WO2013168853A1 - 실리콘계 음극 활물질의 제조 방법, 리튬 이차전지용 음극 활물질 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 - Google Patents
실리콘계 음극 활물질의 제조 방법, 리튬 이차전지용 음극 활물질 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
- H01M4/0471—Processes of manufacture in general involving thermal treatment, e.g. firing, sintering, backing particulate active material, thermal decomposition, pyrolysis
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/1395—Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on metals, Si or alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/02—Silicon
- C01B33/021—Preparation
- C01B33/023—Preparation by reduction of silica or free silica-containing material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
- H01M4/0402—Methods of deposition of the material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/134—Electrodes based on metals, Si or alloys
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
- H01M4/386—Silicon or alloys based on silicon
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/021—Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/027—Negative electrodes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- a method of manufacturing a silicon-based negative electrode active material, a negative electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery, and a lithium secondary battery comprising the same.
- Lithium secondary batteries have attracted attention as power sources for driving electronic devices.
- Graphite is mainly used as a negative electrode material of a lithium secondary battery, but it is difficult to increase the capacity of a lithium secondary battery because the capacity per unit mass of graphite is as small as 372 mAh / g.
- Examples of the negative electrode material that exhibits a higher capacity than graphite include materials that form an intermetallic compound with lithium such as silicon, tin, and their oxides.
- Silicon which is known to be the most promising element for higher capacity, has been known to be difficult to amorphize silicon itself by itself and difficult to amorphize alloys containing silicon as a main component.
- Another problem of such a silicon-based negative electrode active material is that the crystal has high brittleness. If the crystallinity of the crystal increases, cracks are rapidly generated inside the negative electrode active material at any moment in the course of repeating the insertion and desorption processes with lithium, so that the lifetime characteristics of the battery may be deteriorated in an instant.
- the present invention also provides a method for producing a silicon-based negative electrode active material.
- the porous silica can be obtained from diatomite.
- Coating the porous silica on the metal thin film may include coating the water soluble polymer and the porous silica on the metal thin film.
- the water-soluble polymer may be polyethylene oxide, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyacrylic acid, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethyleneimine or a combination thereof.
- the step of coating the water-soluble polymer and the porous silica on the metal thin film may be such that the water-soluble polymer is coated on the interface between the metal thin film and the porous silica.
- the metal thin film may be an aluminum metal thin film, a magnesium metal thin film, a calcium metal thin film, or a combination thereof.
- a pattern may be formed on the surface of the metal thin film.
- the pattern may be in the form of a stripe.
- the pattern may be formed at intervals of 1 to 100 mu m.
- the step of coating the porous silica on the metal thin film may be performed by a roll to roll method.
- the plurality of units may exist.
- the heat treatment temperature may be 700 to 950 ° C. More specifically from 750 to 900 < 0 > C.
- a negative active material for a lithium secondary battery comprising the porous silicon obtained according to the above-described production method.
- a negative electrode comprising a negative electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery as described above; A cathode comprising a cathode active material; And a lithium secondary battery comprising the electrolyte.
- a separator may be further provided between the anode and the cathode.
- the present invention can provide a lithium secondary battery having improved cycle life by buffering the volume expansion of silicon during charging and discharging by using the method of manufacturing a silicon based negative active material according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a lithium secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a SEM photograph of the porous silica and the porous silicon according to Example 1.
- 3 is XRD data for each step according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the cycle characteristics of the coin cell according to the second embodiment
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing the cycle characteristics of the coin cell according to the second comparative example.
- 6 is a 3D view of a pattern formed on the surface of the metal thin film.
- FIG. 7 is a SEM photograph of a surface of a metal thin film having a pattern formed on its surface.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a method of roll-to-roll coating porous silica on a metal thin film.
