WO2013150653A1 - 工具の測定方法および測定機能を有する工作機械 - Google Patents
工具の測定方法および測定機能を有する工作機械 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013150653A1 WO2013150653A1 PCT/JP2012/059573 JP2012059573W WO2013150653A1 WO 2013150653 A1 WO2013150653 A1 WO 2013150653A1 JP 2012059573 W JP2012059573 W JP 2012059573W WO 2013150653 A1 WO2013150653 A1 WO 2013150653A1
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- measurement
- contact
- blade
- plane
- tool
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/09—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool
- B23Q17/0904—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool before or after machining
- B23Q17/0914—Arrangements for measuring or adjusting cutting-tool geometry machine tools
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H9/00—Machining specially adapted for treating particular metal objects or for obtaining special effects or results on metal objects
- B23H9/08—Sharpening
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/004—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring coordinates of points
- G01B5/008—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring coordinates of points using coordinate measuring machines
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/004—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring coordinates of points
- G01B5/008—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring coordinates of points using coordinate measuring machines
- G01B5/012—Contact-making feeler heads therefor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/08—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring diameters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H2500/00—Holding and positioning of tool electrodes
- B23H2500/20—Methods or devices for detecting wire or workpiece position
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H7/00—Processes or apparatus applicable to both electrical discharge machining and electrochemical machining
- B23H7/02—Wire-cutting
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a tool measuring method and a machine tool having a measuring function for measuring the outer diameter and the like of a rotating tool.
- a measurement method in which a tool diameter of a rotary tool is obtained using a contact gauge that outputs an electrical signal corresponding to the displacement of a contact (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- a contact gauge is disposed in the vicinity of the rotary tool, and the rotary tool is rotated while a contact is in contact with the peripheral surface of the rotary tool. Based on the output value of the contact gauge at that time Determine the tool diameter.
- Patent Document 1 uses a contact gauge that can detect the displacement of the contact, and requires an expensive sensor.
- the present invention relates to a tool measuring method for measuring a dimension of a tool having a blade portion at an end portion of a flat surface portion using a contact-type measuring probe, wherein the contact points of the measuring probe are arranged at a plurality of points on the flat surface portion.
- a measurement procedure for obtaining a measurement value in contact with a measurement point a plane formula derivation procedure for obtaining a plane formula of a measurement plane including a plane portion based on the measurement value obtained by the measurement procedure, and a plane formula derivation procedure
- a blade portion derivation procedure for obtaining the position of the blade portion based on the position of the measurement probe when the contact of the measurement probe is brought into contact with the blade portion A probe moving procedure for moving the measuring probe from the outside of the blade portion toward the blade portion until the contact of the measuring probe contacts the blade portion along the measurement plane represented by
- a blade portion derivation procedure for obtaining the position of the blade portion based on the position of the measurement probe when the contact of the measurement probe is brought into contact with the blade portion.
- the machine tool having the measurement function of the present invention detects a contact-type measurement probe, a moving unit for moving the measurement probe relative to a tool having a blade at the end of the flat surface, and the position of the measurement probe.
- a detection unit that performs measurement a plane calculation unit that calculates a plane expression of a measurement plane including the plane unit, based on detection values when the contact of the measurement probe contacts a plurality of points on the plane unit, and a plane Move so that the measurement probe moves from the outside of the blade part toward the blade part until the contact of the measurement probe contacts the blade part along the measurement plane represented by the plane equation calculated by the expression calculation unit
- a movement control unit for controlling the unit, and a position calculation unit for calculating the position of the blade unit based on a detection value by the detection unit when the contact of the measurement probe is brought into contact with the blade unit, To do.
- FIG. 1 is a front view of a wire electric discharge machine that is an example of a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an example of a workpiece that is an object of the measurement method according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a modification of FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a view showing an attachment example in which a measurement probe is attached to the wire electric discharge machine of FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a procedure for measuring a workpiece dimension.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a measurement plane obtained by three-point measurement, which is one procedure of the measurement method according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a virtual plane passing through a plurality of center points of the contact.
- FIG. 8 is an enlarged view when the contact is moved to the measurement point.
- FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing a part of the control configuration of the wire electric discharge machine of FIG.
- FIG. 1 is a front view of the wire electric discharge machine 100 according to the present embodiment, and shows a machining state of the workpiece W.
