WO2014010851A1 - 전극상에 도전체 돌출부를 갖는 유전체장벽 방전 방식의 플라즈마 발생 전극 구조체 - Google Patents
전극상에 도전체 돌출부를 갖는 유전체장벽 방전 방식의 플라즈마 발생 전극 구조체 Download PDFInfo
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Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J1/00—Details of electrodes, of magnetic control means, of screens, or of the mounting or spacing thereof, common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
- H01J1/88—Mounting, supporting, spacing, or insulating of electrodes or of electrode assemblies
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/02—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using physical phenomena
- A61L2/14—Plasma, i.e. ionised gases
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
- A61L9/16—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using physical phenomena
- A61L9/22—Ionisation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/32—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group B01D61/00
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J1/00—Details of electrodes, of magnetic control means, of screens, or of the mounting or spacing thereof, common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
- H01J1/02—Main electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T19/00—Devices providing for corona discharge
- H01T19/04—Devices providing for corona discharge having pointed electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T23/00—Apparatus for generating ions to be introduced into non-enclosed gases, e.g. into the atmosphere
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/2406—Generating plasma using dielectric barrier discharges, i.e. with a dielectric interposed between the electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/26—Plasma torches
- H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
- H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/2406—Generating plasma using dielectric barrier discharges, i.e. with a dielectric interposed between the electrodes
- H05H1/2437—Multilayer systems
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a plasma electrode structure applied to an air cleaning system, and more particularly, by generating a plasma in a gaseous fluid such as air, electrons, ions and ultraviolet rays generated at this time reacts with bacteria and odor molecules and harmful gases
- the present invention relates to a plasma generation electrode structure of a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) method for purifying air present in an interior of an air conditioner, a refrigerator, a washing machine, a vehicle, and the like.
- DBD dielectric barrier discharge
- Such techniques include filter type, electrostatic precipitating type, plasma type, UV / photocatalyst type, and hybrid type of various types.
- the air cleaning method using plasma is known to have a great effect in removing contaminants.
- the electrons and radicals generated through the plasma discharge phenomenon remove most of harmful gases such as VOCs (Volatile Organic Compounds), NOx, CFCs with high oxidative power, and have an excellent effect on sterilization. It combines with fine dust and binds them together by electric force, converting them into a form that is easy to remove.
- This plasma method can be divided into corona discharge and dielectric barrier discharge.
- the corona consists of a pointed cathode and a flat counter electrode.
- a negative high pressure is applied to the cathode, electrons emitted from the electrode collide with the particles to generate cations, which are accelerated to the cathode due to electrical attraction and collide with the cathode to release high energy secondary electrons. These high energy electrons and heavy particles cause inelastic collisions to produce chemically reactive species.
- 1 is an electrode structure type of corona discharge, (a) is a single needle (b) is a multi-needle type.
- the corona electrode has a simple structure and a simple structure, which is inexpensive. However, a large amount of ozone is generated during discharge and its life is long, which is harmful to the human body. The amount of production is small, so the sterilization effect is weak.
- the treatment area since the plasma volume is very small, the treatment area must be limited to a small area, so there is a method in which the number of cathodes is increased to increase the treatment area, but in this case, the micro arc (streamer) in a direction perpendicular to the electrode gap is also used. And these streamers are usually concentrated in the same place, resulting in localized treatment effects.
- Dielectric barriers are widely used in industry because they can generate high output discharges at atmospheric pressure and do not require complex pulsed power supplies.
- dielectric barriers are widely used for ozone generation, CO2 lasers, ultraviolet light sources, pollutant treatment, and the like.
- a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) device is composed of two parallel metal electrodes. At least one of the electrodes is covered with a dielectric layer.
- a current cannot flow through the electrode, thereby generating plasma using AC power.
- the spacing between electrodes is limited to a few millimeters for stable plasma generation and plasma gas flows between these spacings.
- Such dielectric barrier discharges are sometimes referred to as quiet discharges because there are no local wave or noise discharges.
- the discharge is ignited by a sine function or pulsed power supply.
- the discharge is in the form of a filament or glow.
- the filamentary discharge is produced by a micro discharge or streamer that develops on the surface of the dielectric layer.
- the role of the dielectric layer is to enable the operation in the continuous pulse mode by blocking the inversion current and avoiding the transition to the arc, and electrons are accumulated on the dielectric surface to randomly distribute the streamer on the surface to produce a uniform discharge. To induce.
- the dielectric barrier discharge (DBD: Dielectic Barrier Discharge) has a number of variations as follows.
- a typical dielectric barrier electrode structure in which an insulating material such as glass is sandwiched between one or both electrodes between parallel electrodes with a distance of several mm, and when an alternating voltage is applied, a small discharge in pulse phase is not generated without causing a glow discharge. It happens a lot. This is called a silent discharge, and is widely applied in industrial fields such as removing harmful gases due to generation of active ions.
- Fig. 4A is a plate dielectric barrier electrode structure.
- the electric field applied to the surface is uniform, so that the charges are statistically specified in a non-uniformly deposited dielectric with a specific distribution shape, which induces streamer discharges rather than glow discharges, thereby reducing the amount of ultraviolet rays generated. There is a tendency.
- FIG. 4 (b) is a mesh DBD structure that is a variation of the plate DBD.
- This method uses a mesh electrode rather than a normal plate electrode, as well as the electric field enhancement inside the reactor, as well as the streamer discharge through the geometry of the mesh electrode, the concentration of electrons in the plasma is inherent to the mesh. Due to its uniform distribution, it is a structure that can generate multi-glow discharge with excellent plasma uniformity and efficiency. As a result, compared with the conventional corona discharge and the general DBD discharge, the plasma generates an excellent amount of ultraviolet generation, active species such as OH radicals and O (atomic oxygen).