- the lithium secondary battery can be classified into a lithium ion battery (hereinafter referred to as a " lithium secondary battery "), a lithium ion polymer battery, and a lithium polymer battery depending on the type of the separator and electrolyte used. Dolls, pouches, etc., and can be divided into a bulk type and a thin film type depending on the size. The structure and the manufacturing method of these cells are well known in the art, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- a lithium secondary battery is formed by laminating a cathode, an anode, and a separator one after another, and then winding the battery in a spiral wound state.
- the negative electrode includes a current collector and a negative active material layer formed on the current collector, and the negative active material layer includes a negative active material.
- the negative electrode active material includes a material capable of reversibly intercalating / deintercalating lithium ions, a lithium metal, an alloy of lithium metal, a material capable of doping and dedoping lithium, or a transition metal oxide.
- any carbonaceous anode active material commonly used in lithium ion secondary batteries can be used as the carbonaceous material.
- Typical examples thereof include crystalline carbon , Amorphous carbon, or a combination thereof.
- Examples of the crystalline carbon include graphite such as natural graphite or artificial graphite in the form of amorphous, plate-like, flake, spherical or fibrous type.
- Examples of the amorphous carbon include soft carbon (soft carbon) Or hard carbon, mesophase pitch carbide, fired coke, and the like.
- a lithium-metal alloy may be selected from the group consisting of lithium, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr, Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Si, Sb, Pb, In, Zn, Ba, An alloy of a selected metal may be used.
- Si As the material capable of being doped and dedoped into lithium, Si, SiO x (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 2) and Si-Q alloy (Q is an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a Group 13 element, a Group 14 element, and an element selected from the group consisting of, Si is not), Sn, SnO 2, Sn-R (where R is an alkali metal, alkaline earth metals, group 13 elements, group 14 elements, transition metals, rare earth elements and And an element selected from the group consisting of combinations thereof, but not Sn), and at least one of them may be mixed with SiO 2 .
- Q is an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a Group 13 element, a Group 14 element, and an element selected from the group consisting of, Si is not
- Sn, SnO 2, Sn-R where R is an alkali metal, alkaline earth metals, group 13 elements, group 14 elements, transition metals, rare earth elements and And an element selected from the group consisting of combinations
- the element Q and the element R may be at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra, Sc, Y, Ti, Zr, Hf, Rf, V, Nb, Ta, Db, Cr, Mo, W, Sg, Pb, Pt, Cu, Ag, Au, Zn, Cd, B, Al, Ga, Sn, In, Ti, Ge, P, As, Sb, Bi, S, Se, Te, Po, and combinations thereof. At least one of them may be mixed with SiO 2 .
- transition metal oxide examples include vanadium oxide, lithium vanadium oxide, and the like.
- such crystalline carbon can be obtained from a carbon material or a mesophase pitch fiber produced through a carbonizing step and a graphitizing step from mesophase spherical particles, and a carbonization step and a graphitization step from the mesophase pitch fiber
- the graphite fiber produced by the above process is preferable.
- a method for manufacturing a silicon-based negative electrode active material in the negative electrode active material may be provided.
- the present invention also provides a method for producing a silicon-based negative electrode active material.
- the silicon-based anode active material produced by the method of manufacturing the anode active material according to an embodiment of the present invention may be mixed with the above-described different types of anode active materials and used for a cathode of a lithium secondary battery.
- the silicon based negative active material tends to be fragile due to the volume expansion of silicon when the battery is charged and discharged.
- the silicon based anode active material according to one embodiment of the present invention can buffer the silicon volume expansion during charging and discharging using the porous structure of silica. From this, the cycle characteristics of the battery can be improved.
- the manufacturing method according to one embodiment of the present invention is simpler than the conventional top-down type silicon surface etching method or bottom-up type silicon growing method and has a higher yield A silicon-based negative electrode active material can be produced.
- the silicon based anode active material according to an embodiment of the present invention has advantages over conventional processes in terms of pore control and uniformity.
- the production method can produce porous silicon through oxidation-reduction reaction of a metal thin film and porous silica.
