WO2014015645A1 - 一种具有链条驱动的夹砖机械手的制砖机 - Google Patents

一种具有链条驱动的夹砖机械手的制砖机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014015645A1
WO2014015645A1 PCT/CN2013/000373 CN2013000373W WO2014015645A1 WO 2014015645 A1 WO2014015645 A1 WO 2014015645A1 CN 2013000373 W CN2013000373 W CN 2013000373W WO 2014015645 A1 WO2014015645 A1 WO 2014015645A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
brick
mold
oil
robot
pressure
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2013/000373
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王庆起
Original Assignee
Wang Qingqi
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wang Qingqi filed Critical Wang Qingqi
Publication of WO2014015645A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014015645A1/zh

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B13/00Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
    • B28B13/04Discharging the shaped articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25JMANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J5/00Manipulators mounted on wheels or on carriages
    • B25J5/02Manipulators mounted on wheels or on carriages travelling along a guideway
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/02Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
    • B28B3/04Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form with one ram per mould
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P40/00Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
    • Y02P40/60Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a brick machine, in particular to a brick machine with a chain driven brick manipulator.
  • the bricks are mostly manually palletized, the manual operation force is not uniform, the finished product has a large breakage rate, the labor intensity is high, the efficiency is low, and it is not conducive to mechanized production.
  • various brick-making enterprises mostly perform palletizing operations by robots.
  • the prior art robots generally consist of two reverse-moving clamping arms and a plurality of friction plates suspended therebetween, and two clamping arms when clamping bricks. Relatively moving inward, the bricks are displaced until the friction plate is clamped, and the palletizing operation is realized by the lifting fixture.
  • the prior art robot has poor handling performance, poor automation, and uneven force when clamping the brick blank, and the brick of too low strength is easily damaged and cannot meet the needs in the production process.
  • the eight-hole mechanical brick machine is a mechanical brick-making equipment that has been used for a long time. It uses a mechanical crankshaft pressurization method to press the raw material in the material cavity, and the press forming time is only 1 ⁇ 2 seconds, and the brick blank is not well exhausted.
  • the pressed bricks have low strength and rough surface. After steaming, the anti-frozen and freeze-thaw bricks are not up to standard, and the brick-laying method adopts manpower, and the bricks are easy to fall off.
  • the shape of the brick is not good, and each equipment has 2 ⁇ 3 people per shift. The labor cost is high. In addition, the equipment can only suppress the standard bricks.
  • the technology for producing hollow bricks is immature and the failure rate is high. It can produce hollow bricks with other domestic equipment. There is a certain gap between the requirements for saving raw materials and blocks. The output of such equipment is not high. The single unit is usually produced below 1200 ⁇ 1800 bricks per hour. However, this equipment also has advantages. The price is: ⁇ :, less investment The wearing parts are relatively cheap and easy to maintain. At present, such equipment is widely used in small brick factories, and there are certain markets in some areas of the country, but there is a gradual decrease trend.
  • the mechanical stamping type brick machine imitates the structure of the mechanical punching machine, and also uses the mechanical crankshaft supercharging method to press the brick blank.
  • the difference from the eight-hole disc mechanical brick making machine is that the pressing method is from top to bottom, and the eight-hole disc machine The style is from bottom to top.
  • the production and molding cycle brick performance is not much different from that of the eight-hole mechanical brick machine. At present, there are not many applications for this kind of equipment.
  • Vibrating block forming machine is a kind of brick making equipment which has been gradually applied in recent years. It can be used to produce various bricks and bags. Brackets, hollow bricks, blocks, etc. It uses the material vibration molding method to produce bricks, so the pressure of brick forming is not high, the compactness is small, and it is difficult to palletize. In order to reach a certain height, it is necessary to place a pallet under each mold brick, which increases the investment accordingly.
  • the bricks produced by this kind of equipment are generally used for natural maintenance. The natural curing period is long, generally about 28 days, and after 1 to 2 days, a certain initial strength can be formed to remove the pallet, so the amount of pallets is large. The use of the venue is also large.
  • the spiral extrusion type brick making machine mainly uses bricks such as clay or coal gangue, which have a plasticity index higher than that of the raw materials, and the bricks produced by the same are mainly sintered.
  • the shortcomings of this kind of equipment are obvious. Firstly, the energy consumption is particularly high. Taking the energy-saving 50 machine as an example, when the extrusion pressure is 2MPA, the installed power reaches about 150KW, and when the extrusion pressure is 4MPA, the installed power is as high as 250KW. the above. The non-energy-saving installation power is higher; secondly, the use range of the molding material of the equipment is limited, and it must be a certain viscosity material.
  • the object of the present invention is to solve the above technical problems. ffii provides a high degree of automation of a brick manipulator and a brick making device.
  • a chain-driven brick-carrying robot is slidably disposed on a robot mounting bracket, the brick-carrying robot comprising a power system, a control system and a brick system, the power system including a robot motor, a robot pump, a solenoid valve, and a high voltage a fuel pipe and a hydraulic motor;
  • the control system includes a control button and a clamping oil top;
  • the brick system includes a plurality of oppositely disposed clamping plates, a clamping force arm connected to the clamping oil top, and a clamping force arm and a passing force The clamping force guiding column of the clamping plate is connected; the hydraulic motor drives the clamping brick robot to slide by the chain.
  • the robot mounting bracket includes a sliding rail and a sliding bracket
  • the chain is mounted on the sliding rail by a gear
  • the robot is slidably mounted on the sliding bracket
  • the sliding bracket can slide left and right on the sliding rail.
  • the hydraulic motor drives the sliding bracket through the chain drive and drives the robot to slide.
  • the sliding bracket further includes a guiding rod
  • the brick system further includes a guiding sleeve capable of sliding on the guiding rod
  • the control system further comprises a lifting oil top, wherein the lifting oil top control robot is Sliding on the guiding rod; a clamping spring pad is arranged on the inner side of the clamping plate.
  • a pure static pressure type brick making machine the brick making machine comprises a brick machine power system and a brick machine static pressure system, and the aforementioned brick driven robot with a chain drive
  • the brick machine power system comprises a brick machine motor and a brick machine Oil pump and oil pipe
  • static pressure of the brick machine The system comprises a rack, a multifunctional hydraulic platform frame, a mold pressing top, a mold, an operating handle, a reversing valve, a mold sending device, a stripper and a hopper arranged on the top of the mold pressing top;
  • the brick motor drives the brick oil pump
  • the brick oil pump is connected to the reversing valve through the oil pipe, and the reversing valve works by the oil pipe to control the die pressing top, the mold sending device and the stripping device.
