WO2013191109A1 - 循環型多層燃焼炉 - Google Patents
循環型多層燃焼炉 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013191109A1 WO2013191109A1 PCT/JP2013/066511 JP2013066511W WO2013191109A1 WO 2013191109 A1 WO2013191109 A1 WO 2013191109A1 JP 2013066511 W JP2013066511 W JP 2013066511W WO 2013191109 A1 WO2013191109 A1 WO 2013191109A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/06—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by oxidation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
- F23C10/02—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed
- F23C10/04—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone
- F23C10/08—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone characterised by the arrangement of separation apparatus, e.g. cyclones, for separating particles from the flue gases
- F23C10/10—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone characterised by the arrangement of separation apparatus, e.g. cyclones, for separating particles from the flue gases the separation apparatus being located outside the combustion chamber
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
- F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
- F23C10/28—Control devices specially adapted for fluidised bed, combustion apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
- F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
- F23G5/16—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/30—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having a fluidised bed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/001—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals for sludges or waste products from water treatment installations
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/04—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste liquors, e.g. sulfite liquors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
- F23G2201/30—Pyrolysing
- F23G2201/303—Burning pyrogases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2202/00—Combustion
- F23G2202/10—Combustion in two or more stages
- F23G2202/101—Combustion in two or more stages with controlled oxidant supply
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2207/00—Control
- F23G2207/10—Arrangement of sensing devices
- F23G2207/104—Arrangement of sensing devices for CO or CO2
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2207/00—Control
- F23G2207/10—Arrangement of sensing devices
- F23G2207/105—Arrangement of sensing devices for NOx
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2207/00—Control
- F23G2207/30—Oxidant supply
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
- F23G2900/55—Controlling; Monitoring or measuring
- F23G2900/55003—Sensing for exhaust gas properties, e.g. O2 content
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/40—Valorisation of by-products of wastewater, sewage or sludge processing
Definitions
- the present invention has a circulation part that burns sludge while supplying air for circulating the fluid medium, and a post-combustion part that supplies secondary air and tertiary air to the pyrolysis gas from the circulation part to cause complete combustion.
- the present invention relates to a circulation type multilayer combustion furnace.
- the circulating fluidized incinerator causes a fluid medium made of dredged sand or the like filled in a riser to flow with fluid air, and the fluid medium discharged along with combustion exhaust gas is discharged from the riser. It has a circulation part which incinerates waste, collecting it with a cyclone and circulating it to the lower part of the riser through a downcomer. And there exists a thing which has a preliminary combustion part which ensures complete combustion in combustion exhaust gas in the latter stage.
- This circulating fluidized incinerator is used for incineration of waste such as sewage sludge because it can stably incinerate a wide variety of wastes having different moisture contents and calorific values.
- a circulating unit that circulates a fluid medium and supplies fuel and primary air to burn sludge, and a combustion exhaust gas from the circulating unit that is provided in a subsequent stage of the circulating unit.
- a circulation type multi-layer combustion furnace having a post-combustion section that supplies secondary air and tertiary air to complete combustion.
- combustion is suppressed at a lower temperature than the above-described circulation type fluid incinerator to suppress the generation amount of greenhouse gas N 2 O, and a high temperature zone is formed in the rear combustion section of the latter stage
- N 2 O is decomposed and the unburned portion is completely burned.
- the total amount of air necessary for complete combustion corresponding to the amount of input sludge is controlled at the circulation section at the optimum ratio for suppressing combustion in the circulation section and complete combustion in the rear combustion section. It is supplied separately to the rear combustion section.
- the primary air amount to be supplied to the circulation section becomes less than the minimum primary air amount, and the furnace is stopped after low-load operation. May be forced.
- the sludge stock is increased until the normal operation in which the primary air amount to be supplied to the circulation section is at least the primary air amount becomes possible. Therefore, a method of restarting the operation of the circulation type multi-layer combustion furnace has been adopted.
- the amount of primary air to be supplied to the circulation section does not become less than the minimum primary air amount by supplementing the shortage of the input sludge amount with auxiliary fuel.
- the amount of auxiliary fuel used is increased, which is also inefficient.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to avoid the stop of the circulating multilayer combustion furnace even when the operation of the circulating multilayer combustion furnace shifts from the normal operation to the low load operation. Another object of the present invention is to provide a circulation type multilayer combustion furnace capable of continuing operation without increasing the amount of auxiliary fuel used per unit sludge treatment amount.
