WO2014036690A1 - 制备阿扎那韦硫酸氢盐a型结晶的方法 - Google Patents
制备阿扎那韦硫酸氢盐a型结晶的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014036690A1 WO2014036690A1 PCT/CN2012/080978 CN2012080978W WO2014036690A1 WO 2014036690 A1 WO2014036690 A1 WO 2014036690A1 CN 2012080978 W CN2012080978 W CN 2012080978W WO 2014036690 A1 WO2014036690 A1 WO 2014036690A1
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- Prior art keywords
- atazanavir
- crystal
- free base
- solvent
- crystals
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- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 108010019625 Atazanavir Sulfate Proteins 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- AXRYRYVKAWYZBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atazanavir Natural products C=1C=C(C=2N=CC=CC=2)C=CC=1CN(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)OC)C(C)(C)C)CC(O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)OC)C(C)(C)C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 AXRYRYVKAWYZBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 229960003277 atazanavir Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- AXRYRYVKAWYZBR-GASGPIRDSA-N atazanavir Chemical compound C([C@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)OC)C(C)(C)C)[C@@H](O)CN(CC=1C=CC(=CC=1)C=1N=CC=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)OC)C(C)(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 AXRYRYVKAWYZBR-GASGPIRDSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydrogensulfate Chemical compound OS([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid Substances OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 93
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylformamide Substances CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 57
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000012458 free base Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- LZDKZFUFMNSQCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diethoxyethane Chemical compound CCOCCOCC LZDKZFUFMNSQCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOC SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Propyl acetate Natural products CCCOC(C)=O YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940090181 propyl acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RRQYJINTUHWNHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethoxy-2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethane Chemical compound CCOCCOCCOCC RRQYJINTUHWNHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940019778 diethylene glycol diethyl ether Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003759 ester based solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004210 ether based solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 12
- -1 atazanavir hydrogen sulfate salt Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000634 powder X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 3
- KXDAEFPNCMNJSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KXDAEFPNCMNJSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 238000004042 decolorization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- YSIBYEBNVMDAPN-CMDGGOBGSA-N (e)-4-oxo-4-(3-triethoxysilylpropylamino)but-2-enoic acid Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCNC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O YSIBYEBNVMDAPN-CMDGGOBGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OXHNLMTVIGZXSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Methylpyrrole Chemical compound CN1C=CC=C1 OXHNLMTVIGZXSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010010369 HIV Protease Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229940122440 HIV protease inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 241000713772 Human immunodeficiency virus 1 Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004566 IR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- RJGDLRCDCYRQOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthrone Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3CC2=C1 RJGDLRCDCYRQOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003796 atazanavir sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000113 differential scanning calorimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004030 hiv protease inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007721 medicinal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- OJURWUUOVGOHJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-[(2-acetyloxyphenyl)methyl-[2-[(2-acetyloxyphenyl)methyl-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)amino]ethyl]amino]acetate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=C(OC(C)=O)C=1CN(CC(=O)OC)CCN(CC(=O)OC)CC1=CC=CC=C1OC(C)=O OJURWUUOVGOHJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl monoether Natural products COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012453 solvate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/24—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D213/54—Radicals substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
- C07D213/56—Amides
Definitions
- the invention belongs to the technical field of medicinal chemistry, and particularly relates to a method for preparing A-type crystal of atazanavir hydrogen sulfate. Background technique
- Atazanavir is an azapeptide HIV protease inhibitor with high inhibitory activity against HIV-1 virus. Its chemical name is (3S, 8S, 9S, 12S) -3, 12-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-8-hydroxy-4-11-dioxo
- W09936404 discloses crystalline sulphate of atazanavir which has a significantly improved oral bioavailability in animals compared to free base and has better water solubility and stability than other salts.
- W09936404 discloses type I (hereinafter referred to as type A) and type II crystals of atazanavir hydrogen sulfate, wherein type I is an anhydrous, unsolvated crystalline form and type II is a hygroscopic hydrate crystalline form.
- W02005108349 discloses Form C and Form E3 of atazanavir hydrogen sulfate, Form C is a hydrate crystal form, and Form E3 is a solvate crystal form containing 3 molecules of ethanol.
- W02010079497 discloses HI-type crystals of atazanavir hydrogen sulphate
- W02011027324 discloses B-type, P-type and amorphous crystals of atazanavir hydrogen sulphate.
- W09936404 discloses a method for preparing Form A crystal: 5M sulfuric acid is added dropwise to an acetone suspension of atazanavir hydrogen sulfate at 50 ° C, and crystallized by adding atazanavir free base seed crystal to obtain Atazanavir hydrogen sulfate salt type A crystal.
