WO2014063426A1 - 一种转向架及应用该转向架的货车 - Google Patents

一种转向架及应用该转向架的货车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014063426A1
WO2014063426A1 PCT/CN2012/087780 CN2012087780W WO2014063426A1 WO 2014063426 A1 WO2014063426 A1 WO 2014063426A1 CN 2012087780 W CN2012087780 W CN 2012087780W WO 2014063426 A1 WO2014063426 A1 WO 2014063426A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
connecting rod
bogie
link
stopper
side frame
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2012/087780
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘振明
邢书明
胡海滨
邵文东
Original Assignee
齐齐哈尔轨道交通装备有限责任公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 齐齐哈尔轨道交通装备有限责任公司 filed Critical 齐齐哈尔轨道交通装备有限责任公司
Priority to UAA201411298A priority Critical patent/UA114623C2/uk
Priority to RU2014141564/11U priority patent/RU160800U1/ru
Publication of WO2014063426A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014063426A1/zh

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61RAILWAYS
    • B61FRAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/50Other details

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of transportation equipment technology, and in particular to a bogie and a truck using the same. Background technique
  • the bogie is one of the most important components in the structure of railway vehicles. Its main function is to increase the load, length and volume of the vehicle, improve the running speed of the train, and under the specified line orbit conditions, the vehicles of the no-load and heavy-duty trains are Both low speed and high speed operation should have good running quality to protect vehicles and cargo and meet the needs of railway transportation development.
  • the bogie can be divided into a frame bogie, a quasi-frame bogie and a three-piece bogie.
  • FIG. 1 is a top view of a three-piece bogie in the prior art; the lower cylinder is to introduce the structure of the bogie and the defects in the working process.
  • the bogie includes two wheel pairs 2, two side frames 1 disposed on the lateral outer side of the wheel pair 2, and a bolster 5 fixedly connected to the center positions of the two side frames 1.
  • the bogie further includes a first link 71 and a second link 72 that cross the reserved holes on both sides of the abdomen of the bolster 5 in an "X" shape, the first end 711 of the first link 71, the second The first end 721 of the link 72 is resiliently coupled to one of the side frames 1 and is symmetrical about a centerline of the bolster 5, the second end 712 of the first link 71, and the second end 722 of the second link 72 It is elastically connected to the other side frame 1 and is symmetrical about the center line of the bolster 5.
  • the four-bar linkage formed by the first link 71 and the second link 72 limits the lateral and longitudinal misalignment of the side frames 1 and increases the truck
  • the anti-diamond stiffness of the bogie ensures the running speed of the three-piece bogie of cast steel.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the two connections in Figure 1, the first one in the figure
  • the 71 and the second link 72 are stacked one on top of the other so that the intersections are separated from each other. Since the first link 71 and the second link 72 are not in a horizontal plane, an additional torque is generated to the side frame 1, resulting in uneven force on the two side frames 1, which affects the running speed of the bogie; The first link 71 and the second link 72 occupy a large space, and thus the reserved hole of the abdomen of the bolster 5 needs to be set large, which affects the stability of the bolster 5.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the joint of the bearing bearing saddle 12 of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the elastic positioning device 3 of FIG. 3.
  • the rotating shaft of the side frame 1 and the wheel pair 2 A load-bearing saddle assembly for transmitting a load and providing a transverse longitudinal gap between the bearing and the guide frame of the side frame 1 is provided, which includes a load-bearing saddle 12 and a saddle-shaped elastic positioning device 3, and the elastic positioning device 3 is provided with a positioning pin in the middle 34. Positioning with the side frame 1 and the bearing saddle 12 is achieved by the positioning pin 34. However, the positioning pin 34 is welded to the hole of the upper and lower panels 33 of the elastic positioning device 3, and the strength and reliability of the welded structure are poor.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a bogie capable of ensuring uniform load on both side frames during operation, avoiding generation of additional torque, and improving connection reliability of the saddle assembly.
  • another object of the present invention is to provide a wagon that uses the above-described steering frame.
  • the present invention provides a bogie including two wheel pairs, two side frames disposed laterally outward of the wheel pair, and a bolster connected between the two side frames;
  • the bogie further includes a first link and a second link that cross through the reserved hole of the bolster abdomen, the first end of the first link and the first end of the second link a side frame elastically connected, the second end of the first link and the second end of the second link and the other side of the frame
  • the first link and the second link are in the same horizontal plane.
  • a middle of one of the first link and the second link is provided with a through hole, and the other of the two passes through the through hole.
  • a middle portion of one of the first link and the second link is provided with an upwardly convex first bent portion, and the other of the two is provided with a downward convex portion, a second bent portion that is engaged with the first bent portion, wherein the first link and the second link intersect at the first bent portion and the second bent portion.
  • one of the first link and the second link is provided with a first bent portion that is convex upward or a second bent portion that is convex downward,
  • the other one is disposed horizontally as a whole, and the first link and the second link intersect at the first bent portion or the second bent portion.
  • the first link and the second link are both integrally formed structures.
