WO2014000679A1 - 一种终端灭活病原微生物的方法 - Google Patents

一种终端灭活病原微生物的方法 Download PDF

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WO2014000679A1
WO2014000679A1 PCT/CN2013/078283 CN2013078283W WO2014000679A1 WO 2014000679 A1 WO2014000679 A1 WO 2014000679A1 CN 2013078283 W CN2013078283 W CN 2013078283W WO 2014000679 A1 WO2014000679 A1 WO 2014000679A1
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gas
inactivation
present
pathogenic microorganisms
processing time
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PCT/CN2013/078283
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English (en)
French (fr)
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冉曙光
王强
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四川远大蜀阳药业股份有限公司
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Priority to RU2015100008A priority Critical patent/RU2629866C1/ru
Priority to IN10713DEN2014 priority patent/IN2014DN10713A/en
Publication of WO2014000679A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014000679A1/zh
Priority to ZA2014/09154A priority patent/ZA201409154B/en
Priority to US14/580,200 priority patent/US10301601B2/en

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12NMICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N7/00Viruses; Bacteriophages; Compositions thereof; Preparation or purification thereof
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61LMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2/00Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
    • A61L2/0005Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor for pharmaceuticals, biologicals or living parts
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61LMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2/00Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
    • A61L2/0005Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor for pharmaceuticals, biologicals or living parts
    • A61L2/0011Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor for pharmaceuticals, biologicals or living parts using physical methods
    • A61L2/0023Heat
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61LMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2/00Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
    • A61L2/02Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using physical phenomena
    • A61L2/04Heat
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61LMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2/00Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
    • A61L2/16Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using chemical substances
    • A61L2/20Gaseous substances, e.g. vapours
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12NMICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N2750/00MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA ssDNA viruses
    • C12N2750/00011Details
    • C12N2750/14011Parvoviridae
    • C12N2750/14311Parvovirus, e.g. minute virus of mice
    • C12N2750/14361Methods of inactivation or attenuation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of inactivating pathogenic microorganisms, and in particular to a method of terminally inactivating pathogenic microorganisms.
  • Biological products are products made from microorganisms, cells, animals or human tissues and body fluids, using traditional techniques or modern biotechnology, for the prevention, treatment and diagnosis of human diseases.
  • Blood products belong to the scope of biological products, mainly refers to biological active preparations prepared by biological processes or separation and purification techniques, including human blood albumin, human placental albumin, intravenous human immunoglobulin, muscle. Injection of human immunoglobulin, histamine human immunoglobulin, specific immunoglobulin, hepatitis B, rabies, tetanus immunoglobulin, human coagulation factor coating, human prothrombin complex, human fibrinogen, anti-human Lymphocyte immunoglobulin and the like. Blood products are used for treatment and passive immunization prevention. In medical emergency, war wound rescue and prevention and treatment of certain diseases, blood products have an irreplaceable important role in other drugs.
  • blood products are derived from human blood paddles, they are usually prepared by mixing multiple blood plasmas and then being separated and purified. In theory, blood-borne diseases can also be transmitted through blood products. Currently, common blood preparations are carried and spread.
  • the main viruses are HBV, HCV, HIV and HTLV-1, CMV, EBV, HAV, parvovirus and the like.
  • Blood product virus inactivation methods are divided into physical inactivation methods and chemical inactivation methods.
  • Physical inactivation methods usually include pasteurization, dry heat, Y-ray irradiation, short-wave ultraviolet method, and chemical methods usually have organic solvents/ Detergent (S/D) treatment, low pH incubation, octanoic acid inactivation, photochemical method.
  • S/D Organic solvents/ Detergent
  • the chemical inactivation method has only a good effect on the lipid enveloped virus, but has little effect on the non-lipid enveloped virus, and the chemical inactivation method needs to add one or more biochemical reagents, and the long-term safety must be verified. . (Song Qingshuang et al., "Progress in Virus Inactivation and Removal of Blood Products", Biotechnology Newsletter, 2012, 04). Most of the biological products are vacuum freeze-dried to make the final product, and the dry heat inactivation method is a more feasible terminal inactivation method.
  • the existing dry heat inactivation method of the terminal is to dry-heat inactivate the vacuum freeze-dried product under vacuum condition, and the method has good inactivation effect on lipid-coated viruses such as HBV, but is highly resistant to non-fat.
  • the inactivation effect of enveloped viruses is poor, especially for the inactivation of parvoviruses, such as Roberts et al.
  • the results of the study showed that under the same treatment conditions, different non-lipid enveloped viruses showed different resistance to heat: after 80 dry heat treatment of PPV, even after 72 h treatment, only 2.
  • the present invention provides a novel method for inactivating pathogenic microorganisms.
  • the method for inactivating pathogenic microorganisms of the present invention comprises the following steps:
  • a biological product is a product made of microorganisms, cells, animals or human tissues and body fluids, which is made of traditional techniques or modern biotechnology, and is used for the prevention, treatment and diagnosis of human diseases, such as blood products.