- W02005108349 improves this method: Dissolve atazanavir free base in acetone and N-methylpyrrole
- the mixed solvent of anthrone firstly add concentrated sulfuric acid which can react with less than 15% by weight of atazanavir free base, then add seed crystal of type A crystal, and then increase the remaining concentrated sulfuric acid by cubic equation to increase The rate is divided into 5 stages, and the crystallization is gradually performed.
- the crystal size obtained by this method is uniform, but the method is extremely cumbersome to operate, and N-methylpyrrolidone is used as a solvent, and N-methylpyrrolidone requires a low solvent residue limit in the pharmacopoeia. Product quality is not easy to reach the standard.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a new and simple and efficient process for the preparation of atazanavir bisulfate Form A crystals.
- the invention provides a preparation method of atazanavir hydrogen sulfate salt type A crystal, which comprises the following steps:
- Group solvents are: DMSO and DMF;
- Group solvents are: acetone, ether solvents and ester solvents;
- the mixed solvent is selected from the group consisting of a mixed solvent of acetone and DMSO, a mixed solvent of acetone and DMF, a mixed solvent of acetone/DMSO/DMF, a mixed solvent of DMSO and ether, A mixed solvent of DMSO and an ester, a mixed solvent of DMF and an ether, a mixed solvent of DMF and an ester, a mixed solvent of DMSO/DMF/ether, or a mixed solvent of DMSO/DMF/ester.
- the ether solvent is selected from the group consisting of diethyl ether, propylene oxide, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, two Ethylene glycol diethyl ether, or a combination thereof; and/or the ester solvent is selected from the group consisting of methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, butyl acetate, or a combination thereof.
- each solvent may be used in an amount of from 1 to 100 parts by weight, preferably from 1 to 30 parts by weight, based on the total amount of the solvent.
- the solvent has a weight ratio or volume ratio of from 1 to 100: 100 to 1, preferably from 1 to 50: 50 to 1, more preferably from 1 to 30: 30 to 1.
- the solvent is an acetone/DMSO mixed solvent in a weight ratio or a volume ratio of 1 to 20:20 to 1.
- the volume ratio of the organic solvent to atazanavir free base is from 1 to 100 ml: lg, preferably from 1 to 50 ml: lg, more preferably, the organic solvent and Aza
- the volume-to-weight ratio of nave free base is 1 to 20 ml: lg.
- the molar ratio of concentrated sulfuric acid to atazanavir free base in step 2) is from 0.1 to 2:1, preferably from 0.5 to 1.8:1, more preferably from 0.9 to 1.5:1.
- seed crystals are added before, during or during the precipitation of the crystal, and atazanavir type A crystal is preferably added as a seed crystal.
- the ratio of the seed amount to the atazanavir free base is 0.1 to 30:100, preferably 0.5 to 20:100.
- the method also has one or more of the following features:
- step (1) in step (1), at 25 to 60 ° C (preferably 30 to 50 ° C), dissolving atazanavir free base in an organic solvent to form a solution;
- step (2) in step (2), at 20 to 70 ° C (preferably 35 to 50 ° C), adding concentrated sulfuric acid;
- step (3) adding seed crystals at 20 to 80 ° C (preferably 45 to 60 ° C);
- the crystal precipitation time is 8 to 10 hours
- step (3) the solution obtained by precipitating the crystal is further filtered to isolate the atazanavir hydrogen sulfate salt type A crystal.
- the solution of the atazanavir free base dissolved in an organic solvent is a solution subjected to filtration treatment and/or decolorization treatment.
- the decolorizing treatment is decolorization of activated carbon.
- the activated carbon is used in an amount of 1% by weight of atazanavir free base.
- the concentrated sulfuric acid has a molar concentration of 15 to 18.4 mol/L.
- Figure 1 is an XRD pattern of the atazanavir bisulfate Form A crystal of the present invention
- Figure 2 is a DSC spectrum of the atazanavir bisulfate Form A crystal of the present invention
- Figure 3 is an IR spectrum of the atazanavir bisulfate Form A crystal of the present invention. detailed description
- the inventors have extensively and intensively studied and unexpectedly found that the atazanavir type A crystal can be easily and efficiently prepared by selecting a suitable organic solvent at a certain temperature and pH, and is suitable for industrial production.
- the atazanavir hydrogen sulfate salt type A crystal obtained by the invention has low impurity content, high chemical purity, good medicinal properties, and can be used as an active ingredient for inhibiting HIV protease drugs.