  • the bogie further includes a carrying saddle disposed outside the wheel set and below the side frame, and a saddle-shaped elastic positioning device is disposed between the carrying saddle and the side frame, the elastic positioning device
  • the utility model comprises an upper village plate, a lower village plate and an elastic body pad disposed between the upper village plate and the lower village plate; the upper village plate and the lower village plate respectively have an upwardly convex first stop block and a downward convex portion a second stop, the side frame and the corresponding position of the load-bearing saddle facing the elastic positioning device are respectively provided with a first card slot and a second card slot, wherein the first block and the second block are respectively inserted in the The first card slot and the second card slot are fastened and fixed; the first block and the upper village plate are integrally formed, and the second block and the lower village plate are integrally formed.
  • the first block and the second block have a triangular cross section, and the thickness of the first block and the thickness of the second block are gradually decreased from the root end to the end. small.
  • the number of the first block and the second block are two, and the two first blocks are respectively disposed at two lateral ends of the middle portion of the upper panel, and the two The second stops are respectively disposed at lateral ends of the middle portion of the lower village board.
  • both sides of the side frame are disposed on a support seat symmetrically about a center line of the bolster, and the support base is fixed with a shaft, and each end of each link is provided with a mounting hole, and each of the links A rod is fitted to the outside of the shaft through the mounting hole, and a nut is threadedly connected to the top end of the shaft.
  • the present invention provides a bogie including a first link and a second link that cross through a reserved hole in the bolster abdomen, a first end of the first link and a first end of the second link A side frame is elastically connected, and the second end of the first link and the second end of the second link are elastically coupled to the other side frame, and the first link and the second link are in the same horizontal plane.
  • first link and the second link are in the same horizontal plane, and the two are separated from each other at the intersection, the first link and the second link are transmitted to the two during the operation of the bogie
  • the force of the side frame is relatively uniform, so that the two side frames are evenly loaded, avoiding additional torque generated by the side frame and ensuring the running stability of the bogie.
  • the first link and the second link are in the same horizontal plane, so that the space occupied by the first link and the second link is small, so the reserved hole of the bolster abdomen can also be relatively reduced, thereby further enhancing The structural strength of the bogie.
  • the present invention also provides a truck comprising a vehicle body and a bogie coupled to the underside of the vehicle body; the bogie employing the bogie as described above.
  • FIG. 1 is a top plan view of a three-piece bogie in the prior art
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of two joints in Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of the bearing bearing saddle joint of Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural view of the elastic positioning device of Figure 3;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of two links of a bogie provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of a second embodiment of two links of the bogie provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of the intersection of the third embodiment of the two links of the bogie provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of an elastic positioning device for a bogie provided by the present invention
  • 9 is a schematic structural view of a support base and a connecting rod of a bogie provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a specific embodiment of the truck provided by the present invention.
  • the correspondence between the reference numerals in FIG. 1 to FIG. 10 and the component names is: bogie 100; vehicle body 200;
  • Elastomer pad 31 Shangcun plate 32; first block 321; lower village plate 33; second block 331; positioning pin 34;
  • first link 71 a first link 71; a first end portion 711 of the first link; a second end portion 712 of the first link; a first bent portion 713; a through hole 714; a second link 72; a first end portion 721; a second end portion 722 of the second link; a second bent portion 723
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a bogie capable of ensuring uniform load on both side frames during operation, avoiding generation of additional torque, and improving connection reliability of the saddle assembly.
  • another object of the present invention is to provide a truck to which the above-described bogie is applied.
  • orientation word “longitudinal” appearing in the document of the present invention refers to the direction along the length of the track when the bogie is parked on the railway track, that is, the direction extending left and right in FIG. 1
  • “horizontal” refers to When the bogie is parked on the railway track, along the direction of the track width, that is, the direction extending up and down in Figure 1, it should be understood that these orientation words are established based on the drawings of the specification, and their appearance does not occur. The scope of protection of the invention should be affected.
  • the present invention provides a bogie including two wheel sets 2, two side frames 1 disposed laterally outward of the wheel set 2, and a bolster connected to the center positions of the two side frames 1.
  • the bogie further includes a first link 71 and a second link 72, a first link 71 and a second
  • the connecting rod 72 intersects through the reserved holes on both sides of the abdomen of the bolster 5 in an "X" shape, and the intersections of the first link 71 and the second link 72 are separated from each other; the first end of the first link 71 711, the first end portion 721 of the second link 72 is elastically connected to one of the side frames 1 and is symmetric about the center line of the bolster 5, and the second end portion 712 of the first link 71 and the second link portion 72 are The two end portions 722 are elastically coupled to the other side frame 1 and are symmetrical about the center line of the bolster 5. Further, the first link 71 and the second link 72 are in the same horizontal plane.
  • first link 71 and the second link 72 are in the same horizontal plane, and the two are separated from each other at the intersection, the first link 71 and the second link 72 are in operation during the operation of the bogie
  • the force transmitted to the two side frames 1 is relatively uniform, so that the two side frames 1 are evenly loaded, and the side frame 1 is prevented from generating additional torque to ensure the running stability of the bogie.
