WO2014025005A1 - 多層フィルム、加飾成形用フィルムおよび成形体 - Google Patents
多層フィルム、加飾成形用フィルムおよび成形体 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014025005A1 WO2014025005A1 PCT/JP2013/071582 JP2013071582W WO2014025005A1 WO 2014025005 A1 WO2014025005 A1 WO 2014025005A1 JP 2013071582 W JP2013071582 W JP 2013071582W WO 2014025005 A1 WO2014025005 A1 WO 2014025005A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- film
- multilayer film
- thickness
- molding
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
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- GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethylhexyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C=C GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WDQMWEYDKDCEHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C(C)=C WDQMWEYDKDCEHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ICYDRUIZSPKQOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)decyl]phenol Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(CCCCCCCCC)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 ICYDRUIZSPKQOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- WJZHBPSXJJQGJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[2,6-di(propan-2-yl)phenyl]phenol Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=CC(C(C)C)=C1C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 WJZHBPSXJJQGJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGFSOACUVJLBAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,3-dimethylbutan-2-yl]phenol Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C(C)(C)C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 VGFSOACUVJLBAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KANXFMWQMYCHHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-methylbutan-2-yl]phenol Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C(C)C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 KANXFMWQMYCHHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VHLLJTHDWPAQEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-methylpentan-2-yl]phenol Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(CC(C)C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 VHLLJTHDWPAQEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YWFPGFJLYRKYJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9,9-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)fluorene Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C1(C=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C2=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C21 YWFPGFJLYRKYJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930185605 Bisphenol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- HTVITOHKHWFJKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bisphenol B Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(CC)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 HTVITOHKHWFJKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SDDLEVPIDBLVHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bisphenol Z Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C1(C=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)CCCCC1 SDDLEVPIDBLVHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002799 BoPET Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCC(O)O CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B11/00—Making preforms
- B29B11/14—Making preforms characterised by structure or composition
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/16—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers
- B29C48/18—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/16—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers
- B29C48/18—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
- B29C48/21—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers the layers being joined at their surfaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C49/071—Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration, e.g. geometry, dimensions or physical properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/308—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising acrylic (co)polymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
- B32B27/365—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters comprising polycarbonates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
- B32B3/10—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2949/00—Indexing scheme relating to blow-moulding
- B29C2949/07—Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration
- B29C2949/0715—Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration the preform having one end closed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
- B29C48/002—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with surface shaping
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
- B29C48/08—Flat, e.g. panels flexible, e.g. films
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2033/00—Use of polymers of unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof as moulding material
- B29K2033/04—Polymers of esters
- B29K2033/08—Polymers of acrylic acid esters, e.g. PMA, i.e. polymethylacrylate
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2069/00—Use of PC, i.e. polycarbonates or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/03—3 layers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/24—All layers being polymeric
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
- B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/536—Hardness
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2451/00—Decorative or ornamental articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24942—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including components having same physical characteristic in differing degree
- Y10T428/2495—Thickness [relative or absolute]
Definitions
- This invention relates to the multilayer film used for the surface decoration use of a molded object, and its molded object.
- Decorative molding methods such as in-mold transfer, in-mold lamination, and vacuum / pressure forming lamination are traditionally used for home appliances, automotive interior parts, general merchandise, etc. Innovation is also progressing, and the scope of application is greatly expanded.
- a film for decorative molding in which printing, shaping, metal vapor deposition, or the like is applied to the film is used. So far, acrylic films, PET films, polycarbonate films and the like have been used as the base film. Properties required for such a base film include thermoformability to be accurately transferred to a target shape, solvent resistance required for decoration on the film surface such as printing, surface hardness, heat resistance, and transparency. Properties, weather resistance and the like.
- acrylic films are excellent in transparency and weather resistance, and because they are highly brittle and easy to break, they have excellent trimming properties for specific decorative molding methods and are often used in this application. ing.
- the acrylic film has a limit in the development to applications requiring heat resistance, and it is difficult to apply it to a field requiring high heat resistance while maintaining ease of cracking during trimming.
- a polycarbonate film although it has high heat resistance, it is inferior in trimming properties because it is more ductile and hard to break than an acrylic film.
- Patent Documents 1 to 10 As one of the measures for improving the base material properties, a laminated film in which an acrylic resin layer is laminated on at least one surface of a polycarbonate resin layer has been proposed (see Patent Documents 1 to 10). While this laminated film improves the heat resistance of the acrylic film, its surface hardness, solvent resistance and weather resistance are improved when viewed from the polycarbonate film side. It aims to be a certain characteristic. However, trimming properties and surface hardness are not satisfactory as compared with acrylic single layer films, and thermoformability, appearance after molding and transparency are often problematic. Thus, as a base material for decorative molding film, various improvements in its properties have been studied from the structural aspect of improving the material surface and making it a laminated body, but it is still not sufficient, and further improvements have been made. It has been demanded.
- layers (B-1 layer and B-2 layer) made of an acrylic resin are laminated on both sides of a layer (A layer) made of a polycarbonate resin having a viscosity average molecular weight of 13,000 or more and less than 20,000.
- a layer made of a polycarbonate resin having a viscosity average molecular weight of 13,000 or more and less than 20,000.
- a decorative molded body comprising the substrate and the film for decorative molding according to item 3 formed on the surface thereof. 5.
- the multilayer film of the present invention has a layer containing polycarbonate resin (A layer) and a layer containing acrylic resin (B-1 layer and B-2 layer). That is, it is a multilayer film in which the B-1 layer and the B-2 layer are respectively laminated on both surfaces of the A layer.
- the polycarbonate resin is a polymer in which a dihydroxy compound is bound by a carbonate ester bond, and is usually obtained by reacting a dihydroxy component and a carbonate precursor by an interfacial polymerization method or a melt polymerization method.
- dihydroxy component examples include 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane (commonly called bisphenol A), 2,2-bis ⁇ (4-hydroxy-3-methyl) phenyl ⁇ propane, 2,2 -Bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) butane, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -3-methylbutane, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -3,3-dimethylbutane, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -4-methylpentane, 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) cyclohexane, 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane, 1,1- Bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) octane, 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) decane, 9,9-bis ⁇ (4-hydroxy-3-me L) phenyl ⁇ fluorene, 9,9-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) fluorene, ⁇ , ⁇ ′-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl
- a homopolymer using these singly or a copolymer obtained by copolymerizing two or more types may be used.
