WO2014003069A1 - 甲殻類用飼料 - Google Patents
甲殻類用飼料 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014003069A1 WO2014003069A1 PCT/JP2013/067552 JP2013067552W WO2014003069A1 WO 2014003069 A1 WO2014003069 A1 WO 2014003069A1 JP 2013067552 W JP2013067552 W JP 2013067552W WO 2014003069 A1 WO2014003069 A1 WO 2014003069A1
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- Prior art keywords
- coenzyme
- feed
- crustacean
- ppm
- body weight
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- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/12—Ketones
- A61K31/122—Ketones having the oxygen directly attached to a ring, e.g. quinones, vitamin K1, anthralin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/04—Antibacterial agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/12—Antivirals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2250/00—Food ingredients
- A23V2250/30—Other Organic compounds
- A23V2250/314—Ubiquinone, coenzyme Qn
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for preventing and treating viral infections by administering coenzyme Q when raising crustaceans, and the prevention and treatment of crustacean viral infections containing coenzyme Q as an active ingredient. It relates to therapeutic feed.
- the crustaceans which are invertebrates, have greatly different immune mechanisms from those of vertebrates such as fish, birds and mammals. Invertebrates such as crustaceans do not have defense mechanisms for adaptive immunity by antibodies and cellular immunity that vertebrates possess, but humoral properties by cellular factors such as phagocytosis and antimicrobial peptides It depends only on the innate immune system consisting only of factors. Therefore, there are more cases where the crustaceans cannot expect the immune defense mechanism that can normally be achieved by vertebrates.
- Patent Document 1 proposes a drug against virosis containing an oligosaccharide other than lactulose as an active ingredient.
- this drug has not been widely used at the farming site because of its effect.
- Patent Document 2 proposes a crustacean breeding method that uses proanthocyanidins to suppress a decrease in dissolved oxygen concentration in cultured seawater and eliminate drowning. Due to the degree of effect, it has not been used universally at aquaculture sites. In other words, there is currently no established general-purpose method that can replace antibiotics.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a method capable of preventing and treating crustacean virus infections without using antibiotics, and a feed for preventing and treating crustacean virus infections.
- the present invention relates to a method for preventing and treating crustacean viral infections, wherein the crustacean contains coenzyme Q having a coenzyme Q10 content of 50% or more in total coenzyme Q per kg of body weight.
- a method characterized in that it is administered at a dose of 2 to 8 mg / day.
- the present invention also relates to a method for raising crustaceans, wherein coenzyme Q having a coenzyme Q10 content of 50% or more in total coenzyme Q is added to a crustacean in an amount of 1.2 to 8 mg / kg body weight. This is a method for preventing or reducing the decrease in productivity caused by viral infection.
- the present invention contains 1 ppm or more of coenzyme Q having a coenzyme Q10 content of 50% or more in the total coenzyme Q, and the coenzyme Q as an active ingredient is administered at 1.2 to 8 mg / kg body weight per day. It is a feed for prevention and treatment of crustacean virus infection, characterized by being administered in an amount.
- the present invention it is possible to prevent or treat infections caused by crustacean viruses without using antibiotics or other chemical agents, and thus productivity in the cultivation of crustaceans caused by these infections. Reduction can be prevented or its influence can be reduced.
- the present invention is a method for preventing and / or treating crustacean infections caused by viruses by administering coenzyme Q or a feed containing coenzyme Q to a crustacean. It is also a crustacean breeding method in which coenzyme Q or a feed containing coenzyme Q is administered to prevent or reduce the decrease in productivity due to the viral infection.
- the crustacea to be the subject of the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples of common crustaceans to be cultured include shrimp, crab, barnacles, krill, etc., preferably shrimp, crab, Particularly preferred is shrimp.
- shrimp For example, a black tiger (bovine shrimp), vaname shrimp, a prawn, a button shrimp, a sweet shrimp, a red shrimp (Taisho shrimp), a bear shrimp, a lobster, a lobster, etc.
- a crab For example, a snow crab, a Chinese crab crab (Shanghai crab), a red snow crab, a hair crab, a king crab, a crab, etc. can be mentioned.
- the coenzyme Q used in the present invention represents an oxidized coenzyme Q represented by the following formula (1) and / or a reduced coenzyme Q represented by the following formula (2).
