WO2014061125A1 - 昇降装置 - Google Patents
昇降装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014061125A1 WO2014061125A1 PCT/JP2012/076915 JP2012076915W WO2014061125A1 WO 2014061125 A1 WO2014061125 A1 WO 2014061125A1 JP 2012076915 W JP2012076915 W JP 2012076915W WO 2014061125 A1 WO2014061125 A1 WO 2014061125A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- oil passage
- hydraulic
- oil
- valve
- switching valve
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
- B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
- B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
- B66F9/075—Constructional features or details
- B66F9/20—Means for actuating or controlling masts, platforms, or forks
- B66F9/22—Hydraulic devices or systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
- F15B11/02—Systems essentially incorporating special features for controlling the speed or actuating force of an output member
- F15B11/04—Systems essentially incorporating special features for controlling the speed or actuating force of an output member for controlling the speed
- F15B11/0413—Systems essentially incorporating special features for controlling the speed or actuating force of an output member for controlling the speed in one direction only, with no control in the reverse direction, e.g. check valve in parallel with a throttle valve
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/20—Fluid pressure source, e.g. accumulator or variable axial piston pump
- F15B2211/205—Systems with pumps
- F15B2211/2053—Type of pump
- F15B2211/20569—Type of pump capable of working as pump and motor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/30—Directional control
- F15B2211/305—Directional control characterised by the type of valves
- F15B2211/30505—Non-return valves, i.e. check valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/30—Directional control
- F15B2211/305—Directional control characterised by the type of valves
- F15B2211/30505—Non-return valves, i.e. check valves
- F15B2211/30515—Load holding valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/30—Directional control
- F15B2211/305—Directional control characterised by the type of valves
- F15B2211/3056—Assemblies of multiple valves
- F15B2211/30565—Assemblies of multiple valves having multiple valves for a single output member, e.g. for creating higher valve function by use of multiple valves like two 2/2-valves replacing a 5/3-valve
- F15B2211/3057—Assemblies of multiple valves having multiple valves for a single output member, e.g. for creating higher valve function by use of multiple valves like two 2/2-valves replacing a 5/3-valve having two valves, one for each port of a double-acting output member
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/30—Directional control
- F15B2211/35—Directional control combined with flow control
- F15B2211/353—Flow control by regulating means in return line, i.e. meter-out control
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/30—Directional control
- F15B2211/355—Pilot pressure control
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/40—Flow control
- F15B2211/46—Control of flow in the return line, i.e. meter-out control
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/40—Flow control
- F15B2211/47—Flow control in one direction only
- F15B2211/473—Flow control in one direction only without restriction in the reverse direction
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/70—Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor
- F15B2211/705—Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor characterised by the type of output members or actuators
- F15B2211/7051—Linear output members
- F15B2211/7052—Single-acting output members
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/80—Other types of control related to particular problems or conditions
- F15B2211/86—Control during or prevention of abnormal conditions
- F15B2211/8606—Control during or prevention of abnormal conditions the abnormal condition being a shock
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an elevating apparatus that includes an elevating hydraulic cylinder and moves an elevating object up and down by hydraulic drive of the hydraulic cylinder.
- a lifting device for a forklift described in Patent Document 1 is known as a lifting device that lifts and lowers an object by hydraulic drive of a hydraulic cylinder.
- a lifting device for a forklift moves a fork (loading implement) as a lifting object up and down by supplying and discharging hydraulic oil to and from a hydraulic cylinder.
- a switching valve for controlling the flow of hydraulic oil is provided in a hydraulic pipe between a hydraulic cylinder and a hydraulic pump, and the fork lifting and lowering operation is controlled by opening and closing the switching valve. Done.
- the lifting device of Patent Document 1 determines the rotation speed and time for rotating the hydraulic pump in the upward movement direction at the start of the current downward movement from the elapsed time from the end of the previous downward movement and the cylinder pressure. ing. For this reason, in the raising / lowering apparatus of patent document 1, when the read cylinder pressure is a value at the time of pulsation, etc., it will raise pressure more than necessary, or the pressure
- An object of the present invention is to provide an elevating device that can be operated quickly while reducing a shock that may occur when the elevating object is lowered.
- the lifting device moves the lifting object up and down by supplying and discharging hydraulic oil to and from the hydraulic cylinder.
- the lifting device includes a hydraulic pump that supplies hydraulic oil to the hydraulic cylinder, a first oil passage that connects the hydraulic cylinder and the hydraulic pump, and a second oil passage that connects the hydraulic cylinder and the hydraulic pump. And an opening / closing part that opens and closes the first oil passage and the second oil passage.
- the maximum oil passage area of the first oil passage is smaller than the maximum oil passage area of the second oil passage.
- the first oil passage has a first part between the hydraulic cylinder and the opening / closing part, and a second part between the opening / closing part and the hydraulic pump.
- the opening / closing portion allows the hydraulic oil to flow through the first oil passage during the lowering operation of the elevator, and after the conduction of the first oil passage, between the first portion and the second portion.
- the hydraulic oil is allowed to flow through the second oil passage when the first pressure difference becomes equal to or less than a predetermined pressure difference.
- the first oil passage having a small maximum oil passage area is made conductive. Since the first oil passage has a small maximum oil passage area, the flow rate of the working oil flowing through the oil passage is limited, and the working oil does not flow out rapidly. Further, by making the first oil passage conductive, the pressure difference between the hydraulic cylinder and the hydraulic pump (the first pressure difference between the first part and the second part) is eliminated. When the second oil passage having a large maximum oil passage area is made conductive after the first oil passage is conducted, the pressure difference between the hydraulic cylinder and the hydraulic pump has already been eliminated. Even if it flows rapidly, it is difficult for shocks to occur. Therefore, it is possible to reduce a shock that may occur when the lifting object is lowered. In addition, since the hydraulic pump is not controlled so as to perform the upward operation at the start of the downward operation, the time lag between when the downward operation is instructed and when the actual downward operation is performed can be minimized. As a result, the elevator can be operated quickly.
- the opening / closing portion is disposed on the first oil passage, and is disposed on the first oil passage, the first direction control valve for switching the inflow direction of the hydraulic oil in the first oil passage, and the second oil passage.
- a second directional control valve that switches an inflow direction of the hydraulic oil in the second oil passage.
- the maximum oil passage area of the first oil passage is determined by the maximum opening of the first directional control valve, while the maximum oil passage area of the second oil passage is the maximum of the second directional control valve. It is determined by the opening.
- the maximum opening of the first directional control valve is smaller than the maximum opening of the second directional control valve.
- the opening / closing unit includes the first directional control valve in which the maximum opening is set small and the second directional control valve in which the maximum opening is set larger than the maximum opening of the first directional control valve.
- the second directional control valve is opened after the first directional control valve is opened. For this reason, it is possible to reduce a shock that may occur when the lifting / lowering object is moved down with a simple configuration, and it is possible to quickly operate the lifting / lowering object.
- the hydraulic oil flows through the first and second oil passages from the hydraulic cylinder toward the hydraulic pump.
- the hydraulic oil functions as a driving force for driving the hydraulic pump as a hydraulic motor, and causes the hydraulic motor to perform a regenerative operation.
- the maximum opening of the second directional control valve is set to a range of 20 to 50 times the maximum opening of the first directional control valve.
- the first directional control valve can be set without a proportional control of the valve opening by setting a large difference in maximum opening between the first directional control valve and the second directional control valve.
- the lifting device further includes a measuring unit that measures an elapsed time after the first directional control valve is opened.
- the opening / closing part opens the second directional control valve when the elapsed time reaches a predetermined time.
- the valve opening timing of the second directional control valve is managed based on time, so that the control can be simplified.
- the elevating device further includes a third oil passage through which hydraulic oil that has passed through the second directional control valve flows, and a switching valve disposed in the third oil passage.
- the first directional control valve is an electromagnetic switching valve
- the second directional control valve has a valve body provided inside the second directional control valve and a throttle oil passage formed in the valve body.
- a pilot check valve The opening / closing part is configured to open the switching valve.
- the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder is discharged to the third oil passage through the throttle oil passage, thereby causing a second pressure difference between the inflow side and the outflow side of the throttle oil passage. Occurs.
- the valve body operates in a direction to open the second oil passage according to the second pressure difference.
- the electromagnetic switching valve in the third oil passage serves as a means for applying a pilot pressure to the pilot check valve. Therefore, an electromagnetic switching valve having a large maximum opening is employed instead of the pilot check valve. Compared with the case, it can suppress that an apparatus enlarges and a cost increases.
- the circuit diagram of the raising / lowering apparatus of 1st Embodiment The schematic diagram which showed the internal structure of the pilot check valve typically.
- the flowchart which shows an operation
- the fork F as a cargo handling device (lifted object) arranged in front of the forklift moves up and down by operating the lift lever L provided in the driver's seat and extending and retracting the lift cylinder 10 as a hydraulic cylinder.