- the reduction reaction of silica is shown in the following Reaction Scheme 1.
- An aluminum thin film was used as an example of the metal thin film.
- the porous silicon can be obtained through a reaction in which silica is reduced to silicon and aluminum is oxidized to aluminum oxide as in the oxidation reaction.
- porous silicon and aluminum oxide are mixed.
- the aluminum oxide can be removed by selective etching of aluminum oxide by separating it.
- hydrochloric acid (HCl: Hydrochloric acid) having a concentration of 5M to 11.6M is stirred at a temperature ranging from 25 ° C to 130 ° C.
- phosphoric acid H 3 PO 4 : Phosphoricacid
- H 3 PO 4 Phosphoricacid
- hydrofluoric acid (HF) of 1.73M to 5.75M is stirred at 25 ° C to 50 ° C.
- the method may be a single step or a combination. After the aluminum oxide is removed, a silicon powder can be obtained by applying a vacuum filtration method.
- the porous silica can be obtained from diatomite.
- the diatomite is formed by precipitating a single cell called diatom.
- the diatomaceous earth is formed of a myriad of porous materials, and its main component is silica.
- Coating the porous silica on the metal thin film may include coating the water soluble polymer and the porous silica on the metal thin film.
- the water-soluble polymer may serve to connect the interface between the silica and the metal thin film. Through this, it is possible to prevent trapping of air and the like between the silica and the metal thin film, and at the same time, the silica and the metal thin film can effectively react with each other, thereby increasing the redox reaction and increasing the yield.
- the water-soluble polymer may be polyethylene oxide, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyacrylic acid, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethyleneimine or a combination thereof, but is not limited thereto.
- the water-soluble polymer is oxidized during the high-temperature reaction and disappears in the course of filtration because acid is used as a main solution in the process of removing aluminum oxide.
- a pattern may be formed on the surface of the metal thin film. Due to the presence of the pattern, the contact surface area of the silica and the metal thin film can be increased. The reduction reaction rate of the silica can be increased due to the increase of the surface area.
- the shape of the pattern is not limited, but may be a strained shape. Any pattern can be used as long as the surface area of the metal thin film can be increased.
- the pattern may be formed at intervals of 1 to 100 mu m. When the above range is satisfied, the reduction reaction of the silica can be effectively performed.
- a general etching method such as a wet etching method, a dry etching method, and a photo etching method can be used.
- the metal thin film may be an aluminum metal thin film, a magnesium metal thin film, a calcium metal thin film, or a combination thereof. But not limited to, metal capable of oxidation-reduction reaction of metal and silica.
- FIG. 6 is a 3D view of a pattern formed on the surface of the metal thin film.
- the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the formation of the pattern shown in FIG.
- the pattern of FIG. 6 is merely an example of various patterns.
- FIG. 7 is a SEM photograph of a surface of a metal thin film having a pattern formed on its actual surface. Various types of surface patterns as shown in Fig. 7 can be formed.
- the pattern may be adjusted according to the thickness of the metal thin film, and may be in the form of a honeycomb, a regular hexagon, a zigzag, a regular interval, a hole or the like. Also, the depth of the pattern may be about 5 to 20 ⁇ ⁇ , and the spacing of the pattern may be 1 to 100 ⁇ ⁇ .
- heat treating the metal thin film and the porous silica to reduce the porous silica to porous silicon wherein the heat treatment temperature may be 750 to 900 ° C.
- the heat treatment temperature can be controlled according to the metal thin film used. For example, at a temperature slightly higher than the melting temperature of the metal. Specifically, for example, it may be 750 to 900 ° C for an aluminum thin film, and 750 to 800 ° C for a magnesium thin film.
- the step of coating the porous silica on the metal thin film may be performed by a roll to roll method.
- a plurality of the units may exist when the porous metal-coated metal thin film is viewed as one unit.
- a plurality of units such as a " metal thin film-silica-metal thin film-silica " may be continuously included in a roll-to-roll system so that the plurality of units can be heat-treated at the same time.