- oxidized coenzyme Q represented by the following formula (1)
- a reduced coenzyme Q represented by the following formula (2).
- the coenzyme Q when only the coenzyme Q is described, it represents the whole mixture when both are present, regardless of whether they are oxidized or reduced.
- Coenzyme Q is widely present in animals and plants and is known to be extremely safe.
- the coenzyme Q used in the present invention can be any coenzyme Q regardless of the production form such as chemical synthesis, fermentation by microorganisms, extraction from natural products, etc., but is produced by fermentation by microorganisms. Among them, those produced by fermentation with yeast or bacteria are more preferred.
- the purified coenzyme Q when using the coenzyme Q manufactured by fermentation by microorganisms or extraction from a natural product, it is preferable to use the purified coenzyme Q from a viewpoint which fully exhibits the effect of the coenzyme Q.
- the purity of coenzyme Q is not particularly limited, but is usually 80% or more, preferably 90% or more, more preferably 95% or more, and particularly preferably 97% or more. Needless to say, the upper limit is 100%.
- the content of coenzyme Q10 in the total coenzyme Q is preferably 70% or more, more preferably 80% or more, particularly preferably 90% or more, and particularly preferably 95% or more.
- the upper limit is not particularly limited, and may be 100%, but about 99.5% is usually sufficient.
- the coenzyme Q used in the present invention is not limited to either oxidized coenzyme Q or reduced coenzyme Q, and may be a mixture thereof, and the mixing ratio thereof is not limited. However, from the viewpoint of economy, it is preferable to use oxidized coenzyme Q or a mixture containing oxidized coenzyme Q as a main component (for example, 60% or more).
- the crustacean infection that is the subject of the prevention / treatment method of the present invention is mainly caused by viruses.
- Viruses that are the subject of the present invention include white spot virus, yellowhead disease virus, taura syndrome virus, infectious subcutaneous hematopoietic necrosis virus, baculovirus, acute virus, which cause a significant decrease in productivity in crustacean aquaculture Blood virus, hepatopancretic parvovirus, midgut necrosis virus, RV-PJ infection virus and the like.
- the method of the present invention is particularly effective against infections caused by white spot viruses.
- the reduction in productivity caused by virus infection means a decrease in catch in shellfish farming such as increase in mortality and weight loss / growth delay associated with virus infection. That is, according to the method of the present invention, increase in mortality and weight loss due to virus infection can be avoided / suppressed, and the catch expected to be expected can be approached. Needless to say, it is also within the scope of the present invention to avoid / suppress weight loss / growth delay by accelerating recovery after virus infection.
- the relationship between the amount of coenzyme Q used and the preventive / therapeutic effect is the first bell shape with a specific value as a peak and a limited effective range. I found it. From this point of view, in the present invention, it is necessary to administer coenzyme Q or a feed containing coenzyme Q so that the dosage of coenzyme Q per kg of crustacean body weight is 1.2 to 8 mg / day. is there.
- the lower limit of the dose of coenzyme Q is not particularly limited as long as it satisfies the above range, but is preferably 1.5 mg / day or more, more preferably 1.8 mg / day or more, and particularly preferably 2 mg / day, per kg of body weight. That's it.
- the upper limit is not particularly limited as long as it is within the above range, but it is preferably 6 mg / day or less, more preferably 5 mg / day or less per kg body weight.
- the period during which coenzyme Q or feed containing coenzyme Q is administered / ingested to the crustacean includes the amount of coenzyme Q, the purpose of intake, the type of target crustacean, the type of virus, the body weight, the day Since it differs depending on the age, donated feed, breeding environment, etc., it cannot be generally defined, but in order to fully exert the effect of coenzyme Q, it is generally preferable to continuously administer and ingest for 1 week or more. More preferably, it is 4 weeks or more, More preferably, it is 8 weeks or more.
- coenzyme Q and the feed containing coenzyme Q are administered and ingested to the crustacean.
- the amount of coenzyme Q, the purpose of ingestion, the type of target crustacean, the type of virus, the body weight, the day Since it varies depending on the age, feed, breeding environment, etc., it cannot be specified in general, but for example, when infection is expected in the environment such as water temperature or season, or when infection occurs in the vicinity, it should be administered prophylactically. Alternatively, it may be administered or ingested for therapeutic purposes after an actual infection has been confirmed. Generally, it is not limited to a specific time, but it is preferable to administer during the whole breeding period.
