WO2014075307A1 - 艾迪冻干制剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents

艾迪冻干制剂及其制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2014075307A1
WO2014075307A1 PCT/CN2012/084807 CN2012084807W WO2014075307A1 WO 2014075307 A1 WO2014075307 A1 WO 2014075307A1 CN 2012084807 W CN2012084807 W CN 2012084807W WO 2014075307 A1 WO2014075307 A1 WO 2014075307A1
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extract
ethanol
methanol
water
washed
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PCT/CN2012/084807
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English (en)
French (fr)
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窦啟玲
杨青波
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贵州益佰制药股份有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2012/084807 priority Critical patent/WO2014075307A1/zh
Publication of WO2014075307A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014075307A1/zh

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/48Fabaceae or Leguminosae (Pea or Legume family); Caesalpiniaceae; Mimosaceae; Papilionaceae
    • A61K36/481Astragalus (milkvetch)
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/335Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
    • A61K31/365Lactones
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K35/00Medicinal preparations containing materials or reaction products thereof with undetermined constitution
    • A61K35/56Materials from animals other than mammals
    • A61K35/63Arthropods
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/25Araliaceae (Ginseng family), e.g. ivy, aralia, schefflera or tetrapanax
    • A61K36/254Acanthopanax or Eleutherococcus
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/25Araliaceae (Ginseng family), e.g. ivy, aralia, schefflera or tetrapanax
    • A61K36/258Panax (ginseng)
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/14Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles
    • A61K9/19Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles lyophilised, i.e. freeze-dried, solutions or dispersions
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P35/00Antineoplastic agents

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an Eddie lyophilized preparation and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine pharmacy. Background technique:
  • the conventional extraction method of medicinal materials is water extraction or alcohol extraction, but whether the medicinal materials are suitable for water extraction, alcohol extraction or alcohol-water combination is a key point for pharmacists to study.
  • the inventors have surprisingly discovered during the process research.
  • the medicinal herbs of scutellaria, ginseng, astragalus and acanthopanax are separately treated, and then the macroporous resin multi-layer adsorption method is adopted to improve the extraction efficiency of the active ingredients of the single medicinal materials, reduce the impurity content, and improve the purity of the active ingredients, thereby achieving the solution of the traditional Chinese medicine injection. Stability issue. Summary of the invention:
  • the present invention is achieved as follows: Eddie lyophilized preparation, according to the weight fraction, it is used with scutellaria 0. 9-2. 1 part, ginseng 30-70 parts, astragalus 60-140 parts, acanthopanax 90-210 parts Made as follows:
  • the oil is 0. 5-2: The oil is added to the mixture. The mixture is extracted with a mixture of 200-300 parts of acetone, and the mixture is stirred for 1-3 times. 1-3 washing until the washing liquid becomes colorless, and it is nearly white crude. Adding 3-10 parts of acetone, heating and dissolving, filtering while hot, the filtrate is placed at 4 ° C for natural crystallization, and white transparent needle crystals are obtained, that is, cantharidin;
  • Step 2 Cut the Astragalus membranaceus into small pieces, 6-10 times the amount of 60% ethanol to extract 2-4 times, each time 1-3 hours, recover to the taste of no alcohol, add water, place in the cold storage for 18-30 h, take
  • the clear liquid is filtered with filter paper, the filtrate is adsorbed by macroporous resin, sampled 1-3 times, static adsorption for 8_15h, first washed with water l_4BV/h, then with 30% ethanol for l_3BV/h, finally with 95% ethanol for 2-4BV /h, collect 95% ethanol, recover to non-alcoholic taste, add water, let stand in the cold storage for 18-30 h, take the supernatant and filter with filter paper.
  • the filtrate is first concentrated with double effect concentrator, then dried by microwave. , a brown extract; a brown extract is separated by a medium pressure 0DS column to obtain total saponins of astragalus;
  • Step 3) Cut the medicinal materials of acanthopanax senticosus into small pieces, extract 2-4 times with 6-10 times of water, and take 1-3 hours each time. Combine the extracts, recover the solvent, add water, and let stand in the cold storage. 30 h, the supernatant was filtered with filter paper; the filtrate was purified with macroporous resin, loaded 1-3 times, static adsorption for 8_15h, first washed with water l_4BV/h, discarded, then washed with 70% ethanol l_4BV/h, combined 70% ethanol, recovered to a non-alcoholic taste, added water, placed in a cold storage for 18-30 h, the supernatant was filtered with filter paper, the filtrate was first concentrated with a double-effect concentrator, and then dried by microwave to obtain a brown extract.
  • the extract is then purified with macroporous resin, dissolved in an appropriate amount of water, loaded 1-3 times, statically adsorbed for 8_15h, first washed with water l_4BV/h, discarded, and then washed with 10% methanol l-4BV/h, collected
  • the extract is concentrated to extract A, and finally washed with 30% methanol for l-4BV/h, collected, and concentrated to obtain extract B; and the extract A is separated by a medium pressure 0DS column to obtain purified acanthopanax B.
  • the extract B was dissolved in 30% methanol, it was filtered through an organic membrane of 0. 45 ⁇ ⁇ , and loaded, first washed with 2-3 BV with 30% ethanol, discarded.
  • wash 2-4BV with 40% methanol collect 40% methanol, recover the solvent to obtain acanthopanax senticoside; and extract acanthopanax and acanthopanax aside according to 1:1, that is, white acanthopanax senticosus Total glycosides;
  • Step 4) Slice the ginseng, extract 2-4 times with 55% _75% ethanol, extract for 1-3 hours each time, combine the extracts, recover the ethanol, and obtain the crude ginseng extract for use; the extract is purified with macroporous resin, after 60- 80% ethanol gradient elution, collecting 60-80% ethanol elution site to obtain ginseng total saponin once;
  • Step 5 Dissolving the lyoprotectant in water for injection, filtering, and then adding the total saponin extract of Astragalus membranaceus, the total glucoside extract of Acanthopanax senticosus and the ginsenoside extract to the filtrate, and after dissolving, the activated carbon is filtered, and the filtrate is adjusted to ⁇ . Up to 7, add cantharidin, filter, dispense, and freeze to make the finished product.
  • scutellaria is made up of 1.5 parts of scutellaria, 50 parts of ginseng, 100 parts of scutellaria and 150 parts of acanthopanax.
  • the macroporous resin column in the present invention means a ⁇ -8 column, a CD180 column, a DA201 column, and a D101 column, and preferably a ⁇ -8 column and a D101 column.
  • the macroporous resin used in the above step 2) is a D101 type macroporous resin, and the amount of the resin is: medicinal material quality/resin quality
  • the method for separating the total saponin of Astragalus membranaceus by the medium pressure 0DS column in the foregoing step 2) is: the brown extract is dissolved in 55-65% methanol, filtered through an organic membrane of 0. 45 ⁇ ⁇ , and loaded; firstly washed with 60% ethanol 2- 4BV/h, discarded, and then washed with 2-4BV/h with 95-100% methanol, 95-100% methanol fraction was collected, and the solvent was recovered to obtain crude saponin; the crude saponin was dissolved in 65-70% methanol, and then passed through 0.
  • the specific preparation method is:
  • Step 1) The smashed smashed, added 250 parts of acetone and shaken twice for 2 hours, and the extracts were combined, concentrated under reduced pressure, and washed with 95% ethanol: petroleum ether: 1: 5. The washing liquid became colorless. , near the white crude, add 5 parts of acetone, heat to dissolve, filter while hot, the filtrate is placed at 4 ° C for natural crystallization, to obtain white transparent needle crystal, that is, cantharidin; Step 2) Astragalus medicinal materials cut into small pieces, 8 The amount of 60% ethanol was boiled and extracted 3 times, each time for 2 hours, recovered to a non-alcoholic taste, added with water, placed in a cold storage for 24 hours, and the supernatant was filtered with filter paper.