  • Dry heat inactivation that is, a method in which the lyophilized preparation is subjected to heat treatment and dry heat to kill pathogenic microorganisms.
  • the gas in step a is an inert gas or a non-inert gas.
  • the inert gas is helium, neon, argon, helium, neon or xenon;
  • the non-inert gas is nitrogen, NO, N0 2 , CO, C0 2 , water vapor, air, deoxygenated air, Hydrogen air, deoxygenated air, oxygen, hydrogen, 0 3 , formamidine, acetylene, ethanol, methyl ether, diethyl ether, propyl hydrazine or butyl hydrazine.
  • the nitrogen gas was nitrogen with a purity of 99.999%.
  • the amount of the gas to be charged is 0.4 to latm in terms of the pressure inside the container.
  • the amount of the gas to be charged is 0.4 to 0.9 atm in terms of the pressure inside the container.
  • the amount of the gas to be charged is 0.65 to 0.85 atm in terms of the internal pressure of the container.
  • the dry heat inactivation temperature in step b is 0 ⁇ 130 °C, and the treatment time is 0 ⁇ 200h.
  • the treatment time is 30 min ⁇ 150 h.
  • the treatment time is 18 to 140 h; when the temperature is 100 ° C, the treatment time is 30 to 120 min.
  • the temperature is 80 ° C
  • the treatment time is 36 to 72 h
  • the treatment time is 60 to 90 min.
  • the method for inactivating the pathogenic microorganism of the invention can effectively inactivate the non-lipid enveloped virus, in particular, the inactivation effect on the parvovirus is very excellent, and the efficiency of the existing inactivation method is 10 to 1000 times, which can significantly improve the biological product.
  • the safety and the short processing time can shorten the time of inactivation of the virus by 10% ⁇ 50%, greatly reduce the production cost, and have good industrial application prospects. It is apparent that various other modifications, substitutions and changes can be made in the form of the above-described embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
  • Material 1 PPV virus: AV30 strain, provided by China National Veterinary Microorganisms Collection and Management Center, base titer 10. 0LogTCID 5 . /ml, -70 ° C to save.
  • Culture cells F81 cells (Chinese Academy of Sciences cell bank).
  • PPV virus titration method 96-well cytopathic method, 50% cytopathic effect of virus (TCID 5 / 0.1 ml) was measured, and the titer was calculated by Karber method. The base titer is 10 6 .
  • Material 2 Commonly used reagents or buffers in the formulation of materials: sodium citrate 0-25mmol / l; NaCl 10-150mmol / l ; amino acid is glycine, histidine, lysine or its salt, arginine or its Salt, glycine is generally 1-10%; soluble calcium salt l-5mmol / l, albumin (BSA) 0. 5% - 5%.
  • BSA albumin
  • MATERIAL 3 Human clotting factor overlay intermediates, intermediates prepared according to the “modified glycine precipitation method” reported by the Armand Frappier Blood Separation Center in Canada, with albumin and/or amino acids as stabilizers.
  • MATERIAL 4 Human clotting factor-coated intermediates were prepared according to the Heparin Separation Laboratory at the Churchill Hospital in Oxford, UK and the Hess-Acidate Method in the Elstree Blood Products Laboratory. Albumin and/or amino acids were stabilizers.
  • Material 5 Human coagulation factor-coated intermediate product, according to the French Burnouf et al. report DEAE-Fractgel TSK650M to prepare a high-purity coating concentrate preparation, intermediate product, albumin and / or amino acid as a stabilizer.
  • Material 6 Human coagulation factor coated intermediate, preparation method: dissolve the cryoprecipitate with 3-10 IU/ml aqueous solution of heparin sodium, precipitate by PEG, centrifuge, S/D inactivated, DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow or DEAE 650M column adsorption , washing, elution, ultrafiltration and concentration to prepare intermediates, albumin and / or amino acids as stabilizers.
  • Material 7 Human fibrinogen (Fg) intermediate, prepared by Blomback method: Fully dissolved in cold precipitate, using ⁇ 1( ⁇ ) 3 gel adsorption, filtered, S/D inactivated lipid enveloped virus, PEG or glycine Precipitation, ultrafiltration purification into human fibrinogen (Fg) stock solution, amino acid and / or albumin Stabilizers were formulated with adult fibrinogen (purity ⁇ 90%, protein concentration ⁇ 40113 ⁇ 4/1111).
  • Material 8 Human fibrinogen (Fg) intermediate, prepared according to the method described in "Preparation and Properties of Serum and Blood Proteins" published by E. JChon (Chon's low temperature ethanol method): Fr precipitation by Chon's low temperature ethanol process, Fully dissolved, using ⁇ 1( ⁇ ) 3 gel adsorption, filtered S/D inactivated lip enveloped virus, low temperature ethanol reprecipitation, ultrafiltration purified to human fibrinogen (Fg) stock solution, amino acid and / or albumin stable Formulation of adult fibrinogen intermediate (purity ⁇ 90%, protein concentration > 40 mg / ml).