- coenzyme Q can be directly administered to crustaceans as an oral preparation in powder or solution.
- the oral preparation may be, for example, a powder, or a granule by adding a binder. Further, it may be a tablet or chewable tablet obtained by compressing a powder or granule, or it may be filled into a capsule to form a capsule.
- coenzyme Q may be directly added to seawater in the culture tank as an emulsified preparation or a water-soluble preparation.
- coenzyme Q is mixed with feed and given to crustaceans. That is, a feed for preventing and treating crustacean virus infections, which contains coenzyme Q having a coenzyme Q10 content of 50% or more in total coenzyme Q as an active ingredient, is also an aspect of the present invention.
- the method for adding coenzyme Q to the feed is not particularly limited. However, when using a thing derived from organisms, such as microorganisms, as coenzyme Q, from the viewpoint of maximizing the effect of the present invention, it is not added as a dried product or a crushed product of the organism, but extracted from the organism. It is preferred to add coenzyme Q that has been separated and partially or completely purified.
- Coenzyme Q may be added directly to the feed, and if necessary, a feed additive or premix to which coenzyme Q has been added may be added to the feed to obtain a coenzyme Q-containing feed
- the coenzyme Q-containing feed may be a feed in the form of granules, tablets, chewable tablets or the like. From the viewpoint of uniformly mixing the coenzyme Q in the feed, the coenzyme Q can be mixed with the coenzyme Q-containing feed additive or the coenzyme Q-containing premix rather than directly mixed with the feed. It is preferred to mix the feed additive or coenzyme Q-containing premix into the feed.
- the content of coenzyme Q in the feed differs depending on the crustacean type, body weight, age, feed, breeding environment, etc., and it cannot be specified unconditionally, but taking into account the feed intake of the target crustacean,
- the dose of coenzyme Q, which is an active ingredient may be determined by appropriately adjusting so that the dose is 1.2 to 8 mg / day per kg of crustacean body weight.
- the coenzyme Q content in the feed is usually 1 ppm or more, preferably 10 ppm or more, more preferably 50 ppm or more, still more preferably 100 ppm or more, and particularly preferably 120 ppm or more.
- an upper limit is not specifically limited, Usually, it is 800 ppm or less, Preferably it is 600 ppm or less, More preferably, it is 500 ppm or less, More preferably, it is 400 ppm or less, Most preferably, it is 300 ppm or less. Preferably it can be used in the range of 100 to 400 ppm.
- a feed containing coenzyme Q and a feed containing no coenzyme Q can be used in combination.
- the content of coenzyme Q in the feed additive or premix is not particularly limited. However, it is usually 1% by weight or more, preferably 2% by weight or more, more preferably 3% by weight or more.
- the upper limit is not particularly limited, but is usually 20% by weight or less, preferably 15% by weight or less, and more preferably 10% by weight or less.
- the raw material of the crustacean feed for adding and mixing coenzyme Q in the present invention is not particularly limited, and generally used raw materials are used.
- raw materials include cereals (corn, milo, barley, wheat, etc.), potatoes (rice bran, rice husk, bran, etc.), vegetable oils (soybean oil lees, rapeseed oil lees, etc.), animal feed (fish meal, Bone meat powder, etc.), salt, oligosaccharides, silicon-containing compounds such as silicon dioxide and silicic acids, various vitamins, minerals (calcium carbonate, dicalcium phosphate, zeolite, etc.), amino acids and organic acids.
- a commercially available mixed feed in which these raw materials are mixed in advance can also be used.
- a viable agent eg, Enterococcus, Bacillus, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, etc.
- Antioxidants for example, ethoxine, dibutylhydroxytoluene, etc.
- fungicides for example, propionic acid, calcium propionate, etc.
- binders for example, sodium alginate, sodium caseinate, carboxymethyl cellulose, etc.
- emulsifiers For example, glycerin fatty acid ester, sucrose fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester, etc.), amino acids (eg, DL-alanine, L-arginine, L-lysine hydrochloride, etc.), vitamins (eg, L-ascorbic acid, ⁇ -carotene, acetic acid)
- other pharmaceutically acceptable formulation materials may be appropriately added and mixed by a conventional method. It is not particularly limited as such, for example, excipients, disintegrants, lubricants, binders, antioxidants, colorants, anti-aggregation agents, absorption promoters, solubilizers, stabilizers, etc. Is mentioned.
