WO2014044256A1

WO2014044256A1 - Propellant charge loader, weapon and method for loading propellant charges

Info

Publication number: WO2014044256A1
Application number: PCT/DE2013/100337
Authority: WO
Inventors: Georg Scheidemann
Original assignee: Krauss-Maffei Wegmann Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority date: 2012-09-19
Filing date: 2013-09-18
Publication date: 2014-03-27
Also published as: EP2898281A1; ES2611969T3; DE102012108834A1; EP2898281B1

Abstract

The invention relates to a propellant charge loader comprising a feed slide (6) which can be moved linearly along a loading direction (A) in order to feed propellant charges (8) into a loaded position in the loading compartment (103) of a weapon barrel (101), and comprising a retaining element (601) that is movably mounted on the feed slide (6) and that secures the position of the propellant charges (8) in their loaded position. The invention further relates to a weapon comprising a weapon barrel (101) and a propellant charge loader (2) with a feed slide (6) which can be moved linearly in order to feed propellant charges (8) into a loaded position in the loading compartment (103) of a weapon barrel (101), said loader comprising a retaining element (601) that is movably mounted on the feed slide (6) and that secures the position of the propellant charges (8) in their loaded position. A further object of the invention is a method for loading propellant charges (8) into the loading compartment (103) of a weapon barrel (101), in which method the propellant charges (8) are fed by means of a linearly movable feed slide (6) into a loaded position in the loading compartment (103) and a retaining element (601) located on the feed slide (6) is moved, in order to secure the position of the propellant charges (8) in their loaded position.

Description

Propellant charge, weapon and

Method for applying propellant charges

The invention relates to a propellant charge applicator with a linearly movable along a Ansetzrichtung feed slide for supplying propellant charges in a scheduled position in the cargo space of a gun barrel. Another object of the invention is a weapon with such a propellant charge piecemeal. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for applying propellant charges in a cargo space of a gun barrel, wherein the propellant charges are fed via a linearly movable feed slider in a scheduled position in the cargo space. Especially in the field of large-caliber guns, such as artillery guns, divided ammunition is usually used, which consists of the actual projectile and ignitable to speed up the projectile propellant charges. In contrast to cartridged ammunition, the projectile and the propellant charges are introduced separately from one another into the weapon barrel of the weapon, so that it is possible to vary the amount of propellant depending on the situation.

For attaching the propellant charges in the gun barrel are usually propellant charge application used, which have a movable in Ansetzrichtung feed slider, through which the propellants are pushed from behind into the cargo space of the gun barrel.

Due to the spatial conditions of the cargo space of conventional gun tube, it is usually not possible to introduce the feeding slide in the cargo space. Rather, the movement of the feed slider is stopped abruptly in front of the rear end of the gun barrel, so that the accelerated over the feed slider propellant move solely due to the inertia of their mass in their scheduled position in the interior of the cargo space.

Such propellant charge can bring the propellant charges at high speed in the gun barrel, creating a quick firing with the weapon is possible. A disadvantage of such propellant charges, however, is that the propellant charges after insertion into the Waf- fenrohr due to the lack of contact with the feed slide can slip back out of the gun barrel out, which can be a problem especially at larger elevation angles of the gun barrel. The invention therefore has the task of preventing the propellant from slipping out of its set position in the weapon barrel.

In a propellant charge applicator of the type mentioned above, the object is achieved by a retainer movably arranged on the feed slider for securing the position of the propellant charges in their attached position.

In order to prevent the propellant charges from sliding out of the weapon barrel after being introduced into the weapon barrel, the retainer can be moved in the direction of the propellant charges. About the retainer, the

Propellant charges are kept in their scheduled position in the cargo space of the weapon, so that even with large elevation angles unintentional slipping out is not to be feared. An advantageous embodiment provides that the retainer is pivotally articulated to the feed slider, so that the retainer can be activated with a pivoting movement.

It is particularly advantageous if the retainer can be transferred from a retracted feed position into a set-up restraint position. In the feed position of the retainer, the propellant charges can be introduced via the feed slider in the barrel. In the erected restraint position, the retainer may protrude in the manner of a holding finger of the feed slider. In this position, the retainer protrudes into the cargo space of the weapon and the propellant charges are held by attachment to the retainer in the cargo space of the gun barrel.

Preferably, the feed slide on a thrust surface over which the propellant charges can be pushed in the direction of attachment. The retainer can be folded in the feed position such that it forms at least a portion of the thrust surface. In the restraint position, the retainer can project from the feed slider such that only the retainer but not the feed slider is in contact with the propellant charges.

A further advantageous embodiment provides that the retainer, in particular via a spring, is biased in the direction of the retracted feed position. About the bias, the movement of the retainer can be generated in the direction of the feed position. It is therefore not necessary to provide drive elements for pivoting the retainer from the restraint position into the feed position.

In the case of a retainer hinged to the feed slider, it has also proved to be advantageous if the retainer can be pivoted by an angle of more than 90 ° in order to transfer from the feed position to the retainer position. In the restraint position, the retainer and the thrust surface of the feed slider may include an obtuse angle so that the retainer can not be pivoted back into the retracted feed position by the propellant charges applied against the retainer.

It is also advantageous if the retainer protrudes beyond the propellant charge receptacle in the restraint position in the attachment direction. By the supernatant can be achieved that the retainer extends into the cargo space of the gun tube and can hold the propellant charges in the gun barrel.

It is constructively advantageous if the feed slide is guided in a guide in the propellant charge receptacle. About the leadership of the feed slide be forced in its movement in a linear path of movement along the Ansetzrichtung.

Also advantageous is an embodiment with an erection device, via which the movement of the feed slider can be transferred in an erecting movement of the retainer. About the Aufstellinrichtung the movement of the feeder can be used to set up the retainer. The erection device is preferably designed without drive, so that it is not necessary to provide a separate drive for setting up the retainer.

In this case, it is particularly preferred if the raising movement can be triggered via a triggering element arranged on the propellant charge receptacle. The triggering element can be arranged on the propellant charge receptacle in such a way that the raising movement is automatically triggered when the supply pusher reaches the triggering element.