  • the filtrate was adsorbed by macroporous resin, and loaded twice, static Adsorption for 12h, first wash 3BV / h with water, then wash 2BV / h with 30% ethanol, and finally wash 3BV / h with 95% ethanol, collect 95% ethanol parts, recover to no alcohol flavor, add water, and let stand in the cold storage for 24h
  • the supernatant is filtered with a filter paper, and the filtrate is first concentrated with a double-effect concentrator, and then dried by microwave to obtain a brown extract; the brown extract is separated by a medium pressure 0DS column to obtain total saponins of astragalus;
  • the method for separating the total saponins of Astragalus by medium pressure 0DS column is as follows: After the brown extract is dissolved in 60% methanol, it is filtered through 0. 45 ⁇ ⁇ organic membrane, and loaded; firstly washed with 3% of 60% ethanol, discarded, and reused. Wash 100% methanol 3BV / h, collect 100% methanol, recover the solvent to obtain crude saponin; the crude saponin is dissolved in 65% methanol, filtered through 0. 45 ⁇ ⁇ organic membrane, and then loaded; first washed with 65% methanol, Discarded, washed with 85% methanol, 85% methanol fraction was collected, and the solvent was recovered to obtain white astragalus total saponin;
  • Step 3 Cut the medicinal materials of acanthopanax senticosus into small pieces, extract 8 times of water and boil for 3 times, extract each time for 2 hours, combine the extracts, recover the solvent, add water, let stand in the cold storage for 24h, and take the supernatant to filter with filter paper;
  • the filtrate was purified by AB-8 resin, loaded twice, statically adsorbed for 12 h, washed 3BV/h with water, discarded, washed with 70% ethanol, 3BV/h, combined with 70% ethanol, recovered to no alcohol, added water
  • the mixture was allowed to stand in a cold storage for 24 hours, and the supernatant was filtered with a filter paper.
  • the filtrate was first concentrated with a double-effect concentrator, and then dried by microwave to obtain a brown extract; the extract was further purified by using a macroporous resin, and dissolved with an appropriate amount of water. 2 times of loading, static adsorption for 12h, first wash 3BV/h with water, discard, then wash 3BV/h with 10% methanol, collect, concentrate Extract A, finally wash 3BV/h with 30% methanol, collect and concentrate to obtain extract B; separate extract A with medium pressure 0DS column to obtain purified acanthopanax B, 30% for extract B After the methanol is dissolved, it is filtered through a 0.54 ⁇ organic membrane, loaded, first washed with 30% ethanol, 3BV, discarded, and then washed with 40% methanol, 3BV, 40% methanol is collected, and the solvent is recovered to obtain acanthopanax
  • the acanthopanax senticosus and acanthopanax senticosus are blended according to 1:1,
  • Step 4) Slice the ginseng, extract it with 35% reflux with 65% ethanol, extract for 2 hours each time, combine the extract, recover the ethanol, and obtain the crude extract of ginseng for use; the extract is purified with macroporous resin and washed with 70% ethanol gradient. Take off, collect 70% ethanol elution site to obtain ginseng total saponin once;
  • Step 5 The lyoprotectant is dissolved in water for injection, firstly filtered with 0.3% activated carbon, and then filtered through a 0.22 ⁇ m microporous membrane to extract total saponin extract and acanthopanax senticosus extract.
  • the ginseng saponin extract was added to the filtrate, dissolved, and then added with 0.2% activated carbon, the filtrate was adjusted to pH 7 with 0.1 M NaOH solution, added cantharidin, 0.22 ⁇ microporous membrane filtration, Packed, then lyophilized to make the finished product.
  • the present invention adopts a separate treatment method, and uses the method of purifying acetone and extracting ethanol petroleum ether to improve the purity of the product, so that the extract is uniform and solvent-free; yellow peony and acanthopanax senticosus
  • the medicinal materials were firstly extracted by the method of alcohol extraction and water sedimentation, and then the macroporous resin was combined with the medium pressure 0DS column to purify and separate the treatment, so as to increase the content and purity of the anti-cancer active ingredient total glycosides in the extract, so that the obtained extracts were obtained.
  • the preparation has good stability, sufficient absorption, quick onset and high curative effect, which improves the technical content of Aidi injection, thereby improving and ensuring the quality of the product.
  • the inventors made a comprehensive comparative study with the commercially available Eddie products for the improvement of the process.
  • test drug the same batch of commercially available ginseng 50g, astragalus 100g, acanthopanax 150g, cantharidin 1. 5g, according to the preparation method of the commercially available Aidi injection preparation No. 1 drug; Example 1 Preparation Method No. 2 drug was prepared.
  • Test content Comparison of appearance properties, pH value, content and purity of finished products.
  • the freeze-dried powder preparation of the present invention has a great improvement in the appearance and content of the finished product, while other indicators are The requirements of the quality standard are met, indicating that the preparation process route of the invention is reasonable in design, the process conditions are in accordance with the production requirements of the factory, and the quality of the finished product is controllable.
  • mice Take S 18 with good tumor growth.
  • the mice were aseptically diluted with ascites, diluted 1:3 with sterile saline, and counted under a microscope.
  • the number of tumor-adjusting cells was 1.
  • OX 10 7 cells/ml in an ice bath.
  • 0.2 ml of the mouse was inoculated subcutaneously and weighed 24 hours later.
  • the injection dose is 32.
  • the freeze-drying of the present invention can significantly improve the inhibitory effect on the tumor compared with the existing injection preparation, and demonstrate that the injection preparation of the present invention has better curative effect and higher bioavailability.
  • the experimental research shows that: compared with the prior art, the invention adopts a separate treatment method, and extracts the cantharidin material by acetone, improves the stability of the drug, makes the extract uniform, and has no solvent residue; the radix astragali and acanthopanax senticosus are respectively used
  • the method for extracting alcohol from water is firstly extracted, and then the separation and treatment method of macroporous resin combined with medium-pressure 0DS column is adopted to improve the content and purity of total glycosides of anti-cancer active ingredients in the extract, which fully proves the preparation process of the present invention. It has strong scientific and feasibility. detailed description:
  • Example 1 Cantharidin 2. lg, ginseng 70g, astragalus 140g, acanthopanax 210g
  • Step 1) The smashed smashed smashed, added 200 ml of acetone and shaken intermittently for 3 times, each time for 1 h, combined extracts, concentrated under reduced pressure, washed with 95% ethanol: petroleum ether for 2:1 until the washing liquid became colorless, near White crude, add 10ml of acetone, heat to dissolve, filter while hot, the filtrate is placed at 4 ° C for natural crystallization, white transparent needle crystals, that is, cantharidin;
  • Step 2) Astragalus medicinal materials cut into small pieces, 10 times 60% Ethanol was boiled twice for 3 hours, recovered to an alcohol-free taste, added with water, placed in a cold storage for 30 h, and the supernatant was filtered through a filter paper.
  • the filtrate was adsorbed through a macroporous resin, loaded for 3 times, and statically adsorbed for 8 h. Wash 4BV/h with water, then wash 1BV/h with 30% ethanol, and then wash 2BV/h with 95% ethanol, collect 95% ethanol, recover to no alcohol flavor, add water, let stand in cold storage for 18h, take
  • the clear liquid is filtered with a filter paper, the filtrate is first concentrated with a double-effect concentrator, and then dried by microwave to obtain a brown extract; the brown extract is separated by a medium pressure 0DS column to obtain a total saponin of Astragalus;
  • the method for separating the total saponins of Astragalus by medium pressure 0DS column is as follows: After the brown extract is dissolved in 65% methanol, it is filtered through 0. 45 ⁇ ⁇ organic membrane, and loaded; firstly washed with 2% VB/h with 60% ethanol, discarded, and reused. 100% methanol was washed at 4BV/h, 100% methanol was collected, and the solvent was recovered to obtain crude saponin. The crude saponin was dissolved in 70% methanol, filtered through an organic membrane of 0. 45 ⁇ , and then loaded; first washed with 70% methanol. Discarded, washed with 90% methanol, collected 90% methanol fraction, recovered solvent to obtain white astragalus total saponin;
  • Step 3 Cut the medicinal materials of acanthopanax senticosus into small pieces, extract 6 times of water and boil for 4 times, each extraction time is 3 hours, combine the extracts, recover the solvent, add water, let stand in the cold storage for 18h, take the supernatant filter paper Filtration; The filtrate was purified by macroporous resin, loaded once, and statically adsorbed for 15 h.