  • Material 9 Human prothrombin complex (PCC) intermediate, preparation method: Take the cold supernatant, use DEAE-Sephadex A50 gel adsorption, wash, elute and filter after S/D inactivated lipid enveloped virus, use DEAE again -Sepharose Fast Flow column gel adsorption (DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow), washing, elution, ultrafiltration purification into human prothrombin complex (PCC) stock solution, amino acid and / or albumin as a stabilizer to prepare adult fibrinogen intermediate Product (specific activity ⁇ 0.5IU/ml, protein concentration
  • Material 10 Human prothrombin complex (PCC) intermediate, preparation method: Take the supernatant, use DEAE-Sephadex A50 gel adsorption, wash, elute and filter S/D inactivated lipid enveloped virus, use DEAE again -Sephadex A50 gel adsorption, washing, elution, ultrafiltration purification into human prothrombin complex (PCC) stock solution, amino acid and / or albumin as stabilizer to prepare adult prothrombin complex intermediate (specific activity ⁇ 0.5IU / Ml, protein concentration ⁇ 30 mg / ml).
  • PCC Human prothrombin complex
  • Example 4 Method for inactivating pathogenic microorganisms of the present invention 1, processing method
  • Example 11 Method for inactivating pathogenic microorganisms of the present invention 1, processing method
  • porcine parvovirus Using porcine parvovirus (PPV) as a model virus, mix 10% (w/w) of the amount with the material 9PCC intermediate, vacuum freeze-dry, and lyophilize the sample into A, B, A
  • the group is a vacuum group
  • the group B is a method group of the present invention.
  • Group A The plug was sealed under a vacuum of 0.05 mbar in the cabinet, and the lid was rolled. The sample was measured for moisture ⁇ 2%.
  • Group B 0.05 mbar vacuum, the puncture rubber plug was passed through high-purity nitrogen, and the micro-electron pressure gauge was used to detect the pressure inside the bottle. Stop at latm, press plug seal, capping, measure moisture ⁇ 2%.
  • the parvovirus titer reduction value of the sample treated by the method of the present invention is 10 times or more of the existing method (group A); the method of the present invention (group B) treatment
  • the virus titer reduction value after 30 min was comparable to the virus titer reduction value of the prior method (Group A) for 60 min, indicating that the same inactivation effect was achieved, and the time required for the method of the present invention was significantly shorter than the existing method.
  • porcine parvovirus Using porcine parvovirus (PPV) as a model virus, mix with 10% (w/w) access volume and material 4 clotting factor intermediates, vacuum freeze-dry, and lyophilize the sample into A.
  • Group B Group A is a vacuum group
  • Group B is a method group of the present invention.
  • Group A The plug was sealed under a vacuum of 0.05 mbar in the cabinet, and the lid was rolled. The sample was measured for moisture ⁇ 2%.
  • Group B 0.05 mbar vacuum, the puncture rubber plug was passed through high-purity nitrogen, and the micro-electron pressure gauge was used to detect the pressure inside the bottle. 0. At 85atm, the plug is sealed, the cap is rolled, and the moisture is determined to be ⁇ 2%.
  • the parvovirus titer reduction value of the sample treated by the method of the present invention is 316 to 1000 times that of the prior method (group A); the method of the present invention (Group B)
  • the virus titer reduction value of 18h treatment was equivalent to the virus titer reduction value of the existing method (group A) for 72h, indicating that the same inactivation effect was achieved, and the time required by the method of the present invention was only the existing method. 1/4.
  • porcine parvovirus Using porcine parvovirus (PPV) as a model virus, mix with 10% (w/w) access volume and material 4 human clotting factor-coated intermediates, vacuum freeze-dry, and lyophilize the sample into A.
  • Group B Group A is a vacuum group, and Group B is a method group of the present invention.
  • Group A The plug was sealed under a vacuum of 0.05 mbar in the cabinet, and the lid was rolled. The sample was measured for moisture ⁇ 2%.
  • Group B 0.05 mbar vacuum, the puncture rubber plug was passed through high-purity nitrogen, and the micro-electron pressure gauge was used to detect the pressure inside the bottle. 0. 4 atm stop, pressure plug seal, capping, measuring moisture ⁇ 2%.
  • the parvovirus titer reduction value of the sample treated by the method of the present invention is 218 to 2238 times that of the prior method (group A);
  • Group B) The virus titer reduction value 60 minutes after treatment was higher than the virus titer reduction value of the existing method (group A) for 90 minutes, indicating that the same inactivation effect was achieved, and the time required for the method of the present invention was significantly Shorter than the existing method.