- Bisphenol A is preferable from the viewpoint of physical properties and cost.
- a polycarbonate in which 50 mol% or more of the bisphenol component is bisphenol A is preferable, more preferably 60 mol% or more, and still more preferably 90 mol% or more.
- Specific polycarbonates include a homopolymer of bisphenol A, a binary copolymer of bisphenol A and 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane, bisphenol A and 9,9- Examples thereof include binary copolymers with bis ⁇ (4-hydroxy-3-methyl) phenyl ⁇ fluorene.
- the glass transition temperature of the polycarbonate resin is preferably in the range of 100 to 200 ° C, more preferably in the range of 120 to 180 ° C, and still more preferably in the range of 135 to 150 ° C. If the glass transition temperature is too high, the melt viscosity becomes too high and it becomes difficult to form a film, and if the glass transition temperature is too low, the heat resistance of the multilayer film is insufficient, so that it is not suitable for this application.
- the carbonate precursor carbonyl halide, carbonate ester, haloformate or the like is used, and specific examples include phosgene, diphenyl carbonate, dihaloformate of dihydric phenol, and the like.
- a catalyst, a terminal terminator, a dihydric phenol antioxidant, etc. are added as necessary. May be used.
- the polycarbonate resin may be a branched polycarbonate resin copolymerized with a trifunctional or higher polyfunctional aromatic compound, or may be a polyester carbonate resin copolymerized with an aromatic or aliphatic difunctional carboxylic acid, Moreover, the mixture which mixed 2 or more types of the obtained polycarbonate resin may be sufficient.
- the molecular weight of the polycarbonate resin is in the range of 13,000 or more and less than 20,000, expressed as a viscosity average molecular weight.
- the molecular weight is lower than 13,000, the melt viscosity is too low to make melt film formation difficult, and when the molecular weight is 20,000 or more, the toughness becomes strong as a multilayer film, and trimming after decorative molding becomes difficult.
- it is the range of 14,000 or more and 19,000 or less, More preferably, it is the range of 15,000 or more and 18,500 or less.
- the polycarbonate resin is a mixture of two or more, it represents the molecular weight of the entire mixture.
- the viscosity average molecular weight is a value obtained by measuring the specific viscosity ( ⁇ sp ) at 20 ° C. of a solution of 0.7 g of polycarbonate dissolved in 100 mL of methylene chloride, and calculating the viscosity average molecular weight (Mv) from the following formula.
- the acrylic resin for the B-1 layer and the B-2 layer is mainly composed of a methacrylic acid ester or an acrylic acid ester polymer.
- acrylic resin examples include a homopolymer of methyl methacrylate or a copolymer containing preferably 50% by weight or more, more preferably 70% by weight or more, and further preferably 80% by weight or more of methyl methacrylate.
- examples of other copolymer components include ethyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, and the like.
- another ethylenically unsaturated monomer is mentioned as another copolymerization component.
- vinyl aromatic compounds such as styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene and vinyltoluene, diene compounds such as 1,3-butadiene and isoprene, alkenyl cyanide compounds such as acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, Examples thereof include maleic anhydride and N-substituted maleimide. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content of the copolymer component is preferably 0 to 50% by weight, more preferably 0 to 30% by weight, and still more preferably 0 to 20% by weight.
- the acrylic resin production method is generally roughly classified into an emulsion polymerization method, a suspension polymerization method, and a continuous polymerization method.
- the acrylic resin used in the present invention may be produced by any polymerization method.
- rubber particles may be added to the acrylic resin in order to improve burrs and cracks during thermoforming of the multilayer film, as long as the effects of the invention are not impaired. Toughness improvement by adding rubber particles to an acrylic resin is a well-known technique and widely used, and can also be used in the present invention. In general, when rubber particles are added, the transparency tends to decrease. In the present invention, it is preferable to use rubber particles having the highest transparency.
- a core-shell structure in which a core layer made of an acrylic cross-linked elastic polymer is wrapped with a methacrylic ester resin, a methacrylic ester resin in the center is wrapped with an acrylic cross-linked elastic polymer, and The thing etc. which were made into the 3 layer structure which coat
- the rubber particles having such a multilayer structure have a good dispersibility with respect to the acrylic resin, and a highly transparent multilayer film can be obtained.
- the presence or absence of rubber particles, and the type, amount, and size of such rubber particles when containing rubber particles Etc. may be determined.
- the multilayer film of the present invention has a total thickness in the range of 50 to 200 ⁇ m, preferably in the range of 50 to 150 ⁇ m, and more preferably in the range of 60 to 130 ⁇ m. If the total thickness is too thin, handling becomes difficult and it is not suitable for use as a decorative film, and also difficult to produce.
- the thickness of the A layer is 5 to 30% of the total thickness.
- the thickness of the A layer is more preferably 10 to 25% of the total thickness.
- the thicknesses of the B-1 layer and the B-2 layer are preferably 20 ⁇ m or more. If the thickness of the B-1 layer or the B-2 layer is less than 20 ⁇ m, the surface hardness and the solvent resistance are insufficient, which is not preferable.
- the thickness of B-1 layer or B-2 layer is 30 micrometers or more, More preferably, it is 40 micrometers or more. Although the upper limit of the thickness of B-1 layer or B-2 layer is decided by the total thickness and the thickness of A layer, 90 micrometers or less are preferable and 70 micrometers or less are more preferable.
- the base film of the decorative molding film a highly transparent film is preferable.
- the multilayer film of the present invention preferably has a total light transmittance of 90% or more, more preferably 91% or more. Moreover, it is preferable that haze is 4% or less, More preferably, it is 3% or less, More preferably, it is 2% or less, Most preferably, it is 1% or less.
- the multilayer film of the present invention can be produced by a conventionally known method.
- each layer is formed in advance separately and laminated, or a method of thermocompression pressing, a film of one layer formed in advance as a base material, a method of forming the other layer by coating on both surfaces, A method of laminating and forming each resin layer by a coextrusion method and the like can be mentioned.