- this publication proposes a method for forming a through-hole penetrating the electrode.
- a through hole is not unique in this publication but is a method widely used to avoid back pressure by the method introduced in the literature.
- the method of forming the gap between the two electrodes used in this publication is a macroscopic unit of mm or more due to the structural design of the mechanism, which belongs to the general method, not the microgap method, and this method requires a high voltage applied voltage.
- micro gap discharge shows another modified electrode structure called micro gap discharge. It is a method of generating plasma strongly using a very small discharge gap of about tens to hundreds of micrometers between electrodes. This method generates a lot of noise and a large amount of ozone during the streamer discharge, so the applied voltage must be adjusted so that the streamer is not generated.
- the probability of contact between air and active species in the plasma section is much higher than that of other structures, resulting in the generation of more effective species for air cleaning and sterilization, resulting in better sterilization effect, less noise, and less ozone generation than mesh DBD discharge. Less.
- the invention disclosed in Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2006-0017191 may be mentioned.
- this method has a complicated structure because it is necessary to form a fine gap between the electrodes, and until now to implement the gap, there is a method of supporting the structure with an insulator from the outside of the metal electrode.
- a through hole is used in the electrode to smooth the fluid flow, and a method of inserting an insulator spacer between the electrodes to form a gap between the electrodes. I use it.
- a spacer which is a ceramic insulator
- a dielectric layer must be formed on the electrode, a pattern for the insulating spacer must be formed thereon, and the insulator layer must be formed again. Since there is a great difficulty in the height control, there is a problem of significantly increasing the manufacturing cost.
- Underwater discharge forms micro bubbles in water and contains bacteria with high sterilizing power such as hydroxyl (OH), active oxygen (O-, O2, O3) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in water by plasma action. And it can be used to remove the virus, the applications are food processing, food industry, animal husbandry or hospital, such as household appliances such as washing machines, air conditioners, air purifiers and humidifiers and sterilization sterilization water.
- the method of generating bubbles of active oxygen and ozone through the underwater discharge is based on the bubble mechanism theory, and the plasma electrode is placed in the water and discharged to fine bubbles generated by vaporization of water by discharge heat or the like or injected from the outside. It causes phenomena to generate radicals, such as hydroxyl groups, active oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. These radicals oxidize heavy metals in the water and also kill bacteria and viruses in the water.
- the plasma electrode used in the underwater discharge is mainly used as the dielectric barrier electrode, which is basically out of the above-mentioned plasma electrode type.
- the invention disclosed in Korean Patent Registration No. 10-0924649 and Korean Patent Publication No. 2009-009675 may be mentioned.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and not only has stability of plasma but also has a large amount of active ions, excellent sterilizing power, low ozone generation, low power consumption, and economical dielectric barrier. It is an object of the present invention to provide a discharge type plasma generating electrode structure.
- At least one conductor electrode protrusion formed on one surface of at least one of the upper and lower conductor electrodes inwardly facing the upper and lower conductor electrodes;
- the present invention relates to an electrode structure for generating a plasma by applying a pulse or alternating current power to the upper conductor electrode and the lower conductor electrode.
- At least one upper conductor electrode protrusion formed on at least one surface of the upper conductor electrode and the inner conductor electrode inwardly facing the upper conductor electrode and the inner conductor electrode;
- At least one lower conductor electrode protrusion formed on at least one surface of the lower conductor electrode and the inner conductor electrode inwardly facing the lower conductor electrode and the inner conductor electrode;
- An upper dielectric layer formed to have a substantially uniform thickness on at least one surface of at least one of the upper conductor electrode and the inner conductor electrode inwardly facing the upper conductor electrode and the inner conductor electrode;
- a lower dielectric layer formed to have a substantially uniform thickness on at least one surface of the lower conductor electrode and the inner conductor electrode inwardly facing the lower conductor electrode and the inner conductor electrode;
- one of the upper conductor electrode and the inner conductor electrode is formed between the upper dielectric layer or between the upper dielectric layers. Predetermined interval d1;
- the lower conductor electrode When the lower conductor electrode is in close contact with the inner conductor electrode, due to the protruding effect of the lower conductor electrode protrusion, the lower conductor electrode is formed between one of the lower conductor electrode and the inner conductor electrode and the lower dielectric layer or between the lower dielectric layers.
- Plasma is simultaneously generated between the predetermined interval d1 and the predetermined interval d2 by applying a pulse or alternating current power with the upper conductor electrode and the lower conductor electrode as one pole and the inner conductor electrode as the corresponding electrode. It relates to an electrode structure to be generated.
- the inner conductor electrode is separated into two layers of an inner conductor electrode (upper part) and an inner conductor electrode (lower part), and at least one separation surface conductor electrode on at least one surface of both surfaces of the newly formed inner conductor electrode separation surface. Protrusions can be formed.
- the predetermined gap is separated between the separation surfaces due to the effect of the separation conductor electrode protrusion on the separation surface of the inner conductor electrode.
- the plasma may be additionally generated at the predetermined interval d3 between the separated inner conductor electrode (upper) and inner conductor electrode (lower).
- the pulse or alternating current power source may be a pulse or alternating current power source having a pulse width of 100 mV or less and a voltage of 1000 V or less.
- the discharge current is 20 mA at the predetermined interval d.
- the following plasma can be generated.
