、 4小时三个时间段, LPLP预处理组 小鼠 IL-6浓度高于炎症模型组小鼠, 证明 LPLP对炎症的调节是具有双向性的, 一方面促 使炎症初期抗炎迅速发生和扩大, 更有效清除外界病原, 另一方面在完成清除病原任务后 促使炎症消退, 加速机体的复原。
6) LPLP对 GM-CSF的调节作用
GM-CSF标准曲线的绘制: 以浓度为横坐标 (单位 pg/mL), MFI荧光检测量为纵坐标, 用 FCAP Array软件进行数据分析, 如图 25所示, 获得标准曲线, R2=0. 9999。 由于所有数 据均由软件直接分析得出, 不需要算出标准曲线公式, 计算公式可由图中所示数据自行计 算得到。
由图 26可见, 正常小鼠血清中无法检测出 GM-CSF, 但经 LPS腹腔注射造成炎症模型的 小鼠从注射后 1小时起 GM-CSF显著上升, 至 3、 4小时达到最大浓度, 4小时后迅速浓度下 降, 至 12小时细胞因子降至正常小鼠水平。 经过 LPLP灌胃的小鼠腹腔注射后第 1、 2小时 GM-CSF高于同时间段炎症模型组, 随后浓度均低于炎症模型组, 但下降速度低于炎症模型 组, 在第 12小时 LPLP预处理组小鼠血清中仍维持一定浓度的 GM-CSF。 由于 GM-CSF的作用 的双重性, 一方面可以放大、 传递炎症和炎症介质, 另一方面能促进上皮细胞、 内皮细胞 的集落与生长达到促进血管修复愈合。 结果表明 LPLP不仅能够发挥抗炎作用, 而且在炎症 后期能提高集落刺激因子的浓度使其达到加速受损血管修复的作用。
7) LPLP对 IL-Ι β的调节作用
IL-Ι β标准曲线的绘制: 以浓度为横坐标 (单位 pg/mL), MFI 荧光检测量为纵坐标, 用 FCAP Array软件进行数据分析, 如图 27所示, 获得标准曲线, R2=0. 9997。 由于所有数 据均由软件直接分析得出, 并未提供标准曲线公式, 计算公式可由图中所示数据自行计算 得到。
由图 28看出, 正常小鼠血清在各个时间点均检测不到 IL-1 β, 但在 LPS刺激后, IL-1 β的分泌从第 2小时起有了显著性提升, 在腹腔注射后第 4小时达到最大值, 从第 9小时 开始迅速下降。 经过 LPLP预处理的小 *腹 射 ^筮 1、 2、 3、 4小时 IL-Ι β浓度均高 于相应炎症模型组小鼠, 但从第 4小时后 LPLP预处理组的 IL-1 β水平迅速下降, 显著低于 同时间炎症模型组。 实验结果进一步证明, LPLP对炎症的调节具有双向性, 一方面促使初 期炎症扩大, 更有效清除外源性病原, 另一方面在完成清除病原任务后促使炎症消退, 加 速机体的自我复原。
3、 结论
以上 7个细胞因子实验结果表明, LPLP对机体的抗炎功能不是单一下调促炎细胞因子 和上调抗炎细胞因子, 而是通过动态调节细胞因子在炎症各阶段的浓度, 加快炎症初期抗 炎发生时间、 扩大抗炎过程, 使得机体更快速有效的清除病原体; 在炎症后期, 能是机体 更快进入炎症消退、 组织修复状态, 同时适当辅助机体加速血管、 组织的修复。
二、 在炎症发生过程中 LPLP对免疫细胞分泌 NO的调节功能
1、 实验方法
NO分子在机体内半衰期极短, 很容易与 R0S结合被氧化为亚硝酸盐, 亚硝酸盐继续被 氧化为硝酸盐, 通过经典 Griess法检测小鼠血清中亚硝酸盐含量来推测 NO含量容易得到 错误结论。 因此, 采用总一氧化氮试剂盒, 利用硝酸还原酶将小鼠血清中的硝酸盐还原为 亚硝酸盐, 再利用 Griess法检测 NO含量。
由于试剂盒的精确检出范围为 2-50 μ Μ, 因此需要预实验确定样品的稀释倍数。 实验前 把浓度为 10mM的标准品 KN02稀释为 2、 5、 10、 20、 50 μ Μ, 现配现用; 粉剂 NADPH定容为 2mM浓度, -70°C保存。 实验前将试剂盒中所有试剂从 -20°C冰箱取出, 室温下溶解后保存在 冰上, 否则会造成试剂所用的还原性酶活下降。
