WO2014024638A1 - 圧電発電装置 - Google Patents
圧電発電装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014024638A1 WO2014024638A1 PCT/JP2013/069099 JP2013069099W WO2014024638A1 WO 2014024638 A1 WO2014024638 A1 WO 2014024638A1 JP 2013069099 W JP2013069099 W JP 2013069099W WO 2014024638 A1 WO2014024638 A1 WO 2014024638A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- vibration
- weight
- power generation
- axis
- piezoelectric
- Prior art date
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 112
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 19
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 19
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003322 NiCu Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni] VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HFGPZNIAWCZYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead zirconate titanate Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4].[Zr+4].[Pb+2] HFGPZNIAWCZYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052451 lead zirconate titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001120 nichrome Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
- H02N2/186—Vibration harvesters
- H02N2/188—Vibration harvesters adapted for resonant operation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
- H02N2/186—Vibration harvesters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/30—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices with mechanical input and electrical output, e.g. functioning as generators or sensors
- H10N30/304—Beam type
- H10N30/306—Cantilevers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a piezoelectric power generation apparatus that converts vibration energy into electric energy by using a piezoelectric effect.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a conventional piezoelectric power generation device 101 with reference to the description in Patent Document 1, and shows a side view in a state where a part of the configuration of the piezoelectric power generation device 101 is removed. .
- the pedestal 111 has a disk shape and is fixed to a floor slab 131 that is a vibrating body.
- One end of the coil spring 112 is connected to the pedestal 111 and the other end is connected to a disk-shaped swinging member 113, and supports the swinging member 113 so as to be swingable with respect to the base 111.
- the first weight 114 is connected to the lower side of the swing member 113.
- the piezoelectric element 121 is connected to the swing member 113 via the first weight 114.
- the second weight 122 is connected to the first weight 114 via the piezoelectric element 121.
- the second weight 122, the piezoelectric element 121, and the first weight 114 are disposed inside the winding of the coil spring 112.
- An electrode 121 ⁇ / b> A is provided on the contact surface of the piezoelectric element 121 with the first weight 114.
- An electrode 121B is provided on the contact surface of the piezoelectric element 121 with the second weight 122.
- the floor slab When vibration in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the floor slab 131 is generated in the floor slab 131 by a force such as vibration from the outside, the floor slab is provided on the first weight 114 and the second weight 122 of the piezoelectric power generation device 101. It is desirable that only a longitudinal vibration (hereinafter also referred to as a main vibration) that is a vibration in a direction perpendicular to the plane of 131 occurs.
- the first weight 114 and the second weight 122 have not only main vibration but also sub vibration in a direction orthogonal to the direction of main vibration (longitudinal vibration) due to the influence of torque acting on each part. (Hereinafter also referred to as lateral vibration) will also occur.
- an object of the present invention is to adjust the secondary vibration generated in the direction orthogonal to the direction of the main vibration used for power generation by the piezoelectric element, and to prevent a decrease in power generation efficiency caused by the generation of the secondary vibration. It is to realize a piezoelectric power generator.
- the piezoelectric power generation device includes a first vibrating portion, a first weight portion, a second vibrating portion, and a second weight portion.
- the first vibrating portion has a fixed end and a free end.
- the first weight portion is joined to the free end of the first vibrating portion.
- the second vibration part has a fixed end joined to the first weight part and a free end.
- the second vibration unit includes a vibration plate and a piezoelectric element provided on the vibration plate.
- the second weight portion is joined to the free end of the second vibrating portion.
- the piezoelectric power generation device described above is free of the first vibration unit in the axial direction perpendicular to the vibration surface when the vibration power is used as a reference in a state where the piezoelectric power generation device is placed on the vibration surface and is stationary. It is preferable that the position of the fixed end of the second vibrating unit is closer to the position of the fixed end of the first vibrating unit than the position of the end.
- the first vibration unit is fixed in the axial direction perpendicular to the vibration surface when the vibration power surface is used as a reference when the piezoelectric power generation device is placed on the vibration surface and is stationary.
- the distance between the position of the end and the position of the free end of the first vibrating part is T1
- the distance between the position of the fixed end of the first vibrating part and the position of the fixed end of the second vibrating part is When T2 is satisfied, it is preferable to satisfy the relationship ⁇ 2.1 ⁇ (T2 ⁇ T1) / T1 ⁇ 0.1.
- the first weight portion includes the weight plate to which the free end of the first vibrating portion is joined, and the surface to which the free end of the first vibrating portion of the weight plate is joined.
- the first and second fixed portions provided on the first fixed portion, the set of the second vibrating portion and the second weight portion joined to the first fixed portion, and the second fixed portion A second vibration part joined to the first fixed part, and a part of the second weight part joined to the first fixed part is a second part It is preferable that a part of the second weight portion of the set which is located below the fixing portion and is joined to the second fixing portion is located below the first fixing portion.