- the manufacturing efficiency of the final silicon can be improved.
- Figure 8 is a schematic view showing a method of roll-to-roll coating the porous silica on the metal thin film.
- Figure 8 is one example of various coating methods of the present invention, and one embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the method.
- a negative electrode active material comprising porous silicon according to the above manufacturing method.
- the negative electrode active material may include porous silicon and other common negative electrode active materials.
- the negative electrode of the lithium secondary battery includes a current collector and a negative electrode active material layer formed on the current collector, and the negative electrode active material layer includes a negative electrode active material.
- the negative electrode active material layer also includes a binder, and may optionally further include a conductive material.
- the binder serves to adhere the anode active material particles to each other and to adhere the anode active material to the current collector.
- a water-insoluble binder, a water-soluble binder, or a combination thereof may be used as the binder.
- water-insoluble binder examples include polyvinyl chloride, carboxylated polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl fluoride, a polymer containing ethylene oxide, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyurethane, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride , Polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamideimide, polyimide, or a combination thereof.
- water-soluble binder examples include styrene-butadiene rubber, acrylated styrene-butadiene rubber, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium polyacrylate, propylene and olefin copolymers having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, (meth) acrylic acid and (meth) Copolymers or combinations thereof.
- a water-soluble binder When a water-soluble binder is used as the negative electrode binder, it may further include a cellulose-based compound capable of imparting viscosity.
- a cellulose-based compound capable of imparting viscosity.
- carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, alkali metal salts thereof or the like may be used in combination.
- alkali metal Na, K or Li can be used.
- the content of the thickener may be 0.1 to 3 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the binder.
- the conductive material is used for imparting conductivity to the electrode. Any conductive material can be used without causing any chemical change in the battery. Examples of the conductive material include natural graphite, artificial graphite, carbon black, acetylene black, Carbon-based materials such as black and carbon fiber; Metal powders such as copper, nickel, aluminum, and silver, or metal-based materials such as metal fibers; Conductive polymers such as polyphenylene derivatives; Or a mixture thereof may be used.
- the collector may be selected from the group consisting of a copper foil, a nickel foil, a stainless steel foil, a titanium foil, a nickel foam, a copper foil, a polymer substrate coated with a conductive metal, and a combination thereof.
- the anode includes a current collector and a cathode active material layer formed on the current collector.
- a compound capable of reversibly intercalating and deintercalating lithium (a lithiated intercalation compound) can be used.
- at least one of complex oxides of metal and lithium selected from cobalt, manganese, nickel, and combinations thereof may be used.
- a compound represented by any one of the following formulas may be used.
- Li a A 1-b X b D 2 (0.90? A? 1.8, 0? B? 0.5); Li a A 1-b X b O 2 -c D c (0.90? A? 1.8, 0? B? 0.5, 0? C? 0.05); LiE 1-b X b O 2 -c D c (0 ⁇ b ⁇ 0.5, 0 ⁇ c ⁇ 0.05); LiE 2-b X b O 4 -c D c (0? B? 0.5, 0? C? 0.05); Li a Ni 1- b c Co b X c D ? (0.90? A? 1.8, 0? B? 0.5, 0? C? 0.05, 0 ⁇ ??
- Li a NiG b O 2 (0.90? A? 1.8, 0.001? B? 0.1); Li a CoG b O 2 (0.90? A? 1.8, 0.001? B? 0.1); Li a MnG b O 2 (0.90? A? 1.8, 0.001? B? 0.1); Li a Mn 2 G b O 4 (0.90? A? 1.8, 0.001? B? 0.1); Li a MnG b PO 4 (0.90? A? 1.8, 0.001? B?