- azanavir free base or "azanavir” are used interchangeably and refer to a compound (3S,8S,9S,125 3,12-bis(1,1-dimethyl B). -8-hydroxy-4-1 1-dioxo-9- (benzamide)
- the raw material atazanavir free base can be obtained by a conventional method (e.g., the method provided in the patent W09740029), or can be obtained by purchase.
- Atazanavir sulfate is a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of atazanavir, also known as the hydrogen sulfate of atazanavir. Its structural formula is as follows:
- concentrated sulfuric acid generally means sulfuric acid having a mass percentage of sulfuric acid of 80% or more (preferably 90% or more, more preferably 95% or more, and most preferably 98%). Usually, the concentration of concentrated sulfuric acid is 15-18.4 mol/L.
- organic solvent means a mixed solvent consisting essentially of DMSO, DMF alone or both, alone or in combination with acetone in any volume ratio.
- Representative examples include: a mixed solvent of acetone and DMSO, a mixed solvent of acetone and DMF, DMSO, DMF, or a mixed solvent of acetone, DMSO, DMF, or a mixed solvent of DMSO and ether, DMSO and esters.
- ether solvent refers to a linear or branched ether organic solvent having 2 to 20 (preferably 2 to 10) carbon atoms, such as diethyl ether, propylene oxide, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, and B.
- ether solvent diol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol diethyl ether, or the like.
- ester solvent means an ester organic solvent having 2 to 20 (preferably 2 to 10) carbon atoms, such as methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, butyl acetate, or the like.
- organic solvent of the present invention may contain a small amount of other solvent, and the preferred organic solvent does not contain N-methylpyrrolidone.
- the preparation of atazanavir bisulfate Form A crystals includes:
- the organic solvent for dissolving atazanavir free base is DMSO, DMF, a mixed solvent of acetone and DMSO, a mixed solvent of acetone and DMF, or a mixed solution of acetone, DMSO, and DMF.
- Agent or a mixed solvent of DMSO and ether, a mixed solvent of DMSO and ester, or a mixed solvent of DMF and ether, a mixed solvent of DMF and ester, and a mixed solvent of DMSO, DMF and ether, DMSO, DMF And a mixed solvent of esters.
- the ether solvent is selected from the group consisting of diethyl ether, propylene oxide, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, Diethylene glycol diethyl ether;
- the ester solvent is selected from the group consisting of methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, and butyl acetate.
- any of the above mixed solvents may be combined in any volume ratio.
- the organic solvent for dissolving atazanavir free base is a mixed solvent of acetone and DMSO, preferably an acetone/DMSO mixed solvent of 1 to 20:20 ⁇ 1.
- the volume ratio by weight of the organic solvent for dissolving atazanavir free base to atazanavir free base is from 1 to 100 ml: lg, preferably from 1 to 50 ml: lg, preferably l ⁇ 20ml: lg.
- the molar ratio of concentrated sulfuric acid to atazanavir free base is 0.1 to 2:1, preferably 0.5 to 1.8:1, more preferably 0.9 to 1.5:1.
- the main advantages of the invention include:
- Atazanavir hydrogensulfate prepared by the method of the present invention having a uniform particle size and high purity.
- the chemical purity determined by HPLC can reach 99.5% or higher, and the single impurity is less than 0.1%.
- the technical indicators meet the requirements of the Pharmacopoeia.
- the invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It is to be understood that the examples are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
- the experimental conditions in which the specific conditions are not indicated in the following examples are generally prepared according to the conventional conditions, and the raw material atazanavir free base used in the present invention can be prepared by referring to W09740029.
- the crystallization of the Azanavir hydrogen sulphate type A crystal, the stirring is 2-4.
- the crystallization is carried out, and the mixture is heated to 50-60 ° C. hour. Slowly cool to 0 °C and continue to incubate for 3 hours.