  • the first link 71 and the second link 72 are in the same horizontal plane, so that the space occupied by the first link 71 and the second link 72 is small, so the reserved hole in the abdomen of the bolster 5 can also be relatively reduced. Small, which further enhances the structural strength of the bogie.
  • first link 71 and the second link 72 are in the same horizontal plane
  • first link 71 and the second link 72 are in the same horizontal plane
  • the longitudinal direction axes of the rods 72 are substantially in the same horizontal plane, and do not mean that all portions of the first link 71 and the second link 72 are in the same horizontal plane, allowing the first link 71 and the second link 72 to be less than a portion. In the same horizontal plane.
  • first link 71 and the second link 72 are at the same horizontal plane.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of two links of the bogie provided by the present invention.
  • one of the first link 71 and the second link 72 is provided with a through hole 714 in the middle thereof, and the other one passes through the through hole. 714.
  • the through hole 714 is provided by one link to provide a space for the other link to cross, and the cartridge conveniently realizes the avoidance of the two at the intersection, so that the first link 71 and the second link 72 is in the same horizontal plane.
  • FIG. 6 is a second embodiment of two links of the bogie provided by the present invention. Schematic diagram of the structure.
  • one of the first link 71 and the second link 72 is provided with a first protruding portion 713 that is upwardly convex.
  • the other middle portion is provided with a second bent portion 723 which is downwardly convex and cooperates with the first bent portion 713.
  • the first link 71 and the second link 72 are at the first bent portion 713 and the second bent portion.
  • the folds 723 intersect.
  • first bent portion 713 and the second bent portion 723 provide a larger space for the middle portions of the two links by the protrusions in the opposite directions, so that the first link 71 and the second link 72 are provided. Can cross each other separately and in the same plane.
  • first link 71 and the second link 72 of the structure are complementarily matched to maintain a symmetrical structure, so that the two are balanced during the operation of the bogie, further ensuring that the two links are connected to the side frame 1. Structural strength.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a third embodiment of two links of the bogie provided by the present invention.
  • one of the first link 71 and the second link 72 is provided with a first protruding portion 713 or a downward convex portion that is convex upward.
  • the second bent portion 723, the other of the first link 71 and the second link 72 are disposed horizontally as a whole, and the first link 71 and the second link 72 are at the first bent portion 713 or The second bent portion 723 intersects.
  • first link 71 and the second link 72 are not limited to the above three embodiments, and other configurations may be employed.
  • first link 71 and the second link 72 described above may both be integrally formed.
  • the bent portion on the link shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 is integrally formed with the link body, so that the structure can be further improved compared to the structure in which the bent portion is welded and riveted to the link body. Strength, further ensuring the stability of the bogie.
  • the first link 71 and the second link 72 may also adopt a split combined structure.
  • the upper cover and the lower cover are respectively welded to the upper of the two link bodies. , below, and thus the cover The plate, the lower cover, and the two link bodies enclose a through hole 714 through which the other link passes. Users can choose according to their needs.
  • FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of the elastic positioning device 3 of the bogie provided by the present invention.
  • the bogie further includes a bearing saddle 12 disposed outside the wheel set 2 and below the side frame 1 , and the bearing saddle 12 and the side frame 1 are disposed between
  • the saddle-shaped elastic positioning device 3 and the saddle-shaped elastic positioning device 3 include an upper village plate 32, a lower village plate 33, and an elastic mat 31 disposed between the upper village plate 32 and the lower village plate 33.
  • the upper village plate 32 and the lower village plate 33 are respectively provided with an upwardly convex first stopper 321 and a downwardly convex second stopper 331.
  • the side frame 1 and the bearing saddle 12 are respectively disposed at corresponding positions of the elastic positioning device 3
  • the first card slot and the second slot, the first block 321 and the second block 331 are respectively inserted into the first card slot and the second card slot to form a fastening.
  • the first stopper 321 and the upper village panel 32 are integrally formed, and the second stopper 331 and the lower village panel 33 are integrally formed.
  • the positioning accuracy of the side frame 1, the elastic positioning device 3 and the bearing saddle 12 during the operation of the bogie can be ensured by the cooperation of the stopper and the card slot, and the lateral displacement and the longitudinal displacement of the three are avoided. Enhance the working stability and reliability of the bogie. Moreover, since the first block 321 is integrally formed with the upper plate 32, and the second block 331 and the lower plate 33 are integrally formed, the elastic positioning device 3 is further enhanced compared with the structure of the welding positioning pin 34 in the prior art. Structural strength and reliability.
  • the first block 321 and the second block 331 may each have a triangular cross section, and the thickness of the first block 321 and the thickness of the second block 331 are from the root end. The direction to the end gradually decreases. In this way, the roots of the first block 321 and the second block 331 can be subjected to a larger load at the opposite ends, thereby further preventing the first block 321 and the second block 331 from being excessively sheared.