  • the pathogenic microorganism of the present invention can effectively inactivate a non-lipid enveloped virus, such as a parvovirus, which can improve the safety of biological products, and has a short inactivation time, a low production cost, and a good application prospect.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种终端灭活病原微生物的方法,它包括如下步骤:a、取容器包装的生物制品,真空冷冻干燥,充入气体,密封,得终产品;b、干热灭活。本发明提供的方法能有效灭活非脂包膜病毒,特别是对细小病毒的灭火效果优良,灭活时间短,克服了传统终端干热灭活方法的缺陷。

Description

一种终端灭活病原微生物的方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种灭活病原微生物的方法,具体地,提供了一种终端灭活病 原微生物的方法。
背景技术
生物制品, 是以微生物、 细胞、 动物或人源组织和体液等为原料, 应用 传统技术或现代生物技术制成, 用于人类疾病的预防、 治疗和诊断的制品。 血液制品属于生物制品范围, 主要指以健康人血液为原料, 采用生物学工艺 或分离纯化技术制备的生物活性制剂, 包括人血白蛋白、 人胎盘血白蛋白、 静脉注射用人免疫球蛋白、 肌注人免疫球蛋白、 组织胺人免疫球蛋白、 特异 性免疫球蛋白、 乙型肝炎、 狂犬病、 破伤风免疫球蛋白、 人凝血因子覆、 人 凝血酶原复合物、 人纤维蛋白原、 抗人淋巴细胞免疫球蛋白等。 血液制品用 于治疗和被动免疫预防, 在医疗急救、 战伤抢救及某些特定疾病的预防和治 疗上, 血液制品有着其他药物不可替代的重要作用。
由于血液制品来源于人血桨, 通常由多人份血桨混合后经特定分离纯化 技术制备而成, 理论上经血液传播的疾病也可经血液制品传播, 目前, 常见 的血液制剂携带并传播的病毒主要有 HBV、 HCV、 HIV和 HTLV-1、 CMV、 EBV、 HAV、 细小病毒等。
为了提高血液制品的安全性, 根据相关指导原则要求, 血液制品生产工 艺要具有一定的去除 /灭活部分病毒能力, 生产过程中应有特定的去除 /灭活 病毒方法。 血液制品病毒灭活方法分为物理灭活方法和化学灭活方法, 物理 灭活方法通常有巴氏消毒法、 干热法、 Y射线辐照法、 短波紫外线法, 化学 方法通常有有机溶剂 /去污剂 (S/D) 处理法、 低 pH值孵放法、 辛酸灭活法、 光化学法。 化学灭活方法仅对脂包膜病毒有较好的效果, 而对非脂包膜病毒 的效果微乎其微, 且化学灭活方法中需要添加一种或多种生化试剂, 其长期 安全性还须验证。(宋清爽等, "血液制品病毒灭活及去除工艺进展", 生物技 术通讯, 2012年 04期)。大多数生物制品大都采用真空冷冻干燥的方法制成终 制品, 干热灭活法是较为可行的终端灭活方式。
现有的终端干热灭活方法是在真空条件下, 对真空冷冻干燥品进行干热 灭活,该方法对 HBV等脂包膜病毒有良好的灭活效果,但对高度耐热的非脂包 膜病毒的灭活效果不佳,尤其是对细小病毒的灭活效果较差,如, Roberts 等 的研究结果表明, 在相同处理条件下, 不同的非脂包膜病毒对热表现出不同 的抗性:经 80 干热处理 PPV 即使经 72 h 处理,也仅能灭活 2. 2 log 的病毒; Kim等报道,对 F覆浓缩剂进行 100水浴 30 min 处理,仅使 PPV (猪细小病毒) 的滴度下降了 1. 90 log; 项庆军等, "最终干热处理对凝血因子浓缩剂中非 包膜病毒的作用" , 国外医学.预防.诊断.治疗用生物制品分册, 1995年 06 期中指出, 将 CPV (人细小病毒) 加到经 SD灭活过的高纯度 F覆中冻干后, 残 余水份 < 2%的情况下真空干热, 80°C 72hr或 90°C 10hr仅灭活 2. l log。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题,本发明提供了一种新的终端灭活病原微生物的方法。 本发明终端灭活病原微生物的方法, 它包括如下步骤:
a、取容器包装的生物制品, 真空冷冻干燥, 充入气体, 密封,得终产品; b、 干热灭活。
生物制品, 是以微生物、 细胞、 动物或人源组织和体液等为原料, 应用 传统技术或现代生物技术制成, 用于人类疾病的预防、 治疗和诊断的制品, 如, 血液制品。