In addition, it is advantageous if the trigger element is arranged in the end region of the feed path described by the feed movement of the feed slide, so that the raising movement of the retainer can be initiated in the end region of the feed path. It can thus be prevented that the retainer already sets up during the feed movement of the feed slide and possibly damage the propellant charges. A further advantageous embodiment provides that on the retainer, a coupling element, in particular a rope, is connected in such a way that the triggering element can engage in the coupling element for setting up the retainer. The coupling element can be jointly movable with the feed slide in such a way that, when the triggering element is reached, it is in contact with the triggering element. ment and initiates the erection movement. When designed as a rope coupling element, it is particularly advantageous if the trigger element is designed in the manner of a roll. The moving rope can be caught and stretched over the roller. Due to the tension of the rope, the retainer can be set up.

It has also proven to be advantageous if an overload protection is provided for the trigger element, so that an excessive force acting on the trigger element can not damage the trigger element.

Preferably, the triggering element is arranged movable in the direction of attachment against the force of a spring. By the spring, the force acting on the trigger element can be damped. The triggering element can be arranged on a support which is movable relative to the propellant charge receptacle and which is mounted spring-damped.

Embodiments of the propellant charge converter will first be described below, which relate to further details of the mobility of the propellant charge intake, before then to further aspects of the

Propellant such as a guide plate will be received.

It is advantageous if the propellant charge receptacle on an elevation adjustment element for adjustment of the elevation position of the weapon barrel is arranged to be translationally movable transversely to the attachment direction relative to the elevation adjustment element. About the elevation adjustment, the position of the propellant charge can be adapted to the elevation of the weapon barrel, so that the propellant charges can be applied in different directions of the weapon. Due to the translational mobility of the propellant charge absorption, this can be compared to the elevation Adjustment can be moved straight from a position behind the gun barrel into a position next to the weapon and vice versa. Therefore, the movement of the propellant charge intake requires a much smaller space than is the case when pivoting the propellant charge, which is why the propellant charge can be used even in confined spaces.

Particularly advantageous is an embodiment in which the propellant charge receptacle is arranged to be movable perpendicular to the Ansetzrichtung, which results in addition to structural advantages, a short way the propellant charge from the position behind the weapon in the position next to the weapon.

A structurally advantageous embodiment of the propellant charge applicator provides that the elevation adjusting element is designed in the manner of a pivoting jib. By pivoting the pivot arm, the orientation of the propellant charge receptacle can be tracked to the directional position of the weapon barrel.

Preferably, the elevation adjustment element is pivotable about a pivot axis extending horizontally. To the horizontal pivot axis, the elevation adjuster can be directed in elevation and thus the propellant charge recording easily be adjusted. Particularly preferably, the pivot axis of the elevation adjusting element corresponds to the elevation axis of the weapon barrel, resulting in a coaxial arrangement. An offset between the pivot axes of the gun barrel and the Elevationsnach- actuating element is avoided, which has proven to be advantageous especially in terms of control technology.

Furthermore, it has proven to be advantageous if the propellant charge intake is connected via a movement connected to the elevation adjustment element. is movable translationally. By the connection of the movement means to the elevation adjustment element, the movement means is directed together with the Treiblandungsaufnahme on the elevation adjustment in elevation. In addition, the propellant charge uptake can be moved linearly by means of the movement means relative to the elevation adjustment element, in particular in a direction parallel to the pivot axis of the elevation adjustment element, wherein the elevation movement and the transverse movement can also overlap to realize short loading times. With regard to the actual piecing process, it has proven to be advantageous if the propellant charge receptacle is designed to be movable in the attachment direction. Due to the movement of the propellant charge intake in the direction of attachment, the propellant charges can be brought from a lying behind a bottom piece of the weapon position directly to the cargo space of the weapon. Here, the propellant charge can be moved by a provided in the bottom of the gun opening up to the cargo space of the weapon zoom, to then allow insertion of the propellant charges from the propellant charge in the gun barrel. In this context, it is preferred if the movement means connected to the elevation adjustment element is arranged movably in the attachment direction along the adjustment element. The movability of the movement means along the elevation adjustment element is advantageous insofar as the propellant charge absorption can be moved via the movement means both transversely to the attachment direction and in the attachment direction.

In order to shorten the duration of the piecing process, means are advantageously provided for increasing the relative speed of the propellant charge intake in the direction of attachment relative to the elevation adjuster. Via the means for increasing the relative speed, it can be achieved that the relative speed of the propellant charge receptacle relative to the elevation adjuster element in the attachment direction is greater than the corresponding relative speed of the motive means. The propellant charges taken up in the propellant charge charge can therefore be introduced into the weapon barrel with a greater speed compared to the movement of the motive means, as a result of which short piecing times can be achieved.

It is particularly advantageous if the movement means has a lifting table for generating a lifting movement and a drive for actuating the lifting table. About the lift table, the propellant charge can be easily moved translationally. The propellant charge receptacle can be coupled to the lifting side of the lifting table, which is translationally movable relative to the drive side of the lifting table coupled to the drive.

In this context, an embodiment is advantageous in which the drive is connected via switching means to the lifting table in such a way that the lifting table is both actuatable and linearly movable via the drive. Two independent movements can be carried out via the lifting table. By actuating the lifting table, the lifting side of the lifting table coupled to the propellant charge receptacle can be moved translationally relative to the drive side coupled to the elevation adjusting element. In addition, the lift table can be moved linearly, wherein the lift side and the drive side are moved in a common direction. Since the actuation of the lifting table and the linear movement of the lifting table are carried out via the same drive, it is not necessary to provide a plurality of separate drives for actuating and moving the lifting table, resulting in an overall simple structure. In this context, it is preferred if the connection of the drive with the lifting table is designed such that the lifting table is movable transversely to its stroke direction. As a result, the propellant charge receptacle coupled to the lifting side of the lifting table can be moved in two mutually independent spatial directions.

Particularly preferably, the connection of the drive with the lifting table is designed such that the lifting table is movable as a unit. The lift table can be actuated via the drive as well as moved linearly as a whole.