- A is selected from the group consisting of Ni, Co, Mn, and combinations thereof;
- X is selected from the group consisting of Al, Ni, Co, Mn, Cr, Fe, Mg, Sr, V, rare earth elements and combinations thereof;
- D is selected from the group consisting of O, F, S, P, and combinations thereof;
- E is selected from the group consisting of Co, Mn, and combinations thereof;
- T is selected from the group consisting of F, S, P, and combinations thereof;
- G is selected from the group consisting of Al, Cr, Mn, Fe, Mg, La, Ce, Sr, V, and combinations thereof;
- Q is selected from the group consisting of Ti, Mo, Mn, and combinations thereof;
- Z is selected from the group consisting of Cr, V, Fe, Sc, Y, and combinations thereof;
- J is selected from the group consisting of V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, and combinations thereof.
- a compound having a coating layer on the surface of the compound may be used, or a compound having a coating layer may be mixed with the compound.
- the coating layer may comprise at least one coating element compound selected from the group consisting of oxides, hydroxides of coating elements, oxyhydroxides of coating elements, oxycarbonates of coating elements, and hydroxycarbonates of coating elements.
- the compound constituting these coating layers may be amorphous or crystalline.
- the coating layer may contain Mg, Al, Co, K, Na, Ca, Si, Ti, V, Sn, Ge, Ga, B, As, Zr or a mixture thereof.
- the coating layer forming step may be carried out by any of coating methods such as spray coating, dipping, and the like without adversely affecting the physical properties of the cathode active material by using these elements in the above compound. It is a content that can be well understood by people engaged in the field, so detailed explanation will be omitted.
- the cathode active material layer also includes a binder and a conductive material.
- the binder serves to adhere the positive electrode active material particles to each other and to adhere the positive electrode active material to the current collector.
- Typical examples thereof include polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, diacetyl cellulose, polyvinyl Polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyurethane, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyethylene, polypropylene, styrene-acrylonitrile, styrene-butadiene rubber, Butadiene rubber, acrylated styrene-butadiene rubber, epoxy resin, nylon, and the like, but not limited thereto.
- the conductive material is used for imparting conductivity to the electrode. Any conductive material can be used without causing any chemical change in the battery. Examples of the conductive material include natural graphite, artificial graphite, carbon black, acetylene black, Metal powders such as black, carbon fiber, copper, nickel, aluminum, and silver, metal fibers, and the like, and conductive materials such as polyphenylene derivatives may be used alone or in combination.
- Al As the current collector, Al may be used, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the negative electrode and the positive electrode are prepared by mixing an active material, a conductive material and a binder in a solvent to prepare an active material composition and applying the composition to an electric current collector.
- the method of manufacturing the electrode is well known in the art, and therefore, a detailed description thereof will be omitted herein.
- the solvent N-methylpyrrolidone or the like can be used, but it is not limited thereto.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte includes a non-aqueous organic solvent and a lithium salt.
- the non-aqueous organic solvent serves as a medium through which ions involved in the electrochemical reaction of the battery can move.
- a separator may exist between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
- the separator may be a polyethylene / polypropylene double layer separator, a polyethylene / polypropylene / polyethylene triple layer separator, a polypropylene / polyethylene / poly It is needless to say that a mixed multilayer film such as a propylene three-layer separator and the like can be used.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows a representative structure of the lithium secondary battery of the present invention.
- the lithium secondary battery 1 includes a positive electrode 3, a negative electrode 2, and a battery 4 including an electrolyte solution impregnated in the separator 4 existing between the positive electrode 3 and the negative electrode 2, And a sealing member (6) for sealing the battery container (5).
- the thin film and the silica are coated in a roll-to-roll manner so that the weight ratio of the porous silica and the metal thin film is 3: 1.8 (g), and the heat treatment reaction is performed in the tubular reactor.
- the thickness of the silica film to be coated on the thin film may be several hundred micrometers ( ⁇ ) to several millimeters (mm).
- the surface of the thin film used at this time may be patterned at intervals of 1 to 100 ⁇ .
- the depth of the formed pattern can be 1 to several tens of micrometers deep.
