Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
  • F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
  • F16K11/10—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with two or more closure members not moving as a unit
  • F16K11/14—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with two or more closure members not moving as a unit operated by one actuating member, e.g. a handle
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
  • F16K5/00—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary
  • F16K5/04—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary with plugs having cylindrical surfaces; Packings therefor
  • F16K5/0407—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary with plugs having cylindrical surfaces; Packings therefor with particular plug arrangements, e.g. particular shape or built-in means
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
  • F02B29/00—Engines characterised by provision for charging or scavenging not provided for in groups F02B25/00, F02B27/00 or F02B33/00 - F02B39/00; Details thereof
  • F02B29/04—Cooling of air intake supply
  • F02B29/0406—Layout of the intake air cooling or coolant circuit
  • F02B29/0418—Layout of the intake air cooling or coolant circuit the intake air cooler having a bypass or multiple flow paths within the heat exchanger to vary the effective heat transfer surface
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
  • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
  • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
  • F02M26/22—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with coolers in the recirculation passage
  • F02M26/23—Layout, e.g. schematics
  • F02M26/25—Layout, e.g. schematics with coolers having bypasses
  • F02M26/26—Layout, e.g. schematics with coolers having bypasses characterised by details of the bypass valve
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
  • F16K1/00—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
  • F16K1/16—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces with pivoted closure-members
  • F16K1/18—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces with pivoted closure-members with pivoted discs or flaps
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
  • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
  • Y10T137/8593—Systems
  • Y10T137/87265—Dividing into parallel flow paths with recombining
  • Y10T137/8741—With common operator
  • Y10T137/87442—Rotary valve

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a fluid circulation valve intended more particularly, but not exclusively, to equip the fluid circulation systems associated with internal combustion engines, whether they be gasoline or diesel, vehicles, especially motor vehicles.
• Such valves may have various functionalities and, for example, when they are provided on turbocharged diesel engines, they may be used to meter the amount of air supplied into the engine intake line, or to derive a portion exhaust gas circulating in the exhaust line and send it towards the inlet line, in particular for the purpose of treatment of nitrogen oxides. This is called recirculated exhaust gas.
• the valves according to the invention thus relate, in particular, the valves for the circulation of gas.
• the recirculated exhaust gas circuits it is known to use heat exchangers, said recirculated exhaust gas cooler, for lowering the temperature of said gases.
• heat exchangers said recirculated exhaust gas cooler
• the recirculated exhaust gas circuits therefore comprise a cooled path provided with the heat exchanger and a non-cooled path, bypassing the cooled path.
• recirculated exhaust gas circuits comprising a first valve for dosing the amount of recirculated exhaust gas and a second valve for directing the gas to the cooled track or to the uncooled track. It is understood that such circuits have disadvantages in that they require two separate valves.
• charge air coolers There is a similar situation in the intake lines of the engine. Indeed, in these, it is known to use charge air coolers. However, in some cases of operation, it is not necessary to cool the intake gases. It is then interesting to be able to circulate them to the engine without passing through the cooler.
• the intake gas circuits therefore comprise a cooled track provided with the charge air cooler and a non-cooled track, bypassing the cooled track.
• the object of the present invention is to overcome these drawbacks and concerns a fluid circulation valve, comprising a body capable of being traversed by said fluid, and a first and a second closure means, arranged in series, in the direction of flow of the fluid in said body and which can occupy each, by rotation of said means relative to said body, different angular positions, said valve further comprising a kinematic for driving said shutter means from a single motor d actuation, said valve being configured to allow:
• said valve is further configured to allow, on a third and / or fourth angular range of said first closure means, a closure of an inlet passage of said valve,
• the third and fourth beaches alternate with the first and second beaches
• said body comprises a first housing for the first closure means and a second housing for the second closure means, said first and second exit passages opening, in particular axially, into said second housing,
• said inlet passage opens into said first housing, in particular radially,
• said body comprises a passage for the fluid connecting, in particular radially, said first and second housing, said intermediate passage.
