WO2013167249A1 - Mesure de niveau de remplissage pour sels fondus - Google Patents

Mesure de niveau de remplissage pour sels fondus Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013167249A1
WO2013167249A1 PCT/EP2013/001306 EP2013001306W WO2013167249A1 WO 2013167249 A1 WO2013167249 A1 WO 2013167249A1 EP 2013001306 W EP2013001306 W EP 2013001306W WO 2013167249 A1 WO2013167249 A1 WO 2013167249A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
container
level
sensor
fülistandssensor
fill level
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2013/001306
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Andrew Lochbrunner
Original Assignee
Linde Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Linde Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO2013167249A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013167249A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
    • G01F23/24—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of resistance of resistors due to contact with conductor fluid
    • G01F23/241—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of resistance of resistors due to contact with conductor fluid for discrete levels
    • G01F23/242—Mounting arrangements for electrodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
    • G01F23/26—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields
    • G01F23/263—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields by measuring variations in capacitance of capacitors
    • G01F23/268—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields by measuring variations in capacitance of capacitors mounting arrangements of probes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/0034—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material
    • F28D2020/0047—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material using molten salts or liquid metals

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a level sensor, which is adapted to measure a level in a container with a molten salt, a level measuring device with a corresponding level sensor and a control unit, a container with such a level measuring device and the use of a mica-containing material as an insulator in a level sensor.
  • Salt melts with temperatures of up to 600 ° C are suitable as heat carriers in a wide variety of chemical processes.
  • the focus here is on classic applications that work at a high temperature level, for example in melamine or aluminum oxide production.
  • salt mixtures with a melting point of about 142.degree. C. are used.
  • Salt melts in addition to liquid metals, are the only heat carriers for temperatures above about 400 ° C.
  • Other heat carriers such as thermal oils, can generally no longer be used in these temperature ranges.
  • molten salts are also advantageous in lower temperature ranges compared to thermal oils, since the latter have a relatively high vapor pressure and are highly flammable.
  • suitable as heat transfer salts are, for example, sodium and potassium nitrates. Such salts have a higher heat storage capacity than thermal oils and are significantly cheaper.
  • Salt melts are also used as heat carriers in solar thermal energy, for example in so-called parabolic trough power plants.
  • sunlight is focused by suitable concave mirrors on an absorber tube.
  • a heat transfer medium flows through the absorber tube and is heated accordingly.
  • the heat can be released, for example, in a downstream steam generator to a water-steam cycle and converted by steam turbines and generators into electricity.
  • the efficiency of power generation depends largely on the maximum paint working temperature of the heat carrier used. The higher its temperature, the better the utilization of the steam turbine.
  • molten salts can also be used for heat storage.
  • a suitable molten salt can be heated up to 565 ° C during the day by solar radiation, and at night, just like a battery, it can release the stored heat.
  • salt melts with a melting temperature of 220 to 240 ° C are used.
  • a corresponding filling level should preferably be monitored automatically, so that, for example, falling below a minimum level can be detected and signaled simply and reliably.
  • Salt melts in solar thermal applications for example, are often pumped from cold to hot areas and vice versa, so that the fill levels present in the respective containers can change rapidly and faults must be detected.
  • a mechanical or hydrostatic level measurement is often not possible due to the high temperatures of 565 ° C and more in molten salt. For this reason, conventional conductive measuring probes are also only of limited suitability for level measurement. However, a reduction in the temperature for level measurement is also not without problems, since the salt melts can thereby partially solidify. This leads to unreliable values.
  • the present invention therefore has as its object to provide a way of measuring the level of molten salt at high temperature.
  • the invention proposes a level sensor adapted for measuring a level in a molten salt container, a level measuring device with a corresponding level sensor and a control unit, a container with such a level measuring device, and the use of a mica-containing material as an insulator in a level sensor the characteristics of the pending claims.
  • Preferred embodiments are subject of the dependent claims and the following description.
  • An inventive level sensor is set up to measure a level in a container with a molten salt. It has an at least partially electrically conductive measuring sensor and a fastening structure by means of which the filling level sensor can be fastened to the container. At least one insulating structure is arranged between the measuring sensor and the fastening structure.
  • This according to the invention has a mica-containing material.
  • Minerals of the mica group, or mica for short are phyllosilicates with the chemical composition DG 2 , 3 [TO 10 ] X2.
  • D denotes a 12-coordinate cation (K, Na, Ca, Ba, Rb, Cs, NH 4 + )
  • G a 6-coordinate cation (Li, Mg, Fe 2+ , Mn, Zn, Al, Fe 3+ , Cr, V, Ti)
  • T is a 4-coordinate cation (Si, Al, Fe 3+ , B, Be)
  • X is an anion (OH “ , F “ , Cl “ , O 2" , S 2 ").
  • mica are constructed layered and parallel to the layer packets cleavable.
  • the melting point of muscovite, so-called light or clay mica is at 1320 ° C
  • mica materials are stable at temperatures of 600 ° C and more.
  • level sensors are generally known as capacitive and / or conductive sensors, but have hitherto hardly been suitable for use in salt melts. This is due, in particular, to the fact that the materials used are generally not suitable for use with the high temperatures of molten salts.
  • level sensors of the type described could in principle be formed with ceramic insulators, which likewise have sufficient temperature resistance.
  • such level sensors are only partially suitable for use in salt melts, in particular for use in storage tanks in solar thermal energy, since relatively large sensors must be used in this case due to the large volumes of the containers.
  • ceramics proves to be too fragile.