- a hydraulic pump motor 11 that functions as a hydraulic pump and a hydraulic motor is connected to the main pipe K having a closed circuit configuration, and a hydraulic oil supply / discharge path to the lift cylinder 10 is formed in the main pipe K.
- a pipe K1 serving as a first oil passage connected to the bottom chamber 10a of the lift cylinder 10 is connected.
- the pipe K ⁇ b> 1 connects the lift cylinder 10 and the hydraulic pump motor 11.
- the hydraulic pump motor 11 is configured to be bi-directionally rotatable.
- the main pipe K is connected to the flow ports 11 a and 11 b of the hydraulic pump motor 11.
- the flow ports 11a and 11b of the hydraulic pump motor 11 become suction ports or discharge ports depending on the flow direction of the hydraulic oil.
- a lift motor (rotating electrical machine) 12 that functions as an electric motor and a generator is connected to the hydraulic pump motor 11.
- the lift motor 12 functions as an electric motor by rotating the rotor by energizing a stator coil (not shown), and functions as a generator by generating electric power in the stator coil by rotating the rotor.
- the lift motor 12 is an electric motor when the hydraulic pump motor 11 is operated as a hydraulic pump, and is a generator when the hydraulic pump motor 11 is operated as a hydraulic motor.
- the main pipe K is connected to a supply pipe K2 for circulating hydraulic oil pumped up from the oil tank 13 by the operation of the hydraulic pump motor 11 when the lift cylinder 10 is moved up.
- a check valve (check valve) 14 for preventing a back flow from the main pipe K to the oil tank 13 is provided.
- the main pipe K is connected to a discharge pipe K3 for circulating hydraulic oil returned to the oil tank 13 by the operation of the hydraulic pump motor 11 when the lift cylinder 10 is lowered.
- a check valve (check valve) 15 for preventing a back flow from the oil tank 13 to the main pipe K is provided.
- a filter 16 is disposed between the oil tank 13 and the check valve 15 in the discharge pipe K3.
- the main pipe K has a check valve (a check valve) for preventing a backflow from the main pipe K connected to the flow port 11a of the hydraulic pump motor 11 to the main pipe K connected to the flow port 11b of the hydraulic pump motor 11.
- Valve 17 is provided.
- the check valve 17 is disposed on an oil path between a flow port 11a that can be a discharge port of the hydraulic pump motor 11 and an oil tank 13 that stores hydraulic oil.
- the check valve 17 allows the hydraulic oil to flow from the oil passage closer to the oil tank 13 than the check valve 17 to the main pipe K closer to the flow port 11 b of the hydraulic pump motor 11 than the check valve 17.
- the main pipe K is provided with a relief valve 18 for preventing a pressure increase.
- the piping K1 connected to the bottom chamber 10a of the lift cylinder 10 is provided with an electromagnetic switching valve 19 as a first direction control valve that switches the inflow direction of the hydraulic oil in the first oil passage.
- the electromagnetic switching valve 19 can take two positions, a first position 19a and a second position 19b.
- the electromagnetic switching valve 19 of the present embodiment is in the first position 19a when the solenoid is in a non-excited state, and permits the hydraulic oil to flow from the hydraulic pump motor 11 to the lift cylinder 10 at the first position 19a.
- the switching position becomes the second position 19b when the solenoid is energized, and the hydraulic oil is bidirectionally operated between the hydraulic pump motor 11 and the lift cylinder 10 at the second position 19b. Allow distribution.
- the electromagnetic switching valve 19 of the present embodiment is an ON-OFF valve that adjusts the opening degree by excitation (ON) and non-excitation (OFF) of a solenoid, unlike an electromagnetic proportional valve that can adjust the opening degree steplessly.
- the electromagnetic switching valve 19 constitutes an opening / closing part that opens and closes the pipe K1 as the first oil passage.
- the second oil passage is connected to the bottom chamber 10 a of the lift cylinder 10 as well as serving as a hydraulic oil supply / discharge route to the lift cylinder 10.
- the piping K4 is provided.
- the pipe K4 connects the lift cylinder 10 and the hydraulic pump motor 11.
- the pipe K4 is provided with a pilot check valve 20 as a second direction control valve for switching the inflow direction of the hydraulic oil in the second oil passage.
- the pilot check valve 20 of the present embodiment has a structure in which the valve body 20a inside the main body has a throttle oil passage 20b.
- the throttle oil passage 20b communicates the pipe K4 between the pilot check valve 20 and the bottom chamber 10a of the lift cylinder 10 and the spring chamber 20c inside the main body. Further, the throttle oil passage 20b is formed so as to penetrate the large-diameter oil passage 20d that opens into the spring chamber 20c and the large-diameter oil passage 20d from the peripheral surface of the valve body 20a, as compared with the large-diameter oil passage 20d. And a small-diameter oil passage 20e.
- the pilot check valve 20 is discharged from the flow port 11a serving as a discharge port by the operation of the hydraulic pump motor 11, and the valve body 20a receives the pressure of the hydraulic oil flowing through the main pipe K to operate.
- the valve is in an open state in which the hydraulic oil flows through the flow path closer to the lift cylinder 10 than the pilot check valve 20.
- the pilot check valve 20 in the opened state is operated by the valve body 20a receiving the urging force of the spring in the spring chamber 20c, thereby closing the valve. State.
- the pilot check valve 20 receives the pressure difference and the valve body 20a operates. By doing so, the valve is opened. In this open state, the pilot check valve 20 causes the hydraulic oil discharged from the bottom chamber 10a of the lift cylinder 10 to flow through the oil passage closer to the main pipe K (hydraulic pump motor 11) than the pilot check valve 20. That is, the pilot check valve 20 is opened with the pressure difference as the pressure for operating the valve body 20a (pilot pressure).
- the pilot check valve 20 constitutes an opening / closing part that opens and closes the pipe K4 as the second oil passage.
- a pipe K5 as a third oil passage is connected to the spring chamber 20c of the pilot check valve 20, and an electromagnetic switching valve 22 as a switching valve is disposed in the pipe K5 via a filter 21.
- the pipe K5 is connected to the main pipe K connected to the flow port 11a of the hydraulic pump motor 11, and also functions as a return oil path. That is, the hydraulic fluid that has circulated from the pilot check valve 20 to the pipe K5 passes through the electromagnetic switching valve 22 and is returned to the circulation port 11a of the hydraulic pump motor 11 through the main pipe K.
- the electromagnetic switching valve 22 can take two positions, a first position 22a and a second position 22b.
- the electromagnetic switching valve 22 of the present embodiment is in the first position 22a when the solenoid is in a non-excited state, and permits the hydraulic oil to flow from the pipe K5 to the main pipe K at the first position 22a.
- the electromagnetic switching valve 22 of the present embodiment is in the second position 22b when the solenoid is in an excited state, and allows hydraulic oil to flow in both directions between the pipe K5 and the main pipe K at the second position 22b.
- the electromagnetic switching valve 22 of the present embodiment is an ON-OFF valve that adjusts the opening degree by excitation (ON) and non-excitation (OFF) of the solenoid, unlike an electromagnetic proportional valve that can adjust the opening degree steplessly. .
- the maximum opening degrees of the electromagnetic switching valve 19, the pilot check valve 20, and the electromagnetic switching valve 22 are set as described below.
- the maximum opening degree of the electromagnetic switching valve 19 and the electromagnetic switching valve 22 described here is the opening degree at each of the second positions 19b and 22b.
- the maximum opening of the pilot check valve 20 is the opening when the valve body 20a is opened.
- the maximum opening of the pilot check valve 20 is set to be larger than the maximum opening of both the electromagnetic switching valves 19 and 22. In other words, the maximum opening degree of both electromagnetic switching valves 19 and 22 is set smaller than the maximum opening degree of the pilot check valve 20.
- the ratio between the maximum opening of the electromagnetic switching valve 19 and the maximum opening of the pilot check valve 20 is set in the range of 1:20 to 1:50. That is, the maximum opening of the pilot check valve 20 is set in a range of 20 to 50 times the maximum opening of the electromagnetic switching valve 19. Further, the opening degree of the electromagnetic switching valve 19 is set so that a value indicating the shock is lower than a predetermined target value when a shock occurs during the lowering operation.
- the maximum opening of the electromagnetic switching valve 22 is set to the same opening as the maximum opening of the electromagnetic switching valve 19 or a larger opening.
- the maximum opening of the electromagnetic switching valve 19 corresponds to the maximum oil passage area of the first oil passage
- the maximum opening of the pilot check valve 20 is the maximum oil passage area of the second oil passage. It corresponds to.
