WO2014050342A1 - スプリングバック要因特定方法およびスプリングバック要因特定装置 - Google Patents
スプリングバック要因特定方法およびスプリングバック要因特定装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014050342A1 WO2014050342A1 PCT/JP2013/071950 JP2013071950W WO2014050342A1 WO 2014050342 A1 WO2014050342 A1 WO 2014050342A1 JP 2013071950 W JP2013071950 W JP 2013071950W WO 2014050342 A1 WO2014050342 A1 WO 2014050342A1
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- springback
- young
- modulus
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- residual stress
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
- G06F30/23—Design optimisation, verification or simulation using finite element methods [FEM] or finite difference methods [FDM]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
- Y02T10/82—Elements for improving aerodynamics
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a springback factor identifying method and a springback factor identifying device for identifying a springback factor occurring in a press forming product such as an automobile part.
- Press molding is a method of processing a material by transferring the shape of the die to a blank by pressing the die against the material (steel sheet) that is the object.
- the residual stress in the press-molded product becomes the driving force, and the strain recovery phenomenon due to elastic recovery (so-called springback) occurs.
- springback strain recovery phenomenon due to elastic recovery
- the shape of the press-formed product is different from the desired shape.
- high-strength steel sheets for body parts from the viewpoint of weight saving of automotive bodies, and springs are becoming stronger.
- the degree of back is also increasing accordingly. For this reason, restraining springback has become an increasingly important issue in reducing the development time and cost of automobiles.
- Patent Document 1 When taking measures to suppress springback, it is effective to identify the portion having the residual stress that is the cause of springback and the direction of the residual stress.
- Patent Document 1 attention is paid to residual stress in press forming simulation by finite element method, and residual stress in a part of the press molded product before die release is measured. A technique is described that determines how much the residual stress in the region affects the springback by changing the springback amount calculated in that state and identifying the cause of the springback. Yes.
- the physical quantity to be changed in a part of the area may be a plate thickness, an elastic modulus (Young's modulus), and a plasticity coefficient (paragraph [0031]) in addition to the residual stress. reference). According to the technique described in Patent Document 1, it is not possible to directly specify the portion having the residual stress that is the cause of the occurrence of springback and the direction of the residual stress as described above. You can see which physical quantity indirectly influences the cause of springback.
- Patent Document 1 has the following problems.
- a material model that defines the deformation behavior of the material is used.
- the residual stress is changed, there is a problem caused by the type of the material model to be used.
- Many material models have been proposed so far, the difference being in the handling of the yield surface.
- the yield surface represents the yield behavior of a material subjected to multiaxial stress.
- the yield surface is a two-dimensional stress as shown in FIG. Generally expressed as a two-dimensional stress plane. That is, as shown in FIG.
- the material when an external force is applied to the material by processing and the stress in the material increases, the material yields at a certain stress A after elastic deformation, and thereafter plastic deformation (plastic) deformation).
- plastic deformation plastic deformation
- the hardening of the material is reproduced by enlarging the yield curved surface by the enlargement amount R as shown in FIG. This is called an isotropic hardening model.
- the isotropic hardening model is widely used as the most classic and simple model among the material models used for press forming analysis.
- a model that reproduces the hardening of the material by moving the yield surface as shown in FIG. 13 during plastic deformation is called a kinematic hardening model. Since the kinematic hardening model is relatively excellent in predicting accuracy of springback, various kinematic hardening models have been proposed recently and introduced into general-purpose finite element software. In the kinematic hardening model, the amount of movement of the center of the yield surface is represented by back stress ⁇ , and this variable is updated at each calculation step in the simulation and saved as a history variable. . Since the amount of enlargement R of the yield surface of the isotropic hardening model is determined by the strain received by the material, no hysteresis variable is required.
- the reason for changing the plate thickness, elastic modulus, and plasticity coefficient (all of which are isotropy values as scalar values) is as described above. This is to indirectly know the cause of the back, not to identify the portion having the residual stress that is the cause of the spring back and the direction of the residual stress. If the residual stress that is the cause of springback and its direction cannot be specified, it cannot serve as a guideline for springback suppression measures such as mold correction.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and can more accurately identify a portion having a residual stress that is a cause of springback and a direction of the residual stress. It is an object of the present invention to provide a springback factor identification method and a springback factor identification device.
- the springback factor specifying method is a method for specifying a springback factor of a press-formed product performed by a computer, and the shape, residual stress distribution, and strain distribution before release of the press-formed product are determined by press molding analysis.