- the present invention it is possible to adjust the magnitudes of the main vibration and the sub vibration generated in the second vibration section. Therefore, by suppressing the secondary vibration generated in the second vibrating section, it is possible to improve the decrease in power generation efficiency caused by the secondary vibration and increase the power generation efficiency.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a piezoelectric power generation apparatus 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- the piezoelectric power generation apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment includes a first vibrating part K1, a first weight part M1, a second vibrating part K2, and a second weight part M2. .
- the piezoelectric power generator 1 is disposed on the horizontal vibration surface FS.
- the first vibration part K1 expands and contracts along an axis CA perpendicular to the vibration surface FS.
- the first vibration part K1 has a fixed end CE1 fixed to the vibration surface FS and a free end FE1 opposite to the fixed end CE1.
- the first weight portion M1 is joined to the free end FE1 of the first vibrating portion K1.
- the first vibrating part K1 and the first weight part M1 constitute a first resonator.
- the first resonator alone resonates at a first resonance frequency in a relatively low frequency region that coincides with vibrations when a person walks, vibrations of bicycles, automobiles, etc., and longitudinal vibrations along the axis CA. To do. For this reason, the first resonator resonates with the longitudinal vibration having the first resonance frequency among the external vibrations applied to the vibration surface FS. Therefore, when the first resonator resonates, the amplitude of the first weight portion M1 becomes larger than the configuration in which external vibration is directly transmitted to the first weight portion M1.
- the second vibration part K2 bends and vibrates along an axis CA perpendicular to the vibration surface FS.
- the second vibrating part K2 has a fixed end CE2 connected to the first weight part M1 and a free end FE2 opposite to the fixed end CE2.
- the second weight portion M2 is joined to the free end FE2 of the second vibrating portion K2.
- the second vibrating portion K2 and the second weight portion M2 constitute a second resonator.
- the second resonator alone resonates at the second resonance frequency that is the same as or close to the first resonance frequency and longitudinally vibrates along the axis CA. For this reason, when the second resonator is coupled to the first resonator, vibration energy is transferred between the two resonators. Therefore, the second resonator absorbs the vibration energy of the first resonator, and the second resonator vibrates with a larger amplitude.
- the surface of the first weight portion M1 where the first vibrating portion K1 and the second vibrating portion K2 are joined has an uneven shape, and the first weight portion M1 has the first surface when the vibration surface FS is used as a reference.
- the position of the fixed end CE2 of the second vibrating part K2 on the axis CA is closer to the position of the fixed end CE1 of the first vibrating part K1 on the axis CA than the position of the FE1.
- the second vibration portion K2 and the second weight portion M2 have large longitudinal vibration (main vibration) generated along the axis CA, and are along a direction orthogonal to the axis CA.
- the lateral vibration (sub-vibration) generated in this way tends to be small. Therefore, the piezoelectric power generation apparatus 1 can achieve high power generation efficiency by providing the second vibration unit K2 with a piezoelectric element that generates power by main vibration.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the piezoelectric power generation apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing a state where the piezoelectric power generation apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention is disassembled.
- FIG. 4A is an XZ plane side view of the piezoelectric power generation apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention viewed from the positive Y-axis direction.
- FIG. 4B is an XZ plane side cross-sectional view of the piezoelectric power generating apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention as seen from the Y-axis positive direction, and shows a position at which a weight portion 82 described later is divided. An XZ plane cross section is shown.
- FIG. 4A is an XZ plane side view of the piezoelectric power generation apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention viewed from the positive Y-axis direction.
- FIG. 4B is an XZ plane side cross-sectional view of the piezoelectric power generating apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention as seen from the Y-axis positive direction
- FIG. 4C is a cross-sectional side view of the XZ plane side view of the piezoelectric power generating apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention viewed from the positive direction of the Y axis.
- An XZ plane cross section is shown.
- FIG. 5A is a YZ plane side view of the piezoelectric power generating apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention as viewed in the positive direction of the X axis.
- FIG. 5B is a YZ plane side cross-sectional view of the piezoelectric power generating apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention as seen from the positive direction of the X-axis.
- a YZ plane cross section is shown.
- 5C is a YZ plane side cross-sectional view of the piezoelectric power generating apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention as seen from the X-axis positive direction, and shows a position at which a power generating element 63 described later is divided. A YZ plane cross section is shown.
- the piezoelectric power generation apparatus 1 includes a pedestal portion 2, coil springs 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, a weight plate 4, fixing portions 51, 52, power generation elements 61, 62, 63, 64, and weights. Parts 81 and 82.
- the piezoelectric power generation device 1 is generally configured in a hexahedral shape, and has a dimension in the X-axis direction of about 30 mm and a dimension in the Y-axis direction of about 30 mm.
- the pedestal portion 2 has a shape in which a groove 20 extending along the Y-axis direction is formed on the upper surface of a hexahedron composed of surfaces perpendicular to the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis.