- FIG. 1 a left-right direction (X-axis direction) and an up-down direction (Z-axis direction) are defined as shown, and a direction perpendicular to the left-right direction and perpendicular to the up-down direction (vertical direction on the paper surface) is defined as the front-rear direction (Y-axis direction).
- the front side is the front side of the page, and the rear side is the back side of the page.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an example of the workpiece W in FIG.
- the workpiece W is a rod-shaped rotary tool 10 such as an end mill or a reamer.
- the tool 10 includes a substantially cylindrical shank portion 11 and a tool portion 12 on the proximal end side and the distal end side along the tool axis L1 direction which is the tool rotation center.
- a groove 13 is formed in the tool portion 12 along the direction of the tool axis L1, and a thin cutting edge 14 such as a PCD (polycrystalline diamond) chip is attached to the processed surface of the groove 13 by brazing or the like.
- PCD polycrystalline diamond
- the end surface of the cutting blade 14 on the radially outer side of the tool 10 is formed obliquely from the upper surface to the lower surface (see FIG. 4), and an acute edge-shaped blade portion 14a is formed at the end of the upper surface of the cutting blade 14. ing.
- the blade portion 14 a protrudes outward in the axial direction from the tip surface of the tool portion 12 and protrudes radially outward from the outer peripheral surface of the tool portion 12, and defines the outermost portion of the tool 10.
- the cutting blade 14 is provided at one place in the circumferential direction (one blade), but a plurality of cutting blades 14 may be provided symmetrically in the circumferential direction. For example, rotating with a plurality of cutting blades 14 such as two (two blades) every 180 degrees, three (three blades) every 120 degrees, four (four blades) every 90 degrees, etc.
- a tool 10 can be formed.
- a plurality of cutting blades 14 can be provided apart in the axial direction as a stepped shape in which the tool portion 12 is tapered toward the tip in the axial direction.
- a work mounting base 2 is supported on the top of the bed 1.
- the work mounting base 2 has a pair of left and right side wall portions 2b extending upward from the base portion 2a, and a rotary indexing device 20 is installed on the upper surface of one side wall portion 2b.
- the rotary indexing device 20 is provided with a chuck 21 that holds a workpiece W along a horizontal axis L0 parallel to the X axis.
- the chuck 21 has a rotation axis L1 (FIG. 2) of the tool 10 and an axis L0.
- the shank part 11 of the tool 10 is attached in the matched state.
- the chuck 21 is driven to rotate about the axis L0 by a servo motor in the rotary indexing device, for example, and thereby the tool 10 can be indexed and positioned around the horizontal axis parallel to the X axis (hereinafter referred to as the C axis). .
- the processing tank 3 is provided on the bed 1 so as to surround the work mounting base 2 and the rotary indexing device 20.
- a processing liquid tank 4 is accommodated in the bed 1 below the processing tank 3. Water or oil is used as the processing liquid.
- a column 5 is erected on the rear side of the work mounting base 2, and a Y-axis slider 6 is supported on the top of the column 5 through a linear feed mechanism so as to be slidable in the Y-axis direction (front-rear direction).
- An X-axis slider 7 is supported on the Y-axis slider 6 through a linear feed mechanism so as to be slidable in the X-axis direction (left-right direction).
- a V-axis slider 22 that is movable in the V-axis direction parallel to the Y-axis is supported via a linear feed mechanism.
- a U-axis slider 23 that is movable in the U-axis direction parallel to the X-axis is supported on the front surface of the V-axis slider 22 via a linear feed mechanism.
- a quill 8 is supported on the front surface of the U-axis slider 23 so as to be movable up and down in the Z-axis direction (vertical direction) via a linear feed mechanism.
- Each of the X-axis, Y-axis, Z-axis, U-axis, and V-axis linear feed mechanisms includes, for example, a ball screw and a servomotor that rotationally drives the ball screw.
- the upper head 15 is attached to the lower end of the quill 8, and the lower head 16 is disposed below the upper head 15, that is, in the inner concave space 17 of the pair of left and right side walls 2b.
- a wire electrode 9 extends in the vertical direction between the upper head 15 and the lower head 16, and the wire electrode 9 is supported by the upper and lower heads 15 and 16.
- the wire electrode 9 is fed between the upper head 15 and the lower head 16 by a feeding means (not shown).
- a support arm 18 is integrally attached to the X-axis slider 7.