In this case, an embodiment has proven to be advantageous in which the connection of the drive with the lifting table is designed such that the lifting table is either actuated or movable. The drive can either move only the stroke side of the lift table in the stroke direction or linearly move the lift table as a unit. About the switching means can be switched between the actuation of the lifting table and the movement of the lifting table. Preferably, the switching can take place automatically in an end position of the lifting movement of the lifting table, so that it is not necessary to initiate the switching from the outside, for example via a control signal. Alternatively, the connection of the drive with the lifting table can be designed such that the lifting table can be actuated and moved simultaneously, whereby non-linear courses of movement of the lifting side of the lifting table can be realized.

In connection with the lifting table, it has also proven to be advantageous if the lifting table has two scissor arms whose drive-side end is coupled to the switching means. The scissor arms can be pivotably connected to one another, so that the lifting movement of the lifting table can be achieved by a pivotal movement of the scissor arms relative to one another. can be witnessed. The movement of the scissor arms can be controlled via the switching means coupled on the drive side.

In this case, it is advantageous if the drive-side end of a first scissor arm can be fixed translationally. The first scissor arm can be set translationally for actuating the lifting table, so that the pivoting of a second scissor arm relative to the first, fixed scissor arm triggers a lifting movement. It is also advantageous if the drive-side end of the second scissor arm is translationally movable. If the drive-side end of the first scissor arm is fixed, the scissors can be closed and the lifting movement of the lifting table can be generated by translatory movement of the drive-side end of the second scissor arm. Preferably, the drive-side end of the second scissor arm is coupled via a spindle to the drive, so that the drive-side end of the second scissor arm can be moved translationally along the spindle.

The fixing of the drive-side end of the first scissor arm is preferably detachable. By releasing the fixing, the drive-side end of the first scissor arm can be released for translational movement, whereby it is possible to move the lift table as a whole linearly.

Particularly preferably, the ends of the scissor arms are designed for linear movement of the lifting table against each other fixable. After releasing the fixing of the drive-side end of the first scissor arm, the drive-side end of the first scissor arm can be fixed relative to the drive-side end of the second scissor arm. The drive-side ends of the scissors Arms can then be moved together with a fixed distance translational, so that the lift table is moved linearly as a unit.

With regard to the movement of the lifting table, it has also proved to be advantageous if the movement of the ends of the scissor arms is guided in a drive-side guide, so that the ends perform a guided linear movement upon actuation of the drive.

A further advantageous embodiment provides that the switching means comprise a first form-fitting element, in particular a claw, for fixing the first scissor arm to the drive side of the movement means. The first form-fitting element can be positively connected to the end of the first scissor arm or to an element connected to the end of the first scissor arm, for example a guide element, in order to translate the first scissor arm to a fixed point. The first scissor arm can be pivotably coupled to the guide element, so that the first scissor arm can be pivoted in spite of the translational fixing for actuating the lifting table. Preferably, the switching means further comprise a second positive locking element, in particular also a claw, which is arranged to be movable together with the drive-side end of the second scissor arm. About the second positive locking element, the drive-side ends of the two scissor arms for linear movement of the lifting table can be coupled together. For this purpose, the second form-fitting element can be connected to the drive-side end of the first scissor arm or to an element connected to the end of the first scissor arm, for example a guide element, in the manner of a driver. However, the connection is tion between the first positive locking element and the first scissor arm to solve.

Furthermore, the first positive locking element can be latched to the first scissor arm.

Preferably, the latching via the second positive locking element is releasable. For example, the second positive locking element can for this purpose be approximated to the first positive locking element, in order thereby to release the latching of the first scissor arm.

In order to prevent tilting of the propellant charges during attachment to the feed slide, the propellant charge receptacle may have a guide for the propellant charges.

To guide the propellant charges, it has also proven to be advantageous if the propellant charge applicator has a guide element for guiding the propellant charges during feeding into their set position, which is arranged relative to the propellant charge intake in the attachment direction. The propellant charge can be moved through a narrow opening in the tail of the weapon to the cargo space of the gun tube zoom. When introducing the propellant charge receptacle into the end piece, the guide element can be moved backwards in the direction of attachment relative to the propellant charge receptacle such that the guide element remains outside the end piece. It is therefore possible to introduce the propellant charges through a relatively narrow opening of the tail up to the cargo space, wherein the movements of the propellant charges are always guided in Ansetzrichtung. In the following, further advantageous embodiments of the

Propellant charge applicator are described, which relate to the particular designed as a guide plate guide element. It is advantageous if the guide element has a guide surface extending parallel to the attachment direction. The propellant charges moved in the direction of attachment can be guided in the direction of attachment via the guide surface. Furthermore, it is advantageous if the guide element is movably mounted on a guide axis arranged parallel to the attachment direction. By movement along the guide axis, the guide element can be moved translationally parallel to the Ansetzrichtung. Preferably, the guide element is arranged to pivot with respect to the propellant charge receptacle, so that the guide element for introducing propellant charges into the propellant charge receptacle can be pivoted relative to the propellant charge receptacle. In this context, it has proven to be structurally advantageous if the guide element is pivotally mounted about the guide axis. The guide shaft thus has a double function, since the guide axle serves as a guide for the movement in the direction of the attachment direction and at the same time as a bearing for the pivoting movement of the guide element relative to the drive load receptacle.

Particularly advantageous is an embodiment in which the guide element is pivotable against the force of a spring, so that the guide element is always biased by the spring in the direction of the propellant charge received in the propellant charge recording.

According to a structural design, the guide element can be shell-shaped and adapted to the radius of the propellant charges in such a way that a planar contact and thus good guidance results.

In a weapon of the type mentioned above, the object is achieved by a retainer movably arranged on the feed slider to secure the position of the propellant charges in their attached position.

In order to prevent the propellant charges from sliding out of the weapon barrel after being introduced into the barrel, the retainer can be moved in the direction of the propellant charges. About the retainer, the propellant charges can be kept in their scheduled position in the cargo space of the weapon, so that even with large elevation angles unintentional slipping out is not to be feared.

In a method of the type mentioned in the introduction, the object is achieved by moving a retainer arranged on the feed slide to secure the position of the propellant charges in their set position.