- a production method by a coextrusion method is most preferable from the viewpoints of economy and production stability.
- the multilayer film of the present invention can be produced by coextrusion of the molding material A for the A layer, the molding material B-1 for the B-1 layer, and the molding material B-2 for the B-2 layer.
- the coextrusion method is a method of obtaining a multilayer film by melt-extruding molding material A, molding material B-1 and molding material B-2 using separate extruders and laminating them using a feed block or a multi-manifold die.
- the total thickness and thickness composition of the resulting multilayer film can be controlled by adjusting the extrusion amount, film forming speed, die slip interval, etc. of each extruder.
- the molten resin from the die is generally cooled with a cooling roll and then wound into a roll to produce a film.
- a protective film is attached to the multilayer film and wound up. May be.
- the acrylic resin does not contain rubber particles, it may be difficult to wind up as it is due to insufficient surface slipperiness. In such a case, it is preferable to wind up with a protective film.
- a known protective film such as polyethylene or polypropylene can be used. If the acrylic resin contains rubber particles and the resulting multilayer film has good surface slipperiness, it can be wound as it is without using a protective film.
- the decorative molding film of the present invention is a film in which one surface of the multilayer film is decorated.
- the decoration method include formation of a pattern layer by printing, formation of a metal or metal oxide thin film layer, and the like, which may be used in combination.
- a printing method for forming the pattern layer known printing methods such as gravure printing, flat printing, flexographic printing, dry offset printing, pad printing, and screen printing can be used depending on the product shape and printing application.
- Examples of the method for forming a metal or metal oxide thin film layer include vapor deposition, thermal spraying, and plating. Specific examples of the vapor deposition method include vacuum vapor deposition, sputtering, ion plating, thermal CVD, plasma CVD, and photo CVD.
- thermal spraying method examples include an atmospheric pressure plasma spraying method and a low pressure plasma spraying method.
- plating method examples include an electroless plating method, a hot dipping method, and an electroplating method.
- the vapor deposition method can easily form a metal layer, and is also preferably used from the viewpoint of quality and environment.
- an adhesive layer or an adhesive layer may be further formed on the film decorated on one surface of the multilayer film. Such a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer or adhesive layer improves the adhesion between the object to be decorated and the film for decorative molding during thermoforming.
- the decorated surface is often on the side of the object to be decorated, and thus the adhesive layer and the adhesive layer are preferably formed on the decorated surface of the base film.
- a heat-sensitive or pressure-sensitive adhesive or adhesive suitable for the material of the base film and the object to be decorated can be applied.
- it has an adhesive layer or an adhesive layer, it is usually provided with a release film attached thereto.
- the decorative molding film of the present invention is subjected to various surface treatments such as a hard coat, a water / oil repellent coat, an ultraviolet absorption coat, an infrared absorption coat, and a metal deposition coat on the surface opposite to the object to be decorated. You can go.
- the decorative molded body of the present invention includes the base material and the above-described decorative molding film formed on the surface thereof.
- a base material is a molded object which has the shape of the various components mentioned later.
- a base material is comprised with various resin, such as a thermoplastic resin and a thermosetting resin.
- As decorative molded bodies automotive interior materials, automotive indicator panels, electrical appliances, cosmetic cases, building materials interior and exterior products, cases of various equipment, products and miscellaneous goods, switches, keys, keypads, handles, levers, buttons, home appliances -AV equipment such as personal computers and mobile phones, and mobile equipment housings and exterior parts.
- the decorative molded body has excellent transferability of the decorative layer, high surface hardness, excellent weather resistance and heat resistance, various electronic and electrical equipment, vehicle parts, machine parts, other building materials, agricultural and fishery materials, It is useful as various products such as transport containers, packaging containers, and miscellaneous goods.
- the decorative molded body can obtain a decorative molded body on the surface by performing various conventionally known moldings using a decorative molding film.
- a molding method in the mold decoration method in injection molding, a decorative molding film that has been vacuum-formed in advance along the injection mold is set in the mold, and a molten resin is injected there There is an insert molding method in which a film is welded to a product simultaneously with injection molding.
- a film for decorative molding is attached to the mold cavity side under vacuum pressure, and the film is formed by applying heat and pressure simultaneously during injection molding.
- the method of bonding to a molded object is mentioned.
- the method of laminating by vacuum forming or pressure forming is mentioned.
- it is also preferably used for an in-mold transfer molding method in which only a decorative layer is transferred to a molded body when a decorative molding film is simultaneously molded during injection molding by a decoration method in an injection mold.
- thermoforming As a method for heating the decorative molding film during thermoforming, various methods such as an infrared heater, an electric heater, a high frequency induction, a halogen lamp, a microwave, a high temperature derivative (such as steam), and a laser can be used.
- Viscosity average molecular weight of polycarbonate The viscosity average molecular weight (M) of polycarbonate was calculated from the following formula by determining the intrinsic viscosity [ ⁇ ] from viscosity measurement at 20 ° C. of a methylene chloride solution having a concentration of 0.7 g / dL.
- Thermal shrinkage rate (%) (100.0 ⁇ marked line length after heating) /100.0 ⁇ 100 (8)
- Trimming property A decorative molded body in which an excess film protruded about 30 mm from the end face on the outer periphery of the molded body was prepared by an insert mold method. In the process of trimming the excess film, it was judged whether it could be easily removed by folding it by hand, and further, burrs could be removed from the end face of the molded body without any residue. ⁇ : The excess film can be easily removed by folding the film by hand, and no burrs are left on the substrate side. X: Even if the excess film is folded by hand, it cannot be easily removed, and burrs remain on the substrate side.
- Example 1 Polycarbonate resin pellets (Panlite AD5503 manufactured by Teijin Chemicals Ltd., viscosity average molecular weight 15,200) were prepared. (Molding materials B-1 and B-2) As the molding material B-1 for the B-1 layer and the molding material B-2 for the B-2 layer, an acrylic resin (PLEXIGLAS8N (8N) manufactured by Degussa; standard grade) was prepared. (Co-extrusion) Using a single screw extruder having a screw diameter of 40 mm, the molding material A and the molding materials B-1 and B-2 are respectively cylinder temperatures of 240 ° C. (molding material A) and 250 ° C. (molding materials B-1 and B-2).