- the support arm 18 extends from the rear of the work mounting base 2 into the recessed space 17.
- the lower head 16 is supported by the front end portion of the support arm 18 and is integrally connected to the X-axis slider 7 via the support arm 18.
- the upper head 15 and the lower head 16 can move integrally in the front-rear and left-right directions, and the wire electrode 9 moves relative to the workpiece W in the X-axis and Y-axis directions orthogonal to the workpiece W while maintaining the vertical posture.
- the upper head 15 can be moved relative to the lower head 16 in the front-rear and left-right directions by the U-axis slider 23 and the V-axis slider 22, and the wire electrode 9 can be inclined at a desired angle with respect to the vertical line.
- the upper head 15 can also move in the Z-axis direction by moving the quill 8 up and down.
- the machining fluid is supplied from the machining fluid tank 4 into the machining tank 3 via a pump (not shown). Further, the wire electrode 9 is disposed at a minute interval from the workpiece W, and a pulse voltage is applied between the wire electrode 9 and the workpiece W from the machining power source. As a result, a discharge is generated between the workpiece W and the wire electrode 9, and the workpiece W is processed.
- Each feed mechanism described above has a position detector that detects the position of each axis.
- the amount of movement from the initial position of the upper head 15 and the lower head 16 and the amount of rotation from the initial position of the workpiece W can be detected by signals from these position detectors.
- the position of the reference point (for example, the point P1 at the lower end of the upper head 15) on the axis L2 (FIG. 4) passing through the center of the wire electrode 9 with respect to the origin P0 in the XYZ coordinate system (machine coordinate system) can be obtained.
- the reference point P1 is a point that serves as a reference when machining the workpiece, and can be set at another position on the axis L2.
- the origin P0 is set on the end face of the chuck 21 on the axis L0, for example.
- the operation of the wire electric discharge machine that is, the driving of the X-axis, Y-axis, Z-axis, U-axis, V-axis servomotor, C-axis servomotor, and the like is controlled by the control device 30 in FIG.
- the control device 30 includes an arithmetic processing device having a CPU, ROM, RAM, and other peripheral circuits, and includes a measurement control unit 31 that controls the operation during workpiece measurement, and a machining that controls the operation during workpiece machining. And a control unit 32.
- the measurement control unit 31 controls the operation of the measurement probe 34 (FIG. 4) attached integrally with the upper head 15, and measures the dimension of the cutting blade 14 before or after processing based on a signal from the measurement probe 34. .
- the processing control unit 32 outputs a control signal to each servo motor in accordance with a predetermined processing program, moves the wire electrode 9 relative to the workpiece W, and processes the blade portion 14a of the cutting blade 14 into a desired shape. To do.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of attachment of the measurement probe 34.
- a base body 36 is attached to the side surface of the upper head 15, and a base end portion of a support arm 37 is fixed to the base body 36.
- a measurement probe 34 is supported at the tip of the support arm 37 in the vertical direction.
- the measurement probe 34 has a spherical contact 34a at the tip (lower end). At the time of workpiece measurement, after the wire electrode 9 is removed from the vicinity of the workpiece, the measurement probe 34 is arranged so that the center point Pa of the contact 34a is located below the upper head 15 and substantially on the axis L2 of the wire electrode 9. .
- the radius r is measured in advance and stored in the memory.
- the measurement probe 34 Since the measurement probe 34 is provided integrally with the upper head 15, the measurement probe 34 can be moved to an arbitrary measurement point position on the workpiece surface by driving the servo motors for the X axis, the Y axis, and the Z axis.
- the measurement probe 34 outputs an ON signal when the contact 34a comes into contact with the workpiece surface, and outputs an OFF signal when it is separated from the workpiece surface.
- the rotary tool 10 machined by such a wire electric discharge machine 100 is attached to a spindle of a machining center, for example, and works a workpiece fixed on a table.
- a machining center for example
- the dimension of the blade portion 14a is measured as follows.
- Three-point measurement on the upper surface of the cutting blade In order to obtain a plane expression of the upper surface of the cutting blade 14, three points on the upper surface of the cutting blade 14 are measured using the measurement probe 34. In this case, using the three points P1, P2, and P3 on the cutting edge 14 shown in FIG. 2 as measurement points, the measurement probe 34 is sequentially brought into contact with these measurement points P1, P2, and P3 to obtain measurement values for the three points. get.