- a circulation type multilayer combustion furnace includes a circulation part that burns sludge while supplying air for circulating a fluid medium, and a pyrolysis gas from the circulation part. And a post-combustion section that completely burns by supplying air to the air, and divides the air flow rate required for complete combustion corresponding to the amount of input sludge into a predetermined ratio with respect to the circulation section and the post-combustion section.
- a circulation type multi-layer combustion furnace that performs first control to be supplied, and in the first control, when the air flow rate of air to be supplied to the circulation unit is less than the air flow rate necessary for circulating the fluid medium. In place of the first control, out of the air flow rate required for complete combustion, air exceeding the minimum air flow rate required for circulating the fluid medium in the circulation portion is supplied to the circulation portion, and the remaining portion Control to supply the air to the post-combustion unit And performing.
- the second control is the minimum air necessary for circulating the fluid medium in the circulation section among the air flow rate required for complete combustion. It is control which supplies the air of a flow volume to a circulation part, and supplies the remaining air to a post-combustion part.
- the circulation type multilayer combustion furnace can be prevented from being stopped and the auxiliary fuel used per unit sludge treatment amount is used. Operation can be continued without increasing the amount.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a circulation type multilayer combustion furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 2A is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a change in the amount of fuel used per unit incineration processing amount with respect to the incineration processing amount per unit time by the control device illustrated in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 2B is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a change in the air ratio with respect to the incineration processing amount per unit time by the control device illustrated in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 2C is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a change in the primary air flow rate with respect to the incineration processing amount per unit time by the control device shown in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 2D is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a change in the circulation portion outlet temperature with respect to the incineration processing amount per unit time by the control device illustrated in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a circulation type multi-layer combustion furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the circulation type multi-layer combustion furnace 1 includes a circulation part 2 and a post-combustion part 3 provided at a subsequent stage of the circulation part 2.
- the circulation unit 2 includes a riser 10, a cyclone 20, and a downcomer 21.
- the riser 10 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and in the furnace, a dilute layer 11 is formed in the upper portion, and a portion of a fluidized medium such as packed sand, which is called a dense layer 12, is formed in the lower portion.
- the fluid medium filled in the lower part of the riser 10 is fluidized in the furnace by fluid air (primary air), and the introduced sludge is combusted at about 600 to 900 ° C. with vigorous stirring.
- Combustion exhaust gas pyrolysis gas
- a cyclone 20 together with a fluid medium and separated into solid gas, and the fluid medium incinerates sludge while circulating to the lower part of the riser 10 via a downcomer 21.
- the pyrolysis gas separated into solid and gas by the cyclone 20 is sent to the post-combustion unit 3 provided in the subsequent stage.
- the post-combustion unit 3 forms a local high temperature field zone formed upstream by the secondary air and a complete combustion zone formed downstream by the tertiary air, and the heat sent from the cyclone 20 in the local high temperature field zone.
- N 2 O in the cracked gas is decomposed to reduce the greenhouse gas, and the unburned portion is completely burned in the complete combustion zone.
- Sludge is supplied to the lower part of the riser 10 via a sludge supply pump 60, and the amount of sludge supplied is sent to the control device 100 as a combustion processing amount. Further, the fuel 70 is supplied to the lower portion of the riser 10 via the valve 51 and the fuel usage amount detection unit 71.
- the opening of the valve 51 is controlled by a fuel usage amount controller (FIC) 41 so that the fuel usage amount detected by the fuel usage amount detector 71 becomes a control amount instructed by the control device 100.
- FIC fuel usage amount controller
- the lower part of the riser 10 is supplied with primary air A1 as a part of the air having an air flow rate necessary for complete combustion of sludge through a valve 52 from a primary air blower 80.
- the secondary air A2 is supplied from the secondary air blower 90 through the valve 53 to the upper or middle portion of the post-combustion unit 3 to form a local high temperature field zone.
- the tertiary air A3 is supplied from the secondary air blower 90 through the valve 54 to the middle or lower part of the rear combustion unit 3 to form a complete combustion zone.
- These secondary air A2 and tertiary air A3 are the remaining air of the air flow rate air necessary for complete combustion of sludge.
