WO2014000132A1 - 谷物精选分离器 - Google Patents

谷物精选分离器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014000132A1
WO2014000132A1 PCT/CN2012/000958 CN2012000958W WO2014000132A1 WO 2014000132 A1 WO2014000132 A1 WO 2014000132A1 CN 2012000958 W CN2012000958 W CN 2012000958W WO 2014000132 A1 WO2014000132 A1 WO 2014000132A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
air
grain
separation box
separation
plate
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2012/000958
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
史希水
薛松堂
周志刚
Original Assignee
山东亿恺仓储工程有限公司
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Publication of WO2014000132A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014000132A1/zh

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07BSEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B11/00Arrangement of accessories in apparatus for separating solids from solids using gas currents
    • B07B11/06Feeding or discharging arrangements
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07BSEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B11/00Arrangement of accessories in apparatus for separating solids from solids using gas currents
    • B07B11/02Arrangement of air or material conditioning accessories
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07BSEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B11/00Arrangement of accessories in apparatus for separating solids from solids using gas currents
    • B07B11/04Control arrangements
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07BSEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B4/00Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents
    • B07B4/02Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures fall

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a grain selective separator, belonging to a grain separation and cleaning and impurity removing device.
  • the drum type cleaning screen is characterized by simple structure, low failure rate, low power consumption and low cost, so it is widely used, but it uses the method of sieve filtration to achieve the cleaning effect.
  • the impurities in the grain are mainly divided into large impurities and medium. Impurities and small impurities, large impurities mainly include straw, bricks, large corn cobs, plastic bags, ropes, etc. Medium impurities mainly include gravel, small corn cobs, metal blocks, etc. Small impurities mainly include sand corn cobs.
  • Powder, chaff, bran dust, etc. and this method of sieving can only remove a large amount of impurities and small impurities, for side-by-side (the same large impurities as the sieve hole) and a part of light impurities can not be removed Therefore, the separation and impurity removal effect is not good.
  • the method of using air separation to remove impurities is proposed. Wind cleaning and grain classification are also widely used methods. Vibration and air selection screens are often used at home and abroad. Square suction separator, circulating air vertical separator.
  • the vibrating air screen is mainly used for wheat seed selection and cleaning; the square suction separator is mainly used for the cleaning of corn, which is rarely used because of the unsatisfactory effect; the circulating air vertical separator is produced by the Swiss company Buhler. It is characterized by the use of circulating air to make the equipment consume less power. It is a more advanced and used equipment, but it also has some shortcomings, namely: Due to the limitation of structure, the feed opening is concentrated and the output is increased. In the future, the effect of impurity cleaning will be very poor, and the debris with a large proportion will not be able to handle it. These kinds of equipments are complicated in structure, low in efficiency, small in output, and have certain limitations in cleaning effect, and the processing amount is small. At present, there is no manufacturer of wind-selected equipment with large amount of miscellaneous treatment. Summary of the invention
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a grain-selective separator which utilizes the action of the wind to make the material clearing range large, the separation effect is obvious, and the processing amount of the material is large.
  • the grain selective separator comprises a rack, a blowing system, a storage tank mounted on the rack, and a wind separation separation box, characterized in that: Below the discharge opening of the tank, there is a slanting downward vibrating feeding plate, and a vibration motor is installed at the bottom of the vibrating feeding plate.
  • the top end of the vibrating feeding plate is hinged on the frame, and the bottom of the lower end of the lower end is connected with a compression spring.
  • the compression spring is mounted on the frame through the spring seat, and the blanking end of the vibrating feeding plate is opposite to the feeding port of the air separation separation box, the air supply system includes a fan and a supply air passage, and the air outlet of the air supply passage is separated from the air selection.
  • the feeding side of the tank is connected, and the heavy impurity discharge port, the grain discharge port and the light impurity discharge port are sequentially installed at the bottom of the air separation separation box along the air inlet direction, and the air blower is installed on the light impurity discharge port, and the air separation is performed.