- a spring back analysis is performed based on the acquired press molding analysis step and the shape, residual stress distribution, and strain distribution of the press molded product acquired in the press molding analysis step, and the press molded product is released after the mold release.
- a first springback analyzing step for acquiring the amount, a region dividing step for dividing the shape of the press molded product acquired in the press forming analyzing step into a plurality of regions, and the press molded product divided by the region dividing step.
- a springback analysis is performed based on the shape, residual stress distribution, and strain distribution of the press-formed product obtained in the press forming step.
- performing a second springback analysis step for obtaining the springback amount after release of the press-molded product for each selected region and for each specified direction, and the springback amount obtained in the first springback analysis step.
- the amount difference acquisition step and the spring back amount difference acquired in the spring back amount difference acquisition step are compared. And, characterized in that it comprises a spring-back factor specifying step of specifying the direction of the residual stress and its residual stress factors springback based on the comparison result.
- the springback factor specifying step compares all the acquired springback amount differences, and acquires the maximum springback amount difference.
- the specified direction is specified as the residual stress of the springback factor and the direction of the residual stress.
- the Young's modulus in the x direction in the Young's modulus changing step and the second springback analysis step is Exx
- the Young's modulus in the y direction is Eyy
- the change of the Young's modulus in the Young's modulus changing step is as follows: This is performed by changing the value of the Young's modulus of any one of Exx, Eyy, and Ezz in the following formula (1).
- the Young's modulus is changed in the Young's modulus changing step, wherein the Young's modulus value of any one of Exx, Eyy, and Ezz in the formula (1) is doubled or more It is characterized by being carried out by setting it to 1/2 times or less.
- the spring back factor specifying device is a device for specifying a spring back factor of a press-formed product performed by a computer.
- the press-back analysis of the shape, residual stress distribution, and strain distribution of the press-formed product before release is performed.
- a press molding analysis means for obtaining, a spring back analysis means for performing a spring back analysis based on the shape, residual stress distribution, and strain distribution of the press molded product and obtaining a spring back amount after release of the press molded product
- an area dividing means for dividing the shape of the press-molded product into a plurality of areas, an arbitrary area among the areas of the press-formed product divided by the area dividing means, and a designated direction of the selected area Young's modulus changing means for changing the Young's modulus and spring back obtained by the spring bank analyzing means
- a spring back amount difference acquisition means for acquiring a spring back amount difference by comparing them with each other, and comparing a plurality of the spring back amount differences, and based on the comparison result, the residual stress of the spring back factor and the direction of the residual stress
- a springback factor specifying means for specifying.
- the springback factor identification unit compares a plurality of the springback amount differences and obtains the selected region and the specified direction from which the maximum springback amount difference is obtained. It is characterized by specifying the residual stress as a factor of the springback and the direction of the residual stress.
- the Young's modulus changing means and the second springback analyzing means have the x-direction Young's modulus Exx, the y-direction Young's modulus Eyy, and the z-direction Young's modulus.
- the Young's modulus change in the Young's modulus changing means may be performed by increasing the Young's modulus value of any one of Exx, Eyy, and Ezz in Formula (1) by two times or more. It is characterized by being carried out by setting it to 1/2 times or less.
- the shape of the press-molded product is divided into a plurality of regions, and the analysis is performed by changing the Young's modulus in the specified direction for an arbitrary region. Therefore, the portion having the residual stress that is the cause of the springback and the direction of the residual stress can be accurately identified without performing erroneous calculation.
- FIG. 1 is a flowchart for explaining the flow of processing of a springback factor identification method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a springback factor specifying device for performing the springback factor specifying method of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a press-formed product that is an analysis target according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram for explaining region dividing means of the springback factor identification device of FIG.
- FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an example of a method for evaluating the result of the implementation of the springback analysis means of the springback factor identification device of FIG.
- FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the Young's modulus changing means of the springback factor identification device of FIG. FIG.
- FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an example of an implementation result of the Young's modulus changing means of the springback factor identification device of FIG.
- FIG. 8 is a comparison diagram for comparing the specific part by the springback factor specifying method of FIG. 1 with the specific part by the conventional method.
- FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an experiment for comparing the specific part by the springback factor specifying method of FIG. 1 with the specific part by the conventional method.
- FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the result of the comparison experiment of FIG.
- FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the background art, and is a diagram for explaining a yield surface.
- FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the background art, and is an explanatory diagram for explaining a material model (isotropic hardening model) that defines the deformation behavior of the material on the simulation.
- FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a material model (moving hardening model) different from the material model (isotropic hardening model) of FIG.
- the Young's modulus is treated as isotropic in all directions as a scalar value.