- XY coordinates of measurement points P1, P2, and P3 not on one straight line are set in advance, and the measurement probe 34 is moved on the XY coordinates above the cutting edge 14.
- the measurement probe 34 is lowered toward the measurement points P1, P2, and P3 as shown by an arrow Z in FIG. 5 until the measurement probe 34 contacts the measurement points P1, P2, and P3 and outputs an ON signal.
- the center points Pa of the contact 34a when the measurement probe 34 comes into contact with the measurement points P1, P2, and P3 are defined as P1 ′, P2 ′, and P3 ′, respectively.
- the positions (XYZ coordinates) of the center points P1 ', P2' and P3 ' can be obtained from the signal from the position detector when the ON signal is output. That is, the position (X1, Y1, Z1) of the center point P1 ′, the position (X2, Y2, Z2) of the center point P2 ′, and the position (X3, Y3, Z3) of the center point P3 ′ can be respectively obtained.
- the measurement position coordinates (for example, X1, Y1, Z1) of the center point Pa of the contact 34a are substituted into the variables X, Y, Z of the plane formula of the virtual plane PL ′ represented by the above formula (II), A constant D ′ is calculated.
- the absolute value of D ′ corresponds to the distance from the origin of the machine coordinate system to the virtual plane PL ′. Since the distance between the measurement plane PL and the virtual plane PL ′ is equal to the radius r of the contact 34a, by adding r to the distance D ′, the distance from the origin to the measurement plane PL, that is, the above formula (I ) Constant D can be obtained.
- a point on the blade portion 14a for obtaining the outer diameter of the tool 10 is defined as a measurement point Pb.
- the X coordinate of the measurement point Pb is E
- the center point Pa of the contact 34a is moved to the measurement start position Ps, and the center point Pa of the contact 34a is moved along the straight line La from there.
- the measurement start position Ps is set in advance at a position away from the axis L0 by a predetermined amount F in the Y direction.
- the predetermined amount F is set to a value (R0 + ⁇ ) larger than the design value R0 of the tool radius by a predetermined amount ⁇ .
- the predetermined amount ⁇ is a value larger than the design value R0 of the tool radius, for example.
- the measurement probe 34 is lowered from the first position by a predetermined amount ⁇ at the predetermined speed v2, and the center point Pa of the contact 34a is moved to the measurement start position Ps (second position).
- the speed v2 is lower than the speed v1, thereby preventing the contact 34a from contacting the tool 10 at a high speed during the movement of the contact 34a to the measurement start position Ps.
- the measurement probe 34 is linearly directed from the measurement start position Ps on the radially outer side of the tool 10 toward the inner measurement point Pb. Move along La.
- the movement command of the measurement probe 34 in the YZ direction is given by, for example, an incremental command.
- the position coordinate (i, j, k) of the reference point P1 in the machine coordinate system is determined by the signal from the position detector when the measurement probe 34 outputs the ON signal. Can be requested.
- the position coordinates (i, j, k) of the measurement point Pb are calculated by the following equation (V).
- the center Pa of the contact 34 of the measuring probe 34 moves from the outside of the tool 10 toward the blade portion 14a on the same plane as the upper surface of the cutting blade. Therefore, the contact 34 can be brought into contact with the blade portion 14a with high accuracy, and the measurement accuracy of the position of the blade portion 14a is improved.
- the procedures (3) to (7) can be automatically executed by the processing in the measurement control unit 31 (FIG. 1) of the control device 30. .
- FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing a control configuration related to workpiece dimension measurement of the wire electric discharge machine according to the present embodiment.
- Signals from the input device 41, the position detector 42 provided in the XYZ axis feed mechanism, and the measurement probe 34 are input to the measurement control unit 31.
- the measurement control unit 31 includes a movement control unit 31a that controls the movement of the servo motor 43, and a calculation unit 31b that executes the above-described calculation of the planar type and the outer peripheral blade size.
- the calculation result by the calculation unit 31 b is output to the display device 44.
- the input device 41 is configured by an input monitor such as a touch panel operated by a user, for example.
- the input information by the input device 41 includes constants R0, ⁇ , ⁇ for setting offset coordinates ( ⁇ X, ⁇ Y, ⁇ Z), radius r, measurement start position Ps of the contact 34a of the measurement probe 34, and the upper surface of the cutting blade.