干热灭活, 即冻干后的制剂经加热处理、 干热杀灭病原微生物的方法。 a步骤所述气体是惰性气体或者非惰性气体。
所述惰性气体是氦气、 氖气、 氩气、 氪气、 氙气或者氡气; 所述非惰性 气体是氮气、 NO、 N02、 CO、 C02 、 水蒸气、 空气、 去氧空气、 去氢空气、 去氢氧空气、 氧气、 氢气、 03、 甲垸、 乙炔、 乙醇、 甲醚、 乙醚、 丙垸或者 丁垸。
所述氮气是纯度为 99.999%的氮气。
a步骤中, 充入气体的量以容器内压强计为 0.4~latm。 优选地, 充入气 体的量以容器内压强计为 0.4~0.9atm。 进一步优选地, 充入气体的量以容器 内压强计为 0.65~0.85atm。
b步骤所述的干热灭活的温度为 0~130°C, 处理时间为 0~200h。
所述温度为 60~110°C时, 处理时间为 30min~150h。
优选地, 所述温度为 80°C时, 处理时间为 18~140h; 所述温度为 100°C 时, 处理时间为 30~120min。
进一步优选地,所述温度为 80 °C,处理时间为 36~72h;所述温度为 100°C 时, 处理时间为 60~90min。
本发明终端灭活病原微生物的方法, 可以有效灭活非脂包膜病毒, 特别 是对细小病毒的灭活效果非常优良,是现有灭活方法效率的 10〜1000倍,可 显著提高生物制品的安全性, 并且, 处理时间短, 可缩短高温灭活病毒时间 10%〜50%, 大大降低生产成本, 具有良好的工业应用前景。 显然,根据本发明的上述内容,按照本领域的普通技术知识和惯用手段, 在不脱离本发明上述基本技术思想前提下,还可以做出其它多种形式的修改、 替换或变更。
以下通过实施例形式的具体实施方式, 对本发明的上述内容再作进一步 的详细说明。 但不应将此理解为本发明上述主题的范围仅限于以下的实例。 凡基于本发明上述内容所实现的技术均属于本发明的范围。
附图说明
图 1 80°C干热 (干燥箱) 灭活 PPV动力学曲线
图 2 100°C干热 (水浴) 灭活 PPV动力学曲线
具体实施方式
实验材料:
材料 1 : PPV病毒: AV30株, 中国国家兽医微生物菌种保藏管理中心提 供,基础滴度 10. 0LogTCID5。/ml,-70°C保存。 培养用细胞: F81细胞 (中国科 学院细胞库)。 PPV病毒滴定方法: 96孔细胞病变法, 测定病毒 50%细胞病变 效应(TCID5。/0. lml), 结果按 Karber法计算滴度。 基础滴度 106
材料 2 :制品常用试剂或缓冲液配方中材料:枸橼酸钠 0-25mmol/l ; NaCl 10-150mmol/l ; 氨基酸为甘氨酸、 组氨酸、 赖氨酸或其盐、 精氨酸或其盐, 甘氨酸一般 1-10%; 可溶性钙盐 l-5mmol/l, 白蛋白 (BSA) 0. 5%- 5%。
以下生物制品或材料参考刘隽湘主编, 《输血疗法与血液制剂》, 人民卫 生出版社, 1996年版记载或引用的方法制备:
材料 3 : 人凝血因子覆中间品, 按照加拿大 Armand Frappier血液分离中 心报告的 "改良甘氨酸沉淀法" 制备中间品, 白蛋白和 /或氨基酸为稳定剂。
材料 4: 人凝血因子覆中间品, 按照英国牛津丘吉尔医院血桨蛋白分离 实验室和 Elstree血液制品实验室 "肝素-酸沉法" 制备中间品, 白蛋白和 / 或氨基酸为稳定剂。
材料 5 :人凝血因子覆中间品,按照法国 Burnouf等报告用 DEAE-Fractgel TSK650M制备高纯度覆浓制剂的方法, 制备中间品, 白蛋白和 /或氨基酸为 稳定剂。
材料 6: 人凝血因子覆中间品, 制备方法:用含 3-10IU/ml肝素钠水溶液 溶解冷沉淀, 经 PEG沉淀, 离心过滤, S/D灭活, DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow 或 DEAE 650M柱吸附、 洗涤、 洗脱、 超滤浓缩配制中间品, 白蛋白和 /或氨 基酸为稳定剂。
材料 7: 人纤维蛋白原 (Fg) 中间品, 制备方法为 Blomback方法: 取冷 沉淀充分溶解, 采用 Α1(ΟΗ)3凝胶吸附、 过滤后 S/D灭活脂包膜病毒、 PEG 或甘氨酸沉淀、 超滤纯化为人纤维蛋白原 (Fg)原液, 氨基酸和 /或白蛋白为 稳定剂配制成人纤维蛋白原 (纯度≥90%, 蛋白浓度≥4011¾/1111)。
材料 8: 人纤维蛋白原 (Fg) 中间品, 按照 E.JChon发表的 "血清与血 桨蛋白的制备与性质 "记载的方法(简称 Chon's低温乙醇法)制备:取 Chon's 低温乙醇工艺 Fr沉淀, 充分溶解, 采用 Α1(ΟΗ)3凝胶吸附、 过滤后 S/D灭活 脂包膜病毒、 低温乙醇再沉淀、 超滤纯化为人纤维蛋白原 (Fg) 原液, 氨基 酸和 /或白蛋白为稳定剂配制成人纤维蛋白原中间品 (纯度≥90%, 蛋白浓度 >40mg/ml )。