- the height of the conductive electrode protrusion may be formed to a height of less than 1000 ⁇ m.
- the conductive electrode protrusion is characterized in that it has a shape of any one of a circle, a square, a polygon, an ellipse, a star and a combination thereof, the method of forming the press, etching, welding, metal spacer (spacer), It may be formed by one or more methods selected from metal forming.
- At least one of the upper conductor electrode, the lower conductor electrode, and the inner conductor electrode may have a grid shape.
- a through hole may be formed in at least one selected from the upper conductor electrode, the lower conductor electrode, the inner conductor electrode, and the dielectric layer, and the through hole may be circular, square, elliptical, polygonal, star, or other shape. And any combination thereof.
- the dielectric layer may be formed by any one of a spray (spray), plasma spray, coating, deposition and screen printing process, and a combination thereof.
- each of the dielectric layers may be at least one layer, and each of the dielectric layers may be made of the same material or different materials.
- At least one selected from among the upper conductor electrode, the lower conductor electrode, the inner conductor electrode surface, and the dielectric layer may be selected from a protective coating layer, another dielectric layer, and a special functional layer (ozone removal function layer, odor removal function layer, and insulator layer). One or more may be further formed.
- the insulator layer which is any one of ceramic, glass, polymer material, and a combination thereof, may be filled in the predetermined intervals d, d1, d2, and d3.
- the electrode structures may be arranged in two or more spaced apart in series, insulated between the structures to be in close contact with each other, or may be made of two or more stacked in alternating electrical polarity, in parallel Can be enlarged array.
- Plasma electrode structure according to the invention of the above-described structure is low noise, excellent in plasma efficiency, and many active species are generated not only is the structure life way low back pressure of the air excellent in power consumption if the structure, the purification of air, sterilization Of course, it is possible to fundamentally remove the smell of air conditioning.
- the plasma electrode structure can be configured in various ways according to the characteristics of the required application, most of the limitations of the electrode design according to the existing plasma electrode structure can be solved, which is very advantageous for miniaturization.
- the electrode structure of the present invention is not limited to the field of air cleaning, but can be easily applied to other gaseous fluids and liquid phases, such as water, and in the case of water, microbubbles in water are ionized by plasma, which is the same principle as air clean principle. By sterilizing and purifying water, it can be easily applied to various applications other than air.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the electrode structure type of a typical corona discharge.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a typical Volume DBD electrode structure, which shows (a) a plate-shaped DBD, (b) a mesh DBD, and (c) a micro-gap DBD.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a plasma generating region in a conventional volume DBD electrode structure.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a plasma dielectric barrier electrode structure and a plasma generating region according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a plasma dielectric barrier electrode structure and a plasma generating region according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a plasma dielectric barrier electrode structure and a plasma generating region according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a plasma dielectric barrier electrode structure and a plasma generating region according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating various types of through-hole patterns of the plasma electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a plasma electrode structure and a plasma generating region according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a view showing a fluid clean reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is an exemplary diagram of a plasma DBD electrode configuration according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the performance of the plasma electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b) There are various dielectric barrier plasma electrodes to date, but all of them have a common structure, as illustrated in FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b), in which the electrode and the dielectric layer are formed in parallel with each other in a plate shape. It is a structure that appears in parallel and flows parallel to the electrode arrangement. Some electrodes also have a plate-shaped cylinder, but the results are the same. In the case of the micro-gap method, a complicated design is required to maintain the micro-unit spacing between the electrodes, and the flow passage interval is small, so that the back pressure to the fluid flow is generated and the noise is large, and sometimes through holes are used to solve this problem. do.
- the present invention adopts a highly efficient micro gap method, and is a plate-shaped metal electrode that is a conductor so that the height of the gap can be easily and economically simple for maintaining the gap between electrodes, which is the core of the micro gap method.
- Protruding portions are formed directly on the dielectric layer, and a dielectric layer is formed thereon with a uniform thickness, and a pair of electrodes are closely attached to each other to provide an electrode structure that is easy to form and maintain gaps between the electrodes.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a dielectric barrier electrode structure and a plasma generating region according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the dielectric barrier plasma electrode structure 100 of the present invention includes an upper conductor electrode 110 ′ and a lower conductor electrode 110; At least one conductor electrode protrusion 115 formed on at least one surface of the upper conductor electrode and the lower conductor electrode inwardly facing the upper conductor electrode 110 ′ and the lower conductor electrode 110; And a dielectric layer 130 having a substantially uniform thickness on at least one surface of the upper conductor electrode and the lower conductor electrode inwardly facing the upper conductor electrode 110 ′ and the lower conductor electrode 110. do.
- the electrode structure 100 of the present invention when the upper conductor electrode 110 ′ and the lower conductor electrode 110 are in close contact with each other, the upper and lower conductor electrodes 110 ′ and 110 due to the protruding effect of the conductor electrode protrusion 115.
- a predetermined distance d formed between the dielectric layers 130 facing each other or between the dielectric layers 130.
- a pulse or alternating current is applied to the upper conductor electrode 110 ′ and the lower conductor electrode 110 to form a plasma discharge 170 at the predetermined interval d, and the fluid activity generated by the plasma
- the fluid can be purified by feeding the species to the incoming fluid.
- the power applied to the upper conductor electrode 110 ′ and the lower conductor electrode 110 may have a pulse width of 100 mA or less, a voltage of 1000 V or less, and a current of the plasma discharge may be 20 mA or less. .