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种阿扎那韦硫酸氢盐A型结晶的制备方法。本发明的方法包括:将阿扎那韦游离碱溶解在有机溶剂中,然后向溶液中加入浓硫酸,析晶,得到阿扎那韦硫酸氢盐的A型结晶。
Description
制备阿扎那韦硫酸氢盐 A型结晶的方法
技术领域
本发明属于药物化学技术领域,具体涉及阿扎那韦硫酸氢盐的 A型结晶的制备方 法。 背景技术
阿扎那韦是一种氮杂肽 HIV蛋白酶抑制剂, 对 HIV-1病毒具有高度的抑制活性。 其化学名称为(3S, 8S,9S, 12S) -3, 12-双(1, 1-二甲基乙基) -8-羟基 -4-11-二氧代
-9- (苯甲基) -6- [ [4- (2-吡啶基) -苯甲基] -2, 5, 6, 10, 13-五氮杂十四垸二酸二甲酯, 结构式如下:
W09936404公开了阿扎那韦的结晶硫酸氢盐, 其在动物体内具有比游离碱明显提 高的口服生物利用度, 并且比其他盐有着更好的水中溶解度和稳定性。
W09936404公开了阿扎那韦硫酸氢盐的 I型(后被称为 A型)和 II型结晶,其中 I 型为无水、 非溶剂化物晶型, II型为吸湿性水合物晶型。 W02005108349公开了阿扎 那韦硫酸氢盐的 C型和 E3型结晶, C型为水合物晶型, E3型为含 3分子乙醇的溶剂 化物晶型。
此外, W02010079497公开了阿扎那韦硫酸氢盐的 HI型晶体; W02011027324公开 了阿扎那韦硫酸氢盐的 B型、 P型和无定型晶体。
目前市场上的药用晶型是 A型结晶。 W09936404公开了一种制备 A型结晶的方法: 50°C下, 将 5M的硫酸滴加到阿扎那韦硫酸氢盐的丙酮悬浮液中, 加入阿扎那韦游离 碱晶种析晶, 得到阿扎那韦硫酸氢盐 A型结晶。
W02005108349对此方法作了改进: 将阿扎那韦游离碱溶解在丙酮和 N-甲基吡咯
垸酮的混合溶剂中, 先加入量为可与少于 15%重量的阿扎那韦游离碱反应的浓硫酸, 再加入 A型晶体的晶种,然后将剩余的浓硫酸按三次方程以增加的速率分 5个阶段加 入, 逐步析晶。 通过这种方法得到的晶体粒度均匀, 但该方法操作上极其繁琐, 且使 用了 N-甲基吡咯垸酮作为溶剂, 而 N-甲基吡咯垸酮在药典上要求的溶剂残留限度很 低, 产品质量不容易达标。
综上, 本领域迫切需要开发简便、 高效的适合工业化生产的制备阿扎那韦硫酸氢 盐 A型结晶的方法。 发明内容
本发明目的就是提供一种新的简便、 高效地制备阿扎那韦硫酸氢盐 A型结晶 的方法。 本发明提供了一种阿扎那韦硫酸氢盐 A型结晶的制备方法, 其特征在于, 包括 如下步骤:
1)提供阿扎那韦游离碱与有机溶剂混合的混合体系, 其中, 所述的有机溶剂选 自下组: DMSO、 DMF、 或含 DMSO和 /或 DMF的混合溶剂, 其中所述混合溶剂由 选自 (i)组的一种或多种溶剂与选自 (ii)组的一种或多种溶剂构成,
(i) 组溶剂为: DMSO和 DMF;
(ϋ) 组溶剂为: 丙酮、 醚类溶剂和酯类溶剂;
2) 向上述体系中加入浓硫酸;
3) 从所述体系中析出晶体, 得到阿扎那韦硫酸氢盐 A型结晶。
在另一优选例中, 所述的混合溶剂选自下组: 丙酮和 DMSO的混合溶剂、 丙酮 和 DMF的混合溶剂、丙酮 /DMSO/DMF三者的混合溶剂、 DMSO和醚类的混合溶剂、 DMSO和酯类的混合溶剂、 DMF和醚类的混合溶剂、 DMF和酯类的混合溶剂、 DMSO/DMF/醚类三者的混合溶剂、 或 DMSO/DMF/酯类三者的混合溶剂。
优选地, 所述的醚类溶剂选自下组: 乙醚、 环氧丙垸、 四氢呋喃、 二氧六环、 乙 二醇二甲醚、 乙二醇二乙醚、 二乙二醇二甲醚、 二乙二醇二乙醚, 或其组合; 和 /或 所述的酯类溶剂选自下组: 醋酸甲酯、 醋酸乙酯、 醋酸丙酯、 醋酸丁酯, 或其 组合。
在另一优选例中, 混合溶剂中各溶剂的用量均可以为 1〜100重量份, 较佳地为 1〜30重量份。
优选地, 所述溶剂的重量比或体积比为 1〜100:100〜1, 较佳地 1〜50:50〜1, 更 佳地 1〜30:30〜1。