  • the invention provides a filling level sensor which can be formed both thermally resistant and unbreakable and is therefore particularly suitable for use in solar thermal energy.
  • a micaceous material has proven, which is formed as a muscovite or phlogo- pit restroomr composite material.
  • Composite materials have so-called reinforcing materials, which are impregnated, for example, with synthetic resins and then cured under heat and pressure.
  • reinforcing materials in such composites for example, cellulose paper, mica paper, fabrics such as cotton, glass, carbon, synthetic fibers and / or glass slabs are known.
  • mica materials is particularly advantageous in the context of the invention.
  • resins which may be used are polyester, epoxide, phenolic, polyimide, silicone, melamine, vinyl ester, and / or cyanate ester resins. Silicone can be used in particular within the scope of the invention.
  • a filling level sensor according to the invention advantageously comprises an insulating structure which encloses at least a part of the measuring sensor coaxially at least partially. This allows a corresponding area of a probe to be isolated from surrounding structures, thereby avoiding erroneous measurements. This is of particular importance in molten salts.
  • a filling level sensor advantageously has a measuring sensor which is designed as a closable tube which can be filled with a fluid and / or partially evacuated. This results in a weight saving.
  • a corresponding fill level sensor is advantageously designed as a conductive fill level sensor.
  • a corresponding production of capacitive level sensors is possible in principle.
  • An illustrated level sensor can also be operated optionally as a capacitive or conductive level sensor by being controlled by a corresponding control unit in each case suitable.
  • a conductive level sensor can be designed very simply and operated as a so-called "level switch”. If such a conductive level sensor immerses in a conductive liquid, a signal is output.
  • a fill level measuring device has at least one previously explained fill level sensor and a control unit, which is set up to apply a voltage between the at least one fill level sensor and the container and / or to detect a current.
  • a level measuring device may be formed with two level sensors, which are arranged at different heights and / or their sensors have different lengths. As a result, e.g. a minimum and maximum level are detected.
  • An inventive container is adapted to receive a molten salt and has a level measuring device as previously explained. Such a container therefore benefits from the advantages explained above.
  • a corresponding container is designed as a storage container of a solar thermal system and therefore can be filled with molten salt, which reaches the previously explained temperatures.
  • the advantages of the invention result from the use of a mica-containing material in a corresponding insulating structure in a filling level sensor, for which protection is therefore also desired.
  • Figure 1 shows a level sensor according to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention in a schematic representation.
  • FIG. 2 shows a container according to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention in a schematic representation.
  • corresponding elements with identical reference numerals are given. A repeated explanation is omitted.
  • FIG. 1 a filling level sensor according to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention is shown in a schematic illustration in longitudinal section and denoted overall by 1.
  • the level sensor 1 has an elongated sensor 11, which is shown shortened in the figure.
  • the measuring sensor 11 may, for example, be designed as a closable tube with a tube wall 111 and an interior space 112 which can be filled and / or evacuated with a fluid and be closable by means of a closure 113.
  • a material for the probe for example, stainless steel can be used.
  • the sensor 11 may be connected to a fastening structure 2, which is not explained here in more detail, which may also be made of stainless steel.
  • the attachment structure 12 has fastening screws 121, a cover cap 122 and / or a stopper 123, for example.
  • the insulating structures 131, 132 and / or 133 may be made of a mica-containing material. At least one insulating structure 131 can thereby coaxially surround the measuring sensor 1 in an area shown shortened here. As a result, a secure insulation is ensured, so that only the tip of the probe 11 comes into contact with a molten salt.
  • FIG. 2 shows a container 2 which is equipped with a fill level measuring device designated by 10.
  • the container 2 is for receiving a molten salt 21 furnished.
  • the molten salt 21 can, as illustrated in FIG. 2 by dashed lines, be present at different heights in the container.
  • the levels 211 and 212 correspond, for example, a minimum and a maximum level.
  • a minimum fill level 211 is exceeded, a sensor 11 of a first fill level sensor 1 L is immersed in the molten salt 21.
  • a sensor 11 of a second level sensor H does not initially contact the molten salt.
  • the measuring sensor 1 of the second level sensor 1 H is also immersed in the molten salt 21.
  • a control unit 14 is designed to apply in each case a voltage between the first level sensor 1 L and the container 2 or the second level sensor 1 H and the container 2 via corresponding lines 141, 142 and 143 and to detect corresponding currents. When falling below a minimum level 211 in this case no current can be detected, since the circuits between the level sensors 1 H and 1 L and the container 2 are interrupted.
  • the control device 14 may be designed to output an underfill signal in this case. Between the minimum level 21 1 and the maximum level 212, a circuit between the first level sensor 1 L and the container 2 is closed. The control unit 14 may signal a normal operation in this case.
  • the control unit 14 may output an overfill signal in this case. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Levels Of Liquids Or Fluent Solid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un capteur de niveau de remplissage (1) qui est agencé pour permettre la mesure du niveau de remplissage dans un contenant (2) dans lequel se trouve un sel fondu, et un capteur de mesure (11) au moins partiellement électro-conducteur, ainsi qu'une structure fixation (12) permettant de fixer le capteur de niveau de remplissage (1) au contenant (2). Selon l'invention, entre le capteur de mesure (11) et la structure de fixation (12) est disposée au moins une structure isolante (131 - 133) qui présente un matériau contenant du mica. L'invention concerne également un dispositif de mesure de niveau de remplissage (10) comprenant le capteur de niveau de remplissage (1) correspondant et une unité de commande (14), un contenant (2) équipé du dispositif de mesure de niveau de remplissage (10) et l'utilisation d'un matériau contenant du mica en tant qu'isolant dans un capteur de niveau de remplissage (1).
PCT/EP2013/001306 2012-05-10 2013-05-02 Mesure de niveau de remplissage pour sels fondus WO2013167249A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201210009336 DE102012009336A1 (de) 2012-05-10 2012-05-10 Füllstandsmessung für Salzschmelzen
DE102012009336.5 2012-05-10