- the pipe K1 as the first oil path in which the electromagnetic switching valve 19 is disposed is the maximum oil path smaller than the maximum oil path area of the pipe K4 as the second oil path in which the pilot check valve 20 is disposed. Will have an area.
- a potentiometer Lm that detects the operation amount of the lift lever L is electrically connected to the control unit S.
- the control part S controls the rotation speed of the motor 12 for a lift based on the detection signal from the potentiometer Lm based on the operation amount of the lift lever L.
- the control part S controls the opening degree of each electromagnetic switching valve 19 and 22 at the time of raising / lowering operation.
- an inverter S1 is electrically connected to the control unit S.
- the lift motor 12 is supplied with power from the battery BT mounted on the forklift via the inverter S1.
- the electric power generated by the lift motor 12 is accumulated in the battery BT via the inverter S1.
- the forklift according to the present embodiment is a battery-type forklift that travels by supplying electric power stored in the battery BT to a traveling motor serving as a prime mover.
- the control unit S functions as an opening / closing unit that opens and closes the first oil passage and the second oil passage by opening / closing control, and also functions as a measurement unit.
- the control unit S controls the rotational speeds of the hydraulic pump motor 11 and the lift motor 12 so that the lift operation is performed at an instruction speed according to the operation amount of the lift lever L.
- the control part S makes each electromagnetic switching valve 19 and 22 1st position 19a, 22a.
- the hydraulic oil in the oil tank 13 pumped up by the hydraulic pump motor 11 flows through the main pipe K and flows into the electromagnetic switching valve 19 and also flows into the bottom chamber 10a.
- the inflow direction of the hydraulic oil is a direction in which it flows from the oil tank 13 to the electromagnetic switching valve 19 and from the electromagnetic switching valve 19 to the bottom chamber 10 a of the lift cylinder 10.
- the hydraulic oil in the oil tank 13 pumped up by the hydraulic pump motor 11 flows into the pilot check valve 20 through the main pipe K, and flows into the bottom chamber 10a by opening the pilot check valve 20.
- the inflow direction of the hydraulic oil is a direction in which the oil flows from the oil tank 13 to the pilot check valve 20 and flows from the pilot check valve 20 to the bottom chamber 10 a of the lift cylinder 10.
- the fork F is raised by the extension of the lift cylinder 10.
- the hydraulic pump motor 11 during the ascending operation operates as a hydraulic pump.
- the control unit S first opens the electromagnetic switching valve 19 in a state where the hydraulic pump motor 11 and the lift motor 12 are stopped (a state where the pump rotational speed is zero) (step S10). . Specifically, the control unit S excites the solenoid of the electromagnetic switching valve 19 and sets the switching position to the second position 19b. Thereby, the hydraulic oil in the lift cylinder 10 flows into the hydraulic pump motor 11 through the pipe K1 and is returned.
- the control unit S opens the electromagnetic switching valve 19 so that the flow direction of the hydraulic oil in step S10 is a direction that allows the hydraulic oil to flow from the lift cylinder 10 to the hydraulic pump motor 11.
- the electromagnetic switching valve 19 of this embodiment has set the maximum opening degree to a sufficiently small opening degree, the flow volume of the hydraulic fluid returned to the hydraulic pump motor 11 through the pipe K1 is limited. That is, a small amount of hydraulic fluid flows.
- the electromagnetic switching valve 19 with respect to the electromagnetic switching valve 19 (pilot check valve 20), the oil passage on the lift cylinder 10 side and the electromagnetic side of the electromagnetic switching valve 19 (pilot check valve 20) are electromagnetic.
- the pressure difference between the switching valve 19 (pilot check valve 20) and the oil passage on the hydraulic pump motor 11 side is gradually eliminated, and becomes equal to or less than a predetermined pressure difference. That is, a first part between the electromagnetic switching valve 19 (pilot check valve 20) and the lift cylinder 10 and a second part between the electromagnetic switching valve 19 (pilot check valve 20) and the hydraulic pump motor 11 are provided.
- the first pressure difference (second pressure difference) between the first portion and the second portion is gradually eliminated, and becomes equal to or less than a predetermined pressure difference.
- the maximum opening degree of the electromagnetic switching valve 19 is set small, the hydraulic oil does not flow suddenly when the electromagnetic switching valve 19 is opened, and the operator is less likely to feel a shock.
- the control unit S starts the timer for measuring the elapsed time at the same time as opening the electromagnetic switching valve 19 (step S20). Then, the control unit S determines whether or not the timer started in step S20 has reached a predetermined time X (step S30).
- the time X is set to a sufficiently short time so as not to feel a time lag from when the operator instructs the lowering operation until the actual lowering operation starts. In the present embodiment, the time X is set to a constant value determined in the range of “0.1 to 0.5 seconds”.
- the pressure difference between the oil path on the lift cylinder 10 side of the electromagnetic switching valve 19 and the pilot check valve 20 and the oil path on the hydraulic pump motor 11 side of the electromagnetic switching valve 19 and the pilot check valve 20 is It is set to a time during which the pressure difference is less than or equal to the predetermined pressure difference.
- the pressure difference below the predetermined pressure difference may be a pressure difference that makes it difficult for the operator of the lifting device (forklift in this embodiment) to feel a shock.
- the control part S repeats the process of step S30, when the determination result of step S30 is negative.
- step S40 the control unit S opens the electromagnetic switching valve 22 (step S40). Specifically, the control unit S excites the solenoid of the electromagnetic switching valve 22 and sets the switching position to the second position 22b.
- the pilot check valve 20 is freely opened when operating oil is circulated from the main pipe K as in the ascending operation, but the flow is circulated when operating oil is circulated from the bottom chamber 10a as in the descending operation.
- the valve is shut off and opened by applying a predetermined pilot pressure.
- the hydraulic oil between the bottom chamber 10a and the pilot check valve 20 passes through the throttle oil passage 20b formed in the valve body 20a of the pilot check valve 20.
- the spring chamber 20c and the electromagnetic switching valve 22 flow in this order, and are returned to the main pipe K (hydraulic pump motor 11) through the pipe K5.
- the pilot check valve 20 has an oil path and a throttle oil on the lift cylinder 10 side rather than the throttle oil path 20b on the inflow side of the throttle oil path 20b due to pressure loss caused by the hydraulic oil passing through the throttle oil path 20b.
- a pressure difference is generated between the oil passage on the spring chamber 20c side than the throttle oil passage 20b on the outflow side of the passage 20b.
- the pressure in the oil passage on the spring chamber 20c side is lower than the pressure in the oil passage on the lift cylinder 10 side.
- the valve body 20a is gradually opened by the pressure difference (second pressure difference) generated between the inflow side and the outflow side of the throttle oil passage 20b.
- the hydraulic oil discharged from the bottom chamber 10a of the lift cylinder 10 flows directly to the main pipe K through the pipe K4.
- the diameter (minimum diameter) of the small diameter oil passage 20e constituting the throttle oil passage 20b is too large with respect to the maximum opening of the electromagnetic switching valve 22, the pressure between the inflow side and the outflow side of the throttle oil passage 20b. A difference does not arise and the valve body 20a does not open.
- the diameter (minimum diameter) of the small diameter oil passage 20e is set to a diameter that can cause the pressure difference to open the valve body 20a, and is moderate in view of the opening degree of the electromagnetic switching valve 22. Set to diameter.
- control part S controls the rotation speed of the hydraulic pump motor 11 and the lift motor 12 so that it may operate with the instruction
- the pilot check valve 20 Since the electromagnetic switching valve 19 with a small maximum opening is opened to cancel the pressure difference at the stage of opening the pilot check valve 20 with a large maximum opening, the pilot check valve 20 The shock due to the hydraulic fluid flowing out at once by opening the valve is less likely to occur. That is, due to the pressure difference between the oil path on the lift cylinder 10 side from the electromagnetic switching valve 19 (pilot check valve 20) and the oil path on the hydraulic pump motor 11 side from the electromagnetic switching valve 19 (pilot check valve 20). The shock that can occur when hydraulic fluid flows is reduced.
- the hydraulic oil discharged from the bottom chamber 10 a of the lift cylinder 10 flows through the main pipe K and is sucked into the flow port 11 a of the hydraulic pump motor 11.
- the circulation port 11a functions as a suction port.
- the hydraulic pump motor 11 operates as a hydraulic motor using the hydraulic oil discharged from the bottom chamber 10a as a driving force.
- the lift motor 12 functions as a generator, and the electric power generated by the lift motor 12 is stored in the battery BT via the inverter S1. That is, when the fork F is lowered, a regenerative operation is performed.
- the hydraulic oil serving as the driving force of the hydraulic pump motor 11 is supplied from the lift cylinder 10 to the hydraulic pump motor through the respective oil passages, that is, the pipe K1 and the pipe K4 when the electromagnetic switching valve 19 and the pilot check valve 20 are opened.