  • the robot mounting bracket is provided with left and right stroke switches for controlling the stroke of the robot, and upper and lower switches.
  • the multifunctional hydraulic platform frame comprises a gantry bracket, an operating platform and a mold mounting device;
  • the gantry bracket comprises a gantry bracket standing leg, and a pressure-bearing upper pier panel fixed at the top of the gantry bracket is fixed on the pressure-bearing upper block
  • the sliding rail mounting portion at the upper part of the panel is for receiving the sliding rail of the brick driving robot with chain drive, and further comprises an oil top fixing plate fixed on the lower part of the pressure bearing upper sub-panel, and the hydraulic oil top is fixed in parallel by the oil top fixing flat plate.
  • the oil top fixing plate is fixed on the gantry bracket leg by the oil top fixing frame;
  • the operating platform is provided with a handle operating hole, and a mold mounting device is arranged in the middle of the operating platform, wherein the mold mounting device comprises a mold Track, track hook, mold bearing ffi board, mold pressure bearing device and mold bearing plate fixed tripod; wherein the mold track is the running track of the mold, a total of front, middle and rear three sections; fixed setting on the operating platform a track hook, the mold rail is spliced on the track hook; the mold bearing The pressing device is connected to the middle section of the mold rail; the mold bearing plate is arranged on the operating platform, and the bottom of the mold bearing plate is fixed with a die bearing plate for fixing the die bearing plate; the lower part of the operating platform is further provided There is a bottom fixed tripod, the operating platform is firmly fixed to the lower part of the gantry bracket leg by a fixed tripod, and a stripper bracket and a slot type ash hopper are also arranged
  • a vibration forming brick making machine comprising: a brick machine power system and a brick machine vibration system; and the aforementioned chain driven brick manipulator;
  • the brick machine power system comprises an electric control cabinet and a motor oil pump set Each control hydraulic oil pipe, each control hydraulic oil top, a lower pressure vibration product forming moving platform, a mold pressure head, a mold mold sleeve;
  • the brick machine vibration system includes a hopper, a feeder, a feeder arm, a feeder bracket, Dispenser, material hydraulic motor, bottom vibration motor, vibration box and vibrator.
  • each of the control hydraulic oil pipes includes a hydraulic motor hydraulic pipe of a material, a hydraulic control product for forming a moving platform, a control oil pipe for steering, a hydraulic oil pipe for a steering head, a hydraulic oil pipe for a mold head, a hydraulic oil pipe for a mold cavity, and a feeder control.
  • the oil pipe includes: a steering control hydraulic oil top, a hopper door switch hydraulic oil top, a feeder motion control oil top, a hopper door control hydraulic oil top, a lower pressure vibration product forming mobile platform motion control oil top, The mold head lifts the oil top and the mold mold sleeve lifts the oil top.
  • the chain-driven manipulator of the invention drives the chain to move the manipulator in the sliding track by the hydraulic motor, so that the movement of the manipulator becomes a rail movement, which greatly improves the working precision of the manipulator.
  • the movement of the robot is easier to control.
  • the set of the manipulator of the present invention is matched with the static pressure type brick making machine, and a batch of forming bricks which will appear on the same type of stripper
  • the blank is simultaneously moved to the brick palletizing platform;
  • the set of robots is used in conjunction with the vibrating forming brick machine to simultaneously move a batch of forming bricks on the moving platform of the underlying vibrating product to the brick palletizing platform;
  • the action and the host are controlled by the main control box, which can be automatically completed, thereby greatly improving the automation of the brick making machine.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a first embodiment of a brick-making machine with a chain-driven brick-clamping robot of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the power system of the brick manipulator of the first embodiment.
  • Figure 3 is a side elevational view of the tile robot of Figure 1.
  • Figure 4 is a rear elevational view of the multi-function hydraulic platform frame of Figure 1.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of a second embodiment of the brick-making machine (chain-driven brick-clamping robot not shown) of the chain-driven brick-clamping robot of the present invention.
  • the brick making machine is a pure static pressure type brick making machine.
  • the pure static pressure type brick making machine mainly comprises a brick machine power system, a brick machine static pressure system, and a clip. Brick manipulator.
  • the brick power system includes a brick motor 37, a brick oil pump 38, and a tubing 15 and a hydraulic oil top.
  • the static brick machine system comprises a frame 4, a multifunctional hydraulic platform frame 39, a mold pressing top 16, a mold 17, an operating handle 14, a change valve 13, a mold feeder 18, a stripper 19, and a top portion of the mold press Hopper 36.
  • the clamping brick manipulator is slidably disposed on the robot mounting bracket, the clamping brick robot comprises a power system, a control system and a brick system, and the power system comprises a robot motor 29, a robot oil pump 30, a solenoid valve 28, a high pressure oil pipe 9 and a hydraulic motor 11;
  • the control system comprises a control button 12 and a clamping oil top 2;
  • the brick system comprises a plurality of oppositely disposed clamping plates 1, 3 in the figure, a clamping force arm 23 connected to the clamping oil top 2, and a clamping force arm 23 Connected to the clamping force guide column 22 passing through the clamping plate 1: Liquid) 7
  • the motor 1 1 drives the clamping brick robot to slide by the chain 6.
  • the robot mounting bracket includes a sliding rail 10 and a sliding bracket 7, and the chain 6 is mounted on the sliding rail 10 via a gear 5, and the robot is slidably mounted on the sliding bracket 7, and the sliding bracket 7 can slide left and right on the sliding rail 10, and the hydraulic motor 11 passes through the chain 6 Drive the sliding bracket 7 and drive the robot to slide.
  • the slide rail 10 is mounted on the slide rail mounting portion 40 at the top of the multi-function hydraulic platform frame 39 of the brick making machine.
  • the sliding bracket 7 further includes a guide bar 3, which further includes a guide sleeve 21 that is slidable on the guide bar 3.
  • the control system also includes a lift cap 8, and the lift cap 8 controls the manipulator to slide over the guide bar 3.
  • a clamping spring pad 24 is disposed on the inner side of the splint 1.
  • the control system also includes a left stroke switch 31, a right stroke switch 32, a down stroke switch 33, and an up stroke switch 34 that control the robot stroke.
  • the gear 5 is disposed on the slide rail 10, and the hydraulic motor 11 drives the chain 6 to circulate through the gear 5, and drives the slide bracket 7 to slide left and right on the slide rail 10.
  • FIG 4 is a rear elevational view of the multi-function hydraulic platform frame of Figure 1.
  • the multifunctional hydraulic platform frame 39 mainly comprises a gantry bracket, an operating platform 47, a mold bearing plate and a mold mounting device.