在另一优选例中,所述溶剂为重量比或体积比为 1〜20:20〜1的丙酮 /DMSO混合 溶剂。
在另一优选例中,步骤 1)中,有机溶剂与阿扎那韦游离碱的体积重量比为 1〜100 ml:lg, 优选为 l〜50ml:lg, 更佳地, 有机溶剂与阿扎那韦游离碱的体积重量比为 1〜 20 ml:lg。
在另一优选例中, 步骤 2)中浓硫酸与阿扎那韦游离碱的摩尔比为 0.1〜2: 1, 优选 为 0.5〜1.8:1, 更优选为 0.9〜1.5:1。
在另一优选例中, 在析出晶体过程之前、 或之中加入晶种, 较佳地加入阿扎那韦 A型晶体作为晶种。
在另一优选例中,所述晶种的投料量与阿扎那韦游离碱质量之比为: 0.1〜30:100, 优选为 0.5〜20:100。
在另一优选例中, 所述方法还具有一个或多个以下特征:
(a)在步骤 (1)中, 在 25〜60°C下 (较佳地 30〜50°C), 将阿扎那韦游离碱溶解于有 机溶剂, 形成溶液;
(b)在步骤 (2)中, 在 20〜70°C下 (较佳地 35〜50°C), 加入浓硫酸;
(c)在步骤 (3)中, 在 20〜80°C下 (较佳地 45〜60°C), 加入晶种;
(d)在步骤 (3)中, 析出晶体时间为 8〜10小时;
(e)在步骤 (3)中, 在 -20〜30°C下 (较佳地 -10〜20°C), 从所述溶液中析出晶体;
(f)在步骤 (3)中, 还包括对析出晶体后的溶液进行过滤, 从而分离得到阿扎那韦 硫酸氢盐 A型结晶。
在另一优选例中, 步骤 1)中, 所述的阿扎那韦游离碱溶解于有机溶剂的溶液, 是 经过过滤处理和 /或脱色处理的溶液。
在另一优选例中, 所述的脱色处理是活性炭脱色。
在另一优选例中, 所述脱色处理时, 活性炭的用量为阿扎那韦游离碱重量的 1%。 在另一优选例中, 所述浓硫酸的摩尔浓度为 15〜18.4mol/L。
应理解, 在本发明范围内中, 本发明的上述各技术特征和在下文(如实施例) 中具体描述的各技术特征之间都可以互相组合,从而构成新的或优选的技术方案。 限于篇幅, 在此不再一一累述。 附图说明
图 1是本发明的阿扎那韦硫酸氢盐 A型结晶的 XRD图谱;
图 2是本发明的阿扎那韦硫酸氢盐 A型结晶的 DSC图谱;
图 3是本发明的阿扎那韦硫酸氢盐 A型结晶的 IR图谱。 具体实施方式
本发明人经过广泛而深入的研究, 意外地发现, 通过选用合适的有机溶剂, 在一定的温度和 PH条件下, 可以简便而高效地制备阿扎那韦 A型晶体, 适合工 业化生产。 此外, 本发明制得的阿扎那韦硫酸氢盐 A型结晶, 其杂质含量低, 化 学纯度高, 具有很好的药用性能, 可用作抑制 HIV蛋白酶药物的活性成分。 术语
如本发明所用, 术语 "阿扎那韦游离碱" 或 "阿扎那韦" 可互换使用, 指化 合物 (3S,8S,9S,125 3,12-双(1 ,1 -二甲基乙基) -8-羟基 -4-1 1-二氧代 -9- (苯甲
基) -6-[4-(2-吡啶基)-苯甲基 ]-2,5,6,10,13-五氮杂十四垸二酸二甲酯。
原料阿扎那韦游离碱可用常规方法(如专利 W09740029中所提供的方法)制 得, 也可以通过购买得到。
硫酸阿扎那韦是阿扎那韦的药用盐, 也称为阿扎那韦的硫酸氢盐, 其结构式 如下:
术语 "浓硫酸"一般指硫酸质量百分比为 80%以上 (较佳地 90%以上, 更佳地 95%以上, 最佳地 98%)的硫酸。 通常, 浓硫酸的摩尔浓度为 15-18.4mol/L。
术语 "有机溶剂"指基本上由 DMSO、 DMF单独或上述两者单独或共同与丙 酮按照任意体积比例组合而成的混合溶剂。 代表性的例子包括: 丙酮和 DMSO的 混合溶剂、 丙酮和 DMF的混合溶剂、 DMSO、 DMF, 或丙酮、 DMSO、 DMF三者的 混合溶剂, 或者 DMSO和醚类的混合溶剂、 DMSO和酯类的混合溶剂、 或者 DMF 和醚类的混合溶剂、 DMF和酯类的混合溶剂、以及 DMSO、 DMF和醚类的混合溶剂、 DMSO, DMF和酯类的混合溶剂。
术语 "醚类溶剂"指具有 2-20个 (较佳地 2-10个)碳原子的直链或支链醚类有 机溶剂, 例如乙醚、 环氧丙垸、 四氢呋喃、 二氧六环、 乙二醇二甲醚、 乙二醇二乙 醚、 二乙二醇二甲醚、 二乙二醇二乙醚, 或类似溶剂。