- the Young's modulus actually has a value that varies depending on the direction in the material plane (elasticity). It has anisotropy. Therefore, the inventors of the present invention have made extensive studies focusing on elastic anisotropy, and as a result, if the amount of springback is calculated by changing the Young's modulus in a certain direction of a certain region, it is a cause of occurrence of springback. It was found that a site having a residual stress can be specified, and the direction of the residual stress can also be specified.
- an analysis model is created for a part, press analysis is performed on the created analysis model to determine the stress state before release, etc., followed by springback analysis to determine the amount of springback after release.
- the case of acquiring will be described as an example. It is assumed that the Young's modulus in the x direction of the rectangular coordinate system of a partial region of the analysis model is assumed to be a virtually large value in the state before the release of the analysis model. Young's modulus is the ratio of stress to strain. Accordingly, changing the Young's modulus in the x direction of a certain region to a large value means that the amount of strain (spring back amount) in the x direction caused by releasing a predetermined residual stress in the x direction of the region is the Young's modulus. This means that it is smaller than the strain amount (spring back amount) when the rate is not changed.
- springback factor specifying device 1 Since the springback factor specifying method according to an embodiment of the present invention is performed by a device such as a PC (personal computer) that executes program processing, first, a device (hereinafter referred to as “springback factor specifying device 1”). Will be described based on the block diagram shown in FIG.
- the springback factor identification device 1 is configured by a PC or the like, and includes a display device 3, an input device 5, a main storage device 7, an auxiliary storage device 9, and an arithmetic processing unit 11.
- a display device 3, an input device 5, a main storage device 7, and an auxiliary storage device 9 are connected to the arithmetic processing unit 11, and the display device 3, the input device 5, the main storage device 7, and the auxiliary storage device 9
- Each function is performed according to a command from the processing unit 11.
- the display device 3 is used for displaying calculation results, and is composed of a liquid crystal monitor or the like.
- the input device 5 is used for an operator's input operation and the like, and includes a keyboard, a mouse, and the like.
- the main storage device 7 is used for temporary storage or calculation of data used in the arithmetic processing unit 11, and is composed of a RAM or the like.
- the auxiliary storage device 9 is used for data storage and the like, and is composed of a hard disk or the like.
- the arithmetic processing unit 11 is composed of a CPU such as a PC, etc., and press forming analysis means 13, springback analysis means 15, area dividing means 17, Young's modulus changing means 19, springback amount difference obtaining means 21, and springback factor Specific means 23 are provided. These means are realized by a CPU or the like executing a predetermined program. These means will be described in detail below.
- the press molding analysis means 13 performs press molding analysis on a press molded product, and acquires shape information, stress distribution, and strain distribution after press molding (before mold release).
- FIG. 3A is a plan view of the hat cross-sectional component 31, and FIG. 3B is a perspective view of the hat cross-sectional component 31.
- FIG. 4 shows an example of area division of the hat cross-sectional component 31.
- FIG. 4 shows the hat end face component 31 for each part in order from the lower side in the drawing of FIG. 4A, the flange portion F1, the vertical wall portion W1 (see FIG. 4B), the punch bottom portion P1, and the vertical wall portion W2. (See FIG.
- the flange portion F2 is divided into five regions, and these regions are further arranged in the longitudinal direction in order from the side of the figure number (a) in FIG. By dividing into four areas of iv, it is divided into 20 areas in total.
- the region i of the punch bottom P1 is referred to as a region P1-i.
- the springback analysis means 15 performs a springback analysis based on the shape information before release, the stress distribution, the strain distribution, and the given physical property values obtained by the press forming analysis means 13, and the springback after release. Get the quantity.
- the amount of springback for example, as shown in FIG. 5 (a), the cross section near the end of the hat cross-section component 31 is taken as the evaluation cross section (AA cross section in FIG. 5 (a)).
- the punch bottom part P1 of the hat cross-sectional part 31 before the mold shown by a broken line in FIG. 5B
- the punch bottom part P1 of the hat cross-sectional part 31 after the mold release shown by a solid line in FIG.
- a large twist angle ⁇ (°) means a large twist in the evaluation cross section.
- the cross section in the vicinity of the end portion is the evaluation cross section.
- the cross section of another portion may be the evaluation cross section.
- the twist angle is taken as an example of the springback amount.
- the outward bending amount of the flange portion F1 and the flange portion F2 may be used as the springback amount.
- the Young's modulus changing means 19 treats a part of the area divided by the area dividing means 17 as an elastic anisotropic material model, and changes the Young's modulus only in the designated direction among the directions.
- an elastic anisotropic material model is handled, an example of formulation of elastic anisotropy will be described below.