  • the gantry bracket includes a gantry bracket leg 41, and a pressure-bearing upper sub-panel 42 fixed to the top of the gantry bracket, which is firmly connected with the gantry bracket leg by the top fixed tripod 44, and the function of the pressure-bearing upper sub-panel 42 is a pressure vertical plate of a hydraulic oil top;
  • the frame includes a sliding rail mounting portion 40 fixed to an upper portion of the pressure upper pier panel 42 to receive The sliding track 10 of the chain driven brick manipulator.
  • the gantry bracket further includes an oil top fixing plate 43 fixed to the lower portion of the pressure upper pier panel 42.
  • the hydraulic oil top is fixed to the pressure upper pier panel 42 in parallel by the oil top fixing plate 43, and the oil top fixing plate 43 is fixed by the oil top.
  • the frame is fixed to the gantry support station leg 41.
  • the operation platform 47 is a work surface when the worker is working, and the operation platform 47 is provided with a handle operation hole 54.
  • the operation handle 14 is mounted on the handle operation hole.
  • a mold mounting device is provided in the middle of the operating platform 47, wherein the mold mounting device includes a mold rail 50, a rail pull hook 51, a mold pressure receiving plate 53, a mold pressure receiving device 46, and a mold bearing plate fixing tripod 52.
  • the mold track 50 is a track for running the mold, and has a total of front, middle and rear sections; a track hook 51 is fixedly arranged on the operating platform, and the mold track 50 is welded on the track hook 51.
  • the mold pressure-receiving device 46 is connected to the middle portion of the mold rail 50, and has a pressure buffering function for the mold and the mold rail 50.
  • the mold bearing plate 53 is disposed on the operating platform to function as a pressure-bearing mold, and a mold-bearing plate fixing tripod 52 is provided at the bottom thereof for fixing the mold bearing plate.
  • a bottom fixing tripod 48 is disposed at a lower portion of the operating platform 47.
  • the operating platform 47 is firmly fixed to the lower portion of the gantry bracket leg 41 by a fixed tripod 48, and a stripper bracket 49 and a groove type are further disposed at a lower portion of the operating platform.
  • the brick oil pump 38 is connected to the reversing width 13 through the oil pipe, and is operated by operating the handle 14, at the same time, the hopper 36 is opened, the blank is put into the mold 17, the reversing valve 13 is operated, and the oil pipe is fed into the mold sending device 18, The mold 17 is fed into the pressing position, the reversing valve 13 is operated, the hydraulic oil is supplied to the hydraulic oil top disposed on the upper portion of the mold pressing top 16 through the oil pipe 15, and the mold pressing top 16 is controlled to perform the pressing operation, and then the static pressure is started, and the pressing is completed.
  • the mold is connected to the mold feeder and enters the mold sending device; the mold 17 is moved to the demolding position, the reversing valve 13 is operated, the oil pipe connecting the stripper is passed, and the mold release device 19 is taken out to release the mold. . At this point, the entire brick making process is completed.
  • the robot motor 29 is activated by the start switch button 27, the mechanical oil pump 30 is started to operate, and the control button 12 is clicked through the electric control box 35 to control the electromagnetic
  • the valve 28 enters the hydraulic motor 11 through the high pressure oil pipe 9, and the hydraulic motor 11 drives the sliding bracket 7 through the chain 6 and drives the robot 30 to start to operate to the left, and is controlled to be positioned above the stripper by the left stroke switch 31;
  • Clicking the control button 12 controls the electromagnetic valve 28 to pass through the high pressure oil pipe 9 to the lifting oil top 8 through the electric control box 35, and the control robot is lowered to the upper side of the stripper 19, and is positioned by the lower stroke switch 33, while clicking the control button 12 through the electronic control
  • the tank 35 controls the solenoid valve 28 to pass through the high pressure oil pipe 9 to the pinch oil top 2 for the brick clamping operation.
  • the control button 12 is clicked through the electric control box 35, and the control solenoid valve 28 enters the lifting oil top 8 through the rolling oil pipe 9, and the machine starts to slide upwards at - 30, and is positioned by the upper stroke switch 34, and then the button 12 is clicked.
  • the electromagnetic reversing valve 28 is controlled by the electric control box 35, and enters the hydraulic motor 11 through the high pressure oil pipe 9, and the hydraulic motor 11 drives the sliding bracket 7 through the chain 6 and drives the manipulator 30 to operate, the robot 30
  • the ⁇ starts to the right and is controlled to be positioned above the palletizing platform 20 by the right stroke 32.
  • control button 12 is clicked through the electric control box 35, and the control solenoid valve 28 enters the lifting oil top 8 through the high pressure oil pipe 9 and starts to descend to the palletizing platform 20, and is positioned by the lower stroke switch 33; the button 12 is controlled by the electric control box 35.
  • the solenoid valve 28, the hydraulic oil enters the pinch oil top 2 through the high pressure oil pipe 9, and performs the brick laying operation. At this point, a complete process of turning and placing bricks is completed.
  • the brick machine adopts a vibration forming brick machine, which also adopts a brick driving robot with a chain drive, wherein the sliding rail 10 of the brick clamping robot is installed on the hydraulic pressure of the vibration forming brick machine.
  • a sliding rail mounting portion at the top of the platform frame (not shown, which may extend in the left direction at the top of the hydraulic platform frame, and the specific operating direction depends on the mounting position). Therefore, in the second embodiment, only the process of brick making of the vibration molding brick machine will be described.
  • the vibration forming brick making machine of the invention mainly comprises a brick machine power system, a brick machine vibration system and a brick brick manipulator.
  • the structure and use of the brick manipulator are identical to those of the first embodiment.
  • the brick machine power system comprises an electric control cabinet 105, a motor oil pump group 102, various control hydraulic oil pipes, various control hydraulic oil tops, a lower pressure vibration product forming mobile platform 110, a mold pressure head 108, and a mold mold sleeve 109: brick machine vibration
  • the system comprises a hopper 122, a feeder 113, a feeder arm 123, a feeder bracket 114, a feeder 1 15 , a material hydraulic motor 116, a bottom vibration motor 112, a vibration box 111 and a vibrator 106;
  • the system consists essentially of a drive unit 19, a drive wheel 18 and a steering wheel 117.
  • Each control hydraulic oil pipe includes a hydraulic motor hydraulic fuel pipe 127, a lower pressure vibration product molding mobile platform motion control oil pipe 129, a steering control hydraulic oil pipe 131, a mold pressure head hydraulic oil pipe 134, a mold die sleeve hydraulic oil pipe 135, and a feeder control oil pipe. 136;
  • Each control hydraulic oil top includes a steering control hydraulic oil top 120, a hopper door shutoff hydraulic oil top 121, a feeder motion control oil top 125, a hopper door control hydraulic oil top 128, a lower pressure vibration product forming mobile platform motion control The oil top 130, the mold head lifting oil top 132, and the mold mold sleeve lifting oil top 133.