  • Step 4) The ginseng is sliced and extracted twice with 75% ethanol, and extracted for 1 hour each time. The extracts are combined and the ethanol is recovered to obtain the crude extract of ginseng. The extract is purified by macroporous resin and washed with 60% ethanol gradient. Take off, collect 60% ethanol elution site to obtain ginseng total saponin once;
  • Example 2 Cantharidin 1. 5g, ginseng 50g, astragalus 100g, acanthopanax 150g
  • Step 1) The smashed smashed smashed, added 250 ml of acetone and shaken twice for 2 hours, and the extracts were combined, concentrated under reduced pressure, and washed with 95% ethanol: petroleum ether: 1: 5. The washing liquid became colorless. Nearly white crude, add 5ml of acetone, heat to dissolve, filter while hot, the filtrate is placed at 4 ° C for natural crystallization, to obtain white transparent needle crystal, that is, cantharidin; Step 2) Astragalus medicinal materials cut into small pieces, 8 times the amount 60% ethanol was boiled and extracted 3 times, each time for 2 hours, recovered to a non-alcoholic taste, added with water, placed in a cold storage for 24 hours, and the supernatant was filtered with filter paper.
  • the filtrate was adsorbed by macroporous resin, loaded twice, static adsorption for 12 h. Wash 3BV/h with water, then 2BV/h with 30% ethanol, and finally wash 3BV/h with 95% ethanol, collect 95% ethanol, recover to non-alcoholic taste, add water, and let stand in cold storage for 24h.
  • the supernatant is filtered with a filter paper, and the filtrate is first concentrated with a double-effect concentrator, and then dried by microwave to obtain a brown extract; the brown extract is separated by a medium pressure 0DS column to obtain a total saponin of Astragalus;
  • the method for separating the total saponins of Astragalus by medium pressure 0DS column is as follows: After the brown extract is dissolved in 60% methanol, it is filtered through 0. 45 ⁇ ⁇ organic membrane, and loaded; firstly washed with 3% of 60% ethanol, discarded, and reused. Wash 100% methanol 3BV / h, collect 100% methanol, recover the solvent to obtain crude saponin; the crude saponin is dissolved in 65% methanol, filtered through 0.
  • Step 3) Cut the medicinal materials of acanthopanax senticosus into small pieces, extract 8 times of water and boil for 3 times, extract for 2 hours each time, combine the extracts, recover the solvent, add water, set in the cold storage for 24h, and take the supernatant to filter with filter paper;
  • the filtrate was purified with AB-8 resin, loaded twice, and statically adsorbed for 12 h.
  • Step 4) Slice the ginseng, extract it with 35% reflux with 65% ethanol, extract for 2 hours each time, combine the extract, recover the ethanol, and obtain the crude extract of ginseng for use; the extract is purified with macroporous resin and washed with 70% ethanol gradient. Take off, collect 70% ethanol elution site to obtain ginseng total saponin once;
  • Example 3 Cantharidin 0. 9g, ginseng 30g, astragalus 60g, acanthopanax 90g
  • Step 1) The smashed smashed smashed, added with 300 ml of acetone and shaken for 3 h.
  • the extract was concentrated under reduced pressure, using 95% ethanol: petroleum ether was 0. 5: 3 washed until the washing liquid became colorless, and it was nearly white crude, then added 3ml of acetone, dissolved by heating, filtered while hot, and the filtrate was naturally devitrified at 4 ° C to obtain white transparent needle crystals, that is, cantharidin;
  • Step 2 Cut the radix scutellariae into small pieces, extract 6 times 60% ethanol and boil for 4 times, each time for 1 hour, recover to the taste of no alcohol, add water, place in the cold storage for 18h, take the supernatant and filter with filter paper, the filtrate is too large.
  • the filtrate is first concentrated with double effect concentrator, then dried with microwave to obtain brown extract; brown extract is separated by medium pressure 0DS column to obtain jaundice Total saponin
  • the method for separating the total saponins of Astragalus by medium pressure 0DS column is as follows: After the brown extract is dissolved in 55% methanol, it is filtered through 0. 45 ⁇ ⁇ organic membrane and loaded; firstly washed with 4% V/h in 60% ethanol, discarded, and reused. 95% methanol wash 2BV/h, collect 95% methanol The solvent is recovered from the solvent to obtain the crude saponin; the crude saponin is dissolved in 65% methanol, filtered through a 0.54 ⁇ organic membrane, and then loaded; first washed with 65% methanol, discarded, and then washed with 80% methanol, 80 % methanol, recovering solvent to obtain white saponin total saponins;
  • Step 3 Cut the medicinal materials of acanthopanax senticosus into small pieces, extract 10 times of water and boil for 2 times, extract for 1 hour each time, combine the extracts, recover the solvent, add water, let stand in the cold storage for 30h, and take the supernatant to filter with filter paper;
  • the filtrate was purified by macroporous resin, loaded for 3 times, statically adsorbed for 8 h, washed with water 4 BV/h, discarded, and then washed with B70/h with 70% ethanol, combined with 70% ethanol, recovered to an alcohol-free taste, and added with water.
  • the mixture was allowed to stand in the cold storage for 18 h, and the supernatant was filtered with a filter paper.
  • the filtrate was first concentrated with a double-effect concentrator, and then dried by microwave to obtain a brown extract; the extract was further purified by using a macroporous resin, and dissolved with an appropriate amount of water. Load, static adsorption for 15h, first wash lBV / h with water, discard, then wash 4BV / h with 10% methanol, collect, concentrate to extract A, and finally wash with 4% of methanol, 4BV / h, collect, concentrate
  • the extract A was separated by a medium pressure 0DS column to obtain purified acanthopanax B.
  • the extract B was dissolved in 30% methanol, filtered through an organic membrane of 0.55 ⁇ m, and loaded.
