WO2013146921A1 - 視野角制限シート及びフラットパネルディスプレイ - Google Patents
視野角制限シート及びフラットパネルディスプレイ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013146921A1 WO2013146921A1 PCT/JP2013/059089 JP2013059089W WO2013146921A1 WO 2013146921 A1 WO2013146921 A1 WO 2013146921A1 JP 2013059089 W JP2013059089 W JP 2013059089W WO 2013146921 A1 WO2013146921 A1 WO 2013146921A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- light
- viewing angle
- light transmission
- limiting sheet
- angle limiting
- Prior art date
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
- G02B5/0205—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties
- G02B5/0236—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place within the volume of the element
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
- G02B5/0205—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties
- G02B5/0236—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place within the volume of the element
- G02B5/0242—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place within the volume of the element by means of dispersed particles
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
- G02B5/0273—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterized by the use
- G02B5/0278—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterized by the use used in transmission
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a viewing angle limiting sheet and a flat panel display.
- Flat panel displays are widely used as information display devices such as mobile phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), personal computers, and televisions.
- Such a flat panel display has an advantage that necessary information can be obtained at a desired place, for example, for a mobile phone or a portable information terminal.
- images displayed on such mobile phones and personal digital assistants are highly likely to be seen by third parties other than users depending on the location, and have privacy problems such as leakage of personal information.
- some flat panel displays are equipped with a touch panel to improve the user's operability and speed.
- a flat panel display equipped with such a touch panel is used in, for example, bank ATMs.
- bank ATMs When a user enters a personal identification number or personal information via the touch panel, Such information may be misused.
- This viewing angle control optical sheet has a first region that gives a narrow viewing angle to the display screen and a second region that gives a wide viewing angle to the display screen.
- the first region is characterized in that light transmitting portions made of a light transmitting material and light absorbing portions made of a light absorbing material are alternately arranged.
- This viewing angle control optical sheet can extract light in a certain angle range centered on light in the vertical direction and absorb light in the oblique direction by the light absorbing portion. Peeping can be prevented.
- this viewing angle control optical sheet has a problem that the front luminance is likely to be lowered because the light absorbing portions are arranged at regular intervals.
- the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and it is possible to suitably prevent leakage of personal information and the like from an oblique direction, and a viewing angle limiting sheet that can suppress a decrease in front luminance. And it aims at provision of a flat panel display provided with this viewing angle restriction sheet.
- the invention made to solve the above problems is Provided with an optical functional layer having a plurality of rectangular first light transmitting portions arranged in a multi-line shape and a second light transmitting portion having a rectangular cross section arranged between the first light transmitting portions. , At least one of the side surfaces of the first light transmitting portion and the second light transmitting portion facing each other is a viewing angle limiting sheet formed as a light scattering surface having a fine uneven shape.
- the viewing angle limiting sheet has a first light transmission part and a second light transmission part disposed between the first light transmission parts, and a side surface of the first light transmission part facing each other and the second light transmission part Since at least one side surface of the side surface of the light transmission part is formed as a light scattering surface, it is possible to emit a light beam incident at a predetermined angle from the back surface side after being diffused by the light scattering surface.
- the viewing angle limiting sheet can emit light that is incident substantially perpendicularly to the first light transmissive portion or the second light transmissive portion from the back surface side from the front surface side of the optical functional layer. .
- the viewing angle restriction sheet can display a clear image for the viewer (user) from the front direction and blur the displayed image for the viewer from the oblique direction.
- leakage of personal information and the like can be prevented. Since the viewing angle limiting sheet prevents leakage of personal information and the like by diffusing light incident at a predetermined angle from the back side by the light scattering surface, it is possible to suppress a decrease in front luminance. .
- the viewing angle limiting sheet may have an arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of the light scattering surface of 1.5 ⁇ m or more and 4 ⁇ m or less. Thereby, a light beam can be suitably diffused by the light scattering surface.
- Ra arithmetic average roughness
- the ratio of the ten-point average roughness (Rz) and the arithmetic average roughness (Ra) (Rz / Ra) of the light scattering surface is preferably 1 or more and 20 or less.
- the light scattering surface is provided at 2 / mm or more and 100 / mm or less per unit length in the vertical direction of the light scattering surface.
- the viewing angle limiting sheet has a haze value of at least one of the first light transmission part or the second light transmission part of 20% or less and a thickness (W) of the light transmission part having the haze value (W).
- the ratio (T / W) of T) is preferably 1 or more and 8.5 or less.
- the view angle limiting sheet may refractive index of the first light transmitting portion (n 1) and the refractive index of the second light transmitting portion (n 2) and is different. Thereby, a light beam can be suitably diffused by the light scattering surface.
- the view angle limiting sheet the absolute value of the difference between the refractive index of the first light transmitting portion (n 1) and the refractive index of the second light transmitting portion and the (n 2) (
- the side surface of the first light transmission part and the side surface of the second light transmission part may be in close contact. Thereby, the sharpness of the image in the front direction and the blurring degree of the image in the oblique direction can be suitably controlled.
- the first light transmission portion may include a light diffusing agent and a resin matrix.
- the light diffusibility by a 1st light transmissive part can be improved significantly.
- the first light transmission part has a light diffusing agent and a resin matrix, and the width (W 1 ) of the first light transmission part of the width (W 2 ) of the second light transmission part.
- the ratio (W 2 / W 1 ) is preferably 1.5 or more and 15 or less.
- the first light transmission part has a light diffusing agent and a resin matrix, and the ratio (T 1 / W) of the thickness (T 1 ) to the width (W 1 ) of the first light transmission part. 1 ) is preferably 4 or more and 40 or less.
- the first light transmission part has a light diffusing agent and a resin matrix, and the arrangement width of the first light transmission parts is 6 ⁇ m or more and 400 ⁇ m or less.
- the refractive index (n 5 ) of the resin matrix of the first light transmitting portion is larger than the refractive index (n 2 ) of the second light transmitting portion.
- the surface of the optical functional layer is preferably flush. Thereby, the emitted light can be easily controlled.
- the viewing angle limiting sheet can keep the thickness of the optical functional layer constant and improve the usability and optical uniformity.
- the viewing angle limiting sheet may be flush with the back surface of the optical function layer. Thereby, incident light can be easily controlled. In addition, the viewing angle limiting sheet can keep the thickness of the optical functional layer constant and improve the usability and optical uniformity.
- the viewing angle limiting sheet may have a protective layer formed on one surface side of the optical function layer. Thereby, intensity
- the viewing angle restriction sheet may be disposed on the surface side of the display panel of the flat panel display. Thereby, while displaying a clear image with respect to the viewer from the front direction, leakage of personal information etc. from the diagonal direction can be suitably prevented.
- the flat panel display made in order to solve the said subject is It is a flat panel display provided with the said viewing angle restriction sheet.
- the flat panel display can emit the light incident at a predetermined angle from the back side of the viewing angle limiting sheet after being diffused by the light scattering surface.
- light incident on the first light transmission part or the second light transmission part from the back surface side of the viewing angle restriction sheet substantially perpendicularly from the surface side of the optical functional layer is substantially perpendicular.
- the flat panel display can display a clear image for the viewer (user) from the front direction and blur the displayed image for the viewer from the oblique direction. Can prevent leakage of personal information.
- “arithmetic average roughness (Ra)” and “ten-point average roughness (Rz)” are values according to JIS B0601-2001.
- “Width” means an average length in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and perpendicular to the thickness direction of the sheet.
- the “thickness” refers to an average thickness measured according to JIS K7130.
- “Haze value” means a value measured according to JIS K7105.
- “Front side” means the viewer side in the flat panel display, and “back side” means the opposite side.
- the viewing angle limiting sheet of the present invention and the flat panel display including the viewing angle limiting sheet can suitably prevent leakage of personal information and the like from an oblique direction, and reduce the front luminance. Can be suppressed.