  • the oil pipe 136 controls the feeder movement control oil level 125 and drives the feeder arm 123 to feed the feeder 113 to the bottom of the hopper 122.
  • the die sleeve and the pressure head knob of the electric control cabinet 105 are pulled downward, and the hydraulic oil in the oil pump of the motor oil pump group 102 is controlled to enter the mold pressure head hydraulic oil pipe 134 and the mold die sleeve hydraulic oil pipe 135 at the same time, and the mold pressure head 108 is controlled at the same time.
  • the mold sleeve 109 is moved downward until the underside of the mold sleeve 109 is in contact with the ground.
  • the driving device 119 When the walking knob of the electric control cabinet 105 is pressed, the driving device 119 is controlled to control the driving wheel 118 to automatically stop after 3 seconds, and the steering wheel 117 can be controlled to rotate to control the movement of the brick machine.
  • the chain-driven manipulator of the invention drives the chain to move the manipulator in the sliding track by the hydraulic motor, so that the movement of the manipulator becomes a rail movement, which greatly improves the working precision of the manipulator. In addition, the movement of the robot is easier to control.
  • the set of manipulators of the present invention is used together with the static pressing brick machine to simultaneously move a batch of formed bricks appearing on the synchronous stripper to the brick palletizing platform; the set of robots is matched with the vibration forming brick machine A batch of forming bricks on the moving platform of the underlying vibrating product is simultaneously moved to the brick palletizing platform; the whole conveying action is controlled by the main control box and can be automatically completed, thereby greatly improving the automation of the brick making machine. .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Robotics (AREA)
  • Manipulator (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)

Abstract

一种具有链条驱动的夹砖机械手的制砖机,包括夹砖机械手,砖机动力系统,和砖机静压系统或砖机震动系统。夹砖机械手包括动力系统、控制系统和夹砖系统,动力系统包括机械手电机(29),机械手油泵(30),电磁阀(28),高压油管(9)以及液压马达(11);控制系统包括控制按钮(12)和夹力油顶(2);夹砖系统包括相对设置的数块夹板(1);液压马达(11)通过链条(6)带动夹砖机械手滑动运动。

Description

说 明 书 一种具有链条驱动的夹砖机械手的制砖机
本申请要求 2012年 7月 25円申请的, 申请号为 CN2012102576219, 发明名称为 "一种 具有链条驱动的夹砖机械手的纯静压式制砖机"的中国发明专利申请的优先权。
技术领域
本发明涉及砖机设各, 特别是涉及一种具有链条驱动的夹砖机械手的制砖机。
背景技术
现有技术中的砖坯多通过人工码垛, 人工操作用力大小不均匀, 成品破损率大, 劳动强 度大, 效率低, 且不利于机械化生产。
因而, 目前各制砖企业多通过机械手来进行码垛操作, 现有技术的机械手一般是由两个 反向移动的夹臂及其中间吊挂的若干摩擦板组成, 夹砖时两个夹臂相对向内移动, 将其中的 砖坯移位直至摩檫板夹紧, 通过提升夹具实现码垛操作。但现有技术的机械手操控性能不好, 自动化程度差, 且在夹紧砖坯时受力不均匀, 强度过低的砖坯则很容易损坏, 无法满足生产 过程中的需要。
目前用于生产建筑用砖坯的制造机械很多, 如: 八孔盘机械式制砖机、 机械式制砖机、 振动式砌块成型机、 螺旋挤出式制砖机等多种制砖机械。