- 11 is a hydraulic fluid that flows into the fuel tank 11.
- the electromagnetic switching valve 19 whose maximum opening is set small is opened, so that the oil passage between the lift cylinder 10 and the hydraulic pump motor 11 is opened and conducted. Since the maximum opening degree of the electromagnetic switching valve 19 is small, the flow rate of the working oil flowing through the oil passage is limited, and the working oil does not flow out suddenly. Moreover, the pressure difference between the lift cylinder 10 and the hydraulic pump motor 11 is eliminated by opening the electromagnetic switching valve 19. Then, after the oil passage between the lift cylinder 10 and the hydraulic pump motor 11 is conducted, when the pilot check valve 20 having a large maximum opening is opened when the predetermined condition is satisfied, the pressure difference is already eliminated. Therefore, even if the hydraulic oil flows suddenly, it is difficult for a shock to occur. Therefore, it is possible to reduce a shock that may occur when the lifting object is lowered.
- the solenoid switching valve 19 and the pilot check valve 20 can be opened without proportionally controlling the valve opening.
- the fork F can be operated quickly while reducing a shock that may occur when the elevator is lowered.
- the pressure can be adjusted by adjusting the opening of the electromagnetic proportional valve without providing the electromagnetic switching valve 19, pilot check valve 20, and electromagnetic switching valve 22. You can eliminate the difference. That is, it is possible to reduce a shock that may occur during the lowering operation.
- an electromagnetic proportional valve is employed, the cost of the valve itself is high, and a current amplifier for driving the proportional valve is also required, which increases the cost as a whole. Further, the hydraulic control mechanism itself is increased in size. Therefore, according to this embodiment that does not use an electromagnetic proportional valve, an increase in cost can be suppressed.
- the regenerative efficiency is better when the ON-OFF valve (electromagnetic switching valve 19) is employed than when the electromagnetic proportional valve is employed. Therefore, according to the configuration of the present embodiment, it is possible to improve the efficiency of the regenerative operation while solving problems such as shock reduction.
- Time management of the opening timing of the pilot check valve 20 is performed. This eliminates the need for various sensors necessary for managing the valve opening timing by pressure, flow rate, etc., and simplifies the configuration and control.
- the opening of the pilot check valve 20 is controlled using the electromagnetic switching valve 22. That is, the electromagnetic switching valve 22 serves as a means for applying a pilot pressure to the pilot check valve 20. Therefore, as compared with the case where an electromagnetic switching valve having a large maximum opening is employed instead of the pilot check valve 20, It can suppress that an apparatus enlarges and a cost increases. Further, since it is not necessary to set the maximum opening of the electromagnetic switching valve 22 large, it is possible to reduce the power consumption required for the valve opening control.
- the hydraulic control mechanism of the present embodiment is provided separately from the pipe K1 and includes a pipe K4 as a second oil path that forms a supply and discharge path of hydraulic oil to and from the lift cylinder 10.
- the pipe K4 is provided with an electromagnetic switching valve 23 as a second direction control valve for switching the inflow direction of the hydraulic oil in the second oil passage.
- the electromagnetic switching valve 23 of the embodiment is in the first position 23a when the solenoid is in a non-excited state, and permits the hydraulic oil to flow from the hydraulic pump motor 11 to the lift cylinder 10 at the first position 23a.
- the electromagnetic switching valve 23 of the present embodiment is in the second position 23b when the solenoid is energized, and in the second position 23b, the hydraulic oil is circulated bidirectionally between the hydraulic pump motor 11 and the lift cylinder 10. Allow.
- the electromagnetic switching valve 23 of the present embodiment is an ON-OFF valve that adjusts the opening degree by excitation (ON) and non-excitation (OFF) of the solenoid, unlike an electromagnetic proportional valve that can adjust the opening steplessly.
- the electromagnetic switching valve 23 constitutes an opening / closing part that opens and closes the pipe K4 as the second oil passage.
- the maximum opening degrees of the electromagnetic switching valve 19 and the electromagnetic switching valve 23 are set as described below.
- the maximum opening of the electromagnetic switching valve 23 is the opening at the second position 23b.
- the maximum opening degree of the electromagnetic switching valve 23 is set larger than the maximum opening degree of the electromagnetic switching valve 19.
- the maximum opening of the electromagnetic switching valve 19 is set smaller than the maximum opening of the electromagnetic switching valve 23.
- the ratio between the maximum opening of the electromagnetic switching valve 19 and the maximum opening of the electromagnetic switching valve 23 is set in the range of 1:20 to 1:50. That is, the maximum opening of the electromagnetic switching valve 23 is set in a range of 20 to 50 times the maximum opening of the electromagnetic switching valve 19.
- the maximum opening of the electromagnetic switching valve 19 corresponds to the maximum oil passage area of the first oil passage
- the maximum opening of the electromagnetic switching valve 23 is the maximum oil passage area of the second oil passage. It corresponds to.
- the operation of the hydraulic control mechanism of the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the electromagnetic switching valve 23 is controlled, and the same control content is applied to the control of the electromagnetic switching valve 19 and the like.
- the control unit S functions as an opening / closing unit that opens and closes the first oil passage and the second oil passage.
- the control unit S controls the rotational speeds of the hydraulic pump motor 11 and the lift motor 12 so as to raise the fork F at an instruction speed corresponding to the operation amount of the lift lever L, and controls the electromagnetic switching valves 19 and 23.
- the first positions 19a and 23a are set.
- the hydraulic oil in the oil tank 13 pumped up by the hydraulic pump motor 11 flows through the main pipe K and flows into the electromagnetic switching valves 19 and 23 and also flows into the bottom chamber 10a.
- the inflow direction of the hydraulic oil is a direction that flows from the oil tank 13 to the electromagnetic switching valves 19 and 23 and flows from the electromagnetic switching valves 19 and 23 to the bottom chamber 10 a of the lift cylinder 10.
- the control unit S first opens the electromagnetic switching valve 19 in a state where the hydraulic pump motor 11 and the lift motor 12 are stopped (a state where the pump rotational speed is zero) (step S10 in FIG. 3). Moreover, the control part S starts the timer for measuring elapsed time simultaneously with opening the electromagnetic switching valve 19 (step S20 of FIG. 3).
- control part S opens the electromagnetic switching valve 23, when a timer reaches
- the control unit S excites the solenoid of the electromagnetic switching valve 23 and sets the switching position to the second position 23b.
- the hydraulic oil in the lift cylinder 10 flows into the hydraulic pump motor 11 through the pipe K4 and is returned. That is, the control unit S opens the electromagnetic switching valve 23 so that the inflow direction of the working oil is a direction that allows the inflow of the working oil from the lift cylinder 10 to the hydraulic pump motor 11.
- the control unit S controls the rotation speeds of the hydraulic pump motor 11 and the lift motor 12 so as to operate at an instruction speed corresponding to the operation amount of the lift lever L at the timing when the electromagnetic switching valve 23 opens.
- the electromagnetic switching valve 19 having a small maximum opening is opened to eliminate the pressure difference. Therefore, the shock due to the hydraulic oil flowing out at once by opening the electromagnetic switching valve 23 is less likely to occur. That is, the shock that may occur when hydraulic fluid flows due to the pressure difference between the oil passage on the lift cylinder 10 side of the electromagnetic switching valve 19 and the oil passage on the hydraulic pump motor 11 side of the electromagnetic switching valve 19 is reduced. To do.
- the hydraulic oil discharged from the bottom chamber 10a of the lift cylinder 10 flows through the main pipe K and is sucked into the flow port 11a of the hydraulic pump motor 11, whereby the hydraulic pump motor 11 operates as a hydraulic motor.
- the hydraulic oil serving as the driving force of the hydraulic pump motor 11 is supplied from the lift cylinder 10 to the hydraulic pump motor through the respective oil passages, that is, the pipe K1 and the pipe K4 when the electromagnetic switching valve 19 and the electromagnetic switching valve 23 are opened.
- 11 is a hydraulic fluid that flows into the fuel tank 11.
- an electromagnetic switching valve 25 is disposed in a pipe K1 that connects the bottom chamber 10a of the lift cylinder 10 and the hydraulic pump motor 11.
- the electromagnetic switching valve 25 can take three positions: a first position 25a, a second position 25b, and a third position 25c.
- the electromagnetic switching valve 25 of the present embodiment is in the first position 25a when the first solenoid 25d and the second solenoid 25e are in a non-excited state, and the hydraulic oil from the hydraulic pump motor 11 to the lift cylinder 10 is in the first position 25a. Allow distribution.
- the electromagnetic switching valve 25 of the present embodiment is in the second position 25b when the first solenoid 25d is in an excited state, and in the second position 25b, the hydraulic oil is bidirectionally operated between the hydraulic pump motor 11 and the lift cylinder 10. Allow distribution.