  • Step 4) Slice the ginseng, extract it 4 times with 55%% ethanol, extract for 3 hours each time, combine the extracts, recover the ethanol, and obtain the crude extract of ginseng for use; the extract is purified with macroporous resin, and the gradient is 80% ethanol. Elution, collection of 80% ethanol elution site to obtain ginseng total saponin;

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Abstract

一种艾迪冻干制剂及其制备方法。该艾迪冻干制剂含有人参、黄芪、刺五加及斑蝥的有效单体成分,按重量份计算,含有人参30-70份,黄芪60-140份,刺五加90-210份和斑蝥0.9-2.1份。采用分别处理的方法,将斑蝥药材采用丙酮提取后用乙醇石油醚纯化的方法,提高了产品的纯度,使提取液均一,无溶剂残留。黄芪、刺五加药材分别用醇提水沉的方法初提取,然后采用大孔树脂与中压ODS柱相结合的纯化分离处理方式,提高提取物中抗癌有效成分总苷的含量及纯度,使得到的提取物制剂稳定性好、吸收充分、起效快、疗效高,提高和保证了产品的质量。

Description

说 明 书 艾迪冻干制剂及其制备方法 技术领域:
本发明涉及一种艾迪冻干制剂及其制备方法, 属于中药制药的技术领域。 背景技术:
近年来, 肺癌、 原发性肝癌、 结直肠癌、 妇科恶性肿瘤等的发病率逐年上升, 已成 为严重危害人类健康的最常见的恶性肿瘤, 给我们的社会、 经济、 生活带来诸多不变。 艾迪注射液是本公司发明品种, 由人参、 黄芪、 刺五加和斑蝥 4味中药制成, 具有清热 解毒、 消瘀散结的作用, 临床上主要用于原发性肝癌、 肺癌、 直肠癌、 恶性淋巴瘤、 妇 科恶性肿瘤的治疗等, 收载于卫生部部颁标准 20册。专利号为 03117114. 1《治疗肿瘤的 中药注射制剂及其制作方法》 中公开了艾迪注射液的制备工艺: 采用人参醇、 水分提, 其余三味水提, 石硫沉淀法处理、 醇沉的方法获取有效成分, 该方法构成简单, 有效药 效成分损失多, 收率低, 同时容易导致药液中成分变化不稳定中药注射剂中存在的不良 反应, 也始终困扰和影响我国中药注射剂生产企业的发展。 中药注射剂的研发、 生产与 应用出现了前所未有的严峻形势。
药材的常规提取方法为水提或醇提, 但究竟药材适用于水提、 醇提还是醇水结合是 需要药学工作者去研究的一个重点, 本发明人在工艺研究的过程中惊奇地发现, 将斑蝥、 人参、 黄芪和刺五加药材分别进行处理, 然后采用大孔树脂多层吸附的方法, 提高了单 个药材有效成分的提取效率, 降低杂质含量, 提高有效成分纯度, 可以达到解决中药注 射剂稳定性的问题。 发明内容:
本发明的目的在于提供一种艾迪冻干制剂及其制备方法。 它是以人参、 斑蝥、 黄芪 和刺五加为原料药材经提取得到的有效成分提取物制备而成的冻干制剂。
本发明是这样实现的: 艾迪冻干制剂, 按照重量份计算, 它是用斑蝥 0. 9-2. 1份、 人参 30-70份、 黄芪 60-140份、 刺五加 90-210份按下述方法制成:
步骤 1 ) 斑蝥粉碎, 加 200-300份丙酮间歇振摇提取 1-3次, 每次 l-3h, 合并提取 液, 减压浓縮, 用 95%乙醇: 石油醚为 0. 5-2 : 1-3洗涤至洗涤液变无色, 得近白色粗品, 再加入 3-10份丙酮, 加热溶解, 趁热过滤, 滤液 4°C放置自然析晶, 得白色透明针状结 晶, 即得斑蝥素;
步骤 2 )黄芪药材切成小段, 6-10倍量 60%乙醇沸腾提取 2-4次, 每次 1-3小时, 回 收至无醇味, 加水, 置冷库中放置 18-30 h,取上清液用滤纸过滤, 滤液过大孔树脂吸附, 上样 1-3次, 静态吸附 8_15h, 先用水洗 l_4BV/h, 再用 30%乙醇洗 l_3BV/h, 最后用 95% 乙醇洗 2-4BV/h, 收集 95%乙醇部位, 回收至无醇味, 加水, 置冷库中静置 18-30 h, 取 上清液用滤纸过滤, 滤液先用双效浓縮器浓縮, 再用微波干燥, 得棕色浸膏; 棕色浸膏 用中压 0DS柱分离得黄芪总皂苷;
步骤 3 )刺五加药材切成小段, 6-10倍量水沸腾提取 2-4次, 每次提取时间为 1-3小 时, 合并提取液, 回收溶剂, 加水, 置冷库中静置 18-30 h, 取上清液用滤纸过滤; 滤液 用大孔树脂纯化, 上样 1-3次, 静态吸附 8_15h, 先用水洗 l_4BV/h, 弃去, 再用 70%乙 醇洗 l_4BV/h, 合并 70%乙醇部位, 回收至无醇味, 加水, 置冷库中静置 18-30 h, 取上 清液用滤纸过滤, 滤液先用双效浓縮器浓縮, 再用微波干燥得棕色浸膏; 浸膏再用大孔 树脂进行纯化, 用适量水溶解, 上样 1-3次, 静态吸附 8_15h, 先用水洗 l_4BV/h, 弃去, 再用 10%甲醇洗 l-4BV/h, 收集, 浓縮得浸膏 A, 最后用 30%甲醇洗 l-4BV/h, 收集, 浓 縮得浸膏 B; 将浸膏 A用中压 0DS柱分离, 得到纯化后的刺五加苷 B, 浸膏 B用 30%甲醇 溶解后, 经 0. 45 μ πι有机膜过滤, 上样, 先用 30%乙醇洗 2-4BV, 弃去, 再用 40%甲醇洗 2-4BV, 收集 40% 甲醇部位, 回收溶剂得刺五加苷 Ε; 把刺五加苷 Β和刺五加苷 Ε按 1 : 1 勾兑, 即得类白色刺五加总苷;
步骤 4)人参切片, 用 55%_75%乙醇回流提取 2-4次, 每次提取 1_3小时, 合并提取 液, 回收乙醇, 得人参粗提取物备用; 提取物用大孔树脂纯化, 经 60-80%乙醇分梯度洗 脱, 收集 60-80%乙醇洗脱部位一次性获得人参总皂苷;
步骤 5 )将冻干保护剂溶解于注射用水中, 过滤, 然后将黄芪总皂苷提取物、刺五加 总苷提取物和人参皂苷提取物加入到滤液中, 溶解后, 活性炭过滤, 滤液调节 ρΗ至 7, 加入斑蝥素, 过滤, 分装, 然后冻干, 制得成品。
准确地说, 按照重量份计算, 它是用斑蝥 1. 5份、 人参 50份、 黄芪 100份和刺五加 150份制成的。
本发明中大孔树脂柱是指 ΑΒ-8柱、 CD180柱、 DA201柱、 D101柱, 优选 ΑΒ-8柱及 D101柱。