以上这些机械都可以用来生产建筑用砖坯, 但使用起来却各有优势。 八孔盘机械式制砖 机是目前使用时间较长的一种机械式制砖设备。 它采用机械式曲轴增压方式压制原料料腔内 的原料, 压制成型时间只有 1〜2秒, 砖坯排气不好。 压制出来的砖坯强度不高, 表面粗糙, 蒸养后抗折抗冻融性砖不达标、 出砖方式采用人力、 砖坯容易掉棱角。 砖外形不好看, 且每 台设备每班要占 2〜3人, 人力成本较高, 另外这种设备只能压制标砖, 生产空心砖技术不成 熟、 故障率高, 与国内其它设备可生产空心砖及砌块节约原材料的要求有一定差距, 再就是 这种设备产量不高, 单台一般每小时产 1200〜1800块标砖以下, 但这种设备也有长处, 其价 格便: ή:、 投资少、 易损件相对便宜、 维修简单。 目前这种设备在小型的砖厂应用较多, 在国 内某些地区还有一定市场, 但有逐渐减少趋势。
机械冲压式制砖机仿造机械冲床的结构, 也采用机械式曲轴增压方式压制砖坯, 与八孔 盘机械式制砖机的不同点就是加压方式是由上往下, 而八孔盘机械式是由下往上。 其产量、 成型周期砖坯性能与八孔盘机械式制砖机差别不大。 目前这种设备应用不多。
振动式砌块成型机是这几年逐渐应用发展的一种制砖设备, 可以用来生产各种砖坯, 包 括标砖、 空心砖、 砌块等。 它采用原料振动成型的方式生产砖坯, 所以砖坯成型的压力不高, 密实度较小, 难以码髙。 为了码到一定高度必须要在每模出来砖坯下面垫一个托板, 相应增 加了投资。 这种设备生产出來的砖坯一般用以自然养护, 自然养护周期较长, 一般都在 28天 左右, 而且在 1〜2天后才能形成一定的初始强度撤掉托板, 所以托板用量较大, 使用场地也 较大。 目前这种设备也多采用液压缸脱模及加料。 PLC 自动控制等先进方式, 其自动化程度 较高, 这种设备目前最大的缺点是初坯强度不高, 需要大量的托板。
螺旋挤出式制砖机主要以黏土或煤矸石等塑性指数较髙的原料制砖的机械, 其生产的砖 坯主要以烧结成型。 这种设备的缺点很明显, 首先其能耗特别高, 以节能型 50机为例, 其挤 出压力 2MPA时, 装机功率就达到 150KW左右, 其挤出压力为 4MPA时、 装机功率更高达 250KW以上。非节能型的装机功率更高;其次是这种设备成型原料的使用范围有一定的限制, 它必须是有一定粘性的原料。
由以上分析可以看出, 目前建筑行业缺少一种性价比高、 产量大砖坯初强度卨、 自动化 程度高的新型制砖设备。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是为了解决上述技术问题 ffii提供一种自动化程度高的夹砖机械手以及制 砖设备。
本发明为解决上述技术问题而采用的技术方案是:
一种具有链条驱动的夹砖机械手, 其滑动设置在机械手安装支架上, 所述夹砖机械手包 括动力系统、 控制系统和夹砖系统, 所述动力系统包括机械手电机、 机械手油泵、 电磁阀、 高压油管以及液压马达; 所述控制系统包括控制按钮和夹力油顶; 所述夹砖系统包括相对设 置的数块夹板, 与夹力油顶相连的夹力支臂, 夹力支臂与穿过夹板的夹力导向柱相连; 所述 液压马达通过链条带动夹砖机械手滑动运动。
进一歩地, 所述机械手安装支架包括滑动轨道和滑动支架, 所述链条通过齿轮安装在滑 动轨道上, 所述机械手滑动安装在滑动支架上, 所述滑动支架可在滑动轨道上左右滑动, 所 述液压马达通过链条传动滑动支架并带动机械手滑动运动。
进一歩地, 所述滑动支架还包括导向杆, 所述夹砖系统还包括能够在导向杆上滑动的导 向套; 所述控制系统还包括升降油顶, 所述升降油顶控制机械手在所述导向杆上滑动; 所述 夹板内侧设置有夹力弹垫。
一种纯静压式制砖机, 所述制砖机包括砖机动力系统和砖机静压系统以及前述的具有链 条驱动的夹砖机械手, 所述砖机动力系统包括砖机电机、 砖机油泵以及油管; 所述砖机静压 系统包括机架、 多功能液压平台架、 模具压制顶、 模具、 操作手柄、 换向阀、 送模器、 脱模 器以及设置在模具压制顶上部的料斗; 所述砖机电机带动砖机油泵运转, 砖机油泵通过油管 与换向阀连接, 换向阀通过油管支配模具压制顶、 送模器和脱模器进行工作。
进一步地, 所述机械手安装支架上设有控制机械手行程的左、 右行程开关以及上、 下行 程开关。
进一步地, 所述多功能液压平台架, 包括龙门支架、 操作平台以及模具安装装置; 所述 龙门支架包括龙门支架站腿, 固定在龙门支架顶部的承压上墩子面板, 固定在承压上墩子面 板上部的滑动轨道安装部, 以承接具有链条驱动的夹砖机械手的滑动轨道, 还包括固定在承 压上墩子面板下部的油顶固定平板, 液压油顶通过油顶固定平板平行的固定在承压上墩子面 板上, 油顶固定平板通过油顶固定架固定在龙门支架站腿上; 所述操作平台上设有手柄操作 孔, 在操作平台中间设有模具安装装置, 其中模具安装装置包括模具轨道、 轨道拉钩、 模具 承 ffi板、 模具承压装置和模具承压板固定三角架; 其中模具轨道是模具运行的轨道, 一共有 前、 中、 后三段组成; 在操作平台上还固定设置有轨道拉钩, 模具轨道烊接在轨道拉钩上; 所述模具承压装置与模具轨道的中段连接; 所述模具承压板设覽在操作平台上, 其底部设有 模具承压板固定三角架, 用于固定模具承压板; 所述操作平台的下部还设有底部固定三角架, 所述操作平台通过固定三角架牢固的固定在龙门支架站腿的下部, 在操作平台下部还设有脱 模器支架和槽型接灰斗。
一种震动成型制砖机, 所述震动成型制砖机包括砖机动力系统和砖机震动系统以及前述 的具有链条驱动的夹砖机械手; 所述砖机动力系统包括电控柜、 电机油泵组、 各个控制液压 油管、 各个控制液压油顶、 下承压震动制品成型移动平台、 模具压头、 模具模套组成; 所述 砖机震动系统包括料斗、 送料器、 送料器手臂、 送料器支架、 拨料器、 拨料液压马达、 底部 震动电机、 震动箱以及震动器。
进一歩地, 所述各个控制液压油管包括拨料液压马达液压油管、 下承压震动制品成型移 动平台运动控制油管、 转向控制液压油管、 模具压头液压油管、 模具模套液压油管以及送料 器控制油管; 所述各个控制液压油顶包括转向控制液压油顶、 料斗门开关液压油顶、 送料器 运动控制油顶、 料斗门控制液压油顶、 下承压震动制品成型移动平台运动控制油顶、 模具压 头升降油顶以及模具模套升降油顶。
本发明的通过链条驱动的机械手,通过液压马达带动链条带动机械手在滑动轨道内运动, 使得机械手的运动成为了有轨运动, 大大提高了机械手的工作精度。 此外, 机械手的运动更 易于得到控制。
本发明的这一套机械手与静压式制砖机配套使用, 将出现在同歩脱模器上的一批成型砖 坯同时移动到砖坯码垛平台上; 这一套机械手与震动成型制砖机相配套使用, 将下承压震动 制品成型移动平台上的一批成型砖坯同时移动到砖坯码垛平台上; 整套运送动作与主机配合 由主控箱控制, 能够自动完成, 从而大大提高了制砖机的自动化。 附图说明
图 1是本发明的带有链条驱动的夹砖机械手的制砖机的第一实施例的结构示意图。