- Example 2 Except for changing the thickness ratio of the A layer and the winding speed, a film was formed in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a multilayer film in which the total thickness was 129 ⁇ m and the thickness of the A layer was adjusted to 11% of the total thickness. Table 1 shows the film properties.
- Example 3 Except for changing the thickness ratio of the A layer and the winding speed, a film was formed in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a multilayer film in which the total thickness was 73 ⁇ m and the thickness of the A layer was adjusted to 10% of the total thickness. Table 1 shows the film properties. The heat shrinkage and trimming properties were good as in Example 1.
- Example 4 Film was formed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the molding material A was changed to Panlite L1225JM (viscosity average molecular weight 18,500) manufactured by Teijin Chemicals Ltd., and the thickness ratio of the A layer and the winding speed were changed.
- Panlite L1225JM viscosity average molecular weight 18,500
- Example 5 Films were formed in the same manner as in Example 4 except that the molding materials B-1 and B-2 were changed to acrylic resin (Acrypet VH001 manufactured by Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd.) and the thickness ratio of the A layer and the winding speed were changed. Thus, a multilayer film having a thickness of 75 ⁇ m and a thickness of the A layer adjusted to 16% of the total thickness was obtained. Table 1 shows the film properties. The heat shrinkage and trimming properties were good as in Example 1. Comparative Example 1 As molding material A, Teijin Chemicals Ltd.
- Panlite L-1250 (viscosity average molecular weight 23,700) was changed, and the film was formed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the thickness ratio of the A layer and the winding speed were changed.
- a multilayer film having a thickness of 128 ⁇ m and an A layer adjusted to 20% of the total thickness was obtained.
- Table 1 shows the film properties. Trimming properties were difficult because of high viscosity average molecular weight, high ductility and resistance to cracking.
- Comparative Example 2 A multilayer film having a thickness of 125 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the thickness ratio of the A layer and the winding speed were changed.
- Table 1 shows the film properties. Trimmability was difficult due to high ductility and resistance to cracking.
- Comparative Example 4 Acrylic resin (Acrypet VH001 manufactured by Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd.) is extruded from a 650 mm wide T-die at a cylinder temperature of 250 ° C. using a single-screw extruder with a screw diameter of 40 mm, instead of a feed block system. An acrylic film having a width of 400 mm was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1. Table 1 shows the physical properties of the obtained film. The film had high haze and heat shrinkage and low heat resistance.
