WO2014042554A1

WO2014042554A1 - Building consisting of light metal structures and sandwich panel used for constructing same

Info

Publication number: WO2014042554A1
Application number: PCT/RU2013/000720
Authority: WO
Inventors: Андрей Виленович ЛЮБОМИРСКИЙ
Original assignee: Lyubomirskiy Andrey Vilenovich
Priority date: 2012-09-14
Filing date: 2013-08-20
Publication date: 2014-03-20
Also published as: RU2012139376A

Abstract

The invention relates to the construction industry and can be used for erecting arched buildings of modular structures which are quick to erect. The building comprises supporting structures and surrounding structures laid on said supporting structures and/or attached thereto. The structures comprise at least two metal sheets and thermal insulation between said metal sheets, wherein a reinforcing material is arranged between the metal sheets. When constructing the building it is conventional to use a sandwich panel which comprises two layers of metal and a layer of thermal insulation arranged between said layers, wherein a reinforcing material is arranged between the layers of metal.

Description

BUILDING FROM EASY METAL STRUCTURES AND A SANDWICH PANEL APPLICABLE AT ITS CONSTRUCTION

The invention relates to the field of construction and can be used in the construction of arched buildings of prefabricated and prefabricated structures.

It is known (US Patent 6722087) a frameless arched building of the M.I.C. system, including one layer of cold-formed profiles formed on a construction site from a sheet of roll and joined together by rolling a seam lock.

The disadvantages of this technical solution are the limited bearing capacity and span of the structure, a significant increase in the cost and complexity of the construction and installation of warm buildings.

It is known (US patent 4894962) an arched building containing a frame with metal arches of broken shape, girders connected to arches, a coating attached to them and connecting elements.

A disadvantage of the known technical solution should be recognized as insufficient mechanical strength of the structure, as well as the lack of heat and sound insulation.

It is known (RU, patent 2209275) an arched building containing arched block sections, the coatings of which are formed from several initially flat profiled sheets, elastically curved in accordance with the curved shape of the arches during the manufacturing process arched coating, and the profiled sheets are interconnected in the longitudinal direction with an overlap after giving a bend to each of them, and the belts are united by a spatial rod system.

The specified solution is selected as the closest analogue of the first object of the invention.

Known (GOST 23486-79) is a sandwich panel with a polyurethane foam insulation glued between two galvanized steel sheets, the edges of which are molded into the lock joints of the “groove” and “comb” type, so that when the panels are assembled, their joint edges form joints in tongue.

A disadvantage of the known sandwich panel should be recognized as low mechanical strength.

Known (RU, patent 84414) is a sandwich panel consisting of two metal panels with molded sheet edges and located between them, glued to them from the inside, low-combustible insulation, with parallel joints connected to them with adjoining non-combustible insulation plates, moreover, the two adjacent to the castle part of the sides of the docking connection is additionally framed by a metal strip.

Known (RU, patent 67599) is a metal sandwich panel, three-layer with a combined heater, which is a three-layer construction with metal sheet cladding and a middle insulating layer, consisting of layers of mineral wool plate and expanded polystyrene, layer-by-layer located and glued together, the layer of expanded polystyrene, from two sides adjacent to the castle part, additionally framed by a layer of mineral wool, the height of which is equal to the thickness of the expanded polystyrene layer , and the thickness is equal to the thickness of the mineral wool slab layer.

A disadvantage of the well-known sandwich panel should be recognized as its low mechanical strength.

To create carcasses of buildings from light metal structures, pipes, a corner, a channel are usually used (http://www.neatehstroy.ru).

The disadvantage of the materials used is their susceptibility to corrosion.

The technical problem solved by the developed group of inventions is to create mechanically strong buildings from light metal structures.

The technical result obtained by the implementation of the developed group of inventions consists in increasing their mechanical strength and, as a result, facilitating maintenance.

To achieve the specified technical result, it is proposed to use the developed group of technical solutions. It is proposed to use a building made of light metal structures, containing load-bearing structures and enclosing structures laid on them and / or attached to them, consisting of at least two metal sheets and insulation between them, and a reinforcing material is located between the metal sheets.