- the antioxidant is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include ascorbic acid, tocopherol, vitamin A, ⁇ -carotene, sodium bisulfite, sodium thiosulfate, sodium pyrosulfite, and citric acid.
- the absorption promoter is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include surfactants such as higher alcohols, higher fatty acids, and glycerin fatty acid esters.
- the feed for preventing / treating crustacean virus infection of the present invention When used for preventing or reducing the decrease in productivity for crustaceans, the feed should contain an antioxidant or an antioxidant enzyme. Can do. Although it does not specifically limit as an antioxidant, for example, vitamin E, vitamin E derivative, vitamin C, vitamin C derivative, probucol, lycopene, vitamin A, carotenoids, vitamin B, vitamin B derivative, flavonoids, polyphenols, Glutathione, pyrroloquinoline quinone, pycnogenol, flavagenol, or selenium are suitable. The above may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the antioxidant enzyme is not particularly limited, and for example, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione reductase, catalase, or ascorbate peroxidase is suitable.
- SOD superoxide dismutase
- glutathione peroxidase glutathione-S-transferase
- glutathione reductase glutathione reductase
- catalase or ascorbate peroxidase
- an existing immunostimulant may be included in the feed. it can.
- the immunostimulant is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include polysaccharides such as fucoidan and ⁇ -glucan, lactoferrin, propolis, bifidobacteria and the like.
- Test method Using prawns, select 20 groups of 3 fish so that the average body weight is the same, commercially available shrimp feed (control group), feed containing 200 ppm oxidized coenzyme Q10, 1000 ppm oxidized coenzyme The Q10-containing feed was administered from 7 days before the following forced infection until 15 days after the infection. From the body weight and feed intake of the prawns during the test period, the dose of oxidized coenzyme Q10 in the group fed with the feed containing 200 ppm oxidized coenzyme Q10 was 2 mg per day (2 mg / kg administered) per kg of prawn body weight. Group), the dose of oxidized coenzyme Q10 in the group fed with 1000 ppm oxidized coenzyme Q10 feed was 10 mg per day (10 mg / kg administration group) per kg of prawn body weight.
- ⁇ Forced infection was carried out as follows. That is, the head and chest (shell removal) and swimming legs were taken out from 4 tailed prawn prawns infected with white spot virus (WSV), homogenized in sterilized seawater, centrifuged, and the resulting supernatant was sterilized seawater. In addition, the mixture was suspended in 30 L of seawater in a plastic container for infection and stirred well. The shrimp used for the test was immersed in it for 2 hours to be infected with the virus.
- WSV white spot virus
- Table 1 shows changes in the number of deaths after forced infection in each group. As shown in Table 1, in the group administered with the diet containing oxidized coenzyme Q10, death did not occur after the 6th day of infection, whereas in the control group, death continued after the 6th day. . The cumulative mortality rate was 90% in the control group, compared with 25% in the coenzyme Q10 2 mg / kg administration group and 65% in the coenzyme Q10 10 mg / kg administration group. It was observed.
- the coenzyme Q dose is not necessarily high, but rather, the 10 mg / kg administration group is less effective than the 2 mg / kg administration group, and the mortality rate is lower than the coenzyme Q administration. It was found that a bell-shaped tendency was observed in the suppression effect.
- a 0.1% amount of oxidized coenzyme Q10 is added to commercially available shrimp feed containing fish meal, minerals, vitamins, etc., water is added and mixed thoroughly, dried, and a premix containing oxidized coenzyme Q10 Was prepared.
- a shrimp feed containing oxidized coenzyme Q10 is added to it by adding commercially available shrimp feed and water so that the concentration of oxidized coenzyme Q10 is 80 ppm, 160 ppm and 400 ppm, respectively. Produced. In the control group, a commercially available shrimp feed to which coenzyme Q10 was not added was used as it was.
- the dose of oxidized coenzyme Q10 in the group fed with 160 ppm oxidized coenzyme Q10 feed was 2 mg per day (2 mg / kg administration group) per kg of shrimp body weight, 400 ppm oxidized coenzyme
- the dose of oxidized coenzyme Q10 in the group fed with the Q10-containing feed was 5 mg per day (5 mg / kg administration group) per kg of prawn body weight.