- the pedestal portion 2 includes a bottom plate portion 21, a side wall portion 22, and a side wall portion 23.
- the bottom plate portion 21 is a flat plate having a rectangular planar shape, and is provided such that a lower surface (a surface on the Z axis negative direction side) is in contact with a horizontal vibration surface FS. That is, the pedestal 2 is provided so that the lower surface is in contact with the horizontal vibration surface FS.
- Each of the side wall portions 22 and 23 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape and is provided so as to be orthogonal to the upper surface of the bottom plate portion 21 (the surface on the Z axis positive direction side).
- the side wall portions 22 and 23 are provided along two sides parallel to the Y axis of the bottom plate portion 21.
- a portion surrounded by the side wall portions 22 and 23 and the bottom plate portion 21 constitutes the inside of the groove 20.
- the pedestal 2 may be a part of a case of an electronic device on which the piezoelectric power generation device 1 is mounted, and the shape thereof is arbitrary as long as it is a member that receives vibration from the outside.
- the coil springs 31, 32, 33 are arranged between the upper surface (the surface on the Z-axis positive direction side) of the side wall portion 22 and the lower surface (the surface on the Z-axis negative direction side) of the weight plate 4.
- the coil springs 31, 32, and 33 are arranged in order along the Y-axis direction.
- the expansion / contraction direction of the coil springs 31, 32, 33 is the Z-axis direction.
- One end of the coil springs 31, 32, 33 in the Z-axis direction is joined to the upper surface of the side wall 22 and is a fixed end CE1.
- the other ends of the coil springs 31, 32, 33 in the Z-axis direction are joined to the lower surface of the weight plate 4 and are free ends FE1.
- the coil springs 34, 35, and 36 are disposed between the upper surface (the surface on the Z-axis positive direction side) of the side wall portion 23 and the lower surface (the surface on the Z-axis negative direction side) of the weight plate 4.
- the coil springs 34, 35, 36 are arranged in order along the Y-axis direction.
- the expansion / contraction direction of the coil springs 34, 35, 36 is the Z-axis direction.
- One end of the coil springs 34, 35, 36 in the Z-axis direction is joined to the upper surface of the side wall 23, and is a fixed end CE1.
- the other end of the coil springs 34, 35, 36 in the Z-axis direction is joined to the lower surface of the weight plate 4 and is a free end FE1.
- the coil springs 31 to 36 constitute the first vibration part K1 described above.
- the coil springs 31 to 36 are disposed between the pedestal 2 and the weight plate 4.
- the coil springs 31 to 36 each have a spring constant of, for example, 0.075 N / mm. In the present embodiment, six coil springs 31 to 36 are used, but the total number of coil springs may be other than that.
- the first vibrating section K1 may be constituted by other elastic bodies such as a leaf spring and a rubber member.
- the weight plate 4 is a rectangular flat plate as viewed in plan with the Z-axis direction as the thickness direction. In plan view, the outer shape of the weight plate 4 matches the outer shape of the pedestal part 2.
- the weight plate 4 is joined to the pedestal 2 via coil springs 31-36. Therefore, the weight plate 4 is disposed above the pedestal 2 and is elastically supported on the pedestal 2 by the coil springs 31 to 36.
- the weight plate 4 is made of metal having high rigidity and density, and constitutes the first weight portion M1 described above together with the fixing portions 51 and 52.
- the fixing portions 51 and 52 constitute the first weight portion M1 together with the weight plate 4, and are provided on the lower surface of the weight plate 4 so that the lower surface of the first weight portion M1 has an uneven shape.
- Each of the fixing portions 51 and 52 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape whose longitudinal direction is the X-axis direction, and is provided along two sides parallel to the X-axis on the lower surface of the weight plate 4.
- the fixing portions 51 and 52 are made of a member different from the weight plate 4 and may be joined to the lower surface of the weight plate 4 or may be configured as a member integrated with the weight plate 4.
- the power generation elements 61 to 64 and the outer frame portion 60 constitute a power generation unit 6.
- the power generating elements 61 to 64 are arranged in order along the X-axis direction.
- the power generating elements 61 to 64 are joined to the outer frame portion 60 having an opening.
- the power generating elements 61 to 64 constitute the above-described second vibrating portion K2.
- each of the power generating elements 61 to 64 has a diaphragm 71 and a piezoelectric element 72 provided on the lower surface (surface on the Z-axis negative direction side) of the diaphragm 71. It has a structure.
- the power generating elements 61 to 64 may have a unimorph structure in which the piezoelectric element 72 is provided on the upper surface (surface on the Z-axis positive direction side) of the diaphragm 71. Further, the power generating elements 61 to 64 may have a bimorph structure in which the piezoelectric elements 72 are provided on the upper surface and the lower surface of the diaphragm 71, respectively.
- the vibration plate 71 has a substantially isosceles triangular portion whose width gradually decreases from a fixed end to a free end and a rectangular portion in plan view.