  • the top of the box is provided with an exhaust adjusting port, and a filter bag is arranged in the exhaust adjusting port.
  • the separator utilizes wind pressure air volume to separate impurities and other materials in grains and grains of different specific gravity and quality.
  • the material falls from the storage bin into the vibrating feeding plate below it, and the appropriate amount of material is evenly fed into the air separation separation box through the vibrating feeding plate.
  • the air supply system performs the material through a certain amount of air volume. Blasting, when the material is subject to the wind, it will drift. The distance and the mass of the material will be different. The distance between the stone and the iron in the material will be different from that of the wind separation tank.
  • the heavy impurity discharge port has fallen, and the grain and the same quality as the grain have fallen from the grain discharge port, and the lighter weight materials such as bran, chaff, and corn cob have fallen from the light impurity discharge port.
  • the air damper at the discharge port ensures that only the material is discharged without exhausting. In this way, under the action of the wind, the materials of different specific gravity are separated when freely falling through the three zones, and the separation and classification cleaning results are achieved.
  • the exhaust control port can be adjusted automatically
  • the wind pressure in the air separation tank can alleviate the situation that the wind in the air separation box is subjected to the resistance and then exhaust downwards, so as to avoid the dust from being brought into the separated materials, and the filter bag at the exhaust regulating port can prevent dust and the like. Discharge into the atmosphere.
  • the air supply passage is provided with at least one wind direction adjustment plate, and the wind direction adjustment plate is connected with an adjustment handle outside the air supply passage.
  • the air outlet of the air supply passage is provided with a louver type uniform air device, which comprises a plurality of uniform air plates arranged in parallel above and below, wherein the lower end of each uniform air plate is fixed on the frame, and the upper end is fixed on the same vertical transmission rod.
  • the vertical drive rod is connected to the operating handle.
  • the air outlet of the air separation tank is connected to the sedimentation chamber, the ultralight material outlet is arranged at the bottom of the sedimentation chamber, the air locker is installed on the ultralight material outlet, and the air outlet is arranged on the upper part of the sedimentation chamber.
  • a spiral guiding plate is arranged at the air inlet of the sedimentation chamber, and the spiral guiding plate is opposite to the air outlet of the sedimentation chamber, and the air outlet is connected to the air inlet of the fan through a circulation pipe.
  • the spiral guide plate enables the wind entering the air inlet of the settling chamber to flow first to the lower space of the settling chamber, and then flows upward from the bottom of the settling chamber and then enters the fan inlet from the exhaust vent along the circulation duct, thereby making the air separation separator The wind reaches the cycle and reduces the power consumption.
  • ultra-light materials such as dust, fluff and light bran are separated from the wind in the settling chamber and settled, and discharged from the ultra-light material outlet at the bottom of the settling chamber.
  • An observation window is arranged on the side wall of the air separation separation box.
  • a plurality of compartments can be arranged as needed, and the compartments of each compartment are separated by a separation adjustment plate, and the materials that are drifted after being subjected to the wind are separated by the distance. Separated, and the separation plate can be adjusted as needed to separate the materials by mass to achieve the desired effect.
  • the grain selective separator has a reasonable structure, and utilizes wind pressure air volume to separate impurities and other materials in grains and grains with different specific gravity and different masses, and has good separation effect, large material cleaning range and large processing capacity of materials;
  • the volume and the air volume of the air supply system can be adjusted, which is convenient to adjust according to the impurity content of the grain; the wind can be recycled, reduce the power consumption and save the cost;
  • the device adopts the horizontal arrangement, the air separation box can be based on Need to be bigger and smaller, and have a wide range of applications.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a partial enlarged view of the I portion of Figure 1.
  • the grain selective separator includes a frame 2, a blowing system, and a storage tank mounted on the frame 2.