- FIG. 1 It is a typical sectional view showing a viewing angle restriction sheet concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows the spreading
- 1 has an optical functional layer 2 and a protective layer 3.
- the optical functional layer 2 has a plurality of rectangular first light transmitting portions 4 arranged in a multi-strip shape and a plurality of rectangular second light transmitting portions 5 arranged in a multi-strip shape. ing.
- the first light transmission parts 4 are arranged substantially in parallel with an interval, and the second light transmission part 5 is arranged between the first light transmission parts 4.
- the width (W 1 ) of the first light transmission portion 4 is formed smaller than the width (W 2 ) of the second light transmission portion 5.
- the front surface and the back surface of the optical functional layer 2 are formed flush with each other.
- the side surface of the first light transmission part 4 and the side surface of the second light transmission part 5 are formed in close contact with each other.
- the thickness of the optical functional layer 2 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 50 ⁇ m or more and 400 ⁇ m or less.
- the upper limit value of the thickness of the optical function layer 2 is more preferably 300 ⁇ m, and further preferably 200 ⁇ m.
- the lower limit value of the thickness of the optical functional layer 2 is more preferably 100 ⁇ m, and further preferably 150 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the optical function layer 2 exceeds the upper limit value, the light transmittance may be lowered, and the view angle limiting sheet 1 may be required to be thinned.
- the thickness of the optical function layer 2 is less than the lower limit value, the controllability with respect to the light incident from the back side is increased.
- the first light transmission part 4 Since the first light transmission part 4 is required to transmit light, the first light transmission part 4 is formed mainly of a transparent, particularly colorless and transparent synthetic resin. Although it does not specifically limit as a synthetic resin of the main component of the 1st light transmissive part 4, A thermoplastic resin is used suitably.
- the thermoplastic resin used as the main component of the first light transmission part 4 include polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, acrylic resin, polycarbonate, polystyrene, polyolefin, cellulose acetate, and weather resistant vinyl chloride. Among them, as the main component of the first light transmission part 4, polyethylene terephthalate or polycarbonate having high transparency and strength and easy birefringence control is preferable, and polyethylene terephthalate with improved bending performance is particularly preferable.
- an active energy ray curable resin is also used as the main component of the first light transmission part 4.
- an active energy ray-curable resin is used as the main component of the first light transmission part 4, it is easy to obtain a predetermined shape accuracy, and the physical strength is increased to improve the scratch resistance and prevent changes in optical properties. be able to.
- the active energy ray curable resin suitably used as the main component of the first light transmitting portion 4 include an ultraviolet curable resin.
- the ultraviolet curable resin examples include an ultraviolet curable urethane acrylate resin, an ultraviolet curable polyester acrylate resin, an ultraviolet curable epoxy acrylate resin, an ultraviolet curable polyol acrylate resin, and an ultraviolet curable epoxy resin. Of these, UV curable acrylate resins are preferred.
- the main component of the first light transmission part 4 is an ultraviolet curable resin
- a photopolymerization initiator examples include benzoin and its derivatives, acetophenone, benzophenone, hydroxybenzophenone, Michler's ketone, ⁇ -amyloxime ester, thioxanthone, and derivatives thereof.
- the content of the photopolymerization initiator is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less, and more preferably 3% by mass or more and 6% by mass or less with respect to the ultraviolet curable resin.
- content of a photoinitiator exceeds the said upper limit, there exists a possibility that the polymerization degree of ultraviolet curable resin may fall.
- the content of the photopolymerization initiator is less than the above lower limit, the curing reaction may not proceed sufficiently.
- the first light transmission part 4 includes a curing agent, a plasticizer, a dispersant, various leveling agents, an ultraviolet absorber, an antioxidant, a viscosity modifier, a lubricant, a light stabilizer, and the like as necessary. These additives may be appropriately blended.
- the first light transmitting portion 4 is formed as a light scattering surface having a fine uneven shape on the side surface facing the second light transmitting portion 5.
- the fine concavo-convex shape formed in the first light transmission portion 4 is formed on the entire side surface of the first light transmission portion 4 facing the second light transmission portion 5.
- Ra arithmetic mean roughness
- the upper limit value of the arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of the light scattering surface facing the second light transmission portion 5 of the first light transmission portion 4 is more preferably 3.8 ⁇ m, and further preferably 3.5 ⁇ m.
- the lower limit value of the arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of the light scattering surface facing the second light transmission portion 5 of the first light transmission portion 4 is more preferably 1.7 ⁇ m, and further preferably 2 ⁇ m.
- the arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of the light scattering surface is less than the lower limit, there is a high possibility that the light diffusibility is lowered.
- the wavelength of visible light 360 nm to 750 nm
- the light scattering surface of the first light transmitting portion 4 has a fine uneven shape having a size several times the wavelength, the interface of the fine uneven shape. It is possible to effectively diffuse light. In particular, the light diffusing effect is remarkably exhibited at a fine uneven interface of about 5 times the wavelength.
- the ten-point average roughness (Rz) of the light scattering surface facing the second light transmission portion 5 of the first light transmission portion 4 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1.5 ⁇ m or more and 40 ⁇ m or less.
- the upper limit value of the ten-point average roughness (Rz) of the light scattering surface facing the second light transmission portion 5 of the first light transmission portion 4 is more preferably 35 ⁇ m, and further preferably 30 ⁇ m.
- the lower limit of the ten-point average roughness (Rz) of the light scattering surface facing the second light transmission portion 5 of the first light transmission portion 4 is more preferably 1.7 ⁇ m, and further preferably 2 ⁇ m.
- the ratio (Rz / Ra) of the ten-point average roughness (Rz) and the arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of the light scattering surface facing the second light transmission portion 5 of the first light transmission portion 4 is not particularly limited. However, 1 or more and 20 or less are preferable.
- the upper limit of the ratio (Rz / Ra) of the ten-point average roughness (Rz) and the arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of the light scattering surface facing the second light transmission portion 5 of the first light transmission portion 4 is 15 More preferably, 10 is even more preferable.
- the ratio (Rz / Ra) of the ten-point average roughness (Rz) to the arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of the light scattering surface exceeds the above upper limit, the unevenness of the fine uneven shape increases, and a suitable diffusion distribution is obtained. The risk of not being obtained increases.
- the ten-point average roughness (Rz) of the light scattering surface facing the second light transmission portion 5 of the first light transmission portion 4 is compared with the arithmetic average roughness (Ra).
- the average pitch between the convex portions of the fine concavo-convex shape of the first light transmitting portion 4 is preferably 500 nm to 5 ⁇ m, and more preferably 1 ⁇ m to 3 ⁇ m. When the average pitch between the convex portions is out of the above range, there is a high possibility that a sufficient light diffusion function is not exhibited.
- the thickness (T 1 ) of the first light transmission part 4 is not particularly limited, but is generally the same as the thickness of the optical function layer 2.
- the second light transmission part 5 Since the second light transmission part 5 needs to transmit light, the second light transmission part 5 is formed of a transparent, particularly colorless and transparent synthetic resin as a main component. Although it does not specifically limit as a synthetic resin of the main component of the 2nd light transmissive part 5, The synthetic resin similar to the main component of the 1st light transmissive part 4 is mentioned.
- the additive compounded in the second light transmission part 5 is the same as the additive compounded in the first light transmission part 4.
- the second light transmission portion 5 is formed as a light scattering surface having a fine uneven shape on the side surface facing the first light transmission portion 4.
- the fine concavo-convex shape formed in the second light transmission part 5 is formed on the entire side surface of the second light transmission part 5 facing the first light transmission part 4.
- Ra arithmetic mean roughness
- the upper limit value of the arithmetic mean roughness (Ra) of the light scattering surface facing the first light transmission portion 4 of the second light transmission portion 5 is more preferably 3.8 ⁇ m, and further preferably 3.5 ⁇ m.