• said kinematics, said body and said first and / or second shutter means are configured to allow a rotation of said first and / or second shutter means over more than 360 °
• said kinematics, said body and said first and / or second closure means are configured to allow rotation of said first and / or second shutter means in both directions.
• the first and / or second closure means each comprise at least one closure portion arranged in an inclined plane, respectively relative to said first and / or second housing, and cooperating with a wall side of the corresponding housing by a peripheral generator so as to ensure a tight contact between the first and / or the second sealing means, on the one hand, and the body, on the other hand, in at least one angular position.
• the shutter portion can also turn 360 ° and will ensure sealing with the side wall of the housing through the continuous contact between them, given by the inclination of the closure portion with the housing wall, this that said shutter portion rotates in one direction or the other. It will also be possible, depending on the configuration of the valve, to have several closed positions, for example two positions separated by 180 °, sealed on the entire periphery of the flap.
• Said inclined part of the first and / or second closure means is shaped, for example, into a rotating disk whose peripheral edge constitutes the generatrix of contact with the side wall of the corresponding housing so as to ensure cylinder-to-cylinder contact.
• the projection of the rotating disc inclined along the axis of rotation in the cylindrical housing is circular and the disk cooperates perfectly with the side wall thereof of corresponding section. Note the simplicity of realization of the inclined portion of shutter which further allows, as said above, to avoid leakage in the closed position of the disc.
• Said inclined shutter portion may form an angle of substantially 45 ° with the axis of the corresponding housing of the body.
• Said first and / or said second closure means comprises, for example, a control rod which is connected to the inclined portion to drive it in rotation and which is arranged in the axis of said corresponding housing, passing through the center of said inclined portion.
• This rod thus simply carries the disk end, so that this embodiment of the closure means is freed from the axis usually extending along the flap and causing assembly difficulties and the risk of leakage and damage. interference related to misalignment. Indeed, the flap is no longer in the plane of its rotation shaft, which reduces the interference between these two parts. In addition, the flap, by its symmetry, can be mounted indifferently in both directions without resorting to a foolproof.
• said rod and said inclined portion of the closure means may be made in one piece, or fixedly assembled to one another by overmoulding, welding, gluing, fastening element, etc.
• the rod On the opposite side to the inclined portion of closure, the rod is mounted, in particular, in a guide bearing integral with the body and / or is connected, at the output thereof, to a drive means for rotating said kinematics .
• Said control rods of the first and second shutter means may be parallel to each other.
• Said inlet passage and said intermediate passage for said fluid open, for example, substantially radially relative to said first housing with the first closure means, separating them in at least one of its angular positions.
• Said inlet passage and said intermediate fluid passage are, in particular, coaxial and perpendicular to the axis of said first housing.
• Said inlet passage and said intermediate fluid passage are, for example, circular and the diameters thereof are smaller than a small axis of the disc of the corresponding inclined portion, provided cooperating by its edge with the side wall of the first housing .
• Figure 1 is a schematic sectional elevational view of an embodiment of the valve according to the invention.
• FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic sectional view taken from line II-II of FIG.
• FIGS. 3 to 5 show the degree of opening, respectively, of an inlet channel, a first outlet channel and a second outlet channel of the valve of FIG. 1, as a function of the position angular of its sealing means.
• Figure 6 is an elevational view of a first housing and the corresponding closure means of the valve of Figure 1.
• FIG. 7 shows, in perspective, the interior of the housing of FIG.
• FIG. 8 shows in perspective the closure means of FIG. 6.
• FIGS. 9 to 12 respectively represent, in cross-section, the positions of said closure means in opening positions of 90 °, 45 ° and 5 °. and closing 0 ° or 180 °.
• Figures 13 and 14 show graphs respectively showing the contact area of said shutter means in the closed position and maximum opening on the housing of the body of said valve above, shown flat.
• the fluid circulation valve according to the invention is intended to ensure the metering of the air introduced into the intake line of a heat engine, in particular Diesel, with the understanding that it could have any other function, in particular a recirculated exhaust gas metering function.