  • the phenomenon of falling off from the Shangcun plate 32 and the lower village plate 33 further ensures the stability of the work of the block.
  • the above two stoppers are not limited to the above shapes, and other shapes may be employed.
  • the number of the first block 321 and the second block 331 is Two, two first stoppers 321 are respectively disposed at lateral ends of the middle portion of the upper village panel 32, and two second stoppers 331 are respectively disposed at lateral ends of the middle portion of the lower village panel 33, thereby ensuring that the elastic positioning device 3 is Uniform force during work.
  • two first stoppers 321 are respectively disposed at lateral ends of the middle portion of the upper village panel 32
  • two second stoppers 331 are respectively disposed at lateral ends of the middle portion of the lower village panel 33, thereby ensuring that the elastic positioning device 3 is Uniform force during work.
  • other numbers of stops can be used.
  • FIG. 9 is a structural schematic view of the connection between the support base and the connecting rod of the bogie provided by the present invention.
  • both sides of the side frame 1 are disposed on the support base 13 symmetrically about the center line of the bolster 5, and the support base 13 is fixed with a shaft 137, and each of the joints
  • the ends of the rods are provided with mounting holes, and the connecting rods are assembled outside the shaft 137 through the mounting holes, and the top end of the shaft 137 is provided with a gland 138 and a pad 139, and is screwed to the nut 134.
  • a rubber taper sleeve 131 may be interposed between the shaft 137 and the connecting rod.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a specific embodiment of a truck provided by the present invention.
  • the present invention also provides a truck including a vehicle body 200 and a bogie 100 coupled to the underside of the vehicle body 200.
  • the bogie 100 employs the bogie as described above.
  • the above is a bogie provided by the present invention and a truck using the bogie.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