图 2是第一实施例的夹砖机械手动力系统的示意图。
图 3是图 1中的夹砖机械手的侧视图。
图 4是图 1中的多功能液压平台架的后视图。
图 5是本发明的带有链条驱动的夹砖机械手的制砖机 (链条驱动的夹砖机械手未示出) 的第 二实施例的结构示意图。
图 1-5中各部件名称如下:
1、 夹板, 2、 夹力油顶, 3、 导向杆, 4、 机架, 5、 齿轮, 6、 链条, 7、 滑动支架, 8、 升降油顶, 9、 高压油管, 10、 滑动轨道, 1 1、 液压马达, 12、 控制按钮, 13、 换向阀, 14、 操作手柄, 15、 油管, 16、 模具压制顶, 17、 模具, 18、 送模器, 19、 脱模器, 20、 码垛平 台, 21、 导向套, 22、 夹力导向柱, 23、 夹力支臂, 24、 夹力弹垫, 25、 夹板固定螺母, 26、 移动滑轮, 27、 开关按钮, 28、 电磁阀, 29、 机械手电机, 30、 机械手油泵, 31、 左行程开 关, 32、 右行程幵关, 33、 下行程开关, 34、 上行程开关, 35、 电控箱, 36、 料斗, 37、 砖 机电机, 38、 砖机油泵, 39、 多功能液压平台架, 40、 滑动轨道安装部, 41、 龙门支架站腿, 42、 承压上墩子面板, 43、 油顶固定平板, 44、 顶部固定三角架, 45、 油顶固定架, 46、 模 具承压装置, 47、 操作平台, 48、 底部固定三角架, 49、 脱模器支架, 50、 模具轨道, 51、 轨道拉钩, 52、 模具承压板固定三角架, 53、 模具承压板, 54、 手柄操作孔, 55、 接灰斗, 101、 电磁阀, 102、 电机油泵组, 103、 油箱, 104、 导向柱, 105、 电控柜, 106、 震动 器, 107、 导向柱座, 108、 模具压头, 109、 模具模套, 1 10、 下承压震动制品成型移动 平台, 111、 震动箱, 112、 底板震动电机, 113、 送料器, 1 14、 送料器支架, 115、 拨料 器, 1 16、 拨料器液压马达, 117、 导向轮, 118、 驱动轮, 1 19、 驱动装置, 120、 转向控 制液压油顶, 121、 料斗门开关液压油顶, 122、 料斗, 123、 送料器手臂, 124、 料斗固 定架, 125、送料器运动控制油顶, 126、油管固定架, 127、拨料液压马达液压油管, 128、 料斗门控制液压油顶, 129、 下承压震动制品成型移动平台运动控制油管, 130、 下承压震 动制品成型移动平台运动控制油顶, 131、转向控制液压油管, 132、模具压头升降油顶, 133、 模具模套升降油顶, 134、 模具压头液压油管, 135、 模具模套液压油管, 136、 送料器控 制油管, 137、 下震电线, 138、 上震电线 具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明进行详细描述。
实施例一
首先介绍本发明的第一实施例, 即制砖机为纯静压式制砖机, 参照图 1-3, 纯静压式制 砖机主要包括砖机动力系统、 砖机静压系统、 夹砖机械手。
砖机动力系统包括砖机电机 37、 砖机油泵 38以及油管 15和液压油顶。
静压砖机系统包括机架 4、 多功能液压平台架 39, 模具压制顶 16、 模具 17、 操作手柄 14、 换 | 阀 13、 送模器 18、 脱模器 19以及设置在模具压制顶上部的料斗 36。
夹砖机械手, 其滑动设置在机械手安装支架上, 夹砖机械手包括动力系统、 控制系统和 夹砖系统, 动力系统包括机械手电机 29、 机械手油泵 30、 电磁阀 28、 高压油管 9以及液压 马达 11 ; 控制系统包括控制按钮 12和夹力油顶 2; 夹砖系统包括相对设置的数块夹板 1, 图 中为 3块, 与夹力油顶 2相连的夹力支臂 23, 夹力支臂 23与穿过夹板 1的夹力导向柱 22相 连: 液)7 马达 1 1通过链条 6带动夹砖机械手滑动运动。
机械手安装支架包括滑动轨道 10和滑动支架 7, 链条 6通过齿轮 5安装在滑动轨道 10 上, 机械手滑动安装在滑动支架 7上, 滑动支架 7可在滑动轨道 10上左右滑动, 液压马达 11通过链条 6传动滑动支架 7并带动机械手滑动运动。 其中滑动轨道 10安装在制砖机的多 功能液压平台架 39的顶部的滑动轨道安装部 40。
滑动支架 7还包括导向杆 3, 夹砖系统还包括能够在导向杆 3上滑动的导向套 21。
控制系统还包括升降油顶 8, 升降油顶 8控制机械手在导向杆 3上滑动。
夹板 1内侧设置有夹力弹垫 24。
控制系统还包括控制机械手行程的左行程开关 31、 右行程开关 32、 下行程开关 33和上 行程开关 34。 齿轮 5设置在滑动轨道 10上, 液压马达 11驱动链条 6通过齿轮 5循环转动, 并带动滑动支架 7在滑动轨道 10上左右滑动。
图 4是图 1中的多功能液压平台架的后视图。该多功能液压平台架 39主要包括龙门支架、 操作平台 47、 模具承压板以及模具安装装置。
龙门支架, 包括龙门支架站腿 41 , 固定在龙门支架顶部的承压上墩子面板 42, 其通过顶 部固定三角架 44牢固的与龙门支架站腿连接在一起, 承压上墩子面板 42的作用为液压油顶 的承压立式板; 机架包括固定在承压上墩子面板 42上部的滑动轨道安装部 40, 以承接具有 链条驱动的夹砖机械手的滑动轨道 10。
龙门支架还包括固定在承压上墩子面板 42下部的油顶固定平板 43, 液压油顶通过油顶 固定平板 43平行的固定在承压上墩子面板 42上,油顶固定平板 43通过油顶固定架固定在龙 门支架站腿 41上。
操作平台 47是工人工作时的工作台面, 其操作平台 47上设有手柄操作孔 54, 在手柄操 作孔上安装有操作手柄 14。 在操作平台 47的中间设有模具安装装置, 其中模具安装装置包 括模具轨道 50、轨道拉钩 51、模具承压板 53、模具承压装置 46和模具承压板固定三角架 52。 其中模具轨道 50是模具运行的轨道, 一共有前、 中、 后三段组成; 在操作平台上还固定设置 有轨道拉钩 51, 模具轨道 50焊接在轨道拉钩 51上。 模具承压装置 46与模具轨道 50的中段 连接, 对模具以及模具轨道 50具有压力缓冲并起到保护的作用。 模具承压板 53设置在操作 平台上,起到承压模具的作用, 其底部设有模具承压板固定三角架 52,用于固定模具承压板。
在操作平台 47的下部设有底部固定三角架 48, 操作平台 47通过固定三角架 48牢固的 固定在龙门支架站腿 41的下部,此外在操作平台下部还设有脱模器支架 49和槽型接灰斗 55。