前述步骤 2 )中所用的大孔树脂为 D101型大孔树脂, 树脂用量为: 药材质量 /树脂质 前述步骤 2 ) 中中压 0DS柱分离黄芪总皂苷的方法为: 棕色浸膏用 55-65%甲醇溶解 后, 经 0. 45 μ ιιι有机膜过滤, 上样; 先用 60%乙醇洗 2-4BV/h, 弃去, 再用 95-100%甲醇 洗 2-4BV/h, 收集 95-100%甲醇部位, 回收溶剂得粗皂苷; 粗皂苷用 65_70%甲醇溶解后, 经 0. 45 μ πι有机膜过滤, 再上样; 先用 65-70%甲醇洗, 弃去, 再用 80_90%甲醇洗, 收集 80-90% 甲醇部位, 回收溶剂得类白色黄芪总皂苷。
前述步骤 3 ) 中大孔树脂为 ΑΒ-8型, 首次树脂用量为: 药材质量 /树脂质量 = 3: 1; 再次树脂用量为: 药材质量 /树脂质量 = 1: 30。
前述步骤 5 ) 中冻干保护剂为甘露醇: NaCl=4 : l, 所述用量为 8%。
具体的制备方法为:
步骤 1 ) 斑蝥粉碎, 加 250份丙酮间歇振摇提取 2次, 每次 2h, 合并提取液, 减压 浓縮, 用 95%乙醇: 石油醚为 1 : 1. 5洗涤至洗涤液变无色, 得近白色粗品, 再加入 5份丙 酮, 加热溶解, 趁热过滤, 滤液 4°C放置自然析晶, 得白色透明针状结晶, 即得斑蝥素; 步骤 2 ) 黄芪药材切成小段, 8倍量 60%乙醇沸腾提取 3次, 每次 2小时, 回收至无 醇味, 加水, 置冷库中放置 24h, 取上清液用滤纸过滤, 滤液过大孔树脂吸附, 上样 2 次, 静态吸附 12h, 先用水洗 3BV/h, 再用 30%乙醇洗 2BV/h, 最后用 95%乙醇洗 3BV/h, 收集 95%乙醇部位, 回收至无醇味, 加水, 置冷库中静置 24h, 取上清液用滤纸过滤, 滤 液先用双效浓縮器浓縮, 再用微波干燥, 得棕色浸膏; 棕色浸膏用中压 0DS柱分离得黄 芪总皂苷;
中压 0DS柱分离黄芪总皂苷的方法为: 棕色浸膏用 60% 甲醇溶解后, 经 0. 45 μ πι有 机膜过滤, 上样; 先用 60%乙醇洗 3BV/h, 弃去, 再用 100%甲醇洗 3BV/h, 收集 100% 甲 醇部位, 回收溶剂得粗皂苷; 粗皂苷用 65% 甲醇溶解后, 经 0. 45 μ πι有机膜过滤, 再上 样; 先用 65%甲醇洗, 弃去, 再用 85%甲醇洗, 收集 85%甲醇部位, 回收溶剂得类白色黄 芪总皂苷;
步骤 3 ) 刺五加药材切成小段, 8倍量水沸腾提取 3次, 每次提取 2小时, 合并提取 液, 回收溶剂, 加水, 置冷库中静置 24h, 取上清液用滤纸过滤; 滤液用 AB-8树脂纯化, 上样 2次, 静态吸附 12h, 先用水洗 3BV/h, 弃去, 再用 70%乙醇洗 3BV/h, 合并 70%乙醇 部位, 回收至无醇味, 加水, 置冷库中静置 24h, 取上清液用滤纸过滤, 滤液先用双效浓 縮器浓縮, 再用微波干燥得棕色浸膏; 浸膏再用大孔树脂进行纯化, 用适量水溶解, 上 样 2次, 静态吸附 12h, 先用水洗 3BV/h, 弃去, 再用 10%甲醇洗 3BV/h, 收集, 浓縮得 浸膏 A, 最后用 30%甲醇洗 3BV/h, 收集, 浓縮得浸膏 B; 将浸膏 A用中压 0DS柱分离, 得到纯化后的刺五加苷 B, 浸膏 B用 30% 甲醇溶解后, 经 0. 45 μ πι有机膜过滤, 上样, 先用 30%乙醇洗 3BV, 弃去, 再用 40%甲醇洗 3BV, 收集 40% 甲醇部位, 回收溶剂得刺五 加苷 Ε; 把刺五加苷 Β和刺五加苷 Ε按 1 : 1勾兑, 即得类白色刺五加总苷;
步骤 4) 人参切片, 用 65%乙醇回流提取 3次, 每次提取 2小时, 合并提取液, 回收 乙醇, 得人参粗提取物备用; 提取物用大孔树脂纯化, 经 70%乙醇分梯度洗脱, 收集 70% 乙醇洗脱部位一次性获得人参总皂苷;
步骤 5 )将冻干保护剂溶解于注射用水中, 先用 0. 3%活性炭过滤, 然后通过 0. 22 μ m 微孔滤膜过滤, 将黄芪总皂苷提取物、 刺五加总苷提取物和人参皂苷提取物加入到滤液 中, 溶解后, 加入 0. 2%活性炭过滤, 滤液用 0. 1M的 NaOH溶液调节 pH至 7, 加入斑蝥素, 0. 22 μ πι微孔滤膜过滤, 分装, 然后冻干, 制得成品。
与现有技术相比较, 本发明采用分别处理的方法, 将斑蝥药材采用丙酮提取后用乙 醇石油醚纯化的方法, 提高了产品的纯度, 使提取液均一, 无溶剂残留; 黄芪、 刺五加 药材分别用醇提水沉的方法初提取, 然后采用大孔树脂与中压 0DS柱相结合的纯化分离 处理方式, 提高提取物中抗癌有效成分总苷的含量及纯度, 使得到的提取物制剂稳定性 好、 吸收充分、 起效快、 疗效高, 提高了艾迪注射液的技术含量, 从而提高和保证了产 品的质量。
以下用实验来证明本发明注射用冻干制剂的质量和治疗效果:
实验 1 : 质量对比研究
本发明人针对工艺的改进, 与市售艾迪产品做了全面的比较研究。
3. 1试验药品: 将市售的同一批药材人参 50g、黄芪 100g、刺五加 150g、斑蝥 1. 5g, 按照市售艾迪注射液的制备方法制成 1号药物; 再按本发明实施例 1制备方法制成 2号 药物。
3. 2试验内容: 成品外观性状、 pH值、 含量、 纯度等比较考察。
3. 3方法及结果: 将试验药品各取 2份, 按照已有质量标准对上述指标进行检测。结 果如下:
本发明工艺与市售产品工艺比较结果
1号药物 号药物
比较指标
1 2 1 2
外观性状 浅棕色液体 浅棕色液体 白色疏松块 白色疏松块 状物 状物 复溶性 符合规定 符合规定 干燥失重% 3. 5 3. 3 pH fl 4. 7 4. 6 5. 9 5. 7 人参皂苷 Rgl、Re
0. 32mg/支 0. 34mg 0. 98mg/支 0. 96mg/支
Rbl总量 / 黄芪甲苷 IV 0. 22mg/支 0. 23mg/支
0. Ol lmg/ml 0. 015mg/ml 0. 023mg/支 0. 028mg/支 由以上数据可知, 本发明冻干粉针制剂在成品外观和含量方面均有较大的改善, 同 时其他指标均符合质量标准的要求, 说明本发明制备工艺路线设计合理, 工艺条件符合 工厂生产要求, 成品质量可控。
实验 2: 本发明制剂对实验小鼠移植性肿瘤 S18。、 H22的抑制作用
4. 1材料
4. 1. 1动物: 实验动物: 昆明种小鼠, 体重 18_22g, 雌雄各半。
4. 1. 2药物: 按照本发明制备方法制备的冻干制剂、 市售艾迪注射液。
4. 2方法与结果
4. 2. 1对小鼠移植性肿瘤 S18。的影响:
取肿瘤生长良好的 S18。小鼠, 无菌条件下抽取腹水, 用无菌生理盐水按 1: 3稀释, 显 微镜下计数,调瘤细胞数为 1. O X 107个 /ml (置冰浴中)。然后取 0. 2ml小鼠腋部皮下接种, 24 小时后称重。 取试验药物, 注射给药剂量为 32. Og生药 /kg, 每日小鼠尾静脉给药一次, 对照组尾静脉给药注射 0. 2ml生理盐水, 连续给药十天, 末次给药后 24小时, 取小鼠按常 规方法处死解剖肿瘤, 称重。 结果见下表。
对小鼠实体瘤 S18。的影响