- the electrode protrusion 115 plays an important role in forming the predetermined distance d. Specifically, when the upper conductor electrode 110 ′ and the lower conductor electrode 110 are in close contact with each other, the conductor Due to the protruding effect of the electrode protrusion 115, a spacer forming a predetermined gap d formed between the dielectric layers 130 facing one of the upper and lower conductive electrodes 110 ′ and 110 or between the dielectric layers 130. It acts as a (spacer). In other words, due to the effect of the electrode protrusion 115, between the upper conductor electrode 110 ′ and the dielectric layer 130 formed on the lower conductor electrode, the lower conductor electrode 110 and the upper conductor electrode 110 ′.
- the plasma 170 may be effectively formed at the interval d by forming a.
- the height of the conductive electrode protrusion 115 is an area of 1000 ⁇ m or less used in the micro-gap method, and the number of the electrode protrusions 115 may be freely adjusted within the range in which the distance between the electrodes is maintained.
- the position of the electrode protrusion 115 may be formed on the upper conductor electrode 110 ′, the lower conductor electrode 110, or both conductor electrodes. In addition, by varying the height of the conductive electrode protrusion 115 according to the position, the distance between the upper conductor electrode 110 ′ and the lower conductor electrode 110 may vary depending on the position.
- the conductor electrode protrusion is a conductor
- the conductor electrode protrusion and the dielectric layer are structurally contacted, and thus, charges accumulated on the surface of the dielectric may rapidly move to the conductor electrode, thereby causing leakage of electric current.
- the structural protrusions may cause cracks, dielectric breakdown, and the like, but the present invention has not been attempted.
- the present invention utilizes conductor protrusions to minimize the contact area between the conductor and the dielectric layer, and at the same time reduce the thickness of the dielectric layer. The function of the plasma electrode could be effectively realized through uniform control and pressure adjustment during electrode contact.
- the conductive electrode protrusion 115 may have a shape of any one of a circle, a rectangle, an ellipse, a polygon, a star, and a combination thereof.
- the conductor electrode protrusion 115 may be formed by pressing a conductor electrode substrate at a predetermined height by a press method or by adding another metal.
- the conductive electrode protrusion 115 may be formed by pressing, etching, welding, adding a metal spacer, metal forming, and a combination thereof.
- the upper conductor electrode 110 'and the lower conductor electrode 110 may be concave or convex, depending on the characteristics required, but usually round, square, oval, other shape flat plate.
- at least one of the upper conductor electrode 110 ′ and the lower conductor electrode 110 may have a lattice shape or a net shape to enhance its function.
- the through hole 150 may be formed in at least one selected from the upper conductor electrode 110 ′, the lower conductor electrode 110, and the dielectric layer 130. have. That is, at least one through hole may be formed in the plate-shaped electrode structure to allow fluid to move through the through hole.
- the application of through holes is a popular technique for reducing back pressure on fluid flow.
- the shape of the through-hole 150 may form any one of a circle, a square, a star, other shapes and combinations thereof, as shown in Figure 10, the size of the hole, the type of shape, or You can change the pattern by combining different types together.
- the dielectric layer 130 is based on a material such as ceramic, quartz, and glass having both electrical insulation and dielectric properties.
- the thickness of the dielectric layer 130 is, for example, several micrometers to several mm, and an area thereof may be arbitrarily set according to the processing capacity. Bars can be, for example, several mm 2 to several hundred cm 2 .
- the dielectric layer 130 may be formed by spraying, spraying, spraying, applying, depositing, screen printing, bonding, or a combination thereof.
- the dielectric layer 130 may be formed of a mixture of two or more dielectric compositions, and may be formed of one or more layers.
- the material when forming one or more dielectric layers, the material may be the same for each dielectric layer, it may be different.
- the characteristics of the plasma formed by changing the number, total thickness and material of the dielectric layer 130 may be changed, and the electrode properties may be enhanced by changing the material of each dielectric layer for each layer.
- One or more selected layers of the insulator layer may be further formed to enhance functionality. Application of this method enables the realization of several complex functions in miniaturized plasma electrodes.
- the predetermined interval d is a space in which fluid (air, water, etc.) moves, or if necessary, an insulator of ceramic, glass, or polymer material other than the fluid may be filled in the predetermined interval d. have.
- the insulator is filled and there is a through hole in the conductor electrode or a grid is applied to the conductor electrode, plasma is generated at the side surface of the through hole and the side surface of the lattice, respectively.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a dielectric barrier electrode structure and a plasma generating region according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- the dielectric layer is formed to have a uniform thickness over the protrusion of the conductor electrode, resulting in a predetermined distance d between the upper dielectric layer 230 ′ and the lower dielectric layer 230. This is formed.
- the electrode structure is shown in three dimensions with respect to the case where the penetration hole is introduced.
- the dielectric layer protrusion 235 is formed corresponding to the formation of the electrode protrusion 315 to maintain the gap d between the dielectric layers.
- the material of the dielectric layer protrusion 235 is the same as that of the dielectric layers 230 and 230 ′.
- One side of the dielectric layers 230 ′ and 230 may be omitted, and in particular, when the dielectric layer 230 is omitted, the same as in FIG. 6.
- the thickness of the dielectric layers 230 and 230 ' should be sufficient to withstand the applied voltage, and the thickness will vary depending on the material.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a dielectric barrier electrode structure and a plasma generating region according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- the electrode structure 300 of the present invention includes an upper conductor electrode 310 ′, a lower conductor electrode 310, and an inner conductor electrode 340.
- the lower conductor electrode 310 and the inner conductor electrode 340 may include at least one lower conductor electrode protrusion 315 formed on at least one surface of the lower conductor electrode and the inner conductor electrode.