- the elastic compliance C in consideration of the elastic anisotropy is expressed by the following formula (1).
- the subscript x is 0 ° direction with respect to the rolling direction
- y is 90 ° direction (width direction) with respect to the rolling direction
- z is the plate thickness direction.
- a material model having elastic anisotropy can be handled by these equations (1) to (6).
- the values of Young's modulus E xx , E yy , and E zz in these equations can be arbitrarily changed.
- the value of only the Young's modulus E xx can be changed to 10 times.
- shear modulus (G xy, G yz, G zx) While considering the Young's modulus (E xx, E yy, E zz) alone may be used considering the formula .
- the coordinates of the material coordinate system are used as they are as the coordinate system, and the 0 ° direction (x direction), 45 ° direction, and 90 ° direction (y direction) of the material coordinate system are used.
- a plate thickness direction z direction, direction perpendicular to the paper surface
- the Young's modulus in that direction is changed.
- E 0 E 180
- E 90 205 GPa
- the direction is specified by any of the 0 ° direction (x direction), 45 ° direction, 90 ° direction (y direction), and plate thickness direction (z direction) of the material coordinate system.
- a direction such as 30 ° or 15 °. Therefore, in such a case, as shown in FIG. 6B, the coordinate system after rotation is used by rotating the material coordinate system and matching the x direction of the material coordinate system with the direction to be designated as the coordinate system.
- Any one of 0 ° direction (x ′ direction), 45 ° direction, 90 ° direction (y ′ direction), and plate thickness direction (z direction) of the system may be specified (second method).
- the third method uses a 0 ° direction (x ′′ direction), a 45 ° direction, and a 90 ° direction (y ′′) in a coordinate system determined from the shape and orientation of each element.
- Direction and a thickness direction (z direction). Any of the first to third methods described above may be used.
- the springback amount difference obtaining means 21 compares the result of the springback analysis performed without changing the Young's modulus with the result of the springback analysis performed by changing the Young's modulus by the Young's modulus changing means 19. The back amount difference is acquired.
- the springback factor specifying means 23 compares a plurality of springback amount differences obtained by the springback amount difference obtaining means 21 and, based on the comparison result, a residual stress area as a springback factor and a direction of the residual stress. Identify. For example, the springback factor specifying unit 23 compares the springback amount difference, specifies the selected region and the designated direction in which the maximum springback amount difference is acquired as the residual stress region of the springback factor and the direction of the residual stress. Also good.
- the press molding analysis means 13 obtains the shape of the press molded product before release, the residual stress distribution, and the strain distribution.
- the springback analysis means 15 performs a springback analysis based on the pre-release shape, residual stress distribution, and strain distribution of the press-molded product acquired in the press-molding analysis step S1, and the springback amount after the mold release. To get.
- the springback analysis means 15 uses an isotropic Young's modulus.
- the springback analysis means 15 acquires the torsion angle ⁇ (°) described with reference to FIG. 5B as the springback amount.
- the twist angle obtained in this step is defined as ⁇ A (°).
- the area dividing means 17 divides the shape of the press molded product acquired in the press molding analyzing step S1 into a plurality of shapes.
- the region dividing means 17 divides the hat cross-section component 31 into 20 regions as shown in FIG.
- the Young's modulus changing means 19 selects an arbitrary region among the regions of the press-formed product divided by the region dividing step S5, and changes the Young's modulus in the designated direction of the selected region. By doing so, the press-formed product has elastic anisotropy.
- the Young's modulus changing means 19 changes the Young's modulus in the x direction shown in FIG. 6A and changes the Young's modulus E xx in the designated direction to twice. did.
- the springback analysis means 15 uses the shape, residual stress distribution, and strain distribution of the press molded product acquired in the press molding analysis step S1 for the press molded product whose Young's modulus is changed in the Young's modulus changing step S7. Spring back analysis is performed, and the amount of spring back after release of the press-formed product is acquired for each selected region and for each specified direction.
- the springback analysis unit 15 acquires the twist angle ⁇ B (°) as the springback amount.
- the springback amount difference acquisition means 21 calculates the springback amount acquired in the first springback analysis step S3 and the springback amount for each selected area and specified direction acquired in the second springback analysis step S9. A comparison is made to obtain a springback amount difference for each selected region and for each designated direction.
- the springback amount difference obtaining unit 21 uses the twist angle ⁇ A (°) obtained in the first springback analysis step S3 and the selection region obtained in the second springback analysis step S9.
- the twist angle ⁇ B (°) for each specified direction is compared with each other, and the twist angle difference (°) for each selected region and for each specified direction is acquired.
