WO2014024569A1 - Élément de contact et moteur électrique - Google Patents

Élément de contact et moteur électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014024569A1
WO2014024569A1 PCT/JP2013/066738 JP2013066738W WO2014024569A1 WO 2014024569 A1 WO2014024569 A1 WO 2014024569A1 JP 2013066738 W JP2013066738 W JP 2013066738W WO 2014024569 A1 WO2014024569 A1 WO 2014024569A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
contact member
contact
commutator
brush
base material
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2013/066738
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
紘敬 三輪
南部　俊和
義貴 上原
Original Assignee
日産自動車株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 日産自動車株式会社 filed Critical 日産自動車株式会社
Priority to JP2014529342A priority Critical patent/JP5790885B2/ja
Publication of WO2014024569A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014024569A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
    • H01B1/04—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of carbon-silicon compounds, carbon or silicon
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
    • H01H1/021—Composite material
    • H01H1/023—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material
    • H01H1/0233—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing carbides
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
    • H01H1/04—Co-operating contacts of different material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/18—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush
    • H01R39/20—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush characterised by the material thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/18—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush
    • H01R39/26—Solid sliding contacts, e.g. carbon brush

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a contact member and a motor.
  • JP 2002-25346 A discloses a conductive member whose surface is coated with conductive diamond-like carbon to improve the strength.
  • the conductive member is less likely to be abraded, so that there is a possibility that the conformability between the members is poor and the contact area between the members remains small.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present invention to improve the conformability of a contact member to another contact member.
  • a contact member slidably in contact with another contact member.
  • the contact member includes a base material containing conductive hard carbon, and a layered material formed on the surface of the base material and in sliding contact with the other contact members and having a lower hardness than the base material. .
  • FIG. 1 shows a motor suitable for using the contact member according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2A is an enlarged view of a portion IIA of FIG.
  • FIG. 2B is a view showing a state in which the contact member and another contact member are in contact with each other after an operation time has elapsed from the state of FIG. 2A.
  • FIG. 3 is a view for explaining the thickness of the layered material of the contact member.
  • FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of a contact element according to the invention.
  • FIG. 5 shows a third embodiment of a contact element according to the invention.
  • the motor 1 is a direct current motor.
  • the electric motor 1 has an electric motor function of generating mechanical power when supplied with electric energy, and has a generator function of generating electric energy with supplied mechanical energy.
  • the motor 1 shown in FIG. 1 includes a case 10 and a rotor 20.
  • the case 10 is substantially cylindrical. A pair of bearings 11 are coaxially fitted on both end faces 10 a of the case 10. A magnet 12 is provided on the inner wall surface 10 b of the case 10. Further, the case 10 is provided with a plurality of brushes 14 as contact members via the elastic body 13.
  • the rotor 20 includes a rotor shaft 21, a rotor core 22, and a commutator 23 as another contact member.
  • the rotor shaft 21 is a rotating shaft of the rotor 20.
  • the rotor core 22 is provided around the rotor shaft 21.
  • the rotor core 22 is formed by laminating a large number of electromagnetic steel plates in the axial direction of the rotor shaft. Further, a coil 22 a is formed on the rotor core 22.
  • the commutator 23 is fixed to the rotor shaft 21.
  • the brush 14 is pressed by the elastic body 13 to the commutator 23.
  • the brush 14 is in sliding contact with the commutator 23 and is energized.
  • the brush 14 is provided with the base material 14a containing electroconductive hard carbon, and the layered material 14b which is formed in the surface of the base material 14a, and is in sliding contact with the commutator 23, as shown to FIG. 2A.
  • the base 14a is formed of a material containing conductive diamond as conductive hard carbon.
  • the conductive diamond is a diamond semiconductor doped with an impurity (such as boron B).
  • the substrate 14a is formed by a powder deposition method in which a powder material consisting of particles of conductive diamond and particles of impurities is deposited by spraying with helium gas.
  • a powder deposition method in which a powder material consisting of particles of conductive diamond and particles of impurities is deposited by spraying with helium gas.
  • the substrate 14a can be easily and inexpensively manufactured.
  • the base material 14a is manufactured also by plating method, sintering method, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), physical vapor deposition (PVD) or the like. It is possible.
  • the substrate 14a is formed to have high hardness and high elasticity by containing conductive diamond.
  • the base material 14a is hard to wear, so it was difficult to apply processing for improving the conformability in advance. Therefore, in the brush 14, the layer material 14b is coated on the surface of the base material 14a.
  • the layered material 14 b is formed to have low hardness as compared to the base material 14 a.
  • the layered material 14b is formed of a material containing conductive diamond, as with the base 14a.
  • the layer material 14 b which is formed to have low hardness and is likely to be worn is brought into sliding contact with the commutator 23 to wear the brush 14 and the commutator 23.
  • the familiarity between is improved.