- the primary air flow rate regulator 42 detects the detection result of a primary air flow rate detector (not shown) so as to supply the controlled air 100 A controlled by the control device 100 to the concentrated layer 12 below the riser 10. Based on the above, the opening degree of the valve 52 is controlled.
- the secondary air flow rate regulator 43 detects a secondary air flow rate detector (not shown) so as to supply the controlled air secondary air A2 instructed by the control device 100 to the upper part or middle part of the post-combustion unit 3. Based on the result, the opening degree of the valve 53 is controlled.
- the tertiary air flow rate adjuster 44 detects the result of detection by a tertiary air flow rate detector (not shown) so as to supply the controlled air of the tertiary air A3 instructed by the control device 100 to the middle or lower part of the rear combustion unit 3. Based on the above, the opening degree of the valve 54 is controlled.
- thermocouples 13 and 33 are dispersedly arranged in the riser 10 and the post-combustion unit 3, and the respective furnace temperatures are measured.
- the sludge supplied to the lower part in the riser 10 is combusted by the fuel 70 and the primary air A 1 also supplied from the lower part, and the riser 10 and the cyclone 20 are
- the pyrolysis gas discharged from the exhaust gas is burned in the local high-temperature field zone by the secondary air A2 supplied to the upper part or the middle part to decompose N 2 O in the combustion exhaust gas.
- the incombustible portion is completely burned in the complete combustion zone by A3.
- the control device 100 includes a fuel usage amount detector 71, a sludge supply flow rate detector 61, a primary air flow rate detector, a secondary air flow rate detector, and a tertiary air flow rate detector, respectively.
- the primary air flow rate, the secondary air flow rate, and the tertiary air flow rate are input, and the in-furnace temperature of the riser 10 and the in-furnace temperature of the post-combustion unit 3 are input from the thermocouples 13 and 33, respectively.
- an exhaust gas component value such as O 2 or N 2 O detected by the gas sensor 35 is also input to the control device 100 from the post-combustion unit 3.
- control device 100 sends a fuel usage amount as a control amount to the fuel usage amount regulator 41, the primary air flow rate regulator 42, the secondary air flow rate regulator 43, and the tertiary air flow rate regulator 44, respectively.
- the primary air flow rate, the secondary air flow rate, and the tertiary air flow rate are output.
- the primary air flow rate above a certain value. Needs to flow into the circulation part 2. Therefore, the primary air flow rate to the circulation part 2 does not become less than a fixed primary air flow rate (minimum primary air flow rate).
- the control device 100 per unit incineration processing amount of sludge in the circulation unit 2
- the amount of fuel used is constant and the primary air ratio is less than 1, and the secondary combustion unit 3 supplies the secondary air A2 and the tertiary air A3 to the pyrolysis gas from the circulation unit 2.
- the first multi-layer combustion process is performed by the first control for further burning the gas to complete combustion.
- the control device 100 uses the fuel per unit of incineration treatment amount of sludge in the circulation unit 2.
- the primary air ratio is set to the same value as the first multi-layer combustion treatment, and the primary air ratio is reduced as the sludge incineration treatment amount per unit time supplied to the circulation unit 2 is reduced.
- the secondary air ratio and the tertiary air ratio are gradually increased to a value of 0 as the amount of incineration of sludge per unit time supplied to the circulation unit 2 in the post-combustion unit 3 is decreased.
- a second multilayer combustion process is performed by the second control to be reduced.
- FIG. 2A shows the fuel use amount Fr (Nm 3 / t-cake) per unit incineration processing amount (1 t-cake) with respect to the incineration processing amount Br per unit time, which is the load of the circulation type multi-layer combustion furnace 1.
- FIG. 2B shows changes in the air ratio (primary air ratio m1, secondary air ratio m2, secondary air ratio m3, total air ratio m) with respect to the incineration processing amount Br per unit time.
- 2C shows the primary air flow rate A1V with respect to the incineration processing amount Br per unit time
- the incineration processing amount Br at 100% load is specifically 100 t / day, for example. Therefore, the incineration throughput Br at the 75% load and the 50% load is specifically, for example, 75 t / day and 50 t / day, respectively.
- the minimum primary air flow rate A1Vmin of the circulation section 2 is when the incineration processing amount Br is 75% load.
- the first multilayer combustion process B1 described above is performed in the section from the minimum primary air flow rate A1Vmin to the maximum primary air flow rate A1Vmax, that is, between the 75% load and the 100% load.