- the springback factor specifying means 23 compares all the springback amount differences acquired in the springback amount difference acquisition step S11, and selects the selected region and the designated direction in which the maximum springback amount difference is acquired as the springback factor difference. It is specified as the residual stress region and the direction of the residual stress.
- the shape of the press-formed product is divided into a plurality of regions, and the Young's modulus in the specified direction is changed for an arbitrary region. It is possible to perform analysis that is closer to reality, such as pressing a material with directionality, without causing the calculation to fail or incorrect calculation, and to determine the portion of the residual stress that is the cause of springback and its residual stress. The direction can be accurately specified.
- the experiment is to acquire the region and residual stress direction specified by the springback factor specifying method of the present embodiment using the hat cross-section component 31 as the analysis target in the same manner as in the above embodiment (invention example).
- the press molding material was a 980 MPa high-strength steel sheet having a thickness of 1.2 mm.
- general-purpose finite element method software LS-DYNA was used, and a kinematic hardening type material model was used as the material model.
- the changing rate of Young's modulus was set to three types of 2 times, 10 times, and 30 times, and analysis was performed for each changing rate. Also, in the springback factor identification step, all the acquired springback amount differences are compared, and the selected region and the specified direction in which the maximum springback amount difference is acquired are used to determine the residual stress region of the springback factor and its residual stress. The direction was specified.
- an area and a residual stress direction as a factor of springback were obtained based on a conventional method.
- the conventional method will be described below.
- press molding analysis is performed on the same hat cross-section part 31, and the shape, residual stress distribution, and strain distribution of the press-molded product before mold release are acquired.
- a springback analysis is performed based on the obtained state before release to obtain a twist angle ⁇ C (°).
- the residual stress of all or one of the above is set to 0, and the springback analysis is performed to obtain the twist angle ⁇ D (°).
- a twist angle difference (°) is acquired based on the twist angle ⁇ C (°) and the twist angle ⁇ D (°).
- the above processing is performed for all 20 areas, and the maximum torsion angle difference (°), the area, and the specified direction are acquired from the torsion angle differences (°) of all areas. Is identified as the cause of springback.
- Table 1 below shows the analysis results of the above invention examples and comparative examples.
- Table 1 shows the number of non-convergence regions in the analysis and the maximum torsion angle difference (maximum torsion angle difference) among the obtained torsion angle differences for each changed physical quantity (Young's modulus, residual stress). (Maximum twist angle difference region) is extracted.
- the results when the Young's modulus was doubled were examined.
- 1-No. 3 the results when the Young's modulus was increased 10 times were examined.
- 4 to No. No. 6 shows the results when the Young's modulus is increased 50 times. 7-No. 9 shows.
- the results obtained by the conventional method are shown in Table 1 as an examination number. 10-No. 16 shows.
- study No. 1 in Table 1 1-No. 3 will be described.
- Study No. As shown in FIG. 1, when the Young's modulus E xx in the 0 ° direction (x direction) was changed to 2 times, the maximum twist angle difference was 2.8 ° in the region F1-iii.
- study no. As shown in FIG. 2, when the Young's modulus E yy in the 90 ° direction (y direction) was changed to 2 times, the maximum twist angle difference was 1.0 ° in the region P1-iv.
- Study No. As shown in FIG. 3, when the Young's modulus E zz in the thickness direction (z direction) was changed to 2 times, the maximum twist angle difference was 0.2 ° in the region W1-iii.
- the number of non-convergent areas of the analysis is 0, which means that all the analyzes can be converged and the analysis result is very good.
- the maximum springback amount difference in all directions in all regions is in the X direction and region F1-iii. Accordingly, in the springback factor specifying step S13, the region F1-iii is specified as the region of residual stress that is the factor of springback, and the X direction is specified as the factor of springback as the direction of the residual stress. More specifically, the X-direction residual stress in the region F1-iii is specified as a factor of springback.
- Study No. in Table 1 As shown in FIG. 11, when the analysis for reducing the X-direction residual stress to 0 was performed for each of the 20 regions, the number of regions where the analysis did not converge (the number of non-convergent regions) was 4. This is considered to be because the calculation consistency is lost because the X-direction residual stress is reduced to 0 in the non-convergent area, and the calculation is not consistent.
- Study No. 12 and study no. 14 also had a non-convergent region. In Table 1, the non-convergence region is ignored, and the maximum torsion angle difference is selected from the regions in which other analyzes can converge. Therefore, the reliability of the analysis result is low.