- the multilayer film of the present invention is excellent in heat resistance, trimming properties, surface hardness, heat shrinkage rate and the like. According to the production method of the present invention, a multilayer film having the above-mentioned excellent characteristics can be produced.
- the multilayer film of the present invention is useful as a material for decorative molding.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
かかる基材フィルムに求められる特性としては、目標の形状に正確に転写されるという熱成形性、印刷等のフィルム表面への加飾の際に必要な耐溶剤性、表面硬度、耐熱性、透明性、耐候性等が挙げられる。しかし、これら特性を全て満足する基材はなく、これまで用途に応じて問題を抱えながらも使用してきたのが現状である。
例えばアクリルフィルムは、その優れた透明性や耐候性に優れており、またフィルムの脆性が高く割れやすいという特徴から、特定の加飾成形加工方法のトリミング性に優れ、本用途には多く用いられている。しかしながらアクリルフィルムは耐熱性の要求される用途への展開に限界があり、トリミング時の割れやすさを維持しつつ高い耐熱性を要求される分野への適用が困難である。
またポリカーボネートフィルムの場合、耐熱性は高いものの、アクリルフィルムに比べて延性が高く割れにくいためトリミング性に劣っている。
かかる基材特性の改善策の一つとして、ポリカーボネート樹脂層の少なくとも一方の面にアクリル樹脂層を積層させた積層フィルムが提案されている(特許文献1~10参照)。
この積層フィルムは、アクリルフィルムの耐熱性を改善する一方、ポリカーボネートフィルムの面から見るとその表面硬度、耐溶剤性および耐候性が改善されることになり、いわば“いいところ取り”してバランスのある特性となるように狙ったものである。しかし、トリミング性や表面硬度はアクリル単層フィルムに比べて満足できておらず、また熱成形性や成形後の外観、透明性が問題になる場合が多かった。
このように加飾成形用フィルムの基材として、これまで素材面の改良や積層体にするといった構成面からもその特性改善が様々に検討されてきてはいるが未だ十分ではなく、さらなる改良が求められている。
本発明者らは、ポリカーボネート樹脂層およびアクリル樹脂層を有する多層フィルムについて、ポリカーボネート樹脂層の素材面およびポリカーボネート樹脂層とアクリル樹脂層の厚み構成について鋭意検討した。その結果、粘度平均分子量が13,000以上20,000未満のポリカーボネート樹脂からなる層(A層)の両面にアクリル系樹脂からなる層(B−1層およびB−2層)を積層し、A層厚みを全体の厚みの5%~30%に調整することで、耐熱性、透明性、表面硬度、トリミング性に優れ、低熱収縮率の多層フィルムが得られることを見出し、本発明に到達した。
すなわち本発明は以下の通りのものである。
1.粘度平均分子量が13,000以上20,000未満のポリカーボネート樹脂を含む層(A層)、およびA層の両面に積層されたアクリル系樹脂を含む層(B−1層およびB−2層)を含み、全体の厚みが50~200μmで、かつA層の厚みが全体厚みの5%~30%である多層フィルム。
2.ヘイズが4%以下である前項1に記載の多層フィルム。
3.前項1または2に記載の多層フィルムの一方の面に加飾が施された加飾成形用フィルム。
4.基材およびその表面に形成された前項3に記載の加飾成形用フィルムを含む加飾成形体。
5.A層を構成する粘度平均分子量が13,000以上20,000未満のポリカーボネート樹脂を含む成形材料A、B−1層を構成するアクリル系樹脂を含む成形材料B−1およびB−2層を構成するアクリル系樹脂を含む成形材料B−2を共押出することからなるA層の両面にそれぞれB−1層およびB−2層が積層された前項1記載の多層フィルムの製造方法。
[多層フィルム]
本発明の多層フィルムは、ポリカーボネート樹脂を含む層(A層)並びにアクリル系樹脂を含む層(B−1層およびB−2層)を有している。すなわち、A層の両面にそれぞれB−1層およびB−2層が積層された多層フィルムである。
<ポリカーボネート樹脂>
ポリカーボネート樹脂は、ジヒドロキシ化合物が炭酸エステル結合により結ばれたポリマーであり、通常、ジヒドロキシ成分とカーボネート前駆体とを界面重合法または溶融重合法で反応させて得られるものである。
ジヒドロキシ成分の代表的な例としては、2,2−ビス(4−ヒドロキシフェニル)プロパン(通称ビスフェノールA)、2,2−ビス{(4−ヒドロキシ−3−メチル)フェニル}プロパン、2,2−ビス(4−ヒドロキシフェニル)ブタン、2,2−ビス(4−ヒドロキシフェニル)−3−メチルブタン、2,2−ビス(4−ヒドロキシフェニル)−3,3−ジメチルブタン、2,2−ビス(4−ヒドロキシフェニル)−4−メチルペンタン、1,1−ビス(4−ヒドロキシフェニル)シクロヘキサン、1,1−ビス(4−ヒドロキシフェニル)−3,3,5−トリメチルシクロヘキサン、1,1−ビス(4−ヒドロキシフェニル)オクタン、1,1−ビス(4−ヒドロキシフェニル)デカン、9,9−ビス{(4−ヒドロキシ−3−メチル)フェニル}フルオレン、9,9−ビス(4−ヒドロキシフェニル)フルオレン、α,α’−ビス(4−ヒドロキシフェニル)−m−ジイソプロピルベンゼン、イソソルビド、1,3−プロパンジオール、1,4−ブタンジオール、1,6−ヘキサンジオール等が挙げられる。これらを単独で使用したホモポリマーでも、2種類以上共重合した共重合体であっても良い。物性面、コスト面からビスフェノールAが好ましい。本発明ではビスフェノール成分の50モル%以上がビスフェノールAであるポリカーボネートが好ましく、より好ましくは60モル%以上、さらに好ましくは90モル%以上である。
具体的なポリカーボネートとして、ビスフェノールAのホモポリマー、ビスフェノールAと1,1−ビス(4−ヒドロキシフェニル)−3,3,5−トリメチルシクロヘキサンとの2元共重合体、ビスフェノールAと9,9−ビス{(4−ヒドロキシ−3−メチル)フェニル}フルオレンとの2元共重合体等を挙げることができる。ビスフェノールAのホモポリマーが最も好ましい。
該ポリカーボネート樹脂のガラス転移温度は、100~200℃の範囲が好ましく、より好ましく120~180℃の範囲であり、さらに好ましくは135~150℃の範囲である。ガラス転移温度が高すぎるとその溶融粘度が高くなりすぎて溶融製膜が困難となるため好ましくなく、またガラス転移温度が低すぎると多層フィルムの耐熱性が不足するため本用途には相応しくない。
カーボネート前駆体としてはカルボニルハライド、カーボネートエステルまたはハロホルメート等が使用され、具体的にはホスゲン、ジフェニルカーボネートまたは二価フェノールのジハロホルメート等が挙げられる。
上記二価ジヒドロキシ化合物とカーボネート前駆体を界面重合法または溶融重合法によって反応させてポリカーボネート樹脂を製造するに当っては、必要に応じて触媒、末端停止剤、二価フェノールの酸化防止剤等を使用してもよい。またポリカーボネート樹脂は三官能以上の多官能性芳香族化合物を共重合した分岐ポリカーボネート樹脂であっても、芳香族または脂肪族の二官能性カルボン酸を共重合したポリエステルカーボネート樹脂であってもよく、また、得られたポリカーボネート樹脂の2種以上を混合した混合物であってもよい。