- ⁇ Forced infection was carried out as follows. Remove the head and chest (shell removal) and swimming legs from 4 tailed prawn prawns infected with white spot virus (WSV), homogenize in sterile seawater, centrifuge, and add the resulting supernatant to sterile seawater To prepare a WSV solution. 0.1 mL of this WSV solution was applied to the third abdominal node of the prawn used in the test and infected with the virus.
- WSV white spot virus
- Table 2 shows the number of deaths after 7 days of forced infection in each group. As shown in Table 2, in the group administered with oxidized coenzyme Q10 at 2 mg / kg or 5 mg / kg per day, a marked improvement in the number of deaths was observed, and compared with the group administered with 5 mg / kg. It was found that the effect at a lower dose of 2 mg / kg was slightly higher.
- the selected shrimp was immersed in Vibrio harvey for 40 minutes by immersing Vibrio harvei (Vibrio harvey (number of bacteria: 1 ⁇ 10 8 cfu / ml)) in diffused seawater, and then housed in a water tank. 28 days while giving each group a commercially available shrimp feed (control group), a test feed containing 20 ppm of coenzyme Q10, a test feed containing 100 ppm of coenzyme Q10, and a test feed containing 500 ppm of coenzyme Q10 Farmed.
- the dose of oxidized coenzyme Q10 in the group fed with 20 ppm oxidized coenzyme Q10-containing feed was 0.8 mg per day per 1 kg body weight of shrimp shrimp. 8 mg / kg administration group) and 100 ppm oxidized coenzyme Q10-containing feed, the dosage of oxidized coenzyme Q10 was 4 mg per day (4 mg / kg administration group), 500 ppm
- the dose of oxidized coenzyme Q10 in the group fed with oxidized coenzyme Q10-containing feed was 20 mg per day (20 mg / kg administration group) per 1 kg body weight of shrimp.
- Each water tank is provided with a closed circulation filtration tank, and in order to control ammonia and nitrous acid, 0.3 g / L of nitrifying bacteria (Pondprotect, manufactured by Novazymes Biologicals) is contained in the closed circulation filtration tank. Added at a rate and circulated at 0.2 L / min. Further, every week, the salinity was measured and distilled water was added to adjust the salinity to a constant value (30 psu).
- Table 3 shows the survival rate of each group. It was confirmed that the survival rate was higher in the group administered with oxidized coenzyme Q10 throughout the test period than in the control group, and the effect increased as the dose increased. It can be seen that infections caused by bacteria such as Vibrio bacteria do not form bell shapes, unlike viruses.