The enclosing structures used may have different geometric shapes and sizes, and they may have different purposes. When installing these buildings, vertical, horizontal, inclined, curved structures can be used. These structures may contain more than one layer of insulation. The insulation can be placed both between the inner metal sheet and the reinforcing material relative to the volume of the building, and between the outer metal sheet and the reinforcing material. In the manufacture of a building from metal structures, flat and / or curved and / or profiled sandwich panels with internal reinforcement can be used as a building envelope. It is possible to use a sandwich panel, in which only one side is curved and the other flat. The choice of the type of sandwich panel used depends on the place of its application in the manufactured building. So, in particular, for the manufacture of vertical surfaces of the walls of the building, mainly flat panels (reinforced and unreinforced) are used, and for the manufacture of curved surfaces of the building, mainly curved sandwich panels are used. Reinforcing flat and curved sandwich panels can also be used as an additional protection against unauthorized entry into the building, increasing the strength of its building envelopes.

Vertical sandwich panels are predominantly mounted close to each other using locks of tongue-and-groove joints (tenon groove). On curved enclosing structures (arches, trusses), curved sandwich panels are installed that do not have locks (spike groove), therefore, installation is carried out with a guaranteed gap between the panels. After mounting the panels, this gap is sealed with polyurethane foam, in addition, the gap can be additionally protected by self-adhesive tape, aluminum or plastic tape, as well as a metal strip made of galvanized steel.

In a preferred embodiment of the manufacture of the building, roofs are mounted over curved enclosing structures (metal tile, profiled metal sheet, soft roof). This is necessary in order to cover the galvanized steel with the roofing, as well as the joints between the curved sandwich panels. It will also allow, due to additional corrosion protection, to increase the durability of the building envelope.

In the manufacture of sandwich panels, a reinforcing material is used as the reinforcing material selected from the group consisting of reinforcement, square or round bars, strip, corner, channel, pipe, I-beam, road mesh, perforated sheet, bent profile, mesh structure which are located in at least one layer. For some designs, a two-layer and three-layer reinforcement. Preferably, the elements of the reinforcing material are connected (by welding, glue, wire polymer fastening elements) in an extended spatial structure such as mesh. The reinforcing material may be attached, at least on one side, to the supporting structure of the building (frame elements) by welding, screws, screws, bolts, nails, glue, brackets, clamps, or may be in a free position. In a preferred embodiment, as a reinforcing layer of sandwich panels, a road mesh with a cross section of 5 to 12 mm, edged around the perimeter with a steel strip up to 3 to 6 mm thick, is used, which is attached to the supporting structures of the building using self-tapping screws, construction nails (using a powder gun). Similarly, a metal sheet of a sandwich panel facing the inside of the building can be attached to the supporting structures. In addition, to protect the building structures from possible negative aerodynamic effects of air masses at high wind speeds, external sheets of sandwich panels can also be attached to the supporting structures, to which, in turn, the roof is attached.

The supporting structures used are preferably selected from the group consisting of a profile pipe, a round pipe, an I-beam, a strip, a corner, a channel, a bent profile, a square or round bar, a truss. However, the above list does not exhaust the possible elements used. As a heater, foam, polyurethane foam, polyisocyanurate foam, polystyrene foam, foamglass, mineral wool, foamed polymer.

The building frame means comprises a hollow metal pipe of any cross section, the choice of which, as well as the choice of the effective pipe section, depends on the scope of the frame being manufactured, the pipe cavity being filled at least partially with filler. Preferably, a hollow metal pipe made of stainless steel of profile section (square and rectangular pipes with a thickness of 20 to 200 mm) and round pipes are used for the manufacture of the building frame. This increases its service life, and also reduces operating costs by reducing the cleaning and painting of the frame. As a filler, a pipe of low alloy steel, a bar of low carbon steel or concrete can be used. The presence of filler in the pipe increases the mechanical strength of the system as a whole, which allows the use of a thinner (less mechanically strong) stainless steel outer pipe and a thicker carbon steel inner pipe. To increase the load-bearing capacity of such a double structure, consisting, for example, of two profile pipes (stainless steel and carbon steel), these pipes are fastened together with a certain step, for example using screws or welding.

The outer part of the arches is preferably made of flat material (profile pipe, strip). This makes it easy to lay a sandwich panel on this flat surface. The use of pipes provides a secret arrangement after mounting sandwich panels of screws and nails, which in this case are located inside the pipe. The use of thin-walled pipes allows the use of self-tapping screws as fixing material, in which the screw pitch is comparable to the thickness of the pipe. Profile pipes can be bent in cold, without heating, in pipe benders. Farms are made as follows: first one pipe is inserted inside another, then, if necessary, the elements of future farms are bent together, and then they are jointly welded in a slipway.