一种转向架,包括两个轮对(2),设于所述轮对(2)横向外侧的两个侧架(1),连接于两个所述侧架(1)之间的摇枕(5),所述转向架还包括交叉穿过所述摇枕(5)腹部预留孔的第一连杆(71)和第二连杆(72),所述第一连杆(71)的第一端部和所述第二连杆(72)的第一端部与一个侧架(1)弹性连接,所述第一连杆(71)的第二端部和所述第二连杆(72)的第二端部与另一侧架(1)弹性连接,所述第一连杆(71)和第二连杆(72)处于同一水平面内。这种转向架能使第一连杆和第二连杆传递给两个侧架的力比较均匀,使两个侧架均衡受载,避免侧架产生附加力矩,保证转向架的运行稳定性,同时还进一步增强转向架的刚度。

Description

一种转向架及应用该转向架的货车 本申请要求于 2012 年 10 月 22 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 201210404118.1、 发明名称为 "一种转向架及应用该转向架的货车" 的 中国专利申请的优先权, 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。 技术领域
本发明涉及运输装备技术领域, 尤其涉及一种转向架及应用该转向 架的货车。 背景技术
转向架是铁路车辆结构中最为重要的部件之一, 其主要作用是增加 车辆的载重、 长度与容积、 提高列车运行速度、 并在规定的线路轨道条 件下, 空载和重载列车的车辆在低速和高速运行时, 都应具有良好的运 行品质, 以保护车辆和货物, 满足铁路运输发展的需要。 按照车体与转 向架之间的载荷传递方式可以将转向架分为构架式转向架、 准构架转向 架和三大件转向架。
请参考图 1 , 图 1为现有技术中一种三大件转向架的俯视图; 下面 筒要介绍上述转向架的结构以及其在工作过程中存在的缺陷。
现有技术中, 如图 1所示, 该转向架包括两个轮对 2、 设于轮对 2 横向外侧的两个侧架 1 ,与两个侧架 1的中心位置固定连接的摇枕 5。该 转向架还包括呈 "X" 形交叉穿过摇枕 5腹部两侧的预留孔的第一连杆 71和第二连杆 72, 第一连杆 71的第一端部 711、 第二连杆 72的第一端 部 721与侧架 1之一弹性连接且关于摇枕 5的中心线对称,第一连杆 71 的第二端部 712、第二连杆 72的第二端部 722与另一侧架 1弹性连接且 关于摇枕 5的中心线对称。 采用这种结构, 第一连杆 71和第二连杆 72 形成的四连杆机构限制了两侧架 1的横向和纵向错位变形, 增大了货车 转向架的抗菱刚度, 保证了铸钢三大件转向架的运行速度。
如图 2所示, 图 2为图 1中两个连 的结构示意图, 图中第一连 4干
71和第二连杆 72上下叠放交叉, 使得交叉部位相互分离。 由于第一连 杆 71和第二连杆 72不在一个水平面内, 会对侧架 1产生附加力矩, 导 致两个侧架 1的受力不均, 影响转向架的运行速度; 另外, 这种结构的 第一连杆 71和第二连杆 72占用较大的空间, 进而需要摇枕 5腹部的预 留孔设置较大, 影响摇枕 5稳定性。
如图 3和图 4所示,图 3为图 1的轴承承载鞍 12连接处的结构示意 图; 图 4为图 3中的弹性定位装置 3的结构示意图; 上述侧架 1和轮对 2的转轴之间设有用于传递载荷并提供轴承与侧架 1导框之间的横纵向 间隙的承载鞍组件, 其包括承载鞍 12和鞍形弹性定位装置 3 , 该弹性定 位装置 3中部设有定位销 34, 通过该定位销 34实现与侧架 1、 承载鞍 12的定位。 但是, 该定位销 34与弹性定位装置 3的上、 下村板 33的孔 位焊接结构, 这种焊接结构的强度和可靠性较差。
有鉴于此, 亟待针对上述技术问题, 对现有技术中的转向架进行进 一步的优化设计, 以使转向架运行过程中两侧架受到的载荷均匀、 避免 产生附加力矩, 并且提高承载鞍组件的连接可靠性。
发明内容
本发明的目的为提供一种转向架, 该转向架能够保证运行过程中两 侧架受到的载荷均匀、 避免附加力矩的产生, 并且能够提高承载鞍组件 的连接可靠性。 在此基础上, 本发明的另一目的为提供一种应用上述转 向架的货车。
为解决上述技术问题, 本发明提供一种转向架, 包括两个轮对, 设 于所述轮对横向外侧的两个侧架, 连接于两个所述侧架之间的摇枕; 所 述转向架还包括交叉穿过所述摇枕腹部预留孔的第一连杆和第二连杆, 所述第一连杆的第一端部和所述第二连杆的第一端部与一个侧架弹性连 接, 所述第一连杆的第二端部和所述第二连杆的第二端部与另一侧架弹 性连接, 所述第一连杆和第二连杆处于同一水平面内。
优选地, 所述第一连杆、 所述第二连杆二者中的一者中部设有通孔, 二者中的另一者穿过所述通孔。
优选地, 所述第一连杆、 所述第二连杆二者中的一者中部设有向上 凸起的第一弯折部, 二者中的另一者中部设有向下凸起、 与所述第一弯 折部配合的第二弯折部, 所述第一连杆、 所述第二连杆在所述第一弯折 部、 所述第二弯折部处交叉。
优选地, 所述第一连杆、 所述第二连杆二者中的一者中部设有向上 凸起的第一弯折部或向下凸起的第二弯折部, 二者中的另一者整体水平 设置, 所述第一连杆、 所述第二连杆在所述第一弯折部或所述第二弯折 部处交叉。
优选地, 所述第一连杆和所述第二连杆均为一体成型结构。
优选地, 所述转向架还包括设置于所述轮对外侧、 所述侧架下方的 承载鞍, 所述承载鞍与所述侧架之间设有鞍形弹性定位装置, 所述弹性 定位装置包括上村板、 下村板和设于所述上村板、 下村板之间的弹性体 垫; 所述上村板、 所述下村板分别设有向上凸起的第一挡块、 向下凸起 的第二挡块, 所述侧架、 所述承载鞍朝向弹性定位装置的对应位置处分 别设有第一卡槽、 第二卡槽, 所述第一挡块、 第二挡块分别插装于所述 第一卡槽、 第二卡槽中形成扣合固定; 所述第一挡块与所述上村板为一 体成型结构, 所述第二挡块与所述下村板为一体成型结构。