- the electromagnetic switching valve 25 of the present embodiment is in the third position 25c when the second solenoid 25e is in an excited state, and the hydraulic oil is bidirectionally operated between the hydraulic pump motor 11 and the lift cylinder 10 at the third position 25c. Allow distribution.
- the electromagnetic switching valve 25 of the present embodiment is an ON-OFF valve that adjusts the opening degree by excitation (ON) and non-excitation (OFF) of the solenoid, unlike an electromagnetic proportional valve that can adjust the opening degree steplessly. .
- the maximum opening degree of the electromagnetic switching valve 25 of the present embodiment is different between the second position 25b and the third position 25c.
- the maximum opening degree of the third position 25c is set larger than the maximum opening degree of the second position 25b.
- the maximum opening degree of the second position 25b is set smaller than the maximum opening degree of the third position 25c.
- the ratio between the maximum opening at the second position 25b and the maximum opening at the third position 25c is set in the range of 1:20 to 1:50. That is, the maximum opening degree of the third position 25c is set in a range of 20 to 50 times the maximum opening degree of the second position 25b.
- the relationship between the maximum opening at the second position 25b and the maximum opening at the third position 25c is the same as the relationship between the maximum opening between the electromagnetic switching valve 19 and the electromagnetic switching valve 22 in the first embodiment. At the same time, the relationship between the maximum opening degree of the electromagnetic switching valve 19 and the electromagnetic switching valve 23 in the second embodiment is the same.
- the pipe K1 and the second position 25b of the electromagnetic switching valve 25 constitute a first oil passage that connects the lift cylinder 10 and the hydraulic pump motor 11, and the pipe K1 and the electromagnetic switch.
- a second oil path that connects the lift cylinder 10 and the hydraulic pump motor 11 is configured by the third position 25 c of the switching valve 25.
- the electromagnetic switching valve 25 comprises the opening / closing part which each opens and closes a 1st oil path and a 2nd oil path.
- the electromagnetic switching valve 25 becomes the first directional control valve at the second position 25b, and becomes the second directional control valve at the third position 25c. And the second directional control valve.
- control unit S functions as an opening / closing unit that opens and closes the first oil passage and the second oil passage.
- the control unit S controls the rotational speeds of the hydraulic pump motor 11 and the lift motor 12 so as to raise the fork F at an instruction speed corresponding to the operation amount of the lift lever L, and sets the electromagnetic switching valve 25 to the first position. 25a.
- the hydraulic oil in the oil tank 13 pumped up by the hydraulic pump motor 11 flows through the main pipe K and flows into the electromagnetic switching valve 25 and also flows into the bottom chamber 10a. That is, the inflow direction of the hydraulic oil is a direction that flows from the oil tank 13 to the electromagnetic switching valve 25 and flows from the electromagnetic switching valve 25 to the bottom chamber 10 a of the lift cylinder 10.
- the fork F is raised by the extension of the lift cylinder 10.
- the control unit S opens the electromagnetic switching valve 25 at the second position 25b in a state where the hydraulic pump motor 11 and the lift motor 12 are stopped (a state where the pump rotational speed is zero). Moreover, the control part S starts the timer for measuring elapsed time simultaneously with opening the electromagnetic switching valve 25 in the 2nd position 25b. When the timer reaches a predetermined time X, the controller S switches the electromagnetic switching valve 25 from the second position 25b to the third position 25c, and opens the electromagnetic switching valve 25 at the third position 25c.
- the hydraulic oil in the lift cylinder 10 flows into the hydraulic pump motor 11 through the pipe K1 and one of the electromagnetic switching valves 25 at the second position 25b and the third position 25c. Returned to That is, the control unit S moves the electromagnetic switching valve 25 to the second position 25b or the third position 25c so that the inflow direction of the operating oil is a direction that allows the inflow of operating oil from the lift cylinder 10 to the hydraulic pump motor 11. To open the valve. Further, the control unit S sets the rotation speeds of the hydraulic pump motor 11 and the lift motor 12 so as to operate at an instruction speed according to the operation amount of the lift lever L at the timing of opening the electromagnetic switching valve 25 at the third position 25c. Control.
- the electromagnetic switching valve 25 has the maximum opening. Since the pressure difference is eliminated by opening at the small second position 25b, a shock due to the hydraulic fluid flowing out at a stroke when the electromagnetic switching valve 25 is opened at the third position 25c is difficult to occur. That is, the shock that may occur when hydraulic fluid flows due to the pressure difference between the oil path on the lift cylinder 10 side of the electromagnetic switching valve 25 and the oil path on the hydraulic pump motor 11 side of the electromagnetic switching valve 25 is reduced. To do.
- the hydraulic oil that is the driving force of the hydraulic pump motor 11 is hydraulic oil that flows into the hydraulic pump motor 11 from the lift cylinder 10 through the piping K1 when the electromagnetic switching valve 25 is opened.
- An electromagnetic switching valve 25 that can be opened at the second position 25b and the third position 25c with different maximum openings is disposed in the pipe K1. That is, a single electromagnetic switching valve 25 is disposed in the oil passage connecting the lift cylinder 10 and the hydraulic pump motor 11 to control the amount of hydraulic oil flowing through the pipe K1. For this reason, the hydraulic control mechanism can be simplified. Moreover, by using the single electromagnetic switching valve 25, the piping connecting the lift cylinder 10 and the hydraulic pump motor 11 can be simplified.
- the hydraulic control mechanism of this embodiment is an electromagnetic as a first directional control valve that switches the inflow direction of hydraulic oil in the first oil passage to the pipe K1 connecting the bottom chamber 10a of the lift cylinder 10 and the hydraulic pump motor 11.
- a switching valve 26 is provided.
- the electromagnetic switching valve 26 of the present embodiment is a four-port valve, and is disposed on the pipe K5 connecting the main pipe K and the oil tank 13 together with the pipe K1.
- the electromagnetic switching valve 26 can take two positions, a first position 26a and a second position 26b.
- the electromagnetic switching valve 26 of the present embodiment is in the first position 26a when the solenoid is in a non-excited state, and permits the hydraulic oil to flow in one direction at the first position 26a.
- the electromagnetic switching valve 26 of the present embodiment is in the second position 26b when the solenoid is in an excited state, and allows the hydraulic oil to flow in both directions at the second position 26b.
- the electromagnetic switching valve 26 of the present embodiment is an ON-OFF valve that adjusts the opening degree by excitation (ON) and non-excitation (OFF) of the solenoid, unlike an electromagnetic proportional valve that can adjust the opening degree steplessly. .
- the spring chamber 20c of the pilot check valve 20 disposed in the pipe K4 connecting the bottom chamber 10a of the lift cylinder 10 and the hydraulic pump motor 11 is connected via a filter 21.
- a pressure compensation valve 27 is provided as a switching valve.
- the pressure compensation valve 27 can take two positions, a first position 27a and a second position 27b.
- the pressure compensation valve 27 is connected to a pipe K5 between the main pipe K and the electromagnetic switching valve 26 and a pipe K5 between the electromagnetic switching valve 26 and the oil tank 13.
- the pressure compensation valve 27 is always in the first position 27a, and when the pressure in the pipe K5 between the electromagnetic switching valve 26 and the oil tank 13 is increased, the pressure compensation valve 27 is changed from the first position 27a to the second position 27b. Switch.
- the pressure compensation valve 27 is in the first position 27a, the hydraulic fluid is allowed to flow to the pipe K5 between the main pipe K and the electromagnetic switching valve 26.
- the pressure compensation valve 27 is in the second position 27b, the flow of hydraulic oil in both directions is permitted.
- the maximum opening degrees of the electromagnetic switching valve 26 and the pilot check valve 20 are set as described below.
- the maximum opening degree of the electromagnetic switching valve 26 described here is the opening degree at the second position 26b.
- the maximum opening of the pilot check valve 20 is the opening when the valve body 20a is opened.
- the maximum opening of the pilot check valve 20 is set larger than the maximum opening of the electromagnetic switching valve 26.
- the maximum opening of the electromagnetic switching valve 26 is set smaller than the maximum opening of the pilot check valve 20.
- the ratio between the maximum opening of the electromagnetic switching valve 26 and the maximum opening of the pilot check valve 20 is set in the range of 1:20 to 1:50.
- the maximum opening of the pilot check valve 20 is set in a range of 20 to 50 times the maximum opening of the electromagnetic switching valve 26.
- the relationship between the maximum opening of the electromagnetic switching valve 26 and the maximum opening of the pilot check valve 20 is the same as the relationship between the maximum opening of the electromagnetic switching valve 19 and the pilot check valve 20 in the first embodiment. .
- the maximum opening of the electromagnetic switching valve 26 corresponds to the maximum oil passage area of the first oil passage
- the maximum opening of the pilot check valve 20 is the maximum oil passage area of the second oil passage. It corresponds to.