  • the brush 14 can ensure good wear resistance because the base 14 a contains conductive diamond of high hardness. Therefore, the motor 1 having excellent maintainability (maintenance free) can be obtained.
  • the layered material 14 b is formed to have low elasticity as compared to the base material 14 a. That is, the layered material 14b is easily elastically deformed as compared with the base material 14a. Therefore, as compared with the case where the base material 14 a is in direct sliding contact, the conformability is improved by the amount that the layered material 14 b is easily elastically deformed when the brush 14 is in sliding contact with the commutator 23.
  • the layered material 14 b is formed to have a lower specific resistance than the base material 14 a.
  • the specific resistance is the magnitude of the electrical resistance per unit volume. This prevents the layered material 14 b from blocking the flow of electricity between the base 14 a and the commutator 23.
  • the layered material 14b is formed by the powder deposition method in the same manner as the base material 14a, but the density of the conductive diamond is lower than that of the base material 14a by adjusting the ratio of the conductive diamond and the impurities. Formed as.
  • the layered material 14b can be formed so as to have low hardness, low elasticity, and low specific resistance as compared to the base material 14a.
  • the thickness t of the layered material 14b is formed to be equal to or greater than the maximum depth Ry of the unevenness on the surface of the base material 14a. Even if the layered material 14b is worn due to the sliding contact between the brush 14 and the commutator 23, the wear of the layered material 14b will stop when the base material 14a is exposed. At this time, if the thickness t of the layered material 14 b is formed to be equal to or greater than the maximum depth Ry of the unevenness on the surface of the base material 14 a, the noncontact portion is exposed between the layered material 14 b and the commutator 23 There is nothing to do. Therefore, the brush 14 and the commutator 23 come in full contact with each other, and the conformability is improved.
  • the layered material 14b which is low hardness compared with the base material 14a is formed in the surface of the base material 14a. Therefore, as compared with the case where the base material 14a is in direct sliding contact with the commutator 23, the brush 14 and the commutator 23 are formed by the layer material 14b which is formed to have low hardness and is easily worn away by sliding contact with the commutator 23. The familiarity between is improved.
  • the layered material 14 b is formed of a material containing conductive diamond.
  • the layered material 214b covers the surface of the substrate 14a with conductive diamond like carbon (Diamond Like Carbon: hereinafter referred to as "conductive DLC"). It is formed by
  • the conductive DLC forming the layered material 214 b is an amorphous (amorphous) structure in which a diamond structure (SP3 crystal structure) and a graphite structure (SP2 crystal structure) are mixed.
  • the conductive DLC has a low hardness as compared to the base 14 a containing conductive diamond.
  • the layered material 214 b which is formed to have low hardness and is easily worn is brought into sliding contact with the commutator 23 and worn. Therefore, the conformability between the brush 214 and the commutator 23 is improved as compared with the case where the base material 14 a is in sliding contact with the commutator 23 directly.
  • the coefficient of friction of conductive DLC is higher than that of conductive diamond but lower than that of metal materials and the like.
  • the drag loss between the brush 214 and the commutator 23 is reduced. Therefore, the energy efficiency of the motor 1 is improved and the wear resistance is improved.
  • the brush 314 is formed by covering the surface of the substrate 14a with a layer material 314b formed of a metal material. It is different from the form.
  • the layered material 314 b is a metal material containing at least one of copper, aluminum, nickel, titanium, zinc, cobalt, gold, and silver. Each of these metal materials is a metal material having a low hardness as compared to the substrate 14a containing conductive diamond.
  • the layered material 314 b which is formed to have low hardness and is easily worn is brought into sliding contact with the commutator 23 and worn as in the embodiment described above. Therefore, the conformability between the brush 314 and the commutator 23 is improved as compared with the case where the base material 14 a is in sliding contact with the commutator 23 directly.
  • the above-mentioned metal material has a low specific resistance and low elasticity as compared with conductive diamond and conductive diamond-like carbon. Therefore, the energy efficiency of the motor 1 is further improved, and the compatibility between the brush 314 and the commutator 23 is further improved.
  • the structure of the contact member of the present invention is applied to the brushes 14, 214, 314 of the motor 1 in the above embodiment, the structure of the contact member of the present invention is not limited thereto, and is applied to the commutator 23 of the motor 1. You may In this case, the brushes 14, 214, 314 become other contact members.
  • the electric contact of the motor was raised and demonstrated in the said embodiment, it is not restricted to this.
  • the present invention is applicable to various electrical contacts for conducting electricity while in sliding contact with a mating member, such as pantographs and movable contacts of switches.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention porte sur un élément de contact qui réalise un contact glissant avec un autre élément de contact, conduisant ainsi un courant. Cet élément de contact comporte : un matériau de base contenant du carbone dur conducteur ; et un matériau stratifié qui est formé sur la surface du matériau de base et réalise un contact glissant avec l'autre élément de contact, et qui a un degré de dureté inférieur à celui du matériau de base.
PCT/JP2013/066738 2012-08-08 2013-06-18 Élément de contact et moteur électrique WO2014024569A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2014529342A JP5790885B2 (ja) 2012-08-08 2013-06-18 接点部材及び電動機