In order to prevent the propellant charges from sliding out of the weapon barrel after being introduced into the weapon barrel, the retainer is moved in the direction of the propellant charges. About the retainer, the propellant charges can be kept in their scheduled position in the cargo space of the weapon, so that even with large elevation angles unintentional slipping out is not to be feared. All of the features described above in connection with the propellant charge applicator can be used alone or in combination also in the weapon or the method according to the invention. Further advantages and details of the propellant charge applicator, the weapon and the method for applying propellant charges will be described below with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawings. 1 shows a propellant charge applicator in perspective view,

2 shows a weapon with a propellant charge applicator according to FIG. 1 in a perspective view, FIG. 3 shows a view corresponding to the representation in FIG. 2 viewed from the other side,

4 to 8 show the weapon according to FIG. 2 in perspective detailed views for illustrating the piecing process,

9 shows the propellant charge applicator according to FIG. 1 in a perspective view

10 shows a perspective detailed view of the propellant charge applicator according to the representation in FIG. 9, in which the propellant charges are in their attached position in the cargo space of the weapon; FIG.

Fig. 11 the Zuführschieber the propellant charge piecemeal with

Retainer in perspective view, 12 is a view corresponding to the representation in FIG. 11 viewed from the other side,

13 shows the moving means of the propellant charge converter in perspective view,

14a the movement means according to FIG. 13 in a perspective view for illustrating the procedures for releasing the fixing of the first scissor arm, FIG.

FIG. 14b is a perspective view from another direction as shown in FIG. 14a; FIG.

15a, the movement means according to FIG. 13 in a perspective view for illustrating the movement of the lifting table, FIG.

FIG. 15b is a perspective view from another direction as shown in FIG. 15a; FIG.

16-18 show a propellant charge applicator in various perspective views, in which the propellant charge receptacle is in a position next to the weapon; FIGS. 19-20 show a propellant charge applicator in various perspective views in which the propellant charge receptacle is behind the weapon barrel; 21-22 a propellant charge applicator in various perspective views to illustrate the movement of the propellant charge in the direction of the Ansetzrichtung. In Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 designed as an artillery gun, large-caliber weapon 1 is shown with a gun only 101 sections shown. The weapon 1 can be arranged, for example, on a military vehicle or a mobile or stationary weapon platform. In order to be able to direct the weapon barrel 101 in azimuth, such weapon barrels 101 are mounted in a rotatable carriage, for example a rotatable tower of a military vehicle. For straightening the weapon barrel 101 in elevation, this is mounted pivotably about an elevation direction axis E, which extends along a shield 105 of the weapon 1.

The weapon 1 is operated with divided ammunition, which consists of the actual projectile and stored separately from the projectile propellant charges 8. The projectile and the propellant charges 8 are introduced separately into the weapon barrel 101 of the weapon, so that it is possible to select the amount of propellant charge depending on the number of propellant charges 8 depending on the situation. In the embodiment, modular propellant charges 8 are used which have a cylindrical shape and can be plugged together in the axial direction. For attaching the propellant charges 8 in the gun barrel 101, ie for introducing the propellant charges 8 in the cargo space of the gun barrel 101, a propellant charge 2 is provided on the weapon 1, which is shown in detail in Fig. 1. The propellant charge converter 2 has a propellant charge receptacle 5, which is designed in the manner of a propellant charge shell and serves to receive a plurality of propellant charges 8. From the propellant charge intake 5, the propellant charges 8 can be introduced along the direction of attachment A into the weapon barrel 101. In order to be able to apply the propellant charges 8 independently of the elevation direction of the weapon barrel 101, it has the

Propellant charge applicator 2 on a propellant charge receptacle 5, which is the elevation direction of the gun barrel 101 nachzuführen. The propellant charge receptacle 5 is for this purpose connected to an elevation adjustment element 3. The elevation adjustment element 3 is designed in the manner of a pivot arm, which is articulated on the pivot 105 of the weapon 1. The elevation adjustment element 3 is mounted pivotably about the elevation direction axis E of the weapon 1. Therefore, the position of the propellant charge recording 5 of elevation direction of the gun barrel 1 can be tracked so that the attachment of propellant charges 8 regardless of the directional position of the gun barrel 101 is possible. It is also possible, at the same time to direct the gun barrel 101 and still apply the propellant charges 8 during the directional movement, which can be implemented very fast firing.

In order to introduce the propellant charges 8, for example, from a propellant charge magazine of a vehicle or a weapon platform into the propellant charge receiver 5, the propellant charge receiver 5 can be pivoted via the elevation adjuster 3 into a position in which the propellant charge 5 has a different position from the directional position of the weapon 1 , which will be explained in more detail below.

For pivoting the elevation adjusting element 3, the

Propellant charge applicator 2 a rotary actuator 300, the one on a drive motor 302 telescopic drive element 301 has. One end of the drive element 301 is connected to the elevation adjustment element 3 and the opposite end of the drive element 301 to the tower carrying the weapon 1. The elevation adjustment element 3 can via the

Rotary actuator 300 independently of the gun barrel 101 driven and pivoted.

For introducing the propellant charges 8 into the weapon barrel 101, an axially movable feed pusher 6 is arranged on the propellant charge receptacle 5. By moving the feed gate 6, the propellant charges 8 are conveyed along the direction of attachment A in the direction of the cargo space 103 of the weapon barrel 101, wherein the movement of the propellant charges 8 is guided via a guide element 7. On the feed slider 8 and the guide member 7 will be discussed in more detail.

2 and 3, the propellant charge receptacle 5 is in a position in the area next to the weapon 1. This position is taken to receive propellant charges 8 from a magazine or to release the area behind the gun barrel 101 for the return movement of the gun barrel 101. Because of the firing reaction forces occurring during the firing, a considerable recoil movement of the barrel 101 and the bottom piece 102 of the weapon 1 located in the area behind the gun barrel results. In order to prevent damage to the propellant charge applicator 2, the propellant charge receptacle 5 therefore assumes the position before firing converted according to FIGS. 2 and 3.