- the second multi-layer combustion process B2 described above is performed in a section where the primary air flow rate is A1 Vmin, that is, between 75% load and 50% load, and particularly at the time of 50% load, the circulation part complete combustion process. B3 is performed.
- a suppression combustion process is performed in which the primary air ratio m1 in the circulation unit 2 is less than 1, for example, 0.9. Further, the secondary air ratio m2 in the post-combustion unit 3 is set to 0.1 and the tertiary air ratio m3 is set to 0.3, for example, and the pyrolysis gas from the circulation unit 2 is completely burned. And the total air ratio of the circulation type multilayer combustion furnace 1 whole is set to 1.3, for example.
- the circulation unit 2 In this state, the amount of sludge treated is large, the circulation unit 2 is in a suppressed combustion state, and a local high-temperature field zone is formed in the post-combustion unit 3, so that N 2 O gas is reduced. And since the circulation part 2 is suppression combustion, as shown to FIG. 2D, in the area of 1st multilayer combustion process B1, the circulation part exit temperature T will be 750 degreeC, for example.
- the post-combustion section outlet temperature is, for example, 850 ° C.
- the amount of fuel used per unit incineration process amount is a constant value Fr1 (for example, 20 (Nm 3 / t-cake)). Since the constant value Fr1 corresponds to the unit incineration processing amount, the absolute amount of fuel usage increases as the incineration processing amount Br increases.
- the primary air ratio m1 in the circulation section 2 is monotonously increased as the load decreases, regardless of being less than 1. It is set to the value of the total air ratio m at% load.
- the secondary air ratio m2 and the tertiary air ratio m3 of the post-combustion unit 3 are monotonously decreased as the load decreases, and become 0 at 50% load. That is, at 50% load, only the circulation part 2 is completely combusted, and the post-combustion part 3 serves as a pre-combustion part that ensures complete combustion.
- the circulation section 2 is in the suppression combustion state as in the section of the first multi-layer combustion process B1.
- a local high-temperature field zone is formed in the post-combustion part 3, and N 2 O is reduced.
- the primary air ratio m1 in the circulation part 2 continuously increases to 1.0 or more, and the temperature rises in the circulation part 2. However, it will be in a state of combustion that will not reach complete combustion. In this case, the temperature in the post-combustion section 3 is lower than that in the case of the first multilayer combustion process B1, but N 2 O is in a lower state than in the complete combustion in the circulation section 2.
- the circulation unit 2 In the above-described first multi-layer combustion process B1, even if the load increases or decreases, the circulation unit 2, the post-combustion unit 3, and the combustion process ratio do not change, but in the second multi-layer combustion process B2, the load decreases. Thus, the combustion treatment ratio in the circulation unit 2 is gradually increased without immediately changing. And at 50% load, the circulation part complete combustion process B3 which makes the combustion process ratio in the circulation part 2 100% is performed.
- the circulating portion outlet temperature T increases from, for example, 750 ° C. to 850 ° C. as it approaches from the 75% load to the 50% load.
- the post-combustion section outlet temperature is 700 ° C., for example.
- the primary air flow rate A1V which is an absolute amount, does not decrease as the load decreases.
- the fuel per unit incineration processing amount for forcibly maintaining the primary air ratio m1 at 0.9 corresponding to the surplus air and performing the sludge suppression combustion As shown by the broken line in FIG. 2A, the fuel per unit incineration processing amount for forcibly maintaining the primary air ratio m1 at 0.9 corresponding to the surplus air and performing the sludge suppression combustion.
- the amount used increased with a decrease in load (increase in the surplus amount of the primary air flow rate A1V).
- the primary air ratio m1 is increased between the 75% load and the 50% load in FIG. )
- the complete combustion state (high temperature state) of the sludge by the circulation unit 2 the state of increase of the surplus amount of the primary air flow rate A1V does not occur, and the increase in useless fuel can be suppressed.
- the 75% load and 50% load described above are examples, and are determined by the furnace capacity of the circulation unit 2.