术语 "酯类溶剂"指具有 2-20个 (较佳地 2-10个)碳原子的酯类有机溶剂, 例 如醋酸甲酯、 醋酸乙酯、 醋酸丙酯、 醋酸丁酯, 或类似溶剂。
此外, 本发明的有机溶剂可以含有少量其他溶剂, 优选的有机溶剂中不含 N- 甲基吡咯垸酮。 阿扎那韦硫酸氢盐 A型结晶的制备
通常, 阿扎那韦硫酸氢盐 A型结晶的制备方法包括:
将阿扎那韦游离碱溶解在有机溶剂中;
然后, 向上述溶液中加入浓硫酸;
搅拌, 析出晶体, 得到阿扎那韦硫酸氢盐 A型结晶。
在本发明中, 用于溶解阿扎那韦游离碱的有机溶剂是 DMSO、 DMF, 丙酮和 DMSO的混合溶剂、 丙酮和 DMF的混合溶剂或丙酮和 DMSO、 DMF三者的混合溶
剂, 或者 DMSO和醚类的混合溶剂、 DMSO和酯类的混合溶剂、 或者 DMF和醚类 的混合溶剂、 DMF和酯类的混合溶剂、以及 DMSO、 DMF和醚类的混合溶剂、 DMSO, DMF和酯类的混合溶剂。
较佳地, 所述的醚类溶剂选自下组: 乙醚、 环氧丙垸、 四氢呋喃、 二氧六环、 乙 二醇二甲醚、 乙二醇二乙醚、 二乙二醇二甲醚、 二乙二醇二乙醚; 所述的酯类溶剂选 自下组: 醋酸甲酯、 醋酸乙酯、 醋酸丙酯、 醋酸丁酯。
上述混合溶剂中的任意组分均可按照任意体积比例组合而成。
优选地,所述的用于溶解阿扎那韦游离碱的有机溶剂是丙酮和 DMSO的混合 溶剂, 较佳地为 1〜20:20〜1的丙酮 /DMSO混合溶剂。
在本发明中,用于溶解阿扎那韦游离碱的有机溶剂与阿扎那韦游离碱的体积重量 比为 l〜100 ml:lg, 较佳地 l〜50 ml:lg, 优选为 l〜20ml: lg。
在本发明中, 浓硫酸与阿扎那韦游离碱的摩尔比为 0.1〜2:1, 优选为 0.5〜1.8: 1, 更优选为 0.9〜1.5:1。 本发明的主要优点包括:
(a)本发明的制备方法操作简便。
(b)产品收率高, 可达 95%或更高, 适合工业化生产。
(c)通过本发明的方法制得的阿扎那韦硫酸氢盐, 粒度均匀, 纯度高。 HPLC 测定的化学纯度可达 99.5%或更高, 单一杂质均小于 0.1%, 各项技术指标达到药 典要求。 下面结合具体实施例, 进一步阐述本发明。 应理解, 这些实施例仅用于说明 本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。 下列实施例中未注明具体条件的实验方法, 通常按照常规条件,本发明所用原料阿扎那韦游离碱可参考 W09740029制备得到。 实施例 1
将 150g阿扎那韦游离碱 (212.8mmol)、 1000ml丙酮、 150ml DMSO加入到反应 瓶中,搅拌,升温至 45-5CTC。固体溶解后,加入 1. 5g活性炭,保温继续搅拌 15-30 分钟。
过滤,向滤液中加入 13ml浓硫酸 (239.2mmol),温度控制在 45-5CTC,加入 1. 5g 阿扎那韦硫酸氢盐 A型晶体的晶种, 保温搅拌 4-6小时。 缓慢降温至 10 °C, 继续 保温搅拌 4小时。
过滤, 滤饼用冷的丙酮洗涤。 室温下减压干燥 2-3小时,再在 45-55 °C减压干 燥 2-3小时, 得到阿扎那韦硫酸氢盐晶体 167g, 摩尔收率 97. 7%。 HPLC检测化学 纯度为 99. 7%, 单一杂质均小于 0. 1%。
本实施例制得的产物晶体的粉末 X射线衍射图如图 1所示, 差热扫描谱图如 图 2所示, 红外光谱谱图如图 3所示。 实施例 1
将 15g阿扎那韦游离碱 (21.28mmol)、 60ml DMS0加入到反应瓶中, 搅拌, 升 温至 30- 35 °C。
固体溶解后, 向溶液中加入 1. 6ml浓硫酸(29. 44mmol),温度控制在 45-50 °C, 加入 0. lg阿扎那韦硫酸氢盐 A型晶体的晶种, 保温搅拌 3-5小时。然后缓慢降温 至 5 °C, 继续保温搅拌 2小时。
过滤, 滤饼用冷的丙酮洗涤。 45-55 °C减压干燥 5-6小时, 得到阿扎那韦硫酸 氢盐晶体 16. 3g, 摩尔收率 95. 4%。 HPLC检测化学纯度为 99. 8%, 单一杂质均小于 0. 1%。