- a piezoelectric element 72 is provided on a substantially isosceles triangular portion of the vibration plate 71.
- the portion where the piezoelectric element is provided in the vibration plate 71 may have other shapes such as a rectangular shape and a substantially meander shape in addition to a substantially isosceles triangular shape.
- the diaphragm 71 is made of metal and is provided integrally with the outer frame portion 60.
- the diaphragm 71 may be made of silicon, glass epoxy, or the like.
- the thickness of the diaphragm 71 is 75 ⁇ m.
- the piezoelectric element 72 has a plate-like piezoelectric body and electrodes (not shown) provided on the mutually opposing surfaces of the piezoelectric body.
- the piezoelectric body that constitutes the piezoelectric element 72 is made of lead zirconate titanate-based piezoelectric ceramics, and the electrodes that make up the piezoelectric element 72 are made of NiCr alloy, NiCu alloy, gold, silver, or the like.
- the piezoelectric element 72 is provided on the lower surface of the diaphragm 71, a compressive stress is always applied to the piezoelectric element 72 due to the influence of gravity acting on the weight portions 81 and 82.
- Piezoelectric ceramics generally have better mechanical strength against compressive stress than tensile stress. Therefore, the piezoelectric element 72 is provided in the direction in which the compressive stress acts, thereby improving the durability of the piezoelectric element 72 made of piezoelectric ceramic. Can be increased.
- the piezoelectric body constituting the piezoelectric element 72 may be made of a material capable of converting mechanical energy into electric energy, for example, an organic piezoelectric body or a dielectric polymer, in addition to piezoelectric ceramics.
- the thickness of the piezoelectric element 72 is 75 ⁇ m.
- the power generating elements 61 and 62 are provided so as to extend along the positive direction of the Y axis. As shown in FIG. 3, the ends of the power generation elements 61 and 62 on the Y axis negative direction side are joined to the outer frame part 60, and the parts joined to the power generation elements 61 and 62 in the outer frame part 60 are fixed. It is joined to the lower surface of the part 51 (the surface on the Z-axis negative direction side). For this reason, the ends of the power generation elements 61 and 62 on the Y axis negative direction side are joined to the lower surface of the fixed portion 51 via the outer frame portion 60.
- the ends of the power generating elements 61 and 62 on the Y axis negative direction side are fixed ends, and the ends of the power generating elements 61 and 62 on the Y axis positive direction side are free ends. Is cantilevered and configured to bend and vibrate along the Z-axis direction.
- the power generating elements 63 and 64 are provided so as to extend along the negative Y-axis direction. As shown in FIG. 3, the ends of the power generation elements 63 and 64 on the Y axis positive direction side are joined to the outer frame portion 60, and the portions connected to the power generation elements 63 and 64 in the outer frame portion 60 are fixed. It is joined to the lower surface (surface on the Z-axis negative direction side) of the portion 52. For this reason, the ends of the power generation elements 63 and 64 on the Y axis positive direction side are joined to the lower surface of the fixed portion 52 via the outer frame portion 60.
- the ends of the power generation elements 63 and 64 on the Y axis positive direction side are fixed ends, and the ends of the power generation elements 63 and 64 on the Y axis negative direction side are free ends. Is cantilevered and configured to bend and vibrate along the Z-axis direction.
- the weight parts 81 and 82 constitute the above-described second weight part M2.
- the weight portions 81 and 82 are disposed above the pedestal portion 2 and elastically supported by the power generation elements 61 to 64.
- the weight parts 81 and 82 have a rectangular parallelepiped shape.
- the weight portions 81 and 82 are made of a metal having high rigidity and density, similar to the weight plate 4, and each mass is 60.0 g.
- the weight portion 81 is joined to the lower surface (the surface on the Z-axis negative direction side) of the end portions on the Y-axis positive direction side of the power generating elements 61 and 62. Specifically, the weight portion 81 is joined to the lower surface (surface on the Z-axis negative direction side) of the rectangular portion of the diaphragm 71 constituting the power generation elements 61 and 62. The weight portion 82 is joined to the lower surface (the surface on the Z-axis negative direction side) of the end portion on the Y-axis negative direction side of the power generation elements 63 and 64.
- the weight portion 82 is joined to the lower surface (surface on the Z-axis negative direction side) of the rectangular portion of the diaphragm 71 constituting the power generation elements 63 and 64. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the weight portions 81 and 82 are joined in the vicinity of the free ends of the power generation elements 61 to 64, and gravity acts on the weight portions 81 and 82, so that the power generation elements 61 to 64 vibrate. When not, the free end sides of the power generating elements 61 to 64 are bent in the negative Z-axis direction.
- a first resonator constituted by the first vibrating portion K1 and the first weight portion M1 in other words, a first resonator constituted by the coil springs 31 to 36, the weight plate 4, and the fixing portions 51 and 52.