Before discussing further details of the propellant charge converter 2, the processes for attaching the propellant charges 8 into the charge space 103 of the weapon 1 will be briefly outlined below with reference to FIGS. 4-9. First, the position of the propellant charge receptacle 5 is adjusted by pivoting the elevation adjusting element 3 to the elevation direction of the weapon barrel 101. From the position shown in FIG. 4 next to the weapon 1 or next to the weapon barrel 101, the propellant charge receptacle 5 is subsequently moved into the position shown in FIG. 5 behind the weapon barrel 101. Starting from this position, the propellant charge receiver 5 is then moved in the direction of the Ansetzrichtung A of the propellant charges 8. As can be seen in FIGS. 6 and 7, the propellant charge receptacle 5 is guided through an opening 104 of the bottom piece 102 as far as the cargo space of the weapon 1. In a further step, the propellant charges are then transported via the feed slide 6 in the cargo space, see. 8 and 9.

In order to be able to transfer the propellant charge receptacle 5 from the position next to the weapon 1 into the position behind the weapon barrel 101 and vice versa in cramped installation situations, the propellant charge receptacle 5 is arranged to be translationally movable transversely to the attachment direction A relative to the elevation adjuster element 3.

The propellant charge receptacle 5 can be transferred directly in a straight line from the position behind the weapon barrel 101 into the position next to the weapon 1 and vice versa. In particular, this offers an advantage over those solutions which provide pivoting of the propellant charge receptacle 5 from the position behind the weapon barrel 101 into the position next to the weapon barrel 101, since only a substantially cubic clearance is required for the movement of the propellant charge receptacle 5.

In the case of the propellant charge converter 2 shown in FIG

translational movement of the propellant charge receptacle 5 with respect to the elevation adjuster element 3 via an adjuster connected to the elevation adjustment element 3 Bound Movement Means 4. The movement means 4 is connected to the elevation adjustment element 3 in such a way that the propellant charge receptacle 5 can be linearly moved from the position shown in FIG. 4 next to the weapon 1 into the position shown in FIG. 5, from which the propellant charges 8 can be introduced in the direction of insertion A in the barrel 101.

The moving means 4 has as an essential element a lifting table 400 for generating a lifting movement and a drive 410 for actuating the lifting table 400, which will be explained in more detail below with reference to the illustrations in FIGS. 4 to 9.

In the position shown in FIG. 4, the propellant charge receiver 5 of the propellant charge applicator 2 is initially in a position next to the weapon 1. In this position, the propellant charges 8 can be inserted by hand or via an automatic supply from a propellant charge magazine into the propellant charge receptacle 5. In this case, it is not necessary to completely equip the propellant charge receptacle 5 with a total of six propellant charges 8 in the exemplary embodiment. Rather, fewer propellant charges 8 can be introduced into the propellant charge receptacle 5.

In order to facilitate the introduction of the propellant charges 8 in the propellant charge receptacle 5, the guide member 7 is pivotally hinged to the propellant charge receptacle 5. For fitting the propellant charge receptacle 5 against the force of a spring 700, the guide element 7 can be pivoted laterally to provide the required space for inserting the propellant charges 8. On the guide element 7, a nose 701 is provided, via which the guide element 7 can be pivoted. The nose 701 may, for. B. interact with an opening element not shown in the figures. In order to transfer the propellant charge intake 5 together with the propellant charges 8 into a position behind the bottom piece 102 of the weapon 1, the movement means 4 is actuated. In this case, the lifting table 400 of the moving means 4 is extended via the drive 410. The arranged on the lifting side of the lifting table 400 propellant charge receptacle 5 is thereby translationally moved in a small space in a direction of movement B, which is aligned perpendicular to the Ansetzrichtung A of the propellant charges 8. From the position shown in Fig. 5 behind the bottom piece 102 of the weapon 1, the propellant charge receptacle 5 is then moved in Ansetzrichtung A on the bottom piece 102 to. For moving the propellant charge receptacle 5 in the attachment direction A, the movement means 4 is moved linearly along the elevation adjustment element 3. The moving means 4 or the lifting table 400 is moved as a unit together with the arranged on this propellant charge receptacle 5 in Ansetzrichtung A.

It should be emphasized in this connection that the drive 410 is connected to the lifting table 400 via switching means which will be described in more detail below, such that the lifting table 400 can be actuated both linearly and linearly via the drive 410. translatory, is movable. This has the advantage that only one drive 410 is required for actuating the lifting table 400 and for moving the lifting table 400 along the elevation adjusting element 3. The propellant charge converter 2 has only one drive 410 for moving the drive charging receptacle 5 in the attachment direction A and transversely to the attachment direction A, resulting in a simple structure.

The connection between the drive 410 and the lifting table 400 is designed such that the lifting table 400 can be moved transversely to its stroke direction B. is. The lifting table 400 can be moved linearly as a unit via the drive 410. For this purpose, switching means are provided, via which the lifting table 400 is connected to the drive 410. The switching means for connecting the drive 410 with the lifting table 400 are designed such that the lifting table 400 is either actuated or movable, which will be discussed in more detail below.

In the illustrations according to FIGS. 6 and 7, the propellant charge receptacle 5 is in a position in which it is partially driven into the bottom piece 102 through an opening 104 in the bottom piece 102. In this position, the propellant charge receptacle 5 is moved up through the bottom piece 102 to the rear end of the weapon barrel 101, so that the propellant charge receptacle 5 bears directly against the charge chamber end of the weapon barrel 101. Starting from this position, the propellant charges 8 can be pushed over the feed slide 6 from the propellant charge receptacle 5 into the charge space 104.

As the illustrations in Figs. 6 and 7 can be further seen, the propellant charges 2 has a guide element 7, over which the Treibla- fertilize 8 are held and guided during their movement in Ansetzrichtung A in the propellant charge receptacle 5. The guide element 7 is arranged relative to the propellant charge receptacle 5 in the attachment direction A, so that it can be moved when inserting the propellant charge receptacle 5 into the bottom piece 102 with respect to the propellant charge receptacle 5 and thus remain outside the bottom piece 102. Further details of the guide element 7 will be described in more detail.

The feeding of the propellant charges 8 in their scheduled position in which they are in the interior of the cargo space 103 of the gun barrel 101 with a are at the propellant charge applicator 2 via the in the propellant charge receiving 5 axially guided feed slide 6, which from the position shown in Fig. 6 at the rear end of the propellant charge receiver 5 in the position shown in Fig. 8 and 9 at the front, cargo space side end of the propellant charge receiver 5 is movable. About a provided on the feed slide 6 thrust surface the propellant charges 8 are pushed along the propellant charge receptacle 5 in Ansetzrichtung A in the cargo space. In this case, the propellant charges 8 are accelerated in such a way that they are brought into the charge space 103 of the weapon barrel 101 solely on account of their inertia without further action of the feed slide 6 beyond the charge space end of the propellant charge receptacle 5.