• said fluid circulation valve comprises a body 2 capable of being traversed by said fluid, and first and second closure means 3, 3 'disposed in said body 2.
• 3 and second 3 'closure means are located in series in the direction of flow of the fluid F.
• said valve is configured so that the flow of fluid in said body is first determined by said first means of shutter 3 and then by the second shutter means 3 '.
• Said shutter means 3, 3 ' can each occupy, by rotation of said means 3, 3' with respect to said body 2, different positions angular.
• a first angular position of the first closure means 3 is shown in solid lines and the other in dashed lines.
• Said valve further comprises a kinematic 20.
• said kinematics makes it possible to drive said shutter means 3, 3 'from a single actuation motor, not shown.
• Said kinematics comprises any means known to those skilled in the art such as, in particular, toothed wheels cooperating with pinions of the closure means 3, 3 'and / or said actuating motor.
• said valve is configured to allow:
• valve which allows the fluid to be dosed independently in two distinct directions, using a unique kinematic and actuating motor.
• Said valve may also be configured to allow, on a third angular range 34 and / or a fourth angular range of said first closure means 3, a closure of an inlet passage 6 of said valve.
• the third 34 and fourth angular ranges alternate with the first 30 and second 32 angular ranges.
• said angular areas 30, 32, 34 of said first closure means 3 correspond to angular ranges of said second actuating means 3.
• an angular position of said first means shutter 3 corresponds to an angular position of said second shutter means 3 'and reciprocally.
• a degree of opening of the input channel 6 corresponds to one and only degree of opening of the first output channel 40 and to one and only one degree of opening of said second output channel 42.
• Said kinematics may be configured to drive the second shutter means 3 'in the opposite direction of said first shutter means 3, for example by means of a return wheel.
• Said first, second, third and fourth angular ranges represent, for example, a rotation of 90 °.
• the degree of opening of the inlet passage 6 as a function of the angular position 30 of said first shutter means 3 is illustrated in FIG. 3.
• the first angular range is traversed by said shutter means 3 by a rotation in a first direction of said first shutter means 3 from an original angular position O.
• the inlet passage 6 passes, in a linear progression, a closed position for said original angular position at a full open position at the end of the range.
• the third angular range 34 is traversed by a rotation of said first shutter means 3 in the opposite direction from said original angular position O. In this range, the inlet passage 6 remains closed.
• the second angular range 32 is traversed by a further rotation of said first shutter means 3, the inlet passage 6 then passing, in a linear progression, from a closed position to a fully open position at the end of the range.
• the degree of opening of the first outlet passage 40 as a function of the angular position of said second closure means 3 ' is illustrated in FIG. 4.
• said second closure means 3 When said first closure means 3 is in its first angular range 30, said second closure means 3 'leaves open said first outlet passage 40.
• said second closure means 3' Conversely, when said first closure means 3 is in its second angular range 32, said second closure means 3' keeps closed said first passage of 40.
• said third angular range 34 intermediate, of said first shutter means 3, the second shutter means 3 'passes, in a linear progression, a opening position of the first outlet passage 40, for said original angular position, at a closed position of said first outlet passage 40, at the end of the range.
• the degree of opening of the second outlet passage 42 as a function of the angular position of said second shutter means 3 ' is illustrated in FIG. 5.
• said second shutter means 3' is closure means keeps said second outlet passage 42 closed.
• said second closure means 3 ' leaves open said second exit passage 42
• first output channel 40 is closed when the second output channel is open. Conversely, the second output channel 40 is closed when the first output channel is open.
• said first, second and third angular ranges are contiguous.
• said body 2 here comprises a first housing 4 for the first sealing means 3 and a second housing 4 'for the second sealing means 3 .
• Said inlet passage 6 opens into said first housing 4.
• Said first 40 and second 42 outlet passages open into said second housing 4 ', here axially.
• Said body 2 further comprises a passage 44, said intermediate, for the fluid connecting said first 4 and second 4 'housing.