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2013167249A1 true WO2013167249A1 (fr) 2013-11-14

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PCT/EP2013/001306 WO2013167249A1 (fr) 2012-05-10 2013-05-02 Mesure de niveau de remplissage pour sels fondus

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DE (1) DE102012009336A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013167249A1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB327597A (en) * 1929-04-25 1930-04-10 Pierre Pairard Improvements in or relating to electric water-level indicators for boilers
GB1347669A (en) * 1972-02-02 1974-02-27 Gerdts Gustav F Kg Gauges for monitoring liquid levels
EP1076227A1 (fr) * 1999-08-12 2001-02-14 Abb Research Ltd. Dispositif de mesure du niveau de remplissage capacitif avec un revêtement diélectrique
US20010003615A1 (en) * 1998-02-19 2001-06-14 Mike Lester Mica tape splice and method of forming the same

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB327597A (en) * 1929-04-25 1930-04-10 Pierre Pairard Improvements in or relating to electric water-level indicators for boilers
GB1347669A (en) * 1972-02-02 1974-02-27 Gerdts Gustav F Kg Gauges for monitoring liquid levels
US20010003615A1 (en) * 1998-02-19 2001-06-14 Mike Lester Mica tape splice and method of forming the same
EP1076227A1 (fr) * 1999-08-12 2001-02-14 Abb Research Ltd. Dispositif de mesure du niveau de remplissage capacitif avec un revêtement diélectrique

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