In order to prevent the propellant charges 8 from slipping back out of the gun barrel 101 from their attached position, a movably arranged retainer 601 is provided on the feed slider 6, via which the propellant charges 8 can be secured in position in their set position. As shown in FIG. 10, the retainer 601 is pivotably coupled to the feed slider 6 about a pivot axis R. The pivot axis R is located at the upper end of the feed slider 6. In the folded feed position, which is shown in Fig. 1, the retainer 601 is oriented substantially perpendicular to the Ansetzrichtung A. The retainer 601 is overall fork-shaped and has two prongs 608, 609. The tines 608, 609 are arranged in the feed position such that they form an enlargement of the thrust surface of the feed slide 6. The enlargement is due to the fact that the tines 608, 609 are in the feed position in the area adjacent to the thrust surface of the feed slide 6. The retainer 601 may be transferred from the retracted feed position to the erected retainer position shown in FIG. The pivoting angle between the feed position and the retaining position of the retainer 601 is more than 90 °. This has the advantage that the propellant charge 8 applied to the retainer 601 can not pivot the retainer 601 out of the retaining position in the direction of its feed position. The propellant charge 8 is prevented from collapsing the retainer 601.

In order to keep the propellant charges 8 in their attached position in the cargo space 103 of the weapon 1, the retainer 601 is further designed such that it protrudes forward in the restraint position on the propellant charge receptacle 5, see. It is therefore not necessary to move the feed slide 6 beyond the charge-space-side end of the propellant charge receptacle 5 in order to hold the propellant charges 8 in a defined position in the weapon barrel 101.

To set up the retainer 601, an erection device is provided on the feed slide 6, via which the movement of the feed slide 6 in the application direction A can be converted into an erection movement of the retainer 601. This erection device will be explained in more detail below, in particular with reference to FIGS.

The feed slide 6 is guided in a guide 503 of the propellant charge receptacle 5 along the attachment direction A and movable via a threaded spindle 507. For this purpose, the feed slide 6 has a guide slide 606 designed in the manner of a spindle nut, which is seated on the threaded spindle 507. The threaded spindle 507 is coupled to a drive 509, cf. Fig. 11 and 12. The drive 509 is fixedly connected to the propellant charge receiving 5. At the propellant charge receptacle 5, a trigger element 504 is also arranged, via which the raising movement of the retainer 601 can be triggered. The trigger element 504 is designed in the manner of a roller, by means of which a coupling element 602 designed as a cable and connected to the retainer 601 can be captured in the direction of attachment A during the movement of the feed slider 6. The coupling element 602 is connected to the retainer 601 in such a manner that the retainer 601 can be set up by pulling against the coupling element 602 against the force of a spring 603. As can be seen from FIG. 10, the coupling element 602 is fixed to the retainer 601 at a connection point 605 and extends over a deflection roller 604 as far as a further connection point 607 on the guide slide 606 of the feed slide 6, cf. Fig. 12.

The triggering element 504 is arranged on the propellant charge receptacle 5 in such a way that it can engage the cable 602 as soon as the cable 602 moved with the feed pusher 6 is moved into the region of the triggering element 504. The trigger element 504 captures the cable 602 as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, pulls on the cable 602 due to the relative movement, and thus adjusts the retainer 601. So that the setting-up operation of the retainer 601 takes place at the end of the feed path described by the feed movement of the feed slider 6, ie in the region of the charge chamber-side end of the propellant charge receiver 5, the trigger element 502 is arranged in the end region of the feed path. Furthermore, an overload protection for the trigger element 504 is provided. As can be seen from the illustration in FIG. 12, the trigger element 504 on the propellant charge receptacle 5 is not rigid, but movable against the force of a spring 506, arranged on the propellant charge receptacle 5. For this purpose, the triggering element 504 is arranged on a support 505, which in the attachment direction movable in the propellant charge receptacle 5 is guided. The trigger element 504 is movable together with the carrier 505 in the direction of attachment A against the force of a spring 506, which is designed as a tension spring. As a result, the force is limited to the trigger element 504 or the force applied by this to the cable 602 force.

In order to transfer the retainer 601 from the erected restraint position back into the feed position, the retainer 601 is biased in the direction of the retracted feed position. The prestressing takes place via a spring 603, which is designed in the manner of a torsion spring and is arranged coaxially to the pivot axis R of the retainer 601. Due to the bias, it is not necessary to provide a drive to move the retainer 601 from its retainer position to its feed position. Further details of the moving means 4 as well as the switching means 421, 422 provided on the moving means 4 for coupling the lifting table 400 to the drive 410 will be described below on the basis of the illustrations in FIGS. As shown in Fig. 13, the lift table 400 is formed as a scissors table. The lift table 400 has two scissor arms 401, 402 which are pivotally connected to each other and extend between a drive side and a lift side of the lift table 400. The lifting side of the lifting table 400 is coupled to the propellant charge receptacle 5 so that the propellant charge receptacle 5 can be moved linearly with respect to the drive side of the lifting table connected to the elevation adjuster 3. The stroke-side ends of the scissor arms 401 and 402 are pivotally mounted in the propellant charge receptacle 5 in each case in a sliding bearing 403, 404. The slide bearings 403, 404 are arranged linearly movable in the propellant charge receptacle 5, see FIG that the distance of the stroke-side ends of the scissor arms 401, 402 may change during the actuation of the lifting table 400.

The scissor arms 401, 402 are designed in the manner of double scissor arms, which each have two parallel arranged, over several axes 423, 424 interconnected legs. The two legs of the second scissor arm 402 are connected by a plate 405.

The drive side of the lift table 400 is located on the side of the elevation adjustment element 3. The drive-side ends of the scissor arms 401 and 402 are coupled to switching means 421, 422 to be described in more detail below, cf. FIG. 13.