- the basic resonance frequency (first resonance frequency) of one resonator is the second resonator constituted by the second vibrating portion K2 and the second weight portion M2, in other words, the power generating elements 61 to 64.
- the frequency is preferably the same as or close to the basic resonance frequency (second resonance frequency) of the second resonator formed by the weight portions 81 and 82.
- the piezoelectric power generation device 1 having such a configuration, when vibration in a direction perpendicular to the vibration surface FS is generated by a force such as external vibration, the first resonator and the second resonator are The vibration energy is transferred between the first resonator and the second resonator by coupling at the same or near frequencies, and the second resonator absorbs the vibration energy from the first resonator, and the second resonator absorbs the vibration energy.
- the two resonators vibrate with a larger amplitude. Since the power generation elements 61 to 64 constitute the second resonator, a larger electric power can be obtained as compared with the case where the power generation element is a single element.
- the basic resonance frequency of the first resonator and the basic resonance frequency of the second resonator are appropriately set to a frequency of several Hz to 100 Hz in consideration of a force such as external vibration.
- the frequency is, for example, about 15 Hz.
- the second resonator formed by the power generation elements 61 and 62 and the weight portion 81 and the second resonator formed by the power generation elements 63 and 64 and the weight portion 82 are: These are arranged so that the directions along the Y-axis are staggered. In other words, a part of the weight part 81 is located on the Z axis negative direction side on the fixed end side of the power generating elements 63 and 64, and a part of the weight part 82 is a Z axis on the fixed end side of the power generating elements 61 and 62. Located on the negative side. For this reason, two second resonators are arranged in a narrow space.
- the piezoelectric power generation apparatus 1 can achieve high power generation efficiency by making the basic resonance frequencies of these two second resonators substantially coincide with each other and combining the power output from each power generation element through a matching circuit. it can.
- the fixing portions 51 and 52 are provided on the lower surface of the weight plate 4, and the fixing ends (CE2) of the power generating elements 61 to 64 connect the outer frame portion 60. It is joined to the lower surface of the fixing
- free ends (FE 1) of the coil springs 31 to 36 are joined to the lower surface of the weight plate 4.
- the vibration surface FS with which the lower surface of the pedestal 2 is in contact is used as a reference
- the height position (position in the Z-axis direction) T2 of the fixed ends (CE2) of the power generating elements 61 to 64 and the coil springs 31 to 36 It is different from the height position (position in the Z-axis direction) T1 of the free end (FE1). More specifically, in a state where the first resonator and the second resonator are stationary, the free movement of the coil springs 31 to 36 is based on the vibration surface FS with which the lower surface of the pedestal portion 2 contacts.
- the position of the fixed end (CE2) of the power generating elements 61 to 64 in the Z axis direction is closer to the position of the fixed end (CE1) of the coil springs 31 to 36 than the position of the end (FE1) in the Z axis direction. Yes.
- the height position T1 of the free ends (FE1) of the coil springs 31 to 36 and the height position T2 of the fixed ends (CE2) of the power generation elements 61 to 64 are longitudinal vibrations generated along the Z axis in the power generation elements 61 to 64.
- the fixed ends (CE2) of the power generating elements 61 to 64 are coiled to affect the magnitude of the (main vibration) amplitude and the magnitude of the secondary vibration (lateral vibration) generated along the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction.
- the power generation elements 61 to 64 greatly generate secondary vibrations (lateral vibrations) along the X axis direction and the Y axis direction. Can be suppressed.
- the height position of the free end (FE1) of the coil springs 31 to 36 and the height position (position in the Z-axis direction) of the fixed end (CE2) of the power generation elements 61 to 64 are Z to the power generation elements 61 to 64.
- a simulation performed to confirm the influence on the longitudinal vibration (main vibration) generated along the axis and the secondary vibration (transverse vibration) generated along the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction will be described.
- the relationship between the height position of the fixed ends (CE2) of the power generating elements 61 to 64 and the electromechanical coupling coefficient of the main vibration was calculated with the same configuration as that of the above-described embodiment.
- the height position (position in the Z-axis direction) of the fixed end (CE1) of the coil springs 31 to 36 in a state where the first resonator and the second resonator are stationary is used as a reference. If the difference (T2 ⁇ T1) between the height position T1 of the free ends (FE1) of the coil springs 31 to 36 and the height position T2 of the fixed ends (CE2) of the power generating elements 61 to 64 is negative.
- the fixed ends (CE2) of the power generating elements 61 to 64 are positioned closer to the Z axis negative direction side than the free ends (FE1) of the coil springs 31 to 36.
- the fixed ends (CE2) of the power generating elements 61 to 64 are joined to the lower surfaces of the fixing portions 51 and 52 protruding from the lower surface of the weight plate 4.
- T1 and T2 T2 ⁇ T1
- the fixed ends (CE2) of the power generating elements 61 to 64 are closer to the Z axis positive direction side than the free ends (FE1) of the coil springs 31 to 36. Will be located.