材料 9: 人凝血酶原复合物 (PCC) 中间品, 制备方法: 取冷上清, 采 用 DEAE-SephadexA50凝胶吸附、 洗涤、 洗脱过滤后 S/D灭活脂包膜病毒、 再次用 DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow柱凝胶吸附(DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow), 洗涤、 洗脱、 超滤纯化为人凝血酶原复合物 (PCC) 原液, 氨基酸和 /或白蛋 白为稳定剂配制成人纤维蛋白原中间品 (比活≥0.5IU/ml, 蛋白浓度
30mg/ml) o
材料 10: 人凝血酶原复合物 (PCC) 中间品, 制备方法: 取冷上清, 采 用 DEAE-SephadexA50凝胶吸附、 洗涤、 洗脱过滤后 S/D灭活脂包膜病毒、 再次用 DEAE-SephadexA50凝胶吸附、 洗涤、 洗脱、 超滤纯化为人凝血酶原 复合物 (PCC) 原液, 氨基酸和 /或白蛋白为稳定剂配制成人凝血酶原复合物 中间品 (比活≥0.5IU/ml, 蛋白浓度 ^30mg/ml)。
以上生物制品或材料如不立即使用, 于 -70 V超低温保存。
实施例 1 本发明灭活病原微生物的方法
1、 处理方法
( 1 )取瓶装材料 3, 真空冷冻干燥, 0.05mbar真空下, 穿刺胶塞充入高 纯氮气 (99.999%), 平衡至压强为 latm, 压塞密封, 测定水分≤2%。
(2) 采用 25°C干热 (干燥箱) 处理 200h。
实施例 2 本发明灭活病原微生物的方法
1、 处理方法
( 1 )取瓶装材料 4, 真空冷冻干燥, 0.05mbar真空下, 穿刺胶塞充入水 蒸气至压强为 0.4atm, 压塞密封, 测定水分≤2%。
(2) 采用 130°C干热 (干燥箱) 处理 lmin。
实施例 3 本发明灭活病原微生物的方法
1、 处理方法
( 1 )取瓶装材料 4, 真空冷冻干燥, 0.05mbar真空下, 穿刺胶塞充入高 纯氮气 (99.999%) 至压强为 0.9atm, 压塞密封, 测定水分≤2%。
(2) 采用 60°C干热 (干燥箱) 处理 150hr。
实施例 4 本发明灭活病原微生物的方法 1、 处理方法
(1)取瓶装材料 4, 真空冷冻干燥, 0.05mbar真空下, 穿刺胶塞充入氢 气至压强为 0.65atm, 压塞密封, 测定水分≤2%。
(2) 采用 110°C干热 (干燥箱) 处理 30min。
实施例 5 本发明灭活病原微生物的方法
1、 处理方法
(1) 取瓶装材料 4, 真空冷冻干燥, 0.05mbar真空下, 穿刺胶塞充入 C02至压强为 0.851atm, 压塞密封, 测定水分≤2%。
(2) 采用 60°C干热 (干燥箱) 处理 150min。
实施例 6 本发明灭活病原微生物的方法
1、 处理方法
(1) 取材料 4人凝血因子覆中间品, 真空冷冻干燥, 0.05mbar真空下, 原位充入氢气至压强为 latm, 压塞密封, 测定水分≤2%。
(2) 采用 110°C干热 (干燥箱) 处理 120min。
实施例 7 本发明灭活病原微生物的方法
1、 处理方法
(1) 取瓶装材料 5品, 真空冷冻干燥, 0.05mbar真空下, 穿刺充入氩 气至压强为 0.4atm, 压塞密封, 测定水分≤2%。
(2) 采用 80°C干热 (干燥箱) 处理 36h。
实施例 8 本发明灭活病原微生物的方法
1、 处理方法
(1)取瓶装材料 6, 真空冷冻干燥, 0.05mbar真空下, 原位通过无菌管 道直接通入高纯氮气(99.999%)至压强为 0.65atm,压塞密封,测定水分≤2%。
(2) 采用 80°C干热 (干燥箱) 处理 48h。
实施例 9 本发明灭活病原微生物的方法
1、 处理方法
(1)取瓶装材料 4, 真空冷冻干燥, 0.05mbar真空下, 原位通过无菌管 道直接通入高纯氮气(99.999%)至压强为 0.9atm,压塞密封,测定水分≤2%。
(2) 采用 80°C干热 (干燥箱) 处理 72h。
实施例 10 本发明灭活病原微生物的方法
1、 处理方法
(1)取瓶装材料 7, 真空冷冻干燥, 0.05mbar真空下, 穿刺胶塞通入高 纯氮气至压强为 0.85atm, 压塞密封, 轧盖, 测定水分≤2%。
(2) 采用 100°C干热 (水浴箱) 处理 120min。
实施例 11 本发明灭活病原微生物的方法 1、 处理方法