• said first shutter means 3 and / or said second shutter means 3 ' may comprising a cylindrical plug, provided with fluid passages coming or not in correspondence of said inlet passages 6, intermediate 44 and / or outlet 40, 42.
• FIGS. 6 to 14 show another embodiment of said shutter means, in this case said first shutter means 3, in relation to the corresponding housing 4.
• Said housing is delimited by a side wall 5.
• This inner housing can be likened to a bore.
• the inlet passage 6 and the intermediate passage 44 are, for example, aligned one with the other. compared to each other. They have here a longitudinal axis X perpendicularly intersecting the axis A of the housing 4, and have identical diameters.
• the internal cylindrical housing 4 is totally closed by a transverse bottom 9 at one of its ends, while at its opposite end there is a transverse cover 10 extending by an axial bore 12. it is crossed by the closure means 3 which cooperates with said kinematic, not shown, managed by a control unit known per se to drive in rotation about the axis A, the shutter means 3.
• the latter here has an inclined portion of closure 14 and a connecting rod 15.
• the inclined portion 14 is shaped as an elliptical flap 16, rotatable, arranged in a plane inclined relative to the axis A of the housing 4 and centered on said axis A, so that its peripheral edge 17 is in constant contact with the side wall 5 of the housing 4 so as to isolate the inlet passage 6 and the intermediate passage 44 in at least one given angular position of the means shutter to interrupt the flow of fluid, or to put in fluid communication the inlet passage 6 and the intermediate passage 44 with an adjustable flow rate according to the angular opening given to the shutter.
• This peripheral edge 17 thus constitutes a generatrix G always in sealed contact with the side wall 5 of the housing.
• inclined is meant strictly between 0 ° and 90 °.
• overlap is meant a part having two surfaces inclined with respect to the axis A and connected by the peripheral edge 17.
• the said inclined surfaces are optionally parallel to each other.
• the piece has a small thickness, namely a distance between said inclined surfaces much smaller than the diameter of the housing 4, in particular ten times lower. This is, for example, a rotating elliptical disc.
• the flap 16 has an elliptical shape greater than the axis of the diameter of the circular housing 4 and small axis substantially less than the diameter of the circular housing 4.
• the diameter of the circular housing 4 is also greater than the identical diameters of the passageways. inlet 6 and intermediate 44 of fluid.
• the connecting rod 15 is arranged along the axis A of the housing, so as to be centered on the inclined disk, with the angle B between the inclined plane of the disk and the axis A here equal to 45 °.
• the major axis of the disc 16 is substantially equal to the housing diameter multiplied by V2.
• This contact can be defined as being a cylinder / cylinder contact between the wall 5 of circular section of the housing 4 and the generator G corresponding to the peripheral edge 17 of the inclined disc 16 and which is circular in projection on a plane perpendicular to the axis of shutter rotation.
• the small axis of the flap 16 may be substantially greater than the diameter of the inlet passages 6 and intermediate 44 of fluid.
• the rod 15 is associated, at one of its ends, with the disk 16, by assembly or overmolding, or it is formed with the disk, so as to 3.
• the disc 16 may be plastic and the rod 15 metal or vice versa, or both may be plastic or metal according to the monobloc or composite embodiment chosen.
• the other end of the rod passes through the axial hole 12 of the body 2 via a guide bearing 18 ( Figure 9 to 12), integral with said body 2, to be connected to said kinematics.
• the inclined disc 16 of the closure means 3 isolates the inlet passage 6 from the intermediate passage 44, preventing the circulation of the fluid through the valve 1.
• the peripheral edge 17 of the inclined disc 16 cooperates with sealing and completely with the side wall 5 of the cylindrical housing 4, in the manner of a partition separating the housing into two separate internal chambers and sealed, each facing one of the inlet passages 6 and intermediate 44 of fluid passage.
• This angular position of the inclined disc 16 and therefore of the closure means 3 corresponds to a closure of the valve 1 with the point of origin, a zero angular rotation of 0 ° of the shutter means 3.