下面结合附图, 详细介绍本发明的第一实施例的纯静压式制砖机的整个工作过程如下: 首先启动开关按钮 27, 打开砖机电机 37的讣关, 带动砖机油泵 38开始运转, 砖机油泵 38通过油管与换向阔 13连接, 通过操作手柄 14进行操作, 于此同时打开料斗 36, 把坯料放 进模具 17, 操纵换向阀 13, 经过油管, 进入送模器 18, 把模具 17送入压制位置, 操纵换向 阀 13, 将液压油通过油管 15输送给设置在模具压制顶 16上部的液压油顶, 控制模具压制顶 16进行压制操作, 然后开始静压, 压制完成后操纵换向阀 13, 经过连接送模器油管, 进入送 模器; 把模具 17移动到脱模位置, 操纵换向阀 13, 经过连接脱模器的油管, 进入脱模器 19 进行脱模。 此时完成了整个制砖的过程。
与此同时, 参照图 1的方向, 机械手初始位置在脱模器的右侧, 通过启动开关按钮 27启 动机械手电机 29, 带动机械手油泵 30开始运转, 点击控制按钮 12通过电控箱 35, 控制电磁 阀 28, 通过高压油管 9进入液压马达 11, 液压马达 11通过链条 6传动滑动支架 7并带动机 械手 30动作, 开始向左方运转, 通过左行程开关 31控制定位到脱模器的上方; 然后, 点击 控制按钮 12通过电控箱 35控制电磁阀 28通过高压油管 9传到升降油顶 8, 控制机械手下降 至脱模器 19的上方, 由下行程开关 33定位, 同时点击控制按钮 12通过电控箱 35控制电磁 阀 28通过高压油管 9传到夹力油顶 2进行夹砖操作。 夹砖后, 点击控制按钮 12通过电控箱 35, 控制电磁阀 28通过髙压油管 9进入升降油顶 8, 机械于 - 30开始向上滑动, 由上行程开 关 34进行定位, 紧接着点击按钮 12通过电控箱 35, 控制电磁换向阀 28, 通过高压油管 9进 入液压马达 11, 液压马达 11通过链条 6传动滑动支架 7并带动机械手 30动作, 机械手 30 幵始向右方运转, 通过右行程幵关 32控制定位到码垛平台 20的上方。 最后, 点击控制按钮 12通过电控箱 35, 控制电磁阀 28通过高压油管 9进入升降油顶 8开始下降至码垛平台 20, 由下行程开关 33进行定位; 点击按钮 12通过电控箱 35控制电磁阀 28, 液压油经过高压油 管 9进入夹力油顶 2, 进行放砖操作。 至此, 一个完整的夹转放砖的工艺流程完成。
实施例二
接下来参照附图 5, 说明本发明的第二实施例。 与第一实施例不同的仅仅在于, 砖机采 用了震动成型制砖机, 其同样采用了带有链条驱动的夹砖机械手, 其中夹砖机械手的滑动轨 道 10安装在震动成型制砖机的液压平台架的顶部的滑动轨道安装部(图中未示, 可在液压平 台架顶部向左侧方向延伸而成,具体的操作方向根据安装位置而定)。因此,在第二实施例中, 仅仅介绍震动成型制砖机的制砖的过程。
本发明的震动成型制砖机主要包括砖机动力系统、 砖机震动系统以及夹砖机械手。 其中 夹砖机械手的结构和使用方式与第一实施例完全相同。
砖机动力系统包括电控柜 105、电机油泵组 102、各个控制液压油管、各个控制液压油顶、 下承压震动制品成型移动平台 110、模具压头 108、模具模套 109组成: 砖机震动系统包括料 斗 122、 送料器 113、 送料器手臂 123、 送料器支架 114、 拨料器 1 15、 拨料液压马达 116、 底 部震动电机 112、 震动箱 111 以及震动器 106组成; 此外, 还包括移动系统, 其主要由驱动 装置 1 19, 驱动轮 1 18以及转向轮 117组成。
各个控制液压油管包括拨料液压马达液压油管 127、 下承压震动制品成型移动平台运动 控制油管 129、 转向控制液压油管 131、 模具压头液压油管 134、 模具模套液压油管 135以及 送料器控制油管 136; 各个控制液压油顶包括转向控制液压油顶 120、 料斗门幵关液压油顶 121、 送料器运动控制油顶 125、 料斗门控制液压油顶 128、 下承压震动制品成型移动平台运 动控制油顶 130、 模具压头升降油顶 132以及模具模套升降油顶 133。
下面对照附图 5, 进一步详细说明本发明的震动成型制砖机的制砖的工作过程。
按下电控柜 105的油泵幵按钮, 控制电机油泵组 102的油泵幵启, 向下扳动电控柜 105 的送垫板旋钮, 油泵中的液压油进入下承压震动制品成型移动平台运动控制油管 129, 并通 过控制下承压震动制品成型移动平台运动控制油顶 130把下承压震动制品成型移动平台 110 送到指定位置。
向下扳动电控柜 105的模套旋钮, 控制电机油泵组 102的油泵中的液压油进入模具模套 液压油管 135, 控制模具模套升降油顶 133, 把模具模套 109送到下承压震动制品成型移动平 台 110上。
向下扳动电控柜 105的送料旋钮, 控制电机油泵组 102的油泵中的液压油进入送料器控 制油管 136, 控制送料器运动控制油顶 125, 并带动送料器手臂 123, 将送料器 113送到料斗 122的底部。
向下扳动电控柜 105的料斗门旋钮, 控制电机油泵组 102的油泵中的液压油进入料斗门 控制液压油管 128, 控制料斗门油顶 121, 打开料斗门把料放入送料器 113内。 当送料器 113 中的料放满后, 再次按下电控柜 105的料斗门旋钮, 控制电机油泵组 102的油泵中的液压油 进入料斗门控制液压油管 128, 控制料斗门油顶 121, 关闭料斗门。
向下扳动电控柜 105的送料旋钮,控制电机油泵组 102的油泵中的液压油进入送料器控 制油管 136, 控制送料器运动控制油顶 125, 并带动送料器手臂 123, 将送料器 113送到模具 模套 109上。
按下电控柜 105的下震按钮,控制底部震动电机 1 12启动,并以此控制震动箱 1 1 1震动。 向下扳动电控柜 105的拨料旋钮,控制电机油泵组 102的油泵中的液压油进入拨料液压 马达液压油管 127, 控制拨料液压马达 116, 并控制拨料器 115进行拨料。拨料 3- 4秒之后按 下电控柜 105的震动停按钮, 关闭底部震动电机 112, 控制震动箱 111停止震动。 按下电控 柜的拨料停按钮控制电机油泵组 102的油泵中的液压油进入拨料液压马达液压油管 127, 控 制拨料液压马达 1 16, 并控制拨料器 1 15停止拨料。
向下扳动电控柜 105的压头旋钮, 控制电机油泵组 102的油泵中的液压油进入模具压头 液压油管 134, 控制模具压头升降油顶 132, 并以此控制模具压头 108压制到位。 同时, 按下 电控柜 105的上震按钮启动震动器 106, 并以此控制模具压头 108震动。 于此同时按下电控 柜 105的下震按钮启动底部震动电机 1 12, 控制震动箱 11 1震动。 经过 3-4秒后按下电控柜 105的震动停按钮, 关闭震动器 106和底部震动电机 1 12, 控制模具压头 108和震动箱 111停 止震动。