优选地, 所述第一挡块、 所述第二挡块的横截面均为三角形, 且所 述第一挡块的厚度、所述第二挡块的厚度沿根端到末端的方向逐渐减小。
优选地, 所述第一挡块、 所述第二挡块的数目均为两个, 两个所述 第一挡块分别设于所述上村板中间部分的横向两端、 两个所述第二挡块 分别设于所述下村板中间部分的横向两端。
优选地, 所述侧架的两侧均设于关于所述摇枕的中心线对称的支撑 座, 所述支撑座上固定有轴杆, 各个连杆的端部均设有安装孔, 各连杆 通过所述安装孔套装于所述轴杆外部,且所述轴杆顶端螺纹连接有螺母。 本发明提供一种转向架, 其包括交叉穿过摇枕腹部预留孔的第一连 杆和第二连杆, 第一连杆的第一端部和第二连杆的第一端部与一个侧架 弹性连接, 第一连杆的第二端部和第二连杆的第二端部与另一侧架弹性 连接, 第一连杆和第二连杆处于同一水平面内。
采用这种结构, 由于第一连杆和第二连杆处于同一水平面内, 且二 者在交叉处彼此分离, 使得转向架在运行过程中, 第一连杆和第二连杆 传递给两个侧架的力比较均匀, 进而使两个侧架均衡受载, 避免侧架产 生附加力矩, 保证转向架的运行稳定性。 此外, 第一连杆和第二连杆处 于同一水平面内, 使得第一连杆和第二连杆所占用的空间较小, 因此摇 枕腹部的预留孔也可以相对减小,从而进一步增强了转向架的结构强度。
本发明还提供一种货车,包括车体和连接于所述车体下方的转向架; 所述转向架采用如上所述的转向架。
由于上述转向架具有上述技术效果, 因此, 包括上述转向架的货车 也应当具有相同的技术效果, 在此不再赘述。
附图说明
图 1为现有技术中一种三大件转向架的俯视图;
图 2为图 1中两个连^ ^干的结构示意图;
图 3为图 1的轴承承载鞍连接处的结构示意图;
图 4为图 3中的弹性定位装置的结构示意图;
图 5 为本发明所提供转向架的两个连杆的第一实施例的结构示意 图;
图 6 为本发明所提供转向架的两个连杆的第二实施例的结构示意 图;
图 7为本发明所提供转向架的两个连杆的第三实施例交叉处的结构 示意图;
图 8 为本发明所提供转向架的弹性定位装置的第一实施例的立体 图; 图 9为本发明所提供转向架的支撑座与连杆连接处的结构示意图; 图 10为本发明所提供货车的一种具体实施方式的结构示意图。 其中, 图 1至图 10中的附图标记与部件名称的对应关系为: 转向架 100; 车体 200;
侧架 1 ; 轮对 2; 轴向弹性定位装置 3; 摇枕 5;
轴承承载鞍 12; 支撑座 13; 橡胶锥套 131 ; 螺母 134; 轴杆 137; 压盖 138; 垫圏 139;
弹性体垫 31 ; 上村板 32; 第一挡块 321 ; 下村板 33; 第二挡块 331 ; 定位销 34;
第一连杆 71 ; 第一连杆的第一端部 711 ; 第一连杆的第二端部 712; 第 一弯折部 713; 通孔 714; 第二连杆 72; 第二连杆的第一端部 721 ; 第二 连杆的第二端部 722; 第二弯折部 723
具体实施方式
本发明的一个目的为提供一种转向架, 该转向架能够保证运行过程 中两侧架受到的载荷均匀、 避免附加力矩的产生, 并且能够提高承载鞍 组件的连接可靠性。 在此基础上, 本发明的另一目的为提供一种应用上 述转向架的货车。
为了使本领域的技术人员更好地理解本发明的技术方案, 下面结合 附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步的详细说明。 需要说明的是, 本发 明文件中出现的方位词 "纵向 "指的是当转向架停放在铁路线路轨道上 时, 沿着轨道长度的方向, 即图 1中左右延伸的方向, "横向 "指的是当 转向架停放在铁路线路轨道上时, 沿着轨道宽度的方向, 即图 1中上下 延伸的方向, 应当理解, 这些方位词是以说明书附图为基准而设立的, 它们的出现不应当影响本发明的保护范围。
在一种具体实施方式中, 本发明提供一种转向架, 包括两个轮对 2, 设于轮对 2横向外侧的两个侧架 1 , 与两个侧架 1的中心位置连接的摇 枕 5。 该转向架还包括第一连杆 71和第二连杆 72, 第一连杆 71和第二 连杆 72呈" X"形交叉穿过摇枕 5腹部两侧的预留孔, 且第一连杆 71和 第二连杆 72的交叉部位相互分离; 第一连杆 71的第一端部 711、 第二 连杆 72的第一端部 721与侧架 1之一弹性连接且关于摇枕 5的中心线对 称, 第一连杆 71的第二端部 712、 第二连杆 72的第二端部 722与另一 侧架 1弹性连接且关于摇枕 5 的中心线对称。 并且, 上述第一连杆 71 和第二连杆 72处于同一水平面内。
采用这种结构,由于第一连杆 71和第二连杆 72处于同一水平面内, 且二者在交叉处彼此分离,使得转向架在运行过程中,第一连杆 71和第 二连杆 72传递给两个侧架 1的力比较均匀,进而使两个侧架 1均衡受载, 避免侧架 1产生附加力矩, 保证转向架的运行稳定性。 此外, 第一连杆 71和第二连杆 72处于同一水平面内, 使得第一连杆 71和第二连杆 72 所占用的空间较小, 因此摇枕 5腹部的预留孔也可以相对减小, 从而进 一步增强了转向架的结构强度。