- Oxidized coenzyme Q10, silicon dioxide, and zeolite were uniformly mixed at the following blending ratio, and the mixture was added to defatted rice bran and mixed uniformly again.
- a premix containing was prepared.
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Abstract
Description
魚粉、ミネラル、ビタミンなどを含む市販のエビ用飼料に、酸化型補酵素Q10をそれぞれ0.02%、0.1%量添加し、水を加えて充分に混合し、乾燥して、酸化型補酵素Q10含有プレミックスを調製した。それらに、市販のエビ用飼料と水を加え、造粒・乾燥を行い、酸化型補酵素Q10の含有量がそれぞれ200ppmまたは1000ppmのエビ用飼料を作製した。なお、対照群には補酵素Q10が添加されていない市販のエビ用飼料をそのまま使用した。
(試験方法)
クルマエビを用い、平均体重が同程度となるように20尾ずつ3群に選別し、それぞれ、市販のエビ用飼料(対照群)、200ppmの酸化型補酵素Q10含有飼料、1000ppmの酸化型補酵素Q10含有飼料を、下記強制感染の7日前から感染後15日後まで投与した。試験期間のクルマエビの体重と飼料摂取量から、200ppmの酸化型補酵素Q10含有飼料を与えた群の酸化型補酵素Q10の投与量は、クルマエビ体重1kgに対し1日あたり2mg(2mg/kg投与群)、1000ppmの酸化型補酵素Q10含有飼料を与えた群の酸化型補酵素Q10の投与量は、クルマエビ体重1kgに対し1日あたり10mg(10mg/kg投与群)となった。
(試験結果)
各群の強制感染後の死亡数の推移を表1に示す。表1に示したとおり、酸化型補酵素Q10を含有する飼料を投与した群では、感染6日目以降の死亡が見られなかったのに対し、対照区では6日目以降も死亡が続いた。また、累積の死亡率は対照区が90%であったのに対して、補酵素Q10 2mg/kg投与群では25%、補酵素Q10 10mg/kg投与群では65%と死亡率の大幅な改善が見られた。また、補酵素Qの投与量は多ければよいというものではなく、むしろ、10mg/kg投与群では2mg/kg投与群に比べて効果が低下し、補酵素Qの投与量に対して死亡率の抑制効果にベルシェイプの傾向が見られることがわかった。
魚粉、ミネラル、ビタミンなどを含む市販のエビ用飼料に、酸化型補酵素Q10を0.1%量添加し、水を加えて充分に混合し、乾燥して、酸化型補酵素Q10含有プレミックスを調製した。それに、酸化型補酵素Q10の濃度がそれぞれ80ppm、160ppm、400ppmとなるように、市販のエビ用飼料と水を加え、造粒・乾燥を行い、酸化型補酵素Q10を含有するエビ用飼料を作製した。なお、対照群には補酵素Q10が添加されていない市販のエビ用飼料をそのまま使用した。
(試験方法)
クルマエビを用い、平均体重が同程度となるように20尾ずつ4群に選別し、それぞれ、市販のエビ用飼料(対照群)、80ppmの酸化型補酵素Q10含有飼料、160ppmの酸化型補酵素Q10含有飼料、400ppmの酸化型補酵素Q10含有飼料を、下記強制感染の7日前から感染後7日後まで投与した。試験期間のクルマエビの体重と飼料摂取量から、80ppmの酸化型補酵素Q10含有飼料を与えた群の酸化型補酵素Q10の投与量は、クルマエビ体重1kgに対し1日あたり1mg(1mg/kg投与群)、160ppmの酸化型補酵素Q10含有飼料を与えた群の酸化型補酵素Q10の投与量は、クルマエビ体重1kgに対し1日あたり2mg(2mg/kg投与群)、400ppmの酸化型補酵素Q10含有飼料を与えた群の酸化型補酵素Q10の投与量は、クルマエビ体重1kgに対し1日あたり5mg(5mg/kg投与群)となった。
(試験結果)
各群の強制感染7日後の死亡数を表2に示す。表2に示したとおり、酸化型補酵素Q10を1日あたり2mg/kgもしくは5mg/kg投与した群で、顕著な死亡数の改善が見られること、また、5mg/kg投与群と比較してより投与量の少ない2mg/kgでの効果の方が若干高いことがわかった。
(飼料の作成)
魚粉、ミネラル、ビタミンなどを含む市販のエビ用飼料に、酸化型補酵素Q10の濃度がそれぞれ20ppm、100ppm、500ppmとなるよう酸化型補酵素Q10を添加、混合して2種類の飼料を製造し、試験飼料とした。対照群には魚粉、ミネラル、ビタミンなどを含む市販のエビ用飼料をそのまま使用した。
(試験方法)
購入した孵化後12日目のバナメイエビを用い、3週間予備飼育した後、平均体重が0.13±0.01gとなるように3群に選別した。選別されたエビは、ビブリオ菌(Vibrio harvei(菌数:1×108cfu/ml))を拡散した海水に40分間浸してVibrio harveiに感染させたのち、水槽に収容した。それぞれの群に、市販のエビ用飼料(対照群)、補酵素Q10を20ppm含有する試験飼料、補酵素Q10を100ppm含有する試験飼料、補酵素Q10を500ppm含有する試験飼料を与えながら、28日間養殖した。試験期間のバナメイエビの体重と飼料摂取量から、20ppmの酸化型補酵素Q10含有飼料を与えた群の酸化型補酵素Q10の投与量は、バナメイエビ体重1kgに対し1日あたり0.8mg(0.8mg/kg投与群)、100ppmの酸化型補酵素Q10含有飼料を与えた群の酸化型補酵素Q10の投与量は、バナメイエビ体重1kgに対し1日あたり4mg(4mg/kg投与群)、500ppmの酸化型補酵素Q10含有飼料を与えた群の酸化型補酵素Q10の投与量は、バナメイエビ体重1kgに対し1日あたり20mg(20mg/kg投与群)となった。