向上扳动电控柜 105的送垫板旋钮, 控制电机油泵组 102的油泵中的液压油进入下承压 震动制品成型移动平台运动控制油管 129, 控制下承压震动制品成型移动平台运动控制油顶 130把下承压震动制品成型移动平台 1 10退到指定位置。
同时向下扳动电控柜 105的模套和压头旋钮, 控制电机油泵组 102的油泵中的液压油同 时进入模具压头液压油管 134和模具模套液压油管 135, 同时控制模具压头 108和模具模套 109向下运动直到模具模套 109的下面与地面相接触。
向上扳动电控柜 105模套旋钮, 控制电机油泵组 102的油泵中的液压油进入模具模套液 压油管 135控制模具模套升降油顶 133上升到位。 同时向上扳动电控柜 105的压头和模套旋 钮, 控制电机油泵组 102的油泵中的液压油同时进入模具压头液压油管 134和模具模套液压 油管 135, 同时控制模具压头 108和模具模套 109向上移动到位。 至此, 震动成型制砖机的 制砖过程完成。 而按下扳动电控柜 105的行走旋钮, 控制驱动装置 119, 控制驱动轮 118前 进 3秒后自动停止, 还可以控制转向轮 117进行转动, 能够控制砖机的移动。 本发明的通过链条驱动的机械手,通过液压马达带动链条带动机械手在滑动轨道内运动, 使得机械手的运动成为了有轨运动, 大大提高了机械手的工作精度。 此外, 机械手的运动更 易于得到控制。
本发明的这一套机械手与静压制砖机配套使用, 将出现在同步脱模器上的一批成型砖坯 同时移动到砖坯码垛平台上; 这一套机械手与震动成型制砖机相配套使用, 将下承压震动制 品成型移动平台上的一批成型砖坯同时移动到砖坯码垛平台上; 整套运送动作与主机配合由 主控箱控制, 能够自动完成, 从而大大提高了制砖机的自动化。
上述虽然结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式进行了描述, 但并非对本发明保护范围的限 制, 所属领域技术人员应该明白, 在本发明的技术方案的基础上, 本领域技术人员不需要付 出创造性劳动即可做出的各种修改或变形仍在本发明的保护范围以内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1.一种具有链条驱动的夹砖机械手, 其滑动设置在机械手安装支架上, 所述夹砖机械手 包括动力系统、 控制系统和夹砖系统, 所述动力系统包括机械手电机、 机械手油泵、 电磁阀、 高压油管以及液压马达; 所述控制系统包括控制按钮和夹力油顶; 所述夹砖系统包括相对设 置的数块夹板, 与夹力油顶相连的夹力支臂, 夹力支臂与穿过夹板的夹力导向柱相连; 其特 征在于, 所述液压马达通过链条带动夹砖机械手滑动运动。
2.根据权利要求 1所述的具有链条驱动的夹砖机械手, 其特征在亍, 所述机械手安装支 架包括滑动轨道和滑动支架, 所述链条通过齿轮安装在滑动轨道上, 所述机械手滑动安装在 滑动支架上, 所述滑动支架可在滑动轨道上左右滑动, 所述液压马达通过链条传动滑动支架 并带动机械手滑动运动。
3.根据权利要求 2所述的具有链条驱动的夹砖机械手, 其特征在于, 所述滑动支架还包 括导向杆, 所述夹砖系统还包括能够在导向杆上滑动的导向套; 所述控制系统还包括升降油 顶, 所述升降油顶控制机械手在所述导向杆上滑动: 所述夹板内侧设置有夹力弹垫。
4.一种纯静压式制砖机, 其特征在于, 所述制砖机包括砖机动力系统和砖机静压系统以 及具有权利要求 1-3任一项所述的具有链条驱动的夹砖机械手, 所述砖机动力系统包括砖机 电机、 砖机油泵以及油管; 所述砖机静压系统包括机架、 多功能液压平台架、 模具压制顶、 模具、 操作手柄、 换向阀、 送模器、 脱模器以及设置在模具压制顶上部的料斗; 所述砖机电 机带动砖机油泵运转, 砖机油泵通过油管与换向阔连接, 换向阀通过油管支配模具压制顶、 送模器和脱模器进行工作。
5.根据权利要求 4所述的纯静压式制砖机, 其特征在于, 所述机械手安装支架上设有控 制机械手行程的左、 右行程开关以及上、 下行程开关。
6.根据权利要求 4所述的纯静压式制砖机, 其特征在于, 所述多功能液压平台架, 包括 龙门支架、 操作平台以及模具安装装置; 所述龙门支架包括龙门支架站腿, 固定在龙门支架 顶部的承压上墩子面板, 固定在承压上墩子面板上部的滑动轨道安装部, 以承接具有链条驱 动的夹砖机械手的滑动轨道, 还包括固定在承压上墩子面板下部的油顶固定平板, 液压油顶 通过油顶固定平板平行的固定在承压上墩子面板上, 油顶固定平板通过油顶固定架固定在龙 门支架站腿上; 所述操作平台上设有手柄操作孔, 在操作平台中间设有模具安装装置, 其中 模具安装装置包括模具轨道、 轨道拉钩、 模具承压板、 模具承压装置和模具承压板固定三角 架; 其中模具轨道是模具运行的轨道, 一共有前、 中、 后三段组成; 在操作平台上还固定设 置有轨道拉钩, 模具轨道焊接在轨道拉钩上; 所述模具承压装置与模具轨道的中段连接; 所 述模具承压板设置在操作平台上, 其底部设有模具承压板固定三角架, 用于固定模具承压板; 所述操作平台的下部还设有底部固定三角架, 所述操作平台通过固定三角架牢固的固定在龙 门支架站腿的下部, 在操作平台下部还设有脱模器支架和槽型接灰斗。
7. 一种震动成型制砖机, 其特征在于, 所述震动成型制砖机包括砖机动力系统和砖机震 动系统以及包括权利要求 1-3任一项所述的具有链条驱动的夹砖机械手; 所述砖机动力系统 包括电控柜、 电机油泵组、 各个控制液压油管、 各个控制液压油顶、 下承压震动制品成型移 动平台、 模具压头、 模具模套组成; 所述砖机震动系统包括料斗、 送料器、 送料器手臂、 送 料器支架、 拨料器、 拨料液压马达、 底部震动电机、 震动箱以及震动器。
8.根据权利要求 7所述的震动成型制砖机, 其特征在于, 所述各个控制液压油管包括拨 料液压马达液压油管、 下承压震动制品成型移动平台运动控制油管、 转向控制液压油管、 模 具压头液压油管、 模具模套液压油管以及送料器控制油管; 所述各个控制液压油顶包括转向 控制液压油顶、 料斗门开关液压油顶、 送料器运动控制油顶、 料斗门控制液压油顶、 下承压 震动制品成型移动平台运动控制油顶、 模具压头升降油顶以及模具模套升降油顶。
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