- the pipe K1 as the first oil path in which the electromagnetic switching valve 26 is disposed is the maximum oil path smaller than the maximum oil path area of the pipe K4 as the second oil path in which the pilot check valve 20 is disposed. Will have an area.
- the electromagnetic switching valve 26 that opens and closes the pipe K1 as the first oil passage, and the pilot check valve 20 that opens and closes the pipe K4 as the second oil passage;
- the control unit S that performs open / close control constitutes an open / close unit.
- the control unit S controls the rotational speeds of the hydraulic pump motor 11 and the lift motor 12 so that the lift operation is performed at an instruction speed corresponding to the operation amount of the lift lever L, and the electromagnetic switching valve 26 is set to the first position 26a.
- the hydraulic oil in the oil tank 13 pumped up by the hydraulic pump motor 11 flows through the main pipe K and flows into the electromagnetic switching valve 26 and also flows into the bottom chamber 10a. That is, the inflow direction of the hydraulic oil is a direction in which the oil flows from the oil tank 13 to the electromagnetic switching valve 26 and flows from the electromagnetic switching valve 26 to the bottom chamber 10 a of the lift cylinder 10.
- the fork F is raised by the extension of the lift cylinder 10.
- the electromagnetic switching valve 26 is set to the first position 26a, and the operation in the bottom chamber 10a of the lift cylinder 10 is performed. Oil does not flow into the pipe K1. Further, the pressure compensation valve 27 is set to the first position 27a. For this reason, the bottom chamber 10a of the lift cylinder 10 and the pipe K6 of the pressure compensation valve 27 are electrically connected via the throttle oil path 20b including the small diameter oil path 20e of the pilot check valve 20, and the pressure of the pipe K6 is the bottom. It is equivalent to the pressure in the chamber 10a. Due to the pressure in the pipe K6, the pressure compensation valve 27 is set to the first position 27a, and no hydraulic oil flows from the pipe K6 to the pipe K5.
- the control unit S When the control unit S is instructed to descend, the control unit S opens the electromagnetic switching valve 26 at the second position 26b. Moreover, the control part S starts the timer for measuring elapsed time simultaneously with opening the electromagnetic switching valve 26 in the 2nd position 26b.
- the electromagnetic switching valve 26 When the electromagnetic switching valve 26 is opened at the second position 26b, the hydraulic oil in the bottom chamber 10a passes through the electromagnetic switching valve 26 with the maximum opening set small. As a result, the pressure in the oil passage closer to the hydraulic pump motor 11 than the electromagnetic switching valve 26 rises, and the pressure difference between the inflow side and the outflow side of the electromagnetic switching valve 26 at the second position 26b is gradually eliminated. The pressure difference is below a predetermined pressure difference.
- the maximum opening degree of the electromagnetic switching valve 26 is set small, the hydraulic oil does not flow out rapidly when the electromagnetic switching valve 26 is opened, and the operator is less likely to feel a shock.
- the pressure compensation valve 27 that switches from the first position 27a to the second position 27b when the pressure of the pipe K5 rises becomes the second position when the pressure difference between the pipe K5 and the pipe K6 becomes a predetermined value or less. Switch to 27b.
- the pressure compensation valve 27 is switched to the second position 27b, the hydraulic oil flows through the throttle oil passage 20b including the small diameter oil passage 20e of the pilot check valve 20 to the pipe K5.
- the pilot check valve 20 is opened by pushing the valve body 20a of the pilot check valve 20 in the direction of opening the pipe K4. That is, the pilot check valve 20 has an oil path on the lift cylinder 10 side that is the inflow side of the throttle oil path 20b and an outflow side of the throttle oil path 20b due to the pressure loss caused by the hydraulic oil passing through the throttle oil path 20b.
- a pressure difference is generated between the oil passage on the spring chamber 20c side. Specifically, the pressure in the spring chamber 20 c is lower than the pressure in the oil passage on the lift cylinder 10 side than the pilot check valve 20.
- valve body 20a is gradually opened by a pressure difference generated between the inflow side and the outflow side of the throttle oil passage 20b.
- the hydraulic oil discharged from the bottom chamber 10a of the lift cylinder 10 flows directly to the main pipe K through the pipe K4.
- the control unit S controls the rotation speeds of the hydraulic pump motor 11 and the lift motor 12 so as to operate at an instruction speed corresponding to the operation amount of the lift lever L.
- the above-described constant value is set to a value greater than that obtained by calculating in advance the time during which the pilot check valve 20 is open in the hydraulic control mechanism of the present embodiment by simulation.
- this constant value is the time when the pressure difference between the oil passage on the lift cylinder 10 side of the pilot check valve 20 and the oil passage on the hydraulic pump motor 11 side of the pilot check valve 20 is equal to or less than a predetermined pressure difference. is there.
- the electromagnetic switching valve 26 with a small maximum opening is opened to cancel the pressure difference at the stage of opening the pilot check valve 20 with a large maximum opening, the pilot check valve 20
- the shock due to the hydraulic fluid flowing out at once by opening the valve is less likely to occur. That is, the shock that may occur when hydraulic fluid flows due to the pressure difference between the oil path on the lift cylinder 10 side and the oil path on the hydraulic pump motor 11 side with respect to the electromagnetic switching valve 26 is reduced.
- the hydraulic oil discharged from the bottom chamber 10 a of the lift cylinder 10 flows through the main pipe K and is sucked into the flow port 11 a of the hydraulic pump motor 11.
- the circulation port 11a functions as a suction port.
- the hydraulic pump motor 11 operates as a hydraulic motor using the hydraulic oil discharged from the bottom chamber 10a as a driving force.
- the lift motor 12 functions as a generator, and the electric power generated by the lift motor 12 is stored in the battery BT via the inverter S1. That is, when the fork F is lowered, a regenerative operation is performed.
- the hydraulic oil serving as the driving force of the hydraulic pump motor 11 is supplied from the lift cylinder 10 to the hydraulic pump motor through the respective oil passages, that is, the pipe K1 and the pipe K4 when the electromagnetic switching valve 26 and the pilot check valve 20 are opened.
- 11 is a hydraulic fluid that flows into the fuel tank 11.
- the “electromagnetic switching valve 19” in the effects (1) to (8) of the first embodiment is set to “electromagnetic switching valve 26”, and the “electromagnetic switching valve 22” is set to “pressure”. It shall be read as "compensation valve 27" respectively.
- the opening and closing of the pilot check valve 20 is controlled by the pressure compensation valve 27 that switches the positions of the first position 27a and the second position 27b according to the pressure of the pipe K5.
- the direction control valve which the control part S controls opening / closing becomes the single electromagnetic switching valve 26, and can simplify a hydraulic control mechanism. Further, by using the single electromagnetic switching valve 26, it is possible to suppress an increase in the cost of the hydraulic control mechanism.
- Each embodiment may be changed as follows.
- the hydraulic pump motor 11 and the lift motor 12 may be operated at an instruction speed corresponding to the operation amount of the lift lever L. good.
- the electromagnetic switching valve 19 After the electromagnetic switching valve 19 is opened, the flow rate of hydraulic fluid flowing to the hydraulic pump motor 11 and the pressure difference between the inflow side and the outflow side of the electromagnetic switching valve 19 are eliminated. On the condition, the electromagnetic switching valves 22 and 23 may be opened.
- the electromagnetic switching valve 25 After the electromagnetic switching valve 25 is set to the second position 25b, the flow rate of hydraulic fluid flowing to the hydraulic pump motor 11 and the pressure difference between the inflow side and the outflow side of the electromagnetic switching valve 25 are eliminated.
- the electromagnetic switching valve 25 may be set to the third position 25c on the condition that this is done.
- the first position 19a, 22a, 23a, 25a, 26a of the electromagnetic switching valve 19, 22, 23, 25, 26 is blocked from the oil path between the lift cylinder 10 and the hydraulic pump motor 11. It is good also as a structure.
- the arrangement and shape of the throttle oil passage 20b formed in the valve body 20a may be changed.
- the hydraulic oil that has passed through the electromagnetic switching valve 22 may be returned to the oil tank 13 by connecting the pipe K5 to the discharge pipe K3.
- the hydraulic control mechanism of each embodiment is not limited to a forklift, and can be applied as long as the descent operation is performed by its own weight. For example, you may apply to a hydraulic elevator etc.