- the reaction is carried out at a temperature in the range of 700 to 950 ° C, and the reaction time is within 3 to 12 hours. After the reaction, the aluminum oxide and the porous silicon are mixed.
- the aluminum oxide formed after the heat treatment process can be removed in the manner described above.
- a silicon powder can be obtained by applying a vacuum filtration method.
- the powder After the powder is obtained, the powder may be finally dried using a vacuum oven to be used as a cathode material.
- the water-soluble polymer is removed during the high-temperature reaction, and the remaining polymer, which may remain because the acid is used as the main solution in the aluminum oxide removal process, is also removed.
- a coin type (2016 R-Type) cell was fabricated using the silicon anode material synthesized in Example 1 and a lithium metal thin film as the anode.
- the electrodes were combined and compressed using a separator made of polyethylene having a thickness of 20 mu m, and then an electrolyte solution was injected to prepare a coin cell battery.
- a coin-type (2016 R-Type) cell was prepared using the negative electrode material and the lithium metal thin film as the anode.
- the electrodes were combined and compressed using a separator made of polyethylene having a thickness of 20 mu m, and then an electrolyte solution was injected to prepare a coin cell battery.
- FIG. 2 is a SEM photograph of the porous silica and the porous silicon according to Example 1.
- Figs. 2 (a) and 2 (b) are SEM photographs of the porous silica
- Figs. 2 (c) and 2 (d) are SEM photographs of the porous silicon.
- 3 is XRD data for each step according to the first embodiment.
- the X-axis in FIG. 3 is an arbitrary scale, meaning no unit, and the position of a relative peak can have a meaning.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the cycle characteristics of the coin cell according to the second embodiment
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing the cycle characteristics of the coin cell according to the second comparative example.
- Example 2 a capacity of 1300 mAh / g is realized at 0.1 C rate, and a reversible capacity of about 1000 mAh / g or more can be realized even at 0.2 C rate.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (14)
- 다공성 실리카(SiO2)및 금속박막을 준비하는 단계;상기 금속박막 상에 상기 다공성 실리카를 코팅하는 단계;상기 금속박막 및 상기 다공성 실리카를 열처리하여, 상기 다공성 실리카를 다공성 실리콘으로 환원시키는 단계; 및상기 다공성 실리콘을 수득하는 단계;를 포함하는 실리콘계 음극 활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 다공성 실리카는 규조토(diatomite)로부터 얻어진 것인 실리콘계 음극 활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 금속박막 상에 상기 다공성 실리카를 코팅하는 단계;는,상기 금속박막 상에 수용성 고분자 및 다공성 실리카를 코팅하는 단계;인 것인 실리콘계 음극 활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제3항에 있어서,상기 수용성 고분자는 폴리에틸렌옥사이드,폴리비닐피롤리돈, 폴리아크릴산, 폴리비닐알콜, 폴리에틸렌이민 또는 이들의 조합인 것인 실리콘계 음극 활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제3항에 있어서,상기 금속박막 상에 수용성 고분자 및 다공성 실리카를 코팅하는 단계;는,상기 금속박막과 상기 다공성 실리카의 계면에 상기 수용성 고분자가 코팅되는 단계인 것인 실리콘계 음극 활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 금속박막은 알루미늄 금속박막, 마그네슘 금속박막, 칼슘 금속박막 또는 이들의 조합인 것인 실리콘계 음극 활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 금속박막의 표면에 패턴이 형성된 것인 실리콘계 음극 활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제7항에 있어서,상기 패턴은 1 내지 100㎛ 간격으로 형성된 것인 실리콘계 음극 활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 금속박막 상에 상기 다공성 실리카를 코팅하는 단계;는 롤투롤(roll to roll) 방식에 의해 수행되는 것인 실리콘계 음극 활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 금속박막 상에 상기 다공성 실리카를 코팅하는 단계;에서,상기 다공성 실리카가 코팅된 금속박막을 하나의 단위로 볼 때, 상기 단위가 복수로 존재하는 것인 실리콘계 음극 활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 금속박막 및 상기 다공성 실리카를 열처리하여, 상기 다공성 실리카를 다공성 실리콘으로 환원시키는 단계;에서,상기 열처리 온도는 750 내지 900℃인 것인 실리콘계 음극 활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 따라 수득된 다공성 실리콘을 포함하는 리튬 이차전지용 음극 활물질.