(2) 取瓶装材料 8, 真空冷冻干燥, 0.05mbar真空下, 原位通过无菌 管道直接通入乙炔气至压强为 latm, 压塞密封, 轧盖, 测定水分≤2%。
(3) 采用 100°C干热 (水浴箱) 处理 120min。
实施例 12 本发明灭活病原微生物的方法
1、 处理方法
(2) 取瓶装材料 8, 真空冷冻干燥, 0.05mbar真空下, 原位通过无菌 管道直接通入压缩空气至压强为 0.85atm, 压塞密封, 轧盖, 测定水分≤2%;
(3) 采用 100°C干热 (水浴箱) 处理 120min。
实施例 13 本发明灭活病原微生物的方法
1、 处理方法
(1)取瓶装材料 9, 真空冷冻干燥, 0.05mbar真空下, 原位通过无菌管 道直接通入压缩空气至压强为 0.65atm, 压塞密封, 轧盖, 测定水分≤2%;
(2) 采用 100°C干热 (水浴箱) 处理 120min。
实施例 14 本发明灭活病原微生物的方法
1、 处理方法
(1) 取瓶装材料 4, 真空冷冻干燥, 0.05mbar真空下, 穿刺胶塞通入 N02至压强为 0.9atm, 压塞密封, 轧盖, 测定水分≤2%。
(2) 采用 100°C干热 (干燥箱) 处理 60min。
实施例 15 本发明灭活病原微生物的方法
1、 处理方法
(1)取瓶装材料 4, 真空冷冻干燥, 0.05mbar真空下, 穿刺胶塞充入高 纯氮气 (99.999%) 至压强为 latm时停止, 压塞密封, 测定水分≤2%。
(2) 采用 100°C干热 (水浴箱) 处理 90min。 以下用实验例的方式说明本发明的有益效果:
实验例 1 本发明灭活病原微生物的方法
1、 处理方法
(1) 以猪细小病毒 (PPV) 为模型病毒, 按 10% (w/w) 接入量与材料 9PCC中间品混匀, 真空冷冻干燥, 取冻干后样品分为 A、 B组, A组为真空 组, B组本发明方法组。
A组: 在柜内 0.05mbar真空下压塞密封, 轧盖, 样品测定水分≤2%; B组: 0.05mbar真空下, 穿刺胶塞通入高纯氮气, 微型电子压力计检测 瓶内压强为 latm时停止, 压塞密封, 轧盖, 测定水分≤2%。
(2) 采用 100°C干热处理, Omin、 30min、 60min和 90min分别取样, 降温后置 -70°C待测定 PPV滴度,计算病毒滴度降低值 =加热前滴度-加热后滴 度, 单位以 log TCID50/0. lml表示。
2、 处理结果
处理后 PCC的 PPV滴度检测结果详见表 1:
表 1 PPV滴度降低值
Figure imgf000008_0001
LogTCIDso/O.lml 本 S3佥病毒 fti氐检测限:≤0.50 LogTCID50/0.1ml。
如表 1所示, 在不同处理时间点, 本发明方法 (B组) 处理后样品的细 小病毒滴度降低值是现有方法(A组) 的 10倍以上; 本发明方法(B组)处 理后 30min的病毒滴度降低值, 与现有方法 (A组) 处理 60min的病毒滴度 降低值相当, 说明达到相同的灭活效果, 本发明方法所需要的时间的显著短 于现有方法。
实验结果说明, 本发明方法可以更有效的灭活细小病毒, 并且, 灭活时 间短。 实验例 2 本发明灭活病原微生物的方法
1、 处理方法
( 1 ) 以猪细小病毒 (PPV) 为模型病毒, 按 10% (w/w) 接入量与材料 4人凝血因子覆中间品混匀, 真空冷冻干燥, 取冻干后样品分为 A、 B组, A 组为真空组, B组本发明方法组。
A组: 在柜内 0.05mbar真空下压塞密封, 轧盖, 样品测定水分≤2%; B组: 0.05mbar真空下, 穿刺胶塞通入高纯氮气, 微型电子压力计检测 瓶内压强为 0. 85atm时停止, 压塞密封, 轧盖, 测定水分≤2%。
(2 ) 采用 80°C不同时间干热 (干燥箱) 处理, 0hr、 18hr、 36hr、 72hr 分别取样, 降温后置 -70°C待测定 PPV滴度, 计算病毒滴度降低值 =加热前滴 度-加热后滴度, 单位以 log TCID50/0. lml表示。
2、 处理结果
PPV滴度降低值结果见表 2和图 1 :
表 2 80°C不同时间干热 (干燥箱) PPV滴度降低值
Figure imgf000008_0002
B 0 2. 50 4. 34 5. 58
Log—1 (B-A) / 316. 23 1000. 00 1000. 00
LogTCID5„/0. 1ml 本试验病毒最低检测限: ^O. 50 LogTCID5„/0. 1ml