- FIG. 8 shows the region F1-iii (invention example) specified by the present invention and the region W1-iii (comparative example) specified by the conventional method so that it can be easily grasped visually.
- the portion of the hat cross-sectional component 31 corresponding to these regions is subjected to the press molding stage. It was excised in advance and press-molded.
- FIG. 9A shows a hat cross-sectional component 31 obtained by press molding using a material obtained by cutting out the region F1-iii (invention example).
- FIG. 9B shows a hat cross-sectional part 31 obtained by press molding using a material obtained by cutting out the region W1-iii (with W1-iii as a space) (Comparative Example 1).
- FIG. 10 shows the twist angle of the hat cross-sectional component 31.
- FIG. 10 shows a twist angle of a hat cross-sectional component 31 obtained by press molding using a material that has not been subjected to springback measures (the material is not cut) as Comparative Example 2. .
- the method for identifying the springback factor of the present invention can more accurately identify the portion having the residual stress that is the cause of the springback and the direction of the residual stress. It was.
- the analysis can be converged without causing mismatching in the calculation in the analysis, the springback amount difference can be obtained in all regions and in all directions, and the reliability of the analysis result is high. .
- the present invention it is possible to accurately specify the portion having the residual stress that is the cause of the spring bop and the direction of the residual stress without causing the calculation to fail or performing an incorrect calculation.
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Abstract
Description
スプリングバック要因特定装置1は、図2に示すように、PC等によって構成され、表示装置3、入力装置5、主記憶装置7、補助記憶装置9、および演算処理部11を有している。演算処理部11には、表示装置3、入力装置5、主記憶装置7、および補助記憶装置9が接続され、表示装置3、入力装置5、主記憶装置7、および補助記憶装置9は、演算処理部11の指令によって各機能を行う。表示装置3は、計算結果の表示等で用いられ、液晶モニター等で構成されている。入力装置5は、オペレータの入力操作等に用いられ、キーボードやマウス等で構成されている。
プレス成形解析手段13は、プレス成形品についてプレス成形解析を行い、プレス成形後(離型前)の形状情報、応力分布、およびひずみ分布を取得するものである。
領域分割手段17は、プレス成形品の形状を複数の領域に分割するものである。図3に示すようなハット断面(hat-shaped cross section)部品31の領域分割を行うことを例に挙げて説明する。図3(a)はハット断面部品31の平面図であり、図3(b)はハット断面部品31の斜視図である。図4は、ハット断面部品31の領域分割の一例を示したものである。図4は、ハット端面部品31を部位毎に図4(a)の図中下側から順番にフランジ部F1、縦壁部W1(図4(b)参照)、パンチ底部P1、縦壁部W2(図4(b)参照)、およびフランジ部F2の5つの領域に分割し、さらにこれらの領域を長手方向に図4(a)の図中の図番(a)側から順番に領域i~ivの4つの領域に分割することで、全部で20領域に分割したものである。以下の説明において、例えばパンチ底部P1の領域iを領域P1-iと表記する。