Figure imgf000006_0001
4. 2. 2对小鼠移植性肿瘤 H22的影响:
取传代后生长良好的 ¾2小鼠, 无菌条件下抽取腹水, 力 倍量无菌生理盐水混匀, 接 种于小鼠右前肢腋窝处皮下, 每支接种 0. 2ml,24小时后随机分组, 尾静脉注射给药, 剂 量同上, 每日给药一次, 连续十天。 末次给药后逐日记录各组小鼠死亡情况, 计算各组 小鼠平均生存天数, 计算生命延长率。 结果见下表。 对小鼠 H22腹水瘤的影响
Figure imgf000007_0001
根据以上实验结果, 可以看出本发明冻干与已有注射制剂比较, 可以明显提高对肿 瘤的抑制效果, 说明本发明注射制剂的疗效更好, 生物利用度更高。 经试验研究表明: 与现有技术相比, 本发明采用分别处理的方法, 将斑蝥药材采用 丙酮提取, 提高药物的稳定性, 使提取液均一, 无溶剂残留; 黄芪、 刺五加药材分别用 醇提水沉的方法初提取, 然后采用大孔树脂与中压 0DS柱相结合的纯化分离处理方式, 提高提取物中抗癌有效成分总苷的含量及纯度, 充分证明本发明所述制备工艺具有较强 的科学性、 可行性。 具体实施方式:
实施例 1 : 斑蝥 2. lg、 人参 70g、 黄芪 140g、 刺五加 210g
步骤 1 ) 斑蝥粉碎, 加 200ml丙酮间歇振摇提取 3次, 每次 lh, 合并提取液, 减压 浓縮, 用 95%乙醇: 石油醚为 2 : 1洗涤至洗涤液变无色, 得近白色粗品, 再加入 10ml丙 酮, 加热溶解, 趁热过滤, 滤液 4°C放置自然析晶, 得白色透明针状结晶, 即得斑蝥素; 步骤 2 )黄芪药材切成小段, 10倍量 60%乙醇沸腾提取 2次, 每次 3小时, 回收至无 醇味, 加水, 置冷库中放置 30 h, 取上清液用滤纸过滤, 滤液过大孔树脂吸附, 上样 3 次, 静态吸附 8h, 先用水洗 4BV/h, 再用 30%乙醇洗 lBV/h, 最后用 95%乙醇洗 2BV/h, 收集 95%乙醇部位, 回收至无醇味, 加水, 置冷库中静置 18h, 取上清液用滤纸过滤, 滤 液先用双效浓縮器浓縮, 再用微波干燥, 得棕色浸膏; 棕色浸膏用中压 0DS柱分离得黄 芪总皂苷;
中压 0DS柱分离黄芪总皂苷的方法为: 棕色浸膏用 65% 甲醇溶解后, 经 0. 45 μ πι有 机膜过滤, 上样; 先用 60%乙醇洗 2BV/h, 弃去, 再用 100%甲醇洗 4BV/h, 收集 100% 甲 醇部位, 回收溶剂得粗皂苷; 粗皂苷用 70% 甲醇溶解后, 经 0. 45 μ πι有机膜过滤, 再上 样; 先用 70%甲醇洗, 弃去, 再用 90%甲醇洗, 收集 90%甲醇部位, 回收溶剂得类白色黄 芪总皂苷;
步骤 3 ) 刺五加药材切成小段, 6倍量水沸腾提取 4次, 每次提取时间为 3小时, 合 并提取液, 回收溶剂, 加水, 置冷库中静置 18h, 取上清液用滤纸过滤; 滤液用大孔树脂 纯化, 上样 1次, 静态吸附 15h。 先用水洗 lBV/h, 弃去, 再用 70%乙醇洗 4BV/h, 合并 70%乙醇部位, 回收至无醇味, 加水, 置冷库中静置 30h, 取上清液用滤纸过滤, 滤液先 用双效浓縮器浓縮, 再用微波干燥得棕色浸膏; 浸膏再用大孔树脂进行纯化, 用适量水 溶解, 上样 3次, 静态吸附 8h, 先用水洗 4BV/h, 弃去, 再用 10%甲醇洗 lBV/h, 收集, 浓縮得浸膏 A, 最后用 30%甲醇洗 lBV/h, 收集, 浓縮得浸膏 B; 将浸膏 A用中压 0DS柱 分离, 得到纯化后的刺五加苷 B, 浸膏 B用 30% 甲醇溶解后, 经 0. 45 μ πι有机膜过滤, 上样, 先用 30%乙醇洗 4BV, 弃去, 再用 40%甲醇洗 2BV, 收集 40% 甲醇部位, 回收溶剂 得刺五加苷 Ε; 把刺五加苷 Β和刺五加苷 Ε按 1 : 1勾兑, 即得类白色刺五加总苷;
步骤 4) 人参切片, 用 75%乙醇回流提取 2次, 每次提取 1小时, 合并提取液, 回收 乙醇, 得人参粗提取物备用; 提取物用大孔树脂纯化, 经 60%乙醇分梯度洗脱, 收集 60% 乙醇洗脱部位一次性获得人参总皂苷;
步骤 5) 将 20g冻干保护剂 (甘露醇: NaCl=4 : l ) 溶解于 250ml注射用水中, 先用 0. 3%活性炭过滤, 然后通过 0. 22 μ πι微孔滤膜过滤, 将上述黄芪总皂苷提取物、 刺五加 总苷提取物和人参皂苷提取物加入到滤液中, 溶解后, 加入 0. 2%活性炭, 过滤, 滤液用 0. 1M的 NaOH溶液调节 pH至 7, 加入上述斑蝥素, 0. 22 μ m微孔滤膜过滤, 分装于 5ml 西林瓶中, 每瓶 2. 5ml, 冻干, 扎盖, 制得 100支成品。
实施例 2: 斑蝥 1. 5g、 人参 50g、 黄芪 100g、 刺五加 150g
步骤 1 ) 斑蝥粉碎, 加 250ml丙酮间歇振摇提取 2次, 每次 2h, 合并提取液, 减压 浓縮, 用 95%乙醇: 石油醚为 1 : 1. 5洗涤至洗涤液变无色, 得近白色粗品, 再加入 5ml 丙酮,加热溶解,趁热过滤, 滤液 4°C放置自然析晶,得白色透明针状结晶, 即得斑蝥素; 步骤 2) 黄芪药材切成小段, 8倍量 60%乙醇沸腾提取 3次, 每次 2小时, 回收至无 醇味, 加水, 置冷库中放置 24h, 取上清液用滤纸过滤, 滤液过大孔树脂吸附, 上样 2 次, 静态吸附 12h, 先用水洗 3BV/h, 再用 30%乙醇洗 2BV/h, 最后用 95%乙醇洗 3BV/h, 收集 95%乙醇部位, 回收至无醇味, 加水, 置冷库中静置 24h, 取上清液用滤纸过滤, 滤 液先用双效浓縮器浓縮, 再用微波干燥, 得棕色浸膏; 棕色浸膏用中压 0DS柱分离得黄 芪总皂苷;
中压 0DS柱分离黄芪总皂苷的方法为: 棕色浸膏用 60% 甲醇溶解后, 经 0. 45 μ πι有 机膜过滤, 上样; 先用 60%乙醇洗 3BV/h, 弃去, 再用 100%甲醇洗 3BV/h, 收集 100% 甲 醇部位, 回收溶剂得粗皂苷; 粗皂苷用 65% 甲醇溶解后, 经 0. 45 μ πι有机膜过滤, 再上 样; 先用 65%甲醇洗, 弃去, 再用 85%甲醇洗, 收集 85%甲醇部位, 回收溶剂得类白色黄 芪总皂苷; 步骤 3) 刺五加药材切成小段, 8倍量水沸腾提取 3次, 每次提取 2小时, 合并提取 液, 回收溶剂, 加水, 置冷库中静置 24h, 取上清液用滤纸过滤; 滤液用 AB-8树脂纯化, 上样 2次, 静态吸附 12h。 先用水洗 3BV/h, 弃去, 再用 70%乙醇洗 3BV/h, 合并 70%乙醇 部位, 回收至无醇味, 加水, 置冷库中静置 24h, 取上清液用滤纸过滤, 滤液先用双效浓 縮器浓縮, 再用微波干燥得棕色浸膏; 浸膏再用大孔树脂进行纯化, 用适量水溶解, 上 样 2次, 静态吸附 12h, 先用水洗 3BV/h, 弃去, 再用 10%甲醇洗 3BV/h, 收集, 浓縮得 浸膏 A, 最后用 30%甲醇洗 3BV/h, 收集, 浓縮得浸膏 B; 将浸膏 A用中压 0DS柱分离, 得到纯化后的刺五加苷 B, 浸膏 B用 30% 甲醇溶解后, 经 0. 45 μ πι有机膜过滤, 上样, 先用 30%乙醇洗 3BV, 弃去, 再用 40%甲醇洗 3BV, 收集 40% 甲醇部位, 回收溶剂得刺五 加苷 Ε; 把刺五加苷 Β和刺五加苷 Ε按 1 : 1勾兑, 即得类白色刺五加总苷;