- the electrode structure 300 of the present invention has a substantially uniform thickness on at least one surface of the upper conductor electrode and the inner conductor electrode inwardly facing the upper conductor electrode 310 ′ and the inner conductor electrode 340.
- the upper dielectric layer 330 ′ formed on the inner side of the lower conductor electrode 310 and the inner conductor electrode 340 may be substantially uniform on at least one surface of the lower conductor electrode and the inner conductor electrode.
- the upper conductor electrode 310 ′ and the inner conductor electrode 340 when the upper conductor electrode 310 ′ and the inner conductor electrode 340 are in close contact with each other, due to the protruding effect of the upper conductor electrode protrusion 315 ′, the upper conductor It has a predetermined distance d1 formed between one of an electrode and one of the inner conductor electrodes and the upper dielectric layer 330 'or between the upper dielectric layer 330'.
- the inner conductor electrode 340 between the upper conductor electrode 310' and the upper dielectric layer 330 'formed on the inner conductor electrode 340.
- a predetermined interval d1 may be formed between the and the 330 '.
- one of the lower conductor electrode and the inner conductor electrode and the lower dielectric layer 330 may be caused by the protruding effect of the lower conductor electrode protrusion 315. And a predetermined distance d2 formed between the bottom dielectric layers 330 or between the lower dielectric layers 330. That is, due to the effect of the lower conductor electrode protrusion 315, between the lower conductor electrode 310 and the lower dielectric layer 330 formed on the inner conductor electrode 340, the inner conductor electrode 340 and the lower portion.
- the predetermined interval d2 can be formed between the and.
- a predetermined interval d1 is applied to the upper end of the electrode by applying a pulse or alternating current power by using the upper conductor electrode 310 'and the lower conductor electrode 310 as one pole and the inner conductor electrode 340 as the corresponding electrode.
- a plasma discharge may be formed between the electrode lower end portion (d2) and the fluid active species generated by the plasma may be supplied to the inflowing fluid.
- the upper and lower conductor electrodes 310 ′ and 310 may be lattice-shaped conductor electrodes, and the inner conductor electrodes may be through-hole shaped.
- the plasma since the plasma is generated in the open space as shown in FIG. 8, the flow of the fluid can be arranged in all directions irrespective of the direction of the plate-shaped electrode, so that the resistance to fluid flow can be greatly improved.
- the plasma 370 since the plasma 370 is generated at both upper and lower ends of the structure 300, the efficiency is doubled.
- the upper and lower conductive electrodes 310 'and 310 and the inner conductor electrodes 340 having the dielectric layers 330 and 330' are spaced apart by a predetermined distance d. Due to the presence of the electrode protrusions 315 and 315 'formed on the inner surface of the 310 and 310', there is a unique feature that the conductor electrode protrusion is in direct contact with the dielectric.
- the power of the pulse or alternating current can be a pulse width of 100 mA or less, a voltage of 1000 V or less, and the current of the plasma discharge is 20 mA It can be set as follows.
- the conductive electrode protrusions 315 and 315 'serve as spacers forming the gap d1 and the gap d2, and the gaps d1 and d2 may have the same size or may be different. .
- the height of the conductive electrode protrusions 315 and 315 ' is an area of 1000 ⁇ m or less used in the microgap method, and the number of the conductive electrode protrusions 315 and 315' can be freely adjusted within the range in which the distance between the electrodes is maintained. have. Positions of the conductive electrode protrusions 315 and 315 'may be formed on at least one surface of the upper conductor electrode, the lower conductor electrode, and the inner conductor electrode. In addition, the height of the conductor electrode derivation part may vary depending on the position so that the distance between the upper conductor electrode and the lower conductor electrode may vary depending on the position.
- the conductive electrode protrusions 315 and 315 ' may have a shape of any one of a circle, a rectangle, an ellipse, a polygon, a star, and a combination thereof.
- the conductive electrode protrusions 315 and 315 ' may be formed by pressing a conductor electrode substrate at a predetermined height by a press method or by adding another metal.
- the conductive electrode protrusions 315 and 315 ' may be formed by pressing, etching, welding, adding a spacer of metal material, metal forming, and a combination thereof.
- the upper conductor electrode 310 ', the lower conductor electrode 310, and the inner conductor electrode 340 are concave, round, square, elliptical, and other shapes of flat plates are generally required. It is also convex.
- at least one of the upper conductor electrode 310 ′, the lower conductor electrode 310, and the inner conductor electrode 340 may have a lattice shape or a net shape to enhance its function.
- the dielectric barrier electrode structure 300 of the present invention may be formed on at least one selected from among the upper conductor electrode 310 ', the lower conductor electrode 310, the inner conductor electrode 340, and the dielectric layers 330 and 330'.
- the through hole 350 may be formed. That is, at least one through hole may be formed in the plate-shaped electrode structure to allow fluid to move through the through hole.
- the application of through holes is a popular technique for reducing back pressure on fluid flow.
- the shape of the through-hole 350 may form any one of a circle, a square, a star, other shapes and combinations thereof, as shown in Figure 10, the size of the hole, type of shape, or You can change the pattern by combining different types together.
- the dielectric layers 330 and 330 ' are based on a material such as ceramic, quartz, and glass, which have both electrical insulation and dielectric properties.
- the thickness of the dielectric layers 330 and 330' may be arbitrarily set according to the processing capacity. For example, several mm 2 to several hundred cm 2 .
- the dielectric layers 330 and 330 ' may be formed by spraying, plasma spraying, coating, depositing, screen printing, bonding, or a combination thereof.