- a concave portion is provided on the lower surface of the weight plate 4, or a spacer is interposed between the weight plate 4 and the coil springs 31 to 36, so that the height position T2 of the fixed ends (CE2) of the power generating elements 61 to 64 is increased. Or the height position T1 of the free ends (FE1) of the coil springs 31 to 36 needs to be lowered.
- FIG. 6A is a diagram showing the relationship between the difference between T1 and T2 (T2 ⁇ T1) and the electromechanical coupling coefficient of main vibration and sub vibration.
- the difference (T2 ⁇ T1) between T1 and T2 is changed within a range of ⁇ 18 mm to +15 mm.
- the electromechanical coupling coefficient of the main vibration is large when the difference between T1 and T2 (T2 ⁇ T1) is in the range of ⁇ 15 mm to +5 mm.
- the main machine In the range where the difference between T1 and T2 (T2 ⁇ T1) is smaller than ⁇ 15 mm, that is, in the range where the height dimension of the fixing portions 51 and 52 (dimension in the Z-axis direction) exceeds 15 mm, the main machine The coupling coefficient is reduced.
- the weight plate 4 is provided with a concave portion where the power generating elements 61 to 64 are joined to the bottom portion in place of the difference between T1 and T2 (T2 ⁇ T1) larger than +5 mm, that is, the fixed portions 51 and 52. Even in the range where the depth of the recess exceeds +5 mm, the electromechanical coupling coefficient of the main vibration becomes small.
- the electromechanical coupling coefficient of the secondary vibration is small when the difference between T1 and T2 (T2 ⁇ T1) is in the range of ⁇ 10 mm to ⁇ 5 mm.
- the difference between T1 and T2 (T2 ⁇ T1) is smaller than ⁇ 10 mm, that is, the height of the fixing portions 51 and 52 (dimension in the Z-axis direction) exceeds 10 mm, the electromechanical coupling of the secondary vibration The coefficient increases.
- T1 and T2 are larger than ⁇ 5 mm, that is, when the height dimension (dimension in the Z-axis direction) of the fixing parts 51 and 52 is smaller than 5 mm, Even when the concave portion where the power generating elements 61 to 64 are joined to the bottom is provided in the weight plate 4 in place of 51 and 52, the electromechanical coupling coefficient of the secondary vibration is increased.
- the height position T2 of the fixed ends (CE2) of the power generating elements 61 to 64 depends on the amplitude of the longitudinal vibration (main vibration) generated along the Z axis in the power generating elements 61 to 64, the X axis direction, It can be seen that the amplitude of the secondary vibration (lateral vibration) generated along the Y-axis direction is affected.
- the height position T2 of the fixed ends (CE2) of the power generation elements 61 to 64 is the magnitude of the amplitude of the longitudinal vibration (main vibration) generated along the Z axis in the power generation elements 61 to 64, the X axis direction, It can be seen that the magnitude of the amplitude of the secondary vibration (transverse vibration) generated along the axial direction is affected.
- the electromechanical coupling coefficient of the main vibration and the electromechanical coupling coefficient of the secondary vibration change in reverse depending on the change in the height position T2 of the fixed ends (CE2) of the power generating elements 61 to 64.
- a large electromechanical coupling coefficient of the main vibration means that the power generation efficiency of the piezoelectric power generation device 1 is high
- the free ends of the coil springs 31 to 36 ( The height position T1 of FE1) and the height position T2 of the fixed ends (CE2) of the power generating elements 61 to 64 are set so that the difference (T2 ⁇ T1) between T1 and T2 is in the range of ⁇ 15 mm to +5 mm.
- the piezoelectric power generation device 1 according to the first embodiment by reducing the electromechanical coupling coefficient of the secondary vibration, it is possible to reduce unnecessary secondary vibration and improve reliability.
- FIG. 6B shows a standard difference (T2 ⁇ T1) / T1 in which the difference between T1 and T2 (T2 ⁇ T1) is normalized by T1, and the electromechanical coupling coefficient of the main vibration and the sub vibration with the standard difference (T2 ⁇ It is a figure which shows the relationship with the normalized electromechanical coupling coefficient normalized on the basis of the time when T1) / T1 is 0.
- T2 ⁇ T1 the standard difference
- T2 ⁇ T1 satisfies the relationship ⁇ 2.1 ⁇ (T2 ⁇ T1) / T1 ⁇ 0.1
- the electromechanical coupling coefficient is larger than the normalized electromechanical coupling coefficient of the secondary vibration.
- the coil difference is such that the standard difference (T2 ⁇ T1) / T1 satisfies the relationship ⁇ 2.1 ⁇ (T2 ⁇ T1) / T1 ⁇ 0.1.
- the height position T1 of the free ends (FE1) of the coil springs 31 to 36 is different from the height position T2 of the fixed ends (CE2) of the power generating elements 61 to 64.