- the lower limit value of the arithmetic mean roughness (Ra) of the light scattering surface facing the first light transmitting portion 4 of the second light transmitting portion 5 is more preferably 1.7 ⁇ m, and further preferably 2 ⁇ m.
- the arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of the light scattering surface is less than the lower limit, there is a high possibility that the light diffusibility is lowered.
- the wavelength of visible light 360 nm to 750 nm
- the light scattering surface of the second light transmission part 5 has a fine uneven shape having a size several times the wavelength, the interface of the fine uneven shape. It is possible to effectively diffuse light. In particular, the light diffusing effect is remarkably exhibited at a fine uneven interface of about 5 times the wavelength.
- the ten-point average roughness (Rz) of the light scattering surface facing the first light transmission part 4 of the second light transmission part 5 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1.5 ⁇ m or more and 40 ⁇ m or less.
- the upper limit value of the ten-point average roughness (Rz) of the light scattering surface facing the first light transmitting portion 4 of the second light transmitting portion 5 is more preferably 35 ⁇ m, and further preferably 30 ⁇ m.
- the lower limit value of the ten-point average roughness (Rz) of the light scattering surface facing the first light transmitting portion 4 of the second light transmitting portion 5 is more preferably 1.7 ⁇ m, and further preferably 2 ⁇ m.
- the ratio (Rz / Ra) of the ten-point average roughness (Rz) and the arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of the light scattering surface facing the first light transmitting portion 4 of the second light transmitting portion 5 is not particularly limited. However, 1 or more and 20 or less are preferable.
- the upper limit of the ratio (Rz / Ra) of the ten-point average roughness (Rz) and the arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of the light scattering surface facing the first light transmitting portion 4 of the second light transmitting portion 5 is 15 More preferably, 10 is even more preferable.
- the viewing angle limiting sheet 1 reduces unevenness of the fine unevenness by suppressing the ten-point average roughness (Rz) of the light scattering surface to the above range with respect to the arithmetic average roughness (Ra). In addition, light diffusibility can be improved.
- the average pitch between the convex portions of the fine concavo-convex shape of the second light transmitting portion 5 is preferably 500 nm or more and 5 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 1 ⁇ m or more and 3 ⁇ m or less.
- the number of light scattering surfaces formed on the side surfaces of the first light transmission unit 4 and the second light transmission unit 5 is not particularly limited, but is 2 / mm or more per unit length in the vertical direction of the light scattering surface. Pieces / mm or less are preferable.
- the upper limit of the number of disposed light scattering surfaces is more preferably 75 / mm, and even more preferably 50 / mm.
- the lower limit of the number of disposed light scattering surfaces is more preferably 10 / mm, and even more preferably 20 / mm.
- the number of light scattering surfaces here is calculated as one when the side surfaces of the first light transmitting portion 4 and the side surfaces of the second light transmitting portion 5 facing each other are formed as light scattering surfaces.
- the thickness (T 2 ) of the second light transmission part 5 is not particularly limited, but is generally the same as the thickness of the optical function layer 2.
- a haze value of the 2nd light transmission part 5 20% or less is preferable, 15% or less is more preferable, and 10% or less is further more preferable.
- the haze value of the 2nd light transmissive part 5 exceeds the said upper limit, light transmittance will fall and a possibility that front brightness may become high becomes high.
- the ratio of the thickness (T 2) to the width of the second light transmitting portion 5 (W 2) (T 2 / W 2) it is not particularly limited, 1 to 8.5 is preferred.
- the upper limit of the ratio of the thickness (T 2) to the width of the second light transmitting portion 5 (W 2) (T 2 / W 2) is more preferably 5, 4 is more preferable.
- the lower limit of the ratio of the thickness (T 2) to the width of the second light transmitting portion 5 (W 2) (T 2 / W 2) is more preferably 1.5, 2 is more preferred.
- the thickness ratio (T 2 / W 2 ) exceeds the above upper limit, the amount of light emitted from the surface side of the second light transmission part 5 decreases, and the light diffused by the light scattering surface increases, and the front surface There is a possibility that the sharpness of the image when viewed from the direction is lowered.
- the thickness ratio (T 2 / W 2 ) is less than the lower limit, the viewing angle becomes too wide, and there is a high possibility that personal information or the like leaks to the viewer from an oblique direction.
- the refractive index (n 2 ) of the second light transmission part 5 is preferably different from the refractive index (n 1 ) of the first light transmission part 4. Thereby, a light beam can be suitably diffused by the light scattering surface.
- ) as a is not particularly limited However, 0.15 or more is preferable, 0.3 or more is more preferable, and 0.45 or more is further more preferable. If less than the above lower limit, the absolute value of the difference between the refractive index of the first light transmitting portion 4 (n 1) and the refractive index of the second light transmitting portion 5 (n 2) (
- the protective layer 3 is formed on the back surface of the optical function layer 2. Since the protective layer 3 is required to transmit light, the protective layer 3 is formed of a transparent, particularly colorless and transparent synthetic resin as a main component. Although it does not specifically limit as a synthetic resin used as a main component of the protective layer 3, The synthetic resin similar to the synthetic resin used as a main component of the 2nd light transmissive part 5 is mentioned. Further, the same additive as that of the second light transmission part 5 may be added to the protective layer 3.
- the thickness of the protective layer 3 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less.
- the upper limit value of the thickness of the protective layer 3 is more preferably 8 ⁇ m, and further preferably 6 ⁇ m.
- the lower limit of the thickness of the protective layer 3 is more preferably 2 ⁇ m, and further preferably 3 ⁇ m.
- the refractive index (n 4 ) of the protective layer 3 is not particularly limited, but is preferably equal to the refractive index (n 2 ) of the second light transmission part.
- the viewing angle limiting sheet 1 can suppress the loss of light and improve the front luminance by the refractive index (n 4 ) of the protective layer 3 being equal to the refractive index (n 2 ) of the second light transmission part. it can.
- the light ray L is a light ray having a distribution that is incident from the back side of the protective layer 3 and has a peak in the front direction.
- the light ray L 1 incident substantially perpendicularly from the back side of the protective layer 3 is transmitted through the second light transmission portion 5 and emitted substantially perpendicularly from the surface side of the second light transmission portion 5. Is done.
- the light beam L 2 incident from the back surface side of the protective layer 3 with an angle of ⁇ with the light beams L 1 is incident on the first light transmission unit 4 from the second light transmission unit 5.
- the light is diffused by the light scattering surface formed at the interface between the second light transmission part 5 and the first light transmission part 4.
- the diffused light is light L 2 'are light L 2, when to emit a second light transmitting portion 5 in the first light transmitting portion 4, a second light transmitting portion 5 of the first light transmitting portion 4 It is diffused by the light scattering surface formed at the interface.
- the light beam L 2 ′′ which is the diffused light of the light beam L 2 , is at a predetermined angle with the front direction from the front surface side of the second light transmission unit 5 in a state where the intensity is smaller than the light beams L 2 and L 2 ′. Is emitted.
- the viewing angle limiting sheet 1 displays a clear image in the front direction by the light rays not incident on the first light transmission portion 4 among the light rays incident on the second light transmission portion 5 from the protective layer 3.
- the manufacturing method of the viewing angle limiting sheet 1 is not particularly limited as long as the above structure can be formed, and various methods are employed.
- a manufacturing method of the viewing angle limiting sheet 1 for example, (1) two layers in which a layer made of a material forming the first light transmission part 4 and a layer made of a material forming the second light transmission part 5 are laminated. A step of obtaining a sheet body, and (2) a plurality of two-layer sheet bodies, in which a layer made of a material forming the first light transmission portion 4 and a layer made of a material forming the second light transmission portion 5 are alternately arranged.
- a step of obtaining a multilayer structure by superimposing and bonding as provided (3) a step of cutting the obtained multilayer structure in the superposition direction to obtain an optical functional layer 2, and (4) an optical function And a step of obtaining the protective layer 3 by coating on the back surface of the layer 2.