• the closure means 3 via its rod 15, has been rotated by + 90 ° in the clockwise direction about the axis A, so that the inclined disk 16 has rotated in the housing 4 to be in a plane substantially parallel to the inlet passages 6 and intermediate 44 of the body 2 of the valve.
• the peripheral edge 17 is no longer in full contact with the side wall 5 of the housing, but only partially since opposite portions of the edge 17 are opposite the inlet passages 6 and intermediate 44.
• the inclined disc 16 may also occupy a position symmetrical to the previous one, that is to say that the shutter means has rotated, under the action of the drive device, of -90 ° in the counterclockwise direction relative to the closed position of 0 °.
• the inclined disc 16 is parallel to the inlet passages 6 and intermediate 44, providing maximum flow to the second housing 4 'where it will be directed into the other outlet passages.
• An intermediate position of the closure means 3 is illustrated by way of example with reference to FIG. 10, which position corresponds to a rotation of + 45 ° of the inclined disc 16 about the axis A.
• the edge 17 of the disc is then partly opposite the inlet passages 6 and intermediate 44, putting them in communication for the passage of fluid under a medium flow.
• the graphs of FIGS. 13 and 14 clearly show the position of the inclined disc 16 according to the height (mm) of the side wall 5 of the housing, which wall of 360 ° is developed from -180 ° to + 180 ° to be represented in FIG. plan.
• the inclined disk 16 occupies the fully open position of the valve, that is to say with a rotation of +/- 90 ° of the shutter means 3.
• the peripheral edge 17 in the form of a sinusoid shifted by ⁇ / 2 with respect to FIG. 1 1) then largely passes (reference P1) through the inlet 6 and intermediate passages 44, in the middle of these . Only the other part (reference P2) of the edge 17 remains in contact with the side wall 5 of the housing, which shows the full opening of the valve 1 for a maximum fluid flow, through it.
• Such a valve therefore ensures sealing in both directions of closure by the adaptation of the inclined disc in the circular housing (cylinder-cylinder contact). Said disk can also be driven over 360 °. It can still, by its symmetry, be mounted indifferently in both directions without fooling in the body of the valve. In addition, since the edge of the disc moves linearly on the cylindrical wall, this makes it possible to prevent clogging between the disc and the wall and to ensure self-cleaning of the valve, which is beneficial when the latter is an EGR valve.
• said second closure means 3 ' can be made, for example, identically to what has just been mentioned.
• Said intermediate passage 44 opens here radially into said second housing 4 '.
• the disc 14 of said second rotation means 3 deflects the flow which passes from a radial orientation by opening said intermediate passage 44 in said second housing 4' to an axial orientation to penetrate into said first outlet passage 40 from said second housing 4 '.
• said disk 14 of said second rotation means 3 ' occupies a position symmetrical to the preceding one and deflects the flow which passes from a radial orientation by opening said intermediate passage 44 in said second housing 4' to an axial orientation to enter said second output passage 42, provided opposite the first, from said second housing 4 '.
• Said second closure means 3 'therefore plays essentially a role of deflector.
• the housings 4, 4 ' may be parallel to each other, as well as the control rods 15 of the first 3 and second 3' corresponding closure means.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Multiple-Way Valves (AREA)
• Lift Valve (AREA)
• Sliding Valves (AREA)
• Exhaust-Gas Circulating Devices (AREA)
• Control Of Throttle Valves Provided In The Intake System Or In The Exhaust System (AREA)

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• 2012
  • 2012-05-15 FR FR1254436A patent/FR2990742B1/fr active Active
• 2013
  • 2013-05-07 US US14/401,133 patent/US9404595B2/en active Active
  • 2013-05-07 CN CN201380033468.4A patent/CN104412017B/zh active Active
  • 2013-05-07 WO PCT/FR2013/051019 patent/WO2013171411A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2013-05-07 KR KR1020147034958A patent/KR20150010984A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2013-05-07 JP JP2015512101A patent/JP6242871B2/ja active Active
  • 2013-05-07 EP EP13728441.0A patent/EP2850349B1/de active Active

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