- the dielectric layers 330 and 330 ' may be made of a mixture of two or more dielectric compositions, and may be formed of one or more layers.
- the material when forming one or more dielectric layers, the material may be the same for each dielectric layer, it may be different.
- the protective coating layer another dielectric layer, a special functional layer (ozone removal functional layer, odor removal functional layer, at least one surface selected from the upper conductor electrode surface, lower conductor electrode surface, inner conductor electrode surface, dielectric layer surface)
- a special functional layer ozone removal functional layer, odor removal functional layer, at least one surface selected from the upper conductor electrode surface, lower conductor electrode surface, inner conductor electrode surface, dielectric layer surface
- One or more layers selected from the insulator layer may be further formed to enhance functionality. Application of this method enables the realization of several complex functions in miniaturized plasma electrodes.
- the predetermined intervals d1 and d2 are spaces in which fluids (air, water, etc.) move, and if necessary, ceramics, glass, and polymer materials other than fluids may be used in the predetermined intervals d1 and d2.
- Insulators may be filled. When the insulator is filled and there is a through hole in the conductor electrode or a grid is applied to the conductor electrode, plasma is generated at the side surface of the through hole and the side surface of the lattice, respectively. An example of such a case is shown in FIG. 11.
- Figure 9 shows a modified embodiment based on FIG.
- the inner conductor electrode 340 of FIG. 9 is further divided into two layers of the inner conductor electrode (top) and the inner conductor electrode (bottom), and is formed on at least one side of both sides of the newly formed inner conductor electrode separation surface.
- One or more separation planes A conductive electrode protrusion is formed and a dielectric layer is formed on at least one side of the separation surface.
- a predetermined gap d3 is formed again between the separation surfaces due to the effect of the separation surface conductor electrode protrusion on the separation surface of the internal conductor electrode, so that the upper conductor electrode and the internal conductor electrode ( The lower side) to one same pole, and the lower conductor electrode and the inner conductor electrode (upper) to one same pole, thereby additionally maintaining plasma at an additional predetermined distance d3 between the separated surfaces of the inner conductor electrode.
- the plasma is generated at three positions of the upper end, the middle, and the lower end of the electrode, as shown in FIG. 9, thereby further increasing plasma efficiency.
- the conductor electrode protrusions are not represented on the drawing, but the structure and formation method thereof are as described above, and all the holes described in FIGS. 6, 7, and 8 for through-holes, dielectric layer forming methods, and lattice-shaped conductor electrodes are described. The application and description apply equally to this embodiment.
- FIG. 12 is a view showing a fluid clean reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- a fluid clean reactor using cold plasma has a body that is at least larger than the plasma electrode area.
- a flow distributor having an inlet for introducing fluid into the body.
- the body includes one or more plasma electrode structures.
- the completed plasma electrode structure is placed perpendicular to the flow of fluid in the reactor body, as shown in FIG. 12, and the contacts other than the conducting terminals are insulated. According to the reaction process of the reactor configured as described above, when electric power is first applied to the reactor, electric discharge occurs at a predetermined interval between the upper electrode and the lower electrode, thereby generating plasma.
- the principles of the present invention are also applied to the electrode structure of the present invention to form a laminated structure by alternately changing the electrode by introducing a laminated structure that is applied in the battery field.
- a particle filter, an ultraviolet light reinforcing filter, and an ozone filter may be arranged in front and rear of the electrode structure.
- the electrode structure of the present invention may be formed by two or more are arranged at intervals in series, insulated between the structures and in close contact with each other, or stacked in two or more by alternating electrical polarities, Parallel arrays are also available to increase capacity.
- the fluid may be a gas such as air or a liquid such as water, and the electrode structure may be easily and efficiently generated when the above-described electrode structure is placed in water. Become applicable.
- the introduction of the conductor electrode protrusion as a method for forming the gap of the electrode appears to be a simple invention, but in this case, the method has not been attempted until now due to the structural contact between the conductor electrode protrusion and the dielectric layer and the possibility of electrical leakage and arc generation. to be. That is, the contact area between the structural protrusion and the dielectric should be designed based on the technical understanding of the plasma electrode structure, the dielectric should be uniformly formed over the protrusion, and the dielectric layer thickness may be determined by considering the electrical properties of the dielectric layer material. By design, the arc generation can be prevented.
- the through-hole shape and the grating (mesh) shape of the electrode structure are changed, deformation of the electric field may be induced to impart various characteristics to the plasma electrode. That is, if a pointed shape is given to the cross-sectional area of the through hole, electrons are concentrated in this area, so discharge is easily generated, so that plasma can be easily generated at a low voltage. In the case of a circular shape, an electric field is uniformly distributed to reduce concentration of voltage. Streamer discharge can be avoided, and a uniform glow discharge is produced. Therefore, the discharge form of the plasma can be easily designed. By mixing the pattern shape and size, it is possible to control the ratio of streamer discharge and glow discharge, active ion generation amount and UV generation amount, discharge start voltage and power consumption.
- an air cleaner module including a fluid inlet port, a plasma electrode, and a fluid outlet unit was used.
- the conducting electrode is made of stainless steel 403 and has a disk shape of 50mm in diameter and 1mm in thickness, and then using this press, five electrode projections and five projections at the center of the radius at an angle equal to the outer diameter of the diameter.
- 48 circular through-holes with a diameter of 3.6 mm were formed on the plate so as to distribute uniformly on the plate. This corresponds to an opening area of 25% of the total area.