- the viewing angle limiting sheet 1 includes a first light transmission part 4 and a second light transmission part 5 disposed between the first light transmission parts 4, and the first light transmission parts 4 facing each other. Since at least one of the side surface and the side surface of the second light transmitting portion 5 is formed as a light scattering surface, the light incident from the back surface side at a predetermined angle is diffused by the light scattering surface and emitted. Can be made. On the other hand, the viewing angle limiting sheet 1 emits light that is incident on the first light transmission part 4 or the second light transmission part 5 from the back side substantially perpendicularly from the surface side of the optical function layer 2. Can be made.
- the viewing angle restriction sheet 1 can display a clear image for the viewer (user) from the front direction and blur the displayed image for the viewer from the oblique direction. By doing so, leakage of personal information and the like can be prevented. Since the viewing angle limiting sheet 1 prevents leakage of personal information or the like by diffusing light incident at a predetermined angle from the back side by the light scattering surface, it can suppress a decrease in front luminance. it can.
- the viewing angle limiting sheet 1 has the second light transmission portion 5 by setting the ratio (T 2 / W 2 ) of the thickness (T 2 ) to the haze value and width (W 2 ) of the second light transmission portion 5 within the above range.
- the front luminance can be improved by the light rays incident on the part 5 and the viewing angle can be suitably adjusted.
- the viewing angle limiting sheet 1 is suitable for the sharpness of the image in the front direction and the blurring degree of the image in the oblique direction. Can be controlled.
- the viewing angle limiting sheet 1 can easily control the emitted light because the surface of the optical function layer 2 is flush with the surface. In addition, the viewing angle limiting sheet 1 can keep the thickness of the optical functional layer 2 constant and improve usability and optical uniformity.
- the incident light beam can be easily controlled.
- the viewing angle limiting sheet 1 can keep the thickness of the optical functional layer 2 constant and improve usability and optical uniformity.
- the viewing angle limiting sheet 1 has the protective layer 3 formed on one surface side of the optical functional layer 2, the strength, shape stability, and the like can be improved.
- the viewing angle limiting sheet 11 in FIG. 3 has an optical function layer 12 and a protective layer 3.
- the protective layer 3 in the present embodiment is the same as the viewing angle limiting sheet 1 in FIG.
- the optical functional layer 12 has a plurality of rectangular first light transmitting portions 13 arranged in a multi-strip shape and a plurality of rectangular second light transmitting portions 14 arranged in a multi-strip shape. ing.
- the first light transmission portions 13 are disposed substantially in parallel with an interval, and the second light transmission portions 14 are disposed between the first light transmission portions 13.
- the front surface and the back surface of the optical functional layer 12 are formed flush with each other.
- the optical function layer 12 is formed such that the side surface of the first light transmission part 13 and the side surface of the second light transmission part 14 are in close contact with each other.
- the thickness of the optical functional layer 12 is the same as the thickness of the optical functional layer 2 in FIG.
- the surface area occupied by the first light transmission portion 13 in the optical functional layer 12 is preferably 5% or more and 40% or less.
- the upper limit of the surface area occupied by the first light transmission portion 13 in the optical function layer 12 is more preferably 30%, and further preferably 20%.
- the lower limit of the surface area occupied by the first light transmission portion 13 in the optical function layer 12 is more preferably 10%, and further preferably 15%.
- the first light transmission portion 13 includes a light diffusing agent 15 and a resin matrix 16.
- the light diffusing agent 15 is surrounded by the matrix 16.
- the synthetic resin similar to the synthetic resin of the main component of the 1st light transmission part 4 is mentioned.
- the first light transmission portion 13 is formed with a light scattering surface similar to that of the first light transmission portion 4.
- the matrix 16 may contain a pigment in a dispersed manner.
- the pigment dispersedly contained in the matrix 16 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a white pigment, a black pigment, a blue pigment, and a red pigment.
- the pigment dispersedly contained in the matrix 16 may be an inorganic pigment or an organic pigment, but an inorganic pigment having excellent light resistance and the like is preferably used.
- the white pigment is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include calcium carbonate, titanium oxide, zinc oxide, lead carbonate, barium sulfate, silicon oxide, and aluminum oxide.
- the black pigment is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include carbon black and black iron oxide.
- the blue pigment is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include cobalt blue, ultramarine, Prussian blue, turquoise blue, manganese blue, and phthalocyanine blue.
- the red pigment is not particularly limited, and examples include red bean (iron oxide red), cadmium red, and molybdenum orange.
- the average particle diameter of the pigment is not particularly limited, but is preferably 100 nm or more and 30 ⁇ m or less.
- the upper limit of the average particle diameter of the pigment is more preferably 3 ⁇ m, and even more preferably 1 ⁇ m.
- the lower limit of the average particle diameter of the pigment is more preferably 200 nm, and even more preferably 300 nm.
- the average particle diameter in this invention means what averaged the particle diameter of 30 particle
- the particle diameter is defined by the ferret diameter (interval when the projected image is sandwiched between parallel lines in a certain direction).
- the content with respect to the synthetic resin forming the pigment matrix 16 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 5 parts by mass or more and 30 parts by mass or less.
- the upper limit of the content of the pigment with respect to the synthetic resin is more preferably 25 parts by mass, and still more preferably 20 parts by mass.
- the lower limit of the content of the pigment with respect to the synthetic resin is more preferably 7 parts by mass, and still more preferably 10 parts by mass.
- the viewing angle limiting sheet 11 can improve the heat resistance, thermal dimensional stability, weather resistance, strength, aging resistance, and the like of the first light transmission portion 13 by dispersing the pigment in the matrix 16. It can.
- the viewing angle limiting sheet 11 reflects the light beam directed from the second light transmission unit 14 to the first light transmission unit 13 to the second light transmission unit 14 because the matrix 16 contains a white pigment in a dispersed manner. be able to.
- the viewing angle limiting sheet 11 can improve the luminance in the front direction.
- the viewing angle limiting sheet 11 can enhance the light absorptivity of the first light transmission portion 13 by dispersing the black pigment in the matrix 16. As a result, the viewing angle limiting sheet 11 can absorb a certain amount of light incident on the first light transmission portion 13 and reduce visibility from an oblique direction.
- the refractive index of the matrix 16 is improved, for example, ZnO, TiO 2 , CeO 2 , SnO 2 , ITO, Cs 0.33 WO 3 , Al 2 O 3 , La 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 , Y 2 O
- High refractive index fine particles such as 3 may be included.
- the average particle diameter of the high refractive index fine particles is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 nm or more and 100 nm or less.
- the upper limit value of the average particle diameter of the high refractive index fine particles is more preferably 80 nm, and further preferably 60 nm.
- the lower limit of the average particle diameter of the high refractive index fine particles is more preferably 5 nm, and even more preferably 10 nm.
- the average particle diameter of the high refractive index fine particles exceeds the upper limit, the transparency of the first light transmission portion 13 may be reduced.
- the average particle diameter of the high refractive index fine particles is less than the lower limit, the dispersibility of the high refractive index fine particles may be lowered.
- the content of the high refractive index fine particles with respect to the synthetic resin forming the matrix 16 is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 10% by mass or more and 60% by mass or less.
- the matrix 16 may be blended with the same additive as that of the first light transmission part 4.
- the thickness of the first light transmitting portion 13 (T 1) is the same as the thickness of the first light transmitting portion 4 (T 1). Further, the width (W 1 ) of the first light transmission portion 13 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 3.5 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less.
- the upper limit value of the width (W 1 ) of the first light transmission portion 13 is more preferably 75 ⁇ m, and further preferably 50 ⁇ m.
- the lower limit of the width (W 1 ) of the first light transmitting portion 13 is more preferably 5 ⁇ m, and more preferably 7 ⁇ m.
- the width (W 1 ) of the first light transmission part 13 exceeds the upper limit, the amount of light diffused by the first light transmission part 13 is increased, and the visibility of the image from the front direction is likely to be reduced. Become.