スプリングバック解析手段15は、プレス成形解析手段13で得られた離型前の形状情報、応力分布、ひずみ分布、および与えられた物性値に基づいてスプリングバック解析を行い、離型後のスプリングバック量を取得するものである。スプリングバック量としては、例えば、図5(a)に示すように、ハット断面部品31の端部近傍の断面を評価断面(図5(a)中のA-A断面)として、評価断面における離型前のハット断面部品31(図5(b)中に破線で示す)のパンチ底部P1と離型後のハット断面部品31(図5(b)中に実線で示す)のパンチ底部P1とのなす角度(ねじれ角度θ(°))等が挙げられる。ねじれ角度θ(°)が大きいことは評価断面におけるねじれが大きいことを意味する。上記では端部近傍の断面を評価断面としたが、他の部位の断面を評価断面にしてもよい。また、上記ではスプリングバック量としてねじれ角度を例に挙げたが、他の例としてフランジ部F1やフランジ部F2の外方への曲がり量等をスプリングバック量としてもよい。
ヤング率変更手段19は、領域分割手段17で分割した領域の一部を弾性異方性材料モデルとして扱い、各方向のうち指定方向のみのヤング率を変更するものである。本発明においては弾性異方性材料モデルを扱うため、弾性異方性の定式化についての一例を以下に説明する。応力σとひずみεとの関係をε=Cσで表すとき、弾性異方性を考慮した弾性コンプライアンス(elastic compliance)Cは以下の式(1)のように表される。
スプリングバック量差取得手段21は、ヤング率を変更せずに行ったスプリングバック解析の結果とヤング率変更手段19によってヤング率を変更して行ったスプリングバック解析の結果とを比較して、スプリングバック量差を取得するものである。
スプリングバック要因特定手段23は、スプリングバック量差取得手段21で得られた複数のスプリングバック量差を比較し、比較結果に基づいてスプリングバックの要因の残留応力の領域およびその残留応力の方向として特定する。例えば、スプリングバック要因特定手段23は、スプリングバック量差を比較し、最大スプリングバック量差を取得した選択領域および指定方向をスプリングバック要因の残留応力の領域およびその残留応力の方向として特定してもよい。
以上のように構成された本実施の形態のスプリングバック要因特定装置1を用いたスプリングバック要因特定方法の処理の流れについて、図1に示すフローチャートに基づいて、必要な図を適宜参照しながら説明する。以下の説明においては、解析対象となるプレス成形品の一例として、図3に示すハット断面部品31を挙げ、ハット断面部品31のスプリングバック要因を特定する。
まず、プレス成形解析手段13が、プレス成形品の離型前の形状、残留応力分布、およびひずみ分布を取得する。
次いで、スプリングバック解析手段15が、プレス成形解析工程S1で取得したプレス成形品の離型前の形状、残留応力分布、およびひずみ分布に基づいてスプリングバック解析を行い、離型後のスプリングバック量を取得する。解析を行うにあたっては、スプリングバック解析手段15は等方性ヤング率を使用する。本実施の形態では、スプリングバック解析手段15は、スプリングバック量として図5(b)を用いて説明したねじれ角度(torsion angle)θ(°)を取得する。本ステップで取得したねじれ角度をθA(°)とする。
次いで、領域分割手段17が、プレス成形解析工程S1で取得したプレス成形品の形状を複数の形状に分割する。本実施の形態では、例として、領域分割手段17は、ハット断面部品31を図4に示すように20領域に分割する。
次いで、ヤング率変更手段19が、領域分割工程S5によって分割されたプレス成形品の領域のうちの任意の領域を選択し、選択された領域の指定方向のヤング率を変更する。こうすることによって、プレス成形品が弾性異方性を有するようになる。本実施の形態では、例として、ヤング率変更手段19は、ヤング率を変更する方向を図6(a)に示すx方向とし、指定した方向のヤング率Exxを2倍に変更するものとした。
次いで、スプリングバック解析手段15が、ヤング率変更工程S7でヤング率が変更されたプレス成形品について、プレス成形解析工程S1で取得したプレス成形品の形状、残留応力分布、およびひずみ分布に基づいてスプリングバック解析を行い、プレス成形品の離型後のスプリングバック量を選択領域毎かつ指定方向毎に取得する。本実施の形態では、例として、スプリングバック解析手段15は、スプリングバック量としてねじれ角度θB(°)を取得する。
次いで、スプリングバック量差取得手段21が、第1スプリングバック解析工程S3で取得されたスプリングバック量と第2スプリングバック解析工程S9で取得された選択領域毎かつ指定方向毎のスプリングバック量とを比較し、選択領域毎かつ指定方向毎のスプリングバック量差を取得する。本実施の形態では、例として、スプリングバック量差取得手段21は、第1スプリングバック解析工程S3で得られたねじれ角度θA(°)と第2スプリングバック解析工程S9で得られた選択領域毎かつ指定方向毎のねじれ角度θB(°)とを比較し、選択領域毎かつ指定方向毎のねじれ角度差(°)を取得する。
次いで、スプリングバック要因特定手段23が、スプリングバック量差取得工程S11で取得された全てのスプリングバック量差を比較し、最大スプリングバック量差を取得した選択領域および指定方向を、スプリングバック要因の残留応力の領域およびその残留応力の方向として特定する。
W1,W2 縦壁部
P1 パンチ底部
1 スプリングバック要因特定装置
3 表示装置
5 入力装置
7 主記憶装置
9 補助記憶装置
11 演算処理部
13 プレス成形解析手段
15 スプリングバック解析手段
17 領域分割手段
19 ヤング率変更手段
21 スプリングバック量差取得手段
23 スプリングバック要因特定手段