ポリカーボネート樹脂の分子量は、粘度平均分子量で表して13,000以上20,000未満の範囲である。該分子量が13,000より低いと溶融粘度が低すぎてしまい溶融製膜が困難となり、また20,000以上になると多層フィルムとして靭性が強くなり、加飾成形した後のトリミングが困難となる。好ましくは14,000以上19,000以下の範囲であり、より好ましくは15,000以上18,500以下の範囲である。ポリカーボネート樹脂が2種以上の混合物の場合は混合物全体での分子量を表す。ここで粘度平均分子量とは、塩化メチレン100mLにポリカーボネート0.7gを溶解した溶液の20℃における比粘度(ηsp)を測定し、下記式から粘度平均分子量(Mv)を算出したものである。
ηsp/c=[η]+0.45×[η]2c
[η]=1.23×10−4M0.83
(但しc=0.7g/dL、[η]は極限粘度)
さらにかかるポリカーボネート樹脂に、一般的な熱安定剤、紫外線吸収剤、耐光安定剤、着色剤、離型剤、滑剤、帯電防止剤等の各種添加剤を加えても良い。
<アクリル系樹脂>
本発明においてB−1層およびB−2層用のアクリル系樹脂は、メタクリル酸エステルまたはアクリル酸エステルの重合体を主体とするものである。アクリル系樹脂として、メタクリル酸メチルのホモ重合体、あるいはメタクリル酸メチルを好ましくは50重量%以上、より好ましくは70重量%以上、さらに好ましくは80重量%以上含む共重合体を挙げることが出来る。
他の共重合成分として、メタクリル酸エチル、メタクリル酸ブチル、メタクリル酸2−エチルヘキシル、アクリル酸メチル、アクリル酸エチル、アクリル酸ブチル、アクリル酸2−エチルヘキシル等が挙げられる。
また他の共重合成分として、他のエチレン性不飽和単量体が挙げられる。具体的にはスチレン、α−メチルスチレン、ビニルトルエン等のビニル芳香族化合物、1,3−ブタジエン、イソプレン等のジエン系化合物、アクリロニトリル、メタクリロニトリル等のアルケニルシアン化合物、アクリル酸、メタクリル酸、無水マレイン酸、N−置換マレイミド等が挙げられる。これらは単独で用いても良いし、2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。共重合成分の含有量は、好ましくは0~50重量%、より好ましくは0~30重量%、さらに好ましくは0~20重量%である。
アクリル樹脂の製造方法は一般に、乳化重合法、懸濁重合法、連続重合法に大別されるが、本発明に用いられるアクリル樹脂はいずれの重合方法により製造されたものであっても良い。
本発明では発明の効果を損なわない範囲で、多層フィルムの熱成形時のバリ、割れの改善のためアクリル樹脂にゴム粒子を添加しても良い。アクリル樹脂にゴム粒子を加えることによる靭性改善は公知の技術であり広く用いられており、本発明でも用いることが出来る。一般にゴム粒子を加えると透明性が低下する傾向にあり、本発明では出来るだけ透明性の高いゴム粒子を用いることが好ましい。好ましいゴム粒子として、アクリル系の架橋弾性重合体からなるコア層をメタクリル酸エステル樹脂で包んだコアシェル構造としたもの、また中心部のメタクリル酸エステル樹脂をアクリル系の架橋弾性重合体で包み、さらにその外側をメタクリル酸エステル樹脂で被覆した3層構造としたもの等が挙げられる。かかる多層構造のゴム粒子はアクリル樹脂に対する分散性が良好であり、透明性の高い多層フィルムを得ることが可能である。本発明では加飾成形の際に基材フィルムに要求される靭性、透明性を総合的に勘案して、ゴム粒子の有無、およびゴム粒子を含有する場合はかかるゴム粒子の種類、量、サイズ等を決定すれば良い。
さらにかかるアクリル系樹脂に、一般的な熱安定剤、紫外線吸収剤、耐光安定剤、着色剤、離型剤、滑剤、帯電防止剤、艶消し剤等の各種添加剤を加えても良い。
<層構成>
本発明の多層フィルムは、その総厚みが50~200μmの範囲であり、好ましくは50~150μmの範囲であり、より好ましくは60~130μmの範囲である。総厚みが薄すぎるとハンドリングが困難となり加飾フィルム用途として相応しくなくまた生産上も困難となる。一方、総厚みが厚すぎるのも、熱成形時のフィルム加熱に時間がかかったり、熱成形性が低下したりすることがあるため好ましくない。
また本発明で好ましい多層フィルムの厚み組成は、A層の厚みが総厚みの5~30%である。A層の厚みは、より好ましくは総厚みの10~25%である。A層の厚みが5%未満では耐熱性や熱収縮率が劣り、30%を超えるとトリミング性が劣り好ましくない。
B−1層およびB−2層の厚みは20μm以上であることが好ましい。B−1層またはB−2層の厚みが20μmより薄いと、表面硬度や耐溶剤性の特性が不十分となるため好ましくない。より好ましくはB−1層またはB−2層の厚みが30μm以上であり、さらに好ましくは40μm以上である。B−1層またはB−2層の厚みの上限は、総厚みおよびA層の厚みにより決まってくるが、90μm以下が好ましく、70μm以下がより好ましい。
加飾成形用フィルムの基材フィルムとしては透明性の高いものが好ましい。本発明の多層フィルムは、その全光線透過率は90%以上が好ましく、91%以上がより好ましい。また、ヘイズが4%以下であることが好ましく、より好ましくは3%以下であり、さらに好ましくは2%以下であり、特に好ましくは1%以下である。
<多層フィルムの製造方法>
本発明の多層フィルムは、従来公知の方法により製造することが出来る。例えば各層を予め別々に製膜しておきラミネートする、あるいは熱圧着プレスする方法、予め製膜した一方の層のフィルムを基材として、その両面にコーティングしてもう一方の層を形成させる方法、それぞれの樹脂層を共押出法により積層製膜する方法等が挙げられる。中でも経済性、生産安定性等から共押出法による製造方法がもっとも好ましい。
即ち、本発明の多層フィルムは、A層用の成形材料A、B−1層用の成形材料B−1およびB−2層用の成形材料B−2を共押出して製造することができる。
共押出法は、成形材料A、成形材料B−1および成形材料B−2を別々の押出機を用いて溶融押出しし、フィードブロックまたはマルチマニホールドダイを用いて積層することにより多層フィルムを得る方法であり、各押出機の押出量や製膜速度、ダイスリップ間隔等を調整することにより、得られる多層フィルムの総厚みおよび厚み組成をコントロールすることが可能である。
共押出法の場合、一般にダイスから出た溶融樹脂を冷却ロールで冷却した後、ロール状に巻き取ることによりフィルムを製造するが、本発明ではかかる際に多層フィルムにプロテクトフィルムを付けて巻き取っても良い。特にアクリル系樹脂がゴム粒子を含まない場合、表面の滑り性が不足してそのまま巻き取ることが困難な場合があり、かかる場合にはプロテクトフィルムを付けて巻き取ることが好ましい。かかる際には、ポリエチレン系、ポリプロピレン系等の公知のプロテクトフィルムを用いることが出来る。またアクリル系樹脂がゴム粒子を含み、得られる多層フィルムの表面の滑り性が良好な場合は、プロテクトフィルムを使用せずにそのまま巻き取ることも可能である。