- the width (W 1 ) of the first light transmission part 13 is less than the lower limit, the arithmetic average roughness of the light scattering surface of the first light transmission part 13 becomes small, and there is a possibility that the light beam cannot be diffused suitably. Becomes higher.
- the ratio of (T 1 / W 1) and the thickness to the width (W 1) of the first light transmitting portion 13 (T 1) it is not particularly limited, but is preferably 4 or more and 40 or less.
- the upper limit of the ratio of the thickness (T 1) to the width (W 1) of the first light transmitting portion 13 (T 1 / W 1) is more preferably 35, more preferably 30.
- the lower limit of the ratio of the thickness (T 1) to the width of the first light transmitting portion 13 (W 1) (T 1 / W 1) is 7, and still more preferably 10.
- the arrangement width of the first light transmission portions 13 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 6 ⁇ m or more and 400 ⁇ m or less.
- the upper limit value of the arrangement width between the first light transmission portions 13 is more preferably 300 ⁇ m, and even more preferably 200 ⁇ m.
- the lower limit value of the arrangement width between the first light transmitting portions 13 is more preferably 50 ⁇ m, and further preferably 100 ⁇ m.
- the refractive index (n 5 ) of the matrix 16 is not particularly limited, but is preferably larger than the refractive index (n 2 ) of the second light transmission portion 14. Thereby, it can prevent suitably that the light ray which injected into the 1st light transmissive part 13 from the 2nd light transmissive part 14 is radiate
- the refractive index (n 5 ) of the matrix 16 is preferably 1.57 or more, more preferably 1.6 or more, and further preferably 1.63 or more.
- the difference between the refractive index of the matrix 15 (n 5) and the refractive index of the second light transmitting portion 14 (n 2) (n 5 -n 2) it is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.15 or more, 0 .3 or more is more preferable, and 0.45 or more is more preferable.
- the light diffusing agent 15 is contained in the first light transmitting portion 13 at substantially equal density.
- the light diffusing agent 15 is a particle having a property of diffusing light, and is roughly classified into an inorganic filler and an organic filler.
- the inorganic filler for example, silica, aluminum hydroxide, aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, barium sulfide, magnesium silicate, or a mixture thereof can be used.
- an organic filler material for example, acrylic resin, acrylonitrile resin, polyolefin resin, polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polyacrylonitrile, polyamide, and the like can be used. Among them, an acrylic resin having high transparency is preferable, and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is particularly preferable.
- PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
- the shape of the light diffusing agent 15 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a spherical shape, a spindle shape, a needle shape, a rod shape, a cubic shape, a plate shape, a scale shape, and a fiber shape. Excellent spherical beads are preferred.
- the average particle diameter of the light diffusing agent 15 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 ⁇ m or more and 50 ⁇ m or less.
- the upper limit of the average particle diameter of the light diffusing agent 15 is more preferably 20 ⁇ m, and further preferably 15 ⁇ m.
- the lower limit of the average particle diameter of the light diffusing agent 15 is more preferably 2 ⁇ m, and further preferably 5 ⁇ m.
- the mass ratio of the light diffusing agent 15 to the matrix 16 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 or more and 2 or less.
- the upper limit of the mass ratio of the light diffusing agent 15 to the matrix 16 is more preferably 1, and more preferably 0.5.
- the lower limit of the mass ratio of the light diffusing agent 15 to the matrix 16 is more preferably 0.2, and even more preferably 0.3.
- the refractive index (n 5 ) of the matrix 16 is preferably larger than the refractive index (n 3 ) of the light diffusing agent 15.
- the viewing angle limiting sheet 11 preferably has a refractive index (n 5 ) of the matrix 16 larger than a refractive index (n 3 ) of the light diffusing agent 15, so that light is suitably emitted by the interface between the matrix 16 and the light diffusing agent 15. Can diffuse.
- a haze value of the 1st light transmission part 13 Although it does not specifically limit as a haze value of the 1st light transmission part 13, 30% or more is preferable, 40% or more is more preferable, and 50% or more is further more preferable. When the haze value of the 1st light transmission part 13 is less than the said minimum, a possibility that a light-diffusion function may fall becomes high.
- the second light transmission part 14 Since the second light transmission part 14 needs to transmit light, the second light transmission part 14 is formed of a transparent, particularly colorless and transparent synthetic resin as a main component. Although it does not specifically limit as a synthetic resin of the main component of the 2nd light transmissive part 14, The synthetic resin similar to the main component of the 2nd light transmissive part 5 is mentioned.
- the additive added to the second light transmission part 14 is the same as the additive added to the second light transmission part 5.
- the second light transmission portion 14 is formed with a light scattering surface similar to that of the second light transmission portion 5.
- the thickness of the second light transmitting portion 14 (T 2), the width ratio of the thickness (T 2) with respect to (W 2) (T 2 / W 2), the haze value is the same as that of the second light transmitting portion 5.
- the ratio of the width (W 1) of the first light transmitting portion 13 of the width of the second light transmitting portion 14 (W 2) (W 2 / W 1) is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1.5 to 15 .
- the upper limit of the ratio of the width (W 1) of the second width of the light transmitting portions 14 (W 2) of the first light transmitting portion 13 (W 2 / W 1) is more preferably 12, more preferably 10.
- the lower limit of the ratio of the width (W 1) of the first light transmitting portion 13 of the width of the second light transmitting portion 14 (W 2) (W 2 / W 1) is 3, and still more preferably 5.
- the ratio of the width (W 1) of the first light transmitting portion 13 of the width of the second light transmitting portion 14 (W 2) (W 2 / W 1) exceeds the upper limit, there is a possibility that the viewing angle is too wide . Conversely, if the ratio of the width (W 1) of the first light transmitting portion 13 of the width of the second light transmitting portion 14 (W 2) (W 2 / W 1) is less than the above lower limit, diffused by the light scattering surface There is a high possibility that the sharpness of the image is lowered when viewed from the front direction by the light beam.
- the method for producing the viewing angle limiting sheet 11 is not particularly limited as long as the above structure can be formed.
- the same method as that for the viewing angle limiting sheet 1 can be mentioned.
- the first light transmission part 13 includes the light diffusing agent 15 and the resin matrix 16, the light diffusibility by the first light transmission part 13 can be remarkably improved. As a result, it is possible to improve the sharpness of the image displayed to the viewer from the front direction and to suitably prevent leakage of personal information from the oblique direction.
- the touch panel 21 in FIG. 4 includes a substrate 22, a transparent conductive layer 23, an adhesive layer 24, a substrate 25, and the viewing angle limiting sheet 1.
- the viewing angle limiting sheet 1 in the present embodiment is the same as the viewing angle limiting sheet 1 in FIG.
- the touch panel 21 is disposed on the surface side of a display panel (not shown).
- the touch panel 21 emits image light emitted from the display panel to the surface side.
- the touch panel 21 is formed as a capacitive touch panel.
- the substrate 22 is made of a transparent insulating material. Specifically, the substrate 22 is formed as a glass substrate.
- the transparent conductive layer 23 is formed of a conductive material having transparency and conductivity. Examples of the material for forming the transparent conductive layer 23 include inorganic metals and organic conductive polymers. Examples of the inorganic metal include gold, silver, copper, platinum, nickel, tin oxide, and indium tin oxide (ITO). Examples of the organic conductive polymer include organic conductive compositions using polyaniline, polythiophene, polypyrrole, polyquinoxaline, and the like. Of these, ITO or a polythiophene-based material having good optical characteristics, appearance, and conductivity is preferable.
- the adhesive layer 24 bonds the transparent conductive layer 23 and the substrate 25. Although it does not specifically limit as a forming material of the adhesion layer 24, Well-known adhesive resins, such as an acrylic resin and a urethane-type resin, are mentioned.
- the substrate 25 is a transparent insulating substrate and is formed as a glass substrate like the substrate 22.