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
- Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
Description
図2Bに示すように、第1多層燃焼処理B1の区間では、循環部2での1次空気比m1が1未満、例えば0.9とする抑制燃焼処理が行われる。また、後燃焼部3での2次空気比m2を例えば0.1及び3次空気比m3を例えば0.3として循環部2からの熱分解ガスを完全燃焼させる。そして、循環型多層燃焼炉1全体の全空気比は例えば1.3に設定される。この状態においては、汚泥の処理量が多く、循環部2が抑制燃焼状態であるとともに、後燃焼部3において局所高温場ゾーンが形成されており、N2Oガスが低減される。そして、循環部2が抑制燃焼であるため、図2Dに示すように、第1多層燃焼処理B1の区間では、循環部出口温度Tは、例えば750℃となる。なお、後燃焼部出口温度は、例えば850℃となる。
図2Bに示すように、第2多層燃焼処理B2の区間では、循環部2での1次空気比m1は、1未満とすることに拘らず、負荷の減少に伴って単調に増大させ、50%負荷において全空気比mの値となるようにしている。一方、後燃焼部3の2次空気比m2及び3次空気比m3は、負荷の減少に伴って単調に減少させ、50%負荷において0となるようにしている。すなわち、50%負荷では、循環部2のみが完全燃焼し、後燃焼部3は、完全燃焼を確保する予備燃焼部の役割となる。ここで、第2多層燃焼処理B2の区間の75%負荷において、1次空気比m1を直ちに1.3、2次空気比m2及び3次空気比m3を直ちに0にして不連続に制御すると、循環部2に急速に多くの空気が供給されることになる。この場合、循環部2に余剰の空気を供給することになるので、循環部2においては、この余剰の空気を昇温させる必要が生じ、燃料の使用量が増加してしまう。そのため、第2多層燃焼処理B2の区間においては、負荷の減少に従って、1次空気比m1、2次空気比m2、及び3次空気比m3のそれぞれを単調かつ連続的に変化させる。
2 循環部
3 後燃焼部
10 ライザー
11 希薄層
12 濃厚層
13,33 熱電対
20 サイクロン
21 ダウンカマー
35 ガスセンサ
41 燃料使用量調節器
42,43,44 空気流量調節器
51,52,53,54 バルブ
60 汚泥供給ポンプ
61 汚泥供給流量検出器
70 燃料
71 燃料使用量検出器
80 一次空気ブロワ
90 二次空気ブロワ
100 制御装置
A1 1次空気
A2 2次空気
A3 3次空気
Claims (2)
- 流動媒体を循環させる空気を供給しつつ汚泥を燃焼する循環部と、前記循環部からの熱分解ガスに空気を供給して完全燃焼させる後燃焼部とを有し、投入汚泥量に対応する完全燃焼に必要な空気流量の空気を、前記循環部と前記後燃焼部とに対して所定の比率に分けて供給する第一の制御を行う循環型多層燃焼炉であって、
前記第一の制御では前記循環部に供給されるべき空気の空気流量が前記流動媒体を循環させるのに必要な空気流量未満になる場合に、前記第一の制御に代えて、前記完全燃焼に必要な空気流量の空気のうち、前記循環部において前記流動媒体を循環させるのに必要な最低限の空気流量以上の空気を前記循環部に供給するとともに、残部の空気を前記後燃焼部に供給する、第二の制御を行う
ことを特徴とする循環型多層燃焼炉。 - 前記第二の制御は、前記完全燃焼に必要な空気流量の空気のうち、前記循環部において前記流動媒体を循環させるのに必要な最低限の空気流量の空気を前記循環部に供給するとともに、残部の空気を前記後燃焼部に供給する制御であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の循環型多層燃焼炉。
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EP13806758.2A EP2863122B1 (en) | 2012-06-18 | 2013-06-14 | Circulating-type multi-layer furnace |
JP2014521440A JP5998216B2 (ja) | 2012-06-18 | 2013-06-14 | 循環型多層燃焼炉 |
CN201380030129.0A CN104350330B (zh) | 2012-06-18 | 2013-06-14 | 循环型多层燃烧炉 |
HK15102855.3A HK1202610A1 (zh) | 2012-06-18 | 2015-03-20 | 循環型多層燃燒爐 |
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JPWO2013191109A1 (ja) | 2016-05-26 |
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CN104350330B (zh) | 2016-09-07 |
EP2863122A4 (en) | 2016-03-09 |
EP2863122B1 (en) | 2019-01-09 |
EP2863122A1 (en) | 2015-04-22 |
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CN104350330A (zh) | 2015-02-11 |
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