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2012176013 2012-08-08
JP2012-176013 2012-08-08

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014024569A1 true WO2014024569A1 (fr) 2014-02-13

Family

ID=50067810

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/JP2013/066738 WO2014024569A1 (fr) 2012-08-08 2013-06-18 Élément de contact et moteur électrique

Country Status (2)

Country Link
JP (1) JP5790885B2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014024569A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2016100954A (ja) * 2014-11-20 2016-05-30 日産自動車株式会社 摺動接点部材
CN105702485A (zh) * 2014-12-15 2016-06-22 西门子公司 用于电机开关装置的接触单元
CN109904994A (zh) * 2017-12-07 2019-06-18 日本永磁有限公司 燃料泵用dc电机和碳刷
CN111186303A (zh) * 2020-01-14 2020-05-22 大同新成新材料股份有限公司 可自动上下料的智能碳滑板用铜网铺设工装

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6254567U (fr) * 1985-09-20 1987-04-04
JPH03124002A (ja) * 1989-10-06 1991-05-27 Toyota Central Res & Dev Lab Inc 摺動電気部品
JPH05182733A (ja) * 1991-12-27 1993-07-23 Toutan Kako Kk 電気機械用カーボンブラシ
JP2006158032A (ja) * 2004-11-26 2006-06-15 Aisan Ind Co Ltd Ｄｃモータ
JP2006197724A (ja) * 2005-01-13 2006-07-27 Toshiba Tec Corp ブラシ装置及び整流子電動機
WO2009038193A1 (fr) * 2007-09-20 2009-03-26 Toyo Tanso Co., Ltd. Matériau carboné et son procédé de fabrication
WO2011128423A1 (fr) * 2010-04-16 2011-10-20 Diamond Detectors Limited Microélectrode de diamant

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6254567U (fr) * 1985-09-20 1987-04-04
JPH03124002A (ja) * 1989-10-06 1991-05-27 Toyota Central Res & Dev Lab Inc 摺動電気部品
JPH05182733A (ja) * 1991-12-27 1993-07-23 Toutan Kako Kk 電気機械用カーボンブラシ
JP2006158032A (ja) * 2004-11-26 2006-06-15 Aisan Ind Co Ltd Ｄｃモータ
JP2006197724A (ja) * 2005-01-13 2006-07-27 Toshiba Tec Corp ブラシ装置及び整流子電動機
WO2009038193A1 (fr) * 2007-09-20 2009-03-26 Toyo Tanso Co., Ltd. Matériau carboné et son procédé de fabrication
WO2011128423A1 (fr) * 2010-04-16 2011-10-20 Diamond Detectors Limited Microélectrode de diamant

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2016100954A (ja) * 2014-11-20 2016-05-30 日産自動車株式会社 摺動接点部材
CN105702485A (zh) * 2014-12-15 2016-06-22 西门子公司 用于电机开关装置的接触单元
US9754735B2 (en) 2014-12-15 2017-09-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Contact unit for an electromechanical switching device
CN109904994A (zh) * 2017-12-07 2019-06-18 日本永磁有限公司 燃料泵用dc电机和碳刷
CN111186303A (zh) * 2020-01-14 2020-05-22 大同新成新材料股份有限公司 可自动上下料的智能碳滑板用铜网铺设工装
CN111186303B (zh) * 2020-01-14 2021-05-04 大同新成新材料股份有限公司 可自动上下料的智能碳滑板用铜网铺设工装

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Publication number Publication date
JPWO2014024569A1 (ja) 2016-07-25
JP5790885B2 (ja) 2015-10-07

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