- the viewing angle limiting sheet 1 is laminated on the back surface of the substrate 25.
- the viewing angle limiting sheet 1 is laminated on the back surface of the substrate 25 by an adhesive layer (not shown).
- the viewing angle limiting sheet 1 is arranged so that the longitudinal direction of the first light transmission part 4 is parallel to the vertical direction of the touch panel 21.
- the viewing angle restriction sheet 1 Since the viewing angle restriction sheet 1 is disposed on the surface side of the display panel, it displays a clear image for a viewer from the front direction and suitably leaks personal information from an oblique direction. Can be prevented.
- the touch panel 21 can emit a light beam incident at a predetermined angle from the back surface side of the viewing angle limiting sheet 1 after being diffused by a light scattering surface.
- the touch panel 21 receives light incident on the first light transmissive part 4 or the second light transmissive part 5 from the back side of the viewing angle limiting sheet 1 from the front side of the optical function layer 2.
- the light can be emitted substantially vertically. Therefore, the touch panel 21 can display a clear image for the viewer (user) from the front direction and blur the displayed image for the viewer from the oblique direction. Leakage of personal information can be prevented.
- the touch panel 31 in FIG. 5 includes the viewing angle limiting sheet 1, the substrate 22, the transparent conductive layer 23, the adhesive layer 24, and the substrate 25.
- the viewing angle limiting sheet 1 is the same as the viewing angle limiting sheet 1 in FIG. 1, and the substrate 22, the transparent conductive layer 23, the adhesive layer 24, and the substrate 25 are the same as the touch panel 21 in FIG.
- the same numbers are assigned and the description is omitted.
- the touch panel 31 is disposed on the surface side of a display panel (not shown).
- the touch panel 31 emits image light emitted from the display panel to the surface side.
- the touch panel 31 is formed as a capacitive touch panel.
- the viewing angle limiting sheet 1 is arranged so that the longitudinal direction of the first light transmission part 4 is parallel to the vertical direction of the touch panel 41.
- the viewing angle restriction sheet 1 Since the viewing angle restriction sheet 1 is disposed on the surface side of the display panel, it displays a clear image for a viewer from the front direction and suitably leaks personal information from an oblique direction. Can be prevented.
- the touch panel 31 can emit the light incident at a predetermined angle from the back side of the viewing angle limiting sheet 1 after being diffused by the light scattering surface.
- the touch panel 31 receives light incident on the first light transmission part 4 or the second light transmission part 5 from the back side of the viewing angle restriction sheet 1 substantially perpendicularly from the surface side of the optical function layer 2.
- the light can be emitted substantially vertically. Therefore, the touch panel 31 can display a clear image for the viewer (user) from the front direction and blur the displayed image for the viewer from the oblique direction. Leakage of personal information can be prevented.
- the viewing angle limiting sheet of the present invention and the flat panel display including the viewing angle limiting sheet can be implemented in variously modified and improved modes in addition to the above mode.
- the viewing angle limiting sheet may not have a protective layer
- the protective layer may be provided on the surface side of the optical functional layer
- the protective layer is provided on both front and back sides of the optical functional layer. It may be done.
- the second light transmission portion is not necessarily formed from a synthetic resin.
- the viewing angle limiting sheet may be a hollow part in which the second light transmission part is formed from air.
- the viewing angle limiting sheet may not be in close contact with the side surface of the first light transmission part and the side surface of the second light transmission part. Even if there is a gap between the side surface of the first light transmission part and the side surface of the second light transmission part, the viewing angle limiting sheet has a gap between the side surface of the first light transmission part and the side surface of the second light transmission part.
- the light beam can be refracted at the interface, and thus the diffusibility can be improved.
- the viewing angle limiting sheet need not be flush with the front surface and / or the back surface of the optical functional layer.
- the viewing angle limiting sheet can adjust the visibility from the front direction, the viewing angle, and the like, for example, by changing the thicknesses of the first light transmitting portion and the second light transmitting portion.
- another layer may be laminated between the protective layer and the optical function layer.
- the first light transmission portions do not necessarily have to be arranged at equal intervals.
- both the side surfaces of the first light transmitting portion and the second light transmitting portion facing each other are formed as light scattering surfaces, and only one of the side surfaces is a light scattering surface. It may be formed as.
- the viewing angle limiting sheet does not need to be formed with fine irregularities on the entire side surfaces of the first light transmission part and the second light transmission part.
- the viewing angle limiting sheet may have a viewing angle control plate provided so as to intersect with the first light transmission part and the second light transmission part. By having such a viewing angle control plate, the viewing angle limiting sheet can remarkably reduce the risk of personal information leaking from an oblique direction.
- the viewing angle limiting sheet can be disposed on various touch panels such as a resistance film method and an electromagnetic induction method in addition to the capacitance method. Even when the viewing angle limiting sheet is disposed on the touch panel, it is not always necessary that the longitudinal direction of the first light transmission portion and the vertical direction of the touch panel be parallel to each other.
- the viewing angle limiting sheet is not necessarily used by being attached to a touch panel, and can be disposed on the display panel surface side of various flat panel displays such as a liquid crystal display, a plasma display, and an organic EL display.
- Example 1 Acrylic resin was supplied to a T-die and extruded to form a sheet-like extruded body that forms the second light transmission portion. Furthermore, mat processing was performed on both sides of the extruded body so that the surface roughness (Ra) (Rz) in Table 1 was obtained.
- this coating layer was matted to produce a laminate composed of a first light transmission part and a second light transmission part.
- a laminated body having the same configuration as this laminated body was sequentially laminated and bonded to produce a multilayer body in which the first light transmitting portion and the second light transmitting portion were sequentially stacked.
- the multilayer body was cut in a vertical direction at a predetermined interval, and a protective layer having an average thickness of 5 ⁇ m made of the same material as that of the second light transmission portion was laminated on one cut surface (back surface side).
- the viewing angle limiting sheet was obtained.
- Example 2 Width ratio of the thickness (T 1) for the (W 1) (T 1 / W 1), and width (W 2) the ratio of the thickness (T 2) with respect to (T 2 / W 2) was a value shown in Table 1 Except for the above, the viewing angle limiting sheets of Examples 2 to 8 were obtained in the same manner as Example 1.
- Example 9 Acrylic resin was supplied to a T-die and extruded to form a sheet-like extruded body that forms the second light transmission portion. Furthermore, mat processing was performed on both sides of the extruded body so that the surface roughness (Ra) (Rz) in Table 1 was obtained.
- a coating solution containing a light diffusing agent (acrylic resin beads (average particle size 3 ⁇ m)) was prepared, applied to the surface of the extruded body, dried at 80 ° C., and then cured by irradiation with ultraviolet rays. Furthermore, the surface of this coating layer was matted to produce a laminate composed of a first light transmission part and a second light transmission part.
- a laminated body having the same configuration as this laminated body was sequentially laminated and bonded to produce a multilayer body in which the first light transmitting portion and the second light transmitting portion were sequentially stacked.
- the multilayer body was cut in the vertical direction at predetermined intervals, and a protective layer having an average thickness of 5 ⁇ m made of the same material as that of the second light transmission portion was laminated on one cut surface (back surface side).
- the viewing angle limiting sheet was obtained.
- Width ratio of the thickness (T 1) for the (W 1) (T 1 / W 1), and width (W 2) the ratio of the thickness (T 2) with respect to (T 2 / W 2) was a value shown in Table 1 Except for the above, the viewing angle limiting sheets of Examples 10 to 16 were obtained in the same manner as Example 9.
- this coating layer was matted to produce a laminate composed of a first light transmission part and a second light transmission part.
- a laminated body having the same configuration as this laminated body was sequentially laminated and bonded to produce a multilayer body in which the first light transmitting portion and the second light transmitting portion were sequentially stacked.