- 제12항에 따른 리튬 이차전지용 음극 활물질을 포함하는 음극;양극 활물질을 포함하는 양극; 및전해질을 포함하는 리튬 이차전지.
- 제13항에 있어서,상기 양극과 상기 음극 사이에 세퍼레이터를 더 구비하는 것인 리튬 이차전지.
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EP12876512.0A EP2849267A4 (en) | 2012-05-08 | 2012-08-31 | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING NEGATIVE ELECTRODE ACTIVE MATERIAL BASED ON SILICON, NEGATIVE ELECTRODE ACTIVE MATERIAL FOR LITHIUM SECONDARY BATTERY, AND LITHIUM SECONDARY BATTERY CONTAINING SAID ACTIVE MATERIAL |
CN201280073448.5A CN104508871A (zh) | 2012-05-08 | 2012-08-31 | 制备硅系负极活性物质的方法、用于锂二次电池的负极活性物质和包括其的锂二次电池 |
US14/399,333 US9660254B2 (en) | 2012-05-08 | 2012-08-31 | Method for producing silicon-based negative electrode active material, negative electrode active material for lithium secondary battery, and lithium secondary battery comprising same |
JP2015511334A JP5991726B2 (ja) | 2012-05-08 | 2012-08-31 | シリコン系負極活物質の製造方法、リチウム二次電池用負極活物質およびこれを含むリチウム二次電池 |
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KR1020120048713A KR101396489B1 (ko) | 2012-05-08 | 2012-05-08 | 실리콘계 음극 활물질의 제조 방법, 리튬 이차전지용 음극 활물질 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 |
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CN115117327A (zh) * | 2022-08-25 | 2022-09-27 | 溧阳天目先导电池材料科技有限公司 | 一种低膨胀硅基复合材料及其制备方法和应用 |
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US20150050816A1 (en) * | 2013-08-19 | 2015-02-19 | Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute | Method of electrochemically preparing silicon film |
CN104310404B (zh) * | 2014-09-28 | 2016-05-25 | 中国科学技术大学 | 从矿物水热合成硅纳米粉的方法、其产品及应用 |
CN107611318B (zh) * | 2017-09-04 | 2019-06-11 | 吉林大学 | 一种硅藻土涂覆无纺布锂离子电池隔膜及其制备方法 |
US12034157B2 (en) | 2019-03-08 | 2024-07-09 | Lg Energy Solution, Ltd. | Sulfur-doped silicon negative electrode material, method for producing same, lithium secondary battery negative electrode including negative electrode material, and lithium secondary battery comprising negative electrode |
KR102397296B1 (ko) | 2019-10-10 | 2022-05-13 | 한국에너지기술연구원 | 리튬 프리도핑 된 SiOx 입자의 제조 방법 |
CN111509216A (zh) * | 2020-04-28 | 2020-08-07 | 江西昌大高新能源材料技术有限公司 | 一种锂离子电池多孔硅薄膜负极结构及其制备方法 |
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EP2849267A4 (en) | 2015-12-30 |
JP5991726B2 (ja) | 2016-09-14 |
US20150140426A1 (en) | 2015-05-21 |
EP2849267A1 (en) | 2015-03-18 |
CN104508871A (zh) | 2015-04-08 |
KR101396489B1 (ko) | 2014-05-19 |
KR20130125173A (ko) | 2013-11-18 |
US9660254B2 (en) | 2017-05-23 |
JP2015520919A (ja) | 2015-07-23 |
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