本实施例制得的产物晶体的粉末 X射线衍射图如图 1所示, 差热扫描谱图如 图 2所示, 红外光谱谱图如图 3所示。 实施例 3
将 50g阿扎那韦游离碱 (70.94mmol)、 500ml丙酮、 30ml DMF加入到反应瓶中, 搅拌, 升温至 35-40 °C。 固体溶解后, 趁热过滤。 滤液中加入 0. 5g活性炭, 保温 继续搅拌 15-30分钟。
过滤, 向滤液中加入 4. 7ml浓硫酸 (86.48mmol), 加完, 升温至 50-60 °C, 加 入 0. 5g阿扎那韦硫酸氢盐 A型晶体的晶种,保温搅拌 2-4小时。缓慢降温至 0 °C, 继续保温搅拌 3小时。
过滤, 滤饼用冷的丙酮洗涤。 室温下减压干燥 2-3小时, 再 45-55 °C减压干
燥 2-3小时, 得到阿扎那韦硫酸氢盐晶体 54. 8g, 摩尔收率 96. 2%。 HPLC检测化 学纯度为 99. 5%, 单一杂质均小于 0. 1%。
本实施例制得的产物晶体的粉末 X射线衍射图如图 1所示, 差热扫描谱图如 图 2所示, 红外光谱谱图如图 3所示。 实施例 4
将 50g阿扎那韦游离碱 (70.94mmol)、 750ml丙酮、 30ml DMF加入到反应瓶中, 搅拌, 升温至 35-40 °C。 固体溶解后, 趁热过滤。 滤液中加入 0. 5g活性炭, 保温 继续搅拌 15-30分钟。
过滤, 向滤液中加入 4. 0ml浓硫酸 (73.60mmol), 加完, 有晶体析出, 升温至
50-60 °C , 保温搅拌 2-4小时。 缓慢降温至 0 °C, 继续保温搅拌 3小时。
过滤, 滤饼用冷的丙酮洗涤。 室温下减压干燥 2-3小时, 再 45-55 °C减压干 燥 2-3小时, 得到阿扎那韦硫酸氢盐晶体 54. 2g, 摩尔收率 95. 2%。 HPLC检测化 学纯度为 99. 7%, 单一杂质均小于 0. 1%。
本实施例制得的产物晶体的粉末 X射线衍射图如图 1所示, 差热扫描谱图如 图 2所示, 红外光谱谱图如图 3所示。 实施例 5
将 150g阿扎那韦游离碱 (212.8mmol)、 1200ml四氢呋喃、 150ml DMS0加入到 反应瓶中, 搅拌, 升温至 45-50 °C。 固体溶解后, 加入 1. 5g活性炭, 保温继续搅 拌 15-30分钟。
过滤,向滤液中加入 13ml浓硫酸 (239.2mmol),温度控制在 45-5CTC,加入 1. 5g 阿扎那韦硫酸氢盐 A型晶体的晶种, 保温搅拌 4-6小时。 缓慢降温至 10 °C, 继续 保温搅拌 4小时。
过滤, 滤饼用冷的四氢呋喃洗涤。 室温下减压干燥 2-3小时,再在 45-55 °C减 压干燥 2-3小时, 得到阿扎那韦硫酸氢盐晶体 165g, 摩尔收率 96. 6%。 HPLC检测 化学纯度为 99. 6%, 单一杂质均小于 0. 1%。
本实施例制得的产物晶体的粉末 X射线衍射图如图 1所示, 差热扫描谱图如 图 2所示, 红外光谱谱图如图 3所示。
实施例 6
将 150g阿扎那韦游离碱 (212.8mmol)、 1500ml醋酸乙酯、 100ml DMS0、 50ml DMF 加入到反应瓶中, 搅拌, 升温至 45-50°C。 固体溶解后, 加入 1. 5g活性炭, 保温 继续搅拌 15-30分钟。
过滤,向滤液中加入 13ml浓硫酸 (239.2mmol),温度控制在 45-5CTC,加入 1. 5g 阿扎那韦硫酸氢盐 A型晶体的晶种, 保温搅拌 4-6小时。 缓慢降温至 10°C, 继续 保温搅拌 4小时。
过滤, 滤饼用冷的醋酸乙酯洗涤。 室温下减压干燥 2-3小时,再在 45-55 °C减 压干燥 2-3小时, 得到阿扎那韦硫酸氢盐晶体 167. lg, 摩尔收率 97. 8%。 HPLC检 测化学纯度为 99. 5%, 单一杂质均小于 0. 1%。