  • the separation box 23 is provided with a downwardly downward vibration below the discharge opening of the storage tank 1.
  • the feeding plate 3, the bottom of the vibrating feeding plate 3 is equipped with a vibration motor 5, the top end of the vibrating feeding plate 3 is hinged on the frame 2, and the bottom of the lower end of the lower end is connected with a compression spring 4, and the compression spring 4 is mounted through the spring seat 6
  • the blanking end of the vibrating feeding plate 3 faces the feeding port of the air separation separation box 23, and the air supply system includes the fan 13 and the air supply passage 7, the air outlet of the air supply passage 7 and the air separation separation box 23
  • the feed side is connected, and the heavy impurity discharge port 14, the grain discharge port 15, the light impurity discharge port 16 are installed in the bottom of the air separation separation box 23 along the air inlet direction, and the air blower is installed on the light impurity discharge port 16 17.
  • the top of the air separation tank 23 is provided with an exhaust gas regulating port 25, and a filter bag is disposed in the exhaust gas regulating port 25.
  • the air supply passage 7 is provided with at least one wind direction adjusting plate 9 (two wind direction adjusting plates are provided in the embodiment), and the wind direction adjusting plate 9 is connected to the adjusting handle 8 outside the air blowing passage; the air outlet of the air supply passage 7 is provided
  • the louver type uniform air device 10 comprises a plurality of unidirectional baffles 26 arranged in parallel above and below. The lower ends of the hoisting plates 26 are fixed on the frame 2, the upper ends are fixed on the same vertical transmission rod 11, and the vertical transmission rods 11 are connected.
  • the operating handle 12; the air outlet of the air separation box 23 is connected to the settling chamber 20, the upper part of the settling chamber 20 is provided with an air outlet 22, the air inlet of the settling chamber is provided with a spiral guiding plate 21, and the spiral guiding plate 21 is opposite to the row of the sedimentation chamber
  • the tuyere 22, the air outlet 22 is connected to the air inlet of the fan 13 through a circulation duct, the ultralight material outlet 18 is arranged at the bottom of the sedimentation chamber 20, and the air locker 19 is installed on the ultralight material outlet 18; the side wall of the air separation box 23 is provided There is an observation window 24.
  • a plurality of compartments can be arranged as needed, and the compartments of each compartment are separated by a separation adjustment plate, and the materials that are drifted after being subjected to the wind are separated by the distance. Separated, and the separation plate can be adjusted as needed to separate the materials by mass to achieve the desired effect.
  • the separator utilizes wind pressure air volume to separate impurities and other materials in grains and grains of different specific gravity and quality.
  • the specific process is as follows:
  • the material falls from the storage box 1 into the vibrating feeding plate 3 below it, and the appropriate amount of material is hooked into the air separation separation box 23 through the vibrating feeding plate 3, and during the feeding process, the air supply system passes through a certain The air volume blasts the material.
  • the air volume blasts the material.
  • the heavy impurity discharge port 14 which is closest to the air inlet direction of the separation box falls, and the grain and the same quality material as the grain fall from the grain discharge port 15, and the lighter material such as bran, chaff, corn cob and the like are light impurities.
  • the discharge port 16 is dropped, and the air locker 17 at the discharge port can ensure that only the material is discharged without exhausting air, and the wind coming out of the air separation separation box enters the sedimentation chamber 20, and the spiral guide plate 21 in the sedimentation chamber 20 makes The wind first flows to the lower space of the settling chamber, then flows upward from the bottom of the settling chamber and re-enters the inlet of the fan 13 from the upper exhaust vent 22 along the circulating duct, thereby circulating the wind of the wind separator to reduce power consumption.
  • ultra-light materials such as dust, fluff, and light bran are separated from the wind in the settling chamber and settled, and are discharged from the ultra-light material outlet 19 at the bottom of the settling chamber.
  • the exhaust gas regulating port 25 can automatically adjust the wind pressure in the air separation separation box 23 to alleviate the wind in the air separation separation box 23.