步骤 4) 人参切片, 用 65%乙醇回流提取 3次, 每次提取 2小时, 合并提取液, 回收 乙醇, 得人参粗提取物备用; 提取物用大孔树脂纯化, 经 70%乙醇分梯度洗脱, 收集 70% 乙醇洗脱部位一次性获得人参总皂苷;
步骤 5) 将 20g冻干保护剂 (甘露醇: NaCl=4 : l ) 溶解于 250ml注射用水中, 先用 0. 3%活性炭过滤, 然后通过 0. 22 μ πι微孔滤膜过滤, 将上述黄芪总皂苷提取物、 刺五加 总苷提取物和人参皂苷提取物加入到滤液中, 溶解后, 加入 0. 2%活性炭, 过滤, 滤液用 0. 1M的 NaOH溶液调节 pH至 7, 加入上述斑蝥素, 0. 22 μ m微孔滤膜过滤, 分装于 5ml 西林瓶中, 每瓶 2. 5ml, 冻干, 扎盖, 制得 100支成品。
实施例 3: 斑蝥 0. 9g、 人参 30g、 黄芪 60g、 刺五加 90g
步骤 1 ) 斑蝥粉碎, 加 300ml丙酮间歇振摇提取 3h, 提取液减压浓縮, 用 95%乙醇: 石油醚为 0. 5 : 3洗涤至洗涤液变无色, 得近白色粗品, 再加入 3ml丙酮, 加热溶解, 趁 热过滤, 滤液 4°C放置自然析晶, 得白色透明针状结晶, 即得斑蝥素;
步骤 2) 黄芪药材切成小段, 6倍量 60%乙醇沸腾提取 4次, 每次 1小时, 回收至无 醇味, 加水, 置冷库中放置 18h, 取上清液用滤纸过滤, 滤液过大孔树脂吸附, 上样, 静 态吸附 15h, 先用水洗 lBV/h, 再用 30%乙醇洗 3BV/h, 最后用 95%乙醇洗 4BV/h, 收集 95%乙醇部位, 回收至无醇味, 加水, 置冷库中静置 30 h, 取上清液用滤纸过滤, 滤液先 用双效浓縮器浓縮, 再用微波干燥, 得棕色浸膏; 棕色浸膏用中压 0DS柱分离得黄芪总 皂苷;
中压 0DS柱分离黄芪总皂苷的方法为: 棕色浸膏用 55% 甲醇溶解后, 经 0. 45 μ πι有 机膜过滤, 上样; 先用 60%乙醇洗 4BV/h, 弃去, 再用 95%甲醇洗 2BV/h, 收集 95% 甲醇 部位, 回收溶剂得粗皂苷; 粗皂苷用 65%甲醇溶解后, 经 0. 45 μ πι有机膜过滤, 再上样; 先用 65%甲醇洗, 弃去, 再用 80%甲醇洗, 收集 80%甲醇部位, 回收溶剂得类白色黄芪总 皂苷;
步骤 3 )刺五加药材切成小段, 10倍量水沸腾提取 2次, 每次提取 1小时, 合并提取 液, 回收溶剂, 加水, 置冷库中静置 30h, 取上清液用滤纸过滤; 滤液用大孔树脂纯化, 上样 3次, 静态吸附 8h, 先用水洗 4BV/h, 弃去, 再用 70%乙醇洗 lBV/h, 合并 70%乙醇 部位, 回收至无醇味, 加水, 置冷库中静置 18h, 取上清液用滤纸过滤, 滤液先用双效浓 縮器浓縮, 再用微波干燥得棕色浸膏; 浸膏再用大孔树脂进行纯化, 用适量水溶解, 上 样, 静态吸附 15h, 先用水洗 lBV/h, 弃去, 再用 10%甲醇洗 4BV/h, 收集, 浓縮得浸膏 A, 最后用 30%甲醇洗 4BV/h, 收集, 浓縮得浸膏 B; 将浸膏 A用中压 0DS柱分离, 得到纯 化后的刺五加苷 B, 浸膏 B用 30%甲醇溶解后, 经 0. 45 μ m有机膜过滤, 上样, 先用 30% 乙醇洗 2BV, 弃去, 再用 40%甲醇洗 4BV, 收集 40% 甲醇部位, 回收溶剂得刺五加苷 E; 把刺五加苷 B和刺五加苷 E按 1: 1勾兑, 即得类白色刺五加总苷;
步骤 4) 人参切片, 用 55%%乙醇回流提取 4次, 每次提取 3小时, 合并提取液, 回 收乙醇, 得人参粗提取物备用; 提取物用大孔树脂纯化, 经 80%乙醇分梯度洗脱, 收集 80%乙醇洗脱部位一次性获得人参总皂苷;
步骤 5 ) 将 20g冻干保护剂 (甘露醇: NaCl=4 : l ) 溶解于 250ml注射用水中, 先用 0. 3%活性炭过滤, 然后通过 0. 22 μ πι微孔滤膜过滤, 将上述黄芪总皂苷提取物、 刺五加 总苷提取物和人参皂苷提取物加入到滤液中, 溶解后, 加入 0. 2%活性炭, 过滤, 滤液用 0. 1M的 NaOH溶液调节 pH至 7, 加入上述斑蝥素, 0. 22 μ m微孔滤膜过滤, 分装于 5ml 西林瓶中, 每瓶 2. 5ml, 冻干, 扎盖, 制得 100支成品。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种艾迪冻干制剂,按重量份计算,由斑蝥 0. 9-2. 1份、人参 30-70份、黄芪 60-140 份和刺五加 90-210份为原料药材经下述方法提取得到的有效成分提取物制备而成: 步骤 1 ) 斑蝥粉碎, 加 200-300份丙酮间歇振摇提取 1-3次, 每次 l-3h, 合并提取 液, 减压浓縮, 用 95%乙醇: 石油醚为 0. 5-2 : 1-3洗涤至洗涤液变无色, 得近白色粗品, 再加入 3-10份丙酮, 加热溶解, 趁热过滤, 滤液 4°C放置自然析晶, 得白色透明针状结 晶, 即得斑蝥素;
步骤 2 )黄芪药材切成小段, 6-10倍量 60%乙醇沸腾提取 2-4次, 每次 1-3小时, 回 收至无醇味, 加水, 置冷库中放置 18-30 h,取上清液用滤纸过滤, 滤液过大孔树脂吸附, 上样 1-3次, 静态吸附 8_15h, 先用水洗 l_4BV/h, 再用 30%乙醇洗 l_3BV/h, 最后用 95% 乙醇洗 2-4BV/h, 收集 95%乙醇部位, 回收至无醇味, 加水, 置冷库中静置 18-30 h, 取 上清液用滤纸过滤, 滤液先用双效浓縮器浓縮, 再用微波干燥, 得棕色浸膏; 棕色浸膏 用中压 0DS柱分离得黄芪总皂苷;