如表 2和图 1所示, 在不同的处理时间点, 本发明方法 (B组) 处理后 样品的细小病毒滴度降低值是现有方法 (A组) 的 316~1000倍; 本发明方 法 (B组) 处理 18h的病毒滴度降低值, 与现有方法 (A组) 处理 72h的病 毒滴度降低值相当, 说明达到相同的灭活效果, 本发明方法需要的时间仅为 现有方法的 1/4。
实验结果说明, 本发明方法可以更有效的灭活细小病毒, 并且, 灭活时 间短。 实验例 3 本发明灭活病原微生物的方法
1、 处理方法
( 1 ) 以猪细小病毒 (PPV) 为模型病毒, 按 10% (w/w) 接入量与材料 4 人凝血因子覆中间品混匀, 真空冷冻干燥, 取冻干后样品分为 A、 B组, A组 为真空组, B组本发明方法组。
A组: 在柜内 0.05mbar真空下压塞密封, 轧盖, 样品测定水分≤2%; B组: 0.05mbar真空下, 穿刺胶塞通入高纯氮气, 微型电子压力计检测 瓶内压强为 0. 4atm时停止, 压塞密封, 轧盖, 测定水分≤2%。
(2 ) A、 B两组样品分别采用 100°C不同时间干热 (水浴) 处理, 0min、 30min、 60min、 90min分别取样, 降温后置 _70°C待测定 PPV滴度, 计算病毒 滴度降低值 =加热前滴度-加热后滴度, 单位以 log TCID5。/0. lml表示。
2、 处理结果
PPV滴度降低值见表 3和图 2 :
表 3 100°C不同时间干热 (水浴) PPV滴度降低值
Figure imgf000009_0001
LogTCID5„/0. lml 本试验病毒最低检测限: 0. 50 LogTCID5。/0. lml。
如表 3和图 2所示, 在不同处理时间点, 本发明方法 (B组) 处理后样 品的细小病毒滴度降低值是现有方法 (A组) 的 218~2238倍; 本发明方法 (B组)处理后 60min的病毒滴度降低值, 高于现有方法(A组)处理 90min 的病毒滴度降低值, 说明达到相同的灭活效果, 本发明方法所需要的时间显 著短于现有方法。
实验结果说明, 本发明方法可以更有效的灭活细小病毒, 并且, 灭活时 间短。 综上, 本发明病原微生物可以有效灭活非脂包膜病毒, 如, 细小病毒, 可以提高生物制品的安全性, 并且, 灭活时间短, 生产成本低, 应用前景良 好。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种终端灭活病原微生物的方法, 其特征在于: 它包括如下步骤: a、取容器包装的生物制品, 真空冷冻干燥, 充入气体, 密封,得终产品; b、 干热灭活。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于: a步骤所述气体是惰性气 体或者非惰性气体。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的方法: 其特征在于: 所述惰性气体是氦气、 氖 气、 氩气、 氪气、 氙气或者氡气; 所述非惰性气体是氮气、 NO、 N02、 CO、 C02 、 水蒸气、 空气、 去氧空气、 去氢空气、 去氢氧空气、 氧气、 氢气、 03、 甲垸、 乙炔、 乙醇、 甲醚、 乙醚、 丙垸或者丁垸。
4、根据权利要求 3所述的方法,其特征在于:所述氮气是纯度为 99.999%
5、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于: a步骤中, 充入气体的量 以容器内压强计为 0.4~latm。
6、根据权利要求 5所述的方法, 其特征在于: 充入气体的量以容器内压 强计为 0.4~0.9atm。
7、根据权利要求 6所述的方法, 其特征在于: 充入气体的量以容器内压 强计为 0.65~0.85atm。
8、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于: b步骤所述干热灭活的温 度为 0~130°C, 处理时间为 0~200h。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的方法, 其特征在于: 所述温度为 60~110°C时, 处理时间为 30min~150h。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的方法, 其特征在于: 所述温度为 80°C时, 处 理时间为 18~140h; 所述温度为 100°C时, 处理时间为 30~120min。
11、 根据权利要求 10所述的方法, 其特征在于: 所述温度为 80°C, 处 理时间为 36~72h; 所述温度为 100°C时, 处理时间为 60~90min。
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