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Abstract
Description
上記構成によれば、第1の方向制御弁と第2の方向制御弁との最大開度の差を大きく設定することで、弁開度を比例制御しなくても、第1の方向制御弁と第2の方向制御弁の開弁タイミングの制御により、昇降物を下降動作させる場合に生じ得るショックを低減しつつ、迅速に動作させることができる。
好ましくは、昇降装置は、前記第2の方向制御弁を通過した作動油が流れる第3油路と、該第3油路に配設される切換弁と、をさらに備える。前記第1の方向制御弁は電磁切換弁であるとともに、前記第2の方向制御弁は該第2の方向制御弁の内部に設けられる弁体と該弁体に形成される絞り油路とを有するパイロットチェック弁である。前記開閉部は、前記切換弁を開弁させるように構成される。前記切換弁が開弁すると前記油圧シリンダ内の作動油は前記絞り油路を通じて前記第3油路に排出され、これにより前記絞り油路の流入側と流出側との間に第2の圧力差が生じる。前記弁体は前記第2の圧力差に応じて前記第2油路を開く方向に動作する。
以下、本発明を、フォークリフトのフォークを昇降動作させるリフトシリンダを備えた昇降装置に具体化した第1の実施形態を図1~図3にしたがって説明する。
閉回路構成をなす主配管Kには、油圧ポンプ及び油圧モータとして機能する油圧ポンプモータ11が接続されているとともに、主配管Kには、リフトシリンダ10への作動油の給排経路をなすとともに、リフトシリンダ10のボトム室10aに接続される第1油路としての配管K1が接続されている。配管K1は、リフトシリンダ10と油圧ポンプモータ11とを接続する。油圧ポンプモータ11は、双方向回転可能に構成されている。そして、主配管Kは、油圧ポンプモータ11の流通口11a,11bに接続されている。油圧ポンプモータ11の流通口11a,11bは、作動油の流通方向によって吸込口又は吐出口となる。
制御部Sには、リフトレバーLの操作量を検出するポテンショメータLmが電気的に接続されている。そして、制御部Sは、リフトレバーLの操作量に基づくポテンショメータLmからの検出信号をもとに、リフト用モータ12の回転数を制御する。また、制御部Sは、昇降動作時、各電磁切換弁19,22の開度を制御する。
最初に、フォークFの上昇動作について説明する。
フォークFを上昇動作させる場合は、リフトシリンダ10のボトム室10aに作動油を供給する。このため、制御部Sは、リフトレバーLの操作量に応じた指示速度で上昇動作させるように油圧ポンプモータ11及びリフト用モータ12の回転数を制御する。また、制御部Sは、各電磁切換弁19,22を第1位置19a,22aとする。これにより、油圧ポンプモータ11によって汲み上げられた油タンク13の作動油は、主配管Kを流通して電磁切換弁19に流入するとともに、ボトム室10aに流入する。つまり、作動油の流入方向は、油タンク13から電磁切換弁19に流入し、電磁切換弁19からリフトシリンダ10のボトム室10aに流入する方向である。また、油圧ポンプモータ11によって汲み上げられた油タンク13の作動油は、主配管Kを流通してパイロットチェック弁20に流入するとともに、パイロットチェック弁20を開弁させることによってボトム室10aに流入する。つまり、作動油の流入方向は、油タンク13からパイロットチェック弁20に流入し、パイロットチェック弁20からリフトシリンダ10のボトム室10aに流入する方向である。そして、作動油がボトム室10aに流入すると、リフトシリンダ10の伸長によってフォークFが上昇動作する。なお、上昇動作時の油圧ポンプモータ11は、油圧ポンプとして作動する。
フォークFを下降動作させる場合は、リフトシリンダ10のボトム室10aから作動油を排出する。このため、本実施形態において制御部Sは、油圧ポンプモータ11及びリフト用モータ12を停止させた状態(ポンプ回転数を零とした状態)で、最初に電磁切換弁19を開く(ステップS10)。具体的に言えば、制御部Sは、電磁切換弁19のソレノイドを励磁し、切り替え位置を第2位置19bとする。これにより、リフトシリンダ10内の作動油は、配管K1を通じて油圧ポンプモータ11に流入し、戻される。つまり、制御部Sは、ステップS10において作動油の流入方向が、リフトシリンダ10から油圧ポンプモータ11への作動油の流入を許容する方向となるように電磁切換弁19を開弁する。そして、本実施形態の電磁切換弁19は、その最大開度を十分に小さな開度に設定していることから、配管K1を通じて油圧ポンプモータ11に戻される作動油の流量が制限される。つまり、少量の作動油が流れる。このような電磁切換弁19による作動油の流量制御によれば、電磁切換弁19(パイロットチェック弁20)について、電磁切換弁19(パイロットチェック弁20)よりもリフトシリンダ10側の油路と電磁切換弁19(パイロットチェック弁20)よりも油圧ポンプモータ11側の油路との間の圧力差が徐々に解消され、所定の圧力差以下となる。すなわち、電磁切換弁19(パイロットチェック弁20)とリフトシリンダ10との間の第1部位と、電磁切換弁19(パイロットチェック弁20)と油圧ポンプモータ11との間の第2部位と、を有する油路K1(油路K4)において、前記第1部位と前記第2部位との間の第1の圧力差(第2の圧力差)が徐々に解消され、所定の圧力差以下となる。なお、電磁切換弁19の最大開度を小さく設定していることから、電磁切換弁19を開いた時には作動油が急激に流れ出すことがなく、操作者はショックを感じ難くなっている。
(1)下降動作時、最初に、最大開度を小さく設定した電磁切換弁19の開弁により、リフトシリンダ10と油圧ポンプモータ11との間の油路が開かれて導通する。電磁切換弁19は、その最大開度が小さいため、前記油路に流通する作動油の流量が制限され、作動油が急激に流れ出すこともない。また、電磁切換弁19の開弁により、リフトシリンダ10と油圧ポンプモータ11との間の圧力差が解消されることになる。そして、リフトシリンダ10と油圧ポンプモータ11との間の油路の導通後、所定条件の成立時に最大開度を大きく設定したパイロットチェック弁20を開弁させた時には、圧力差が既に解消されていることにより、作動油が急激に流れたとしても、ショックが発生し難い。したがって、昇降物を下降動作させる場合に生じ得るショックを低減できる。
次に、本発明を具体化した第2の実施形態を図4にしたがって説明する。なお、以下に説明する実施形態では、既に説明した実施形態と同一構成について同一符号を付すなどして、その重複する説明を省略又は簡略する。
本実施形態の油圧制御機構の作用は、電磁切換弁23を制御する点について第1の実施形態と制御内容が相違しており、電磁切換弁19などの制御については同じ制御内容である。また、本実施形態においても制御部Sは、第1油路及び第2油路を開閉させる開閉部として機能する。
制御部Sは、リフトレバーLの操作量に応じた指示速度でフォークFを上昇動作させるように油圧ポンプモータ11及びリフト用モータ12の回転数を制御するとともに、各電磁切換弁19,23を第1位置19a,23aとする。これにより、油圧ポンプモータ11によって汲み上げられた油タンク13の作動油は、主配管Kを流通して各電磁切換弁19,23に流入するとともに、ボトム室10aに流入する。つまり、作動油の流入方向は、油タンク13から電磁切換弁19,23に流入し、電磁切換弁19,23からリフトシリンダ10のボトム室10aに流入する方向である。そして、作動油がボトム室10aに流入すると、リフトシリンダ10の伸長によってフォークFが上昇動作する。
制御部Sは、油圧ポンプモータ11及びリフト用モータ12を停止させた状態(ポンプ回転数を零とした状態)で、最初に電磁切換弁19を開く(図3のステップS10)。また、制御部Sは、電磁切換弁19を開くと同時に、経過時間を計測するためのタイマをスタートさせる(図3のステップS20)。
次に、本発明を具体化した第3の実施形態を図5にしたがって説明する。
本実施形態の油圧制御機構は、リフトシリンダ10のボトム室10aと油圧ポンプモータ11とを接続する配管K1に、電磁切換弁25が配設されている。電磁切換弁25は、第1位置25aと、第2位置25bと、第3位置25cとの3位置を取り得る。本実施形態の電磁切換弁25は、第1ソレノイド25d及び第2ソレノイド25eをそれぞれ非励磁状態とした時に第1位置25aとなり、第1位置25aでは油圧ポンプモータ11からリフトシリンダ10への作動油の流通を許容する。一方、本実施形態の電磁切換弁25は、第1ソレノイド25dを励磁状態とした時に第2位置25bとなり、第2位置25bでは油圧ポンプモータ11とリフトシリンダ10との間において双方向に作動油の流通を許容する。また、本実施形態の電磁切換弁25は、第2ソレノイド25eを励磁状態とした時に第3位置25cとなり、第3位置25cでは油圧ポンプモータ11とリフトシリンダ10との間において双方向に作動油の流通を許容する。本実施形態の電磁切換弁25は、無段階に開度を調節可能な電磁比例弁とは異なり、ソレノイドの励磁(ON)及び非励磁(OFF)によって開度を調整するON-OFF弁である。
本実施形態の油圧制御機構の作用は、電磁切換弁25を制御する点について第1,第2の実施形態と制御内容が相違している。また、本実施形態においても制御部Sは、第1油路及び第2油路を開閉させる開閉部として機能する。