  • the filter bag at the exhaust regulating port can prevent dust and the like from being discharged into the atmosphere.

Landscapes

  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)

Abstract

谷物精选分离器,包括机架、送风系统和安装在机架上的储料箱、风选分离箱,储料箱的出料口下方设有倾斜向下的振动喂料板,振动喂料板底部安装有振动电机,振动喂料板的顶端铰接在机架上,下端落料端的底部连接压缩弹簧,压缩弹簧通过弹簧座安装在机架上,振动喂料板的落料端正对风选分离箱的进料口,送风系统包括风机和送风通道,送风通道的出风口与风选分离箱的进料侧相通,沿进风方向在风选分离箱底部顺次安装重杂质出料口、谷物出料口、轻杂质出料口,轻杂质出料口上安装关风器,风选分离箱顶部设有排气调节口,排气调节口中设置过滤布袋。本分离器结构合理,利用风的作用使物料清理范围大、分离效果明显且对物料的处理量大。

Description

谷物精选分离器 技术领域
本发明涉及一种谷物精选分离器, 属于谷物分离及清理去杂设备。
背景技术
目前国内大型淀粉厂、 味精厂、 饲料厂、 食用油厂、 酒精厂等谷物处理 量在 50-200吨产量以上的均使用滚筒式清理筛。 滚筒式清理筛的特点是结构 简单故障率低、 使用动力小、 造价比较低, 因此被广泛使用, 但它是利用筛 片过滤的方法达到清理效果, 谷物中的杂质主要分为大杂质、 中等杂质和小 杂质, 大杂质主要有秸秆、 砖块、 大块玉米芯、 塑料包装袋、 绳子等, 中等 杂质主要有碎石子、 小块玉米芯、 金属块等, 小杂质主要有沙子玉米芯粉、 谷壳、 麸皮粉尘等, 而这种采用过筛的方法只能去除大杂和小杂的一部分, 对于并肩杂 (与筛孔同样大的杂质) 和一部分轻杂是去不掉的, 因此分离除 杂效果不佳, 目前经研究提出了采用风选清理去杂的方法, 风选清理及粮食 分级也是目前被广泛使用的一种有效方法, 国内外常使用有振动风选筛、 方 形吸风分离器、 循环风垂直分离器这几种。 振动风选筛主要用于小麦选种及 清理; 方形吸风分离器主要用于玉米的清理, 因效果不太理想目前已很少使 用了; 循环风垂直分离器是由瑞士布勒公司生产的, 它的特点是使用循环风 后使设备消耗动力小, 是目前较先进、 使用较多的设备, 但也存在不足之处, 即: 由于结构所限, 下料口集中落料, 产量加大以后杂质清理效果会很差, 比重较大的杂物就更处理不了了。 这几种设备均为结构复杂效率低产量小, 清理效果有一定的局限性, 而且处理量小。 目前风选去杂处理量较大的设备 还没有厂家生产。 发明内容
根据以上现有技术中的不足, 本发明要解决的技术问题是: 提供一种利 用风的作用使物料清理范围大、 分离效果明显且对物料的处理量大的谷物精 选分离器。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是: 所述的谷物精选分离器, 包括机架、 送风系统和安装在机架上的储料箱、 风选分离箱, 其特征在于- 储料箱的出料口下方设有倾斜向下的振动喂料板, 振动喂料板底部安装有振 动电机, 振动喂料板的顶端铰接在机架上, 下端落料端的底部连接压縮弹簧, 压縮弹簧通过弹簧座安装在机架上, 振动喂料板的落料端正对风选分离箱的 进料口, 送风系统包括风机和送风通道, 送风通道的出风口与风选分离箱的 进料侧相通, 沿进风方向在风选分离箱底部顺次安装重杂质出料口、 谷物出 料口、 轻杂质出料口, 轻杂质出料口上安装关风器, 风选分离箱顶部设有排 气调节口, 排气调节口中设置过滤布袋。