- the XY coordinates of the measurement points P1, P2, P3, the X coordinate E for obtaining the outer peripheral edge dimensions, a measurement start command, and the like are included.
- the movement control unit 31a controls the servo motor 43 so that the contact 34a of the measurement probe 34 contacts the measurement points P1, P2, P3 on the upper surface of the cutting edge.
- the calculation unit 31b calculates the normal vector V and the unit normal vector of the virtual plane PL 'that passes through the three points, and calculates the plane formula (I) of the measurement plane PL that passes through the upper surface of the cutting edge. Further, an equation of a straight line La having a constant X coordinate passing through the measurement plane PL and passing through the measurement point Pb for obtaining the outer diameter dimension is calculated.
- the movement control unit 31a moves the center point Pa of the contact 34a to the measurement start position Ps on the straight line La represented by the above formula (III). Then, the servo motor 43 is controlled so that the center point Pa of the contact 34a moves from the measurement start point Ps toward the measurement point Pb on the upper end portion of the cutting edge along the straight line La.
- the movement command of the contact 34a in the YZ direction is given by an incremental command, and the direction of the contact 34a in this case is represented by the vector S in the above equation (IV).
- the calculation unit 31b calculates the outer peripheral blade size Ra of the blade part 14a based on the position of the contact 34a when the contact 34a contacts the measurement point Pb. More specifically, based on the position coordinates (i, j, k) of the reference point P1, offset amounts ⁇ X, ⁇ Y, ⁇ Z between the reference point P1 and the center point Pa of the contact 34a, and the inclination ⁇ of the measurement plane PL, The position coordinates (s, t, u) of the measurement point Pb are calculated by the equation (V). Furthermore, the outer diameter dimension Ra of the tool 10 is calculated by the above formula (VI), and the outer diameter dimension Ra is displayed on the display unit 44 (such as the touch panel of the input device 41).
- the outer peripheral blade size (tool outer diameter) of the blade portion 14a is constant along the axis L0. For this reason, as described above, by obtaining the coordinates of one measurement point Pb, the outer diameter dimension of the tool 10 over the entire blade portion 14a can be obtained. On the other hand, when the blade portion 14a is inclined with respect to the axis L0, the coordinates of the two measurement points Pb are obtained, and the outer diameter dimension of the tool 10 can be obtained by connecting the two points with a straight line.
- the measurement probe 34 is brought into contact with the three measurement points P1, P2 and P3 on the cutting edge, and the positions of the center points P1 ′, P2 ′ and P3 ′ of the contact 34a corresponding to the positions of these measurement points That is, the positions of the center points P1 ′, P2 ′, P3 ′ that are separated from the respective measurement points P1, P2, P3 by a predetermined distance r are obtained (measurement procedure). Then, the plane formula of the measurement plane PL on the upper surface of the cutting blade parallel to the virtual plane PL 'passing through the center points P1', P2 ', P3' was obtained (planar formula derivation procedure).
- the measurement probe 34 is moved from the outside of the blade portion 14a toward the blade portion 14a along the straight line La, and the measurement probe 34 is moved to the blade portion. 14a (probe moving procedure). Based on the position of the measurement probe 34 when the measurement probe 34 comes into contact with the blade 14a, the position of the blade 14a is obtained (blade position derivation procedure). As a result, even when the position (height) of the blade portion 14a is deviated from the axis L0, the center point Pa of the measurement probe 34 is positioned on the same plane as the upper surface of the cutting blade so as to contact the blade portion 14a. The outer diameter dimension of the tool 10 can be accurately measured using the measurement probe 34.
- the measurement probe 34 moves to the measurement points P1, P2, P3 on the cutting blade upper surface, the measurement probe 14 moves to the measurement point Pb on the blade portion 14a, and the cutting blade upper surface
- the calculation of the plane type, the calculation of the movement path (straight line La) of the measurement probe 34 from the measurement start point Ps outside the blade portion 14a to the measurement point Pb, the calculation of the outer peripheral blade size of the tool 10, and the like are automatically performed. As a result, workpiece dimensions can be measured easily and accurately.
- the measurement probe 34 is moved by the servo motor 43 for the XYZ axes, but the configuration of the moving unit is not limited to this.
- the measurement probe 34 is brought into contact with the three measurement points P1, P2 and P3 on the upper surface of the cutting edge to calculate the plane expression of the measurement plane PL.