The drive end of the first scissor arm 401 is pivotally mounted about an axis 423. The axis 423 is connected via a fork-like strut 409 with a guide element 425, which is linearly guided in the elevation readjustment element 3. On the guide element 425 a locking element designed as a bolt 426 is provided, in which in the position shown in FIG. 13, a positive locking element 421 engages latching. The form-fitting element 421 is designed in the manner of a claw, which encompasses the bolt 426. The interlocking element 421 is pivotally mounted in a bearing 308 which is fixedly connected to the elevation adjusting element 3. About the interlocking element 421, the drive-side end of the first scissor arm 401 can be set translationally with respect to the elevation readjustment element 3.

The drive-side end of the second scissor arm 402 is designed to be translationally movable. For this purpose, the scissor arm 402 is connected via an axle 424 to a spindle nut 412, which is mounted on a threaded spindle 411. sitting. The threaded spindle 411 is coupled to the drive 410. By moving the drive-side end of the second scissor arm 402 in the direction of the drive-side end of the first scissor arm 401 of the lifting table 400 can be actuated or the scissors are clamped. The end of the second scissors arm 402 is moved counter to the direction of attachment A. Here is the

From the position shown in FIG. 13, the lifting table is transferred to a position according to FIG. 14 a, in which the lifting side of the lifting table 400 is arranged away from the elevation adjustment element 3. In this position, the drive-side ends of the scissor arms 401, 402 are both in the region of a front side 304 of the elevation adjuster element 3. A plan view of the front side 304 corresponding to the side view in FIG. 14a is shown in FIG. 14b.

As will be described in detail below, the fixing of the drive side end of the first scissor arm 401 can be solved to move the lift table 400 as a whole.

For this purpose, the fixing of the first scissor arm 401 is achieved by the first positive locking element 421 via the second positive locking element 422. The second positive locking element 422 is biased by a spring 428 in a downwardly pivoted position. Due to the movement of the driving side end of the second scissor arm 402 toward the drive side end of the first scissor arm 401, the second interlocking member 422 comes into contact with the first interlocking member 421. The first interlocking member 412 has an inclined control surface 429 which is in contact with a bracket 432 of the second positive locking element occurs. In this case, the positive-locking element 421 is set up in such a way that it is lifted off the bolt 426 of the guide element 425. The locking of the first positive locking element 421 with the bolt 426 is released. The first scissor arm 421 is thus released for translational movement. In the same train the end of the first scissor arm 401 is fixed relative to the end of the second scissor arm 402. The second positive locking element 422 has a guide surface 430, which slides during the movement of the second positive locking element 422 in the direction of the first positive locking element 421 via the bolt 426. As a result, the second positive locking element 422 is pivoted upwardly and locked with the bolt 426. The ends of the scissor arms 401, 402 are fixed against each other and can be translated translationally with a defined distance. As soon as the ends of the two scissor arms 401, 402 are coupled to one another via the switching means 421, 422, the drive direction of the drive 410 is reversed. The lifting table 400 is moved via the drive 410 in the direction of attachment A. The movement of the ends of the scissor arms 401, 402 is guided on the drive side via the threaded spindle 411. The lift table 400 is pulled from the position shown in Fig. 14a to a position Fig. 15a. FIG. 15b shows a view corresponding to FIG. 15a on the end face 304 of the elevation adjustment element 3. It can be seen that the form-fit element 422 is in engagement with the bolt 426 of the guide element 425. The drive-side end of the first scissor arm 401 is thus moved via the second positive-locking element 422 in the direction of the drive 410.

The released first positive locking element 421 is biased by a spring 427 such that it is pressed in a downwardly pivoted position, see. Fig. 15a. In order to lock the first positive locking element 421 again with the bolt 426 of the guide element 425, it is necessary to reverse the drive direction of the drive 410 again and thus to move the lifting table 400 in the direction of the first positive locking element 421. When retracting the lifting table 400 against the Ansetzrichtung A, the second positive locking element 422 is guided with its control surface 430 on the bracket 431 of the first positive locking element 421, whereby the second positive locking element 422 is pivoted upwards and thus solved the locking of the second positive locking element 422 with the bolt 426 becomes. At the same time, the first positive locking element 421 is guided via its control surface 429 via the bolt 426 and pivoted upwards. The positive-locking element 421 latches with the bolt 426 and fixes the drive-side end of the first scissor arm 421 to the elevation adjustment element 3.

As already described above, the propellant charge receptacle 5 is movably arranged in the attachment direction A on the elevation adjustment element 3. In order to increase the relative speed of the propellant charge receptacle 5 in the direction of attachment A with respect to the elevation adjustment element 3, means for increasing the relative speed are provided in the propellant charge applicator 2, which are to be described in detail below.

The increase in the relative velocity takes place at the

Propellant charge applicator 2 according to the embodiment via arranged between the elevation readjustment element 3 and the propellant charge receiving 5 ropes 451 and 452, which are shown in detail in FIGS. 19 and 20. The first cable 451 serves to accelerate the propellant charge receptacle 5 in the attachment direction A. The second cable 452 is provided to increase the speed of the propellant charge receptacle 5 counter to the Ansetzrichtung A.

As shown in FIG. 19, the first cable 451 is connected to a connection point 501 on the propellant charge receiver 5. The cable 451 extends over a deflection roller 457 on the sliding bearing 404 of the second scissor arm 402 in the propellant charge receptacle 5 via a deflection roller 455 in FIG Area of the pivot axis of the scissor arms 401 and 402 to another guide roller 453 in the region of the end of the first scissor arm 401, see.

Fig. 15b. Starting from the deflection roller 453, the cable 451 extends parallel to the threaded spindle 411 of the movement means 4 to a connection point 305 in the region of the end face 304 of the elevation adjustment element 3. About the cable 451 can speed doubling the propellant charge receptacle 5 with respect to the elevation adjuster 3 in the movement of Lifting table 400 done in Ansetzrichtung. The second cable 452 is connected to the propellant charge receptacle 5 at a connection point 502, cf. Fig. 20. The cable 452 extends from the connection point 502 via a deflection roller in the region of the sliding bearing 404 of the second scissor arm 402 via a guide roller 456 in the region of the pivot axis of the pivot arms 401 and 402 to a guide roller 454 in the region of the end of the first scissor arm 401st , see. Fig. 15b. Starting from the deflection roller 454, the cable 452 furthermore runs parallel to the drive spindle 411 in the direction of the drive 410. The attachment point of the second cable 452 lies in the region of the drive 410 on the elevation adjustment element 3 and is concealed in the figures. On the basis of the second cable 452, the speed of the propellant charge receptacle 5 can be doubled with respect to the elevation adjuster element 3 in the movement counter to the attachment direction A.