本实施例制得的产物晶体的粉末 X射线衍射图如图 1所示, 差热扫描谱图如 图 2所示, 红外光谱谱图如图 3所示。 对于实施例 1-6制备的阿扎那韦硫酸氢盐结晶, 经 X-射线粉末衍射及差示扫 描量热法、 红外光谱法分析证实所得晶体均为 A型结晶。 在本发明提及的所有文献都在本申请中引用作为参考, 就如同每一篇文献被 单独引用作为参考那样。 此外应理解, 在阅读了本发明的上述讲授内容之后, 本 领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改, 这些等价形式同样落于本申请所 附权利要求书所限定的范围。
Claims
1、 一种阿扎那韦硫酸氢盐 A型结晶的制备方法, 其特征在于, 包括如下步骤:
1) 提供阿扎那韦游离碱与有机溶剂混合的混合体系,其中,所述的有机溶剂选自 下组: DMSO、 DMF、 或含 DMSO和 /或 DMF的混合溶剂, 其中所述混合溶剂由选 自 (i)组的一种或多种溶剂与选自 (ii)组的一种或多种溶剂构成,
(i) 组溶剂为: DMSO和 DMF;
(ϋ) 组溶剂为: 丙酮、 醚类溶剂和酯类溶剂;
2) 向上述体系中加入浓硫酸;
3) 从所述体系中析出晶体, 得到阿扎那韦硫酸氢盐 A型结晶。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述的醚类溶剂选自下组: 乙醚、 环氧丙垸、 四氢呋喃、 二氧六环、 乙二醇二甲醚、 乙二醇二乙醚、 二乙二醇二甲醚、 二乙二醇二乙醚, 或其组合; 和 /或
所述的酯类溶剂选自下组: 醋酸甲酯、 醋酸乙酯、 醋酸丙酯、 醋酸丁酯, 或其 组合。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 在混合溶剂中, 各溶剂的用量均 可以为 1〜100重量份, 较佳地为 1〜30重量份。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 步骤 1)中, 有机溶剂与阿扎那韦 游离碱的体积重量比为 l〜100 ml: lg, 优选为 l〜50ml: lg, 更佳地, 有机溶剂与阿扎 那韦游离碱的体积重量比为 l〜20 ml: lg。
5、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 步骤 2)中浓硫酸与阿扎那韦游离 碱的摩尔比为 0.1〜2: 1, 优选为 0.5〜1.8: 1, 更优选为 0.9〜1.5: 1。
6、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 在析出晶体过程之前、 或之中加 入晶种, 较佳地加入阿扎那韦 A型晶体作为晶种。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述晶种的投料量与阿扎那韦游 离碱质量之比为: 0.1〜30: 100, 优选为 0.5〜2: 100。
8、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述方法还具有一个或多个以下 特征:
(a)在步骤 (1)中, 在 25-60°C下 (较佳地 30-50°C), 将阿扎那韦游离碱溶解于有机溶 剂, 形成溶液;
(b)在步骤 (2)中, 在 20-70°C下 (较佳地 35-50°C), 加入浓硫酸;
(c)在步骤 (3)中, 在 20-80°C下 (较佳地 45-60°C), 加入晶种;
(d)在步骤 (3)中, 析出晶体时间为 8〜10小时;
(e)在步骤 (3)中, 在 -20-30°C下 (较佳地 -10-20°C), 从所述溶液中析出晶体;
(f)在步骤 (3)中, 还包括对析出晶体后的溶液进行过滤, 从而分离得到阿扎那韦硫 酸氢盐 A型结晶。
9、 据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 步骤 1)中, 所述的阿扎那韦游离碱 溶解于有机溶剂的溶液, 是经过过滤处理和 /或脱色处理的溶液。
10、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述浓硫酸的摩尔浓度为 15〜 18.4mol/L。
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