Preferably, the sandwich panel used for the construction of the building of the designed structure contains two layers of metal and a layer of insulation located between them, and a reinforcing material is located between the layers of metal, at least one of its metal layers is made in the form of a plane, or in the form of a surface, having curvature or with a profiled surface. As noted earlier, elements selected from the group can be used as reinforcement: reinforcement, square or round bar, strip, corner, channel, pipe, I-beam, road mesh, perforated sheet, bent profile, mesh structure, which are located along in at least one layer. Preferably, the elements of the reinforcing material are connected (by welding) into an extended spatial structure such as a mesh. In the manufacture of a sandwich panel, galvanized steel, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, titanium, composite material or bimetal can be used as metal layers. The specified list does not limit the possible applications of the materials used. As a heat insulator, foam, polyurethane foam, polyisocyanurate foam, polystyrene foam, foamglass, mineral wool, foamed polymer. The specified list also does not limit the possible applications of the materials used. The preferred design of the sandwich panel includes a lower layer - stainless steel with a thickness of 0.3 mm to 1.5 mm with a polished, textured surface (such as Deco 8 and others), a layer of insulation (polyurethane foam, polyisocyanurate foam, foam), the upper layer is galvanized steel up to 1.2mm thick.

The developed invention can be illustrated by the following implementation example.

1. The arched building, designed to accommodate the pool on the cottage site, contains load-bearing structures in the form of arches made of profiled rectangular pipes 30 x 60 mm in size and the enclosing structures attached to them, consisting of 1.0 mm thick stainless steel sheet in series, layer foam with a thickness of 100 mm, reinforcement layer in the form of a road mesh 12 mm thick and a sheet of galvanized steel 1.0 mm thick. The enclosing structures are preformed curved in accordance with the profile of the arches. Enclosing structures are attached to the outer surface of the arches by means of self-tapping screws. The end surfaces of the building are made of similar enclosing structures, but flat. Arches are based on a block foundation. The use of reinforced building envelopes allows to increase the mechanical strength of the constructed building.

Claims

Claim.

1. A building made of light metal structures, containing load-bearing structures and enclosing structures laid on them and / or attached to them, consisting of at least two metal sheets and insulation between them, characterized in that a reinforcing material is located between the metal sheets.

2. The building according to claim 1, characterized in that as the building envelope used flat and / or curved and / or shaped sandwich panels with internal reinforcement.

3. The building according to claim 1, characterized in that the reinforcing material used is selected from the group: reinforcement, square or round bar, strip, corner, channel, pipe, I-beam, road mesh, strip, perforated sheet, bent profile, mesh structure, which are located in at least one layer.

4.3 the building according to claim 1, characterized in that the reinforcing material, at least on one side, is attached to the supporting structure of the building by welding, screws, screws, bolts, nails, glue, brackets, clamps.

5. The building according to claim 1, characterized in that the supporting structures used are selected from the group consisting of a profile pipe, a round pipe, an I-beam, a strip, a corner, a channel, a bent profile, a square or round bar, a truss. b. The building according to claim 1, characterized in that the insulation used is polystyrene, polyurethane foam, polyisocyanurate foam, polystyrene foam, foam glass, mineral wool, foamed polymer.

7. A sandwich panel containing two layers of metal and a layer of insulation between them, characterized in that between the layers of metal there is a reinforcing material, while at least one metal layer is made in the form of a plane, or in the form of a surface having curvature or with a profiled surface.

8. The sandwich panel according to claim 7, characterized in that the elements used are the reinforcing material selected from the group: reinforcement, square or round bar, strip, corner, channel, pipe, I-beam, road mesh, perforated sheet, bent profile, mesh structure, which are located in at least one layer.

9. The sandwich panel according to claim 7, characterized in that the galvanized steel, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, titanium, composite material or bimetal are used as metal layers.

10. The sandwich panel according to claim 7, characterized in that the foam insulator, polyurethane foam, polyisocyanurate foam, polystyrene foam, foamglass, mineral wool, foamed polymer are used as a heat insulator.

1 1. A building frame means comprising a hollow metal pipe, characterized in that the pipe cavity is filled at least partially with a filler.

12. The tool according to claim 11, characterized in that a hollow metal pipe made of stainless steel is used.

13. The tool according to p. 11, characterized in that the filler used a pipe of low carbon steel, a bar, long products from low carbon steel or concrete.