[加飾成形用フィルム]
本発明の加飾成形用フィルムは前述の多層フィルムの一方の面に加飾が施されたフィルムである。
加飾方法としては、印刷による図柄層の形成、金属または金属酸化物の薄膜層の形成等が挙げられ、これらを組み合わせて用いても良い。
図柄層を形成するための印刷方法としては、グラビア印刷、平板印刷、フレキソ印刷、ドライオフセット印刷、パット印刷、スクリーン印刷等の公知の印刷方法を製品形状や印刷用途に応じて使用することが出来る。また金属または金属酸化物の薄膜層形成の方法としては、蒸着、溶射法、メッキ法等が挙げられる。蒸着法として具体的には、真空蒸着法、スパッタリング、イオンプレーティング、熱CVD法、プラズマCVD法、光CVD法等の方法を挙げることが出来る。また溶射法としては、大気圧プラズマ溶射法、減圧プラズマ溶射法等が挙げられる。メッキ法としては、無電解メッキ法、溶融メッキ法、電気メッキ法等が挙げられる。これらの中でも蒸着法が容易に金属層形成可能であり、また品質面、環境対応の面からも好ましく使用される。
かくして多層フィルムの一方の面に加飾されたフィルムにさらに粘着層や接着層を形成させても良い。かかる粘着層や接着層は、熱成形の際に加飾対象体と加飾成形用フィルムとの接着性を向上させるものである。通常、真空成形や圧空成形の場合、加飾された面が加飾対象体側になることが多く、従ってかかる粘着層および接着層は基材フィルムの加飾面の上に形成されることが好ましい。材料としては基材フィルムおよび加飾対象体の材質に適した感熱性または感圧性の粘着剤や接着剤を適用することが出来る。粘着層や接着層を有する場合は、通常、その上に離型フィルムを付けた形で提供される。
また本発明の加飾成形用フィルムは加飾対象体とは反対側の表面に、ハードコート、撥水・撥油コート、紫外線吸収コート、赤外線吸収コート、金属蒸着コート等、各種の表面処理を行っても良い。
[加飾成形体]
本発明の加飾成形体は、基材およびその表面に形成された前述の加飾成形用フィルムを含む。基材は後述する各種部品の形状を有する成形体である。基材は、熱可塑性樹脂、熱硬化樹脂等の各種樹脂で構成される。
加飾成形体として、自動車内装材、自動車のインジケーターパネル、電化製品、化粧品ケース、建材内装および外装品、各種機器や製品および雑貨類のケース、スイッチ、キー、キーパット、ハンドル、レバー、ボタン、家電・AV機器であるパソコンや携帯電話およびモバイル機器のハウジングや外装部品等を挙げることが出来る。加飾成形体は、加飾層の転写性に優れ、表面硬度が高く、また耐候性や耐熱性に優れ、各種電子・電気機器、車両部品、機械部品、その他建材、農業・漁業用資材、搬送容器、包装容器、雑貨等の各種の製品として有用である。
加飾成形体は、加飾成形用フィルムを用いて、従来公知の各種成形を行うことにより表面に加飾成形体を得ることが出来る。
成形法としては、射出成形における金型内加飾工法で、予め射出成形金型に沿うように真空成形された加飾成形用フィルムを金型内にセットし、そこに溶融樹脂を射出して射出成形と同時にフィルムを製品に溶着させるインサートモールド成形法が挙げられる。
また、射出成形金型内での加飾であるが、加飾成形用フィルムを金型キャビティ側に真空圧で貼り付けておき、射出成形時に同時成形して熱と圧力がかかることによりフィルムを成形体に貼合させる方法が挙げられる。また、真空成形や圧空成形でラミネーションする方法が挙げられる。また、射出成形金型内での加飾方法で、加飾成形用フィルムを射出成形時に同時成形する際、加飾層のみを成形体に転写するインモールド転写成形法にも好ましく用いられる。
熱成形の際の加飾成形用フィルムの加熱方法としては、赤外線ヒーター、電気ヒーター、高周波誘導、ハロゲンランプ、マイクロ波、高温誘導体(スチーム等)、レーザー等各種の方法を用いることが出来る。
(1)ポリカーボネートの粘度平均分子量
ポリカーボネートの粘度平均分子量(M)は、濃度0.7g/dLの塩化メチレン溶液の20℃での粘度測定から極限粘度[η]を求め、下記式より算出した。
ηSP/c=[η]+0.45×[η]2c(但し[η]は極限粘度)
[η]=1.23×10−4M0.83
c=0.7
(2)ガラス転移温度(Tg)
TA Instruments製 2920型DSCを使用し、昇温速度20℃/分で測定し、立ち下り点を求めた。
(3)多層フィルムの総厚み
アンリツ(株)製の電子マイクロ膜厚計で測定し、フィルム幅方向における中央部の値である。
(4)多層フィルムの厚み組成
(株)キーエンス製のレーザー顕微鏡VA−9710を用い、フィルム断面の観測により測定した。フィルム幅方向における中央部の値である。
(5)フィルムの全光線透過率、ヘイズ
日本電色工業(株)製のヘーズメーターNDH−5000型を用いて測定した。
(6)フィルムの表面硬度
JIS K 5600に従って、鉛筆硬度を測定した。
(7)熱収縮率
フィルムを200mm×50mmサイズにカットして、精密定規(最小目盛り0.5mm)を使って中央部に100.0mm標線を記入する。(但し0.25mm単位まで読み取ることとする。)140℃オーブンで90秒加熱後の標線の変化率を熱収縮率とした。
熱収縮率(%)=(100.0−加熱後の標線長さ)/100.0×100
(8)トリミング性
成形体外周に端面から30mmほど余分なフィルムがはみ出した加飾成形体をインサートモールド法により作成した。この余分な部分のフィルムをトリミングする工程の際に、手で折り曲げて容易に除去でき、さらに成形体端面にバリを残りなく取り除くことが出来るかで良否を判断した。
○:余分な部分のフィルムを手で折り曲げて容易に除去することができ、さらに基材側にバリが残らない。
×:余分な部分のフィルムを手で折り曲げても容易には除去できず、基材側にもバリが残る。
実施例1
(成形材料A)
ポリカーボネート樹脂ペレット(帝人化成(株)製パンライトAD5503、粘度平均分子量15,200)を用意した。
(成形材料B−1およびB−2)
B−1層用の成形材料B−1およびB−2層用の成形材料B−2としてアクリル樹脂(デグサ製PLEXIGLAS8N(8N);標準グレード)を用意した。
(共押出)
成形材料Aおよび成形材料B−1、B−2を、それぞれスクリュー径40mmの単軸押出機を用いて、シリンダー温度240℃(成形材料A)、250℃(成形材料B−1、B−2)の条件で、フィードブロック方式にて650mm幅のTダイから押出し、冷却ロールに溶融樹脂の一方の面をタッチさせて冷却した後、エッジトリミングしてB−1層/A層/B−2層の3層構造を有するフィルム幅400mmの多層フィルムを作成した。なお巻き取りにはポリエチレン系の弱粘着性のプロテクトフィルムを用いた。
得られた多層フィルムの総厚みは125μm、厚み組成は、B−1層/A層/B−2層=48/27/50(μm)であり、A層の厚みが全体厚みの22%であった。これらはいずれもフィルム幅方向中央部の値であるが、幅方向の厚み斑は±3μmであり、また厚み組成の幅方向分布を測定したところ、各層で±2μm以内であり均一性の高いフィルムであった。全光線透過率、ヘイズ、表面硬度を表1に示す。熱収縮率は0.50%と非常に低く、また脆性が高いことからトリミング性も容易であった。