本分离器利用风压风量对比重不同、 质量不同的谷物及谷物中的杂质或 其他物料进行分离。 物料从储料箱落入其下方的振动喂料板, 并通过振动喂 料板将适量物料均匀的喂入风选分离箱中, 在喂料过程中, 送风系统通过一 定的风量对物料进行鼓风, 当物料受风后便会飘移, 物料的比重及质量不同 飘移的距离会有所不同, 物料当中的石块、 铁块及其他比重较大的物质从距 离风选分离箱进风方向最近的重杂质出料口下落, 谷物及与谷物同等比重同 等质量的物料从谷物出料口下落, 麸皮、 谷壳、 玉米芯等比重较轻的物料从 轻杂质出料口处落下, 该出料口处的关风器能够保证只排出物料而不排风。 这样, 在风的作用下不同比重的物料在通过这三个区自由落下时被分开来, 达到分离及的分级清理结果。 在风选分离过程中, 排气调节口能够自动调节 风选分离箱内的风压, 缓解风选分离箱中的风受到阻力后向下排风的情况, 避免将粉尘带入分离好的物料当中, 排气调节口处的过滤布袋能够防止粉尘 等排入大气中。
所述的送风通道中设有至少一块风向调节板, 风向调节板连接送风通道 外的调节手柄。 在分选操作前, 根据待分选谷物所含杂质的情况以及物料分 选实验, 通过手动调整调节手柄来调节并确定风向调节板的位置, 通过风向 调节板将风机鼓出的风打散并导向, 使风在送风通道里的风压给予所需的分 布。
所述的送风通道的出风口设有百叶窗式匀风装置, 包括上下平行设置的 多片匀风板, 各匀风板的下端固定在机架上, 上端固定在同一竖直传动杆上, 竖直传动杆连接操作手柄。 通过调整操作手柄能够同时调整所有匀风板的倾 斜角度, 通过匀风板来调整由风机吹来的风, 使风自上而下连续变化且均匀 的吹进风选分离箱, 确保物料得到均匀变化的风压, 使物料的运动轨迹形成 下抛弧线形, 达到好的分离效果。
所述的风选分离箱的出风口连接沉降室, 沉降室底部设置超轻物料出口, 超轻物料出口上安装关风器, 沉降室上部设有排风口。
所述的沉降室进风口处设有螺旋导向板, 螺旋导向板正对沉降室的排风 口, 排风口通过循环管道连接风机的进风口。 通过螺旋导向板能够使沉降室 进风口进来的风先向沉降室的下部空间流动, 然后再从沉降室底部向上方流 动并从排风口沿循环管道再进入风机入口, 从而使风选分离器的风达到循环, 降低动力消耗, 在流动过程中, 粉尘、 绒毛、 轻麸等超轻物料在沉降室内与 风分离并沉降, 并从沉降室底部的超轻物料出口排出。
所述的风选分离箱侧壁上设有观察窗。 除上述外, 在风选分离箱下部可以根据需要设置若干个分格箱体, 各分 格箱体之间通过分离调节板隔开, 对于受风后所飘移的物料被分离调节板按 距离分隔开, 并可以按需要调节分离板, 使物料按质量被分离开, 达到理想 的效果。
本发明所具有的有益效果是:
本谷物精选分离器结构合理, 利用风压风量对比重不同、 质量不同的谷 物及谷物中的杂质或其他物料进行分离, 分离效果好、 物料清理范围大且对 物料的处理量大; 喂料量以及送风系统的风向、 风量均可调节, 便于根据谷 物含杂质情况的不同进行调节; 风可以循环利用, 降低动力消耗, 节省成本; 本装置采用卧式布置方式, 风选分离箱可以根据需要做大做小, 应用范围广。 附图说明
图 1是本发明的结构示意图;
图 2是图 1中 I部位的局部放大图。