特别说明的是,本文中 "第一连杆 71和第二连杆 72处于同一水平面 内"是指两个连杆的四个端部处于同一水平面内, 且第一连杆 71、 第二 连杆 72的长度方向轴线基本处于同一水平面内, 并非指第一连杆 71和 第二连杆 72的所有部分均处于同一水平面内, 允许第一连杆 71和第二 连杆 72较少部分不处于同一水平面内。
下面具体通过三个具体实施例说明上述第一连杆 71和第二连杆 72 处于同一水平面的结构。
请参考图 5 , 图 5为本发明所提供转向架的两个连杆的第一实施例 的结构示意图。
在一种具体实施方式中, 如图 5所示, 上述第一连杆 71、 第二连杆 72二者中的一者中部设有通孔 714, 二者中的另一者穿过通孔 714。
采用这种结构, 通过一个连杆设置通孔 714的方式为另一个连杆提 供交叉的空间, 筒单方便地实现了二者在交叉处的避让, 使得第一连杆 71和第二连杆 72处于同一水平面内。
请参考图 6, 图 6为本发明所提供转向架的两个连杆的第二实施例 的结构示意图。
在另一种具体实施方式中, 如图 6所示, 上述第一连杆 71、 第二连 杆 72二者中的一者中部设有向上凸起的第一弯折部 713 ,二者中的另一 者中部设有向下凸起、 与第一弯折部 713配合的第二弯折部 723 , 第一 连杆 71、 第二连杆 72在第一弯折部 713、 第二弯折部 723处交叉。
采用这种结构, 第一弯折部 713、 第二弯折部 723通过相反方向的 凸起为两个连杆的中部提供了较大的空间 ,使得第一连杆 71和第二连杆 72能够相互分离地交叉, 且处于同一个平面内。 并且, 这种结构的第一 连杆 71、 第二连杆 72互补匹配, 保持对称的结构, 使得二者在转向架 运行过程中受力均衡,进一步保证了两个连杆与侧架 1连接的结构强度。
请参考图 7, 图 7为本发明所提供转向架的两个连杆的第三实施例 的结构示意图。
在另一种具体实施方式中, 如图 7所示, 上述第一连杆 71、 第二连 杆 72二者中的一者中部设有向上凸起的第一弯折部 713或向下凸起的第 二弯折部 723 ,第一连杆 71、第二连杆 72二者中的另一者整体水平设置, 第一连杆 71、第二连杆 72在第一弯折部 713或第二弯折部 723处交叉。
采用这种结构, 通过一个连杆设置弯折部的方式为另一个连杆提供 交叉空间, 同样能够实现两个连杆处于水平面的目的。 这种结构只需要 对一个连杆进一步加工就能实现二者同一平面的目的, 具有结构筒单、 加工制造方便的特点。
可以想到, 上述第一连杆 71和第二连杆 72的结构形式并不仅限于 上述三种实施方式, 还可以采用其他结构。
另外, 上述第一连杆 71和第二连杆 72可以均为一体成型结构。 例 如, 图 6和图 7所示的连杆上的弯折部与连杆本体均为一体成型结构, 这样, 相比较弯折部焊接、 铆接于连杆本体的结构来说, 能够进一步提 高结构强度, 更进一步保证转向架的工作稳定性。 当然, 上述第一连杆 71和第二连杆 72也可以采用分体组合式结构, 例如, 图 5所示的结构 中, 上盖板、 下盖板分别焊接于两个连杆主体的上方、 下方, 从而上盖 板、 下盖板、 两个连杆主体围成供另一连杆穿过的通孔 714。 用户可以 根据需要自行选择。
还可以进一步设置上述转向架的其他结构。
请参考图 8, 图 8为本发明所提供转向架的弹性定位装置 3的第一 实施例的立体图。
在另一种具体实施方式中, 结合图 3和图 8所示, 上述转向架还包 括设置于轮对 2外侧、 侧架 1下方的承载鞍 12, 承载鞍 12与侧架 1之 间设有鞍形弹性定位装置 3 , 鞍形弹性定位装置 3包括上村板 32、 下村 板 33和设于上村板 32、 下村板 33之间的弹性体垫 31。 上村板 32、 下 村板 33分别设有向上凸起的第一挡块 321、 向下凸起的第二挡块 331 , 侧架 1、承载鞍 12朝向弹性定位装置 3的对应位置处分别设有第一卡槽、 第二卡槽, 第一挡块 321、 第二挡块 331分别插装于第一卡槽、 第二卡 槽中形成扣合固定。第一挡块 321与上村板 32为一体成型结构,第二挡 块 331与下村板 33为一体成型结构。
采用这种结构, 通过挡块和卡槽的配合设置, 能够保证转向架运行 过程中侧架 1、 弹性定位装置 3和承载鞍 12三者的定位准确性, 避免三 者产生横向位移和纵向位移,增强转向架的工作稳定性和可靠性。并且, 由于第一挡块 321与上村板 32—体成型、 第二挡块 331与下村板 33— 体成型,相比较现有技术中焊接定位销 34的结构,更进一步增强了弹性 定位装置 3的结构强度和可靠性。
进一步的方案中, 如图 8所示, 上述第一挡块 321、 第二挡块 331 的横截面可以均为三角形, 且第一挡块 321的厚度、 第二挡块 331的厚 度从根端到末端的方向逐渐减小。 这样, 使得第一挡块 321、 第二挡块 331 的根部相对端部来说能够承受更大的载荷, 进一步避免了第一挡块 321、 第二挡块 331的由于受剪切力过大从上村板 32、 下村板 33脱落的 现象, 进一步保证挡块的工作稳定性。 当然, 上述两个挡块并不仅限上 述形状, 还可以采用其他形状。
更进一步的方案中, 上述第一挡块 321、 第二挡块 331的数目均为 两个, 两个第一挡块 321分别设于上村板 32中间部分的横向两端、两个 第二挡块 331分别设于下村板 33中间部分的横向两端,从而保证弹性定 位装置 3在工作过程中受力均匀。 当然, 还可以采用其他数目的挡块。