- the multilayer body was cut in a vertical direction at a predetermined interval, and a protective layer having an average thickness of 5 ⁇ m made of the same material as that of the second light transmission portion was laminated on one cut surface (back surface side).
- the viewing angle limiting sheet was obtained.
- the evaluation of viewing angle characteristics is based on the visibility of the displayed image in the oblique direction (0 ° ⁇ 45 °) when the backlight is irradiated.
- A When the display image cannot be identified
- B A case where the display image can hardly be distinguished.
- C A case where the displayed image can be distinguished somehow.
- D When the displayed image can be clearly identified ⁇ As evaluated. The results are shown in Table 1.
- the evaluation of the luminance characteristics is based on the visibility of the display image by visual observation in the front direction (0 ° ⁇ 5 °) when the backlight is irradiated.
- A A case where the brightness is not felt and the display screen is clearly visible.
- B A case in which a decrease in luminance is not felt, but the display screen is visually perceived with a slight blur.
- C When a decrease in luminance is felt ⁇ As evaluated. The results are shown in Table 1.
- the viewing angle limiting sheet of the present invention and the flat panel display including the viewing angle limiting sheet can suitably prevent leakage of personal information from an oblique direction and suppress a decrease in front luminance. It can be suitably used for various flat panel displays such as liquid crystal displays, plasma displays, and organic EL displays.
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Abstract
Description
多条状に配設される複数の断面矩形の第一光透過部と、上記第一光透過部同士の間に配設される断面矩形の第二光透過部とを有する光学機能層を備え、
互いに対面する第一光透過部の側面及び第二光透過部の側面の少なくとも一方の側面が、微細凹凸形状を有する光散乱面として形成されている視野角制限シートである。
当該視野角制限シートを備えるフラットパネルディスプレイである。
〈視野角制限シート1〉
以下、適宜図面を参照しつつ、本発明の実施の形態を詳説する。
光学機能層2は、多条状に配設される複数の断面矩形の第一光透過部4と、多条状に配設される複数の断面矩形の第二光透過部5とを有している。光学機能層2は、第一光透過部4が間隔をおいて略平行に配設され、第一光透過部4同士の間に第二光透過部5が配設されている。光学機能層2において、第一光透過部4の幅(W1)は第二光透過部5の幅(W2)よりも小さく形成されている。光学機能層2の表面及び裏面は、面一に形成されている。光学機能層2は、第一光透過部4の側面と第二光透過部5の側面とが密接して形成されている。
第一光透過部4は、光線を透過させる必要があるので透明、特に無色透明の合成樹脂を主成分として形成されている。第一光透過部4の主成分の合成樹脂としては、特に限定されるものではないが、熱可塑性樹脂が好適に用いられる。第一光透過部4の主成分として用いられる熱可塑性樹脂としては、例えば、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリエチレンナフタレート、アクリル樹脂、ポリカーボネート、ポリスチレン、ポリオレフィン、セルロースアセテート、耐候性塩化ビニルが挙げられる。なかでも第一光透過部4の主成分としては、透明性、強度が高く、複屈折性の制御が容易なポリエチレンテレフタレート又はポリカーボネートが好ましく、撓み性能が改善されたポリエチレンテレフタレートが特に好ましい。
第二光透過部5は、光線を透過させる必要があるので透明、特に無色透明の合成樹脂を主成分として形成されている。第二光透過部5の主成分の合成樹脂としては、特に限定されるものではないが、第一光透過部4の主成分と同様の合成樹脂が挙げられる。第二光透過部5に配合される添加剤としては、第一光透過部4に配合される添加剤と同様である。
保護層3は、光学機能層2の裏面に形成されている。保護層3は、光線を透過させる必要があるので透明、特に無色透明の合成樹脂を主成分として形成されている。保護層3の主成分として用いられる合成樹脂としては、特に限定されるものではないが、第二光透過部5の主成分として用いられる合成樹脂と同様の合成樹脂が挙げられる。また、保護層3には、第二光透過部5と同様の添加剤が添加されていてもよい。
次に、図2を参照して、当該視野角制限シート1の裏面側から入射される光線の拡散作用について説明する。なお、図2において、光線Lは、保護層3の裏面側から入射され、正面方向にピークを示す分布の光線である。
当該視野角制限シート1の製造方法としては、上記構造のものが形成できれば特に限定されるものではなく、種々の方法が採用される。当該視野角制限シート1の製造方法としては、例えば(1)第一光透過部4を形成する材料からなる層と、第二光透過部5を形成する材料からなる層とを積層した2層シート体を得る工程と、(2)複数の2層シート体を、第一光透過部4を形成する材料から成る層と第二光透過部5を形成する材料からなる層とが交互に配設されるように重畳して接着し、多層体構造体を得る工程と、(3)得られた多層構造体を重畳方向に切断し、光学機能層2を得る工程と、(4)光学機能層2の裏面に塗工によって保護層3を得る工程とを有している。
〈視野角制限シート11〉
図3の視野角制限シート11は、光学機能層12と、保護層3とを有している。本実施形態における保護層3は、図1の視野角制限シート1と同様のため、同一番号を付して説明を省略する。
光学機能層12は、多条状に配設される複数の断面矩形の第一光透過部13と、多条状に配設される複数の断面矩形の第二光透過部14とを有している。光学機能層12は、第一光透過部13が間隔をおいて略平行に配設され、第一光透過部13同士の間に第二光透過部14が配設されている。光学機能層12の表面及び裏面は、面一に形成されている。光学機能層12は、第一光透過部13の側面と第二光透過部14の側面とが密接して形成されている。光学機能層12の厚みは、図1の光学機能層2の厚みと同様である。
第一光透過部13は、光拡散剤15と、樹脂製マトリックス16とを有している。光拡散剤15は、マトリックス16によって囲繞されている。マトリックス16を形成する合成樹脂としては、特に限定されないが、第一光透過部4の主成分の合成樹脂と同様の合成樹脂が挙げられる。第一光透過部13には、第一光透過部4と同様の光散乱面が形成されている。
第二光透過部14は、光線を透過させる必要があるので透明、特に無色透明の合成樹脂を主成分として形成されている。第二光透過部14の主成分の合成樹脂としては、特に限定されるものではないが、第二光透過部5の主成分と同様の合成樹脂が挙げられる。第二光透過部14に添加される添加剤としては、第二光透過部5に添加される添加剤と同様である。また、第二光透過部14には、第二光透過部5と同様の光散乱面が形成されている。第二光透過部14の厚み(T2)、幅(W2)に対する厚み(T2)の比(T2/W2)、ヘイズ値については、第二光透過部5と同様である。
当該視野角制限シート11の製造方法としては、上記構造のものが形成できれば特に限定されるものではなく、例えば、視野角制限シート1と同様の方法が挙げられる。