31 ハット断面部品
Claims (8)
- 計算機によって行うプレス成形品のスプリングバック要因特定方法であって、
プレス成形解析によって前記プレス成形品の離型前の形状、残留応力分布、およびひずみ分布を取得するプレス成形解析工程と、
前記プレス成形解析工程で取得した前記プレス成形品の形状、残留応力分布、およびひずみ分布に基づいてスプリングバック解析を行い、前記プレス成形品の離型後のスプリングバック量を取得する第1スプリングバック解析工程と、
前記プレス成形解析工程で取得した前記プレス成形品の形状を複数領域に分割する領域分割工程と、
前記領域分割工程によって分割された前記プレス成形品の領域のうちの任意の領域を選択し、選択された領域の指定方向のヤング率を変更するヤング率変更工程と、
前記ヤング率変更工程でヤング率が変更された前記プレス成形品について、前記プレス成形工程で取得した前記プレス成形品の形状、残留応力分布、およびひずみ分布に基づいてスプリングバック解析を行い、前記プレス成形品の離型後のスプリングバック量を前記選択領域毎かつ前記指定方向毎に取得する第2スプリングバック解析工程と、
前記第1スプリングバック解析工程で取得されたスプリングバック量と、前記第2スプリングバック解析工程で取得された前記選択領域毎かつ前記指定方向毎のスプリングバック量とを比較して、前記選択領域毎かつ前記指定方向毎のスプリングバック量差を取得するスプリングバック量差取得工程と、
前記スプリングバック量差取得工程で取得された前記スプリングバック量差を比較し、比較結果に基づいてスプリングバックの要因の残留応力およびその残留応力の方向を特定するスプリングバック要因特定工程と、
を含むことを特徴とするスプリングバック要因特定方法。 - 前記スプリングバック要因特定工程は、取得された全ての前記スプリングバック量差を比較し、最大スプリングバック量差を取得した前記選択領域および前記指定方向をスプリングバックの要因の残留応力およびその残留応力の方向として特定することを特徴とする請求項1に記載のスプリングバック要因特定方法。
- 前記ヤング率変更工程におけるヤング率の変更は、式(1)のExx、Eyy、Ezzのいずれかのヤング率の値を2倍以上または1/2倍以下にすることによって行うことを特徴とする請求項3に記載のスプリングバック要因特定方法。
- 計算機によって行うプレス成形品のスプリングバック要因特定装置であって、
プレス成形解析によって前記プレス成形品の離型前の形状、残留応力分布、およびひずみ分布を取得するプレス成形解析手段と、
前記プレス成形品の形状、残留応力分布、およびひずみ分布に基づいてスプリングバック解析を行い、前記プレス成形品の離型後のスプリングバック量を取得するスプリングバック解析手段と、
前記プレス成形品の形状を複数領域に分割する領域分割手段と、
前記領域分割手段によって分割された前記プレス成形品の領域のうちの任意の領域を選択し、選択された領域の指定方向のヤング率を変更するヤング率変更手段と、
前記スプリングバンク解析手段が取得したスプリングバック量同士を比較することによってスプリングバック量差を取得するスプリングバック量差取得手段と、
複数の前記スプリングバック量差を比較し、比較結果に基づいてスプリングバックの要因の残留応力およびその残留応力の方向を特定するスプリングバック要因特定手段と、
を備えることを特徴とするスプリングバック要因特定装置。 - 前記スプリングバック要因特定手段は、複数の前記スプリングバック量差を比較し、最大スプリングバック量差を取得した前記選択領域および前記指定方向をスプリングバックの要因の残留応力および残留応力の方向として特定することを特徴とする請求項5に記載のスプリングバック要因特定装置。
- 前記ヤング率変更手段におけるヤング率の変更は、式(1)のExx、Eyy、Ezzのいずれかのヤング率の値を2倍以上または1/2倍以下にすることによって行うことを特徴とする請求項7に記載のスプリングバック要因特定装置。
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CN104111134A (zh) * | 2014-06-27 | 2014-10-22 | 深圳职业技术学院 | 拉拔力检测仪及其测试方法 |
CN113727790A (zh) * | 2019-04-25 | 2021-11-30 | 杰富意钢铁株式会社 | 回弹量偏差主因部位确定方法及装置 |
CN113727790B (zh) * | 2019-04-25 | 2023-03-28 | 杰富意钢铁株式会社 | 回弹量偏差主因部位确定方法及装置 |
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CN104602836B (zh) | 2016-08-31 |
US20150168240A1 (en) | 2015-06-18 |
EP2902127A1 (en) | 2015-08-05 |
JP6060591B2 (ja) | 2017-01-18 |
CN104602836A (zh) | 2015-05-06 |
IN2015DN00614A (ja) | 2015-06-26 |
KR101670292B1 (ko) | 2016-10-28 |
KR20150027283A (ko) | 2015-03-11 |
US10012555B2 (en) | 2018-07-03 |
EP2902127B1 (en) | 2021-10-06 |
EP2902127A4 (en) | 2016-07-06 |
JP2014065056A (ja) | 2014-04-17 |
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