Finally, it will be discussed in more detail on the guide element 7, which is arranged on the propellant charge receptacle 5. Here, reference is made to the Dar positions in Fig. 16-22.

As can be seen from the illustrations in FIGS. 16-18, the guide element 7 is designed as a shell-shaped overall. The guide element 7 has a guide surface 702, which runs parallel to the Ansetzrichtung A. The propellant charges can be guided along the guide surface 702 in the direction of the weapon raw rs 101 moves.

In addition, the stored in the propellant charge intake 5 Treibla- fertilize 8 can be secured in position during the movement of the propellant charge recording 5 from a position next to the weapon 1 in a position behind the weapon 1 on the guide member 7.

As can be seen when comparing the illustrations in FIGS. 19, 20 and FIGS. 21, 22, the guide element 7 is movably mounted on a guide axis F arranged parallel to the attachment direction A, so that the guide element 7 moves in the direction of the propellant charge receptacle 5 in the direction of the Charge space 103 is shifted relative to the propellant charge receptacle 5 to the rear.

In addition, the guide element 7 is arranged pivotably about this guide axis F on the propellant charge receptacle 5. The guide element 7 can be pivoted relative to the propellant charge receptacle 5 in order to introduce propellant charges 8 into the propellant charge receptacle 5. The guide element 7 is prestressed via a spring 700, so that the guide element 7 is pressed onto the propellant charges 8 accommodated in the propellant charge receptacle 5. This results in an improved guidance of the propellant charges 8 during the piecing process. The above-described weapon 1 and the propellant charge applicator 2 have a linearly movable along the Ansetzrichtung A Zuführschieber 6 for supplying propellant charges 8 in a scheduled position in the cargo space 103 of the gun barrel 101, on which a retainer 601 for securing the position of the propellant charges 8 in their attached position is movably arranged. About the retainer 601, the propellant charges 8 can be kept lower in the attached position in the interior of the cargo space 103 of the weapon 1, so that even with large elevation angles unintentional slipping out is not to be feared.

Reference numerals:

1 weapon

2 propellant charges

3 elevation adjuster

4 means of movement

5 propellant charge intake

6 feed slider

7 guide element

8 propellant charge

101 barrel

102 bottom piece

103 cargo space

104 opening

105 trunnions

300 swivel drive

301 drive element

302 drive motor

304 front side

305 connection point

307 connection point

308 bearings

400 lift table

401 scissor arm

402 scissor arm

403 plain bearings 404 plain bearings

405 sheet metal

409 strut

410 drive

411 threaded spindle

412 spindle nut

421 positive locking element

422 positive locking element

423 axis

424 axis

425 guide element

426 bolts

427 spring

428 spring

429 control surface

430 control surface

431 bracket

432 stirrups

451 rope

452 rope

453 pulley

454 pulley

455 pulley

456 pulley

457 pulley

458 pulley

501 connection point

502 connection point

503 leadership Trigger element carrier

feather

spindle

drive

restrainer

rope

feather

idler pulley

Connection point guide carriage connection point prong

prong

feather

nose

attachment direction

movement direction

Elevation sight axis

guide axis

swivel axis

Claims

claims:

A propellant charge applicator with a feed slide (6) which can be moved linearly along a direction of attachment (A) for feeding propellant charges (8) into a set position in the charge space (103) of a weapon barrel (101),

marked by

a retainer (601) movably mounted on the feed slide (6) for securing the position of the propellant charges (8) in their set position.

Propellant charge applicator according to claim 1, characterized in that the retainer (601) is pivotably articulated to the feed slide (6).

Propellant charge applicator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the retainer (601) can be transferred from a retracted feed position into a set-up restraint position.

4. propellant charge according to claim 3, characterized in that the retainer (601), in particular via a spring (603) is biased in the direction of the folded feed position.

5. propellant charge according to one of claims 3 or 4, characterized in that the retainer (601) for transfer from the feed position to the restraint position by an angle of more than 90 ° is pivotable.

Propellant charge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a propellant charge receptacle (5) for receiving the propellant charges (8), along which the feed slide (6) is movable.

Propellant charge applicator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the retainer (601) projects beyond the propellant charge receptacle (5) in the retaining position.

Propellant charge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by an erection device, via which the movement of the feed slide (6) in an erecting movement of the retainer (601) can be transferred.

Propellant charge according to claim 8, characterized in that the raising movement via a on the propellant charge receptacle (5) arranged release element (504) can be triggered.

Propellant charge according to claim 9, characterized by an overload protection for the trigger element (504).

Propellant charge according to one of claims 9 or 10, characterized in that the triggering element (504) in the direction of attachment against the force of a spring (506) is arranged to be movable.

12. propellant charge according to one of claims 6 to 11, characterized in that the propellant charge receptacle (5) on an elevation adjusting element (3) for adjusting the elevation position of the Waf- fenrohrs (101) transversely to the Ansetzrichtung (A) with respect to the elevation adjusting element (3) is arranged translationally movable.

13. Propellant charge applicator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a guide element (7) for guiding the propellant charges (8) when feeding in the set position, which is arranged in the direction of attachment (A) relatively movable relative to the propellant charge receptacle (5). 14. weapon with a weapon barrel (101) and a propellant charge applicator (2) with a linearly movable feed slide (6) for supplying propellant charges (8) into a set position in the cargo space (103) of a weapon barrel (101),

marked by

15. A method for applying propellant charges (8) into a charge space (103) of a weapon barrel (101), wherein the propellant charges (8) are fed via a linearly movable feed slide (6) to a set position in the charge space (103),

characterized,

in that a retainer (601) arranged on the feed slide (6) is moved in its set position to secure the position of the propellant charges (8).