制御部Sは、リフトレバーLの操作量に応じた指示速度でフォークFを上昇動作させるように油圧ポンプモータ11及びリフト用モータ12の回転数を制御するとともに、電磁切換弁25を第1位置25aとする。これにより、油圧ポンプモータ11によって汲み上げられた油タンク13の作動油は、主配管Kを流通して電磁切換弁25に流入するとともに、ボトム室10aに流入する。つまり、作動油の流入方向は、油タンク13から電磁切換弁25に流入し、電磁切換弁25からリフトシリンダ10のボトム室10aに流入する方向である。そして、作動油がボトム室10aに流入すると、リフトシリンダ10の伸長によってフォークFが上昇動作する。
制御部Sは、油圧ポンプモータ11及びリフト用モータ12を停止させた状態(ポンプ回転数を零とした状態)で、電磁切換弁25を第2位置25bで開く。また、制御部Sは、電磁切換弁25を第2位置25bで開くと同時に、経過時間を計測するためのタイマをスタートさせる。そして、制御部Sは、タイマが、予め定めた時間Xに到達すると、電磁切換弁25を第2位置25bから第3位置25cに切り替え、電磁切換弁25を第3位置25cで開く。本実施形態の油圧制御機構においてリフトシリンダ10内の作動油は、配管K1と第2位置25b及び第3位置25cの一方の電磁切換弁25とを通じて油圧ポンプモータ11に流入し、油圧ポンプモータ11に戻される。つまり、制御部Sは、作動油の流入方向が、リフトシリンダ10から油圧ポンプモータ11への作動油の流入を許容する方向となるように電磁切換弁25を第2位置25b又は第3位置25cで開弁する。また、制御部Sは、電磁切換弁25を第3位置25cで開くタイミングで、リフトレバーLの操作量に応じた指示速度で動作させるように油圧ポンプモータ11及びリフト用モータ12の回転数を制御する。
次に、本発明を具体化した第4の実施形態を図6にしたがって説明する。
本実施形態の油圧制御機構は、リフトシリンダ10のボトム室10aと油圧ポンプモータ11とを接続する配管K1に、第1油路における作動油の流入方向を切り換える第1の方向制御弁としての電磁切換弁26が配設されている。また、本実施形態の電磁切換弁26は4ポート弁とされており、配管K1とともに、主配管Kと油タンク13とを接続する配管K5上にも配設されている。電磁切換弁26は、第1位置26aと第2位置26bとの2位置を取り得る。そして、本実施形態の電磁切換弁26は、ソレノイドを非励磁状態とした時に第1位置26aとなり、第1位置26aでは一方向への作動油の流通を許容する。一方、本実施形態の電磁切換弁26は、ソレノイドを励磁状態とした時に第2位置26bとなり、第2位置26bでは双方向への作動油の流通を許容する。本実施形態の電磁切換弁26は、無段階に開度を調節可能な電磁比例弁とは異なり、ソレノイドの励磁(ON)及び非励磁(OFF)によって開度を調整するON-OFF弁である。
最初に、フォークFの上昇動作について説明する。
制御部Sは、リフトレバーLの操作量に応じた指示速度で上昇動作させるように油圧ポンプモータ11及びリフト用モータ12の回転数を制御するとともに、電磁切換弁26を第1位置26aとする。これにより、油圧ポンプモータ11によって汲み上げられた油タンク13の作動油は、主配管Kを流通して電磁切換弁26に流入するとともに、ボトム室10aに流入する。つまり、作動油の流入方向は、油タンク13から電磁切換弁26に流入し、電磁切換弁26からリフトシリンダ10のボトム室10aに流入する方向である。そして、作動油がボトム室10aに流入すると、リフトシリンダ10の伸長によってフォークFが上昇動作する。
油圧ポンプモータ11及びリフト用モータ12を停止させた状態(ポンプ回転数を零とした状態)において、電磁切換弁26は第1位置26aとされており、リフトシリンダ10のボトム室10a内の作動油は配管K1に流れない。また、圧力補償弁27は、第1位置27aとされている。このため、リフトシリンダ10のボトム室10aと圧力補償弁27の配管K6とは、パイロットチェック弁20の小径油路20eを含む絞り油路20bを介して導通しており、配管K6の圧力はボトム室10aの圧力と同等とされている。この配管K6の圧力により、圧力補償弁27は第1位置27aとされており、配管K6から配管K5への作動油の流れは発生していない。
○ 第1~第3の実施形態において、電磁切換弁22,23,25を開くと同時に、油圧ポンプモータ11及びリフト用モータ12をリフトレバーLの操作量に応じた指示速度で動作させても良い。
○ 第1の実施形態において、配管K5を排出配管K3に接続することにより、電磁切換弁22を通過した作動油を油タンク13へ戻しても良い。
Claims (7)
- 油圧シリンダへの作動油の給排によって昇降物を昇降動作させる昇降装置において、
前記油圧シリンダへ作動油を供給する油圧ポンプと、
前記油圧シリンダと前記油圧ポンプとを接続する第1油路と、
前記油圧シリンダと前記油圧ポンプとを接続する第2油路と、
前記第1油路及び前記第2油路の開閉を行う開閉部と、を備え、
前記第1油路の最大油路面積は、前記第2油路の最大油路面積よりも小さく、
前記第1油路は、前記油圧シリンダと前記開閉部との間の第1部位と、前記開閉部と前記油圧ポンプとの間の第2部位と、を有し、
前記開閉部は、前記昇降物の下降動作時、前記作動油が前記第1油路を流れることを許容し、前記第1油路の導通後、前記第1部位と前記第2部位との間の第1の圧力差が所定の圧力差以下となった時に前記作動油が前記第2油路を流れることを許容することを特徴とする昇降装置。 - 前記開閉部は、
第1油路上に配設されるとともに、前記第1油路における前記作動油の流入方向を切り換える第1の方向制御弁と、
前記第2油路上に配設されるとともに、前記第2油路における前記作動油の流入方向を切り換える第2の方向制御弁と、を備え、
前記第1油路の最大油路面積は、前記第1の方向制御弁の最大開度によって定められる一方で、前記第2油路の最大油路面積は、前記第2の方向制御弁の最大開度によって定められ、
前記第1の方向制御弁の最大開度は、前記第2の方向制御弁の最大開度よりも小さいことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の昇降装置。 - 前記第1の方向制御弁及び前記第2の方向制御弁の開弁に伴って前記作動油が前記第1及び第2油路を前記油圧シリンダから前記油圧ポンプに向かって流れ、それによって、前記作動油は前記油圧ポンプを油圧モータとして駆動させるための駆動力として機能して、前記油圧モータに回生動作を行わせることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の昇降装置。
- 前記第2の方向制御弁の最大開度は、前記第1の方向制御弁の最大開度の20~50倍の範囲に設定されていることを特徴とする請求項2又は請求項3に記載の昇降装置。
- 前記第1の方向制御弁が開弁してからの経過時間を計測する計測部をさらに備え、
前記開閉部は、前記経過時間が予め定めた時間に到達したときに前記第2の方向制御弁を開弁させることを特徴とする請求項2~請求項4のうち何れか一項に記載の昇降装置。 - 前記第2の方向制御弁を通過した作動油が流れる第3油路と、
該第3油路に配設される切換弁と、をさらに備え、
前記第1の方向制御弁は電磁切換弁であるとともに、前記第2の方向制御弁は該第2の方向制御弁の内部に設けられる弁体と該弁体に形成される絞り油路とを有するパイロットチェック弁であり、
前記開閉部は、前記切換弁を開弁させるように構成され、
前記切換弁が開弁すると前記油圧シリンダ内の作動油は前記絞り油路を通じて前記第3油路に排出され、これにより前記絞り油路の流入側と流出側との間に第2の圧力差が生じ、
前記弁体は前記第2の圧力差に応じて前記第2油路を開く方向に動作することを特徴とする請求項2~請求項5のうち何れか一項に記載の昇降装置。 - 前記切換弁の最大開度は、前記パイロットチェック弁の最大開度に比して小さく、かつ前記第1の方向制御弁の最大開度と同一開度又は大きい開度に設定されていることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の昇降装置。
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JP6551740B2 (ja) * | 2015-10-28 | 2019-07-31 | Smc株式会社 | 流体制御弁 |
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US9957982B2 (en) | 2018-05-01 |
CN104718150B (zh) | 2016-10-12 |
US20150300380A1 (en) | 2015-10-22 |
JPWO2014061125A1 (ja) | 2016-09-05 |
CN104718150A (zh) | 2015-06-17 |
JP6007990B2 (ja) | 2016-10-19 |
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