〈タッチパネル21〉
図4のタッチパネル21は、基板22と、透明導電層23と、粘着層24と、基板25と、視野角制限シート1とを有している。本実施形態における視野角制限シート1は、図1の視野角制限シート1と同様のため、同一番号を付して説明を省略する。タッチパネル21は、表示パネル(図示せず)の表面側に配設されている。タッチパネル21は、表示パネルから出射される画像光を表面側に出射する。タッチパネル21は、静電容量方式のタッチパネルとして形成されている。
〈タッチパネル31〉
図5のタッチパネル31は、視野角制限シート1と、基板22と、透明導電層23と、粘着層24と、基板25とを有している。本実施形態において、視野角制限シート1は、図1の視野角制限シート1と同様であり、基板22、透明導電層23、粘着層24及び基板25は、図4のタッチパネル21と同様のため、同一番号を付して説明を省略する。タッチパネル31は、表示パネル(図示せず)の表面側に配設されている。タッチパネル31は、表示パネルから出射される画像光を表面側に出射する。タッチパネル31は、静電容量方式のタッチパネルとして形成されている。視野角制限シート1は、第一光透過部4の長手方向が、タッチパネル41の上下方向と平行になるように配置されている。
なお、本発明の視野角制限シート及びこの視野角制限シートを備えるフラットパネルディスプレイは、上記態様の他、種々の変更、改良を施した態様で実施することができる。
アクリル系樹脂をTダイに供給し、押出成形して第二光透過部を形成するシート状の押出体を成形した。さらに、表1の表面粗さ(Ra)(Rz)になるように、この押出体の両面にマット加工を施した。一方、多官能ウレタン(メタ)アクリレートと錫含有酸化インジウム粒子(ITO)(平均一次粒径30nm)とを含む塗布液(多官能ウレタン(メタ)アクリレート/錫含有酸化インジウム粒子=9/41)を調製し、上記押出体表面に塗工し、80℃で乾燥させたうえ、紫外線を照射して硬化させた。さらに、この塗工層の表面にマット加工を施して、第一光透過部及び第二光透過部からなる積層体を作製した。次に、この積層体と同様の構成を有する積層体を順次積層接着していき、第一光透過部と第二光透過部とが順次積層された多層体を作製した。そして、この多層体を所定の間隔で垂直方向に切断したうえ、一方の切断面(裏面側)に第二光透過部と同様の材料からなる平均厚み5μmの保護層を積層して実施例1の視野角制限シートを得た。
幅(W1)に対する厚み(T1)の比(T1/W1)、及び幅(W2)に対する厚み(T2)の比(T2/W2)を表1に示す値とした以外は実施例1と同様にして実施例2~8の視野角制限シートを得た。
アクリル系樹脂をTダイに供給し、押出成形して第二光透過部を形成するシート状の押出体を成形した。さらに、表1の表面粗さ(Ra)(Rz)になるように、この押出体の両面にマット加工を施した。一方、多官能ウレタン(メタ)アクリレート及び錫含有酸化インジウム粒子(ITO)(平均一次粒径30nm)を含むマトリックス形成材料と、このマトリックス形成材料に対して質量比0.5の割合で含有される光拡散剤(アクリル系樹脂ビーズ(平均粒径3μm))とを含む塗布液を調製し、上記押出体表面に塗工し、80℃で乾燥させたうえ、紫外線を照射して硬化させた。さらに、この塗工層の表面にマット加工を施して、第一光透過部及び第二光透過部からなる積層体を作製した。次に、この積層体と同様の構成を有する積層体を順次積層接着していき、第一光透過部と第二光透過部とが順次積層された多層体を作製した。そして、この多層体を所定の間隔で垂直方向に切断したうえ、一方の切断面(裏面側)に第二光透過部と同様の材料からなる平均厚み5μmの保護層を積層して実施例9の視野角制限シートを得た。
アクリル系樹脂をTダイに供給し、押出成形して第二光透過部を形成する押出体を成形した。さらに、表1の表面粗さ(Ra)(Rz)になるように、この押出体の両面にマット加工を施した。一方、多官能ウレタン(メタ)アクリレートと、この多官能ウレタン(メタ)アクリレート100質量部に対して35質量部の割合で含有される光吸収材料としての黒色顔料(カーボンブラック)とを含む塗布液を調製し、上記押出体表面に塗工し、80℃で乾燥させたうえ、紫外線を照射して硬化させた。さらに、この塗工層の表面にマット加工を施して、第一光透過部及び第二光透過部からなる積層体を作製した。次に、この積層体と同様の構成を有する積層体を順次積層接着していき、第一光透過部と第二光透過部とが順次積層された多層体を作製した。そして、この多層体を所定の間隔で垂直方向に切断したうえ、一方の切断面(裏面側)に第二光透過部と同様の材料からなる平均厚み5μmの保護層を積層して比較例1の視野角制限シートを得た。
上記実施例1~16と比較例1の視野角制限シートをそれぞれタッチパネルの基板の表面に積層し、視野角特性及び輝度特性について評価した。また、比較例2として、何れの視野角制限シートも用いない場合の視野角特性及び輝度特性について評価した。
(a)表示画像が判別できない場合を◎
(b)表示画像が殆ど判別できない場合を○
(c)表示画像がなんとなく判別できる場合を△
(d)表示画像がはっきり判別できる場合を×
として評価した。その結果を表1に示す。
(a)輝度の低下が感じられず、かつ表示画面が鮮明に視認される場合を◎
(b)輝度の低下は感じられないが、表示画面が少しぼやけて視認される場合を△、
(c)輝度の低下が感じられる場合を×
として評価した。その結果を表1に示す。
2 光学機能層
3 保護層
4 第一光透過部
5 第二光透過部
11 視野角制限シート
12 光学機能層
13 第一光透過部
14 第二光透過部
15 光拡散剤
16 マトリックス
21 タッチパネル
22 基板
23 透明導電層
24 粘着剤
25 基板
31 タッチパネル
Claims (18)
- 多条状に配設される複数の断面矩形の第一光透過部と、上記第一光透過部同士の間に配設される断面矩形の第二光透過部とを有する光学機能層を備え、
互いに対面する第一光透過部の側面及び第二光透過部の側面の少なくとも一方の側面が、微細凹凸形状を有する光散乱面として形成されている視野角制限シート。 - 上記光散乱面の算術平均粗さ(Ra)が1.5μm以上4μm以下である請求項1に記載の視野角制限シート。
- 上記光散乱面の十点平均粗さ(Rz)と算術平均粗さ(Ra)との比(Rz/Ra)が1以上20以下である請求項1に記載の視野角制限シート。
- 上記光散乱面が、光散乱面の垂直方向単位長さあたり2個/mm以上100個/mm以下設けられている請求項1に記載の視野角制限シート。
- 上記第一光透過部又は上記第二光透過部の少なくとも一方のヘイズ値が、20%以下であり、上記ヘイズ値を有する光透過部の幅(W)に対する厚み(T)の比(T/W)が1以上8.5以下である請求項1に記載の視野角制限シート。
- 上記第一光透過部の屈折率(n1)と上記第二光透過部の屈折率(n2)とが相違している請求項1に記載の視野角制限シート。
- 上記第一光透過部の屈折率(n1)と上記第二光透過部の屈折率(n2)との差の絶対値(|n1-n2|)が0.15以上である請求項6に記載の視野角制限シート。
- 上記第一光透過部の側面と上記第二光透過部の側面とが密接している請求項6に記載の視野角制限シート。
- 上記第一光透過部が、光拡散剤と、樹脂製マトリックスとを有している請求項1に記載の視野角制限シート。
- 上記第二光透過部の幅(W2)の上記第一光透過部の幅(W1)に対する比(W2/W1)が1.5以上15以下である請求項9に記載の視野角制限シート。
- 上記第一光透過部の幅(W1)に対する厚み(T1)の比(T1/W1)が4以上40以下である請求項9に記載の視野角制限シート。
- 上記第一光透過部同士の配設幅が6μm以上400μm以下である請求項9に記載の視野角制限シート。
- 上記第一光透過部の樹脂製マトリックスの屈折率(n5)が上記第二光透過部の屈折率(n2)よりも大きい請求項9に記載の視野角制限シート。
- 上記光学機能層の表面が面一である請求項1に記載の視野角制限シート。
- 上記光学機能層の裏面が面一である請求項1に記載の視野角制限シート。
- 上記光学機能層の一方の面側に形成される保護層を有する請求項1に記載の視野角制限シート。
- フラットパネルディスプレイの表示パネルの表面側に配設される請求項1に記載の視野角制限シート。
- 請求項17に記載の視野角制限シートを備えるフラットパネルディスプレイ。
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US9568651B2 (en) | 2017-02-14 |
JP6242578B2 (ja) | 2017-12-06 |
CN104169748B (zh) | 2016-08-17 |
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CN104169748A (zh) | 2014-11-26 |
US20150049388A1 (en) | 2015-02-19 |
TWI487953B (zh) | 2015-06-11 |
KR20140137012A (ko) | 2014-12-01 |
JP2013228713A (ja) | 2013-11-07 |
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