(試験結果)
各群のバナメイエビの生残率を表3に示す。生残率は、試験期間を通じて、対照群に比べ、酸化型補酵素Q10を投与した群の方が高く、またその投与量が多いほどその効果が高まることが確認された。ビブリオ菌といった細菌による感染では、ウイルスによる感染とは異なり、ベルシェイプとはならないことがわかる。
下記配合割合で、酸化型補酵素Q10、二酸化ケイ素、ゼオライトを均一に混合した後、この混合物を脱脂米ぬかに加え、再度、均一に混合し、下記組成からなる酸化型補酵素Q10を5重量%含むプレミックスを調製した。
酸化型補酵素Q10: 5重量%
二酸化ケイ素 :10重量%
ゼオライト :10重量%
脱脂米ぬか :75重量%
製造例1で作成した酸化型補酵素Q10含有プレミックスに、脱脂米ぬか、大豆粕及び魚粉を加え、均一に混合し、下記組成からなる酸化型補酵素Q10を100ppm含有する甲殻類用飼料を調製した。
酸化型補酵素Q10:100ppm
二酸化ケイ素 :200ppm
ゼオライト :200ppm
脱脂米ぬか :19.95%
大豆粕 :30.00%
魚粉 :50.00%
Claims (5)
- 甲殻類のウイルス感染症の予防・治療方法であって、甲殻類に、全補酵素Q中の補酵素Q10含量が50%以上である補酵素Qを、体重1kgあたり1.2~8mg/日の投与量で投与することを特徴とする方法。
- 甲殻類の飼育方法であって、甲殻類に、全補酵素Q中の補酵素Q10含量が50%以上である補酵素Qを、体重1kgあたり1.2~8mg/日の投与量で投与することにより、ウイルス感染を原因とする生産性低下を防止または軽減する方法。
- 甲殻類がエビ又はカニである請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- ウイルスがホワイトスポットウイルスである請求項3に記載の方法。
- 有効成分として、全補酵素Q中の補酵素Q10含量が50%以上である補酵素Qを1ppm以上含有し、有効成分である補酵素Qが体重1kgあたり1.2~8mg/日の投与量で投与されることを特徴とする、甲殻類のウイルス感染症の予防・治療用飼料。
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JP2017534245A (ja) * | 2014-08-06 | 2017-11-24 | エンヴェラ エルエルシー | 産業的使用のための細菌芽胞組成物 |
WO2019189213A1 (ja) * | 2018-03-27 | 2019-10-03 | 株式会社カネカ | 抗病性飼料、水生生物の生産方法、水生生物、及び抗病性付与方法 |
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JPH07123928A (ja) * | 1993-11-09 | 1995-05-16 | Ajinomoto Co Inc | 家禽疾病予防剤及び家禽用飼料 |
JPH09187229A (ja) * | 1996-01-10 | 1997-07-22 | Idemitsu Material Kk | 家禽用飼料組成物 |
JP2003238396A (ja) * | 2002-02-21 | 2003-08-27 | Nisshin Pharma Inc | コエンザイムq10含有乳化組成物 |
WO2008156108A1 (ja) * | 2007-06-21 | 2008-12-24 | Kaneka Corporation | 機能性家畜生産品およびその製造方法 |
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JPH07123928A (ja) * | 1993-11-09 | 1995-05-16 | Ajinomoto Co Inc | 家禽疾病予防剤及び家禽用飼料 |
JPH09187229A (ja) * | 1996-01-10 | 1997-07-22 | Idemitsu Material Kk | 家禽用飼料組成物 |
JP2003238396A (ja) * | 2002-02-21 | 2003-08-27 | Nisshin Pharma Inc | コエンザイムq10含有乳化組成物 |
WO2008156108A1 (ja) * | 2007-06-21 | 2008-12-24 | Kaneka Corporation | 機能性家畜生産品およびその製造方法 |
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JP2017534245A (ja) * | 2014-08-06 | 2017-11-24 | エンヴェラ エルエルシー | 産業的使用のための細菌芽胞組成物 |
WO2019189213A1 (ja) * | 2018-03-27 | 2019-10-03 | 株式会社カネカ | 抗病性飼料、水生生物の生産方法、水生生物、及び抗病性付与方法 |
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