- the vertical vibration (main vibration) generated along the Z axis and the secondary vibration (transverse vibration) generated along the X axis direction and the Y axis direction in the power generation elements 61 to 64 high power generation efficiency can be realized. Unnecessary side vibrations can be reduced and reliability can be improved.
- FIG. 7 is a partial perspective view showing a power generation section 6A and a weight section 81A that constitute a piezoelectric power generation apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the configuration other than the power generation section 6A and the weight section 81A of the piezoelectric power generation apparatus according to this embodiment is the same as that of the piezoelectric power generation apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment.
- the power generation unit 6A includes an outer frame portion 60A having a rectangular opening in plan view, and a power generation element 61A joined to the outer frame portion 60A within the opening.
- the power generation element 61A constitutes the second vibration part K2, and includes a vibration plate and a piezoelectric element (not shown) provided on the lower surface of the vibration plate (surface on the Z-axis negative direction side).
- the weight part 81A constitutes a second weight part M2.
- the power generating element 61A includes fixed end side beam portions 62A and 63A and a free end side beam portion 64A.
- the free end side beam portion 64A is provided so as to extend in the Y axis negative direction from an end portion that is joined to the upper surface (surface on the Z axis positive direction side) of the weight portion 81A and is a free end.
- the fixed end side beam portion 62A is disposed on the X axis negative direction side of the free end side beam portion 64A, and one end thereof is connected to the end portion of the free end side beam portion 64A on the Y axis negative direction side, From there, it is pulled out to the Y-axis positive direction side, then folded back to the Y-axis negative direction side, and up to a portion joined to the lower surface (surface on the Z-axis negative direction side) of the fixed portion (not shown) in the outer frame portion 60A. It is provided to extend.
- the fixed end side beam portion 63A is disposed on the X axis positive direction side with respect to the free end side beam portion 64A, and one end thereof is connected to the end portion on the Y axis negative direction side of the free end side beam portion 64A. From there, it is pulled out to the Y-axis positive direction side, then folded back to the Y-axis negative direction side, and up to a portion joined to the lower surface (surface on the Z-axis negative direction side) of the fixed portion (not shown) in the outer frame portion 60A. It is provided to extend.
- the power generating element 61A Since the power generating element 61A has a substantially meander-line configuration including the fixed end side beam portions 62A and 63A and the free end side beam portion 64A, the power generating element 61A is more than the power generating elements 61 to 64 of the first embodiment. The substantial lengthwise dimension becomes longer. Therefore, the spring elasticity and resonance frequency of the power generation element 61A can be set in a wider range.
- FIG. 8 is a partial perspective view showing a power generation unit 6B and weights 81B and 82B that constitute a piezoelectric power generation device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a partial perspective view showing a power generation unit 6B and weights 81B and 82B that constitute a piezoelectric power generation device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- other configurations except for the power generation unit 6B and the weights 81B and 82B of the piezoelectric power generation device according to this embodiment are the same as those of the piezoelectric power generation device 1 according to the first embodiment. is there.
- the power generation unit 6B includes an outer frame portion 60B having a rectangular opening in plan view, and power generation elements 61B, 62B, and 63B joined to the outer frame portion 60A within the opening.
- the power generating elements 61B to 63B constitute the second vibrating section K2, and include a diaphragm and a piezoelectric element (not shown) provided on the lower surface (the surface on the Z axis negative direction side) of the diaphragm.
- Each of the weight parts 81B and 82B constitutes a second weight part M2.
- the power generation element 61B and the power generation element 62B are provided so as to extend along the positive direction of the Y axis, respectively.
- the ends of the power generating elements 61B and 62B on the Y axis negative direction side are joined to the outer frame part 60B, and the part joined to the power generating elements 61B and 62B in the outer frame part 60B is the lower surface of the fixed part (not shown) It is joined to the (Z-axis negative direction side surface).
- the ends of the power generating elements 61B and 62B on the Y axis positive direction side are joined to the upper surface (the surface on the Z axis positive direction side) of the weight portion 81B.
- the power generation element 63B is provided so as to extend along the negative Y-axis direction.
- the end of the power generation element 63B on the Y axis positive direction side is joined to the outer frame part 60B, and the part of the outer frame part 60B joined to the power generation element 63B is the lower surface of the fixed part (not shown) (Surface on the direction side).
- the end of the power generation element 63B on the Y axis negative direction side is joined to the upper surface (the surface on the Z axis positive direction side) of the weight portion 82B.
- the weight part 81B is elastically supported by the power generation elements 61B and 62B, and the weight part 82B is elastically supported by the power generation element 63B.
- the spring elasticity and resonance frequency of the power generation elements 61B and 62B can be made substantially equal to the spring elasticity and resonance frequency of the power generation element 63B. it can.
- FIG. 9 is an exploded perspective view showing a state in which the piezoelectric power generating apparatus 1C according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention is disassembled.
- the piezoelectric power generation device 1C according to the present embodiment includes a weight plate 4C having a shape different from that of the piezoelectric power generation device 1 according to the first embodiment.