- a dielectric layer was formed to a thickness of 70 ⁇ m on a metal disc by a conventional spraying (spray) process using alumina and barium titanate powder having a particle size of 1-2 ⁇ m as a dielectric composition and a polymer PVDF (Polyvinylidene fluoride) as a binder.
- alumina and barium titanate powder having a particle size of 1-2 ⁇ m as a dielectric composition
- a polymer PVDF Polyvinylidene fluoride
- an alternating current having a voltage of 1000 V and a frequency of 700 kHz was applied to the electrode structure, and the concentration of anion water and ozone generated through an ion counter and an ozone analyzer was measured at an air outlet.
- the UV generation density generated by using OES was measured, and E. coli smeared on agar medium was placed at a distance of 20 cm from the derivation unit and sterilized halo after 24 hours. Observation was performed to determine the bactericidal power.
- the amount of anion generation was 145,000 / cm3
- the concentration of ozone was 0.030 ppm or less
- the amount of ultraviolet rays was about 2800
- the bacteria were sterilized more than 99.9%.
- the electrical energy applied to the electrode that is, the number of negative ions generated as the pulse width is increased is shown in FIG. 13.
- the number of negative ions generated as the pulse width increases rapidly, and as the pulse width approaches 100 ⁇ s, it can be seen that the number of negative ions approaches 1 million units per cubic centimeter.
- the amount of ultraviolet rays generated was about 300, only about 10% compared to the present invention, and the amount of anions generated was 1450 / cm 3 , and the sterilization effect was after 72 hours. It was insignificant.
- the voltage was applied more than 2kV to generate the plasma, the handling and the risk of use were very large.
Abstract
Description
Claims (17)
- 상부 도체전극과 하부 도체전극;상기 상부 도체전극과 하부 도체전극이 마주보는 내측으로 상기 상부 도체전극과 하부 도체전극 중 적어도 하나의 일표면에 형성된 하나 이상의 도체전극 돌출부;상기 상부 도체전극과 하부 도체전극이 마주보는 내측으로 상기 상부 도체전극과 하부 도체전극 중 적어도 하나의 일표면에 실질적으로 균일한 두께로 형성된 유전체 층;상기 상부 도체전극과 하부 도체전극을 밀착시킬 때, 상기 도체전극 돌출부의 돌출효과로 인하여 상하부 도체전극과 유전체층 사이 또는 상호 마주보는 유전체층들 간의 사이에 형성되는 소정의 간격(d);을 포함하고상기 상부 도체전극과 하부 도체전극에 펄스 또는 교류의 전원을 인가하여 플라즈마를 발생시키는 유전체장벽 방전 방식의 전극 구조체.
- 상부 도체전극, 하부 도체전극 및 내부 도체전극;상기 상부 도체전극과 내부 도체전극이 마주보는 내측으로 상기 상부 도체전극과 내부 도체전극 중 적어도 하나의 일표면에 형성된 하나 이상의 상부 도체전극 돌출부;상기 하부 도체전극과 내부 도체전극이 마주보는 내측으로 상기 하부 도체전극과 내부 도체전극 중 적어도 하나의 일표면에 형성된 하나 이상의 하부 도체전극 돌출부;상기 상부 도체전극과 내부 도체전극이 마주보는 내측으로 상기 상부 도체전극과 내부 도체전극 중 적어도 하나의 일표면에 실질적으로 균일한 두께로 형성된 상부 유전체 층;상기 하부 도체전극과 내부 도체전극이 마주보는 내측으로 상기 하부 도체전극과 내부 도체전극 중 적어도 하나의 일표면에 실질적으로 균일한 두께로 형성된 하부 유전체 층;상기 상부 도체전극과 내부 도체전극을 밀착시킬 때, 상기 상부 도체전극 돌출부의 돌출효과로 인하여, 상기 상부 도체전극과 내부 도체전극 중 하나와 상기 상부 유전체층과의 사이 또는 상기 상부 유전체층 상호간의 사이에 형성되는 소정의 간격(d1) ; 및상기 하부도체전극과 내부도체전극을 밀착시킬 때, 상기 하부 도체전극 돌출부의 돌출효과로 인하여 상기 하부 도체전극과 내부 도체전극 중 하나와 상기 하부 유전체층과의 사이 또는 상기 하부 유전체층 상호간의 사이에 형성되는 소정의 간격(d2);를 포함하고,상기 상부도체전극과 하부도체전극을 하나의 극으로 하고 내부도체전극을 대응전극으로 하여 펄스 또는 교류의 전원을 인가하여 상기 소정의 간격(d1)와 상기 소정의 간격(d2) 사이에서 플라즈마를 동시에 발생시키는 유전체장벽 방전 방식의 전극 구조체.
- 제 2항에 있어서, 상기 내부 도체전극을 다시 상부 내부도체전극과 하부 내부도체전극의 2개 층으로 분리한 후, 새롭게 형성된 상기 내부도체전극 분리 면의 양면 중 적어도 일면에 하나 이상의 분리면 도체전극 돌출부를 형성하고, 또한 상기 분리면 중 적어도 일면에 유전체 층을 형성함으로써, 상기 분리면 도체전극 돌출부 효과로 인하여 분리면 사이에 추가적인 소정의 간격(d3)을 형성하여 플라즈마를 발생시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 유전체장벽 방전 방식의 전극 구조체.
- 제 1항 내지 제 3항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 펄스 또는 교류의 전원이 펄스폭 100㎲이하, 전압 1000 V 이하인 펄스 또는 교류 전원인 것을 특징으로 하는 유전체장벽 방전 방식의 전극 구조체.