步骤 3 )刺五加药材切成小段, 6-10倍量水沸腾提取 2-4次, 每次提取时间为 1-3小 时, 合并提取液, 回收溶剂, 加水, 置冷库中静置 18-30 h, 取上清液用滤纸过滤; 滤液 用大孔树脂纯化, 上样 1-3次, 静态吸附 8_15h, 先用水洗 l_4BV/h, 弃去, 再用 70%乙 醇洗 l_4BV/h, 合并 70%乙醇部位, 回收至无醇味, 加水, 置冷库中静置 18-30 h, 取上 清液用滤纸过滤, 滤液先用双效浓縮器浓縮, 再用微波干燥得棕色浸膏; 浸膏再用大孔 树脂进行纯化, 用适量水溶解, 上样 1-3次, 静态吸附 8_15h, 先用水洗 l_4BV/h, 弃去, 再用 10%甲醇洗 l-4BV/h, 收集, 浓縮得浸膏 A, 最后用 30%甲醇洗 l-4BV/h, 收集, 浓 縮得浸膏 B; 将浸膏 A用中压 0DS柱分离, 得到纯化后的刺五加苷 B, 浸膏 B用 30%甲醇 溶解后, 经 0. 45 μ πι有机膜过滤, 上样, 先用 30%乙醇洗 2-4BV, 弃去, 再用 40%甲醇洗 2-4BV, 收集 40% 甲醇部位, 回收溶剂得刺五加苷 Ε; 把刺五加苷 Β和刺五加苷 Ε按 1 : 1 勾兑, 即得类白色刺五加总苷;
步骤 4)人参切片, 用 55%_75%乙醇回流提取 2-4次, 每次提取 1_3小时, 合并提取 液, 回收乙醇, 得人参粗提取物备用; 提取物用大孔树脂纯化, 经 60-80%乙醇分梯度洗 脱, 收集 60-80%乙醇洗脱部位一次性获得人参总皂苷;
步骤 5 )将冻干保护剂溶解于注射用水中, 过滤, 然后将黄芪总皂苷提取物、刺五加 总苷提取物和人参皂苷提取物加入到滤液中, 溶解后, 活性炭过滤, 滤液调节 ρΗ至 7, 加入斑蝥素, 过滤, 分装, 然后冻干, 制得成品。
2. 权利要求 1所述的艾迪冻干制剂,其特征在于:按照重量份计算,它是用斑蝥 1. 5 份、 人参 50份、 黄芪 100份和刺五加 150份制成的。
3. 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的艾迪冻干制剂,其特征在于:所述大孔树脂柱是指 AB-8 柱、 CD180柱、 DA201柱、 D101柱, 优选 AB-8柱及 D101柱。
4. 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的艾迪冻干制剂, 其特征在于: 所述步骤 2 ) 中所用的 大孔树脂为 D101型大孔树脂; 树脂用量为: 药材质量 /树脂质量 = 3: 1。
5. 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的艾迪冻干制剂, 其特征在于: 所述步骤 2 )中中压 0DS 柱分离黄芪总皂苷的方法为: 棕色浸膏用 55-65% 甲醇溶解后, 经 0. 45 μ πι有机膜过滤, 上样; 先用 60%乙醇洗 2-4BV/h, 弃去, 再用 95-100%甲醇洗 2-4BV/h, 收集 95-100% 甲 醇部位, 回收溶剂得粗皂苷; 粗皂苷用 65-70%甲醇溶解后, 经 0. 45 μ πι有机膜过滤, 再 上样; 先用 65-70%甲醇洗, 弃去, 再用 80-90%甲醇洗, 收集 80-90% 甲醇部位, 回收溶 剂得类白色黄芪总皂苷。
6. 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的艾迪冻干制剂, 其特征在于: 所述步骤 3 ) 中大孔树 脂为 ΑΒ-8型; 首次树脂用量为: 药材质量 /树脂质量 = 3: 1; 再次树脂用量为: 药材质 量 /树脂质量 = 1 : 30。
7. 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的艾迪冻干制剂, 其特征在于: 所述步骤 5 ) 中冻干保 护剂为甘露醇: NaCl=4 : l, 所述用量为 8%。
8. 根据权利要求 3-7任一所述的艾迪冻干制剂, 其特征在于: 制备方法为: 步骤 1 ) 斑蝥粉碎, 加 250份丙酮间歇振摇提取 2次, 每次 2h, 合并提取液, 减压 浓縮, 用 95%乙醇: 石油醚为 1 : 1. 5洗涤至洗涤液变无色, 得近白色粗品, 再加入 5份丙 酮, 加热溶解, 趁热过滤, 滤液 4°C放置自然析晶, 得白色透明针状结晶, 即得斑蝥素; 步骤 2 ) 黄芪药材切成小段, 8倍量 60%乙醇沸腾提取 3次, 每次 2小时, 回收至无 醇味, 加水, 置冷库中放置 24h, 取上清液用滤纸过滤, 滤液过大孔树脂吸附, 上样 2 次, 静态吸附 12h, 先用水洗 3BV/h, 再用 30%乙醇洗 2BV/h, 最后用 95%乙醇洗 3BV/h, 收集 95%乙醇部位, 回收至无醇味, 加水, 置冷库中静置 24h, 取上清液用滤纸过滤, 滤 液先用双效浓縮器浓縮, 再用微波干燥, 得棕色浸膏; 棕色浸膏用中压 0DS柱分离得黄 芪总皂苷;
中压 0DS柱分离黄芪总皂苷的方法为: 棕色浸膏用 60% 甲醇溶解后, 经 0. 45 μ πι有 机膜过滤, 上样; 先用 60%乙醇洗 3BV/h, 弃去, 再用 100%甲醇洗 3BV/h, 收集 100% 甲 醇部位, 回收溶剂得粗皂苷; 粗皂苷用 65% 甲醇溶解后, 经 0. 45 μ πι有机膜过滤, 再上 样; 先用 65%甲醇洗, 弃去, 再用 85%甲醇洗, 收集 85%甲醇部位, 回收溶剂得类白色黄 芪总皂苷;
步骤 3 ) 刺五加药材切成小段, 8倍量水沸腾提取 3次, 每次提取 2小时, 合并提取 液, 回收溶剂, 加水, 置冷库中静置 24h, 取上清液用滤纸过滤; 滤液用 AB-8树脂纯化, 上样 2次, 静态吸附 12h, 先用水洗 3BV/h, 弃去, 再用 70%乙醇洗 3BV/h, 合并 70%乙醇 部位, 回收至无醇味, 加水, 置冷库中静置 24h, 取上清液用滤纸过滤, 滤液先用双效浓 縮器浓縮, 再用微波干燥得棕色浸膏; 浸膏再用大孔树脂进行纯化, 用适量水溶解, 上 样 2次, 静态吸附 12h, 先用水洗 3BV/h, 弃去, 再用 10%甲醇洗 3BV/h, 收集, 浓縮得 浸膏 A, 最后用 30%甲醇洗 3BV/h, 收集, 浓縮得浸膏 B; 将浸膏 A用中压 0DS柱分离, 得到纯化后的刺五加苷 B, 浸膏 B用 30% 甲醇溶解后, 经 0. 45 μ πι有机膜过滤, 上样, 先用 30%乙醇洗 3BV, 弃去, 再用 40%甲醇洗 3BV, 收集 40% 甲醇部位, 回收溶剂得刺五 加苷 Ε; 把刺五加苷 Β和刺五加苷 Ε按 1 : 1勾兑, 即得类白色刺五加总苷;
步骤 4) 人参切片, 用 65%乙醇回流提取 3次, 每次提取 2小时, 合并提取液, 回收 乙醇, 得人参粗提取物备用; 提取物用大孔树脂纯化, 经 70%乙醇分梯度洗脱, 收集 70% 乙醇洗脱部位一次性获得人参总皂苷;
步骤 5 )将冻干保护剂溶解于注射用水中, 先用 0. 3%活性炭过滤, 然后通过 0. 22 μ m 微孔滤膜过滤, 将黄芪总皂苷提取物、 刺五加总苷提取物和人参皂苷提取物加入到滤液 中, 溶解后, 加入 0. 2%活性炭过滤, 滤液用 0. 1M的 NaOH溶液调节 pH至 7, 加入斑蝥素, 0. 22 μ πι微孔滤膜过滤, 分装, 然后冻干, 制得成品。
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