实验需要设置 2-3孔空白对照管进行调零并用 5-6孔标准品管进行标准曲线的绘制。空 白对照管依次加入 60 μ LPBS、 5 μ L NADPH工作液、 10 μ L FAD禾 B 5 μ L Nirtate Reductase, 标准品管每孔依次加入 60 μ L不同浓度的标准液、 5 μ L NADPH工作液、 10 μ L FAD禾 B 5 μ L Nirtate Reductase, 样品管依次加入 60 μ L经过稀释一定比例的样品、 5 μ L NADPH工作液、 lO L FAD和 5 L Nirtate Reductase。 轻微震荡 96孔板混匀各类试剂后, 37°C避光孵育 15分钟。 孵育结束后各孔依次加入 lO LLDH Buffer和 10 LDH, 混匀后 37°C避光孵育 5分钟。 取出孔板, 向各孔依次加入 50 Griess I试剂和 50 Griess II试剂, 混匀, 室温孵育 10分钟后上酶标仪读数, 在 540nm处测定每孔的吸光值。
根据标准曲线计算出血清中 N0浓度, 浓度单位为 μ Mo
2、 总 NO标准曲线的绘制 以浓度为横坐标 (单位 mol/L), 540 nm下的吸光值为纵坐标, 进行一次回归拟合, 如图 29所示, 获得标准曲线 Y=104. 62Χ-6. 224, R2=0. 9998。 其中 X代表 NO浓度, 单位为 mol/L, Y代表 0D540下的吸光值。
3、 LPLP对免疫细胞分泌 NO的调节
如图 30所示, 两组注射 LPS的小鼠血清 N0含量均显著性高于正常小鼠。 其中, 未经 LPLP预处理的小鼠在注射 LPS后 1小时开始持续上升, 至 12小时后仍没有下降趋势; LPLP 预处理抑制了免疫细胞的 NO分泌, 且 N0浓度从腹腔注射 9小时后开始下降。 实验结果证 明, LPLP可以有效抑制 N0的过度分泌, 但保证了 N0的分泌量使其仍能发挥炎症信号传递 和杀伤病原体的功能。

Claims

1. 一种生物活性多肽, 其氨基酸序列为 Leu-Pro-Leu-Pro。
2. 权利要求 1所述的生物活性多肽, 其特征在于, 所述生物活性多肽为乳源性。
3. 编码权利要求 1所述生物活性多肽的核苷酸片段。
4. 权利要求 3所述的核苷酸片段, 其特征在于, 所述核苷酸片段的序列如 SEQ ID NO: 2 所示。
5. 权利要求 1-2任一权利要求所述生物活性多肽的制备方法, 步骤如下:
1 ) 发酵: 将瑞士乳杆菌添加到脱脂乳中进行厌氧发酵, 获得瑞士乳杆菌发酵乳;
2 ) 多肽的粗提: 对步骤 1 ) 的瑞士乳杆菌发酵乳进行低温离心分离, 取上清液;
3 ) 多肽的纯化:
a. 对步骤 2 ) 的上清液进行超滤处理, 收集滤液;
b. 收集的滤液采用反向层析柱 S0URSE 5 RPC ST进行反相高效液相色谱分离, 收集 生物活性多肽 LPLP。
6. 如权利要求 5所述的制备方法, 其特征在于, 步骤 1 ) 所述厌氧发酵的条件为: 发酵温 度 36〜38°C, 发酵时间 15〜20h。
7. 如权利要求 5所述的制备方法, 其特征在于, 步骤 3 ) a所述超滤法所采用的滤膜的截 留分子量分别为 lOkDa和 3kDa; 所述超滤过程中, 压力范围为 0. 1〜0. 3MPa, 滤液流速 为 0· 8〜L 2mL/min o
8. 权利要求 1-2任一权利要求所述生物活性多肽在制备抗氧化和 /或增强机体免疫力的食 品、 保健品及药物中的应用。
9. 一种抗氧化药物, 包含权利要求 1-2任一权利要求所述生物活性多肽 LPLP, 或者权利 要求 1-2任一权利要求所述生物活性多肽 LPLP的衍生物。
10. 一种增强机体免疫力药物, 包含权利要求 1-2任一权利要求所述生物活性多肽 LPLP, 或者权利要求 1-2任一权利要求所述生物活性多肽 LPLP的衍生物。
11. 一种消炎药物, 包含权利要求 1-2任一权利要求所述生物活性多肽 LPLP, 或者权利要 求 1-2任一权利要求所述生物活性多肽 LPLP的衍生物。
12. 一种消除机体炎症的方法,包括对患者施用权利要求 1-2任一权利要求所述生物活性多 肽 LPLP, 或者权利要求 1-2任一权利要求所述生物活性多肽 LPLP的衍生物。
13. 一种增强机体免疫力的方法,包括对患者施用权利要求 1-2任一权利要求所述生物活性 多肽 LPLP, 或者权利要求 1-2任一权利要求所述生物活性多肽 LPLP的衍生物。
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