- the plane equation can be calculated by measuring the upper surface positions of two cutting blades that are different in the radial direction.
- the positions of the center points P1 ′, P2 ′, and P3 ′ of the contact 34a when the contact 34a is brought into contact with a plurality of measurement points P1, P2, and P3 are acquired as measured values, and a virtual obtained by the measured values.
- the calculation procedure of the plane formula is not limited to this.
- the position of the center point Pa of the contact 34a when the contact 34a is brought into contact with a plurality of measurement points P1, P2, P3 is acquired as a measurement value, and the plane formula of the measurement plane PL is directly obtained. Also good.
- the configuration of the calculation unit 31b as the planar calculation unit is not limited to the above.
- the configuration of the movement control unit 31a is not limited to that described above. Absent. If the position of the blade 14a is calculated based on the position detection value when the measurement probe 34 is brought into contact with the blade 14a (measurement point Pb), the configuration of the calculation unit 31b as the position calculation unit is also described above. Not limited to things.
- the measuring method of the rotary tool 10 which has the blade part 14a in the edge part of the cutting blade 14 which is a planar plate member was demonstrated, if it has a blade part in the edge part of a plane part,
- the present invention can be applied not only to a tool having the cutting edge 14 but also to any tool, not only a rotating tool. Further, the present invention can be similarly applied to machine tools other than wire electric discharge machines such as machining centers.
- the present invention it is possible to accurately measure the dimensions of a tool having a blade at the end of a flat surface using a measurement probe that outputs an on / off signal according to contact or non-contact, and a measurement function. Can be constructed at low cost.
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Abstract
Description
まず、切刃14のYZ断面図である図5に示すように、ワーク表面の計測点位置、すなわち刃部14aの位置が回転割出装置の軸線L0とほぼ同一高さとなるように、ワークWをC軸周りに回転し、ワークWのC軸周りの初期角度を調整する。この調整作業では、刃部14aの位置を軸線L0の高さに厳密に一致させる必要はない。
さらに、リングゲージなどのマスターワークを用いて接触子34aの中心点Pa(図4)のオフセット座標(ΔX,ΔY,ΔZ)と接触子34aの半径rを計測する。なお、予め半径rが既知である場合、半径rの計測を省略してもよい。
切刃14の上面の平面式を求めるために、測定プローブ34を用いて切刃14上面の3点を計測する。この場合、図2に示す切刃14上の3点P1,P2,P3を計測点として、これら計測点P1,P2,P3に測定プローブ34を順次当接させて、3点分の計測値を取得する。
次に、図6に示すような切刃14の上面を含む測定平面PLの式、すなわち次式(I)で表される平面式を算出する。
AX+BY+CZ+D=0 ・・・(I)
この場合、まず、中心点P1’,P2’,P3’の計測位置座標を用いて、図7に示すように中心点P1’,P2’,P3’を通る3次元空間の仮想平面PL’の平面式を次式(II)で算出する。
ただし、A2+B2+C2=1かつC>0 ・・・(II)