実施例2
A層の厚み比率、巻き取り速度を変えた他は実施例1と同様に製膜して、総厚み129μm、A層の厚みが全体厚みの11%に調整した多層フィルムを得た。フィルム物性を表1に示す。熱収縮率、トリミング性は実施例1と同様に良好であった。
実施例3
A層の厚み比率、巻き取り速度を変えた他は実施例1と同様に製膜して、総厚み73μm、A層の厚みが全体厚みの10%に調整した多層フィルムを得た。フィルム物性を表1に示す。熱収縮率、トリミング性は実施例1と同様に良好であった。
実施例4
成形材料Aを、帝人化成(株)製パンライトL1225JM(粘度平均分子量18,500)に変更し、A層の厚み比率、巻き取り速度を変えた他は実施例1と同様に製膜して、厚み123μm、A層の厚みが全体厚みの15%に調整した多層フィルムを得た。フィルム物性を表1に示す。熱収縮率、トリミング性は実施例1と同様に良好であった。
実施例5
成形材料B−1およびB−2としてアクリル樹脂(三菱レーヨン(株)製アクリペットVH001)に変更し、A層の厚み比率、巻き取り速度を変えた他は実施例4と同様に製膜して、厚み75μm、A層の厚みが全体厚みの16%に調整した多層フィルムを得た。フィルム物性を表1に示す。熱収縮率、トリミング性は実施例1と同様に良好であった。
比較例1
成形材料Aとして帝人化成(株)パンライトL−1250(粘度平均分子量23,700)に変更し、A層の厚み比率、巻き取り速度を変えた他は実施例1と同様に製膜して、厚み128μm、A層の厚みが全体厚みの20%に調整した多層フィルムを得た。フィルム物性を表1に示す。粘度平均分子量が高く、延性が高く割れにくいためトリミング性が困難であった。
比較例2
A層の厚み比率、巻き取り速度を変えた他は実施例1と同様にして製膜し、厚み125μmの多層フィルムを得た。厚み組成は、B−1層/A層/B−2層=40/45/40(μm)であり、A層の厚みが全体厚みの36%であった。フィルム物性を表1に示す。延性が高く割れにくいためトリミング性が困難であった。
比較例3
成形材料B−1およびB−2としてアクリル樹脂(三菱レーヨン(株)製アクリペットVH001)に変更し、A層の厚み比率、巻き取り速度を変えた他は実施例1と同様に製膜して、厚み113μmの多層フィルムを得た。厚み組成は、B−1層/A層/B−2層=26/63/24(μm)であり、A層の厚みが全体厚みの56%であった。フィルム物性を表1に示す。延性が高く割れにくいことからトリミング性が困難であった。
比較例4
アクリル樹脂(三菱レーヨン(株)製製アクリペットVH001)を、フィードブロック方式ではなく単層方式で、スクリュー径40mmの単軸押出機によりシリンダー温度250℃で650mm幅のTダイから押出し、その後は実施例1と同様にして幅400mmのアクリルフィルムを得た。得られたフィルムの物性を表1に示す。ヘイズおよび熱収縮率が高く、また耐熱性が低いフィルムであった。
Claims (5)
- 粘度平均分子量が13,000以上20,000未満のポリカーボネート樹脂を含む層(A層)、およびA層の両面に積層されたアクリル系樹脂を含む層(B−1層およびB−2層)を含み、全体の厚みが50~200μmで、かつA層の厚みが全体厚みの5%~30%である多層フィルム。
- ヘイズが4%以下である請求項1に記載の多層フィルム。
- 請求項1または2に記載の多層フィルムの一方の面に加飾が施された加飾成形用フィルム。
- 基材およびその表面に形成された請求項3に記載の加飾成形用フィルムを含む加飾成形体。
- A層を構成する粘度平均分子量が13,000以上20,000未満のポリカーボネート樹脂を含む成形材料A、B−1層を構成するアクリル系樹脂を含む成形材料B−1およびB−2層を構成するアクリル系樹脂を含む成形材料B−2を共押出することからなるA層の両面にそれぞれB−1層およびB−2層が積層された請求項1記載の多層フィルムの製造方法。
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EP13828375.9A EP2881253B1 (en) | 2012-08-06 | 2013-08-02 | Multilayer film, film for decorative molding, and molded body |
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WO2015184343A1 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2015-12-03 | Absolute Exhibits, Inc. | Thermoset in-mold finishing film |
CN107735252A (zh) * | 2015-04-28 | 2018-02-23 | 日写株式会社 | 加饰片、成形品的制造方法以及成形品 |
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WO2015126431A1 (en) * | 2014-02-24 | 2015-08-27 | Empire Technology Development Llc | Increased interlayer adhesions of three-dimensional printed articles |
WO2017014307A1 (ja) * | 2015-07-23 | 2017-01-26 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 積層体 |
CN106079770A (zh) * | 2016-05-12 | 2016-11-09 | 上海科比斯光学科技有限公司 | 一种复合树脂盖板及其制备方法、应用 |
TWI610790B (zh) * | 2016-11-29 | 2018-01-11 | Lu Shang Wen | 微結構轉移膜之製造方法及其製品 |
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EP2881253A4 (en) | 2015-07-22 |
US20150217541A1 (en) | 2015-08-06 |
US9827747B2 (en) | 2017-11-28 |
JPWO2014025005A1 (ja) | 2016-07-25 |
EP2881253A1 (en) | 2015-06-10 |
CN104520102A (zh) | 2015-04-15 |
KR20150060668A (ko) | 2015-06-03 |
JP6155268B2 (ja) | 2017-06-28 |
KR102103042B1 (ko) | 2020-04-21 |
CN104520102B (zh) | 2016-11-02 |
EP2881253B1 (en) | 2016-10-19 |
TWI617443B (zh) | 2018-03-11 |
TW201425025A (zh) | 2014-07-01 |
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