- 제 1항 내지 제 3항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 소정의 간격(d,d1,d2,d3))에서 방전전류 20㎃ 이하의 플라즈마를 발생시키는 유전체장벽 방전 방식의 전극 구조체.
- 제 1항 내지 제 3항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 도체전극 돌출부의 높이가 1000㎛이하의 높이로 형성된 것을 특징으로 하는 유전체장벽 방전 방식의 전극 구조체.
- 제 1항 내지 제 3항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 도체전극 돌출부는 원형, 사각형, 다각형, 타원형, 별형 및 이들의 조합 중 어느 하나의 모양을 갖는 것을 특징으로 하고, 그 형성 방법은 프레스 가공, 에칭가공, 용접가공, 금속 스페이서(spacer), 금속성형가공 및 이들의 조합 중 어느 하나의 방법으로 형성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 유전체장벽 방전 방식의 전극 구조체.
- 제 1항에 있어서, 상기 상부 도체전극 또는 하부 도체전극은 격자(망) 형상을 가지는 것을 특징으로 하는 유전체장벽 방전 방식의 전극 구조체.
- 제 2항 또는 제 3항에 있어서, 상기 상부 도체전극, 하부 도체전극 및 내부 도체전극 중 적어도 하나는 격자(망) 형상을 가지는 것을 특징으로 하는 유전체장벽 방전 방식의 전극 구조체.
- 제 1항에 있어서, 상기 상부 도체전극, 하부 도체전극, 상기 유전체층중 선택된 1종 이상의 적어도 1개소에 관통공이 형성되어 있으며, 상기 관통공은 원형, 사각형, 타원형, 다각형, 별형, 기타 형상 및 이들의 조합 중 어느 하나의 모양을 이루는 것을 특징으로 하는 유전체장벽 방전 방식의 전극 구조체.
- 제 2항 또는 제 3항에 있어서, 상기 상부 도체전극, 하부 도체전극, 내부 도체전극, 상기 유전체층중 선택된 1종 이상의 적어도 1개소에 관통공이 형성되어 있으며, 상기 관통공은 원형, 사각형, 타원형, 다각형, 별형, 기타 형상 및 이들의 조합 중 어느 하나의 모양을 이루는 것을 특징으로 하는 유전체장벽 방전 방식의 전극 구조체.
- 제 1항 내지 제 3항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 유전체층은 분사(스프레이), 플라즈마 용사, 도포, 침적 및 스크린인쇄 공정 및 이들의 조합 중 어느 하나의 공정으로 형성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 유전체장벽 방전 방식의 전극 구조체.
- 제 1항 내지 제 3 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 유전체층은 각각 적어도 하나 이상의 층이고, 각 유전체 층은 같은 재질이거나, 다른 재질임을 특징으로 하는 유전체장벽 방전 방식의 전극 구조체.
- 제 1항에 있어서, 상기 상부 도체전극 표면, 하부 도체전극 표면 및 유전체층 표면 중 선택된 1종 이상의 표면에 보호 코팅층, 다른 유전체층, 특수기능층(오존제거 기능층, 냄새제거 기능층, 절연체층) 중 선택된 1종 이상이 추가로 형성되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 유전체장벽 방전 방식의 전극 구조체.
- 제 2항 또는 제 3항에 있어서, 상기 상부 도체전극 표면, 하부 도체전극 표면, 내부 도체전극 표면 및 유전체층 표면 중 선택된 1종 이상의 표면에 보호 코팅층, 다른 유전체층, 특수기능층(오존제거 기능층, 냄새제거 기능층, 절연체층) 중 선택된 1종 이상이 추가로 형성되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 유전체장벽 방전 방식의 전극 구조체.
- 제 1항 내지 제 3항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 소정의 간격(d,d1,d2,d3)에 세라믹, 유리, 고분자 재질 및 이들의 조합 중 1종 이상인 절연체 층이 채워진 것을 특징으로 하는 유전체장벽 방전 방식의 전극 구조체.
- 제 1항 내지 제 3항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 전극구조체는 2개 이상이 직렬 형태로 간격을 두고 배열되어 있거나, 그 구조체간에 절연되어 상호 밀착되어 있거나, 또는 전기 극성을 교차로 달리하여 2개 이상으로 적층되어 있거나, 병렬로 확장 배열되어 있음을 특징으로 하는 유전체장벽 방전 방식의 전극 구조체.
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CN201380037414.5A CN104756334B (zh) | 2012-07-13 | 2013-06-27 | 在电极上设有导电体突出部的介质阻挡放电式的等离子产生电极结构 |
JP2015521539A JP6315482B2 (ja) | 2012-07-13 | 2013-06-27 | 電極上に導電体突出部を有する誘電体障壁放電方式のプラズマ発生電極構造体 |
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- 2013-06-27 KR KR1020130074534A patent/KR101500420B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2013-06-27 JP JP2015521539A patent/JP6315482B2/ja active Active
- 2013-06-27 US US14/414,517 patent/US9117616B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-06-27 WO PCT/KR2013/005706 patent/WO2014010851A1/ko active Application Filing
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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KR101500420B1 (ko) | 2015-03-10 |
CN104756334B (zh) | 2017-05-10 |
JP6315482B2 (ja) | 2018-04-25 |
KR20140009922A (ko) | 2014-01-23 |
CN104756334A (zh) | 2015-07-01 |
JP2015527701A (ja) | 2015-09-17 |
US9117616B2 (en) | 2015-08-25 |
US20150137677A1 (en) | 2015-05-21 |
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