切刃14の上面を含む測定平面PLと仮想平面PL’とは平行であるため、算出した単位法線ベクトルのXYZ成分は、上記(I)式の定数A,B,Cとなる。
図6に示すように、工具10の外径寸法を求める刃部14aの点を計測点Pbとする。この計測点PbのX座標をEとすると、計測点Pbを通る測定平面PL上に存在し、かつ、YZ平面に平行な直線Laの式は、上式(I)にX=Eを代入することで求めることができる。切刃14の外周寸法を測定する場合、まず、接触子34aの中心点Paを計測開始位置Psに移動し、そこから直線Laに沿って接触子34aの中心点Paを移動させる。
(Xs、Ys、Zs)=(E-ΔX、F-ΔY、-(AE+BF+D)/C-ΔZ) ・・・(III)
接触子34aの中心点Paを上式(III)の計測開始位置Psへ移動させる場合、まず、計測開始位置Paよりも所定量γだけ上方の第1の位置(Xs、Ys、Zs+γ)に、所定速度v1で移動させる。所定量γは、例えば工具半径の設計値R0よりも大きな値である。次いで、所定速度v2で第1の位置から所定量γだけ測定プローブ34を降下し、接触子34aの中心点Paを計測開始位置Ps(第2の位置)に移動させる。速度v2は速度v1よりも低速であり、これにより接触子34aの計測開始位置Psへの移動途中に、接触子34aが工具10に高速で接触することを防止できる。
次に、図5の矢印Sに示すように、測定プローブ34を工具10の径方向外側の計測開始位置Psから内側の計測点Pbに向けて、直線Laに沿って移動させる。YZ方向の測定プローブ34の移動指令は、例えばインクリメンタル指令により与えられる。測定プローブ34の移動方向のベクトルSは次式(IV)で表される。
S=(0、-F、F×B/C) ・・・(IV)
接触子34aが刃部14aに当接してオン信号を出力すると、測定プローブ34の移動を停止する。
測定プローブ34がオン信号を出力した際の位置検出器からの信号により、図8に示すように機械座標系の基準点P1の位置座標(i,j,k)を求めることができる。この位置座標(i,j,k)を用いて、次式(V)により計測点Pbの位置座標(s,t,u)を算出する。
Pb=(s、t、u)=(i-ΔX、j-r×cosθ-ΔY、k-r×sinθ-ΔZ) ・・・(V)
但し、tanθ=-B/Cである。したがって、刃部14aの位置によって定まる工具10の外径寸法Raは、上式(V)のt,uを用いて次式(VI)で求めることができる。
Ra=(t2+u2)1/2 ・・・(VI)
14 切刃
14a 刃部
31 計測制御部
31a 移動制御部
31b 演算部
34 測定プローブ
42 位置検出器
43 サーボモータ
100 ワイヤ放電加工機
P1~P3,Pα 計測点
PL 測定平面
Claims (5)
- 接触式の測定プローブを用いて、平面部の端部に刃部を有する工具の寸法を測定する工具の測定方法であって、
前記測定プローブの接触子を前記平面部上の複数の計測点に当接させて測定値を取得する測定手順と、
前記測定手順によって得られた測定値に基づき、前記平面部を含む測定平面の平面式を求める平面式導出手順と、
前記平面式導出手順によって求められた平面式で表される測定平面に沿って、前記測定プローブの接触子が前記刃部に当接するまで前記刃部の外側から前記刃部に向けて前記測定プローブを移動させる、プローブ移動手順と、
前記プローブ移動手順により前記測定プローブの接触子を前記刃部に当接させた際の前記測定プローブの位置に基づき、前記刃部の位置を求める刃部位置導出手順と、
を含むことを特徴とする工具の測定方法。 - 請求項1に記載の工具の測定方法において、
前記測定手順では、前記複数の計測点における接触子の中心点の位置を測定し、
前記平面式導出手順では、前記複数の接触子の中心点を通る仮想平面に基づき、前記仮想平面に平行な前記測定平面の平面式を求める工具の測定方法。 - 請求項1または2に記載の工具の測定方法において、
前記工具は、溝部に、前記刃部を有する平面状の板部材が取り付けられた回転工具であり、
前記刃部位置導出手順では、前記測定プローブの接触子を前記刃部に当接させた際の前記測定プローブの位置に基づき、前記刃部の外径を求める工具の測定方法。 - 請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の工具の測定方法において、
前記プローブ移動手順では、前記測定プローブの接触子を前記刃部の異なる2点に当接させ、
前記刃部位置導出手順では、その各々の前記測定プローブの位置に基づき、前記刃部の位置を求める工具の測定方法。 - 接触式の測定プローブと、
平面部の端部に刃部を有する工具に対して前記測定プローブを相対移動させる移動部と、
前記測定プローブの位置を検出する検出部と、
前記測定プローブの接触子が前記平面部上の複数点に当接した際の前記検出部による検出値に基づき、前記平面部を含む測定平面の平面式を演算する平面式演算部と、
前記平面式演算部によって演算された平面式で表される測定平面に沿って、前記測定プローブの接触子が前記刃部に当接するまで前記刃部の外側から前記刃部に向けて前記測定プローブが移動するように、前記移動部を制御する移動制御部と、
前記測定プローブの接触子を前記刃部に当接させた際の前記検出部による検出値に基づき、前記刃部の位置を演算する位置演算部と、
を備えることを特徴とした測定機能を有する工作機械。
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FR3053615B1 (fr) * | 2016-07-08 | 2018-07-27 | Precise France | Ensemble pour usinage d'une surface, comprenant un effecteur, destine a etre monte sur un bras de robot, et au moins un element d'appui de l'effecteur sur la surface et/ou sur l'outillage avec liaison rotule entre eux |
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