图中: 1、 储料箱; 2、 机架; 3、 振动喂料板; 4、 压缩弹簧; 5、 振动电 机; 6、 弹簧座; 7、 送风通道; 8、 调节手柄; 9、 风向调节板; 10、 百叶窗 式匀风装置; 11、 竖直传动杆; 12、 操作手柄; 13、 风机; 14、 重杂质出料 口; 15、 谷物出料口; 16、 轻杂质出料口; 17、 关风器; 18、 超轻物料出口; 19、 关风器; 20、 沉降室; 21、 螺旋导向板; 22、 排风口; 23、 风选分离箱; 24、 观察窗; 25、 排气调节口; 26、 匀风板。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的实施例做进一步描述- 如图 1、 2所示, 谷物精选分离器, 包括机架 2、 送风系统和安装在机架 2上的储料箱 1、风选分离箱 23,储料箱 1的出料口下方设有倾斜向下的振动 喂料板 3, 振动喂料板 3底部安装有振动电机 5, 振动喂料板 3的顶端铰接在 机架 2上, 下端落料端的底部连接压缩弹簧 4, 压缩弹簧 4通过弹簧座 6安装 在机架上, 振动喂料板 3的落料端正对风选分离箱 23的进料口, 送风系统包 括风机 13和送风通道 7,送风通道 7的出风口与风选分离箱 23的进料侧相通, 沿进风方向在风选分离箱 23底部顺次安装重杂质出料口 14、 谷物出料口 15、 轻杂质出料口 16, 轻杂质出料口 16上安装关风器 17, 风选分离箱 23顶部设 有排气调节口 25, 排气调节口 25中设置过滤布袋。
其中:
送风通道 7中设有至少一块风向调节板 9 (本实施例中设有两块风向调节 板), 风向调节板 9连接送风通道外的调节手柄 8; 送风通道 7的出风口设有 百叶窗式匀风装置 10, 包括上下平行设置的多片匀风板 26, 各匀风板 26的 下端固定在机架 2上,上端固定在同一竖直传动杆 11上,竖直传动杆 11连接 操作手柄 12; 风选分离箱 23的出风口连接沉降室 20, 沉降室 20上部设有排 风口 22, 沉降室进风口处设有螺旋导向板 21 , 螺旋导向板 21正对沉降室的 排风口 22, 排风口 22通过循环管道连接风机 13的进风口, 沉降室 20底部设 置超轻物料出口 18, 超轻物料出口 18上安装关风器 19; 风选分离箱 23侧壁 上设有观察窗 24。 除上述外, 在风选分离箱下部可以根据需要设置若干个分 格箱体, 各分格箱体之间通过分离调节板隔开, 对于受风后所飘移的物料被 分离调节板按距离分隔开, 并可以按需要调节分离板, 使物料按质量被分离 开, 达到理想的效果。
在分选操作前, 根据待分选谷物所含杂质的情况以及物料分选实验, 作 如下调节准备工作:
( 1 )通过调节振动电机 5来调节控制振动喂料板 3的振动幅度和振动频 率, 得到所需要的物料喂入效果;
(2)通过手动调整调节手柄 8来调节并确定风向调节板 9的位置, 通过 风向调节板 9将风机 13鼓出的风打散并导向, 使风在送风通道 7里的风压给 予所需的分布;
(3 )通过调整操作手柄 12同时调整所有匀风板 26的倾斜角度, 通过匀 风板 26来调整由风机吹来的风, 使风自上而下连续变化且均匀的吹进风选分 离箱 23, 确保物料得到均匀变化的风压, 使物料的运动轨迹形成下抛弧线形, 达到好的分离效果。
本分离器利用风压风量对比重不同、 质量不同的谷物及谷物中的杂质或 其他物料进行分离。 具体过程如下:
物料从储料箱 1落入其下方的振动喂料板 3,并通过振动喂料板 3将适量 物料均勾的喂入风选分离箱 23中, 在喂料过程中, 送风系统通过一定的风量 对物料进行鼓风, 当物料受风后便会飘移, 物料的比重及质量不同飘移的距 离会有所不同, 物料当中的石块、 铁块及其他比重较大的物质从距离风选分 离箱进风方向最近的重杂质出料口 14下落, 谷物及与谷物同等比重同等质量 的物料从谷物出料口 15下落, 麸皮、 谷壳、 玉米芯等比重较轻的物料从轻杂 质出料口 16处落下, 该出料口处的关风器 17能够保证只排出物料而不排风, 从风选分离箱出来的风进入沉降室 20, 沉降室 20中的螺旋导向板 21使风先 向沉降室的下部空间流动, 然后再从沉降室底部向上方流动并从上部排风口 22沿循环管道再进入风机 13入口, 从而使风选分离器的风达到循环, 降低动 力消耗, 在流动过程中, 粉尘、 绒毛、 轻麸等超轻物料在沉降室内与风分离 并沉降, 并从沉降室底部的超轻物料出口 19排出。 在风选分离过程中, 排气 调节口 25能够自动调节风选分离箱 23内的风压, 缓解风选分离箱 23中的风 受到阻力后向下排风的情况, 避免将粉尘带入分离好的物料当中, 排气调节 口处的过滤布袋能够防止粉尘等排入大气中。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种谷物精选分离器, 包括机架 (2)、 送风系统和安装在机架 (2) 上的储料箱 (1 )、 风选分离箱 (23 ), 其特征在于: 储料箱 (1 ) 的出料口下 方设有倾斜向下的振动喂料板(3 ),振动喂料板(3 )底部安装有振动电机(5), 振动喂料板 (3 ) 的顶端铰接在机架 (2) 上, 下端落料端的底部连接压缩弹 簧(4), 压縮弹簧(4)通过弹簧座(6)安装在机架(2)上, 振动喂料板(3 ) 的落料端正对风选分离箱 (23 ) 的进料口, 送风系统包括风机 (13 ) 和送风 通道 (7), 送风通道 (7) 的出风口与风选分离箱 (23 ) 的进料侧相通, 沿进 风方向在风选分离箱(23 )底部顺次安装重杂质出料口(14)、谷物出料口(15)、 轻杂质出料口 (16), 轻杂质出料口 (16) 上安装关风器 (17), 风选分离箱
(23 ) 顶部设有排气调节口 (25), 排气调节口 (25 ) 中设置过滤布袋。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的谷物精选分离器, 其特征在于: 所述的送风通 道(7) 中设有至少一块风向调节板(9), 风向调节板(9)连接送风通道(7) 外的调节手柄 (8)。
3、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的谷物精选分离器, 其特征在于: 所述的送 风通道 (7) 的出风口设有百叶窗式匀风装置 (10), 包括上下平行设置的多 片匀风板 (26), 各匀风板 (26) 的下端固定在机架 (2) 上, 上端固定在同 一竖直传动杆 (11 ) 上, 竖直传动杆 (11 ) 连接操作手柄 (12)。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的谷物精选分离器, 其特征在于: 所述的风选分 离箱 (23 ) 的出风口连接沉降室 (20), 沉降室 (20) 底部设置超轻物料出口
( 18), 超轻物料出口 (18) 上安装关风器 (19), 沉降室 (20) 上部设有排 风口 (22)。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的谷物精选分离器, 其特征在于: 所述的沉降室 进风口处设有螺旋导向板 (21 ), 螺旋导向板 (21 ) 正对沉降室 (20) 的排风 口 (22), 排风口 (22) 通过循环管道连接风机 (13 ) 的进风口。
6、 根据权利要求 1所述的谷物精选分离器, 其特征在于: 所述的风选分 离箱 (23 ) 侧壁上设有观察窗 (24)。
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