还可以进一步设置上述转向架的其他结构。
请参考图 9, 图 9为本发明所提供转向架的支撑座与连杆连接处的 结构示意图。
在另一种具体实施方式中, 如图 9所示, 上述侧架 1的两侧均设于 关于摇枕 5的中心线对称的支撑座 13 ,支撑座 13上固定有轴杆 137,各 个连杆的端部均设有安装孔, 各连杆通过安装孔套装于轴杆 137外部, 且轴杆 137顶端套装有压盖 138和垫圏 139, 再与螺母 134螺纹连接。 进一步地, 轴杆 137与连杆之间还可以夹设有橡胶锥套 131。 采用这种 结构, 能够筒单、 方便地实现支撑座 13和连杆的弹性连接。 当然, 上述 支撑座 13与连杆也可以通过其他方式连接。
请参考图 10, 图 10为本发明所提供货车的一种具体实施方式的结 构示意图。
在上述转向架的基础上, 如图 10所示, 本发明还提供一种货车, 包 括车体 200和连接于车体 200下方的转向架 100, 转向架 100采用如上 所述的转向架。
由于上述转向架具有上述技术效果, 因此, 包括上述转向架的货车 也应当具有相同的技术效果, 在此不再赘述。
以上对本发明所提供的一种转向架及应用该转向架的货车进行了详
以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想。 应当 指出, 对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说, 在不脱离本发明原理的前 提下, 还可以对本发明进行若干改进和修饰, 并且本发明的保护范围以 后附的权利要求为准。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、一种转向架, 包括两个轮对,设于所述轮对横向外侧的两个侧架, 连接于两个所述侧架之间的摇枕; 其特征在于, 所述转向架还包括交叉 穿过所述摇枕腹部预留孔的第一连杆和第二连杆, 所述第一连杆的第一 端部和所述第二连杆的第一端部与一个侧架弹性连接, 所述第一连杆的 第二端部和所述第二连杆的第二端部与另一侧架弹性连接, 所述第一连 杆和第二连杆处于同一水平面内。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的转向架, 其特征在于, 所述第一连杆、 所 述第二连杆二者中的一者中部设有通孔,二者中的另一者穿过所述通孔。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的转向架, 其特征在于, 所述第一连杆、 所 述第二连杆二者中的一者中部设有向上凸起的第一弯折部, 二者中的另 一者中部设有向下凸起、 与所述第一弯折部配合的第二弯折部, 所述第 一连杆、 所述第二连杆在所述第一弯折部、 所述第二弯折部处交叉。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的转向架, 其特征在于, 所述第一连杆、 所 述第二连杆二者中的一者中部设有向上凸起的第一弯折部或向下凸起的 第二弯折部, 二者中的另一者整体水平设置, 所述第一连杆、 所述第二 连杆在所述第一弯折部或所述第二弯折部处交叉。
5、 根据权利要求 1-4任一项所述的转向架, 其特征在于, 所述第一 连杆和所述第二连杆均为一体成型结构。
6、 根据权利要求 1-4任一项所述的转向架, 其特征在于, 所述转向 架还包括设置于所述轮对外侧、 所述侧架下方的承载鞍, 所述承载鞍与 所述侧架之间设有鞍形弹性定位装置, 所述弹性定位装置包括上村板、 下村板和设于所述上村板、 下村板之间的弹性体垫;
所述上村板、 所述下村板分别设有向上凸起的第一挡块、 向下凸起 的第二挡块, 所述侧架、 所述承载鞍朝向弹性定位装置的对应位置处分 别设有第一卡槽、 第二卡槽, 所述第一挡块、 第二挡块分别插装于所述 第一卡槽、 第二卡槽中形成扣合固定;
所述第一挡块与所述上村板为一体成型结构, 所述第二挡块与所述 下村板为一体成型结构。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的转向架, 其特征在于, 所述第一挡块、 所 述第二挡块的横截面均为三角形, 且所述第一挡块的厚度、 所述第二挡 块的厚度沿根端到末端的方向逐渐减小。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的转向架, 其特征在于, 所述第一挡块、 所 述第二挡块的数目均为两个, 两个所述第一挡块分别设于所述上村板中 间部分的横向两端、 两个所述第二挡块分别设于所述下村板中间部分的 横向两端。
9、 根据权利要求 1-4任一项所述的转向架, 其特征在于, 所述侧架 的两侧均设于关于所述摇枕的中心线对称的支撑座, 所述支撑座上固定 有轴杆, 各个连杆的端部均设有安装孔, 各连杆通过所述安装孔套装于 所述轴杆外部, 且所述轴杆顶端螺纹连接有螺母。
10、 一种货车, 包括车体和连接于所述车体下方的转向架; 其特征 在于, 所述转向架采用如权利要求 1-9任一项所述的转向架。
PCT/CN2012/087780 2012-10-22 2012-12-28 一种转向架及应用该转向架的货车 WO2014063426A1 (zh)

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