- the configuration other than the weight plate 4C in the piezoelectric power generation device 1C is the same as that of the piezoelectric power generation device 1 according to the first embodiment.
- the weight plate 4C has a top plate portion 41C and side wall portions 42C and 43C.
- the top plate portion 41C is a flat plate that is rectangular in plan view with the Z-axis direction as the thickness direction. When viewed from above, the outer shape of the top plate portion 41 ⁇ / b> C matches the outer shape of the pedestal portion 2.
- the side walls 42C and 43C have a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and are provided so as to be orthogonal to the lower surface (the surface on the Z-axis negative direction side) of the top plate 41C.
- the side wall portions 42C and 43C are along the two sides parallel to the Y axis of the top plate portion 41C in a plan view of the top plate portion 41C on the lower surface (surface in the negative Z-axis direction) side of the top plate portion 41C. Is provided.
- the piezoelectric power generating apparatus 1C includes the weight plate 4C having such a configuration, so that the height position of the free ends of the coil springs 31 to 36 is set to the height of the fixed ends of the power generating elements 61 to 64.
- the position can be more on the Z axis positive direction side. Therefore, the difference (T2 ⁇ T1) between T1 and T2 described above with reference to FIG. 6 can be a positive value.
Landscapes
- General Electrical Machinery Utilizing Piezoelectricity, Electrostriction Or Magnetostriction (AREA)
- Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)
Abstract
Description
K2…第2の振動部
M1…第1の錘部
M2…第2の錘部
FS…振動面
CA…軸
FE1,FE2…自由端
CE1,CE2…固定端
1,1C…圧電発電装置
2…台座部
20…溝
21…底板部
22,23…側壁部
4,4C…錘板
41C…天板部
42C,43C…側壁部
51,52…固定部
6,6A,6B…発電部
60,60A,60B…外枠部
61,62,63,64,61A,61B,62B,63B…発電素子
62A,63A…固定端側梁部
64A…自由端側梁部
71…振動板
72…圧電素子
81,82,81A,81B,82B…錘部
Claims (4)
- 固定端と、自由端と、を有する第1の振動部と、
前記第1の振動部の自由端に接合されている第1の錘部と、
前記第1の錘部に接合されている固定端と、自由端と、を有し、振動板と、前記振動板に設けられた圧電素子とを有する、第2の振動部と、
前記第2の振動部の自由端に接合されている第2の錘部と、を備え、
振動面に配置されて静止している状態において、前記振動面を基準とした際に、前記振動面に対して垂直な軸方向での、前記第1の振動部の自由端の位置と、前記第2の振動部の固定端の位置とは、相違している、圧電発電装置。 - 前記振動面に配置されて静止している状態において、前記振動面を基準とした際に、前記振動面に対して垂直な軸方向での、前記第1の振動部の自由端の位置よりも、前記第2の振動部の固定端の位置のほうが、前記第1の振動部の固定端の位置に近い、請求項1に記載の圧電発電装置。
- 前記振動面に配置されて静止している状態において、前記振動面を基準とした際に、前記振動面に対して垂直な軸方向での、前記第1の振動部の固定端の位置と前記第1の振動部の自由端の位置との間の距離をT1とし、前記第1の振動部の固定端の位置と前記第2の振動部の固定端の位置との間の距離をT2としたとき、
-2.1<(T2-T1)/T1<-0.1
の関係を満たす、請求項2に記載の圧電発電装置。 - 前記第1の錘部は、前記第1の振動部の自由端が接合されている錘板と、前記錘板における前記第1の振動部の自由端が接合されている面に設けられている第1,第2の固定部とにより構成されており、
前記第1の固定部に接合されている前記第2の振動部および前記第2の錘部の組と、前記第2の固定部に接合されている前記第2の振動部および前記第2の錘部の組と、を備え、
前記第1の固定部に接合されている組の第2の錘部は、その一部が前記第2の固定部の下方に位置しており、
前記第2の固定部に接合されている組の第2の錘部は、その一部が前記第1の固定部の下方に位置している、
請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の圧電発電装置。
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JP2014529398A JP5871073B2 (ja) | 2012-08-07 | 2013-07-12 | 圧電発電装置 |
CN201380041432.0A CN104521130B (zh) | 2012-08-07 | 2013-07-12 | 压电发电装置 |
US14/611,528 US9893655B2 (en) | 2012-08-07 | 2015-02-02 | Piezoelectric power generation apparatus |
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JP2016172517A (ja) * | 2015-03-18 | 2016-09-29 | 株式会社藤居 | 自転車用ライト装置 |
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JP6406538B2 (ja) * | 2014-06-17 | 2018-10-17 | Toto株式会社 | トイレ装置用のリモコン装置 |
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US10505471B2 (en) | 2015-06-26 | 2019-12-10 | Roozbeh Khodambashi Emami | Piezoelectric generator, method of its operation and its application in production, storage and transmission of electric energy |
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